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1
Starkey, Darin M. "Environmental analysis of Illinois coal entry into the transportation market /." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1796120861&sid=10&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Starkey, Darin Michael. "ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF ILLINOIS COAL ENTRY INTO THE TRANSPORTATION MARKET." OpenSIUC, 2009. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/479.
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High oil prices and nationalist desires to reduce foreign dependency create opportunities for Illinois bituminous coal to be involved in the transportation market. Using Illinois coal for transportation will have varied environmental effects depending on the method of involvement. To determine these effects, this study calculated CO2 emission for gasoline and eight other vehicle propulsion methods involving Illinois coal for 100,000 miles traveled. The vehicle propulsion methods considered were electricity from Pulverized coal in a Sub-Critical power cycle (PSC), electricity from Integrated Gasification Combined power Cycle (IGCC), electricity from an Ultra Super Critical power cycle (USC), ethanol, butanol, Fischer-Tropsch (FT) diesel, hydrogen, and a combination IGCC/ethanol system to propel vehicles that use their respective fuels. Results show USC, IGCC, PSC, and hydrogen emitted the lowest CO2 with a net of 69,494, 72,866, 75,752, and 81,587 lb CO2/100,000 miles respectively. The base-line gasoline method emitted 99,170 lb CO2, while ethanol, butanol, and IGCC/ethanol methods emitted 97,078, 106,338, and 92,449lb CO2, respectively. The highest CO2 emission came from Fischer-Tropsch diesel with 180,560 lb CO2. It was concluded that life cycle energy efficiency and CO2 offset were the most influential factors for CO2 emissions per 100,000 miles.
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Dahlström, Sara, and Susanne Bern. "Strategic market entry by applying the path dependency approach." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-133463.
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Entering a new market is one of the most important strategic decisions a company makes, and being an external player can make it possible to reveal opportunities not apparent to the industry players. The key is to not take industry structures for granted, but to think outside the box when formulating the entering strategy. This study rests on the assumption that there are factors in industries that are more path dependent than others, hence they are rigid and difficult to change. These factors could eventually prevent the industry from evolving even though new technology and processes are available. By first identifying factors strongly governed by path dependency and then delving deeper to understand the reason why they have not changed, this study argue that new business opportunities can evolve. The approach developed in this paper is particularly beneficial when the product or service is not yet developed and the company has many different resources, enabling a more diversified product portfolio, in which opportunities can be prioritized against the company resources. This enables matching a product or service to the industry rather than pushing it out on the market. In this report the path dependency approach is applied on the banana market, which has features governed by path dependency, and the entering company is a subsidiary to an established company and thereby has multiple resources as well as products and services. Since the subsidiary chose to proceed with the strategy formulated by using the path dependency approach the findings from the case study show that the approach can be useful when entering a new market. The report concludes that the concept of path dependency is ambiguous and subjective but could be useful when formulating an entry strategy into a new market. However, further research is needed to evaluate the application of the approach and the path dependency approach should primarily be seen as a complement to existing market entry strategies.
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Zadražilová, Lucie. "Market Entry Strategy of EF Education First." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124536.
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The principal goal of its thesis is to conduct a research and do the analyses necessary for the decision whether to enter a foreign market and in case of positive answer the entry strategy is to be suggested. The research and analyses are done on the case of EF Education First, a global company doing its business activities in the educational sector with the main specialization in language learning, and the market of Ukraine. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part which summarizes main elements and academic knowledge important for the entry market strategy including modes of entry, international specifics, marketing of services and 7Ps. In the practical part, the findings from the PEST analysis conducted on the Ukrainian market are presented and the internal environment of the company is analyzed. The two main strategies are selected and their advantages and potential limitations are presented. The final recommendation is made.
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Holubová, Michaela. "Market Entry Strategy for a Start-Up Company to Germany." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199029.
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The goals of my thesis are to present the researched company an analysis of a German market in a speed-reading industry, to discuss the correctness of company's hypotheses about the German market compared to the German reality, and to suggest a marketing strategy for the company's market entry supporting the selected market entry mode. In the first part, the theoretical section is introduced in which motives for foreign entry, followed by models of an environment analysis, of entry modes and of a customer analysis are described. These models are further used in the second part in which specifically speed-reading market in Germany and a German customer are analyzed. Based on the analyses, the market entry mode of the company is suggested, followed by the evaluation of the previously defined hypotheses regarding a German customer and a product, and, lastly, the next steps which the company should execute are proposed.
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Planakis, Arietta, and Christian Martinsson. "Market Selection and Entry Mode Choice in the European Voluntary Carbon Market : A market analysis for Tricorona Climate Partner." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-155645.
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Strážnický, Matúš. "Application of Game Theory principles in the oligopoly-characterized industry." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113005.
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The goals of the master thesis are describing the strategic oligopoly environment of chosen industry of Czech telecommunications, together with introducing basic game theory principles with their possible real case application. It mentions historical shifts in Czech telecommunications sector which influence the actual industry conditions. The thesis briefly describes the individual players in the market and turns its attention towards the industry characterization through standard oligopoly models. Following, it introduces theoretical insight on possible market entry strategies into oligopoly industries. The application part focuses on game-theory in pricing strategies, market entry and entry deterring scenarios with examples. Final part summarizes the objectives in detail and provides final comments on the thesis.
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Schumacher, Heiner. "A game-theoretic analysis of a market for long-term relationships." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:180-madoc-20240.
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Erlandsson, Erik, and Habane Hassan. "Expansion of a small Swedish IT firm : A market and entry mode selection." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-169204.
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Internationalization within the information communication technology (ICT) sector has become more essential today and this has raised the international competition over customers. The Nordic markets growth and development in its ICT sector has brought new competition and has been the substance of change in business concerning, organizational changes, reduce transaction costs and rationalize and restrict supply chains. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to compare the Nordic ICT markets and the potential for small IT firm namely, Radar Group International AB. To be able to understand Radar Group’s potential in the Nordic IT markets this thesis is divided in to two aspects, market selection and entry mode selection. When we have evaluated the Nordic markets we made, based on our findings recommendations to Radar Group in what market to enter and how to enter that market. For comprehensive understanding of this study, we choose concentration of the theoretical framework committed to the subject, market selection and entry mode selection. Furthermore, we used qualitative method in collecting the empirical data consisting of raw data and in-depth interviews with three international IT firms based in Sweden about their market selection and entry mode selection. Our conclusion indicates that Radar Group should explore the Norwegian market as it offers greater customer potentials and stronger economic growth. While expanding to the Norwegian market, it is our opinion that Radar Group should use Joint venture as their entry mode. It is the most suitable mode for Radar Group in terms of financial aspect, the company’s business concept and previous experience.
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Čubová, Lenka. "Analysis of entry into different mystery shopping markets within a global company." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359274.
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This thesis deals with the topic of internal outsourcing of mystery shopping management within the multinational company Ipsos. The company has currently set up a Global Support Center for mystery shopping in Prague. The Global Support Center is supposed to create shopper panels (i.e. groups of mystery shoppers available to conduct mystery shopping tasks in a given country) in as many countries as possible and manage mystery shopping projects in these countries from the Czech Republic. The goal of this thesis is to find the most suitable market for the shopper panel construction, the market where panel construction is a priority over other markets.After analysing the different markets worthy of consideration through an application of the CAGE analysis and the Porter´s Five Forces, France has been chosen as the most reasonable market to pursue when constructing the shopper panels.
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White, Seth Brian. "Emerging market entry and risk assessment process analysis in a biopharmaceutical supply chain organization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81028.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70).
.Amgen is attempting to increase the impact that its products make in people's lives. To meet this goal, the company is aggressively working to reach more patients through growth opportunities in international markets and expects to significantly increase its existing footprint and product impact over the next several years. While the current market entry practices for emerging markets are meeting Amgen's needs, rapid expansion poses significant challenges. This thesis explores two primary aspects, the investigation of improvement opportunities in the commercialization of emerging markets and the development of a risk assessment model applicable to new market commercial entry. Both aspects relate to the larger problem of rapid international expansion and support its resolution in different forms. The assessment of improvement opportunities for emerging market commercialization strives to develop a tangible set of actions the organization can take forth in order to enhance the planning and execution of new market entry. The analysis is accomplished through an in depth study to determine the current level performance for commercial market entry. Based on the current state determination, a future vision is established which incorporates fundamental principles of operational excellence methodologies, integrating various techniques to develop a cohesive approach for improving current entry practices. An improvement roadmap is developed, detailing out specific actions, utilizing a phased implementation approach that allows for making incremental improvements. The risk assessment model establishes a tool the organization can utilize in order to properly identify risk associated with emerging market entry and enhance the decision making process that occurs at a senior leadership level as to whether or not a country should be entered. A scenario based evaluation methodology integrates cross-functional expertise across the organization assimilating information that is normally isolated to a small group within the company. The model determines risk levels for each scenario, generates a risk report and an output review is conducted with subject matter experts (SME) and functional leads. Scenarios that potentially require remediation are reviewed in a detailed risk assessment and resolved as necessary. Any substantial cost associated with control efforts are incorporated into the financial analysis for the target launch country, providing a better depiction of cost versus reward. Thus, the model increases the firm's ability to make agile risk-informed market entry decisions while providing a standardized method that is scalable cross-regionally.
by Seth Brian White.
S.M.
M.B.A.
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Christ, Eva. "Export strategy for the market entry of Companhia das Lezírias in Germany." Master's thesis, ISA, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15838.
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Mestrado Vinifera Euromaster - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL"Companhia das Lezírias", an important and ambitious winery of Portugal has the vision to export its sustainable and unique wines to Germany. Composing a detailed export strategy for the German wine market, was the main goal of this master thesis. The specific task encompassed the evaluation of the market potential for implementation of the wineries brand "Tyto Alba". To generate the best market entry possible several measurements are conducted: Firstly the analysis of internal strength and weaknesses of the winery Companhia das Lezírias and the product intended to be exported, to generate a specific adapted market research. The applied tools used are a PEST-Analysis, which included Politics, Economics, Society and Technology of Germany, which sketch the country Germany and its inhabitants. Furthermore a detailed wine market analysis is performed by outlining the whole supply chain, starting by the domestic wine production, import relations, the diversity of distribution channels and the position of Portuguese wine on the German wine market. The wine consumer analysis make it possible to narrow the target group for the wine brand and locates ideal potential consumers in the three federal states Hessen, Rhineland-Palatine and Nordrhein-Westfalen. Through the aid of a SWOT-analysis and the creation of a TOWS-Matrix, it is shown that the German wine market on the one hand is highly competitive and characterized by a high price pressure of the discounters, but on the other hand offers great opportunities for premium priced wines, innovative packaging and outstanding wine growing regions. The implementation of the wine brand "Tyto Alba" has therefore great chances on the German wine market, by focusing on the evaluated target group and the distribution channel of the specialist retailers. Four possible marketing strategies are the additional outcome and confirm the implementation of the product on the German wine market
N/A
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Akhsassi, Rania. "Foreign Market Entry Strategy & International Franchising : Doing Business in Morocco." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35548.
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Today’s market environment is increasingly growing due to the economical globalization; with international trade, financial transfers and foreign direct investments the economy is becoming highly interconnected. The advances in communication and transportation technology combined with free-market ideology, have given products and services remarkable mobility. Nowadays, international companies are focusing on opening the world markets to their goods especially in emerging markets in order to take advantage of these markets opportunities and be part of its developing and growing infrastructure. In order for international companies to enter foreign markets, there are a variety of factors to consider while planning a strategic approach to reach new customers and differentiate their products and services from national and international competitors within the chosen market. This thesis will focus on featuring the significant factors that could affect companies entering new markets; the study is a qualitative single case study of IKEA, it will specifically investigate IKEA’s franchising in the Moroccan market and forms of internal and external factors that could affect IKEA’s entry into the market as well as it will highlight the main concepts that managers should consider when planning to enter the Moroccan market. The study was based on theoretical framework combined with empirical findings that were collected from secondary data such as annually reports and trade documents as well as through conducting in-depth interviews with IKEA’s managers to increase the study reliability and validity. According to the study findings and analytical results, the conclusion is that IKEA will not face major internal and external obstacles that would affect their operations significantly. There are few factors that could arise while entering the Moroccan market but from a holistic view this minor interferences can be overcame through IKEA’s full awareness of the market and their application of a vigorous, flexible and convenient strategic approach.
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Bhatia, Martina, and Matilda Evaldsson. "Entry into the Swedish Wholesale Electricity Market and the Electricity Price : A Strategic Behavior Analysis." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12568.
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The aim of this paper is to analyze the strategic behavior of the leading firms on the Swedish wholesale electricity market. This thesis wishes to address the competition situation on the market and how the firms can manipulate the price in order to maximize the profits.
The Swedish electricity market was deregulated in 1996 and the predicted outcome was that the competition on the market would increase. However, today’s market is highly vertically integrated with three dominating firms; Vattenfall, E.ON, and Fortum. Moreover, the market has similar characteristics of an oligopoly with high entry barriers, limited room for product differentiation, and limited access of information.
The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index and the Lerner Index show that the wholesale electricity market is highly concentrated and that market power exists.
Besides external factors that affect the electricity price, such as emission trading and the amount of water in the reservoirs, the leading firms can with their market power manipulate the price. This can be done by preventing new entrants to enter the market which has led to underinvestment in new capacity with lower production costs.
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FU, YU. "Foreign market entry strategies : a case study for a Chinese pump manufacturer." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för teknik och miljö, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-9443.
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Economic globalization, regional economic cooperation and knowledge economy make a great impact on the development of the new century. The changes of international trade and investment reflect the variety of the world economy development; the world economic development, in turn, influences the international trade and investment in both quality and quantity (Feenstra, 1998). The international marketing has become an important trend in this modern society, global strategy has been put at the top of the agenda of many companies. And making development in the international market can also be a good solution for the companies to increase their competition (Mittelman, 1996). It is vital for those companies to deal with foreign market entry as a first step in accomplishing their global mission (Onkvisit & Shaw, 2004). How to enter a foreign market is very important in this case, so the purpose of this work is therefore to research important factors on entering a foreign market. The theories, including environmental assessment before entry and foreign market entry strategies, are summarized by literature review and in order to make the theories applicable, a case study on a company inChinahas been done in this work as well. The methods used in this work include collecting processed data from literature review, gathering primary data by telephone interviews and through e-mails. SWOT analysis is used to assess targeted market for the case company. The case company is Shandong Shuanglun Group which is a famous pump manufacturer inChina; its targeted market that the company wants to enter is the Italian market. After SWOT analysis, the conclusion of this work indicated that opportunities of entry targeted market for the case company includes favorable tax policies and relevant laws, the threats in high context culture and terrorist activities should be paid attention to. The company has strengths in product but weaknesses in service, strategic alliance with one local pump manufacturer and exporting could be their market entry modes.
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Lábaj, Martin, Karol Morvay, Peter Silanic, Christoph Weiss, and Biliana Yontcheva. "Market Structure and Competition in Transition: Results from a Spatial Analysis." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2016. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4851/1/wp218.pdf.
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The present paper provides first microlevel (indirect) empirical evidence on changes in the determinants of firm profitability, the role of fixed and sunk costs, as well as the nature of competition for a transition economy. We estimate size thresholds required to support different numbers of firms for four retail and professional service industries in a large number of geographic markets in Slovakia. The three time periods in the analysis (1995, 2001 and 2010) characterize different stages of the transition process. Specific emphasis is given to spatial spill-over effects between local markets. Estimation results obtained from a spatial ordered probit model suggest that entry barriers have declined considerably (except for restaurants) and the intensity of competition has increased. We further find that demand spill-overs and/or the effects associated with a positive correlation in unobservable explanatory variables seem to outweigh negative spill-over effects caused by competitive forces between neighboring cities and villages. The importance of these spatial spill-over effects differs across industries.Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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Labaj, Martin, Karol Morvay, Peter Silanic, Christoph Weiss, and Biliana Yontcheva. "Market structure and competition in transition: results from a spatial analysis." Taylor & Francis, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2017.1374535.
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The present article provides first microlevel (indirect) empirical evidence on changes in entry barriers, the determinants of firm profitability as well as the nature of competition for a transition economy. We estimate size thresholds required to support different numbers of firms for several retail and professional service industries in a large number of geographic markets in Slovakia. The 3 time periods in the analysis (1995, 2001 and 2010) characterize different stages of the transition process. Specific emphasis is given to spatial spill-over effects between local markets. Estimation results obtained from a spatial ordered probit model suggest that entry barriers have declined considerably (except for restaurants) and that the intensity of competition has increased on average. We further find that demand spill-overs and/or the effects associated with a positive correlation in unobservable explanatory variables seem to outweigh negative spill-over effects caused by competitive forces between neighbouring cities and villages. The importance of these spatial spill-over effects differs across industries.
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Lamberti, Virginia <1992>. "THE BOTTERO GROUP AND CHINA. Company positioning in the global market and analysis of the entry strategy in the Chinese market." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/13236.
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In the first chapter, after introducing the Bottero Group, reporting its history of expansion, talking about its values and mission, I describe the company’s core divisions (hollow glass, flat glass and special engineering). In the second chapter I outline the company positioning in the global market, mentioning its main competitors, clients and suppliers. The third chapter focuses on the Chinese market, its general characteristics and the perspective of Bottero. At this point, I also analyze the Bottero entry strategy in the Chinese market (Joint Venture with a local partner). In the fourth chapter, I specifically analyze the Bottero case study. I firstly outline the main features of the legal system in China, after I analyze the legal regulation of the JVs in China and then I examine the JV contracts between Bottero and its partner with a deeper dissection of the more sophisticated contract of 2009. Finally, I underline the common characteristics of Bottero to other western companies operating in China. The fifth chapter is a collection of interviews to key figures of the company. In the sixth chapter I organize a glossary of sector-specific and legal vocabulary I dealt with during the internships in the company and during my research.
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Marcinkowska, Anna. "Exploratory study of market entry strategies for digital payment platforms." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-147994.
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The digital payment industry has become one of the fastest evolving markets in the world, but in the wake of its rapid advancement, an ever increasing gap between academic theory and the actual reality of this market widens - and especially so when it comes to entry theory. It is widely acknowledged that the world is moving towards an ever more homogeneous economy, but despite the fact that payment preferences differ greatly from country to country - research on this subject continues to revolve mainly around localized efforts. But as historical inequalities between poor and rich societies continue to dissipate - learning from nations at the forefront of technological advancement increases the likelihood that the developed strategy becomes applicable to an increased number of countries. By selecting a nation most conducive to technological growth, the purpose of this report is to map the present dynamics in its digital payment industry using both recent and traditional market entry theory. However, studies geared towards globalized strategy formulation cannot be assumed as having guaranteed access to internal company-data at all times. So in order to facilitate such studies, the level of dependency on primary data required for conducting such research needs to be understood first, which is why the work in this report is constrained strictly to data of secondary nature. This, not only to further map the characteristics of this market, but also to see how open the market is to public inspection. Ultimately, the academic contribution becomes that of providing a road-map towards adapting currently available market entry theory to suit the rapidly evolving conditions of the digital payment industry from a global perspective and, when failing to do so, the aim is to also explore avenues for further research towards this end goal.
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Knight, John Lawry Cole. "Analysis of the modes of entry into the central East Africa market for a multinational enterprise." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/38.
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The research problem addressed in this study is to determine the potential of selling and marketing consumer goods by Multinational Enterprises (MNE) within the African markets. The mode of entry, the timing of entry, the different modes of entry, selection of the entry mode, the political and economic risks, core competencies of the company and strategic alliance was researched. To achieve this, research was executed on the above areas of importance using relevant literature in which an understanding of the international markets and their options of modes of entry were highlighted. In this way one is able to understand the importance of the international markets and the concerns of doing business in Africa in order to select the entry mode that could best suit the company and the country or countries in Africa. The literature study was then used to develop a questionnaire to test the degree to which managers in MNE in South Africa (SA) and Central East Africa (CEA) concur with regard to the decisions, risks, procedure, modes of entry and selection of modes of entry into Africa. The empirical results obtained indicate a strong concurrence with the analysis of the modes of entry into CEA market for an MNE. The analysis of the literature study, Chapter 2 and 3, gives business a good understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of the problems and opportunities associated with the entry decisions into CEA. Many other companies are entering the African markets from other parts of the world and SA has also been seen as a launching pad into Africa. The analysis will give companies the edge in seeing the problems and opportunities in African markets and the way forward when deciding to enter.
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Licklederer, Stefanie [Verfasser], and Bernd [Akademischer Betreuer] Fitzenberger. "The effectiveness of the education system for early labor market entry and mobility : : a microeconometric analysis." Freiburg : Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1128574306/34.
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Tan, Xiaohuan. "Nash strategies with adaptation and their application in the deregulated electricity market." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1164044251.
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Gunaydin, Alper. "A Game Of Clustered Electricity Generators." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610623/index.pdf.
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Turkish Electricity Market is modeled as a non-cooperative game with complete information in order to simulate the behavior of market participants and analyze their possible strategies. Player strategies are represented with multipliers in a discrete strategy set. Different market scenarios are tested through different game settings. As the novelty of this thesis, similar market participants are clustered and treated as single players in order to apply game theory in an efficient way. Generators are clustered using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering and Square Sum of Deviations is used as the proximity measure. The game is constructed with three players that reflect the main characteristics of the market participants. Clusters and game scenarios are constructed using the real market data of the Turkish Electricity Market at four different time points in 2008 and results are compared. Clustering results reflect the actual installed capacity distribution based on the main companies and fuel types in Turkish Electricity Market. According to four games of clustered electricity generators, when there is not enough competition in the market, dominant player is advised to submit bids with lower price for energy surplus cases and offers with higher price for energy deficit cases. However, when there is competition in the market, players are advised to submit offers with lower price in order to take a share of the limited demand for up-regulation.
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Reijntjes, Danny, and Ryan Wagijo. "Market Potential Analysis – A study of the Cosmetics Industry in the ABC Islands." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Marketing and Logistics, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19939.
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Abstract Background: The main aim of the research is to focus on the market potential of the cosmetic brands in the market of Aruba, Bonaire and Curacao (ABC islands). These islands are located in the Caribbean Sea in front of the coast of South-America. Before starting to expand, international companies first search for potential suitable markets to invest in. This thesis attempts to find out if there is a potential market for the cosmetic products of the companies on the ABCislands. Purpose: The purpose of the Master thesis is to find out if there is a potential market for new cosmetic products on the ABC islands. To achieve the purpose, the research addresses the market potential analysis. Conclusion: The market of Aruba and Curacao offer a great number of potential clients and a good future prospect. These findings are also supported by research that was conducted in 2007 by the Icongrouponline. Majority of the consumers on the islands are willing to try new professional cosmetics products. Additionally, the tourism industry plays an important role when assessing the market potential on these islands for professional cosmetics products. Key words: Internationalization, market selection, market potential and development, entry mode, cosmetics products, Aruba, Bonaire, Curacao
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Krause, Jens. "The emergence of interbank exposure networks : an empirical analysis and game theoretical models." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2cb47a08-3802-4bfc-b5a0-14af82521909.
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This thesis studies the emergence of financial exposures between banks and introduces a novel game of financial network formation. It shows empirically that governance structures influence how banks use the interbank market to manage liquidity and that strategic factors are additional drivers of interbank lending for private banks (Ch. 2). It further develops a model of optimal bank behaviour in the absence of liquidity shocks considering the effect of an exogenous bailout probability (Ch. 3), and introduces a model of endogenous liquidity co-insurance formation (Ch. 4). The first chapter, The Purpose of Interbank Markets, tests competing theories of interbank lending using 43 quarters (2002-2012) of confidential data on the German banking sector and interbank market. It shows that banks use the interbank market for liquidity co-insurance as traditionally assumed. However, the importance of the liquidity management function is higher for regionally-focused credit cooperatives and savings banks than for private commercial banks. A distinct effect for private banks is identified; for private banks, increases in interbank liabilities are shown to correlate with a proxy for the bailout probability of banks. The chapter thus offers empirical support for an emerging literature on strategic behaviour in interbank markets and highlights the need to extend the traditional model of liquidity co-insurance. The second chapter, The Emergence of Interbank Exposures, develops a model showing that, even in the hypothetical absence of liquidity shocks, under some conditions the presence of conditional liability guarantees can lead to interbank exposures as an equilibrium outcome. It shows that such an equilibrium is characterised by banks of different sizes and asymmetric bank behaviour. Some banks are active only as lenders with others investing in a productive technology while borrowing in the interbank market. An equilibrium interbank rate is derived which depends on parameters characterising the bailout probability, including different parameters of government behaviour. The third chapter, Coordination and Competition in the Formation of Financial Networks, introduces a generalisation and extension of the seminal work of Allen and Gale (2000). It studies liquidity co-insurance between deposit-taking banks in an n-region economy. Both a static and a dynamic model of the endogenous formation of interbank liquidity co-insurance links are examined. Using a novel approach to model liquidity co-insurance, it is shown that contrary to previous findings it is not possible for banks with limited information to insure optimally against liquidity shocks. However, in a dynamic formulation of the model with best-response dynamics and learning, socially optimal insurance is an evolutionary stable equilibrium. The chapter also studies an extension to the model that introduces non-zero bailout probabilities, which endogenously leads to interbank networks consistent with the structure of interbank exposure networks documented empirically.
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Lyons, Maureen J. "Training decisions and training outcomes : an analysis of the re entry patterns of Irish mothers to the labour market." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247374.
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Yin, Jin. "Evolving game theory based decision making systems for NETA power market modelling, analysis and trading strategy development." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2005. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1514/.
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In this thesis, current work carried out on analyzing the strategic behaviours in electricity trading is first reviewed. An intelligent decision-making and support technique, game theory, is often used in the market practice. Game theory is a discipline concerned with how individuals make decisions when they are partly aware of how their action might affect each other and when each individual might take this into account. Deficiencies and limitations of traditional game theory based methods developed for decision-making in electricity trading are also investigated. This research then explores to discover the impact of intelligent systems based trading strategies in the UK power markets. To model these behaviours and the New Electricity Trading Arrangements (NETA) system of the UK, traditional competitive and cooperative game theory strategies are taken into account in the work reported in this thesis. An improved methodology, “trigger price strategy”, is introduced to simulate power generation companies’ enhanced gaming strategies. Such modelling problem is, however, intractable and hence an extra-numerical search technique, Evolutionary Computation, is employed to solve the game theory based system modelling problem. An encoded Genetic Algorithm based technique is developed to search for an effective model for the complex decision-making process and to help decision-makers evaluate their strategies and bidding parameters. A novel and effective electricity trading simulation model is thus developed, where its design features are close to the NETA. The model scale is as close as possible to NETA. A complex and more realistic two-sided transaction mechanism with demand fully incorporated is incorporated in this model. These are a world first in this research area.
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Fridrichová, Veronika. "Strategie pro expanzi zvolené společnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377982.
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Aim of the diploma thesis is to choose a suitable strategy for expansion of the selected company. The chosen company based in Brno develops web content management software. The strategy is made based on analyses of external environment – potential market for entry, analyses of internal environment of the company and its financial analysis. The last part of the thesis consists of suggestions and proposed solutions.
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Hu, Xiaojie. "Technology transition in the national air transportation system : market failure and game theoretic analysis with application to ADS-B." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45218.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-105).
This research analyzes the problem of technology transition in the national air transportation system, focusing on the implementation of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B). ADS-B is a key technology in the Federal Aviation Administration's plan to modernize the national civil air transportation surveillance system. Data regarding airline perception of benefits, barriers, and knowledge of ADS-B is presented. Market mechanisms that could potentially cause technology implementation failure are identified through game theoretic analysis of airline interview data. Potential market failures identified include public goods failures, cost-benefit asymmetries, information asymmetries, and risk dominance. Potential institutional failures identified include organizational process failures and bureaucratic interests and politics. Government action to correct market failures is explored. Government mechanisms to correct market failures include technology value, support infrastructure development, positive incentives, putative measures, and mandates.
by Xiaojie Hu.
S.M.
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Schlechtriem, Maximilian. "The analysis of foreign market entry strategies on the basis of different cultural backgrounds and environments : a qualitative study characterising the differences and similarities of brazilian and european firms." Master's thesis, reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/20365.
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Moving into a new and foreign market can be challenging, especially when such market has a different culture and working environment in comparison to the home market. Thus, it is of utter importance to adjust a company’s strategy to the new market conditions. Currently, there are no concrete guidelines of what aspects are most important when moving from a developing market such as Brazil into a more sophisticated market like Europe, or vice versa. The present study will examine two companies from the same industry, but with different cultural backgrounds and its strategic similarities and differences for operating in multiple international markets. The data was collected via semi-structured interviews with the Chief Executive Officers (CEOs’) from both companies, using an interview guideline that is based on three different theoretical frameworks. The aim is to give recommendations to these two industries of how to efficiently use existing theoretical frameworks and which aspects are most significant when moving into a new market while keeping in mind a company’s size and background.
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Schlechtriem, Maximilian. "The analysis of foreign market entry strategies on the basis of different cultural backgrounds and environments : a qualitative study characterising the differences and similarities of brazilian and european firms." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/15855.
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Submitted by Maximilian Schlechtriem (maxschlechtriem@gmail.com) on 2016-03-08T13:21:35Z
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Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-14T17:07:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Master_Thesis_Maximilian_Schlechtriem.pdf: 1583113 bytes, checksum: bc7e488f36ce3dcbf9258334e963ef4d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-28
Moving into a new and foreign market can be challenging, especially when such market has a different culture and working environment in comparison to the home market. Thus, it is of utter importance to adjust a company’s strategy to the new market conditions. Currently, there are no concrete guidelines of what aspects are most important when moving from a developing market such as Brazil into a more sophisticated market like Europe, or vice versa. The present study will examine two companies from the same industry, but with different cultural backgrounds and its strategic similarities and differences for operating in multiple international markets. The data was collected via semi-structured interviews with the Chief Executive Officers (CEOs’) from both companies, using an interview guideline that is based on three different theoretical frameworks. The aim is to give recommendations to these two industries of how to efficiently use existing theoretical frameworks and which aspects are most significant when moving into a new market while keeping in mind a company’s size and background.
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Brouwer, Adele. "Multi-market analysis of the impact of trade restrictions on importing live animals into South Africa." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04142005-145135.
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Jůva, Marek. "Návrh strategie vstupu společnosti RENOCAR, a.s. na slovenský trh." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234387.
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Tato diplomová práce se zabývá návrhem a analýzou strategie vstupu společnosti RENOCAR, a.s. na slovenský trh. Práce obsahuje přehled související literatury s důrazem na publikace, které se zabývají problematikou internacionalizace firem a vstupem společností na zahraniční trh. Analytická část zkoumá momentální situaci na trhu s automobily v České a Slovenské republice a stručně představuje toto průmyslové odvětví z evropského pohledu. Pomocí základních finančních ukazatelů pak hodnotí současný stav ve společnosti RENOCAR, a.s. Na základě výsledků získaných z výše uvedených analýz, autor ve třetí části práce navrhuje a kriticky analyzuje strategii expanze společnosti.
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Li, Jun. "Learning Average Reward Irreducible Stochastic Games: Analysis and Applications." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000136.
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BUSK, ANDREY, and WARRENSTEIN ARVID JOELSSON. "Market analysis for electric vehicle supply equipment : The case of China." Thesis, KTH, Hållbarhet och industriell dynamik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-157997.
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Personliga eldrivna fordon (EV) är ett nytt teknikområde som är på väg att uppnå stort momentum på flera av världens marknader. Eftersom branschen fortfarande ligger i sin linda finns det i nuläget inga tydliga strukturer, som gäller för alla marknader världen över, gällande relationerna mellan aktörer, vilket leder till osäkerheter när det kommer till att ta strategiska beslut. Uppdragsgivaren för denna studie är Hong Kong EV Power Ltd. (EV Power), en Hongkong-baserad leverantör av laddningsstationer för elbilar och relaterade tjänster, som har ambitionen att inträda marknaden på det kinesiska fastlandet inom den närmaste framtiden. Emellertid har EV Power ännu inte bestämt sig vilken stad de vill rikta in sig på i det första skedet. Denna avhandling ämnar formulera en modell som kan användas för att utvärdera och jämföra geografiska marknader med avseende på lämpligheten för ett marknadsinträde av en leverantör av laddningsstationer för elbilar. Dessutom kommer modellen testas på tre städer på kinas fastland (Peking, Shanghai och Shenzhen), med syfte att komma fram till vilken stad som är mest attraktiv för EV Power, samt att utvärdera modellens funktionsduglighet. Sist kommer resultaten från utvärderingen av de tre städerna att tjäna som utgångspunkten för en analys som ämnar ta fram framgångsfaktorer för ett marknadsinträde på kinas fastland. För att uppnå detta har fyra olika datainsamlingsmetoder använts: Först studerades teori, med syfte att få bakgrundskunskap likväl som att få förståelse för specifika faktorer som påverkar ett marknadsinträde som detta. För det andra observerades EV Powers nuvarande verksamhet i Hong Kong, i avsikt att förstå vad som har lett till den framgång som företaget upplevt på sin hemmamarknad. För det tredje intervjuades branschexperter för att få ett perspektiv på branschen som helhet. Sist samlades sekundär data kring de tre städerna in, för att kunna utvärdera de olika faktorerna som ingår i den framtagna modellen. Den slutgiltiga modellen består av fem faktorer som påverkar en stads attraktivitet för ett marknadsinträde av en leverantör av laddningsstationer för elbilar. De identifierade faktorerna är: ’Marknadens tillgänglighet’, ’Kortsiktig efterfrågan’, ’Förväntad marknadsandel’, ’Vinstmarginal’ och ’Långsiktig produktpotential’. Dessa faktorer är i sin tur indelade i subfaktorer som har sina egna uppsättningar av drivare. Efter att ha använt modellen för att utvärdera de tre städerna konstaterades det att Shanghai är den lämpligaste staden för ett marknadsinträde av EV Power, främst på grund av stadens dominans på marknaden för privatanvända elbilar och ett gynnsamt regelverk. Slutligen hittades tre framgångsfaktorer för ett sådant inträde: ’Fokusera på tjänster’, ’Bibehåll partner-relationer’ och ’Inträd tidigt’.Personal electric vehicles (EV) is an emerging technology that has gained much momentum in several markets during the past decade, and China is currently one of the markets where the growth in EV sales is the highest. Since the industry is still in its infancy, there are currently no clear structures regarding the relationships between different actors that apply to all markets globally, leading to great uncertainty in strategic decisions. The commissioner of this study is Hong Kong EV Power Ltd. (EV Power), a producer of EV supply equipment (EVSE) and related services in Hong Kong, which aspires to enter the Chinese mainland in the near future. However, EV Power has yet to decide which city they want to target first. This thesis aims to formulate a model that can be used to evaluate and compare geographic markets for a market entry by an EVSE company. Furthermore, the model is tested on three cities in Mainland China (Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen), in order to derive the most attractive city for EV Power and to evaluate the adequacy of the model. Lastly, with the results from the city evaluation, as a point of departure, success factors for an entry into Mainland China by the commissioning company will be summarized. In order to achieve this objective, four distinct data collection methods have been used: First, theory was studied, in order to gain background knowledge as well as to understand specific factors that impact a market entry decision such as this. Second, EV Power’s current business in Hong Kong was observed, with a view to achieve an understanding of what has led the company to experience success in its home market. Third, Interviews with industry experts were conducted, so as to get a perspective on the industry as a whole. Fourth and last, secondary data for the different cities was collected, for the sake of evaluating them according to the developed model. The final model consists of five main factors that encompass the elements that influence a cities level of attractiveness for entry by an EV charging station supplier. The identified factors are: ‘Market accessibility’, ‘Short-term demand’, ‘Expected market share’, ‘Profit margin’, and ‘Long-term product potential’. These factors are in turn divided into sub factors that have their own set of drivers. Using the model to evaluate the cities, it was found that Shanghai is the most suitable city for a market entry by EV Power, mainly due to its dominance in the market for private EVs and a favourable regulatory environment. Finally, three main success factors, for such a market entry, were found: ‘Focus on services’, ‘Maintain partner relationships’, and ‘Enter early’.
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Tran, Nghia Cong. "Coalition Robustness of Multiagent Systems." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2515.
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Many multiagent systems are environments where distinct decision-makers compete, explicitly or implicitly, for scarce resources. In these competitive environments, itcan be advantageous for agents to cooperate and form teams, or coalitions; this cooperation gives agents strategic advantage to compete for scarce resources. Multiagent systems thus can be characterized in terms of competition and cooperation. To evaluate the effectiveness of cooperation for particular coalitions, we derive measures based on comparing these different coalitions at their respective equilibria. However, relying on equilibrium results leads to the interesting question of stability. Control theory and cooperative game theory have limitations that make it hard to apply them to study our questions about stabililty and evaluate cooperation in competitive environments. In this thesis we will lay a foundation towards a theory of coalition stability and robustness for multiagent systems. We then apply this condition to form a methodology toevaluate cooperation for market structure analysis.
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Friedman, Erica, and Maksims Pavlovs. "The Baltic States Market Study : Case Study for the Entrance of a Swedish High-Tech Company." Thesis, University of Kalmar, Baltic Business School, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-499.
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Emerging country markets are becoming increasingly important in the operations of multinational corporations. On May 1, 2004, the EU welcomed 10 new member states, including the three Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. As a result, many western multinational corporations have entered these new emerging markets. These countries have witnessed very fast growth and were lucrative to enter. The term “Baltic Tiger” is used to describe the economic boom of the Baltic States from 2000 to 2007. This term is adequate because during this time period the Baltic States had the highest growth rates in Europe. Swedish companies in particular started coming into the Baltic States in 1989 approximately. These companies were looking for and found low cost production. However, today with rising wages, low cost production is more difficult to find.
The purpose of our research is to investigate the current conditions and future predictions related to the external environment and high technology industries in the Baltic States. The investigation of the current state and future potential of the markets were analyzed from an institutional standpoint. We compared this to the institutional environment in Sweden and made predictions on the potential changes in these institutions. Given our analysis and evaluation of the most attractive market, we have devised an establishment and matching strategy for the case company. The case analysis is set against the background of a theoretical framework covering current literature over societal and organizational fields in Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. Our primary and secondary research was examined in the context of well known theoretical models and our own models and upon analysis; we come to a conclusion and make recommendations for companies interested in doing business in the Baltic States. Our research will be useful for companies curious about the potential and necessary considerations they must take in the Baltic markets in general and within the high technology sector specifically.
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Simm, Lindbäck Johan. "Smarta elnät i Sverige : Energibranschens förutsättningar och förväntningar." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-176646.
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The need for a more efficient electrical grid has made the smart grid concept popular in recent years. The aims of this study are to identify the conditions in Sweden for implementing a smart grid and to analyse the opinions of stakeholders. One finding is that the large capacity of Sweden’s existing electrical grid decreases the immediate need for smart grid solutions. However, the rapid increase in wind power might push the development of a smart grid in the coming years. By employing case study methodology, five different smart grid projects in Sweden are discussed, using different theoretical frameworks, including actor network theory, discourse analysis, technological trajectories, diffusion of innovation and timing of entry. Norra Djurgardsstaden, a large construction project in Stockholm in which smart grid technology is used, is then analysed. The differing views of the parties involved in the project raise the question of whether more coordination is needed. Another project at Falbygdens Energi focuses on energy storage in batteries. This project poses the question of whether the regulation of the Swedish power market needs to be reformed to support the smart grid and to encourage new ways of collaborating and doing business. The final discussion concludes by suggesting new research questions.
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Yamamura, Koichi. "Public Relations in Japan: The Analysis of the Influence of Culture and Political Economy on Corporate Communication during Mergers and Acquisition Cases." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/459.
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This study seeks to understand the scope and types of public relations practices in Japan, how public relations practices of Japanese and foreign companies differ, how media respond differently to the public relations activities of Japanese and foreign companies, and how "foreignness" affects public relations activities of multinational enterprises in Japan. The sole academic journal in the field of public relations in Japan and the single commercially published public relations industry magazine were submitted to an empirical content analysis. Additionally, three cases of contest for corporate control, two of which were between an American activist fund and a Japanese company, and one between a Japanese investment fund and a Japanese company, were analyzed using a case study approach. Press releases and newspaper articles about these cases were also content analyzed. The results show that among public relations activities, crisis category appeared the most frequently in the public relations industry journal and corporate communication category appeared the most frequently in the public relations academic journal. The analysis of the cases shows that the American fund at first faced problems communicating with its stakeholders but improved its communication activities in subsequent years with better results. The content analysis of the press releases shows that American fund uses more quotes and persuasive messages in the press releases and Japanese newspapers do not treat domestic and foreign entities differently. The overall results confirm the importance of culture in public relations practices.
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Raturi, Varun. "Analyzing Inter-modal Competition Between High Speed Rail and Conventional Transport Modes in Indian Context." Thesis, 2017. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4319.
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Indian Railway provides an important mode of public transport in India. This is the most commonly used and cost effective long-distance transport system of the country. Indian Railways has played an immense role in assimilating various disjointed sectors and thereby acting as a catalyst in stimulating the Indian economy. It is also the link between various industrial, agricultural production centres with their corresponding markets. It links places, enabling large-scale, rapid and low-cost movement of people from different backgrounds across the length and breadth of the country. In India the cultural diversity, inequitable job distribution, economic disparity leads to a demand for an affordable and reliable mode of transportation to fulfil the need for travel across the country. High-speed rail (HSR) is argued to be an efficient transportation mode that can fulfil this demand gap of faster intercity movement of passenger traffic. As Indian government plans to invest in this new technology, strategic decisions pertaining to type of corridor, speed of HSR, HSR technology, given the competition scenario on that corridor becomes vital. While there is a considerable amount of studies on HSR in developed nations especially the European countries, very little is available for the developing nation’s scenario. Does the region where the study is done, matters? Passenger’s travel and mode choice behaviour lies at the roots of the competition setup between the modes and this passenger’s behaviour vary from corridor to corridor making study area a vital component in the competition scenario. Furthermore, corridors length might play a significant role in the strategic decision over the speed of the HSR services thereby underlining the implications of the region of study in the competition setting.
Moreover, the vast majority of the literature till date analyses airline competition and relatively little has been published on the rail sector and there is no significant work on studying the impacts of HSR in Indian context. Therefore, present study tries to model these competition scenarios from Indian perspective giving insights in the strategic interactions of mode operators using a game theoretic framework. As mode choice behaviour drives the competition game between the modes, this study develops various models like oligopoly models, discrete choice modelling and value of time models to determine the modal share in the new scenario.
Firstly, a duopoly model is developed to analyse the impact of inter-modal competition between airlines and high-speed rail (HSR) services, where airlines are assumed to maximize profit and HSR maximizes a weighted sum of profit and social welfare. A basic competition model and two extended models were developed by relaxing assumptions on homogeneous passengers and uniform pricing in the respective models. Further incorporating frequency in the first extended model presented analogous results when compared to the basic model. In the final extension under price discrimination for different classes of travel - Business and Leisure - simulation provided interesting insights. It was found that treating different classes as separate choices for heterogeneous passengers results in different relationships with various decision variables as compared to the basic model, hence justifying the importance of the relaxation of homogeneous passengers under uniform pricing assumption. The analysis showcase possible scenarios under which HSR competes with airlines on different corridors with different transit and passenger characteristics. This study used price and travel time as the most important quality differentiator between the modes thereby implying the centrality of value of time of passengers in mode choice behaviour and hence developing a value of time method to determine modal share is the extension of this work thereby providing the platform for the following study.
Next, a value of time (VOT) model under a game theoretic framework is formulated which is applied in order to evaluate the competition scenario between High Speed Rail (HSR) and conventional transport modes in Indian scenario. In this study, two corridors; Bangalore-Delhi (long corridor) and Bangalore-Mysore (short corridor) is taken as case studies to model HSR-Airlines and HSR-Bus competition respectively. The competition scenario between the operators are modelled considering the competition over fare and frequency to maximize their profit. Speed of HSR is taken as a strategic variable in the game with three levels of high speed, {Low-H, Medium-H, High-H} in the longer corridor and with two levels of high speed in the shorter corridor, {Low-H, High-H}. A three-stage game is formulated with the entrant playing its speed strategy in the first stage followed by optimal fare and frequency selection by both the modes. Passengers are considered to be heterogeneous in nature by assuming a continuous distribution of Value of Time (VOT). Revealed and stated preference survey data is used to determine the VOT of passengers on these corridors and a lognormal curve is fitted to determine the parameters of the distribution. Sub-game perfect Nash equilibrium is computed for various game scenarios characterized by sunk and variable costs given a profile of demand and the corridor VOT parameters. A Cooperative scenario is also developed where the players maximize a combined profit function. For Bangalore-Delhi corridor, for the given VOT distribution of the passengers, medium level of high speed is the equilibrium strategy for low variable costs whereas for high variable costs under low sunk cost, high speed is the equilibrium strategy. For Bangalore-Mysore corridor having low demand, the market equilibrium is blockaded entry i.e. HSR will stay out of the market except the first game scenario. For high demand, playing high level of high speed is the equilibrium strategy and bus will accommodate the entry. Cooperative scenario results in increase in optimal fares and reduction in optimal frequencies depicting the monopolistic behaviour of the market. Value of time models do not incorporate individual specific variables and therefore discrete choice models can be used as an alternative for determining the modal share.
Further, this study investigates the same competition using discrete choice modelling approach under the same game theoretic settings. Discrete choice models were estimated using revealed and stated preference data of the corridor. These models were used to determine the modal share in the new hypothetical scenario which were in turn used in defining objective functions such as profits and social welfare. Changing the objective function to social welfare maximization results in different equilibrium solution for Bangalore-Delhi corridor. Thus, impact of different combinations of demand, cost structures and objective functions are explored on the market equilibrium thereby providing interesting insights in this area. These models do not account for passenger’s heterogeneity and integrating a mixed logit model with game theoretic framework will relax this assumption.
Subsequently, this study estimated a mixed logit model under a game theoretic framework to incorporate passenger’s heterogeneity in the mode choice model. The estimation results of mixed logit model indicate that passengers are heterogeneous in nature in perceiving travel time and cost and incorporating this heterogeneity in the competition model will provide more realistic results as it relaxes all the assumptions in the Multinomial Logit model. Results demonstrates variation in Nash equilibrium for high demand under these different choice model formulations. Thus, effect of mode choice formulations is explored on the market equilibrium thereby providing interesting insights in this area.
One of the major contribution of this research is the incorporation of speed as a strategic variable and this study highlights this in the competition study by analysing the variation in the Nash equilibrium of the game thereby assisting in the subsequent decision of choosing the service speed. Another contribution of this study is the formulation of the analytical model segregating leisure and business class and its impact on the equilibrium of the game. The prominence of VOT parameters on the Nash equilibrium was also demonstrated hence policy decision will be different for different corridors as passenger’s characteristics varies with region of study. Discrete choice models also captured these different equilibriums under different objective functions formulations like social welfare which might be the objective function for a fully public railway sector in India. This study also contributes by integrating mixed logit model in a game theoretic framework consequently capturing passenger’s heterogeneity impact on the market dynamics. Hence, understanding these changes in dynamics of the market after the introduction of the new mode provide a scientific tool to enable the policy makers to make better judgement in taking these policy level decisions.
Keywords: High speed rail, Inter-modal competition, Game theory, Discrete choice models, Oligopoly, India
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Wu, Chia-Fang, and 吳佳芳. "Studies on the Transnational Market Entry Strategy with Game Options Concept." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50832178530860758524.
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碩士國立東華大學
國際企業學系
99
This thesis introduces the concept of game options pricing model to build up an approach by the decision analysis to create a bi-national market and two companies’ competitive market entry behavior. In general, the production system, market entry, and marketing strategy will face high risk uncertainty in the future; the flexible management value derived from decision-making is not only made now, but may be also made in the future. The thesis aims to construct a decision-making model so as to research how many revenues it invests and how much a coefficient of the response to invest in the market scale’s revenues. The project value for the market entry strategy can be evaluated by the game options approach which combines the real options and the mixture strategic game concept so as to decide the entry threshold, entry timing, and expected potential market entry value. This game options approach can provide the other concept for the decision analysis in managerial flexibility for local optimal solutions.
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Chen, Yu-Lin, and 陳鈺林. "Research on the Entry Strategy of Taiwan’s Game Console Industry into Mainland China Market." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13557920657553373704.
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碩士國立交通大學
管理學院高階主管管理碩士學程
96
The Game Console Industry has more than thirty years history, and have been becoming a quite potential industry following the PC industry, network communication industry and mobile phone industry. And after intense competition, the current three major game console leaders are SONY, Nintendo and Microsoft. To face the competitors, these three game console developer have to reduce their hardware cost by outsourcing some of their componets, modules and even the whole set of the game console. Taiwan companies are leaders in PC hardware industry and built up a very strong supply chain infrastructure. These advantages facilitate Taiwan companies into game console manufacturing and design busienss. Taiwan suppliers will play a more important role than before, and will act as strategic business partners to the worldwide branded game console players. The game console industry is flourishing, but the three leaders are not successful in mainland China due to the special culture, political and economic environment. We think Taiwan with matural IT industry, many experiences on cooperating with international companies and the same culture background as mainland China should have more chances on mainland China market while these three leaders are not successful in this area. Base on such background, we have explored and analysized the factors on entry of game console industry into mainland China market, and proposed some conclusions and suggestions.
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Cheng-Chi, Chang. "Strategic Analysis of Market Entry to Russia-Taiwanese Perspective." 2006. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0002-0802200601331900.
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Chang, Cheng-Chi, and 張正之. "Strategic Analysis of Market Entry to Russia－Taiwanese Perspective." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59941112056065960841.
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碩士淡江大學
國際商學碩士在職專班
94
This thesis is to discuss the potential of Russian market, and develop a strategic analysis for Taiwanese enterprises which intend to enter the market. Taiwan-Russia trade has started since 1992. Roughly speaking, the amount of the trade was growing. However, when Russia started to change their economic strategy, and implemented the “shock therapy”, the route of economic reform was not as smooth as expected. The outbreak of financial crisis leaded to the collapse of Russian economy. In 1998, some Taiwanese businessmen couldn’t receive payment of goods or the orders were cancelled because of the evaluation of ruble. It has made those businessmen change their attitude and stop trading with their Russian counterparts. The amount of Taiwan-Russia trade became decreasing since then. Therefore, we found that Russian political and economic situations have great impact upon Taiwan-Russia trade relations.This research is taking the preliminary position that Russian political environments and Russia economic situations are the main reason which influent the economy and trade relation between Taiwan and Russia. The present Russian political and economic situations are getting better, so we forecast that Taiwan-Russia economic and trade relation will be also better in the future. We use political economy approach, historical approach, SWOT analysis, and Heckscher-Ohlin theorem to do this research, and conclude as follows:Although the Russian market depends heavily on its political and economic conditions, and risks are always there, trades between Taiwan and Russia still exist many attractive opportunities. Russia’s abundant raw materials, labor forces, and high technology are just what Taiwan needs for industrial development; on the contrary, Taiwan’s fine consumer products, management, product design, marketing, and exuberant SMEs are also what Russia needs for economic transformation. By the complementary demands, we can say that the potentials of bilateral trading, investing, and technical cooperations are still vast to be developed. We list 10 target industries according to the complementary properties between Taiwan and Russia.Under the framework of the APEC and future the WTO, the Russian economic and trading environments should be improved to comply with international standards. The demands of importing consumer products and services, and the fair competition in the market are good opportunities for Taiwanese enterprises to enter the Russian market. Some suggestions are also provided in this thesis.
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Chen, Pei-Yu, and 陳姵妤. "Research on the Entry Mode of Taiwan Online Game Industry into the Mainland China Market." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09620223901106205445.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
管理研究所
98
Along with the booming development of the Mainland China on-line game industry and the cooperation chance of the cross-straits, and the Taiwan on-line game market has been limited by those factors of population volume, domestic market size, and gradual saturated market. In the development of internationalization and the globalization of Taiwan on-line game industry, the market growth potential of Mainland China has been subjected to the attention most. Consequently, how successfully get into the Mainland China market is currently the most important problem for Taiwan on-line game operators. This research is set out by the whole industry macroscopic angle discussing why Taiwan on-line game companies need to consider the chance and threat of outside environment even with the advantage of geography position and cultural background. Besides, self analyzing of advantage or disadvantage is also necessary for them. Naturally, the trade agreement of cross-straits is also the key factor and not neglect able. The major purpose of the studies is to find out what are the influence, market strategies, and future industry trend for Taiwan on-line game operators after signing the ECFA with China government. Hopefully, the result of this research could be the valuable reference of Taiwan on-line game operator while they are planning to get into Mainland China market in the future. Basically, the whole research is based on the current market conditions of the cross-straits on-line game industry and also refers those reports written by academic centers of industry research institutions. Via the interviews with some key operators, the research has also discussed or analyzed how to enter the Mainland China game market with the change of the cross-straits business policies. Business model of Taiwan on-line game operators should base on the foundation of existing advantages, then head for the industry specialization. Whether ECFA will be signed or not should not influence the strategies of those operators already entering Mainland China market. For those operators still not entering Mainland China market, ECFA could help them to reduce the political risk. If ECFA could assist Taiwan on-line game operators to break the entrance barrier of Mainland China market and gain the privilege of viewing as domestic operators, Taiwan on-line game operators will definitely obtain the competitive advantage toward other foreign competitors. This research also analyzes the possible developing trends of Taiwan on-line game industry in Mainland China market in the future. The most possible outcomes could be： 1. Taiwan could be the research center and Mainland China could be the business target market. III 2. The contents of product should merge Chinese cultures with Taiwan leading creativities. 3. Taiwan could play a role to assist those international on-line game operators to enter Mainland China market.
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Lu, I.-Lin, and 盧伊玲. "The Co-opetition Analysis of Mobile Game Market." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98004845826690406646.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
國際企業管理組
99
Credited to the flourishing business of mobile games, the market of the gaming industry will be reshuffled. Would the direction for development be different when one faces this intensive competition of the mobile game industry? In the new gaming era, how is the role of the mobile game players be divided and positioned? Based on the above topics, this paper will further explore the followings, (a) the history of development and evolution of the gaming industry, (b) the competitive advantages and key success factors of the mobile game industry, (c) the Co-opetition relationship of all players in the mobile game industry value net. The paper started from the development of gaming industry and its evolution into exploring the factors of the industrial structure. Findings are as follows: (a) In spite of the change in the cooperation scheme among the gaming manufacturers, observing the history of development, gaming industry remains as a "high risk and high return" industry, (b) Through the continuous adjustment, competition, and innovation, the variety of service model and charging methods of the game industry have been originated via the new business models in reflection of the era. Secondly, through the value net analysis to explore the characteristics of mobile gaming industry, its conclusions are as follows: (a)The mobile gaming industry has initiated a new integrated business model, however, the lower technical entry barriers for game developers which results in over-supply and increase the level of competition. (b) 70% of the mobile game consumers still do not want to pay for games, thus, the nature of the game playing is for entertainment only, which will result in an increased bargaining power for buyers. (c) The game industry is dominated by the publishers or distributors. Therefore, the price negotiation power of the content supplier has been greatly reduced. (d) With the popularity of smart phones and mobile application store, the sales channels for games is increased, entry barrier for the new comers will be greatly reduce, (e) Console games and computer games can be considered as substitute for motion games but each game players has their own goals. The substitution isn’t strong. Thirdly, the key factors of cooperation of the mobile game through the game theory analysis are as below: (a) “Playability” is the most important factor for a successful game. (b) The "charging method" from mobile operators has a high impact on the future development of mobile game industry. (c) Mobile “App Stores” have radically changed distribution channels globally. (d) “mobile online games on the move” will be the next wave due to the increased adoption rate on mobile online game and the social network.
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Chang, Jing-Yun, and 張瀞云. "Foreign Market Entry Mode Choice:An Analysis of the Dynamic Probit Model." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xjpxxg.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
產業經濟學系碩士班
97
Base on the transaction cost theory, this study provides the first large sample empirical study of entry mode choice between WOSs and JVs for Taiwanese FDI in China. This study departs from previous researches in that it uses panel data and focuses on an analysis of the dynamic binary choice model that controls for state dependence of mode choice. Empirical evidence suggests a strong state dependence, or habit persistence effect, between current and previous entry modes. Having WOSs in the previous period increases the probability that this entry mode will be chosen in the current period. However, there is also evidence to show that the degree of state dependence decreases if the entry mode in the previous period did not produce good parent firm’s performance. It seems to suggest that the adjustment of entry mode for foreign subsidiaries is related to the MNE’s global plans and strategies, rather than the subsidiary’s performance itself. The hypothesized effects of transaction cost factors on entry mode choice are supported in a dynamic probit model when the model is appropriately estimated under the assumption of endogenous initial conditions. Specifically, empirical findings indicate that the probability of an MNE’s choice of WOSs is positively associated with the MNE’s total number of employees, relative size of the subsidiary (the amount of investment commitment), and technological capability (R&D intensity) of the entire business. It also increases as there are proprietary technology transfer from parent to subsidiary, vertical parent-subsidiary production relationship, diversification of foreign investment, and relational network connections. On the other hand, the probability of choosing WOSs decreases with an MNE’s international experience and the proportion of the subsidiary’s products sold to the local marke.
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Chung, Hui-ping, and 鍾慧平. "Entry Modes Analysis of International Home Video Firms into Taiwan Market." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21809775533257333997.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
管理學研究所
94
For years, home video business has accounted for 70% gross of Hollywood Major 5, the top 5 global entertainment leaders, to replace the theatrical position turning into a Cash Cow business. Hollywood movie has been prevailed the market over a hundred year since 20th century. After millennium, entertainment business in Asia is also burgeoning in consequence of increasing global entertainment expenditure, Asia economic growth and China’s open-door policy. With penetrating market sense, new technology R&D, highly-flexible organization as well as elastic and effective use of advantage in itself, Hollywood Majors always synchronize the fluid world and successfully pushed DVD forward penetrating international market. At the moment, we contemplate how our entertainment firms can learn from Majors to get share of foreign market in a era full of competition and opportunity. The purpose of the paper is to probe into how 3 propositions-resource-based theory, international strategy and diversify strategy– influence the entry decision of home video licenses and franchises. We try to demonstrate the following: 1. Does the dissimilar strength of core resources affect entry mode? 2. Does different international strategy result in different entry mode? 3. Is there any influence of related or un-related diversify strategy on the choice of entry mode? The result indicates that entry mode decision is affected by 3 proposed propositions except for diversify strategy. Based on the findings, the suggestion to related entertainment firms is to take into account their strength of core resources and goal and course of international strategy when entering the global marketplace so as to make a appropriate decision on the choice of entry mode.
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Chao, Tzu-Po, and 趙梓博. "Asian game market analysis for ARPG game planning and art work－Maze Of Heart." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3knyaz.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立東華大學
藝術與設計學系
104
Maze Of Heart is the game planning for market of Asia, it design from virtual place from real Taiwan. It is not only an action role-playing game but also few in game product that have the fantasy world build on modern time in our country. And it would be expected to develop on PC or Play Station. However, it is hot to design mobile game of global game market in 2016, why not make a small and delicate game plan. In fact, the mobile game is hard to success in recent years, it is only 5% chance to earn stable profits. Besides, there are a huge number of products compete with each other, pulling down players loyalty for any game. Therefore, we put our passion to leave mobile game area, and decide to create the game planning that idea from e-Sports and live. In recent years, the trend about follow e-sports and game live is already surpass the total audience of NBA Championship and MLB finals, and this quantity is still growing each year. They expected it would be 660 million people in 2018. For this reason, we try to search and survey what type of game that player most prefer in Asia. And according these information to know that RPG game is great popular in most user, we use these studies try to design the first edition game planning, pictures and concepts video to convey the idea.
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Tung, Tony, and 董惠人. "Market entry barriers, entry modes and supply chain integration impact firm performance in global environment: Google case Analysis." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76643356640140830856.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
高階管理碩士在職專班
94
There are many researches have succeed on market entry barriers already since 1960. Those papers have focused on traditional industries but the emerging industries like Internet search engine have not been discussed before. The goal for this paper is trying to approve there are some differences on entry barriers between traditional industries and search engine business. Also, since we found the new entry barriers, how we going to resolve it and exclude them in order to entry the market successfully. We assume the supply chain integration solution may help to exclude the barriers, and then make some improvement on firm’s performance. In addition, a good market entry strategies should improve firm’s performance. Those points are the purpose we tried to identify in the beginning. After a long questionnaire processes, we have got all of the result back successfully. These results reflect the entry barriers that have been impacted to the traditional industries since long time ago are still the same barriers that inference on today’s search engine firms. That means there is not that difference at all. On the supply chain integration part, the result only shows the information integration has significant evidence to help the firm.