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Pátek, Václav. "Návrh robotického pracoviště pro laserové značení automotive komponent." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444303.
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This diploma thesis is focused on the design of a robotic workstation for laser marking of aluminium hinges for the automotive industry. Robots remove wheel hinges from palettes at the end of a preassembly line, mark them a sort them. At first, selected marking technologies used in the automotive industry are introduced. Afterwards, a few robot and process simulation software are described. Subsequently, several layout variants are created as viable options for process handling and the chosen variant is designed in detail. Using RobotStudio software, a simulation of the robotic marking cell is made for process verification. Finally, a technical - economic evaluation is performed.
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Srbecký, Michal. "Prodejní proces ŠKODA originálních dílů se zaměřením na důležitost korektních dat pro určení jeho potenciálu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124634.
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The aim of this thesis is to introduce sales of SKODA Genuine Parts and to confirm the hypothesis that current data referring to amount of Skoda vehicles being used within the Czech Republic are gathered upon wrong methodology, which leads to unobjective marketing analysis which serves as a basis for decision-making. In case the hypothesis is confirmed, a new proposal of data collecting system is required, which will be feasible in long term. It will be necessary to specify the data sources, its plausibility, provide useful information such as the number of cars, age, models, engines, segmentation and so on. Afterwards, the author analyses the market potential for sales of Genuine Parts using the collected data. The data obtained by the new system is required to be used both for sales purposes and for dealing with customers.
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Close, Damien. "Alternative protective coatings for hot stamped automotive body parts." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0083/document.
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De nombreux revêtements sont actuellement disponibles pour les aciers emboutis à chaud et trempés pour le domaine de la construction automobile. Afin d’augmenter les performances des produits actuels en termes d’aptitude à la mise en forme à chaud, de résistance contre la corrosion et de compatibilité avec les procédés de fabrication ultérieurs, les constructeurs automobiles et les sidérurgistes ont développé de nombreux types de matériaux alternatifs. Peu de produits ont trouvé une place importante dans l’utilisation industrielle. L’objectif de ce travail est de procéder à une vue d’ensemble des performances des produits actuels, d’identifier de nouveaux concepts de revêtements et d’étudier leur compatibilité pour l’application de la mise en forme à chaud. Cette étude porte sur les revêtements d’alliages de Zn-Mn. De nombreux bains électrolytiques et paramètres électriques ont été étudiés afin de déterminer des conditions de déposition optimales pour obtenir des alliages Zn-Mn avec une forte teneur en Mn. Les propriétés cristallographiques, microstructurales et anticorrosives de couches obtenues sur des plaques d’acier de grandes dimensions ont été caractérisées avec de nombreuses techniques. La compatibilité des couches protectrices pour le traitement d’austénitisation a été évaluée après des traitements thermiques à différentes températures et durées de chauffe. Une attention particulière a été portée sur l’évolution de la composition et des phases d’interdiffusion formées, ainsi que sur l’apparition de mécanismes d’oxydation et d’évaporation à haute température. Enfin, l’aptitude à la mise en forme à chaud et notamment la susceptibilité à la fissuration par métaux liquides de ces nouveaux revêtements ont été évaluées par des essais d’emboutissageVarious coatings are currently available for press-hardened steels used for the automotive construction, mainly with the aim of providing good anticorrosive properties to the body components. In order to improve performance of the coated products in terms of hot formability, corrosion protection and suitability for subsequent manufacturing processes, steelmakers and car manufacturers investigated various alternative coating materials. Only a few solutions resulted in a serial production. The aim of this study is to proceed to a screening of the performance of current coating variants, to identify new concepts for alternative coating materials and assess their suitability for the hot stamping application. The present work is focused on the study of Zn-Mn alloy coatings. Various electroplating baths and electric parameters were studied in order to determine optimal deposition conditions for obtaining Zn-Mn alloys with high Mn contents. The deposits obtained on large-scale steel plates were characterized with regards to their crystallographic, microstructural and anticorrosive properties. The behavior of the coating materials during austenitizing treatment was studied after heat treatment to different temperatures and heating durations. A particular attention was given to the evolution of the composition, the interdiffusion phases formed as well as to the presence of oxidation and evaporation mechanisms at high temperature. At last, the forming properties of the alternative coating materials and their susceptibility for liquid metal embrittlement were assessed on the basis of direct hot stamping experiments
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Jönsson, Johan. "Design of a tilting test rig for automotive parts." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad maskinteknik (KTH Södertälje), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-203794.
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Chávez, Gonzales Paolo, Lozada Alejandro Fabrizzio Dávila, Vásquez Daniela Lozano, Román Angel Rodrigo Quichiz, and Bernal Renzo Enrique Sayán. "Trabajo de investigación Cars&Parts." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652310.
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Durante los últimos años, el sector automotriz ha tenido muchas falencias especialmente con el incremento de la informalidad en el mercado de autopartes, generando mucha desconfianza por parte de los usuarios y promoviendo el mercado negro en el Perú, obteniendo un rechazo por parte de los inversionistas por incursionar e incrementar las ventas de autopartes en nuestro país. Lo que buscamos con este proyecto es poder hacer atractivo el modelo de negocio formal de autopartes en el Perú por medio de una sofisticada integración de red de proveedores a nivel nacional para satisfacer las necesidades de una demanda mal atendida. Cars&Parts es una plataforma digital que se puede utilizar desde un Smartphone o una computadora, en donde podrás buscar el autoparte o repuesto de la marca que necesites. Ayudamos a los usuarios a ahorrar tiempo y dinero, brindando productos de calidad con el mejor servicio especializado en el rubro automotriz. Nuestros clientes podrán navegar y buscar sus repuestos en nuestras 10 categorías o por las tiendas oficiales que se encuentran en nuestro Marketplace. La conclusión de nuestro trabajo de investigación es que el modelo de negocio Cars&Parts es sostenible y especialmente rentable, todo esto se comprueba a lo largo este proyecto.During the last years, the automotive sector has had many shortcomings, especially with the increase in informality in the autoparts market, generating a lot of distrust on the part of users and promoting the black market in Peru, obtaining a rejection from investors. for entering and increasing auto parts sales in our country. What we are looking for with this project is to be able to make the formal auto parts business model in Peru attractive by means of a sophisticated integration of the supplier network at the national level to satisfy the needs of a poorly attended demand. Cars & Parts is a digital platform that can be used from a smartphone or a computer, where you can search for the auto part or replacement of the brand you need. We help users save time and money, providing quality products with the best specialized service in the automotive field. Our customers can browse and search for their parts in our 10 categories or through the official stores found in our marketplace. The conclusion of our research work is that the Cars&Parts business model is sustainable and especially profitable, all this is verified throughout this project.
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Gómez, Monterde Javier. "Characterization of microcellular plastics for weight reduction in automotive interior parts." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458886.
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The present PhD thesis is framed within the Industrial Doctorate Plan promoted by the Generalitat de Catalunya and has been developed in cooperation between the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, the Centre Català del Plàstic, SEAT SA and Volkswagen AG. The research project has as main objective the characterization of microcellular plastics obtained by injection molding, motivated by a concern to reduce weight, cost and carbon footprint in automotive plastic parts.
First, cylindrical bars and square plates made of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and 20% Glass Fiber reinforced-Polypropylene (PP 20GF) were injection molded and foamed through the MuCell® technology. Shot volume was found as the most influencing parameter on cell structure and tensile and flexural properties. The effect of mold temperature and injection speed was secondary and not statistically significant for the mechanical performance. Tensile and flexural properties decreased almost linearly with the apparent density, whereas impact resistance was strongly reduced during foaming. Glass fibers contributed to partially overcome the loss of properties due to the reduction in density. Cells act as crack arrestors by blunting the crack tip. However, once the crack is propagating, cells acting as stress concentrators lead to a decrease in fracture toughness. Because of the low amount of blowing agent injected during the foaming process, no significant changes in the thermal properties were determined as compared to that of the solid counterpart.
Simulation of the microcellular injection molding process with Moldex 3D® software and prediction models of the mechanical properties based on the apparent density and morphological characteristics provided a good approach to the experimental results.
On the other hand, the Core Back tool technology was also employed in this study. By pulling the core and increasing the final thickness of the part, the apparent density decreased but the bending stiffness was greatly enhanced. Finally, a new alternative foaming technology, called IQ Foam® and developed by Volkswagen AG, was used to produce rectangular plates and compare their properties to that of the obtained by MuCell® process. By using a minimum amount of blowing agent, foamed plastic parts through IQ Foam® obtained through this process exhibited thicker solid skins and lower cell densities, but consequently higher mechanical properties. Additional benefits such as cost-effectiveness, easy-to-use and machine-independence are also offered by this new emerging technology.La presente tesis doctoral se enmarca dentro del Plan de Doctorats Industrials convocado por la Generalitat de Catalunya y se ha desarrollado como colaboración entre la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, el Centre Català del Plàstic, SEAT SA y Volkswagen AG. El proyecto de investigación tiene como principal objetivo la caracterización de plásticos microcelulares, motivado por el interés en reducir peso, coste e impacto ambiental en piezas de plástico de automoción. En primer lugar, se obtuvieron mediante moldeo por inyección barras cilíndricas y placas cuadradas fabricadas con Acrilonitrilo-Butadieno-Estireno (ABS) y Polipropileno reforzado con un 20% de fibra de vidrio (PP 20GF), espumadas con la tecnología MuCell®. El volumen de dosificación es el parámetro más influyente sobre la estructura celular y las propiedades a tracción y a flexión. El efecto de la temperatura de molde y velocidad de inyección, en cambio, es secundario y no introduce variaciones estadísticamente significativas sobre el rendimiento mecánico. Las propiedades a tracción y flexión se reducen de manera prácticamente lineal con la disminución de densidad, mientras que la resistencia a impacto decrece drásticamente debido a la espumación. El efecto reforzante de las fibras de vidrio contribuye a compensar parcialmente la caída de propiedades debido a la reducción de densidad. Las celdas tienden a enromar el frente de grieta, retrasando así el inicio de propagación. Sin embargo, una vez la grieta comienza a propagar, las celdas actúan como concentradores de tensión provocando una disminución en la tenacidad a fractura. El reducido contenido de agente espumante inyectado durante el proceso de espumación no es suficiente para producir cambios en las propiedades térmicas en comparación con las del material macizo. La simulación del proceso de inyección microcelular con el software Moldex 3D® y los modelos de predicción de propiedades mecánicas basados en la densidad y características morfológicas proporcionaron valores cercanos a los obtenidos experimentalmente. Por otro lado, en este trabajo también se estudió el efecto de la tecnología de molde Core Back en combinación con el proceso de espumado mediante moldeo por inyección. A través del movimiento de la cavidad y el aumento del espesor final de la pieza inyectada, la densidad aparente se reduce al mismo tiempo que la rigidez a flexión se incrementa considerablemente. Finalmente, una nueva tecnología de espumación desarrollada por Volkswagen AG, llamada IQ Foam®, se utilizó para la inyección de placas rectangulares y la comparación de sus propiedades con las de placas análogas obtenidas mediante el proceso MuCell®. Mediante la utilización de un contenido mínimo de agente espumante, las placas espumadas con IQ Foam® exhibieron mayores espesores de piel y menores densidades celulares, y por tanto, propiedades mecánicas ligeramente superiores. Esta nueva tecnología ofrece también otras ventajas, como una menor inversión inicial, facilidad de operación y posibilidad de utilización en cualquier máquina de inyección convencional.
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Park, Edward J. "Automatic part localization for fixtureless assembly of automotive sheet metal parts." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0006/MQ45620.pdf.
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Berube, Gregoire. "Development of metastable aluminum alloy coatings and parts for automotive applications." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28328.
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In this study, a metastable Al-Fe-V-Si alloy powder was produced by rapid solidification using the gas atomization process. The alloy composition was chosen for its mechanical properties at elevated temperature for potential applications in internal combustion gasoline engines. The microstructural properties of the Al-Fe-V-Si powder were determined through transmission electron microscopy imaging and selected area electron diffraction indexing, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. Three distinct microstructures were observed as well as two different phases, namely a Al13(Fe,V)3Si silicide phase and a metastable (Al,Si)x(Fe,V) micro-quasicrystalline icosahedral (MI) phase. The metastable MI phase was determined to be thermally stable up to 380°C, after which a phase transformation to silicide occurs. The Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying (CGDS) process was used to produce coatings of the alloy. This spray process was selected due to its relatively low operating temperature, thus preventing significant heating of the particles during spraying and as such allowing the original microstructure of the feedstock powder to be preserved within the coatings. Coatings were produced by CGDS using Helium and Nitrogen as propellant gases. The coatings microstructure was investigated using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses. The mechanical properties of the coatings were then evaluated through bond strength testing and microhardness testing.
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Borsu, Valentin. "Pose and Motion Estimation of Parts Exhibiting Few Visual Features for Robotic Marking of Deformations." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28914.
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This thesis examines the complex problem of robotic interaction with moving objects exhibiting few distinctive visual features in the context of marking surface deformation defects for quality control in the automotive industry. The designed pose and motion estimator, which is the central component of the proposed robotic tracking and marking station, embeds a feature-based tracking approach, which builds upon the selection of a limited, but consistent set of features and their tracking on a frame-by-frame basis.
While the visual acquisition system relies on low resolution cameras, the proposed algorithm provides sub-pixel accuracy on the pose estimation of an automotive panel, and its associated motion. The pose and motion estimator embeds classical computer vision algorithms for feature extraction, matching and tracking. Their limitations, in the case of tracking industrial objects with few contrasting features, are solved from a software perspective, without complicating their mathematical foundations or the hardware architecture of the visual acquisition system. In order to reliably solve the limitations imposed by the general appearance of the objects, coupled with the complex factory environments in which they exhibit their motion, the pose and motion estimator incorporates a supervisory layer, whose goal is to provide time-efficient, accurate and fault-tolerant visual servoing data to the robotic station. The only knowledge provided to the supervisory layer is related to a limited number of macro-features, which are pre-selected over the structure of the automotive panels, when configuring the robotic tracking and marking station.
The knowledge provided to the system by the macro-features is successfully integrated into the inter-calibration procedure between the defects detection stage, whose description remains beyond the scope of this thesis, and the autonomous robotic tracking and marking station. As a result, only a limited number of macro-features are sufficient to inter-calibrate two sensing devices, located in two different stations along an assembly line. Additionally, this inter-calibration procedure is performed on-line and does not require a target object.
Also, with the integration of the supervisory layer, the experimental validation demonstrates the robustness of the proposed pose and motion estimator to a series of realistic situations, such as occlusions from the robot, slight changes in the illumination or the reflectance properties of the panels' surfaces, as well as the sporadic appearance of factory associates in the view of the acquisition system.
Different defects marking procedures are tested with an actual robot arm, including a stamping operation on a static object. An experimental validation of the robotic marking operation on a moving panel, using an LED-pointer to mimick a spray-gun end-effector, is also performed. The accuracy achieved in the two marking validation phases demonstrates the suitability of the proposed robotic solution to become a viable alternative to perform fully automated region marking of deformations over large surfaces and for substantial volumes of production.
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Ferreira, Fernando Pereira. "Analysis implementation of lean manufacturing system in an automotive parts manufacturing enterprise." Universidade de Taubaté, 2004. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=25.
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In general, industries, mainly the big or medium ones, had already come across situations typically a result from being an overly productive company, meaning that they produce more than clients can absorb or in a rhythm above the required. They also are exposed to related situations such as deviation or distortion of production information, disorder of the factory floor and several other day-by-day problems. Such problems cause losses to the company, as they do not add value, because they do not really transform raw materials, thus modifying the form or the quality of the product. This study presents the benefits of employing the Lean Manufacturing concepts for the implementation of a new productive division, acting in corrective and preventive ways, thus contributing to waste reduction, with as reference the Toyota Production System, allied to the studied companys own lean system. Practical methods for the elimination of waste potentials found in productive environments are also demonstrated through the results achieved, as well as the difference between the conventional manufacturing system which still is used by several companies, compared to those companies which adopted Lean Manufacturing as a working standard. This study focalizes the steps used for the implementation and the benefits achieved by the application of the principles of this philosophy.De uma maneira geral, as indústrias, principalmente as de grande e médio porte, já depararam com situações típicas advindas de uma empresa que tem superprodução, ou seja, produzem mais do que o requerido pela demanda dos clientes ou em um ritmo acima do necessário. Estão sujeitas também a situações complementares, como o desvio ou a distorção de informações na produção, a desorganização no chão de fábrica, entre outros inúmeros problemas do dia-a-dia. Tais problemas acarretam perda para a empresa, uma vez que essas operações não agregam valor, pois não estão realmente transformando a matéria-prima, modificando a forma ou a qualidade do produto. Este trabalho apresenta os benefícios provenientes da utilização dos conceitos de Manufatura Enxuta na implementação de uma nova divisão produtiva, que atua de forma corretiva e preventiva, de forma a contribuir para a redução de desperdício, tendo como referência o Sistema Toyota de Produção, aliado ao próprio sistema enxuto da empresa estudada. Demonstram-se, ainda, métodos práticos para a eliminação de potenciais desperdícios encontrados em meios produtivos, por meio dos resultados alcançados, e a diferença entre o sistema de manufatura convencional, o qual ainda é utilizado por diversas empresas, e o sistema daquelas empresas que adotaram a Manufatura Enxuta como padrão de trabalho. Este trabalho focaliza os passos utilizados para a implementação e os benefícios alcançados com a utilização dos princípios dessa filosofia.
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Wishart, H. "Thermal and structural modelling of gravity die cast aluminium-silicon alloy automotive parts." Thesis, Swansea University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636676.
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The automotive industry has shown an increasing interest in the use of aluminium castings to produce, light, high performance, complex shaped parts. In gravity die-castings, the die and its design are central features. The project is designed to enhance the understanding of the influence of the die on the solidification behaviour of commercial Aluminium-Silicon Alloy (LM25) casts and addresses the question of how closely a numerical model can simulate an industrial casting process. The simulation work was based on the MAVIS FD-casting package. Experimental measurement methods were developed and were applied to monitor and analyse the temperature profiles of some production and test dies during industrial batch trials. The results were correlated with trends in parameters obtained from the numerical model. Extensive numerical heat transfer and solidification modelling was applied in order to predict the effects of specific changes to the die construction. Attempts were made to manage die thermal-gradients using targeted water-cooling. Measurements of the 'as-cast' microstructures were correlated with monitored thermal-profiles of the dies and with the predictions of numerical models. Both the simulation studies and measurements confirmed that die shapes tended to have very little influence on the macro-freezing pattern of the castings. The water-cooling had the effect that the die temperature dropped and the dendrite arm spacings were reduced but the principle-freezing pattern remained the same. However, the freezing pattern was found to be sensitive to the presence or absence of the mould coating. Measured die temperatures and the principle-freezing patterns were predicted well by the numerical model. The precision of spot parameter values however depended very much on the tuning of the model. Values of simulation variables evaluated for a test-piece casting were not necessarily transferable to simulation of commercially cast automotive brackets.
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Simsek, Mehmet Cemil. "Technological intensity, international technology transfer and productivity in the Turkish automotive parts industry." Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/74321/.
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This study investigates whether there are productivity effects through international technology transfer in the Turkish automotive parts industry. Being at sector level, previous studies cannot account for heterogeneities across sectors and within sectors. Before conducting this investigation, this study develops a more accurate measure of technological intensity for individual automotive parts, namely patent counts enabling identification of technological and economic characteristics of the industry. Focusing mainly on the motor vehicle assembly section of the industry, previous case studies have not thoroughly examined the automotive parts supply section. Hence, this study does not only enhance the understanding of both motor vehicle assembly and automotive parts supply sections of the industry, but it also provides insights into technological and economic relations of the global automotive industry with a developing economy. This study reveals first that the Turkish automotive industry is a motor vehicle assembly hub integrated well with the European automotive value chain. Second, higher the technological intensity of an automotive part, greater the import of that automotive part becomes, whereas smaller the export of that automotive part becomes in Turkey during 2002-2013. On the other hand, there is not clear technological intensity concentration on automotive parts produced in Turkey during 2005-2012, to some extent, reflecting the recent R&D efforts pursued by the industry to build up technological capability. Third, automotive parts supplying enterprises with international linkages in Turkey are more productive, pay more and employ more during 2003-2011. Therefore, this study argues that the government should specifically promote design and R&D activities, and international economic interactions of automotive parts suppliers more that increasingly constitute a larger section of the industry.
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Billur, Eren. "Fundamentals and Applications of Hot Stamping Technology for Producing Crash-Relevant Automotive Parts." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366243664.
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Blanchard, Patrick James. "High speed resin transfer moulding of composite structures." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325309.
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Feng, Zhaofei [Verfasser], and W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Wiesbeck. "Lane and Road Marking Detection with a High Resolution Automotive Radar for Automated Driving / Zhaofei Feng ; Betreuer: W. Wiesbeck." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1194061818/34.
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Boshoff, Oliza. "The hidden costs of automotive commodities procured from the People’s Republic of China." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16034.
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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2008.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Globalization has shifted to a level where market competition is tougher. Therefore, multinational companies focus on cutting cost along the company’s supply chain with heavy scrutiny on procurement. Developing countries have become very attractive from which to strategically procure commodities because of low cost labour, especially from the People’s Republic of China. The business complexity, ethics and current market situation in China are often too modestly emphasized. Yet, these elements have a significant impact on the sourcing decision because it indirectly influences the total landed cost of a commodity but is not taken into account. Therefore, the total landed cost on which sourcing decisions are made, does not reflect the actual total landed cost of a commodity. In many cases multinational companies sourcing from China do not realise the impact of the hidden cost involved and do not reach the expected cost savings as calculated. The purpose of this study is to explore why more attention must be paid to hidden cost when automotive commodities are procured from China. This, as well as the research methodology used in order to obtain the data, is explained in chapter one. Chapter two of this thesis illustrates the change in a company’s supply chain and discusses this in a global sourcing context. The sourcing commodity, which is the point of focus in this study, is automotive commodities sourced from China and is discussed in chapter three. Based on China’s increased presence in global sourcing of automotive commodities, chapter four focuses on China’s integration into the global supply chain. The influential factors that have an impact (hidden cost) on the actual landed cost of commodities sourced from China are described in chapter five and identified as guanxi, indirect business logistic obstacles, quality of goods and supply, management, the labour market and training, and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). In chapter six the influential factors, as described in chapter five, are analysed through a case study of Daimler Chrysler China Limited. Chapter seven is a comparative study of Japan’s miracle economy from 1960-1980 and the current economic trends in China to determine whether it will be feasible to procure automotive commodities from China in the future with regards to the economic indicators.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Globalisering het verskuif na ʼn vlak waar mark kompetisie meer gekonsentreerd is. Daarom fokus multinasionale maatskappye ernstig daarop om kostes langs die aanvoerketting van die maatskappy te verminder deur te konsentreer op die aanskaffingsproses. Ontwikkelende lande het uiters aanloklik geword as bestemming in die strategiese aanskaffingsproses van goedere weens lae arbeidskoste, veral vanaf Sjina. Tans word die besigheidskompleksiteit, etiek en die markkondisie in Sjina meestal onderbeklemtoon. Daarenteen het die faktore ‘n gewigtige impak op die aanskaffingsbesluit omdat dit die totale koste by aankoms indirek beïnvloed. Gevolglik reflekteer die totale koste by aankoms, waarop aanskaffigsbesluite gegrond word, nie die werklike koste van aankoms van goedere nie. In menige gevalle behaal multinasionale maatskappye nie die verwagte kostebesparing soos bereken vir goedere wat vanaf Sjina aangeskaf word nie omdat die multinasionale maatskappye onbewus is van die impak wat die versteekte koste op die totale koste by aankoms het. Die doel van hierdie studie is ‘n ondersoek na die redes waarom daar meer beklemtoning moet wees op versteekte koste wanneer goedere uit Sjina aangeskaf word. Dit, sowel as die navorsingmetodes wat gebruik is om die inligting vir die studie in te win en akkuraat deur te gee, word verduidelik in hoofstuk een. Hoofstuk twee bespreek die verandering in 'n maatskappy se aanvoerketting in ʼn globale aanskaffingskonteks. Hoofstuk drie fokus op redes vir Sjina se toenemende verteenwoordige rol in die globale aanskaffing van goedere en op die aanskaffing van motorvoertuigparte uit Sjina. Met betrekking tot die globale aanskaffing van goedere word die integrasie van Sjina in die globale aanskaffingsketting in hoofstuk vier bespreek. Die beïnvloedende faktore wat 'n impak (versteekte koste) op die werklike koste by aankoms van die motorvoertuigparte wat aangeskaf word vanaf Sjina het, word bespreek in hoofstuk vyf en geïdentifiseer as guanxi, indirekte besigheidslogistiek hindernisse, die kwaliteit van goedere en die aanskaffing daarvan, bestuur in Sjina, die Sjinese arbeidsmark en opleiding in die werksplek, en intellektuele eiendomsreg. In hoofstuk ses word die beïnvloedende faktore (soos bespreek in hoofstuk vyf) geanaliseer deur ʼn gevalle studie van Daimler Chrysler Sjina Beperk. Hoofstuk sewe is ʼn vergelykende studie tussen Japan se wonder ekonomie van 1960-1980 en die huidige ekonomiese tendens in Sjina om te bepaal hetsy dit moontlik sal wees om motorvoertuigparte aan te skaf vanaf Sjina in die toekoms met betrekking tot die ekonomiese indikatore.
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Brutchen, George W. "Correlating the accelerated test life of an automotive component with its field life." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1286397.
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Since new product designs have little field data available a correlation between field and accelerated test life cannot be made. However, a step partially accelerated life test approach where samples are tested under normal conditions for a time and then run to failure on an accelerated test can be used to estimate the statistical model parameters. This thesis developed the maximum likelihood parameter estimates for a step partially accelerated life test based on a Weibull distribution model for a hypothetical automotive component. Using a Monte Carlo approach with type-II censoring, the effect of sample size and length of sampling period used on the variability of the estimated parameters was examined. A smaller sampling period and small sizes lead to significant variability, which decreased as the sampling period and sample size increased. Use of a partitioned sample did not lead to an improvement in the variability of the estimates.Department of Mathematical Sciences
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Ruiz, Garcia Claudia. "Internal and external sources of capacity building in the Mexican auto-parts industry." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/53947/.
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This thesis is concerned with the study of technology upgrading in late industrialising countries. This research aims to understand the process of technology upgrading of SMEs in the automotive industry by looking at the internal and external sources of technology for these firms. To do so, the main bodies of literature of this research are i) technological capabilities and absorptive capacity, ii) global value chains, and iii) NLSs. Technology upgrading has not been a well-developed notion in the literature. The literature has focused on technical change in industrialised economies and it has omitted the process of incremental changes and the shortcomings existing in the system of innovation for late industrialising countries. To observe technology upgrading in developing countries, I look at the transfer of technology from up-to-date firms (assemblers) to the less knowledgeable firms (SMEs) and the assimilation of this technology by the latter. To look at other sources of technology, I observed the country' context and the role of other actors in the industry. In this regard, National Learning Systems (NLSs) permit to understand and explain the differences of the process of technical change in late industrialising countries where they learnt through the diffusion of technology created somewhere else rather than the creation of it within the system. In this research, I offer new findings for the literature which has paid little attention to the process of technology upgrading and SMEs. I also confirm that the use of NLSs instead of NIS is more accurate for late industrialising countries and I offer new paths for future research in these issues.
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Turkyilmaz, Gokhan. "Processing And Assessment Of Aluminum Ceramic Fiber Reinforced Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite Parts For Automotive And Defense Applications." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610751/index.pdf.
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The aim of this study was to produce partially reinforced aluminum metal matrix
composite components by insertion casting technique and to determine the effects
of silicon content, fiber vol% and infiltration temperature on the mechanical
properties of inserts, which were the local reinforcement parts of the components.
Silicon content of alloys was selected as 7 wt% and 10 wt%. The reinforcement
material, i.e. Saffil fiber preforms, had three different fiber vol% of 20, 25 and 30
vol% respectively. The infiltration temperatures of composite specimens were fixed
as 750 °C and 800 °
C. In the first part of the thesis, physical and mechanical properties of composite specimens were determined according to the parameters of silicon content of the matrix alloy, infiltration temperature and vol% of the reinforcement phase. X-ray diffraction examination of fibers resulted as the fibers mainly composed of deltaalumina fibers and scanning electron microscopy analyses showed that fibers had planar isotropic condition for infiltration. Microstructural examination of composite specimens showed that appropriate fiber/matrix interface was created together with small amount of micro-porosities. Bending tests of the composites showed that as fiber vol% increases flexural strength of the composite increases. The highest strength obtained was 880.52 MPa from AlSi10Mg0.8 matrix alloy reinforced with 30 vol% Saffil fibers and infiltrated at 750 °
C. Hardness values were also increased by addition of Saffil fibers and the highest value was obtained as 191 HB from vertical to the fiber orientation of AlSi10Mg0.8 matrix alloy reinforced with 30 vol% Saffil fibers. Density measurement revealed that microporosities existed in the microstructure and the highest difference between the theoretical values and experimental values were observed in the composites of 30 vol% Saffil fiber reinforced ones for both AlSi7Mg0.8 and AlSi10Mg0.8 matrix alloys. In the second part of the experiments, insertion casting operation was performed. At casting temperature of 750 °
C, a good interface/component interface was obtained. Image analyses were also showed that there had been no significant fiber damage between the insert and the component.
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OLIVEIRA, MARCELO LACERDA DE. "SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS OF AUTOMOTIVE IMPORT PARTS INVOLVING COMPLETELY-KNOCKED-DOWN (CKD) AND PART-BY-PART (PBP) PRODUCTION CONCEPTS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2007. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=11338@1.
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O fluxo intenso de mercadorias entre países é uma
característica marcante
da globalização. Isto ocorre porque cada vez mais
empresas
procuram instalar
unidades produtivas próximas aos mercados consumidores,
enquanto que seus
fornecedores situam-se em vários países.
Conseqüentemente,
cresce a
importância do planejamento da movimentação de materiais
dentro de um
sistema logístico internacional. Decisões relativas à
escolha dos meios de
transportes, dos terminais multi-modais de carga, dos
equipamentos para
manuseio, das estratégias de armazenagem, da embalagem e
unitização dos
produtos, e de sistemas de informação, são estratégicas
para o sucesso do
projeto de rede. As cadeias de suprimentos projetadas
pelas multinacionais
automotivas são um dos os maiores exemplos de redes de
fluxos internacionais
de produtos. Neste contexto, a presente dissertação
realiza uma análise da
logística de importação de partes e peças amparadas
pelos
conceitos de
produção, embalagem e transporte Completely-Knocked-Down
(CKD) e Part-By-
Part (PBP), através do estudo de caso dos projetos dos
automóveis Classe A e
Classe C, produzidos pela montadora DaimlerChrysler do
Brasil na sua unidade
produtiva localizada na cidade de Juiz de Fora.The increase of material flows between countries is a strong characteristic of globalization. It happens because more and more companies are installing production units near their main markets and their suppliers` plants can be in located in different sites around the world. Therefore the importance of supply chain planning increases into the logistics system. Decisions about warehousing, transport modes, inter-modal terminals, handling equipments, packaging, unitization and information systems are strategic for the success of the network project. The multinational automakers are one of the biggest players of the international material flow. Within this context, the present master`s thesis proposes a supply chain analysis of automotive import parts involving Completely-Knocked-Down (CKD) and Part-By-Part (PBP) production, packaging and transport concepts, by the analysis of a case study of A-Class and C-Class logistics project models assembled by DaimlerChrysler in Juiz de Fora city (Brazil).
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Ramanathan, Arun Kumar Kumar. "Dynamic response of a shipping container rack and suspended automotive parts under random excitation: Experimental, Computational and Analytical Studies." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492093294208549.
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Barfield, Johannes J. "MY EYES DUE SEE." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5376.
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My Eyes Due See is a multidimensional examination of the “black experience” in America. The installation is composed of a single-channel video, a music composition that utilizes music samples and live instrumentation, and sculptures made up of car parts and broomsedge grass. Each of these elements arranged in space share a nuanced and complicated view of blackness through the lens of a black man decoding personal history and American history simultaneously. Autonomy is the overarching theme throughout the work as it pertains to race, identity, urban and rural environments, and the relationship between generational trauma and nostalgia.
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Beiker, Kair Alexandros, and Konstantinos Sofos. "Additive Manufacturing and Production of Metallic Parts in Automotive Industry : A Case Study on Technical, Economic and Environmental Sustainability Aspects." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-149669.
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Additive Manufacturing (AM) comprises a family of different technologies that build up parts by adding materials layer by layer at a time based on a digital 3D solid model. After thirty years of development, AM has become a mainstream manufacturing process with more materials and new technologies involved in this process. Undoubtedly, the most dramatic and challenging development of group of technologies has been the printing of metals. Nowadays, the use of AM for the production of parts for final products continues to grow. Organizations around the world are successfully applying the technology to the production of finished goods. AM allows design optimization and produces customized parts on-demand with almost similar material properties with the conventional manufactured parts. It does not require the use of coolants, fixtures, cutting tools and other assisting resources. The advantages of AM over conventional manufacturing can change the world of industry and lead to a new industrial revolution. In this research after reviewing mostly the different technologies and materials used in metallic AM, the application of them in a component of a passenger car engine is described. A criticality analysis is carried out in order to decide which AM development of the parts that compose the final product is more significant for the efficiency of the overall product. Based on that development a sustainability analysis is performed consisting of the analysis of the environmental impacts, the production cost analysis and the societal impact. But what has been derived from the analysis is that despite the lower environmental impact compared with the casting as a conventional method of forming of metals, AM is costly for the production of a small number of industrial products and its societal impact needs further investigation. In fact, the cost depends on the production volume, the batch size as well as the high price of the material powders and the building rates of the machines. In the future, with more advanced machines and cheaper material input the cost of metallic AM is going to drop dramatically. In spite of all the progress, the application of metallic AM is still not widespread. Since the materials as well as its technologies are still evolving, a better and more promising future is foreseen for metallic AM. Keywords: Additive Manufacturing, Direct Digital Manufacturing, Mass Production, Automotive, Internal Combustion Engine, Turbocharger, Development, Sustainability Analysis, Lifecycle AssessmentAdditive Manufacturing (AM) består av en familj av olika teknologier som bygger upp komponenter genom att lägga till material lager efter lager ett lager i taget baserat på en digital 3D solid modell. Efter trettio år av utveckling, har AM blivit en mainstream tillverkningsprocess med fler material och nya teknologier involverade i denna process. Utan tvekan har den mest dramatiska och utmanande utvecklingen inom denna grupp av teknologier varit tryckningen av metaller. Nuförtiden fortsätter användningen av AM för tillverkning av delar till slutprodukter att växa. Företag runtom i världen använder tekniken framgångsrikt för produktionen av färdiga varor. AM tillåter designoptimering och tillverkar kundanpassade delar on-demand med nästan samma materialegenskaper som konventionellt tillverkade delar. Det behövs inte användning av kylmedel, fixturer, skärverktyg och andra källor. Fördelarna med AM jämfört med konventionell tillverkning kan förändra den industriella världen och leda till en ny industriell revolution. Efter att mestadels ha gått igenom de olika tekniker och material som används i metallisk AM, beskrivs i denna forskning applikationen av dem i en komponent av motorn till en personbil. En kritikalitet analys görs för att bestämma vilken AM utveckling av de delar som utgör den slutgiltiga produkten som är viktigast för effektiviteten av den totala produktionen. Baserat på denna utveckling utförs en hållbarhetsanalys som består av en analys av miljöpåverkan, produktionskostnad och de samhälleliga effekterna. Men det som har härletts från analysen är att trots den lägre miljöpåverkan i jämförelse med gjutning som en konventionell metod för formning av metaller, är AM kostsamt för produktionen av ett fåtal industriella produkter och dess samhälleliga effekter behöver studeras ytterligare. I själva verket beror kostnaden på produktionsvolymen, satsstorleken samt det höga priset på materialpulvren och byggnadstakten av maskinerna. I framtiden, med mer avancerade maskiner och billigare material kommer kostnaden för metallisk AM att sjunka dramatiskt. Trots alla utveckling, är applikationen av metallisk AM fortfarande inte utbredd. Eftersom materialen samt dess teknik fortfarande är under utveckling förutses en bättre och mer lovande framtid för metallisk AM. Nyckelord: Additive Manufacturing, Direct Digital Manufacturing, massproduktion, bilindustrin, förbränningsmotor, Turbocharger, utveckling, hållbarhetsanalys, livscykelanalys.
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Tabachnick, Mark. "The impacts of lean production and continental economic integration on the geography and organizational structure of the Canadian automotive parts industry." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0009/MQ31258.pdf.
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Silva, Márcio de Puccio. "Evolução de produtos automotivos = o caso do conjunto espelho retrovisor externo." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264538.
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Orientador: Geilson LoureiroDissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T21:49:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_MarciodePuccio_M.pdf: 12210927 bytes, checksum: 8717d3c5839c70dc9b151a499ce64821 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: Esta dissertação versa sobre a engenharia de um produto objeto de evoluções sucessivas. O produto em questão é o conjunto de espelho retrovisor externo de um automóvel. O processo de engenharia evolui do projeto de engenharia de um conjunto de peças a serem montadas para um processo de engenharia de sistemas que leva em conta outros processos do ciclo de vida como o próprio processo de projeto e o processo de fabricação, ou seja, também uma abordagem de engenharia simultânea. Ao longo de sua evolução, os stakeholders, os requisitos, as funcionalidades e a arquitetura de um conjunto espelho retrovisor mudaram. Até 1980, o projeto era orientado para o atendimento à regulamentação do mercado onde o veículo era comercializado. A partir daí, requisitos visando uma maior satisfação dos clientes passaram a ser considerados. O desafio atual é produzir um conjunto espelho retrovisor que atenda todos os requisitos durante todo seu ciclo de vida, desde sua concepção no início do projeto para viabilizar uma idéia ou forma do design até o seu descarte, preocupando-se com a utilização de materiais que possam ser facilmente reciclados. Esta dissertação reporta passos necessários para reduzir o peso dos retrovisores externos dos veículos a partir da utilização de um material com menor peso específico. A mudança no material, no entanto, traz consequências no seu comportamento em relação a resistência à vibração e intemperismo. Por isso, mudanças no processo de projeto e fabricação são necessárias. A conclusão é que evoluções futuras de produtos como o espelho retrovisor precisarão considerar desde o início do seu processo de desenvolvimento engenharia de sistemas e engenharia simultânea para a sua realização
Abstract: This dissertation is about the engineering of a product subject to successive evolution. The product in this case is an exterior rearview mirror assembly for vehicle. The engineering process evolves from the engineering design of an assembly set to a systems engineering process that takes into consideration other life cycle processes. Examples of these other life cycle processes are engineering design, testing and manufacturing. In order to take into consideration these other life cycle processes, the engineering process follows a concurrent engineering approach. Along its evolution, stakeholders, requirements, functionalities and the architecture of the exterior rearview mirror assembly have changed. Up to 1980, the design was oriented to meet market regulations. From there onwards, customer satisfaction started to matter. Nowadays, the challenge is to develop the product, from the outset, taking into consideration all of its life cycle processes, up to disposal, taking into consideration the materials that can be easily recyclable. This dissertation reports the steps necessary to reduce the weight of the external mirrors by using materials with lower density. However, the change in the material, affects resistance to vibration and intemperism. Therefore changes in design and in the manufacturing process are required. In conclusion, future evolution of products such as the exterior mirror needs to consider from the outset of product development the use of systems engineering and concurrent engineering approaches
Mestrado
Projetos
Mestre em Engenharia Automobilistica
26
Sancak, Merve. "Finding skills in middle-income countries : the case of auto parts suppliers in Mexico and Turkey." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/288420.
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This thesis studies the determinants and outcomes of the skill systems in Mexico and Turkey, two crucial cases of middle-income countries (MICs). Despite the similarities in their previous institutional environments and links to the global economy, Turkey has experienced higher economic growth and better social development compared to Mexico. This PhD project focuses on the Mexican and Turkish skill systems, which have been significant institutions that affect the (different) economic and social characteristics of advanced industrialised countries in the literature on comparative capitalisms (CCs). This study builds its theoretical approach on the arguments of CCs literature and the claims of globalisation, where it draws from the studies on global value chains (GVCs). It scrutinises the patterns of convergence due to globalisation and ongoing divergence because of the variation of institutional structures. It examines the complementarities and outcomes of the skill systems, which will then help to understand the divergence of development experiences between Mexico and Turkey. This PhD project carries out a multi-level research and focuses the empirical study on auto parts-automotive value chains (AACs), which is an important industry for many MICs including Mexico and Turkey. The multi-level research first includes a macro-level study of local institutions in Mexico and Turkey, as well as the convergence patterns through the AACs. This is complemented with a micro-level analysis of firms' strategies to find workers with technical skills in production functions. The findings show that while there is some convergence in the Mexican and Turkish auto parts producers' skill needs, firms from these two countries adopt different strategies to address their needs. The distinctive national institutions in Mexico and Turkey, which are shaped by the differences in the state's involvement, are the main reasons for this divergence. The differences between the Mexican and Turkish skill systems have created different outcomes for both the firms and workers in these countries, and hence are expected to have contributed to their diverging development paths.
27
Yogeswaran, Arjun. "3D Surface Analysis for the Automated Detection of Deformations on Automotive Panels." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19992.
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This thesis examines an automated method to detect surface deformations on automotive panels for the purpose of quality control along a manufacturing assembly line.
Automation in the automotive manufacturing industry is becoming more prominent, but quality control is still largely performed by human workers. Quality control is important in the context of automotive body panels as deformations can occur along the assembly line such as inadequate handling of parts or tools around a vehicle during assembly, rack storage, and shipping from subcontractors. These defects are currently identified and marked, before panels are either rectified or discarded. This work attempts to develop an automated system to detect deformations to alleviate the dependence on human workers in quality control and improve performance by increasing speed and accuracy.
Some techniques make use of an ideal CAD model behaving as a master work, and panels scanned on the assembly line are compared to this model to determine the location of deformations. This thesis presents a solution for detecting deformations of various scales without a master work. It also focuses on automated analysis requiring minimal intuitive operator-set parameters and provides the ability to classify the deformations as dings, which are deformations that protrude from the surface, or dents, which are depressions into the surface.
A complete automated deformation detection system is proposed, comprised of a feature extraction module, segmentation module, and classification module, which outputs the locations of deformations when provided with the 3D mesh of an automotive panel. Two feature extraction techniques are proposed. The first is a general feature extraction technique for 3D meshes using octrees for multi-resolution analysis and evaluates the amount of surface variation to locate deformations. The second is specifically designed for the purpose of deformation detection, and analyzes multi-resolution cross-sections of a 3D mesh to locate deformations based on their estimated size. The performance of the proposed automated deformation detection system, and all of its sub-modules, is tested on a set of meshes which represent differing characteristics of deformations in surface panels, including deformations of different scales. Noisy, low resolution meshes are captured from a 3D acquisition, while artificial meshes are generated to simulate ideal acquisition conditions. The proposed system shows accurate results in both ideal situations as well as non-ideal situations under the condition of noise and complex surface curvature by extracting only the deformations of interest and accurately classifying them as dings or dents.
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Abrahamsson, Petter. "User Interface Design for Quality Control : Development of a user interface for quality control of industrial manufactured parts." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79724.
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The expected quality on manufactured components in the automotive industry is high, often with an accuracy of tenths of a millimeter. The conventional methods used to ensure the manufactured components are very accurate, but they are both time consuming and insufficient and only a small part of the produced series are analyzed today. The measurement is performed manually in so-called measurement fixtures. Where each component is fixed and predetermined points of investigation are controlled with a dial indicator. These fixtures are very expensive to manufacture and they are only compatible with one specific kind of component. Nowadays, great volumes of material are scrapped from these procedures in the automotive industry. Hence, there is a great need to increase the amount of controlled components without affecting the production rate negatively. This project was carried out for the relatively new company Viospatia, which is a spin-off company based on research from Luleå University of Technology. They have developed a system that automatically measures each component directly at the production line with the use of photogrammetry technology. This makes it possible to discover erroneous components almost immediately and the manufacturer gets a more distinct view of their production and its capability. The aim of this thesis has been to investigate how a user interface should be developed to be as user-friendly as possible without limiting the system’s functions. The objective has been to design a proposal of a user interface adapted for the intended user, creating value and is easy to use. The progression has been structured around a human-centered approach expedient for interaction design, where the developing phase, containing analyze, design and validate, is performed through iterations with continuous feedback from users and the project’s employer. The context, where the intended solution is supposed to be used, was investigated through interviews and observations at the involved companies. In the project there were three factories involved, Gestamp Hardtech and Scania Ferruform in Luleå and Volvo Cars in Olofström. These factories are using similar production methods, sheet metal stamping, so their prerequisites and needs are similar for this type of quality control system. Creative methods have been applied throughout the project to generate as much ideas as possible while trying to satisfy all the important aspects. Initially analog prototypes were created but they were soon developed to digital interactive prototypes. A larger usability-test was conducted with seven participants by using a weblink to the digital prototype. With support from the feedback these tests generated some adjustments were made and the final user interface was designed, separated in two levels - Supervisor and Operator. Through extensive literature study and user-testing it became clear that the operator needs to get an unmistakable message from the user interface. There should not be any doubts whatsoever and the operator should react immediately. This message is delivered with the use of colors that have an established meaning. By identifying what needs the different actors have, the system’s functions can be separated and made accessible only for the intended user. The functions can then be more specifically developed for the intended user instead of modifying them trying to make a compromise that fits everybody. This separation of functions is not anything the user has to actively do but it is performed automatically by the user interface when the user is signing in.Den förväntade kvalitén på tillverkade delar inom bilindustrin är väldigt hög, med toleranser på så lite som tiondels millimeter många gånger. De konventionella metoderna som används för att kontrollmäta de tillverkade delarna idag är mycket noggranna, men de är både tidskrävande och otillräckliga och endast en väldigt liten del av en producerad serie blir kontrollmätt idag. Mätningen utförs manuellt i så kallade mätfixturer. Där varje komponent fixeras och förutbestämda undersökningspunkter kontrolleras med en så kallad mätklocka. Dessa fixturer är även väldigt dyra att tillverka och de är bara kompatibla med en specifik komponent. I dagens läge så kasseras otroligt stora mängder material från dessa komponenter inom bilindustrin. Här finns det alltså ett stort behov för att öka mängden komponenter som kontrolleras utan att påverka tillverkningstakten. Det här projektet utfördes åt det relativt nystartade företaget Viospatia, vilket är ett spin-off företag från forskning utförd vid Luleå tekniska universitet. De har utvecklat ett system som med hjälp av fotogrammetri automatiskt mäter av varje komponent direkt i produktionslinan. Detta gör att eventuella fel upptäcks nästan omedelbart samtidigt som tillverkaren får en tydligare bild av sin produktion och dess kapacitet. Syftet med denna masteruppsats har varit att undersöka hur ett gränssnitt bör utvecklas för att det ska bli så användarvänligt som möjligt utan att begränsa systemets viktiga funktioner. Målet har varit att ta fram ett förslag på ett gränssnitt som är anpassat för den tänkta användaren, som skapar ett mervärde och är enkelt att använda. Processen har följt en användarcentrerad struktur fördelaktig för interaktionsdesign, där utvecklingsfasen bestående av analys, design och validering sker i flera iterationer med kontinuerlig återkoppling med användare och uppdragsgivare. Kontexten, där den tänkta lösningen ska användas, undersöktes initialt hos de involverade företagen. I projektet var tre fabriker involverade, Gestamp Hardtech och Scania Ferruform i Luleå och Volvo Cars i Olofström. Dessa fabriker använder mestadels liknande tillverkningsmetoder, metallpressning, vilket gör att de rimligtvis har en del gemensamma förutsättningar och behov. Under arbetets gång har diverse kreativa metoder använts för att generera så mycket idéer som möjligt utan att förbise viktiga aspekter. Till en början utvecklades prototyper analogt för att sedan utvecklas till digitala interaktiva prototyper. Ett större användbarhetstest genomfördes på distans med sju testpersoner via en länk till den digitala prototypen. Med hjälp av responsen från dessa tester gjordes en del ändringar och den slutliga designen på gränssnittet blev uppdelat i två nivåer, Supervisor och Operator. Genom teoristudie och användartester framgick det att operatören behöver få en omisskännlig uppmaning från gränssnittet. Det bör inte uppstå några som helst tveksamheter och operatören skall kunna agera direkt. Denna uppmaning sker genom en tydlig färgkodning som utnyttjar vedertagna uppfattningar om färgers innebörd. Genom att identifiera vilka behov de olika aktörerna har kan man på så sätt också hålla isär de olika funktionerna och göra de tillgängliga endast för den typen av aktör som behöver de. De kan på så sätt också utvecklas mer specifikt för den tänkta aktören istället för att modifieras för att passa alla. Denna separering av funktioner är inget som användaren behöver ställa in själv utan görs automatiskt då den loggar in med sitt användarkonto.
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Rego, José Roberto do. "A lacuna entre a teoria de gestão de estoques e a prática empresarial na reposição de peças em concessionárias de automóveis." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-31012007-174410/.
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Este trabalho é um estudo de caso múltiplo, realizado em concessionárias do setor automotivo, que visa ao levantamento do estado atual da gestão dos estoques de peças de reposição e sua correlação com os modelos existentes na literatura sobre o tema. O estudo englobou sete concessionárias de quatro marcas, apontadas por especialistas das respectivas associações como sendo exemplos de boa gestão neste segmento. Os resultados apontaram que, de fato, no nível gerencial pesquisado existem grandes lacunas entre as teorias acadêmicas e as práticas, em especial quanto ao uso de técnicas de previsão de demanda, à decisão de estocagem dos produtos e às políticas de estocagem adotadas. O principal motivo para explicar estas lacunas é o desconhecimento das técnicas pelos gestores. Este desconhecimento parece estar ligado às deficiências na formação escolar e nos cursos de aperfeiçoamento oferecidos, pelas montadoras e associações, aos gestores destes estoques. Novas pesquisas são sugeridas, ao nível dos proprietários/acionistas das concessionárias, para verificação de outras possíveis explicações sobre os motivos destas lacunas. A pesquisa é concluída com diversas recomendações, tanto aos praticantes como aos acadêmicos, buscando a redução destas lacunas.This dissertation is a multiple case study, performed in automotive dealers. The objective is to evaluate current spare parts inventory management practices status and their correlations with existing models on academic references. The study included seven dealers (from four different brands) which were recognized as examples of good practices at spare parts management by the dealer association specialists. The results pointed out that, in fact, at the managerial level interviewed, there are large gaps between academic theories and management practice, especially on demand forecasting, stocking decision and stocking policies. The gaps are mainly explained by managers? lack of knowledge on inventory control. This lack of knowledge seems to be caused by school and specialization courses (provided by automakers and dealers associations) deficiencies. New researches are suggested, at the owners/stockholders level, to verify other possible gap reasons. Research is concluded with several recommendations to academics and managers in order to reduce the theory-practice gap.
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Quintão, Rubia Auxiliadora Constancio. "Implicações das atividades tecnologicas de subsidiarias de empresas multinacionais para a constituição de capacidades inovativas de fornecedores na industria automotiva brasileira." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287792.
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Orientador: Ruy de Quadros CarvalhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Politica Cientifica e Tecnologica
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Resumo: Neste trabalho, buscou-se investigar se o crescimento e fortalecimento das atividades de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) das subsidiárias brasileiras de empresas multinacionais (MNCs), na indústria automobilística brasileira, tem levado ao envolvimento de seus fornecedores localizados no Brasil em atividades tecnológicas e resultado em sua maior capacitação tecnológica. A tese se vale do quadro conceitual desenvolvido por Lall (1992) a respeito do processo de aquisição de capacidades de inovação das empresas industriais em países em desenvolvimento, bem como de sua taxonomia para classificar os tipos e níveis dessas capacidades. A contribuição das relações entre fornecedores e clientes da indústria automotiva para a aquisição de capacidades inovativas pelos fornecedores é estudada a partir dos conceitos de tipos de vínculos de aprendizado entre empresas, desenvolvidos por Ariffin e Bell (1999). A tese analisa os resultados da investigação das trajetórias percorridas por empresas de autopeças, dispostas em cinco grupos, segundo seus processos de acúmulo de capacidades tecnológicas. Procurou-se identificar quais são os tipos de vínculo de aprendizado que empresas subsidiárias clientes (montadoras e sistemistas) estabelecem com seus fornecedores (nacionais ou subsidiárias de MNCs), e sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento das capacidades inovativas desses fornecedores. Procurou-se também entender se e como os vínculos com instituições, como universidades e institutos de pesquisa, contribuíram para a aquisição de competências para inovar dos fornecedores de autopeças. A metodologia privilegiou estudos de caso, focados no detalhamento dos eventos inovativos mais expressivos - inovações tecnológicas específicas, de maior alcance em cada empresa - liderados por subsidiárias brasileiras de montadoras ou por produtores de autopeças locais. Para cada inovação, buscou-se identificar a participação dos diversos atores da cadeia de inovação, bem como, a qualidade e intensidade dessa participação e seus efeitos para o aprendizado. Assim, o foco nos eventos inovativos permitiu identificar o grau de capacitação tecnológica alcançado pelas empresas pesquisadas. A amostra compreendeu 6 subsidiárias de multinacionais produtoras de sistemas e autopeças e 8 empresas fornecedoras de autopeças nacionais. Os principais achados sugerem que, efetivamente, o incremento e a intensificação de atividades de P&D de MNCs automotivas no Brasil gera demanda por atividades tecnológicas nos fornecedores locais e contribui para seu progresso em termos de aquisição de capacidades tecnológicas. O desenvolvimento das capacidades de inovação dos fornecedores locais refere-se primordialmente a seu envolvimento com o codesenvolvimento de produtos. Apenas nos casos em que as subsidiárias efetivamente se engajam em atividades de pesquisa tecnológica, isso se desdobra no envolvimento de parceiros brasileiros com a criação de novas tecnologias. Por outro lado, a pesquisa também constatou que o incremento das capacidades tecnológicas dos fornecedores locais atua como fator de atração importante nas decisões de investimento em P&D das MNCs em suas subsidiárias brasileiras.
Abstract: The thesis investigates whether the growing and strengthening of Research and Development (R&D) activities performed by Brazilian subsidiaries of multinational companies in the automotive industry has led their suppliers located in Brazil to engage in technological activities, thus resulting in the upgrading in their technological capabilities. The thesis departs from the conceptual framework developed by Lall (1992) and by Bell and Pavitt (1995) respective to the acquisition of innovation capabilities of industrial firms in developing countries. It also makes use of their taxonomy to classify types and levels of such capabilities. The investigation has also focused how the relation between suppliers and customers contributes for the acquisition of innovation capabilities by suppliers. In this connection, it is based on concepts of types of learning links between companies, developed by Ariffin and Bell (1999). The work analyzes the results of the empirical study of the trajectories carried out by autopart companies in Brazil, which have been arranged in five groups, according to their accumulation of technological capabilities. The thesis seeks to identify the types of learning links that customer, subsidiary companies (assemblers and system suppliers) establish with their suppliers (national firms or multinational subsidiaries), and also their contribution to the development of the innovative capabilities of these suppliers. The thesis also seeks to understand whether and how the learning links with institutions - such as universities and research institutes - have contributed to the acquisition of innovation competencies by autopart suppliers. The research methodology was primarily based on case studies, which focused the detailed development of the most significant innovation events in each firm - specific technological innovations which impacted the companies in a larger scale - which have been leaded by Brazilian subsidiaries of local assemblers or of local autopart suppliers. For each innovation event, there was an attempt to identify the involvement of the several actors in the innovation chain, as well as an attempt to identify the quality and the intensity of this involvement and its impact on learning. Thus, the focus on innovation events allowed the identification of the level of technological capability reached by the companies studied. The sample comprised 6 subsidiaries of systems and autopart multinationals and 8 national autopart suppliers. The main findings suggest that improving and intensifying the R&D activities of automotive multinationals in Brazil generates demand for technological activities among local suppliers, besides contributing for their progress in terms of the acquisition of technological capability. The development of innovation capabilities by suppliers is basically related to their involvement in product co-design. Only in the cases in which the subsidiaries are actually engaged in activities of technological research, this leads to Brazilian partners being involved in the creation of new technologies. On the other hand, another finding was that improving the technological capabilities of local suppliers plays an important role in the decisions about R&D investments in Brazilian Subsidiaries of multinational companies.
Doutorado
Doutor em Política Científica e Tecnológica
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Merotte, Justin. "Contribution a l'étude des matériaux composites renforcés par des fibres végétales aiguilletées." Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS444.
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Proposer des solutions permettant de concevoir et de fabriquer des pièces automobiles performantes mais également respectueuses de l’environnement est devenu un enjeu majeur pour les équipementiers automobiles. Ces travaux de thèse s’inscrivent donc dans ce contexte de compréhension et d’amélioration des matériaux composites non-tissés aiguilletées renforcés par des fibres végétales. À partir d’un même matériau de base, il est possible d’obtenir des structures et des propriétés différentes grâce au contrôle du taux de porosités dans le matériau. On peut ainsi conférer au composite de bonne propriétés d’absorption acoustique à des taux de porosités élevés (50%) ou au contrainte privilégier la tenue mécanique du produit en les limitant. La structure du matériau et la liaison fibre/matrice vont évoluer avec la fraction de porosités et en résulteront des comportements mécaniques bien différents. Suivant le taux de porosité, les performances mécaniques seront donc principalement gouvernées par des paramètres différents tels que la liaison interfaciale ou le renfort. Dans un environnement automobile, les conditions climatiques (humidité et température) jouent un rôle prépondérant dans les performances des biocomposites non-tissés. En effet, l’adhérence fibre/matrice est essentiellement liée aux contraintes radiales compressives, qui sont largement influencées par l’état hygrométrique du renfort. Enfin, la valorisation les chutes de fabrication issues de la thermocompression pour modifier la structure du composite non-tissé a permis de développer un produit présentant un gain en rigidité significatifProposing solutions to produce more efficient and environmentally friendly automotive parts has become a major challenge for tier one suppliers. The work described in this thesis is about understanding and improving composite materials made with commingled plant fibre nonwovens. From the same initial nonwoven, it is possible to obtain very distinct material structures by controlling porosity content. One can then give to the material enhanced acoustic properties with high porosity content (50%) or in the contrary show good mechanical properties by limiting porosities. Material structure will evolve with porosity as well as its mechanical behavior. Thus, as function of porosity, interfacial adhesion of fibre mechanical properties will govern composite mechanical properties. Biocomposite automotive parts are exposed to a large range of climatic environments and their mechanical properties can vary significantly. Indeed, radial stresses are drastically influenced by the reinforcement hygroscopic state. Finally, the idea developing an innovative material structure from compression moulding wastes has helped enhancing material rigidity
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Koutecký, Tomáš. "Automatické generování pozic optického skeneru pro digitalizaci plechových dílů." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234200.
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This thesis deals with the development of a new methodology for automatic generation of scanning positions based on a computer model of the part for digitization of sheet metal parts. Manufacture and related inspection of sheet metal parts are closely connected to automotive industry. Based on increasing general requirements on accuracy, there is also a requirement for accurate inspection of manufactured parts in serial-line production. Optical 3D scanners and industrial robots are used more often for that purpose. Measuring positions for accurate and fast digitization of a part need to be prepared as the manufacturing of the new part begins. Planning of such positions is done manually by positioning of the industrial robot and saving the positions. The planning of positions proposed by this methodology is done automatically. A methodology of positions planning, their simulation for true visibility of the part elements using reflectance model and a simulation of the positions for robot reachability is presented in this thesis. The entire methodology is implemented as a plug-in for the Rhinoceros software. High reduction of time in positions planning compared to the manual approach was observed in the performed experiments.
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Maia, Ivan Gonçalves. "Efeito da camada de nitreto na porosidade em soldas de eixos automotivos." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263152.
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Orientador: Roseana da Exaltação TrevisanDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Visando solucionar o problema da ocorrência de poros em um cordão de solda de um eixo automotivo, o presente trabalho apresenta um estudo da influência de diferentes fatores na ocorrência de porosidade em juntas de aço soldadas pelo processo MIG/MAG robotizado. Basicamente, foi estudada a influência de três fatores na ocorrência dos poros. São eles, a presença de uma camada rica em nitretos na extremidade de um dos tubos que compõe a junta, a limpeza das superfícies a serem soldadas e a vazão do gás de proteção. Após a soldagem dos corpos de prova foram retiradas de cada um deles, três amostras da seção transversal do cordão de solda. A porosidade foi quantificada pela técnica de análise metalográfica por microscopia ótica. Os resultados de porosidade foram apresentados de duas maneiras, uma sem qualquer tipo de restrição quanto aos poros encontrados, e outra em que houve distinção quanto à localização dos poros na seção transversal do cordão de solda. Quando a porosidade foi quantificada de maneira geral, sem qualquer tipo de distinção quanto à localização dos poros, dois fatores influenciaram a ocorrência de poros na junta soldada. São eles, a presença da camada rica em nitretos e a vazão do gás de proteção. No outro caso, levando em consideração a localização dos poros na seção transversal do cordão de solda, foi constatado que para o caso dos poros localizados na raiz da junta, a presença da camada rica em nitretos gerada pelo processo de corte a plasma na extremidade do tubo correspondente ao metal-base 1 afetou significativamente a porosidade resultante no cordão de solda. Além dos ensaios experimentais, ensaios práticos foram realizados no próprio chão de fabrica de produção dos eixos. A realização de ensaios práticos visou avaliar a solução proposta para eliminação da ocorrência de porosidade no cordão de solda dos eixos. Os resultados destes ensaios comprovaram que a substituição do gás utilizado para o corte a plasma na extremidade do tubo correspondente ao metal-base 1, de ar comprimido por oxigênio puro, inibiu a formação dos poros
Abstract: In order to solve the occurrence of pores in weld beads of an automotive axle, the present work studies the influence of three different factors on the occurrence of porosity in joints welded by robotized GMAW process. The factors analyzed were: the presence of a region enriched by nitrides on the surface of the tube related to the base metal 1, the surface cleanliness of the joint components, and the shielding gas flow. Three samples of the weld bead transversal section were retired in each specimen. The porosity was quantified by metalographic analysis technique using an optical microscope. The results were presented by two different ways. In one of this ways, pores were quantified without any kind of distinction. In the other way, pores were grouped in accordance of their location in the weld bead transversal section. The pores quantified without any kind of distinction were affected by the ¿presence of the coat¿ and by the shielding gas flow. The pores located near the joint root were affected only by the ¿presence of the coat¿. In addition to the experimental specimens, practical experiments were made in the axles line production. These practical experiments were developed to evaluate a proposed solution to prevent the occurrence of the pores on the weld bead of the axles. The results of these practical experiments proved that changing the compressed air used in the plasma cut of the extremities of the tube related to the base metal 1 by pure oxygen gas inhibited the pores formation
Mestrado
Materiais e Processos de Fabricação
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Fristedt, Erika, and Malin Gustavsson. "Styrningens roll vid en strategiförändring : - från eftermarknad till att inkludera serieproduktion." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-85753.
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Abstrakt Bakgrund: Bilindustrin står i dagsläget mitt i en omstrukturering av marknaden, där ansvar för produktion av detaljer förflyttas från biltillverkarna till underleverantörerna. Med denna omstrukturering följer högre krav på kvalitetsnivå och kostnadspress som underleverantörerna måste förhålla sig till. Fallföretaget (Företag X) gjorde cirka 2015 en strategiförändring från att enbart tillverka detaljer till reservdelsmarknaden (eftermarknad) till att även producera till nybilsmarknaden (serieproduktion) där målet var att skapa tillväxt och lönsamhet. Efter strategiförändringen har Företag X vuxit snabbt, men samtidigt har lönsamheten sjunkit till att 2018 vara obefintlig. Affärerna som upphandlas uppvisar positiva marginaler, vilket skapar förvirring i företaget om orsakerna bakom de finansiella prestationerna. Någonstans i deras processer sker något som styrningen inte fångar eller förvarnar om. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att kartlägga strategiförändringen, implementeringen och Företag X:s styrning för att skapa en ökad förståelse för hur styrning kan stödja en strategiförändring från eftermarknad till att även inkludera serieproduktion. Vidare skall studien bidra med rekommendationer för kritiska egenskaper i styrningen som behöver fokuseras på i samband med en strategiförändring. Ett bidrag skapas även genom att avbilda den resa Företag X har genomgått och vilka utmaningar den har bidragit med. Metod: Studien grundas i en fallstudie på Företag X, där en växling mellan referensramen och den empiriska insamlingen har nyttjats för att möjliggöra en justering av referensramen för att matcha studiens riktning. Genom att använda metoderna kunde vi uppfylla syftet med studien och därmed skapa ett relevant, teoretiskt bidrag till forskningen. Resultat: Företag X:s styrning fångar inte beslutsrelevant information och därmed skapas en problematik i företaget. De måste förtydliga styrningen utefter de rekommendationer som delges. Vidare är de kritiska egenskaperna som behöver fokuseras på i styrningen: stödjande, signalerande, diagnostiserande, säkerställande, informationsspridande och motivationsskapare.Abstract Background: The automobile industry is currently experiencing a reconstructuring of the market, where the responsibility of detail production is transferred between the car manufacturers to their subcontractors. The transference of responsibility also includes an increase in demand from the car manufacturers to the subcontractors to deliver higher quality products at a low cost. The case company (Company X) changed their strategy 2015 to include new car manufacturing in their already existing spare-part production with the intention to create growth and profitability. After the strategic change Company X has grown rapidly, but at the same time profitability has decreased and 2018 the profitability was non-existent. The business agreements show positive margins, which creates confusion in the company about is causing the decrease in financial performance. Somewhere in their processes something is happening that the management control systems aren’t capturing or warn about. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to map the strategy change, implementation and Company X's management control to create an increased understanding of how management control can support a strategy change from only producing spare-parts to also include manufacturing of new cars. Furthermore, the study will contribute with recommendations for critical features of management control that needs to be focused upon during strategic change. A contribution is also created by depicting the journey that Company X has undergone and what challenges it has contributed with. Method: The study is based on a case study of Company X, where an iteration between the reference frame and the empirical collection took place to enable an adjustment of the reference frame to match the direction of the study. By utilizing the methods, we were able to fulfill the purpose of the study and thereby create a relevant, theoretical contribution to the research. Conclusion: Company X's management control does not capture decision-relevant information and thus problems are created within the organization. They ought to change their management control in accordance to the recommendations. Furthermore, the critical features that need to be focused on are: supportive, signaling, diagnosing, securing, information spreading and motivation creator.
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張宗洲. "The construction of marketing channels &; brand positioning for automotive spare parts in China after-service market." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nr7f5k.
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碩士逢甲大學
經營管理碩士在職專班
102
Due to the cartel by the OEM supply chain, consumers have been always incredibly overcharged for periodic maintenance and repairing of their cars. As a result, most of the car owners are forced to move to independent car repairing market. But, quality of spare parts is a big issue. Worse than that, pirated and fake brand spare parts with poor quality have been full of the market. Consumers do not trust the whole system of aftermarket industry any more. Briefly speaking, the integrity and information transparency of the traditional distribution channels is the key problem. To solve this problem, the newly developed e-commerce business model provides a total solution to serve consumers with guaranteed quality at reasonable price. In Taiwan, most manufacturers of spare parts are small and medium sized business scale, mostly with low brand popularity but good at subcontracted manufacturing. This research focus on 「the construction of distribution channel」 &; 「brand positioning」for enterprises who intend to develop their own brand in China. And also for those enterprises who are looking for business opportunity by subcontract manufacturing model. Here in the following is the conclusion of this reseach. First for subcontract manufacturing business, it is better to focus on the market oligarchy with the capability of cross-industry integration. These market oligarchy intergrate 「wide variety of spare parts」、「logistics」、 「periodic maintenance &; repairing」and「finance &; insurance」all together and offering car owners a convenient、fast and honest total solution to fulfil their needs. There are three different types of market oligarchy with different industry background have been underdeveloping .They are local car manufacturing groups、well-know international brands &; third party e-commerce platform Secondly, for enterprises who intend to develop their own brand in Mainland Chinese market, it is better to cut into the market by direct distribution channel via O2O e-commerce platform so as to communicate directly with car owners and car-repairing shops to develop brand value and brand popularity. But it is necessary to evaluate if enterprise’s resource and capability are enough to support such a huge market. As for the brand positioning, it seems like easier for Taiwanese company to start from high quality at medium price position to achieve effective market share first,then move to the position of medium-high price market By qualitative research, natural research method and field study are used for this research. Take the advantage of business meeting &; trade fairs, interview &; interact with counterparts under the natural ambience. Research objects include 「executive officer of industry association」、「spare parts distributors」and「purchasing managers of current clients 」. Unstandardized interviews &; secondary data are used for data and information collection. Fee-based electronic database &; industry news report from internet are the main source of secondary data. As regards the data analysis, editing method is applied and focus on the following key elements：quality、price、brand、market scale、market trend、e-commerce、payment term.
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Rozhdestvenskiy, Dmitry. "Product Tracking and Direct Parts Marking System Optimization." Thesis, 2010. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/7155/1/Rozhdestvenskiy_MASC_S2011.pdf.
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Tai, Min-Tsung, and 戴敏宗. "PURCHASING DCISION FOR AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONIC PARTS INDUSTRY." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05573999887341722171.
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碩士大同大學
事業經營學系(所)
97
Automotive parts industry is always a semi-closed big industry. The general industry’s supply chain is limited to different extent by this industry. Apart from the limitation of the contract between suppliers and manufacturers, the practical materials purchasing is the most important management job. The research is divided into two parts, mainly studying the relevant cost of purchasing operation of the current practical materials of the individual case, and then establishing the best purchasing quantity model, finally studying the difference between the relevant cost and the original cost after introducing the best purchasing quantity model. The second part is about analyzing and adjusting values of other production costs to further explore the feasibility of the model. WIESON, the automotive electronics parts manufacturers of Taiwan, located in Dongguan of mainland China, is took by the research as the object of the individual case. The research’s conclusions are as follows: 1. Analysis quantity and lead time of delivery actual demand, calculate out its standard deviation with reach the goods one equally in demand on average day to calculate out every supplier. And then ask out the real purchase cost after producing the establishment cost of this product and holding cost to test. 2. The best batch calculating each of supplier with the model of best quantity of purchase in this research purchase the quantity , compare this two and then correlate with above-mentioned production the cost is calculated . Best purchase quantity model can purchasing batch supplier total cost reduce 22 to 30 percentage effective. 3. In this industry, because the automobile company is dispatched from the factory the vehicle must have a hundred per cent good rate of quality, in order to protect the firm. So the flaw not allow to happen and defer delivery in supplier' part offered. If this kind of situation takes place, it is very difficult for this supplier to obtain the qualified supplier's qualification again in this industry, so in this range of limiting of research, this risk is extremely low. But will this risk consider in the lump among model that this research institute put forward this. 4. In this research learning that the best purchase model put forward according to this case can reduce the real purchase cost situation, but reference of a model of verification that it is further, carry on number value adjustment to the state of set up cost, holding cost and delivery date accuracy of supplier. Prove after analysis the change of number value, after adjusting number value according to this model , will influence and purchase the quantity best, and correct and effective reducing purchase cost. According to the model of best quantity of purchase which this research institute puts forward, can help a case enterprise to reach the purchase cost to minimize, the decision before the goods, materials and equipments unit purchases in order to correspond to reality will be consulted according to the model.
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Hsih-Shiu, Lin, and 林世修. "A Case Study on Taiwan Automotive Parts Industry─Strategies of Crash Parts Suppliers." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28103870707634929785.
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Sheng-feng, Yan, and 顏聖峰. "Development of Marking inspection system of taping machine for SMD parts." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33759417493079169829.
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碩士遠東技術學院
機械研究所
92
In this paper , a marking inspection system of the Surface Mount Device is constructed for checking the characters of mark . The reference point , in the image is obtained by calculating the correlation coefficient . In the image processing , the noise filter principal of the digital logical circuit is used to enhance the image background characteristics . And the average of grey-level and standard deviation are also adopt to increase the contrast of image , such that the identification rate is improved . Then , the Learning Vector Quantization neural network algorithm is utilized for training the sample characters . The proposed image processing algorithm is simple and the computing time can be saved . The results obtained from the experiment indicate ： the identification rate can reach to 99.14﹪ and the needed time for identifying three Ics in a image is about 0.15 second . From these results, the proposed image identification technique is more practical and can be implemented to the on-line inspection system .
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Riaz, Muhammad. "Characterization of Corn Fibres for Manufacturing Automotive Plastic Parts." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/5207.
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The study examined the properties of stalk and cob fibres from recombinant inbred corn lines and their parents, grown at two locations, in a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix. The objectives were to: determine fibre compositions; evaluate the effects of fibres on the functional properties of biocomposites and identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and gene markers for fibre performance in biocomposites. Significant Genotype*Location effects were observed. Composites had lower strength (impact, tensile, and flexural) but higher tensile/flexural modulus values than pure PLA. The latter were positively affected by cellulose and hemicellulose but negatively affected by free phenolic levels and 93 fibre QTLs and 62 composite markers were detected. This study identified fibre traits and markers for genes that may be important for the use of corn fibres in biocomposites.Ontario BioCar Initiative Project funded by Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, The Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA) and Ontario Public Sector
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Su, Wei-Jung, and 蘇韋仲. "Replenishment Model Considering Supply Uncertainty for Automotive Service Parts." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65724756186353006159.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
商學研究所
95
Due to the globalization and the World Trade Organization (WTO) participating regulation, Taiwan has lowered automobile tariff year by year and also canceled the limitation of spare parts homemade rate of homebred autos. Viewing the local market, local automotive companies have suffered in dilemma of price war to protect their market shares and faced the challenge from importing cars. Without economic of scale in production, local agents have no bargaining power to suppliers; moreover, large amount of adverting and authorized expenses also erode the profitability of local agents. All of these lead automotive industry in Taiwan to a tough situation. In spite of diminishing of car selling market in Taiwan since 1994, enterprises need to develop another department to recover the lost margin in car selling. Local agents turn into after-sales service market to provide diversified service, such as repairing service, insurance, purchasing installment and auto releasing service, not just offering a premium and additional dividends to promote car selling. In order to ensure customers satisfaction to re-consume, local agents must store a fixed level of spare parts to meet customers’ emergency demand and maintain a certain service level. Too much and unnecessary inventory may keep too much current capital, resulting in difficulty of business operating. Lowering down inventory level , however, may damage the desired service level. In this paper, it is studied how to restructure a new inventory policy based on the existing inventory management methods although there are plenty of papers about the relationship of inventory level arising and stochastic demand. This study focus on discussing the stochastic of lead time of supply-side generate rising inventory under known and controllable demand variation. By taking a real local automotive agent—H Inc. as the case to discuss, this study plans to use FCM algorithm for clustering the parts most frequently demanded with large quantity. Through setting up clustering rules, the optimal reorder cycle would be calculated by the tradeoff among related inventory costs. And at last, it turns out to establish a reasonable and logical inventory policy for H Inc. used. As the results of simulations, it is found that programming model of this study can efficiently decrease current inventory quantity under certain limitation of service level. The difference between air and sea transportation expenses and the margin of service parts has mutually impact on deciding order cycle. Further via sensitive analysis, it is suggested for enterprise to lift order cycle if the less-than-cargo emergency parts transportation expenses increase or inventory carrying costs raises. Observing from the inventory model, moreover, other inventory-related opportunity cost would have great influence on inventory level for the purpose of maximizing customer satisfaction.
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Muthusamy, Govindasamy Vijaya Priya. "Thermal modeling and imaging of as-built automotive parts." 2004. http://etd.utk.edu/2004/MuthusamyGovindasamyVijayaPriya.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2004.Title from title page screen (viewed Jan. 13, 2005). Thesis advisor: Mongi A. Abidi. Document formatted into pages (ix, 100 p. : ill. (some col.)). Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-99).
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Lin, Chih Chien, and 林志堅. "The Benefit Evaluation of Vertical Integration for Automotive Parts." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41402996509026096827.
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碩士國立暨南國際大學
管理學院經營管理碩士學位學程碩士在職專班
103
The Taiwanese auto part industry has gradually started to play an important role in the global market, and in order to remain competitive it must be able to face today’s and tomorrow’s challenges. On the one hand, the auto part industry must seek to reshape and improve its research and development skills to adapt to the new environmentalist naturalcapitalism. On the other hand, it must endeavor to import mature technology and products into Taiwan to keep its position within the global supply chain. This study explores the value chain and supply chain of the auto industry from the perspective of transaction costs, and analyzes its ability to achieve resource integration with the aim of reducing transaction costs incurred in the supply chain process. Manufacturing processes in the auto industry show tight relationships between upstream and downstream suppliers. Analysis of vertical integration and its motives reveals that either forward or backward integration both offer opportunities for improvement to the industry as long as it is entirely united into a collaborative unit and pursues research, development and innovation. From purchasing strategies analyzed, this research identified the following factors affecting purchasing costs: product cost, product quality and production performance. Only by improving quality and performance, costs incurred during production and transaction can be reduced, thereby increasing overall profit.
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Chang, An-Chi, and 張安圻. "Growth Strategies - The Case of an Automotive Parts Company." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rcaewf.
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Chou, Wan-yu, and 周婉瑜. "A Study of Automotive Parts Industry in Mainland China." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00589889464370358957.
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碩士淡江大學
中國大陸研究所碩士班
102
Automotive parts industry is the basic important of automobile industry. The growing trend of automotive parts is related with whole field’s level of development. In comparison with every each country is consider automotive parts as basis. China automotive industry has been developing with high speed on production and sales to get an excellent achievement and become the best country of automobile of the world. However, the development of automotive parts is uneven so that couldn’t be a competitive cooperation. It’s urgent that china has to intensify automotive parts in order to be a world power. China automotive parts industry has been developing for 60 years. Automotive parts industry is getting stronger along with production’s increase and under the government’s assistance. It appears on three points including the scale of industry, exportation are increased and industrial agglomeration. Although china automotive parts industry has a great achievement, but it still has a quite distance with whole industry even with international level. This study used SWOT theory to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats of china automotive spares industry for automotive parts industry and policy directions as reference.
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Tsai, Meng-Hung, and 蔡孟宏. "Study of Laser Coloration Marking of Stainless Steel Vehicle Parts using Fiber Laser." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91562133214699782498.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
車輛工程系所
98
This study investigated the laser beam adjusted for different operating parameters, line distances, and scan angles during the carving process of a material. The subject of this study focuses on the coloration using laser beam on the workpiece of different materials while its surface had been treated by different annealing processes. Current study shows that the coloration was only successful for a certain range of parameters. If these parameters were out of their range, the coloration could be barely successful. The results show that the change in color was possible for the types 304, 316, and 430 stainless steel workpiece whose surface was polished, unpolished, or sand blasted. Among these workpieces, the polished type 316 stainless steel gave the best coloration result. In addition, when the scan angle of the laser was changed, no significant change in coloration was observed. When operating under different line distances and loops while other parameters remained the same, it could be found that the coloration varied with the line distance and loop because the heat was too concentrate. When only the tilt angle was increased, the coloration did not change significantly but the dimension of the scan region became smaller. In order to understand the reasons behind the coloration process, this study selected 304 stainless steel for observation and further analysis through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), optical microscope (OM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Through XRD, the increase in the amount of a certain oxide could be observed for a particular color; through OM, the color on the workpiece surface changed after being scanned with laser; and through SEM, the formation of oxide films and precipitate could be identified. Finally, the thin film interference method could be used to explain the coloration process of a workpiece. This technology can be applied to future car for security, barcode, or logo labeling purposes.
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Hsu, Nai-Yao, and 許乃堯. "Establishing an Error-Proofing Production System for Automotive Welding Parts." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01175473622899817193.
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碩士國立交通大學
管理學院碩士在職專班工業工程與管理組
95
The automotive industry in Taiwan is facing the market saturation. All manufacturers have been devoted themselves not only to continuously improve the product quality to maintain their home market share and but also to get more export orders. In addition to the well-known quality control tools, such as Statistical Process Control or Six Sigma, the application of error-proof is a very effective tool to prevent quality problems resulted from carelessness by first-line workers. The error proofing system (also called mistake proofing or poka yoke) proposed by Shingo, is originated from Japanese electrical manufacturers. The big three automotive makers in the USA and the ISO/TS16949 quality management system particularly request automotive component suppliers include the error proofing tools in their product realization. There are few studies explicitly discuss the application of error proofing tools in practice. Therefore, in this research, we design an error proofing production system for the manufacturing process of automotive welding parts in both new part development and mass production stages. Our system combines the application of team work, failure measure and effects analysis (FMEA), and quality control story. We aim at generating an error proofing plan in the new part development stage and suggesting a series of continuous improvement activities based on error-proofing techniques during mass production. Two case studies drawn from automotive welding part suppliers are presented to show the feasibility and effectiveness of our research.
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Chi, Yi-Fan, and 紀奕凡. "The picking time and racking management of automotive parts retailers." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kmrqvt.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
車輛工程系所
99
Nowadays automotive parts retailers in Taiwan have experienced several times of market changing. After changed, they have to face the brand new market which includes the more brands of vehicle but the less quantity of vehicle. Vice versa, they have to change the way they used to deal with their inventory to adopt this market changing. In the past, retailers in Taiwan were used to have only one picker to be responsible for inventory management. But this has to be changed they face a more complicate situation for now. Under this case, we researched the picking time both of the D and H retailer to figure out and measure thepicking time while their picker do picking from their own warehouse then analyzed the data we get from them by statistics theory.After comparison, we have found that automotive retailer actually could save their picking time by doing racking and inventory management so it is worth for retailers in Taiwan starting to tidy their goods up on racks in their warehouse.
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CHEN, PO-YU, and 陳博宇. "The research on strategic alliances of automotive parts manufacturing industries." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/e5gw9m.
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碩士南臺科技大學
行銷與流通管理系
104
In the era of global competition, many companies have realized that their own resources are limited. They should be to achieve policy objectives through cooperation patterns. This study was aimed to explore Taiwanese SMEs seeking strategic alliances, through integration of multiple resources to develop quite different from conventional products or technologies, so that SMEs can understand strategic alliances. This research uses “in-depth interview” and combined semi-structured interviews to proceed. First we formulate the contents of the interview questions to let interviewers answer those questions. The principles of designing the interview questions are: partners’ trust insights, the considerations of political factor, the suggestion of internal management, marketing practices recommendation and financial management issues. There are total 5 principles to compose the contents of the interview questions. Then we analyze the research data by SWOT analysis. This research focuses on what strategies that alliance members should make to respond accordingly to internal and external environment. Using SWOT analysis we determine the potential strategies are: the advantage on price to attract the customers, resource integration to respond competitors and main automakers help R&D trend about technology transition and other related strategies. It can reach final goal of earning profit. In order to have a strategic alliance, the enterprises must comply with “information transparency”, “process standardization” and "education and training” to enhance the members’ professional knowledge, trust insights and benefit sharing. Those are the challenges that should be faced by the enterprise alliance.
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Hsiao, Chun Fu, and 蕭俊富. "The Study For Enhancing Picking Efficiency In Automotive serrvice-Parts Warehouse." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a6k4y7.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
車輛工程系所
95
ABSTRACT Title: Enhancing Picking Efficiency For Service Parts Of Automotive Warehouse Page:149 School: National Taipei University of Technology Department: Vehicle Engineering Time: July 2007 Degree: Master Researcher: Chun Fu Hsiao Advisor: Shiuh Jer Huang Keywords: The mainly studying method of this thesis is briefly learning and introducing top Global automakers, global automotive component manufacturers, and domestic car-making industry and prediction of its future. Data and information Collection from automakers and automotive components manufactures, reference to the academic literatures, interview of domestic car-maker’s executive officers, these data, information and academic literatures, and executive officers’ interview will put together and be experimented in the physically routine warehouse operation. Through study, research, and physical operation to prove the theory can be feasible to be adopted. The subject of Supply Chain in the automotive industry, specially mentioned After-sales function, it can function as sales forecasting, placing orders, goods receiving, put-away to shelf, inventory management, sales order processing, picking & packing, delivery and logistic, and, finally, invoicing and financing. Different industries for the above key words have their definitions, and there are somehow a little bit difference. The key words will be defined by the viewpoint of automotive industry and expect studiers and researchers to fully realize them without deviation of mainly studying Pertaining to the mainly subject of studying, Enhancing Picking Efficiency For Service Parts Of Automotive Warehouse, it is quite concentrated and focused studying subject. For studying it, the warehouse operating functions and processing ought to be fully understanding and realizing before commencing studying. The functions such as preparing initial inventory to meet the market demand, placing orders to the foreign sources, selecting forwarder and custom broker for declaring and custom clearance, applying the goods declaration before taxing, invoice and packing list automatically download and eat-in to warehousing management system, goods receiving and put-away, receiving customers’ order, picking and packing, goods delivered route, and finally night shipped arrangement. Each respective function is closely linked warehouse routine operations. The first step of studying is concentrating on realizing respective function of warehouse, and then narrows down to the mainly subject, Enhance Picking Efficiency For Automotive Warehouse. Through the systematic analysis for parts sales history, the hit rate will be identified and then parts stock locations will be re-designed and re-located. This purpose is expecting that the picker can pick more parts in the same time frame. It means that picking the same items and quantities will use less time compared to the before parts re-location. The time and manpower saving can use to support other functions which need more manpower. As most warehouse operation, the parts no on the picking order is sorted by aisle-bin number, therefore, the picker will be walking around the whole warehouse to implement this picking order. It is definitely waste the time and picker energy. Imagine, if the warehouse can be setup a golden zone, and put the highest hit-rate parts into this golden zone, the picker just surrounds the golden zone to pick all he or she need to pick. It should save picker’s time and energy, certainly improve the picking efficiency. As a automotive service parts warehouse, its parts stock shelves can be categorized into three types, small size, middle size, big or over-weight shelf. Different size parts ought to put into his designated shelf. The meaning of parts re-location is expressing that highest hit-rate parts which parts size and shape are quite similar are putting into the same area. The area is named golden zone. As a result, the picker just walks through the golden zone to pick what he wants to pick. Eliminate the waste, save picking time and picker energy, this is the mainly purpose of this study.