Relevant bibliographies by topics / Marking weight

Academic literature on the topic 'Marking weight'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Marking weight"

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Yahya, Siti Aishah, Nor Azam Ramli, Syabiha Shith, and Nur Baitul Izati Rasli. "ASSESSMENT ON MARKING SPECIFICATION OF REAR SIDE OF HEAVY GOODS VEHICLES IN MALAYSIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 9 (October 7, 2020): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i9.2020.1572.

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A vehicle's conspicuity is determined by the colour and pattern of painted surfaces, height, lighting system, reflectorization and fluorescent markings. In Malaysia, the better visibility of heavy goods vehicles has to be marked with retroreflective marking. The objectives of the study to analyse percentages of marking requirement that compliant with the MS 828:2011. The study was conducted at Jawi Toll Plaza, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang from 9.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m for three days. As a result, the highest compliance level of marking requirement was 96% which is box truck two axles. Meanwhile, other categories were between 17% to 91%. Many HGVs were not installing rear-end marking type 5, while all trucks and trailers with a maximum gross vehicle weight (GVW) of 3500 kg and above had to be marked with Type 5 (contour marking) as of 1 July 2019. Some improvement needed to reduce the severity and the number of road accidents by recommended a safe following distance.
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Lambe, N. R., J. Conington, S. C. Bishop, A. Waterhouse, and G. Simm. "A genetic analysis of maternal behaviour score in Scottish Blackface sheep." Animal Science 72, no. 2 (January 2001): 415–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800055922.

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AbstractUnder field conditions, ewe behaviour was quantified by maternal behaviour score (MBS)-a six-point scale which assesses ewe flight distance when lambs are handled for the first time, within 24 h of birth (adapted from O’Connor et al., 1985). MBS was measured on 847 Scottish Blackface ewes on two experimental hill farms, over a maximum of four parities. Live weights of lambs born to these ewes were measured at birth, marking (average age of 42 days) and weaning (average age of 120 days).MBS was significantly higher ( P < 0·05) for ewes with more lambing experience (multiparous ewes), for older ewes and for twin-bearing ewes compared with ewes with single lambs. MBS was under genetic control ( h2 = 0·13, permanent environmental effect = 0·19, when analysed as the same trait across parities) and the repeatability was 0·32.MBS had no significant effects on weight gain of lambs. However, a moderate, positive genetic correlation was estimated between MBS and the average weight gained by lambs from birth to marking ( rg = 0·4, s.e. 0·22), although the genetic correlation estimated between MBS and weight gained to weaning was close to zero ( rg = 0·02, s.e. 0·16). Ewes with a MBS of 1 (ewe flees and does not return to her lambs) had significantly more lambs dying before marking and weaning than ewes with a higher maternal behaviour score. Selection to reduce the proportion of ewes in this category may therefore be beneficial.
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Elliott, Sinikka, Josephine Ngo McKelvy, and Sarah Bowen. "Marking time in ethnography: Uncovering temporal dispositions." Ethnography 18, no. 4 (June 22, 2016): 556–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1466138116655360.

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In this paper, we reflect on how time is appraised, organized, and managed by a group of researchers conducting an ethnography of 12 low-income families. We develop the concept of temporal dispositions: perceptions and preferences around time that in turn shape temporal practices. The concept of temporal dispositions encapsulates individuals’ background and training, agency and reflexivity, and the dynamic nature of ongoing social life and interactions through which temporal meanings may change or take on new symbolic weight. Overlaid upon each of these are larger social structures and power relations that affirm some temporal dispositions and stigmatize others. We conclude by considering the implications for ethnographic fieldworkers. We argue that analyzing the many ways researchers and participants navigate and perceive time offers insight into unspoken temporal assumptions, ideologies, and inequalities.
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MARTINEZ KRAHMER, DANIEL OSVALDO, GERMAN ABATE, ALEJANDRO SIMONCELLI, NAZARENO ANTUNEZ, VITALIY MARTYNENKO, DANIELA PEREZ, and LUIS NORBERTO LOPEZ DE LA CALLE MARCAIDE. "GRID LASER MARKING INFLUENCE ON HIGH-STRENGTH STEELS TENSILE TEST BEHAVIOR." DYNA 96, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.6036/9869.

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Automotive car companies are using AHSS (advanced high strength steels) over the last 20 years, to reduce vehicle weight and improve safety. The new steels can achieve higher strength and good fatigue resistance, but some issues related to springback and low formability are also a big concern. Thus, companies need to extend their know-how regarding material behaviour, design rules and manufacturing processes. Therefore, materials characterization laboratories are working to obtain the new formability charts of the steels. The grid laser marking of test pieces is a recent approach. However, the marking process must accomplish three main aspects: indelibility during the tensile testing procedure, precision, and of course, it must not affect the mechanical properties of studied steels. This work is focused on the laser marking of test pieces, using Ytterbium fiber laser. A dual phase steel (JFE CA 1180) is studied. Process parameter are defined. Keywords: grid marking, laser, advanced high-strength steels, AHSS, formability diagrams, mechanical properties
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Molineaux, Benjamin. "The diachrony of Mapudungun stress assignment." Papers in Historical Phonology 2 (April 18, 2017): 1–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/pihph.2.2017.1846.

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Stress assignment is one of the most widely-known and controversial aspects of present-day Mapudungun (aka Araucanian) phonology. Here, the diachrony of the phenomenon is explored based on the available written record spanning 1606–1936. Having surveyed these sparse but suggestive data, and contrasted them with present-day evidence, I suggest four distinct stages of development. Ultimately, I go on to argue that Mapudungun has undergone changes both to the morphological and metrical domains which determine stress assignment. At the level of the morphology, stress appears to have changed from marking the edge of verbal roots, to marking the edge of stems. In terms of metrical units, the apparent lack of weight-sensitivity in the earliest stages of the language is replaced by a decidedly weight-sensitive system towards the end. Finally, I argue that stress assignment in Mapudungun is subordinate to morpho-phonological transparency both synchronically and diachronically, allowing the position of stress to vary in order to highlight the morphology.
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Beaumont, Robin N., Isabelle K. Mayne, Rachel M. Freathy, and Caroline F. Wright. "Common genetic variants with fetal effects on birth weight are enriched for proximity to genes implicated in rare developmental disorders." Human Molecular Genetics 30, no. 11 (March 4, 2021): 1057–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddab060.

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Abstract Birth weight is an important factor in newborn survival; both low and high birth weights are associated with adverse later-life health outcomes. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 190 loci associated with maternal or fetal effects on birth weight. Knowledge of the underlying causal genes is crucial to understand how these loci influence birth weight and the links between infant and adult morbidity. Numerous monogenic developmental syndromes are associated with birth weights at the extreme ends of the distribution. Genes implicated in those syndromes may provide valuable information to prioritize candidate genes at the GWAS loci. We examined the proximity of genes implicated in developmental disorders (DDs) to birth weight GWAS loci using simulations to test whether they fall disproportionately close to the GWAS loci. We found birth weight GWAS single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) fall closer to such genes than expected both when the DD gene is the nearest gene to the birth weight SNP and also when examining all genes within 258 kb of the SNP. This enrichment was driven by genes causing monogenic DDs with dominant modes of inheritance. We found examples of SNPs in the intron of one gene marking plausible effects via different nearby genes, highlighting the closest gene to the SNP not necessarily being the functionally relevant gene. This is the first application of this approach to birth weight, which has helped identify GWAS loci likely to have direct fetal effects on birth weight, which could not previously be classified as fetal or maternal owing to insufficient statistical power.
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Borremans, Benny, Vincent Sluydts, Rhodes H. Makundi, and Herwig Leirs. "Evaluation of short-, mid- and long-term effects of toe clipping on a wild rodent." Wildlife Research 42, no. 2 (2015): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14109.

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Context Toe clipping is a widely used method for permanent marking of small mammals, but its effects are not well known, despite the ethical and scientific implications. Most studies do not find any clear effects, but there is some indication that toe clipping can affect survival in specific cases. Although effects on survival are arguably the most important, more subtle effects are also plausible, yet very few studies have included body condition and none has investigated effects on mobility. Aims We analysed the effects of toe clipping on free-living Mastomys natalensis, a common, morphologically and behaviourally intermediate small rodent. Methods Using a 17-year capture–mark–recapture dataset, we compared movement, body weight and survival between newly and previously clipped animals, and tested whether any of these parameters correlated with the number of clipped toes. Key results No evidence for a correlation between total number of clips and any of the variables was found. Newly clipped animals had a slightly smaller weight change and larger travel distance than did those that were already clipped, and we show that this is most likely due to stress caused by being captured, clipped and handled for the first time rather than to the actual clipping. Conclusions The combination of trapping, handling and marking has a detectable effect on multimammate mice; however, there is no evidence for a clear effect of toe clipping. Implications Our study suggests a re-evaluation of ethical guidelines on small-mammal experiments, so as to reach a rational, fact-based decision on which marking method to use.
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Schinckel, Allan P., Paul Preckel, Kenneth Foster, Nathanel Thompson, and Francisco Cabezón. "113 Current status of marking hogs in North America and future potential for refinement." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (November 2, 2020): 44–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.080.

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Abstract Pork processors use marketing grids in which carcasses heavier or lighter than specified carcass weights (CW) are discounted in value. In North America most processors discount pigs further from the ideal CW at an increasing rate. To reduce sort loss, most commercial producers visually evaluate the body weight (BW) of each pig and try to identify the heaviest pigs in each pen for marketing on two- to four-day marketing windows. Carcass premiums/discounts are based on a predicted “percent lean” estimated using measurements of backfat depth and loin muscle depth. Usually, the premium for leanness has a nonlinear relationship with predicted percent lean. Optimal marketing maximizes daily return above variable costs including daily feed cost. Implementation requires that producers know: feed efficiency of their pigs relative to BW, variation in growth rates and BW amongst pigs within the herd, and the relationship between carcass leanness and CW. Sorting accuracy for marketing impacts the distribution of CWs, the sort loss, and depending on CW discounts, the optimal market BW’s. Thus, sorting decisions are interrelated with marketing decisions. In three large barns, percentages of pigs sold correctly for the first two marketing cuts were 56, 48, and 52%, and differences in sort loss increased to $5.74/pig as mean CW increased. Methods have been developed to evaluate sorting accuracy. Pork processors have an optimal distribution of cut weights and sizes to maximize their daily returns above costs. Current marketing systems provide little incentive for commercial producers to reduce the variation in CW and subsequent cut weights and do not optimize the distribution of CWs. Next steps are to implement the state-of-the-art decision making on test farms, evaluate performance, refine and replicate a successful platform. To satisfy heterogeneous consumer demand at minimum cost joint optimization of farm production with wholesale marketing will be required.
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Hinch, GN, JJ Lynch, JV Nolan, RA Leng, BM Bindon, and LR Piper. "Supplementation of high fecundity Border Leicester x Merino ewes with a high protein feed: its effect on lamb survival." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 36, no. 2 (1996): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9960129.

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Two hundred and fifty Border Leicester x Merino ewes (40% heterozygous for the Booroola Fec B gene) were used in an experiment, replicated over 2 years, to examine the effects of cottonseed meal-based supplementation on lamb survival, birth, marking and weaning weight, as well as, liveweight and fleece characteristics of ewes. From 50 to 100 days of pregnancy, half of the ewes were supplemented with 80 g/head.day. The supplemented group was then split according to litter size and, until 30 days after lambing, were offered pellets at 80, 160 and 220 g/head .day, respectively, for ewes bearing single, twin and triplet (or more) lambs. Over the 2 years, ewes averaged 2.11 lambs per parturition and supplementation significantly increased lamb survival to weaning (73 v. 58%) with no interaction with litter size. Although supplementation had a positive effect on birth weight of all but twins, the effects of supplementation on survival were independent of birth weight effects. Significant effects of year, sire breed and litter size on lamb survival and birth weight were also noted. No effects of supplementation were apparent on lamb growth while ewe age, sire breed, sex and rearing rank all significantly influenced growth rates. Ewe weights, fleece weights and staple strength were significantly influenced by year, ewe age and litter size but not by supplementation. These findings indicate the benefits to lamb survival of providing a 'bypass' protein supplement to high fecundity flocks even when ewes are grazing good quality pastures.
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Robertson, S. M., M. A. Friend, and B. J. King. "Mild congenital goitre increases lamb mortality in southern New South Wales." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 7 (2008): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08005.

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Congenital goitre, symptomatic of iodine deficiency, can be associated with elevated levels of lamb mortality. This study details an outbreak east of Wagga Wagga in southern NSW, where goitre has previously not been documented. Measurements were taken on flocks at two sites near Ladysmith. Up to 82% of dead lambs had thyroid : weight ratios of more than 0.4 g/kg bodyweight, potentially large enough to affect survival. Up to 16% of lambs surviving to marking had enlarged thyroids (i.e. estimated by palpation). Lambs with enlarged thyroids may be more prone to dystocia, with ewes requiring assistance at delivery. Sex and birthweight were not related to thyroid size, but of lambs surviving to marking, a greater proportion of Merino than crossbred lambs had enlarged thyroids. At the second site, growth rate from birth to marking but not to weaning was reduced in lambs with higher thyroid scores. The high incidence of goitre in these flocks suggests that iodine deficiency may be an important factor in lamb mortality in some years in this region, but is unlikely to be detected due to the relatively small degree of thyroid enlargement.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Marking weight"

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Lambert, Anne. "La protéolyse par les bactéries du rumen : étude dynamique de la libération et de l'utilisation des peptides caractérisés par leur poids moléculaire." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL085N.

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L’ensemble de ce travail vise à améliorer la compréhension des mécanismes conduisant à la libération, l'accumulation et l'utilisation des peptides par les bactéries. Afin d'étudier l'effet de la taille des peptides sur leur dégradation et leur prélèvement, nous avons réalisé différentes mesures cinétiques, in vitro puis in vivo. Pour les études in vitro, en ajoutant à un hydrolysat protéique total non marqué différentes fractions marquées extraites d'un hydrolysat similaire, et caractérisées par leur poids moléculaire, nous avons pu suivre le devenir successivement le devenir de chacune de ces fractions au sein d'un mélange complexe de peptides. In vitro, les peptides de faibles poids moléculaires (1 000 à 2 000 Da) sont assimilables beaucoup plus rapidement que les peptides les plus longs (5 000 à 10 000 Da). Les taux de disparition du marquage diffèrent aussi pour chaque fraction. Les peptides les plus longs disparaissent plus rapidement que les moyens, eux-mêmes hydrolysés plus rapidement que les petits. Le prélèvement des petits peptides semble être l'étape limitant l'utilisation de l'ensemble des peptides par les bactéries. Grâce à une cinétique d'hydrolyse de poids marqué au ¹⁵N in vivo, il a été possible de compléter le travail réalisé in vitro. La vitesse d'hydrolyse des protéines en peptides est un peu plus influencée par une diminution de l'accessibilité des protéines aux enzymes que par un apport plus élevé d'azote soluble. Le prélèvement des peptides de moins de 1 000 Da se révèle à nouveau être l'étape limitant de l'utilisation des peptides pris dans leur ensemble. La dégradation in sacco du poids montre que l'essentiel de l'azote contenu dans celui-ci disparait en 2 heures. 65% de l'azote total est constitué d'azote rapidement soluble et/ou fermentescible. Sa disparition est aussi observée sur les profils électrophorétiques réalisés à partir des protéines résiduelles et se répercute sur les quantités de peptides obtenues après hydrolyse enzymatique. In sacco, la majeure partie des peptides libérables par hydrolyse d'une source protéique donnée semble donc l'être dans les deux heures suivant l'ingestion de cette source, à partir d'azote rapidement fermentescible. L’originalite de notre travail est d'avoir cherche à déterminer à quel niveau de la chaine d'hydrolyse se produit l'accumulation et donc à mieux cerner les facteurs limitant de l'utilisation de l'azote protéique par les bactéries. Ceci a été permis grâce à l'utilisation combinée de deux techniques souvent employées séparément : marquage des peptides et séparation par tamisage moléculaire.
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Thomas, Craig W. "Current practices and future possibilities of performance recording extensively-grazed commercial beef herds in New Zealand." Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/844.

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There is little evidence that the productivity of New Zealand beef herds has improved over time. Data from the NZ Meat and Wool Board’s Economic Service (2006) suggest that the average national calving percentage has declined over the last two decades. During the same period cattle carcass weights have increased but so too has the average cow live-weight which has resulted in increased maintenance costs of the cow herds. It is unclear whether production efficiency in the industry has improved or declined over time. The aim of this research was to develop means of improving productivity in commercial beef herds through practical methods of performance recording. The objectives were firstly to establish current management practices in commercial herds and secondly to develop an objective system for cow selection and culling which would have practical application in commercial herds. Beef management survey Ninety two commercial beef producers with more than 100 breeding cows from the greater Canterbury region of New Zealand were surveyed. Pasture control was the main reason given for owning a beef herd. Size and conformation were the main selection criteria for choosing replacement heifers and bulls. Over 80% of herds retained their own heifers as replacements and >60% mated yearling heifers to first calve at two years of age. Fertility was poor in the surveyed herds. In-calf rates at pregnancy testing averaged 88% for maiden heifers, 92% for rising second calvers and 93% for mixed age (m.a.) cows. There was no significant difference between in-calf rates of maiden heifers mated to first calve at two or three years of age; nor was there any significant difference between the re-breeding success of the two groups. Heifers mated at least one week earlier than m.a. cows, achieved a re-breeding success 4.7% greater (P<.01) than those mated at the same time. Reasons for cows not weaning a calf included wet dry (9.3% of pregnant cows wintered), pregnancy tested not-in-calf (7.4%) and dam death (2.6%). Only 87.9% of pregnant females wintered weaned a calf (89.4% of m.a. cows and 84.9% of heifers). Reasons why cows exited the herds included diagnosed empty (37.2% of all exits), involuntary culls (25.4%), sold wet dry (16.2%), deaths (13.1%) and poor calf production (5.1%). Vaccination was infrequent with clostridial vaccines the most common in m.a. cows (15.2%) and in calves (40.7%); vaccination against Leptospirosis was much less common. Very few of the surveyed farms used any system of performance recording; as a result there was very little performance-based selection or culling practiced. Evaluation of alternative measures of cow productivity Data from four performance recording beef herds were used to compare alternative measures of cow productivity with the industry standard which is calf weaning weight adjusted for sex (SOC) and age of calf and age of dam (AOD), i.e. the “200 day weight.” None of the alternative measures evaluated required knowledge of calving date and all were relatively easily obtainable in extensively managed beef herds. The assessment of cows was based not on their estimated breeding values but instead on their most probable producing ability which, as the sum of all of the permanent, repeatable aspects of the calf-rearing ability of the cow, explains considerably more of the variance of weaning weight than does breeding value alone. SOC and AOD-adjusted marking weight, weaning weight and average daily gain (ADG) between marking and weaning were the traits mostly highly correlated with the 200d wt of calves (r = 0.68, 0.90 and 0.74. respectively). An Extensively- Grazed-Cow-Weaning-Index of these three indicator traits was found to be more highly correlated than any of the individual traits on their own (r = 0.94). Index weights for the three indicator traits were calculated within each herd and then those within-herd index weights were regressed on readily obtainable herd descriptive variables to obtain a regression equation that could predict index weights for any herd. When the model was applied to data from two additional herd years not included in the original model, the EGCW Index was highly correlated with the 200d weights (r>0.90). Performance-based culling of previously unselected commercial beef herds based on the EGCW Index will result in improved productivity due to the moderately high repeatability of calf weaning weight. Objective data from extensively grazed commercial herds will also make possible the use of commercial herd data in genetic evaluations of herd sires.
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Wagrelius, Oskar, and Sara Eriksson. "Is fat the new skinny? : A study on weight and perception of models in green marketing." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-37102.

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Title: Is fat the new skinny? A study on weight and perception of models in green marketing. Date: 2018-05-22 Level: Bachelor Thesis in International Marketing Author: Oskar Wagrelius & Sara Eriksson Supervisor: Ulf Aagerup Problem formulation: How does the perceived weight and warmth/competence of a model in green marketing affect sales through perceived greenness and attractiveness? Purpose: The purpose of this study is to increase the knowledge, for brands being green, about how the choice of models in their advertisement will impact the brand's perception and affect greenness, attractiveness, and sales. The goal is to understand if the choice of a diverse model (considering weight) might be more effective considering green marketing and brands who want to be perceived as warm and/or competent. Theoretical framework: In this thesis, the theoretical framework is made up of existing theories on brand positioning, brand identity, consumer behavior, the perception of people and the usage of models. Methodology: This thesis is conducted with a deductive approach through a quantitative study made up of 131 respondents since non-coffee drinkers and non-coffee buying respondents as well as, non-Swedish people were excluded from participating. A total of 160 people responded to the online survey. The groups were randomized as to which one of four different surveys they got to answer. Secondary sources are scientific articles and books, journals as well as websites since the topic is in an academic viewpoint under-researched. Empirical findings: This thesis and its findings consist of an analysis of the quantitative study which is presented through theoretical models, figures, diagrams and tables as well as text. Conclusion: The findings in this thesis shows that green products have a higher purchase propensity than neutral products. Therefore the first assumption is considered to be true. The second and third assumptions are however falsified through the findings that a brands (being either warm or competent) choice of model will not affect the perceived greenness, attractiveness or sales.
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Amos, Clinton L. "The Impact of Visceral Influences on Consumers' Evaluation of Weight Loss Advertising." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc6138/.

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The weight loss industry has come under fire from the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) in recent years due to consumer claims that many firms, marketing weight loss products, are using advertisements in an attempt to deceive consumers. Illegitimate weight loss claims have created so much concern that a White Paper call-to-action to investigate misleading weight loss advertisements has been filed. Despite recent interest, little attention has been garnered concerning the understanding of why consumers respond to potentially misleading weight loss claims. Intuitively, an understanding of why consumers fall prey to weight loss claims may aid academics, practitioners, and policy makers as they make important decisions relative to the weight loss industry and its practices. This study fills that void by applying a theory of visceral influences (TVI) to the context of weight loss advertising. Loewenstein's TVI was developed to aid in explaining why consumers make decisions contrary to their long-term self-interest. Visceral influences are drive states that have a direct hedonic impact, have an effect on the relative desirability of various goods and activities, and consequently, have a strong influence over the decisions consumers make. Common visceral cues (cues associated with any reward linked to a visceral factor) include proximity of reward, vividness of reward, and visual priming. To adequately test TVI in the context of weight loss advertising, a two step approach was used. First, advertiser intent was assessed through content analysis of weight loss advertisements. Second, composite advertisements were created from the content analysis to assess subject response to visceral cues common in weight loss advertising. MANOVA results show that the presence of visceral cues affected subjects' thoughts, buying impulse, affective reaction, intentions, and product evaluation. This research makes the following contributions. First, it addresses an area of public policy where there is a need for research to shape future legislation. Second, it provides an initial empirical examination of the effects of visceral cues on subjects' providing a foundation for further application and theory building. Third, it reveals that visceral cues effects are moderated by an individual's level of involvement with a reward.
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Smith, Karen Ann. "Dancing on the edge of truth: A study of weight-loss advertising and implication." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1401.

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Norton, Charles W. "Weighted grading practice perceptions of the effect by high school counselors /." Online version, 2008. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2008/2008nortonc.pdf.

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Ernst, Robin Tracy. "Virginia feeder cattle basis by season, location, sex, breed, weight and USDA grade differentials." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44632.

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Explanatory feeder cattle basis models were developed for 16 different Virginia markets by season, futures contract month, weight, lot size, sex, breed and USDA grade differentials. The models are more disaggregated and explain up to 80 percent more of feeder cattle basis variation than any previous research. Since the variables in these explanatory models are all known in advance, these basis models are also predictive. Basis estimates from these models make it possible for a Virginia feeder cattle forward pricing agency to offer forward price and minimum price contracts to small size operators.


Master of Science
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Yehia, Badawy Elmoghazy Ahmed. "SELECTION FOR OVULATION RATE AND LITTER SIZE IN RABBITS." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73265.

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[EN] The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the productive performance of a rabbit line (OR-LS) selected by ovulation rate during first 6 generations (period 1), and later by ovulation rate (OR) and litter size (LS) during 11 generations using independent culling levels (Period 2). Genetic parameters, direct response for OR and LS and the correlated response for embryo (ES), foetal (FS) and prenatal survival (PS) were estimated. Also, the correlated response on growth rates (GR), weaning (WW) and marketing weight (MW) were estimated. The objective of chapter 3 was to estimate the genetic parameters of the productive traits and the response to selection by OR and LS of OR-LS line. For traits analysis, Bayesian methods were used. Heritability values of litter size traits were low, 0.10, 0.07, 0.07 and 0.07 for litter size, number of born alive (NBA), number of kits at weaning (NW) and marketing (NM), respectively. Heritability for OR was moderate (0.25), while it was low (0.13 and 0.14) for number of implanted embryos (IE) and number of live foetuses at 12 days of gestation (LF12), respectively. Low heritability values for survival traits were found, 0.09 for embryo survival (ES), 0.16 for foetal survival (FS) and 0.14 for prenatal survival (PS). In the second period, after 11 generations of selection by OR and LS, a genetic response of 0.17 kits per generation for LS was achieved. This response was higher than the obtained in period 1 (0.07 kits per generation), in which just selection by OR was performed. The opposite effect was found for OR; the highest response for OR appeared in the first period (0.24 ova per generation) versus the second period (0.17 ova per generation). This reduction in OR response can be due to the decrease in selection differential during the second period of selection. Since high genetic correlations were obtained for LS and other litter size traits, a positive correlated response was observed for NBA, NW and NM (0.12, 0.12 and 0.11 kits per generation, respectively) in the second period. In the first period, no correlated response on ES was observed and a decrease in FS (-0.04) was found. Nevertheless, in the second period a correlated response on PS appeared due to an improvement in both ES (0.04) and FS (0.03). Summarizing, the improvement in litter size in the second period is due to an increase in ovulation rate as well as an increase in prenatal survival. The objective of chapter 4 was to study the correlated response on growth traits in the OR-LS line in both periods of selection, the selection by OR during six generations and the selection by independent levels by OR and LS during 11 generations. The heritability estimates were low for weaning weight (WW), marketing weight (MW) and growth rate (GR), 0.09, 0.13 and 0.14, respectively. The estimated genetic correlations of WW, GR and MW with LS were around zero and with OR were positive and from low (0.19) to moderate (0.38). The positive moderate genetic correlation estimated between OR and MW could explain the correlated response found in MW. Correlated response on WW could be explained by positive and high genetic correlation between MW and WW. The aim of chapter 5 was to investigate magnitude and timing of embryo and early foetal survival in females with high OR using hormonal treatment as a model for selection by OR. Two groups of females (treated and untreated) were used. Treated females were injected with 50 IU eCG 48 hours before mating. Females were slaughtered at day 18 of gestation. OR, IE, LF12 and LF18 were recorded. Besides, ES (IE/OR), FSLF18 (LF18/IE), FSLF18/LF12 (LF18/LF12) and PSLF18 (LF18/OR) were estimated. Treated females had a higher OR than untreated females. According to the previous results for OR and LF18, treated females showed a lower survival rate from ovulation to 18 d of gestation. Treated females also had lower embryo and foetal survival. Main difference in foetal survival appeared from day 12 to 18 of gestation.
[ES] El objetivo de esta tesis fue evaluar el tamaño de camada de una línea de conejo seleccionada por tasa de ovulación durante las primeras seis generaciones (periodo 1) y después por tasa de ovulación (OR) y tamaño de camada (LS) durante 11 generaciones mediante el método de niveles independientes (periodo 2). Se estimaron los parámetros genéticos, así como la respuesta en OR y LS y la respuesta correlacionada en los caracteres reproductivos (capítulo 3). Además, se evaluó la respuesta correlacionada en los caracteres de crecimiento (capítulo 4); peso al destete (WW), peso al sacrificio (MW) y ganancia de peso entre el destete y el sacrificio (GR). Para el análisis de los caracteres se utilizaron métodos bayesianos. El objetivo del capítulo 3 fue estimar los parámetros genéticos de los caracteres reproductivos y la respuesta a la selección. Los valores de heredabilidad de los caracteres del tamaño de camada fueron bajos (alrededor de 0.10). La heredabilidad estimada para OR fue moderada (0.25), mientras que fue baja para el número de embriones implantados (IE) y el número de fetos vivos a los 12 días de gestación (LF12). Se obtuvieron valores bajos de heredabilidad; 0.09 para la supervivencia embrionaria (ES), 0.16 para la supervivencia fetal (FS) y 0.14 para la supervivencia prenatal (PS). En el periodo 2, se obtuvo una respuesta genética de 0.17 gazapos por generación para LS. Esta respuesta fue mayor que la obtenida en el periodo 1. En el caso de la tasa de ovulación, la mayor respuesta en OR se obtuvo en el periodo 1 (0.24 óvulos por generación) versus (0.17 óvulos por generación) en el periodo 2. Esta reducción en la respuesta de OR se puede atribuir a la disminución del diferencial de selección durante el período 2 de selección. De acuerdo con la alta correlación genética entre LS y otros caracteres del tamaño de camada, también se observó una respuesta correlacionada positiva en el número de nacidos vivos (NBA), destetados (NW) y comercializados (NM); 0.12, 0.12 y 0.11 gazapos por generación, respectivamente, en el segundo periodo. En el primer periodo no se observa respuesta correlacionada en la SE y se produce una disminución de la SF (-0.04). Sin embargo, en el segundo periodo se produce una respuesta correlacionada positiva en la SP que se debe a una mejora de la SE (0.04) y SF (0.03). En resumen, la mejora del tamaño de camada en el segundo periodo se debe tanto a un aumento de la tasa de ovulación como a un aumento de la supervivencia prenatal. El objetivo del capítulo 4 fue estudiar la respuesta correlacionada en los caracteres de crecimiento en esta línea. Las estimas de heredabilidad fueron bajas para los caracteres WW (0.09), MW (0.13) y GR (0.14). Las correlaciones genéticas estimadas de LS con WW, MW y GR fueron cercanas a cero; con la tasa de ovulación, las correlaciones fueron positivas y variaban de bajas a moderadas (de 0.19 a 0.38). La correlación genética moderada entre OR y MW podría explicar la respuesta correlacionada observada en MW. La alta correlación entre MW y WW podría explicar la respuesta correlacionada obtenida para WW. Finalmente, el objetivo de capítulo 5 fue estudiar en hembras con alta tasa de ovulación en qué momento se producen las mayores pérdidas fetales y cómo se ve afectado el desarrollo fetal. Para ello, de un total de 51 hembras, 24 hembras fueron pinchadas con 50 UI de eCG 48 horas antes de la cubrición para aumentar la tasa de ovulación. Las hembras fueron sacrificadas a los 18 días de gestación. Se registró OR, IE y el número de fetos vivos a los 12 y 18 días de gestación (LF18). Las hembras tratadas tuvieron una tasa de ovulación mayor que las no tratadas. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos para OR y LF18, las hembras tratadas mostraron una supervivencia más baja desde la ovulación hasta los 18 días de gestación y tuvieron una menor supervivencia embrionaria y fetal. Las principales diferencias en l
[CAT] L'objectiu d'esta tesi va ser avaluar la millora de la grandària de ventrada d'una línia de conill seleccionada per tasa d'ovulació durant les primeres sis generacions (període 1) i després per tasa d'ovulació (OR) i la grandària de ventrada (LS) durant 11 generacions per mitjà del mètode de nivells independents (període 2). Es van estimar els paràmetres genètics, així com la resposta en OR i LS i la resposta correlacionada en caràcters reproductius (capítol 3). A més, es va estudiar la resposta correlacionada en els caràcters de creixement (capítol 4); pes al deslletament (WW), pes al sacrifici (MW) i guany de pes entre el deslletament y el sacrifici (GR). Per a l'anàlisi dels caràcters es van utilitzar mètodes bayesians. L'objectiu del capítol 3 va ser estimar els paràmetres genètics dels caràcters reproductius i la resposta a la selecció. Els valors d'heretabilitat dels caràcters de la grandària de ventrada van ser baixos (al voltant de 0.10). L'heretabilitat estimada per a OR va ser moderada (0.25), mentres que va ser baixa per al nombre d'embrions implantats (IE) i el nombre de fetus vius als 12 dies de gestació (LF12). Es van obtindre valors baixos d'heretabilitat; 0.09 per a ES, 0.16 per a FS i 0.14 per a PS. En el període 2, es va obtindre una resposta genètica de 0.17 llorigons per generació per a LS. Esta resposta va ser major que l'obtinguda en el període 1. En el cas de la tasa d'ovulació, la major resposta per a OR va ser en el primer període (0.24 òvuls per generació) versus (0.17 òvuls per generació) en el període 2. Esta reducció en la resposta d'OR es pot atribuir a la disminució del diferencial de selecció durant el període 2 de selecció. Donada l'alta correlació genètica entre LS i altres caràcters de la grandària de ventrada, també es va observar una resposta correlacionada positiva en el nombre de nascuts vius (NBA), deslletats (NW) i comercialitzats (NM); 0.12, 0.12 i 0.11 llorigons per generació, respectivament, en el segon període. En el primer període no s'observa resposta correlacionada en la SE i es produeix una disminució de la SF (-0.04). No obstant això, en el segon període es produeix una resposta correlacionada en la SP que es deu a una millora de la SE (0.04) i SF (0.03). En resum, la millora de la grandària de ventrada en el segon període es deu tant a un augment de la tasa d'ovulació com a un augment de la supervivència prenatal. L'objectiu del capítol 4 va ser estudiar la resposta correlacionada en els caràcters de creixement en aquesta línia. Les estimes d'heretabilitat van ser baixes per als caràcters WW (0.09), MW (0.13) i GR (0.14). Les correlacions genètiques estimades de LS amb WW, MW i GR van ser pròximes a zero; amb la tasa d'ovulació, les correlacions van ser positives i variaven de baixes a moderades (de 0.19 a 0.38). La correlació genètica moderada entre OR i MW podria explicar la resposta correlacionada trobada per a MW. D'altra banda, l'alta correlació entre MW i WW podria explicar la resposta correlacionada obtinguda per a WW. Finalment. l'objectiu del capítol 5 va ser estudiar en femelles amb alta tasa d'ovulació en quin moment es van produir les majors pèrdues fetals i com es veu afectat el desenvolupament fetal. Per a això, d'un total de 51 femelles, 24 femelles van ser punxades amb 50 UI d'eCG 48 hores abans del cobriment per a augmentar la tasa d'ovulació. Les femelles van ser sacrificades al 18 dies de gestació. Es va registrar OR, IE i el nombre de fetus vius al 12 i 18 dies de gestació (LF18). Les femelles tractades van tindre una tasa d'ovulació major que les no tractades. D¿acord als resultats obtinguts per OR i LF18, les femelles tractades van mostrar una supervivència més baixa des de l'ovulació fins als 18 dies de gestació i van tindre una menor supervivència embrionària i fetal. Les principals diferències en la supervivència fetal van aparèixer entre els dies 12 i 18 de gestaci
Yehia Badawy Elmoghazy, A. (2016). SELECTION FOR OVULATION RATE AND LITTER SIZE IN RABBITS [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/73265
TESIS
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Sarge, Melanie Ann. "Are Your Eyes Really Bigger Than Your Stomach? An Investigation of the Importance of Selective Exposure to Weight Management Articles Featuring Exemplification and Conveying Efficacy for Potential Weight Management Belief and Behavior Change." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345227600.

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Michaels, Jon. "A comparison of two normative choice formulations: The Shapley Value versus the weighted additive rule." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288952.

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The Shapley Value, a cooperative game theory model, is adapted for use as a category preference measure in marketing. The model collects overall ratings for bundles of choices. These are then decomposed into individual preference scores by estimating the average marginal contribution of each choice over all applicable bundles. The technique provides a holistic rating alternative to constant sum for estimating preferences. It is applicable where choices are disparate, incommensurable, and apportionment difficult, where the questioning might gain from indirection or obfuscation, or where unambiguous attribute sets are not available. It provides a metric in circumstances when respondents are reluctant to choose between alternatives, but when one can elicit ratings (that do not appear to yield preference orderings). The Shapley Value is compared to weighted additive and indirect share preference models based upon proximity to a constant sum standard. Proximity is measured by two distance metrics: a Euclidean distance and a directional cosine (correlation) measure. Statistical testing demonstrates that Shapley Value is significantly closer to constant sum than either weighted additive or indirect share in two categories--fast food restaurants and actors in Seinfeld. Testing was conducted in a computer-aided laboratory setting. Subjects were 93 undergraduate business majors enrolled in an introductory marketing course. They were compensated for their participation with both a monetary and course credit incentives.
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Books on the topic "Marking weight"

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Enterprises, Marketdata. The U.S. weight loss market: Year 2002 status report : a marketing and competitive analysis. Tampa, Fla: Marketdata Enterprises, 2002.

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Traub, Larry G. Value-weighted quantity indices of exports for high-value processed agricultural products. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 1991.

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Isaac, Rani. How population growth estimates affect housing market projections: Will economic growth hold up under the weight of the housing correction? Sacramento, CA: California State Library, California Research Bureau, 2007.

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Sahay, Arvind. Weighted-additive versus reference-dependent models of bundle evaluation: Evidence from discount framing on product bundles with surcharges. Ahmedabad: Indian Institute of Management, 2014.

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Industry, Great Britain Department of Trade and. Metrication: Implementation of the Units of Measurement Directive 89/617/EEC : proposals for amending weights and measures, units of measurement and price marking legislation - a consultative document. London: Department of Trade and Industry, 1992.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Insurance. Protecting consumers from false and deceptive advertising of weight-loss products: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Insurance of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, second session, June 17, 2014. Washington: U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2015.

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Body-for-LIFE for women: A woman's plan for physical and mental transformation. Emmaus, Penn: Rodale, 2005.

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Sæbø, Kjell Johan. Information Structure and Presupposition. Edited by Caroline Féry and Shinichiro Ishihara. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642670.013.012.

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This article surveys and discusses the core points of contact between notions of information structure and notions of presupposition. Section 1 is devoted to the ‘weak’ presuppositional semantics for focus developed by Mats Rooth, describing its properties with regard to verification and accommodation and showing that it can successfully account for a wide range of phenomena. Section 2 examines the stronger thesis that focus–background structures give rise to existential presuppositions, and finds the counterarguments that have been raised to carry considerable weight. Section 3 looks into the relationship between Givenness and run-of-the-mill presuppositions, finding that this relationship is looser than might be expected, mainly because a presupposition may be in need of focus marking instead of givenness marking.
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The Weights and Measures (Quantity Marking and Abbreviations of Units) (Statutory Instruments: 1987: 1538). Stationery Office Books, 1987.

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Weights and Measures: Quantity Marking and Abbreviations of Units Regulations (Statutory Rule: 1999: 84). Stationery Office Books, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Marking weight"

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Sasano, Isao, Mizuhito Ogawa, and Zhenjiang Hu. "Maximum Marking Problems with Accumulative Weight Functions." In Theoretical Aspects of Computing – ICTAC 2005, 562–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11560647_37.

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Umbach, Günter. "Ausgewählte weiche Erfolgsfaktoren." In Erfolgreich im Pharma-Marketing, 251–55. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-6559-2_13.

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Umbach, Günter. "Ausgewählte weiche Erfolgsfaktoren." In Erfolgreich im Pharma-Marketing, 319–23. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-18482-7_13.

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Umbach, Günter. "Teil M Ausgewählte weiche Erfolgsfaktoren." In Erfolgreich im Pharma-Marketing, 295–99. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-4571-6_13.

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Kim, Jonathan S., and Paul E. Green. "Replicated Weights Determination in the Synclus Optimal Variable Weights Clustering Procedure." In Proceedings of the 1993 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference, 350–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13159-7_80.

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Gemmrich, Armin R., and Ellen Bezner. "Nachhaltigkeit im Weingut. Nachhaltigkeit im Marketing." In Weinmarketing, 399–417. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-6450-2_19.

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Parkinson, Joy, Sharyn Rundle-Thiele, and Margaret Allman-Farinelli. "Commercial Weight Loss Programs Changing Eating Behaviors for Good." In Marketing at the Confluence between Entertainment and Analytics, 45–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47331-4_11.

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Lamb, Steven W., and Samuel C. Certo. "A Comparison Via Replication Analysis of Predictive Models of Real Estate Selling Prices, Multiple Correlation Weights Versus Simple Correlation Weights." In Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science, 200–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16976-7_48.

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Schaffer, Catherine M. "Importance Weight Sensitivity in the Hybrid Conjoint Model." In Proceedings of the 1990 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference, 390–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13254-9_77.

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Desrochers, Debra M., and Stephan Dahl. "Addressing Childhood & Adolescent Obesity: Misperceptions of Weight Status." In Marketing Dynamism & Sustainability: Things Change, Things Stay the Same…, 608–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10912-1_197.

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Conference papers on the topic "Marking weight"

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Songpo Zhang, Jiming Sa, Jian Liu, and Shaoyun Wu. "An improved RED algorithm with sinusoidal packet-marking probability and dynamic weight." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering (ICEICE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceice.2011.5777269.

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Ranganathan, Ananth, David Ilstrup, and Tao Wu. "Light-weight localization for vehicles using road markings." In 2013 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2013.6696460.

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He, Zhou, Zhiwu Li, and Alessandro Giua. "Marking optimization of deterministic timed weighted marked graphs." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/coase.2014.6899358.

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Westwater-Wood, Sarah, Alison Mostyn, Andy Meal, and Ayoola MacJay. "THE IMPACT OF A WEIGHTED MARKING CRITERIA DOMAIN RUBRIC IN MARKING – A PILOT STUDY FROM THE SCHOOL OF HEALTH SCIENCES." In 10th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2018.1232.

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Spichak, Alena, Galina Glembotskaya, Galina Varenykh, and Irina Zhirova. "Marketing Analysis of the Pharmaceutical Market of Drugs for Weight Disorder Treatment." In Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium Innovations in Life Sciences (ISILS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isils-19.2019.78.

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Ma, Ziyue, Zhiwu Li, and Alessandro Giua. "Computation of admissible marking sets in weighted state machines by dynamic programming." In 2017 IEEE 56th Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2017.8264375.

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He, Zhou, Zhiwu Li, Isabel Demongodin, and Alessandro Giua. "Marking optimization of deterministic timed weighted marked graphs under infinite server semantics." In 2016 International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/codit.2016.7593525.

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Gomez-Munoz, Diana Consuelo, and Mario Castillo. "Determining the Weights of Marketing Mix Componenets Using Analytic Network Process." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2009.040.

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Donndelinger, Joseph, and Scott M. Ferguson. "Design for Marketing Mix: The Past, Present, and Future of Market-Driven Product Design." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-68275.

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The four Ps of the Marketing Mix are defined as Product, Price, Place and Promotion. The last forty years of engineering design research has seen an increased incorporation of preference into the design process in response to meeting the demands of each ‘P’. This incorporation began with surrogates of preference in Design for Product problem formulations where an objective (such as minimizing weight, for example) represented a firm’s desire to reduce cost and maximize profit. As our community progressed toward Design for Price problem formulations, we began to represent preferences both of the designer — using decision theory techniques — and of the customer — often in the form of random utility models that then informed models of demand. The Design for Market System special session was created in response to our transition to Design for Place, though much work remains to be done. The objective of this paper is to highlight the advancements of the community through the first two P’s (Product and Price) while also highlighting the need, and exciting research opportunities, that exist as we transition to Design for Place and Design for Promotion.
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Hou, Liang, Rongshen Lai, Haolun Wang, Yongming Wu, and Wei Huang. "Using FAHP and D-S Theory for Evaluating the State of the Product Family." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87551.

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It is crucial to properly evaluate the running state of the product family for the enterprises to determine the direction of product family evolution and establish the management strategies of R&D-production-marketing. In order to effectively evaluate the running state of the complex product family system in dynamic evolution with uncertainty factors, a comprehensive evaluation method of the product family state is proposed based on FAHP and the D-S Theory. Firstly, the issue of running state in the product family evolution process is analyzed from four aspects of engineering design, market demand-economy, production capacity and operations management, and on that basis, the comprehensive evaluation index system of the product family running state is established. Then, the weight coefficient of the index in each level is obtained using FAHP, and the qualitative and quantitative analysis methods are combined to make the evaluation process more objective, the evaluation rating of index in each level is calculated according to the D-S Theory, then the overall rating of the product family running state is acquired synthetically. Finally, the effectiveness of this method is verified by the case study of the running state of the small size wheel loader family.
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