Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Marking timing'

Arizona apple producers compete with Washington for fresh apple markets. As Arizona's apple production increases, its market share should also increase. Using quadratic programming to determine the spatial equilibrium between the wholesale markets of Los Angeles and Denver, the timing and quantity of apple sales from Arizona to these two wholesale markets are determined for current and potential fresh apple production in Arizona. The quadratic programming model is used to determine the feasibility of controlled atmosphere storage for Arizona. The quantity of apples sold monthly to Los Angeles and Denver wholesale markets are determined given restrictions on the percentage of the wholesale markets that Arizona apple producers could supply. Revenue from controlled atmosphere storage exceeds the variable costs associated with storage, marketing, and storage of apples.

This research looks at how interactive marketing can become more motivating for customers by designing it as a full game, not only by adding some game elements like in gamification. The result of the research gives marketers an alternative and complementary way of incorporating game design in marketing.The theory builds on fundamental online game elements and player types, assembled into a model for analysis also useful as a planning tool. The research conducted a qualitative case study of the Volvo XC90 First Edition campaign which gave insight on how game theories can be applied for more engaging interactions. Through dialogue with team members and an overview of design artefacts it showed that when all elements reinforce each other for a certain mix of player types, not only one type, it creates dynamics that strongly motivates the audience to interact. The data also revealed that when any of the fundamental elements are missing the result will not be as engaging, which confirms what have already been found in earlier research.
Denna studie undersöker hur interaktiv marknadsföring kan bli mer motiverande för kunderna genom att designa det som ett komplett spel, inte bara med några spelelement som i spelifiering. Resultatet ger marknadsförare ett alternativ och komplement till hur man kan använda teorier från speldesign för bättre interaktion. Teorin baseras på grundläggande spelelement och spelartyper som har satts samman i en analytisk modell, också användbar som ett planeringsverktyg. Studien genomfördes i en kvalitativ fallstudie av Volvo XC90 First Edition-kampanjen och gav insikt om hur spelteorier kan tillämpas. Genom dialog med medarbetare i kampanjens projektgrupp och en överblick över designartefakter visade det sig att när alla element förstärker varandra för en specifik mix av spelartyper, inte bara en typ av spelare, skapar det en dynamik som starkt motiverar målgruppen att interagera. Studien visade också att när några av de grundläggande elementen saknas blir inte interaktionen lika engagerande vilket bekräftar vad tidigare forskning hittat.

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This study aimed to analyze whether the market timing and stage of life cycle influence the decision to perform a Public Seasoned Equity Offerings (SEO) in Brazilian companies traded. The analysis focused on whether the probability of a company conduct a SEO is positively related to the index MB (market-to-book), size and stock returns and profitability prior to completion of SEO, and negatively related to the stage lifecycle, profitability and stock return after completion of SEO. Initially we sought to examine the influence of the index market-tobook and returns and future steps in conducting a SEO. dditionally, we sought to examine the influence of firm age and number of years listed in BMFBOVESPA in making an SEO. And, in parallel, we attempted to verify the relationship between SEO and realization of the variables size and profitability. The population consisted of all n-financial companies, publicly traded, with shares traded on the Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo - BM & FBOVESPA, in the period from 2002 to 2010. The model follows the methodology used by H. Deangelo, L. Deangelo and Stulz (2010). Analyzing whether there is a relationship between the logistics company conduct a SEO and variable rate market-to-book, stage of life cycle, past returns and future profitability and size. About the variables we can conclude that there is a relationship between the attainment of SEO content and market-to-book, firm size and profitability after the completion of SEO. The relationships of the variables expected market-to-book and size, were confirmed as positive, however the variable profitability after completion of SEO obtained a negative relationship, thus diverging from the expected. Therefore, hypotheses 1 and 5 of the thesis, that the probability of performing SEO is positively related to the index market-to-book and size, can not be rejected. Descriptive statistics already pointed in this direction, about 81% of the operations were performed by SEO companies that presented index market-to-book more than 1, which indicates some sort of recovery, and the largest proportion, about 55% of the achievements were made by companies that were with index greater than 2.10 MB. Regarding the size, descriptive statistics already presented a preliminary support when showed that most of the offers, about 51% were held by companies that met the range of values of total assets (14 Esta dissertação teve como objetivo analisar se o market timing e o estágio do ciclo de vida influenciam na decisão de realizar uma Oferta Pública de Distribuição de Ações Subsequentes (SEO) em empresas brasileiras de capital aberto. A análise se centrou em saber se a probabilidade de uma empresa realizar uma SEO está positivamente relacionada com o índice MB (market-to-book), tamanho e ao retorno acionário anterior à realização da SEO e negativamente relacionado ao estágio do ciclo de vida e ao retorno acionário posterior a realização da SEO. Inicialmente, buscou-se analisar a influência do índice market-to-book e dos retornos acionários passados e futuros na realização de uma SEO. Adicionalmente, procurou-se analisar a influência da idade da empresa e do número de anos listados na BM&FBOVESPA na realização de uma SEO e, paralelamente, verificar a relação entre a realização da SEO e a variável tamanho. A população foi composta por todas as empresas não-financeiras, de capital aberto, com ações negociadas na Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo BM&FBOVESPA, no período de 2002 a 2010. O modelo seguiu a metodologia utilizada por Deangelo, Deangelo e Stulz (2010), analisando se há uma relação logística entre a empresa realizar uma SEO e as variáveis índice market-to-book, estágio do ciclo de vida, retornos passados e futuros e tamanho. Quanto às variáveis, conclui-se que existe relação entre a realização da SEO, o índice market-to-book e o tamanho das empresas. As relações das varáveis market-to-book e tamanho foram positivas, como esperado. Diante disso, as hipóteses 1 e 5 da dissertação, de que a probabilidade de realização de SEO é positivamente relacionada ao índice market-to-book e tamanho, não podem ser rejeitadas. A estatística descritiva apontou que cerca de 81% das operações de SEO foram realizadas por empresas que apresentavam índice market-to-book superior a 1, o que indica algum tipo de valorização e a maior proporção. Cerca de 55% das realizações foram feitas por empresas que se encontravam com índice MB maior que 2,10. No tocante ao tamanho, a estatística descritiva também apresentou um suporte preliminar, quando evidenciou que cerca de 51% das ofertas, foram realizadas por empresas que se encontraram na faixa de valores do ativo total (14< log do ativo < 16). Por outro lado, não foram observadas evidências que confirmem a relação do estágio do ciclo de vida e retorno acionário, tanto no ano anterior quanto no ano subsequente à realização da SEO com a decisão de realizar uma oferta pública de distribuição de ações subsequente. Muito embora o estágio do ciclo de vida não tenha tido significância estatística, foram encontradas evidências, apontando que a grande maioria das SEO s, cerca de 57%, foram realizadas por empresas que possuem até 20 de constituição. Esses dados são corroborados, quando utilizou-se anos de listagem da BM&FBOVESPA como proxy alternativa para estágio do ciclo de vida. No tocante ao retorno acionário, observou-se uma média do retorno das ações de um ano antes da realização superior em comparação com os retornos das ações um ano após a realização da SEO e que as médias do retorno das ações no ano posterior das empresas que realizaram SEO e das empresas que não realizaram eram iguais. Em relação ao desempenho operacional, encontraram-se evidências de diferenças entre o ROA antes e após a realização da SEO e igualdade entre o ROA posterior de empresas emissoras e não-emissoras. Os resultados obtidos apontam na direção a favor da teoria do market timing como explicação para a realização de ofertas, ou seja, as empresas realizaram a SEO quando suas ações estavam valorizadas pelo mercado.

Syfte: Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att öka förståelsen för hur samhällets och teknikens senaste utveckling har bidragit med nya marknadsföringskanaler och vad detta innebär för företags marknadsföringsstrategier. Med detta syfte som utgångspunkt har tre forskningsfrågor formulerats för att avgränsa forskningen än mer: Hur kan smartphones som marknadsföringskanal hjälpa företag att precisera sin marknadsföring till kunden? På vilket sätt har den nya mobila tekniken, i form av smartphones, påverkat företags segmenteringsmöjligheter? Hur kan ett företag använda sig av smartphones, som ett verktyg för att hantera kundrelationer? Metod: Uppsatsen är resultatet av en kvalitativ studie med en huvudsaklig induktiv inriktning. Primärdatainsamlingen har skett genom kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer. Slutsats: Efter att ha undersökt detta ämne har vi dragit slutsatsen att valet av smartphones som kanal kan hjälpa företag att precisera sin marknadsföring genom att telefonen är tillgänglig och personlig för kunden. Därför menar vi att kunders integritet och acceptans kommer att vara avgörande faktorer och viktiga att beakta. Timing är en väsentlig del av precisionsmarknadsföringen och vi har därför presenterat två nya begrepp; företagsstyrd timing och kundstyrd timing. Smartphones har även bidragit med nya möjligheter för företag att segmentera marknaden där vi framhållit slutsatsen att plats och kontext torde vara nya segmenteringsvariabler för företag att beakta. Vår slutsats är även att smartphones är en fördelaktig kanal när det kommer till byggande och hantering av kundrelationer och vi har sett tendenser till att kunden umgås med varumärket på ett sätt som tidigare inte varit möjligt. Vi introducerar ett nytt begrepp, interaktionsintensiva kommunikationsenheter, där smartphones ses som den ledande enhetstypen idag. Nyckelord: Mobilmarknadsföring, smartphones, precisionsmarknadsföring, kundstyrd timing[1], segmentering, kontext, relevans, integritet, kundrelationer, interaktionsintensiva kommunikationsenheter[2] [1]Begreppet är av oss introducerat och utgör en del av en egengjord modell. Se s 58, kapitel 5.1.1 [2]Vi har valt att introducera detta begrepp som ett samlingsnamn för en ny typ av marknadsföringskanal. Se s. 63, kapitel 5.1.3
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to gain understanding of how the development of the society, as well as the technology, has increased the numbers of marketing channels and how they affect companies’ marketing strategies. In order to investigate this subject we have formulated three main questions: How can smartphones as a marketing channel help companies pinpoint their communication to the customer? How do smartphones affect companies' ability to segment the market? How can a company use smartphones, as a tool to manage customer relationships? Approach: We have done a qualitative study with an inductive approach. Primary data has been collected through seven qualitative semi-structured interviews with persons from different companies. Conclusions: After investigating this subject we have come to the conclusion that using smartphones as a marketing channel can help companies to pinpoint their marketing because of the device’s availability and because that the phone is personal to the customer. We mean that customers’ acceptance and integrity is very important to take into consideration and will be of great importance in how well companies will succeed in its use of smartphones as a marketing channel. Timing is another important question and we have therefore presented two new concepts; business-driven timing and customer-driven timing. Smartphones has also contributed with new strategies when it comes to market segmentation. We suggest place and context as new market segmentation variables so that companies could be able to find their customer in right place and in right time. We have also come to the conclusion that smartphones as a marketing channel is advantageous when it comes to building relationship to the customer and we have also seen tendencies that the customer socialize with the brand in a way that they has not been done before. We have also introduced a new concept, interactive communication devices, which is a name for a new type of marketing channels and where smartphones is the leading device today. Keywords: Mobile marketing, precision marketing, customer driven timing[3], market segmentation, context, relevance, integrity, brand, customer relationship, high interactive communication devices[4] [3]This is a new concept that we have introduced and is a part of a model that we have created. See page 58, chapter 5.1.1 [4]This is a new concept that we have introduced and is a concept for a new type of marketing channel, see page 63, chapter 5.1.3.

Knowing what to sell, when to sell, and to whom to sell is essential buyer behavior insight to allocate scarce marketing resources efficiently and effectively. Applying the theory of relationship marketing (Morgan and Hunt 1994), this study seeks to investigate the link between commitment and trust and firm adoption of radically innovative information technology (IT). The construct of radical innovation is operationalized through the use of cloud computing. A review of the vast scholarly literature on radical innovation diffusion and adoption, and modeling techniques used to analyze buyer behavior is followed by empirical estimation of each of the radical innovation adoption questions of purchase timing, brand choice, and purchase amount. Then, the inefficiencies in the independent model process are highlighted, suggesting the need for an integrated model. Next, an integrated model is developed to link the purchase timing, brand choice, and purchase amount decisions. The essay concludes with insight for marketing practitioners on the strength of the factors of commitment and trust on adoption of radical innovation, an improved methodology for the business-to-business marketing literature, and potential further research paths.

The existence of convenience yield has become an axiom in the analysis of intertemporal price relations for commodities. However, the link between the macro level convenience yield concept and the micro-level sell/store decisions of stock holders lacks empirical evidence. The main objective of the study is to establish the drivers behind timing and volume of stock holders' actual commodity sales and to establish whether the decision-making process can be linked to convenience yield. Regression analysis of intertemporal price spreads, monthly dummies and stocks for Hungarian com are performed both to establish the relevance of the convenience yield concept, and to confirm its relationship to stocks. The GSADF (Generalized Sup-ADF) method is applied on consecutive expiries of corn futures, in order to validate convenience yield related assumptions of explosiveness. An alternative explanation of the convenience yield concept formulated in the spatial-temporal interpretation of storage is also tested on a large volume of actual Hungarian com logistics data. Finally, a choice model with hypothetical sales scenarios, filled by a large sample of Hungarian farmers is performed in order to validate whether a two-step Heckman model offers a good approximation of the actual decision-making process behind stock sales. Both convenience yield's existence and its inverse relation to stocks are demonstrated for Hungarian com. However, evidence does not support the hypothesis that nearby prices show greater tendencies for bubble formation than later expiries. Contrary to expectations, spatial¬temporal storage conclusions are validated on Hungarian corn, as delivery distance to central markets does increase through the season. Some variables proposed are found to be individually significant in driving stock sales, and the expectation that selling is best explained by a two-step Heckman model is also partly confirmed. Besides testing existing models on the data of a new geography, it is the additional step taken towards real decision-makers, where this study of commodity sales is expected to contribute both to convenience yield theory and to our current knowledge of how the physical grain markets work.

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A presente dissertação analisa o desempenho de quarenta fundos mútuos de ações brasileiros no período de agosto de 1990 a maio de 1996. As ferramentas usadas na avaliação desses fundos foram as obtidas nos três modelos -clássicos de Treynor, Sharpe e Jensen e o Modelo de Treynor e Mazuy, que também analisa habilidade de market timing dos administradores dos fundos. Além disso, examinamos estratégia de construção e administração de fundos, bem como analisamos algumas características e classificações desses fundos.

Вержуцька, Я. Ю. Формування конкурентоспроможного маркетингового плану реалізації бізнес-проектів» (на матеріалах ТОВ «РЕД БУЛЛ УКРАЇНА») : випускна кваліфікаційна робота : 075 "Маркетинг" / Я. Ю. Вержуцька ; керівник роботи В. А. Москаленко ; НУ "Чернігівська політехніка", кафедра маркетингу, PR-технологій та логістики. – Чернігів, 2021. – 68 с.
Кваліфікаційна робота присвячена обґрунтуванню маркетингової стратегії для сфери безалкогольних енергетичних напоїв. Перший розділ роботи містить характеристику маркетингового планування для реалізації бізнес-проектів сфери послуг, теоретичні аспекти маркетингового планування. Другий розділ містить аналіз діяльності підприємства ТОВ «РЕД БУЛЛ УКРАЇНА». Оцінені особливості маркетингу подій міжнародної компанії. У третьому розділі вноситься ряд пропозицій щодо формування конкурентоспроможного маркетингового плану реалізації бізнес-проектів. Висновки відбивають основні результати проведення дослідження та пропозиції щодо втілення ефективного маркетінгового плану.
Qualification work is devoted to the substantiation of marketing strategy for the field of soft energy drinks. The first section of the work contains a description of marketing planning for the implementation of business projects in the field of services, theoretical aspects of marketing planning. The second section contains an analysis of the activities of the company LLC "RED BULL UKRAINE". Features of marketing of events of the international company are estimated. The third section introduces a number of proposals for the formation of a competitive marketing plan for business projects. The conclusions reflect the main results of the study and proposals for the implementation of an effective marketing plan.

This thesis examines corporate derivative use and selective hedging behaviour taking into account the competitive environment in which the firm and its decision makers are involved. The effects of competitive environments are investigated from different levels. One is the industry level which considers the predation risk that firms could encounter because of product market competition. The other is at the board level; specifically the conflicts in board decision making because of board gender diversity. The test results support the explanatory power of both predation risk and board gender diversity on corporate selective hedging behaviour. Firms encountering higher predation risk are more likely to use derivatives to time the market for extra returns. Female participation on boards encourages selective hedging behaviour. However, adverse effects appear stronger on selective hedging when more females are appointed as directors. Once a critical mass is achieved (a board with over 20% or at least three female members), the intensity of selective hedging behaviour is significantly mitigated. A bell-shaped relationship between board gender diversity and selective hedging behaviour is found. Though a competitive environment has different levels and dimensions, by analysing this issue from both external and internal perspectives, this study emphasises the importance of contextual settings in discussing corporate decision making and risk management.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Business School, 2019

Two important issues regarding international market entry strategy remain largely unexplored: international launch time window (the elapsed time between product launch in the home country and launch in the focal country) and country sequence. First, I investigate the factors that drive international launch time window and its impact on the performance of new products in foreign markets. The results show that launch time window is positively associated with word of mouth, but negatively related to prelaunch advertising efforts and foreign demand potential. Second, I examine the determinants of the sequence of countries in which firms introduce new products and its impact on performance in foreign countries. The findings include that a country‘s order in the international launch sequence of a new product affects the product‘s performance in that country. Country order is negatively related to country revenues. A country‘s cultural distance (economic openness) is positively (negatively) associated with its order in the sequence. I also find that there is cross-country spillover effect - lagged revenues from other countries and lagged marketing efforts in the home country are positively related to a new product‘s revenues in the focal foreign country. The more culturally sensitive a product, the earlier culturally closer countries are in the launch sequence for that product. Based on the cross-country performance spillover effects, I recommend a launch sequence that can maximize overall performance in foreign markets.

碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
財務管理所
94
Abstract This study uses logistic regression analysis method to constructs prediction model by using long-term and short-term spread data. The purpose of forecasting the correlation between spread and stock index is to provide reference resource with the investors in stock market in Taiwan. The long and short signs measured by prediction model will be used to market timing to increase the return of investment. Generally speaking, term structure surely controls interest rate changes for the future. Based on the expectation of term structure, term structure implies the investor have the same common consensus in the interest rate changes for the future. Based on the study of Resnick and Shoesmith (2000), the paper further uses predictive signs to implement market timing. When the bull sign shows up in the stock market, the investors will hold long position; On the contrary, while the bull sign shows up in the stock market, the investors will hold short position. The investors increase the return of investment by accurately using long and short strategies. The results show as follows that the returns of MSCI, TAIEX, Electronic sector Index and Banking and Insurance sector Index are 117.40%、106.62%、113.50% and 30.34% from 2002 to 2005 for the model built by dynamic moving-window data to predict the tendency of bull and bear market. On the other hand, the returns of MSCI, TAIEX, Electronic sector Index and Banking and Insurance sector Index are -6.11%、 1.21%、-22.71% and 34.08% from 2002 to 2005 for long-term holding strategy. In conclusion, the model built by dynamic moving-window data to predict the tendency of bull and bear market. If the investors implement market timing strategy in accordance with the bull and bear signs measured by this model, the return of investment for market timing strategy is superior to that for long-term holding strategy.

碩士
國立臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
92
The purpose of investing in the mutual fund is to gain excess profit sharing which was achieved by the professional mutual fund manager''s management. Many previous studies about the mutual fund emphasized the evaluation of the mutual fund''s performance indexes. They hoped they could assist in marking an investment decision. The most important point is that the mutual fund is an artificial investment tool, but it was ignored in the past researches. The overall evaluation is usually stressed in the profit research of the general finance area, but the individual investor''s heterogeneity is ignored in research. Therefore, the research uses the timing and selection ability of investment decision and combines the database-marketing to investigate the online investors'' heterogeneity for the segmentation of the online investors and the making the best investment portfolio. My sample result shows the smallest vibration within all mutual funds during the President election and the disaster in the global stock market. In part, because the model which I employed timing and selection ability model. Under the influence of bear stock market, I observe the anti-fallen ability pattern, and the two mutual funds have the better performance during the research period. I prove that the imitated mutual funds have the better performance by using the timing and selection ability model and database marketing.

碩士
國立臺北大學
合作經濟學系
91
Most industries face decreasing customers’ purchase during the economic depression. To promote customers’ satisfaction and loyalty, the online-broker company introduces the Database-Marketing concept to their clients to provide personalize services. The online-broker company, different from traditional broker company, could obtain more implicit information about the customers’ investment behavior from their database to implementing differentiating marketing. Many previous investment behavior studies employing the traditional regression model are restricted to analyze the customer’s investment decisions. Therefore, this research employs a Hierarchical Bayes statistics to investigate online investors’ heterogeneity in term of the timing and selection ability of investment decision. Furthermore, the helpful information obtained from the database is employed for market segmentation and Database-Marketing. The research results show that most investors do not have timing ability through the traditional regression model. The Hierarchical Bayes statistics could also provided more significant analyses of investors’ timing and selection abilities. It’s helpful for the online-broker when they developing Database-Marketing.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2009.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-06, Section: A, page: . Adviser: Zvi Schwartz. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-73) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.