Journal articles on the topic 'Marine terminals Design and construction'
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1
Driver, J., O. F. Graff, R. Eie, T. Lund, and S. Woodhouse. "NOVEL OFFSHORE LNG SOLUTIONS." APPEA Journal 47, no. 1 (2007): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj06018.
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The demand to process associated and stranded gas is growing and there is increasing commercial interest in offshore LNG production. Limitations in available land and carrier access, safety and environmental considerations and difficult onshore permitting have created an interest in locating LNG terminals offshore. These factors are providing incentives to develop solutions and the technologies required to transfer the liquefaction and re-gasification segments of the LNG chain to offshore locations. Some of the hurdles that need to be overcome are associated with equipment size, weight and layout, energy consumption, the marine environment and, for floating facilities, the moving environment. All of these aspects need to be addressed to produce an overall design that meets technical, commercial, safety and environmental requirements. This paper presents some recent developments in offshore LNG solutions for floating and fixed offshore LNG production and offshore LNG re-gasification terminals. Specific case studies for each facility are: a floating LNG production facility for the Nnwa-Doro gas field offshore Nigeria; a fixed offshore liquefaction facility in the Arctic region; and, the Adriatic LNG receiving terminal located offshore Italy. Information about an alternative method of transporting natural gas—called heavy liquefied gas (HLG)—which has some specific advantages over traditional LNG, is also presented. For each case study, design, construction, cost and schedule are discussed where applicable.
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Thompson, Michael, Liv Haselbach, Cara Poor, and Michael Wolcott. "INTEGRATING GREEN RATING SYSTEMS: A CASE STUDY FOR FERRY TERMINALS." Journal of Green Building 8, no. 1 (April 2013): 136–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.8.1.136.
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When attempting to achieve sustainability goals for integrated facilities, many green rating systems are available to guide the design, construction, operations and maintenance of a project. Due to the large number of sustainability tools that are available or mandated, it can be confusing to determine which set of guidelines to follow. For the Washington State Ferries (WSF), there is no green rating system which correlates perfectly with the unique intermodal challenges presented by ferry terminals. This paper focuses on five rating systems applicable to WSF: GreenLITES, LEED, Sustainable Sites Initiative, The Port Authority of NY/NJ Sustainable Infrastructure Guidelines (draft), and the draft Marine Vessel Environmental Performance Assessment (MVeP). These rating systems are integrated with a developing set of sustainable ferry guidelines in a green rating integration platform (GRIP). The GRIP readily relates credits and guidelines across multiple systems, aiding WSF in making decisions in accordance with sustainability goals. The GRIP format might similarly be applied to other integrated projects to more effectively and economically address sustainability across all aspects of projects and facility operations.
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Owoputi, Adetose Emmanuel, and Owolabi Oluwatosin Owoputi. "Seaport Building, Management and the Challenges of Sustainability." Archives of Business Research 10, no. 8 (August 15, 2022): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.108.11550.
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Seaport remains the most feasible for the activities of terminals, international export and import business activities where loading and offloading of inter-land distribution through inland waterways, rail, road and air to ensure that what comes in or go out are checked to meet the national and international rules and regulation guiding seaport operations. As a source of major point of commercial activity along the coast. As a source of pollution, harbors need to be strategically located to provide the greatest benefit according to economic and environmental issues. The marine environment and its effects on ports design, port warehousing, port operation, port hydraulics, coastal geomorphology, littoral drift and sedimentation, port security and safety for shipping technology and economics activities, design and construction of a floating port related structure and other environmental issues. Seaport building must have the organizational capacities to appropriately perceive issues, analysis information about complex economic and environmental relationships factors of turbulent transition, increasing demand on ports to acquire, assimilate, highly fragmented information about new potential constraints and opportunities in port management and challenges of it sustainability. The geotechnical and Structural aspect of the port construction have been given very little attention. This research use an annotated conversation and questioner to address the above issues, with the aim to apply concepts of practice, port elements and their effects on seaports. This research use an annotated conversation and questioner to address the above issues, and their effects on seaports. This research have to investigate the needed professionals, in civil, structural , geotechnical, hydraulic engineers and consultants to strength the usage of modern materials, corrosion, naval-architecture and other input knowledges of which is required to produce a sound and commercial design of a modern standard seaport or marine terminal for sustainability.
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Gucma, Stanisław, and Maciej Gucma. "Optimization of LNG terminal parameters for a wide range of gas tanker sizes: the case of the port of Świnoujście." Archives of Transport 50, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5696.
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LNG terminals are built to handle tankers of specific size, with cargo capacities within a narrow scope. This is related to the differences in cargo, fender and mooring systems used for LNG tanker handling of various sizes. The research problem solved in the article is the development of the method for optimal design of a universal LNG cargo handling facility that enables safe operations of LNG tankers in a wide range of cargo capacity that covers almost entire spectrum of global fleet tanker sizes. The article presents a methodology of optimizing the parameters of LNG cargo terminals to accommodate both small bunker ships with cargo capacity of 500 m3 (50 metres in length) to Q-flex type tankers capable of carrying up to 220 000 m3 (320 m in length). The authors have determined conditions for the safe operation of these tankers in sea LNG terminals and described differences in the construction of cargo, fendering and mooring systems. The optimization of both location and terminal parameters for a wide range of gas tanker sizes as well as approach channels leading to the LNG berths was performed using a specially designed two-stage simulation method of optimization. In the first stage the best location of a universal LNG terminal and its berths in the existing port basin is determined. The second stage defines optimal parameters of approach waterways to the berths of a universal LNG terminal. The optimization criterion at both stages was the minimization of the costs to build and to operate a universal LNG terminal. The developed optimization methodology was actually used in the design of the universal LNG terminal in the outer port of Świnoujście. The tests made use of real time simulation (RTS) and non-autonomous models of ships, in which ship movement is controlled by a human (pilot, captain). Simulation tests were performed on a multi-bridge ship handling Polaris simulator with a 3D projection, from Kongsberg Maritime AS. This full-mission bridge simulator (FMBS) is located at the Marine Traffic Engineering Centre, Maritime University of Szczecin. Two simulation ship movement models were built and verified for testing the manoeuvres of port entry and berthing. These are: Q-flex type tanker (length: 320 m) and an LNG bunker ship, 6,000 m3 capacity, 104 m in length. The test results were used in the design of the universal LNG terminal in the outer port of Świnoujście and approach waterways leading to the berths (now this investment project is in progress).
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Burley, Peter Kastrup: Michael Kelleher: Daniel. "TAILORING THE MARINE DESIGN FOR THE BRISBANE INTERNATIONAL CRUISE TERMINAL TO CATER FOR MEGA-SHIPS AND CHALLENGING CONSTRAINTS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 28, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.management.24.
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Port of Brisbane (PBPL) is developing the new AUD$177 million Brisbane International Cruise Terminal (BICT) located at Luggage Point at the mouth of the Brisbane River. The project has successfully progressed through the detailed design phase, and construction is currently underway. BICT will be the first purpose-built megacruise ship terminal in Australia when it opens in 2020. It will cater for cruise vessels of all sizes including the world's largest ocean-going ships and will function as both a base port and port of call facility. The planning and design of an international cruise terminal requires a fully integrated multi-disciplinary approach. There are a number of inter-dependencies from different disciplines based on a number of variables. This presentation will explore how the terminal masterplan was developed to address the key site constraints and how significant challenges for the marine design were overcome.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/qIC3aL0FqYg
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Shunko, Natalia V., and Nikolai D. Zuev. "A study on the wave reflection coefficient near berthing facilities." Vestnik MGSU, no. 7 (July 2022): 922–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2022.7.922-932.
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Introduction. The article deals with the experimental studies on values of the wave reflection coefficient near the structures of berthing facilities with a front vertical wall. The authors present the findings of experimental studies conducted in the form of physical modeling.
Materials and methods. The method of physical modeling was employed to conduct the experimental studies. These studies are an integral part of the research project that benefits all modern large marine cargo facilities being designed. The method of physical modeling, applied to port facilities, allows obtaining a model wave, identical to that of a full-scale object, and studying interaction between waves and designed hydraulic engineering structures within a pre-set time range. Experiments were conducted in a wave flume of the Hydraulic Engineering Centre for Research and Experiments at NRU MGSU. The most advanced measuring equipment, produced by Wallingford (UK), was used in the experiment.
Results. As a result of the experiment, the authors obtained values of the coefficient of reflection of waves near a berthing facility with a vertical front wall (the bulwark type of the berthing structure), subjected to the impact of a standard storm. The main Russian regulatory document, SP (Construction regulations) 38.13330.2018 doesn’t have information about the definition of the wave reflection coefficient for all types of hydraulic structures, and the information available there is not exhaustive. The availability of information about the exact values of the wave reflection coefficient for various types of hydraulic structures, such as berthing facilities, can reasonably reduce their elevation, that will ultimately lead to a substantial reduction in construction costs and time.
Conclusions. The results of these scientific studies will ensure the successful implementation of the most recent designs of seaports, terminals and cargo complexes in unfavourable natural environments, including the harsh climate of Arctic latitudes, regions where raw hydrocarbons and liquefied natural gas are intensively extracted. This will help to solve the priority task of our time: construction of new transshipment facilities along the Northern Sea Route.
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Carpenter, Chris. "Optimization Process Maximizes Financial, Environmental Benefits in LNG Breakwater." Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no. 09 (September 1, 2021): 55–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0921-0055-jpt.
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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 31284, “Greater Tortue Ahmeyim Project for BP In Mauritania and Senegal: Breakwater Design and Local Content Optimizations,” by Alexis Replumaz, Yann Julien, and Damien Bellengier, Eiffage Génie Civil Marine, prepared for the 2021 Offshore Technology Conference, originally scheduled to be held in Houston, 4–7 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2021 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. During summer 2017, the authors’ company was invited by BP to bid for the construction of a concrete caisson breakwater protecting an offshore liquefied natural gas (LNG) floating terminal at a water depth of 33 m on the Mauritanian/Senegalese maritime border. As a result of subsequent front-end engineering design (FEED) studies, including 3D model testing, the company was able to reduce the amount of concrete required by 40% compared with the initial design, leading to financial and environmental benefits. Introduction The BP Tortue development comprises a subsea production system tied back to a pretreatment floating, production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) unit, which transfers gas to a near-shore hub for LNG production and export. Phase 1 will provide sales gas production and domestic supply and will generate approximately 2.5 mtpa of LNG to Mauritania and Senegal. The Phase 1 FPSO, in 100–130 m of water, will process inlet gas from the subsea wells located across several drill centers by separating condensate from the gas stream and exporting conditioned gas to a hub, where LNG processing and export will occur. The hub, 10 km from shore, comprises a breakwater to protect marine operations, including LNG processing and carrier loading. A single floating LNG vessel will condition the gas for LNG export. Hub construction began early in 2019 and should be completed in 2021 for a first-gas target in 2022. The breakwater design was conceived during the bidding stage of the project at the end of 2017 by proposing an alternative design for the breakwater adapted to project-specific conditions and regional facilities. The design has been improved continuously and optimized during the FEED stage based on a collaborative approach between the client and the contractor. Client Preliminary Design Optimizations During pre-FEED and bidding stages, the client performed an intensive geotechnical campaign based on several shallow and deep boreholes and a large-area geophysical survey. In water depths greater than 18 m along the maritime boundary between Mauritania and Senegal, a significant layer of soft soil exists, except around the outcrop located on the west side (10–11 km offshore in approximately 33 m of water). Although rock quantities could be slightly higher in the western location, the reduction of the dredging quantities and the reduction of the effect on the nearby coastal community of Saint Louis (lighting, noise, and vessel traffic) led to selection of this location for the hub terminal. The initial breakwater type was a rubble-mound structure. However, a composite breakwater (caisson on berm foundation) allowed for optimization of dredging and rock quantities. The change in breakwater type allowed a rock-quantity drop from 5.8 million to 1.1 million m3.
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Marcus, Henry S. "Planning and design of ports and marine terminals." Transportation Research Part A: General 20, no. 1 (January 1986): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-2607(86)90017-8.
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Kavoosi, Masoud, Maxim A. Dulebenets, Olumide Abioye, Junayed Pasha, Oluwatosin Theophilus, Hui Wang, Raphael Kampmann, and Marko Mikijeljević. "Berth scheduling at marine container terminals." Maritime Business Review 5, no. 1 (November 18, 2019): 30–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-08-2019-0032.
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Purpose Marine transportation has been faced with an increasing demand for containerized cargo during the past decade. Marine container terminals (MCTs), as the facilities for connecting seaborne and inland transportation, are expected to handle the increasing amount of containers, delivered by vessels. Berth scheduling plays an important role for the total throughput of MCTs as well as the overall effectiveness of the MCT operations. This study aims to propose a novel island-based metaheuristic algorithm to solve the berth scheduling problem and minimize the total cost of serving the arriving vessels at the MCT. Design/methodology/approach A universal island-based metaheuristic algorithm (UIMA) was proposed in this study, aiming to solve the spatially constrained berth scheduling problem. The UIMA population was divided into four sub-populations (i.e. islands). Unlike the canonical island-based algorithms that execute the same metaheuristic on each island, four different population-based metaheuristics are adopted within the developed algorithm to search the islands, including the following: evolutionary algorithm (EA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA) and differential evolution (DE). The adopted population-based metaheuristic algorithms rely on different operators, which facilitate the search process for superior solutions on the UIMA islands. Findings The conducted numerical experiments demonstrated that the developed UIMA algorithm returned near-optimal solutions for the small-size problem instances. As for the large-size problem instances, UIMA was found to be superior to the EA, PSO, EDA and DE algorithms, which were executed in isolation, in terms of the obtained objective function values at termination. Furthermore, the developed UIMA algorithm outperformed various single-solution-based metaheuristic algorithms (including variable neighborhood search, tabu search and simulated annealing) in terms of the solution quality. The maximum UIMA computational time did not exceed 306 s. Research limitations/implications Some of the previous berth scheduling studies modeled uncertain vessel arrival times and/or handling times, while this study assumed the vessel arrival and handling times to be deterministic. Practical implications The developed UIMA algorithm can be used by the MCT operators as an efficient decision support tool and assist with a cost-effective design of berth schedules within an acceptable computational time. Originality/value A novel island-based metaheuristic algorithm is designed to solve the spatially constrained berth scheduling problem. The proposed island-based algorithm adopts several types of metaheuristic algorithms to cover different areas of the search space. The considered metaheuristic algorithms rely on different operators. Such feature is expected to facilitate the search process for superior solutions.
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Rein, David C. "Marine Vapor Control System for the Valdez Marine Terminal." Marine Technology and SNAME News 33, no. 02 (April 1, 1996): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1996.33.2.122.
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The Clean Air Act Amendment of 1990 will require many marine terminals in the United States to provide a means to control hydrocarbon emissions during loading of marine vessels. The Valdez Marine Terminal in Alaska is the largest domestic crude oil loading terminal and it will be affected by new regulations for vapor control. Engineering design is in progress for systems to control vapor emissions during loading of marine vessels. The paper addresses the basic system design considerations, special requirements, and unique features of the Valdez Marine Terminal Vapor Control project.
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Harding, J. E. "Marine Structures—Design, Construction and Safety." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 11, no. 2 (January 1988): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-974x(88)90050-8.
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Harding, J. E. "Marine structures; design, construction and safety." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 9, no. 1 (January 1988): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-974x(88)90059-4.
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Majer, Stanisław, Bartosz Budziński, and Przemysław Gardas. "Loads and Road Design for Intermodal Container Terminals with Untypical Heavy Load Traffic." Logistics and Transport 45, no. 1 (2020): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26411/83-1734-2015-1-45-9-20.
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There is a high demand in Poland for new intermodal container terminals. Increased rate of freight transport requires however new solutions for durable roads. Intermodal operations are carried out by swap bodies, trailers or most often containers. The intermodal terminals play the function of a storage, transportation and handling of the containers. The road surfaces within the terminals are exposed to different types of loads due to untypical types of transportation that operates on them. New types of roads demand new design methods that consider loads applied by special types of vehicles (container cranes, types of forklifts called reach-stackers). They also need to consider the method of container stacking, where the local forces can reach up to 1400 kN. The article presents typical loads that can be found in intermodal terminals, including the storing area and maneuvering aisles. The article presents also typical materials used for road construction, as well as method of dimensioning that incorporates different exposure factors. The method allows to design load-bearing and durable road surfaces. The calculations were performed for materials typically used in road construction, as well as in industrial flooring. The study presents a case study calculation of a parking lot designed for heavy load trucks.
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Dadashi, Ali, Maxim A. Dulebenets, Mihalis M. Golias, and Abdolreza Sheikholeslami. "A novel continuous berth scheduling model at multiple marine container terminals with tidal considerations." Maritime Business Review 2, no. 2 (June 15, 2017): 142–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-02-2017-0010.
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Purpose The paper aims to propose a new mathematical model for allocation and scheduling of vessels at multiple marine container terminals of the same port, considering the access channel depth variations by time of day. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes a new mathematical model for allocation and scheduling of vessels at multiple marine container terminals of the same port, considering the access channel depth variations by time of day. The access channel serves as a gate for vessels entering or leaving the port. During low-depth tidal periods the vessels with deep drafts have to wait until the depth of the access channel reaches the required depth. Findings A number of numerical experiments are performed using the operational data collected from Port of Bandar Abbas (Iran). Results demonstrate that the suggested methodology is able to improve the existing port operations and significantly decrease delayed vessel departures. Originality/value The contribution of this study to the state of the art is a novel mathematical model for allocation and scheduling of vessels at multiple terminals of the same port, taking into consideration channel depth variations by time of day. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first continuous berth scheduling linear model that addresses the tidal effects on berth scheduling (both in terms of vessel arrival and departure at/from the berth) at multiple marine container terminals.
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Wang, Nanxi, Daofang Chang, Xiaowei Shi, Jun Yuan, and Yinping Gao. "Analysis and Design of Typical Automated Container Terminals Layout Considering Carbon Emissions." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 24, 2019): 2957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102957.
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With the rapid development of world economy and trade and the continuous construction of green port, automated container terminal (ACT) has increasingly become the direction of future development. Layout design is the premise of ACT construction, which has an at least 50-year influence on the terminal. Therefore, this paper hopes to analyze and design the typical ACT layout to achieve sustainable development of the port. Firstly, a conceptual model is presented considering the interaction between different areas within the ACT when the width and length of the terminal are fixed. To select the optimal layout to achieve the goal of the green terminal, a novel mathematical model is established based on the energy consumption during cycle operation of various devices which can estimate the total carbon emission of an ACT over a period and is suitable for designing period. Then, with the developed model, an ACT in East China was taken as a case study. Finally, according to various analysis of the data results, the layout suggestion considering the sustainable development of the port is given.
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Goel, Rakesh K. "Evaluation of In-Ground Plastic-Hinge Length and Depth for Piles in Marine Oil Terminals." Earthquake Spectra 31, no. 4 (November 2015): 2397–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/071813eqs207m.
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This investigation evaluated the current recommendations for plastic-hinge length and depth for piles in marine oil terminals considering nonlinear pile and soil behavior, as well as two seismic design levels: Level 1 and Level 2. It was found that the plastic-hinge length depends on seismic design level, whereas depth is independent of seismic design level. For pre-stressed concrete piles, the current plastic-hinge length recommendations were generally found to be adequate for seismic design Level 2, but provided much smaller plastic-hinge length for Level 1. For hollow-steel piles, the current plastic-hinge length recommendation was generally found to be adequate for sands, but provided much smaller plastic-hinge length for clays for both seismic design levels. Furthermore, the current recommendations lead to much shallower plastic-hinge depth than that found in this investigation.
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Yu-Ting, ZHANG, HUANG You-Fang, YAN Wei, and HE Jun-Liang. "A New Yard Template Design for the Construction of Transshipment Container Terminals in China." International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology 9, no. 1 (January 31, 2016): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijhit.2016.9.1.06.
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Jeon, Angyoon, and Youngho Ko. "Design of Power Monitoring Security Module for Embedded Device with Elliptic Curve Algorithm." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.33 (August 29, 2018): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.33.18531.
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Currently, we are pursuing smart home construction, intelligent living environment, environment-friendly residential living and quality of life. However, power monitoring terminals using various wired and wireless networks and protocols in home networks are very vulnerable to security. In this study, we design and develop security system for smart meter terminal which can analyze the cryptographic technology of smart meter, which is vulnerable to physical attack, and exposes personal information from the outside, and maximize the efficiency of terminal.
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Tikhonin, V. I. "COMPLEX OF IMITATION DYNAMIC MODELS OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS OF TECHNOLOGICAL LOAD COMPLEXES OF PORTA." Transport development, no. 2(3) (October 31, 2018): 32–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33082/td.2018.2-3.04.
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Definite and analyzed factors having influence on the process of overload of loads in port and on treatment of ships and carriages. Their priority is definite. The process of functioning of technological shifting complexes (terminals) of port is described and the method of determination of their optimum parameters is offered by an imitation dynamic design.
Classification of terminals and models is offered. The basic modify parameters of models and boundary of their changes are definite. The cases of outages of transport vehicles are described. Flow-charts and algorithm of construction of simulation models are developed.
It is suggested to use principle of the «special events» and their list is definite. The basic requirements are definite by the construction of models and determination of their adequacy. The possible complex of optimization parameters of simulation model is offered.
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Suzdalev, Sergej, Saulius Gulbinskas, Vadim Sivkov, and Tatiana Bukanova. "Solutions for effective oil spill management in the south–eastern part of the Baltic Sea." Baltica 27, special (February 20, 2014): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/baltica.2014.27.09.
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The Baltic Sea is facing exceptionally intensive marine traffic. Oil products in addition to other cargo types are being transported in this marine area. Therefore, the risk of potential oil pollution is very high. Although, the Baltic Sea has not experienced catastrophic oil spills, there have been spills causing serious environmental damage in the region. Construction of oil terminals and planned growth of Russian oil export through Baltic Sea ports along with the operation of large oil enterprises and oil drilling platforms make maritime safety a priority task for the Baltic Sea region. The publications collected in present Baltica Journal Special Issue set sights on the improvement of oil spill management in the South–Eastern Baltic Sea as well as stimulate the appearance of new transnational response agreements in the region.
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Giampouranis, Dimitrios K., Mihalis Golias, Sotirios Theofanis, and Maria Boile. "Berth Allocation at Passenger Terminals Using Auctions." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 8 (July 24, 2022): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081010.
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In this paper, we compare a multi-round, second-price, sealed-bid bundle auction and a single-item, sequential, second-price, sealed-bid auction for berth slot leasing for vessels (roll-on/roll-off passenger vessels and/or cruise ships) at a public marine terminal. The bundle auction mechanism is designed to maximize port operator profits by auctioning berth (time) slots in groups. The framework is tested using simulation by varying: the number of roll-on/roll-off passenger/cruise ship operating companies; the number of slots they bid for; and the mechanism design with regards to the winner determination, slot valuation, and max to min slot bid ratio among the bidders. The results indicate that neither auction type is a clear winner, and depending on the assumptions, a terminal operator should choose one over the other. The results from this study can be used by terminal operators, given their knowledge and/or assumptions on slot valuations and demand, to select a winner-determination policy and the minimum number of slots they allow players to bid for when designing the auction of their berth capacity to maximize their profits.
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Milewski, Stanisław, Bogdan Szturomski, and Radosław Kiciński. "Strength Analysis of the Marine Weapon’s Construction." Naše more 68, no. 3 (September 2021): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/nm/2021/3.4.
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Due to the modernization of warships, it was necessary to carry out strength calculations for the newly assembled devices, for which there were no detailed technical requirements. The authors try to present and harmonize the requirements for naval military structures. The lack of experimental verification of newly built systems was indicated. Therefore the finite element method was used to determine the durability of the critical design elements. There is no explicit reference load in the literature, so the authors present a general solution to one of the worst cases. The work presents the cannon structure elements exposed to damage during the underwater explosion load, using the proposed methodology. The proposed method is sufficient to calculate individual ship cases. However, in the case of hull strength analysis, more complex algorithms should be used.
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Qiu, Chengbai, Jun Zhang, and Jie Yu. "Design of Emergency Intelligent Terminals for Field Exploration Based on Intelligent Internet of Things Technology." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (August 21, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1923386.
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To solve the intelligent rescue design of field exploration, the design of field intelligent terminal is explored based on intelligent Internet of things technology. Through the system’s platform management, integration of internal information, and strengthening technology research and development, the system has successfully completed the deployment and implementation, which strongly supports the design of intelligent terminals for field exploration emergency rescue. Relevant technicians need to recognize the application and development trend of Internet of things technology in intelligent field emergency rescue scenarios and take various measures to promote it, so as to make it a better support and enrich intelligent field emergency rescue functions and provide better impetus for intelligent field emergency rescue and the construction of digital city. For the construction of the current intelligent field emergency rescue scene, the Internet of things technology plays a major role, which also shows that the system has better realized the predetermined function. The field intelligent rescue system makes good use of the shared location function, which can avoid accidents such as team members falling behind and also well identify the location of team members.
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Wen, Wei Jun. "Design of Marine Data Warehouse ETL System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (October 2014): 1374–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.1374.
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ETL refers to the process of data extracting, transformation and loading and is deemed as a critical step in ensuring the quality, data specification and standardization of marine environmental data. Marine data, due to their complication, field diversity and huge volume, still remain decentralized, polyphyletic and isomerous with different semantics and hence far from being able to provide effective data sources for decision making. ETL enables the construction of marine environmental data warehouse in the form of cleaning, transformation, integration, loading and periodic updating of basic marine data warehouse. The paper presents a research on rules for cleaning, transformation and integration of marine data, based on which original ETL system of marine environmental data warehouse is so designed and developed. The system further guarantees data quality and correctness in analysis and decision-making based on marine environmental data in the future.
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Kermani, Bahman, and Paul Pankhurst. "Design and construction of the Doha Link, Kuwait." Structural Engineer 98, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.56330/bvnz2845.
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The Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah Causeway project in Kuwait includes the design, build, completion and maintenance of a major road link (Doha Link) between Shuwaikh Port in Kuwait City and the Doha Peninsula. The main structure in the link is the 7.7km marine viaduct which crosses Sulaibikhat Bay and has been constructed using the full-span launching method. This paper gives an overview of the design and construction of this challenging project, and explains how these have been optimised to ensure successful delivery within the demanding programme constraints.
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Yang, Ye, and Zhenyu Li. "Integrated Design and Assessment for Indoor Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Area: A Case Study in China." Buildings 12, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 1844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111844.
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Integrated design of the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) is indispensable to green design because the increasing demand for HVAC systems has led to the diversification of indoor terminals for residential buildings, either focusing on energy efficiency or specializing in creating comfortable indoor environments, and they have different impacts on architectural and engineering design. The paper discussed the assessment-based integration design of the HVAC system, and by introducing case experiences, the whole process of the collaboration between architects and engineers was explored. Various methods were used in the research. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was employed to develop the assessment structure and calculate weightings; employing fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE), the social performances of HVAC systems were subjectively evaluated; simulation technology was used to calculate the energy performances; the final results were ranked by the order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). The research perspective of the collaboration between architects and engineers contributed to the existing literature. Besides, different indoor terminals were analyzed from the two disciplines; an assessment tool (ATI) was conducted and could be referred to; the current green building rating tools were analyzed, and suggestions were proposed to promote the integrated design.
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Li, Ning Ning, Xiao Fang Zhang, Yuan Fei Wang, and Ran Zhang. "Design and Implementation of Campus Dining Application Based on Android." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 5250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.5250.
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With the continuous improvement in technology, campus life and learning applications are becoming increasingly modernization, and the popularity of mobile networks makes mobile terminals (especially smart phones) work as the most important information form for college students. Taking advantages of Android platform’s features to achieve efficient and intelligent campus applications, not only can implement synchronization of information dissemination, as well as in-time, learning and life convenience, but also reduce the students’ dependence on computers, which makes interpersonal communication everywhere. This paper takes the campus dining application for example, to explore campus applications based on Android, thereby promoting the construction of campus information technology, and further enrich the local campus life and learning.
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Zhou, Xijie, Xu Zhao, Shouyu Zhang, and Jun Lin. "Marine Ranching Construction and Management in East China Sea: Programs for Sustainable Fishery and Aquaculture." Water 11, no. 6 (June 13, 2019): 1237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11061237.
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Marine ranching, which is considered a sustainable fishery mode that has advantages for the ecosystem approach to fishery, the ecosystem approach to aquaculture, and capture-based aquaculture, is rapidly growing in China. The development of marine ranching requires integrating different theoretical frameworks, methodological approaches for conceptual exploring, and models and management of ecosystem frameworks. We reviewed the definition of marine ranching, the history of marine ranching construction in China, and the techniques, principles, and cases of marine ranching construction and management in the East China Sea (ECS). We highlight four major developments in marine ranching in the ECS: (1) marine ranching site selection and design, (2) habitat restoration and construction technologies, (3) stock enhancement and the behavioral control of fishery resources, and (4) marine ranching management. We conclude that this step-wise procedure for marine ranching construction and management could have comprehensive benefits in terms of ecology, the economy, and society. Finally, a synthesis of the existing problems in ECS marine ranching construction, along with future challenges and directions, are outlined.
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Gong, Qiyong, Jun Zhan, Pengzhi Wang, Xin Nie, Lei Zhao, and Xing Shen. "Research on Design, Construction and Maintenance Technology of Advanced Marine Research Ship." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 714, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 022061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/714/2/022061.
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Kuznetsov, A. L., A. M. Sampiev, and A. D. Semenov. "THE DIRECTIONS OF SEAPORT TECHNOLOGICAL RULES DEVELOPMENT." Vestnik Gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rechnogo flota imeni admirala S. O. Makarova 14, no. 2 (June 28, 2022): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21821/2309-5180-2022-14-2-157-168.
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The verb “project” in Latin means “throw forward”. In practice, the goal of any project or design is to create an object that does not yet exist with a certain number of features. As far as the physical creation of an object is started only after finishing the design, during this process we deal with different models and information. The result of sea terminals design is the documentation which consists of not only the necessary for construction and exploitation information, but also almost all physical, operational and financial parameters of the object. At the same time, the elements of behavior research, i. e. exploration of the output parameters reaction to the change of input ones and the data that were calculated on the previous steps of the design process, are a necessary part of each next step. The variation of requirements to the precision, sustainability and specification of data on different steps of design requires to use different in complexity and precision models to analyze them. The capitalization of infrastructural objects of sea transport, the acceptance of liquidity and the scale of social-economic impact on the society define the special requirements to this branch of activity, which are applied in strict regulation and formulation of rules of all design processes. Particularly, the active rules define the methods of sea terminals design, but this definition has been unchanged for a long time. The great evolution of nature, structure and volumes of data brings a conflict with the documental requirements to the calculations. This research is dedicated to the formulation of general rules of mathematical modelling, used as an instrument of sea terminals design on different steps. In order to achieve this goal, the typical steps of design process, which allow matching the consequence of technological design with the utilization of statistical modelling and queueing theory methods, are included in the paper. A new conception of simulation modelling, which allows connecting gnoseological advantages of this approach with universality of traditional methods, is also included. The saving of universality and objective process of consequent adequacy provement of all described models allows us to make a question of utilization of this instrument in general rules and recommendations of sea terminals design.
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Mickevič, Rafal, and Audrius Vaitkus. "APPLICATION OF ROLLER-COMPACTED CONCRETE IN FREIGHT TERMINALS." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 12 (October 1, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2020.13067.
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In these days constantly being looking for solution to reduce construction costs, the amount of materials used and the negative impact on the environment. Designing pavement structures with top layer of traditional concrete, the structures become very massive because of variation of concrete thickness from 20 cm to 29 cm according to the standard structures with concrete which are given in KPT SDK 19. An alternative to traditional concrete is roller-compacted concrete, the concrete with significantly larger fine aggregates which lead concrete mix to be non-slip. The roller-compacted mix can also achieve high concrete density and consolidation by rolling. The experimental studies were performed according to the guidelines of the “Guide for rollercompacted concrete pavements” and the automated StreetPave program. Twelve different variants of the pavement structure were used in the calculations, in which the main variables were: the modulus of deformation (Ev2), the thickness of stabilized layer (CTS) and the modulus of elasticity (E). Calculations were also performed for two scenarios, assuming that the amount of cracks appearing on the surface of the top layer after the design period would be 5% and 10%.
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Ma, Liang, and Xiaole Zhao. "Research on the multi-terminal adapting Web system construction." MATEC Web of Conferences 232 (2018): 01028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823201028.
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Among the various applying patterns of Internet programs, the Web system based on B/S architecture has the congenital advantage of cross platform. The same application could be accessed via the same domain name with any operating system, as long as the client-side software (browser) is installed. Thus, in the development of Internet application, if the function could meet the requirement, the Web system construction should be given the top priority. With the wide development of information technology, such as intelligent terminal, mobile interconnection and cloud computing, how to construct the Web system which could adapt to multi terminals is deserving of research. Based on a systematical and comprehensive investigation, this article aims to explore feasible ways to construct the multi-terminal adapting Web system catering to the current social concern, through feasibility analysis of prototype design.
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Liu, Jinming, Boyu Ju, Wei Xie, Huang Yu, Haiying Xiao, Shanliang Dong, and Wenshu Yang. "Design and Evaluation of an Ultrahigh-Strength Coral Aggregate Concrete for Maritime and Reef Engineering." Materials 14, no. 19 (October 7, 2021): 5871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195871.
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In this paper, an ultrahigh-strength marine concrete containing coral aggregates is developed. Concrete fabricated from marine sources is considered an effective and economical alternative for marine engineering and the construction of remote islands. To protect sea coral ecosystems, the coral aggregates used for construction are only efflorescent coral debris. To achieve the expected mechanical performance from the studied concrete, an optimal mixture design is conducted to determine the optimal proportions of components, in order to optimize the compressive strength. The mechanical properties and the autogenous shrinkage, as well as the heat flow of early hydration reactions, are measured. The hydration products fill up the pores of coral aggregates, endowing our concrete with flowability and self-compacting ability. The phases in the marine concrete are identified via X-ray diffraction analysis. The 28-day compressive and flexural strength of the developed marine concrete achieve 116.76 MPa and 18.24 MPa, respectively. On account of the lower cement content and the internal curing provided by coral aggregates, the volume change resulting from autogenous shrinkage is only 63.11% of that of ordinary reactive powder concrete.
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Wang, Yulong, Xiaohong Zhang, Lili Li, Jinyang Du, and Junguo Gao. "Design of Partial Discharge Test Environment for Oil-Filled Submarine Cable Terminals and Ultrasonic Monitoring." Energies 12, no. 24 (December 14, 2019): 4774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12244774.
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Based on the principle of operating an oil-filled-cable operation and the explanation of the oil-filling process provided in the cable operation and maintenance manual of submarine cables, this study investigated oil-pressure variation caused by gas generated as a result of cable faults. First, a set of oil-filled cables and their terminal oil-filled simulation system were designed in the laboratory, and a typical oil-filled-cable fault model was established according to the common faults of oil-filled cables observed in practice. Thereafter, ultrasonic signals of partial discharge (PD) under different fault models were obtained via validation experiments, which were performed by using oil-filled-cable simulation equipment. Subsequently, the ultrasonic signal mechanism was analyzed; these signals were generated via electric, thermal, and acoustic expansion and contraction, along with electric, mechanical, and acoustic electrostriction. Finally, upon processing the 400 experimental data groups, four practical parameters—maximum amplitude of the ultrasonic signal spectrum, Dmax, maximum frequency of the ultrasonic signals, fmax, average ultrasonic signal energy, Dav, and the ultrasonic signal amplitude coefficient, M—were designed to characterize the ultrasonic signals. These parameters can be used for subsequent pattern recognition. Thus, in this study, the terminal PD of an oil-filled marine cable was monitored.
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Zhang, Xiaoseng. "Multi-objective Optimization Design in Construction Period Considering the Influence of Marine Climate." Journal of Coastal Research 115, sp1 (August 27, 2020): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/jcr-si115-035.1.
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Kadyrov, Mikhail, Pavel Greshnikov, Semyon Maltsev, Alexey Maistro, Alexander Pereverzev, Kirill Kiselev, Andrey Durnev, Egor Starobinskii, and Pavel Buldakov. "Design and construction of the Cadet-M unmanned marine platform using alternative energy." E3S Web of Conferences 140 (2019): 02011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201914002011.
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Environmental monitoring has become an urgent task in recent years in connection with the deterioration of the environmental situation caused by industrialization [1]. Usually, manned vessels with measuring equipment and personnel serving it on board were used for these purposes, but with the development of technology, full automation of this process became possible. The problem of the need to use human resources is solved by applying an autonomous vessel control system. However, the big problem remains, which is the need to refuel the vessel in connection with the finite amount of stored energy. This problem is solved by using renewable energy, an example of which is solar energy, on measuring platforms. This article will discuss methods for developing platforms controlled by the autopilot and using solar energy, using the Cadet-M platform as an example.
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Tang, Pingbo, and Robert B. Bittner. "Use of Value Engineering to Develop Creative Design Solutions for Marine Construction Projects." Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction 19, no. 1 (February 2014): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)sc.1943-5576.0000184.
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Wang, Jiancun, Tianyun Su, Xinzhong Li, Jiagang Li, Qingping Li, Fanghui Lei, and Zhongtao Li. "Design and construction of system for marine geophysics data sharing based on WebGIS." Journal of Earth Science 23, no. 6 (December 2012): 914–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12583-012-0302-1.
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Vaitkus, Audrius, Viktoras Vorobjovas, Judita Gražulytė, Rita Kleizienė, Ovidijus Šernas, and Aja Tumavičė. "Design solutions for pavements structure affected by static and impact load." BALTIC JOURNAL OF ROAD AND BRIDGE ENGINEERING 9, no. 4 (February 20, 2014): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bjrbe.2014.33.
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Pavements of aprons, container and logistic terminals, areas of storage, parking lots, areas of waste utilization are affected by high pressure static and impact loads. These loads strongly influence pavement performance by causing permanent deformations and distresses in the surface and even sometimes pavement failure in the beginning of pavement service. The types of structure, materials and layer thicknesses are the main factors relative to pavement performance. In order to correctly understand the particularity of static and impact loading, distresses of pavement structures affected by such load are emphasized, the load specification and climatic conditions influencing pavement performance are characterized. After analysis of the best practise, the flow chart of pavement structure design model was introduced. The paper gives reasonable pavement type and thickness determination dependent on object of application pavement structure.
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Paul, P. N., and F. N. Midmer. "Marine Treatment." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 10-11 (October 1, 1989): 1517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0349.
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The marine treatment of sewage has become a well established practice in the UK. The technique involves the discharge of sewage through a system of ports or diffusers at a carefully chosen location (often several, kilometers out to sea) which will ensure that the subsequent dilution and dispersion of the sewage will achieve the required water quality objectives. The paper describes the studies and investigations that are carried out to determine the most appropriate discharge location and discusses the design of the pipeline and diffuser systems. The various construction techniques used in the UK to date are described, as well as the pre-treatment equipment and the methods of monitoring outfall performance. Particular attention is drawn to the need to undertake marine biological base-line surveys prior to commissioning as well as regular surveys after commissioning, both to ensure the environmental objectives are being met and to monitor the effects of the discharge.
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Kurilo, E. Yu, and D. V. Nizhegorodtsev. "Information modeling technologies at design of hydraulic facilities." Вестник гражданских инженеров 17, no. 4 (2020): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/1999-5571-2020-17-4-54-57.
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There takes place an intensive integration of building information modeling (BIM) in the activities of design and construction companies of the Russian Federation, including the hydraulic engineering segment. Existing software systems for building information modeling are not adapted for the design of marine engineering. This article is devoted to the study of the problem and the development of specialized solutions in this area (new or based on the existing software).The process of creating a hydraulic engineering pilot project, including the necessary libraries of basic elements, is considered. An enlarged plan for the integration of BIM to the marine engineering is proposed.
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Chen, Xuchao, Shiwei He, Tingting Li, and Yubin Li. "A Simulation Platform for Combined Rail/Road Transport in Multiyards Intermodal Terminals." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5812939.
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With the rapid development of multiyards railway intermodal terminal (MYRIT) construction in China, performance evaluation has become an important issue for terminal design and management departments. Due to the complexity of the multiyards terminal and the associated rail network, the train moving process and related terminal operations have become more complicated compared with the traditional intermodal container terminal. However, in general simulation platforms, the train moving process is simplified and train route scheduling rules are not considered in existing simulation models. In order to provide an accurate and comprehensive quantitative evaluation tool for MYRIT, a simulation platform based on the Timed Petri Net model has been developed, which can offer decision support for terminal design and management departments. In this platform, a yards and facilities layout module has been created to give simulation users access to designing the railway network on this platform. And a train route dispatching simulation method has been integrated to provide an accurate simulation of the train moving process. Based on a real case of Qianchang railway intermodal terminal that is located in Fujian Province, China, the platform is thoroughly validated against historical data. And the test scenarios show that train routes arrangement and handling equipment configuration both have a significant influence on overall terminal performance, which need to be carefully considered during terminal design and management.
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Vervoort, P. "Lakehead terminal elevators: aspects of their engineering history." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 17, no. 3 (June 1, 1990): 404–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l90-044.
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Massive grain elevators have been a dominant feature of the waterfront at Thunder Bay since 1883 when the first terminal was under construction. The earliest terminal elevators built by the Canadian Pacific Railway were constructed in the wooden crib technique on a pile foundation. By the turn of the century, the inadequacies of the crib terminals forced engineers to experiment with new materials and new design concepts for terminal elevators. Steel, tile, and reinforced concrete all came into use for terminal elevator construction between 1898 and 1903. By 1910, the plan of the elevator had evolved from a single building into four separate structures. The appearance of the typical Lakehead terminal elevator today is the result of these engineering experiments which occurred at the end of the nineteenth century and in the early years of the twentieth. Key words: grain elevators, concrete construction, slip forms, formwork, bins, silos, timber construction, crib walls, cribs, steel construction.
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Reid, Robert O. "SOME OCEANOGRAPHIC AND ENGINEERING CONSIDERATIONS IN MARINE PIPE LINE CONSTRUCTION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 2 (January 1, 2000): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v2.28.
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The proper design of a pipe line for the transport of gas or oil from sea to land requires the solution of a number of engineering problems either not encountered in pipe line engineering on land or found to be of a different nature in the marine environment than in the terrestrial environment. These include: (l) consideration of the vertical stability of the pipe, (2) consideration of the lateral stability of the pipe and its vertical risers in the presence of wave-induced forces, and (3) consideration of the longitudinal stability of the pipe in the presence of thermally induced tensile and compressive forces. The first of these considerations is treated in the present paper.
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Mozgovuy, Andriy, and Anatolii Butenko. "THE EFFECTIVE STRUCTURES OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FOUNDATION OF SYLOSES AT GRAIN TRANSFER TERMINALS." Collected scientific works of Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, no. 199 (June 10, 2022): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18664/1994-7852.199.2022.258797.
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To date sea, river and railroad terminals with metallic vertical cylindrical silos as technological equipment are used to transfer cereal and oil crops. Designs of reinforced concrete buried foundations with underground galleries and foundations with overground under-silo storey that are arranged for cylindrical metallic silos of high capacity have been investigated. The main criterion that requires strict observance is not to exceed the allowable value of settlement of metallic silos. Also, because the construction of silo is sensitive to nonuniformity of deformations, the criterion of uniformity of settlements within the boundaries of foundation shall be observed. Analysis of factors of silo accidents has shown that their considerable number occur as the result of destruction of metallic construction of silos by nonuniform operational loads caused by asymmetric actions during emptying silo. Nonuniform above-the-norm deformations of foundations also quite frequently cause silo accidents. Foundations of metallic silos of transfer terminals cause considerable loads on the base. Natural soil base is not always capable of taking stress under the foot of foundation. This is being solved by strengthening foundation bases: by making soil cushion, reinforcing the base with the more strong and rigid elements, injecting mineral or polymeric binders. Pile foundations are quite common during building silos. But their use is not always economically reasonable and justified in particular geological conditions of the building site. Rigidity parameters of the base essentially influence stressed-deformed state of foundations of metallic silos of increased diameters and distribution of contact stresses under the foot of foundations. Deformation parameters of the base and the construction of foundation create the possibility to regulate settlements and deflections of foundation. This makes it possible to control distribution of contact stresses. The value and character of settlement of round slab foundation of silo depend on the values of operating loads, dimensions and depth of foundation laying, distributional properties of its design, geological conditions of the base, influence of loads from the neighboring structures. Application of numerical methods of simulation of combined operation of base-foundation-structure to assess stressed-deformed state of silo foundations proves that prospective trend of improvement of design solutions of silo foundations is application of their prestressing. This causes increase in foundation rigidity and positively influences its stressed-deformed state.
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Kuznetsov, Alexander Lvovich, Adam Mihaylovich Sampiev, Anton Denisovich Semenov, and Alexander Viktorovich Kirichenko. "Directions of seaport technological rules development." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2022, no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-2-92-101.
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The article highlights the design process aimed to develop a non-existing object, which should correspond to all the requirements. As far as the physical creation of an object is started only after finishing the design process, the whole procedure includes discussing different models and information. The result of sea terminals design is the documentation which consists of not only the necessary for construction and exploitation information, but also almost all physical, operational, exploitation and financial parameters of the object. The elements of behavior research, i.e. exploration of the output parameters reaction to the change of input ones and the data that were calculated on the previous steps of the design process, is a necessary part of each next step. The variation of requirements to the precision, sustainability and specification of data on different steps of design require to use different in complexity and precision models to analyze them. The capitalization of infrastructural objects of sea transport, the acceptance of liquidity and the scale of social-economic impact on the society define the special requirements to this branch of activity, which are applied in strict regulation and formulation of rules of all design processes. It has been stated that the active rules define the methods of sea terminals design, but this definition has been unchanged for a long time. The great evolution of nature, structure and volumes of data bring a conflict with the documental requirements to the calculations. There are developed the general rules of mathematical modelling used as an instrument of design on different steps of sea terminals design. There is carried out a brief content analysis of the typical steps of a design process, which allows to correspond the consequence of technological design stages with using the statistical modelling and queueing theory design methods. It also includes the description of a new concept of simulation modelling, which allows to connect gnoseological advantages of this approach with universality of traditional methods. Saving the universality and objective process of consequent adequacy provement of all the described models allow to put a question of utilization of this instrument into the general rules and recommendations of sea terminal design.
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Zhao, Aiwu, Hongjun Guan, and Zhenzhen Sun. "Understanding high-quality development of marine economy in China: a literature review." Marine Economics and Management 2, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maem-10-2019-0011.
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Purpose High-quality development of marine economy is a new concept put forward in response to the current national strategy in China. The purpose of this paper is to thoroughly understand the connotation and significance of high-quality development of marine economy through literature review, and further analyze the prospects for further research. Design/methodology/approach The authors first use the information visualization technology of CiteSpace to present a systematic review of the published literature from 2010 to 2019. Then, the authors analyze the researches on high-quality development of marine economy in terms of connotation, evaluation dimension, development path and guarantee mechanism. Findings Analysis results show that there is still insufficient understanding of the differences and links between the high-quality development of marine economy and the construction of marine power, intelligent ocean and transparent ocean. Originality/value Based on a thorough understanding of the subject, this paper puts forward the direction of further research on evaluation index system, path design scheme and policy system construction for high-quality development of marine economy.
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Coles, Darrell, Yi Yang, Hugues Djikpesse, Michael Prange, and Konstantin Osypov. "Optimal nonlinear design of marine borehole seismic surveys." GEOPHYSICS 78, no. 3 (May 1, 2013): WB17—WB29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0265.1.
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We explore [Formula: see text]-optimization, a recently introduced method in optimal experimental design theory, as a tool to minimize the forecasted postinversion model uncertainty in marine borehole seismic applications. The [Formula: see text]-criterion is a design objective function crafted specifically for nonlinear data-model relationships and, when used in conjunction with greedy, sequential optimization algorithms, is among the first of its kind to be computationally efficient enough for industrial-scale applications. The benefits and disadvantages of greedy algorithms are briefly discussed, and one of the most popular, the Construction algorithm, is confirmed to take (nearly) linear time, as predicted by theory. The [Formula: see text]-criterion is rederived here to show that restrictive assumptions in its original derivation were unnecessary. This new derivation is cast in terms of expected likelihood ratios, which quantify the discriminability of geomodels constrained by observed seismic data. A 3D vertical seismic profiling (VSP) survey and a walkaway VSP survey are [Formula: see text]-optimized for a site in the Gulf of Mexico, from which several potential applications are identified, including: (1) prescribing the maximum radius of 3D VSP spirals; (2) a novel annular-spiral 3D VSP geometry to reduce acquisition time and cost; (3) a novel azimuthal-walkaway geometry for presurvey acquisition; (4) identifying optimal data for rapid postacquisition quality control and quick-look inversion; (5) optimizing data decimation to facilitate the analysis of massive data sets which cannot be practically analyzed in toto; and (6) optimizing source vessel placement for offset/azimuth checkshots.
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Becker, Dennis E., WJ (Bill) Burwash, RA (Bob) Montgomery, and Y. (Bill) Liu. "Foundation design aspects of the Confederation Bridge." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 35, no. 5 (October 1, 1998): 750–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t98-038.
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The Confederation Bridge is a 12.9 km long multi-span bridge spanning the Northumberland Strait to connect the provinces of Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick on the east coast of Canada. It is the longest continuous marine span bridge over ice-covered water in the world. The bridge is a design, build, operate, and transfer facility with the Government of Canada being the ultimate owner. Construction started in October 1993, and the bridge officially opened, on schedule, to traffic on June 1, 1997. The combination of deep water, high lateral and eccentric loads, complex geology and variable strength bedrock, and short construction window due to ice and bad weather introduced many foundation engineering challenges. This paper summarizes and discusses the geotechnical aspects of foundation design and construction monitoring services for the bridge. The geological setting and geotechnical conditions, the loading conditions and design criteria, specialized geotechnical analyses, foundation design, and construction quality assurance - quality control issues are described and discussed.Key words: Confederation Bridge, Northumberland Strait, foundation design, quality assurance, ring footing, drilled shafts.
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Jiang, Jianqing, and Reqiang Liu. "Effect of Improvement and Application of Composite Prefabricated Vertical Drain Method in Marine Soft Ground: A Case Study." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (June 12, 2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6097504.
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One of the commonly used techniques to improve marine soft ground is the drainage consolidation method by plastic board drains (PBDs). But some complex marine soft ground will cause construction inconvenience of PBDs in certain areas of these sites, thus affecting the improvement effect. An alternative possible approach to overcoming these deficiencies may be the combination of PBDs and sand wick drains (SWDs) (i.e., composite prefabricated vertical drains (CPVDs)) as vertical drainage channels in the same site. In order to verify the suitability and performance of this method in marine soft ground improvement, a case study was performed based on the field monitoring and construction of the marine soft ground of an intercity express railway project in China. The construction procedure using the CPVD system, the field monitoring instrumentation scheme, and the design of fill surcharge level were described, and the field monitoring data were presented. The settlement characteristics, dissipation features of pore water pressure, and the horizontal movement pattern were assessed. In addition, predictions of ultimate settlement, postconstruction settlement, and consolidation degree were discussed by applying a modified hyperbolic model. The results show that the marine ground improved by the CPVD system is suitable for the construction of intercity express railway and high-speed railway. The improvement construction period of complex marine soft ground will be greatly shortened by the proposed parallel construction programme. This work will provide technical supports and application reference for the improvement of the similar marine soft ground.