Journal articles on the topic 'Marine resources, kelp, crabs'
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1
Fondo, Esther N., and Benrick Ogutu. "Sustainable crab fishery for Blue Economy in Kenya." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 24, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/aehm.024.01.05.
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Abstract Lakes, rivers and oceans provide unique resources and support fisheries and aquaculture worldwide. The fisheries and aquaculture sector of Kenya contributes approximately 0.8% to the country’s GDP. Marine production is about 9 000 tonnes per year. Marine finfish form the bulk of the marine production, while shellfish (e.g. prawns, lobsters and crabs), molluscs (e.g. octopi and squids) are underexploited. The Fishery sector has the potential of about USD 5 billion for the Blue Economy in Kenya. Crab fishery in Kenya is active in some areas of the south and north coast. The crab resources along the Kenyan waters are diverse and a variety of species are edible. The most commonly fished crab by artisanal fishers is the Mangrove Mud Crab Scylla serrata. Semi-commercial and industrial fishers usually have portunid and other deep sea crabs as by-catch in trawl and longline fisheries, which in many cases are unutilized. Exports of live crabs have increased over the years, with exports mainly to Asian countries. Export of frozen crabs started recently. The need to sustainably utilize lake, river and ocean resources is recognized and important in promoting Blue Economy. Sustainable development of crab fishery provides a potential area for the Blue Economy development in Kenya. Research is essential to crab fishery development.
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Steneck, Robert S., Michael H. Graham, Bruce J. Bourque, Debbie Corbett, Jon M. Erlandson, James A. Estes, and Mia J. Tegner. "Kelp forest ecosystems: biodiversity, stability, resilience and future." Environmental Conservation 29, no. 4 (December 2002): 436–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892902000322.
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Kelp forests are phyletically diverse, structurally complex and highly productive components of coldwater rocky marine coastlines. This paper reviews the conditions in which kelp forests develop globally and where, why and at what rate they become deforested. The ecology and long archaeological history of kelp forests are examined through case studies from southern California, the Aleutian Islands and the western North Atlantic, well-studied locations that represent the widest possible range in kelp forest biodiversity. Global distribution of kelp forests is physiologically constrained by light at high latitudes and by nutrients, warm temperatures and other macrophytes at low latitudes. Within mid-latitude belts (roughly 40–60° latitude in both hemispheres) well-developed kelp forests are most threatened by herbivory, usually from sea urchins. Overfishing and extirpation of highly valued vertebrate apex predators often triggered herbivore population increases, leading to widespread kelp deforestation. Such deforestations have the most profound and lasting impacts on species-depauperate systems, such as those in Alaska and the western North Atlantic. Globally urchin-induced deforestation has been increasing over the past 2–3 decades. Continued fishing down of coastal food webs has resulted in shifting harvesting targets from apex predators to their invertebrate prey, including kelp-grazing herbivores. The recent global expansion of sea urchin harvesting has led to the widespread extirpation of this herbivore, and kelp forests have returned in some locations but, for the first time, these forests are devoid of vertebrate apex predators. In the western North Atlantic, large predatory crabs have recently filled this void and they have become the new apex predator in this system. Similar shifts from fish- to crab-dominance may have occurred in coastal zones of the United Kingdom and Japan, where large predatory finfish were extirpated long ago. Three North American case studies of kelp forests were examined to determine their long history with humans and project the status of future kelp forests to the year 2025. Fishing impacts on kelp forest systems have been both profound and much longer in duration than previously thought. Archaeological data suggest that coastal peoples exploited kelp forest organisms for thousands of years, occasionally resulting in localized losses of apex predators, outbreaks of sea urchin populations and probably small-scale deforestation. Over the past two centuries, commercial exploitation for export led to the extirpation of sea urchin predators, such as the sea otter in the North Pacific and predatory fishes like the cod in the North Atlantic. The large-scale removal of predators for export markets increased sea urchin abundances and promoted the decline of kelp forests over vast areas. Despite southern California having one of the longest known associations with coastal kelp forests, widespread deforestation is rare. It is possible that functional redundancies among predators and herbivores make this most diverse system most stable. Such biodiverse kelp forests may also resist invasion from non-native species. In the species-depauperate western North Atlantic, introduced algal competitors carpet the benthos and threaten future kelp dominance. There, other non-native herbivores and predators have become established and dominant components of this system. Climate changes have had measurable impacts on kelp forest ecosystems and efforts to control the emission of greenhouse gasses should be a global priority. However, overfishing appears to be the greatest manageable threat to kelp forest ecosystems over the 2025 time horizon. Management should focus on minimizing fishing impacts and restoring populations of functionally important species in these systems.
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Vega, JM Alonso, Marcelo Valdebenito, Luis Caillaux, and Jorge Bravo. "Abundancia y estructura poblacional de dos recursos pesqueros bentónicos fuera y dentro del área de una concesión marítima portuaria en Caldera, Región de Atacama, Chile." Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía 54, no. 2 (September 13, 2019): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.22370/rbmo.2019.54.2.1908.
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This study compares density and size structure of kelp Lessonia berteroana and sea urchins Loxechinus albus inside and outside a port concession area in Caldera. Greater abundance and larger adult individuals in populations of both benthic resources in this zone preliminarily indicates that this might be replicating a marine protected area. In the future, this port concession could contribute to the conservation of benthic resources as a reference site, without access to fisheries, useful for validating or implementing measures and actions in management plans or other instruments to support conservation.
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Stekoll, Michael S. "The seaweed resources of Alaska." Botanica Marina 62, no. 3 (June 26, 2019): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bot-2018-0064.
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Abstract Alaska has the longest coastline of all of the states in the USA. This coastal zone stretches from the temperate zone to past the Arctic circle. Oceanographic conditions vary from quiet estuaries to exposed open coasts. Water temperatures range from over 20°C in the summer in the south to ice covered water in the north. Consequently, the marine flora is plentiful and diverse with over 500 species of seaweeds. Three species of floating kelps occur from the southern boundary to Kodiak Island and westward along the Aleutian Chain. Species of Fucus are dominant in the intertidal along most of the coastline. There is also an abundance of red algae in the intertidal and subtidal. There is only minimal subsistence and commercial utilization of the seaweed resource. The major commercial use of seaweeds is in the herring spawn-on-kelp fishery. “Black seaweed” (Pyropia sp.) is a special resource for Alaskan Native subsistence harvest. Recently, there has been increasing interest and activity in the commercial mariculture of kelps such as Saccharina latissima and Alaria marginata.
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Erlandson, Jon M., Todd J. Braje, Kristina M. Gill, and Michael H. Graham. "Ecology of the Kelp Highway: Did Marine Resources Facilitate Human Dispersal From Northeast Asia to the Americas?" Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 10, no. 3 (February 19, 2015): 392–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15564894.2014.1001923.
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Mahfud, Mohamad Zaenal, Sudarmadji Sudarmadji, and Wachju Subchan. "Effect of Environmental Factors on The Relative Fitness and Spatial Distribution of Mangrove Crabs (Scylla spp) in Blok Bedul Segoro Anak, Alas Purwo National Park, Indonesia." Jurnal ILMU DASAR 18, no. 2 (May 27, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jid.v18i2.3909.
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The mangrove forest are natural and renewable. resources Mangrove has the physical, chemicaland biological function which highly support the fulfillment of human needs and serve as a bufferbalance of the ecosystem in coastal areas. One of the functions associated with the mangrovebiological existence as a source of diversity of marine life. Marine life is affected by the presenceof mangrove forests among mangrove crab (Scylla serrata) to maintain the ecological balance andcause the energy cycle running fast. This study aims to determine the condition of environmentalfactors, the relative fitness and spatial distribution of mangrove crabin the mangrove forests BlockBedul Kali Segoro Alas Purwo National Park. Data from the study are described and classified bysimilarity of environmental factors, then performed multiple linear regression betweenenvironmental factors with relative fitness and spatial distribution of mangrove crabs. The resultsshowed that the average relative fitness mangrove crabs at all the research station is 69 with astandard deviation of 13.51. Spatial distribution of mangrove crab at any observation station isless than 1, so it can be concluded that the distribution is uniform. Environmental factors withrelative fitness mud crab significant correlation, but no significant correlation betweenenvironmental factors with the spatial distribution of mangrove crabs.
Keywords: Relative Fitnes Crab Mangrove, Mangrove Crab Spatial Distribution, Alas Purwo National Park
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Johnston, C. S. "The seaweed potential of Orkney waters." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 87, no. 1-2 (1985): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000004127.
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SynopsisMarine resources, including seaweeds, have always played an important role in the history of the Orkney Islands, particularly over the period of the ‘kelp’ industry between 1719 and the 1930s. Recent studies confirm the presence of major sub-tidal seaweed forests dominated by the brown seaweed Laminaria hyperborea.In this paper, consideration is given to the possible revitalisation of the seaweed industry in Orkney, involving major developments of both harvesting and processing technology. This is seen as a logical component of an integrated inshore marine resource management strategy for the Islands.
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Alvarez León, Ricardo. "Las Vedas como Regulación del Aprovechamiento Sostenible de los Recursos Hidrobiológicos de las Aguas Dulces, Estuarinas y Marinas en Colombia." Summa Iuris 4, no. 2 (March 18, 2017): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.21501/23394536.2330.
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Se analizan las vedas vigentes para regular el aprovechamiento y conservación de los recursos pesqueros dulceacuícolas, marinos y estuarinos de Colombia. En los recursos continentales se incluyen peces de las cuencas hidrográficas de los ríos Magdalena, Cauca, San Jorge, Sinú, Orinoco y Amazonas, y algunos embalses y parques nacionales naturales. Los recursos estuarinos y marinos incluyen los litorales del Mar Caribe y del Océano Pacífico, con normas para corales, moluscos, cangrejos, peces, tortugas y delfines.This article analyses the current closed seasons aiming at regulating the use and conservation of the fresh, marine and estuarine fishing resources of the hydrographic basins of Colombia. The continental resources include the hydrographic basins of the rivers Magdalena, Cauca, San Jorge, Sinú. Orinoco and Amazonas; some reservoirs and some National Parks. Estuarine and marine resources include the Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean with standards for corals, mollusks, crabs, fish, turtles and dolphins.
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Marks, Rachel, S. Alex Hesp, Danielle Johnston, Ainslie Denham, and Neil Loneragan. "Temporal changes in the growth of a crustacean species, Portunus armatus, in a temperate marine embayment: evidence of density dependence." ICES Journal of Marine Science 77, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 773–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz229.
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Abstract Growth is a key attribute influencing population dynamics and fishery production, and understanding factors that affect the growth of individuals in a population is essential in fisheries science and management. This study analyses 18 years of fishery-independent trawl data to determine the relationships among temperature, density, primary productivity and growth of the blue swimmer crab, Portunus armatus, in a temperate marine embayment. Growth was modelled using mixture distribution analyses and cohort-specific seasonal growth curves to estimate the size of crabs at the age of 0.5 and 1.5 years. Growth was highly seasonal, with size-at-age increasing during the austral summer periods and slowing/ceasing during the cooler winter months. The results from the mixture models were used to estimate the mean size of the 0.5- and 1.5-year-old crabs in each year. Linear models showed that the mean size of adult P. armatus at 1.5 years was negatively related to the density of juvenile (0.5 year) crabs in the previous year (i.e. the same cohort) and chlorophyll a concentrations in this year. Increased chlorophyll a levels may increase the survival of larval and megalopal P. armatus, leading to density-dependent effects such as increased competition among juveniles for food and spatial resources, and ultimately, reduced growth.
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T. Kingsford, Richard. "Managing Australia's Scarce Water Resources for the Environment." Pacific Conservation Biology 15, no. 1 (2009): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc090004.
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Australia has 12 major drainage basins, but most water use and extraction comes from the Murray- Darling Basin, despite not having Australia?s more populous cities. About 66% of surface water use in Australia is extracted from the rivers of the Murray-Darling Basin (NLWRA 2001). The ecological impacts are widespread and insurmountable: key ecosystems are in various stages of collapse. Many of these are conservation reserves and wetlands recognized for their international importance under the Ramsar Convention. Populations of native fish species are considered to be only at 10% of pre European levels with 46% of the 35 fish species now listed as threatened at state level (MDBC 2004). Waterbird populations are also declining significantly, sometimes up to 80% over a period of about 25 years (Kingsford and Thomas 2004; Nebel et al. 2008). Many communities of floodplain vegetation are also in decline. The River Murray no longer breaks through the sand barriers to naturally flow out to sea, with flow now only maintained by a dredge (costing ~$100,000 per week) to ensure that sand does not completely block the Murray mouth. The lower lakes are below sea level for the first time in more than 7,000 years and marine incursions into this freshwater ecosystem have allowed colonies of marine worms Ficopomatus enigmaticus to build their calcareous colonies on the backs of freshwater turtles and crabs weighing them down.
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Kochi, Kaori, and Seiji Yanai. "Decomposition of leaves in coastal brackish water and their use by the macroinvertebrate Anisogammarus pugettensis (Gammaridea)." Marine and Freshwater Research 57, no. 5 (2006): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf05140.
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The brackish waters along the Hokkaido coast contain a mixture of plant material of both marine and terrestrial origin that provide food and habitat sources for many macroinvertebrates. Field and laboratory experiments were used to investigate the amount of breakdown of seaweed (kelp) and terrestrial oak leaves (green, senescent, and stream-water soaked (‘conditioned’)). In addition, the consumption and growth rates of Anisogammarus pugettensis were compared for the different leaf treatments. The breakdown of kelp was greater than that of terrestrial leaves. Among the three types of oak leaves, the amount of breakdown of green leaves was smallest and the breakdown of conditioned senescent oak leaves was 1.5 times greater than that of senescent leaves. Conditioning of leaves in fresh water enhances leaf decomposition in brackish water. The growth rates of A. pugettensis were similar and fastest when fed seaweed and a seaweed–leaf mixture (0.035 ± 0.009 and 0.043 ± 0.013 mg mg–1 day–1, respectively). The rapid colonisation of oak, despite its low nutritional value, suggests that leaves are important as a habitat, rather than as a food resource. Availability of both seaweed and terrestrial leaves as food resources and habitat would yield benefits for seawater-inhabiting macroinvertebrates.
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Cuttriss, Anna, Grainne S. Maguire, Glenn Ehmke, and Michael A. Weston. "Breeding habitat selection in an obligate beach bird: a test of the food resource hypothesis." Marine and Freshwater Research 66, no. 9 (2015): 841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf14213.
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The food resource hypothesis of breeding habitat selection in beach-nesting birds suggests that birds breed at sites with more prey to meet the increased energetic requirements associated with breeding. We compare prey resources using pitfall traps and core samples at breeding sites and absence sites of the eastern population of hooded plover, Thinornis rubricollis rubricollis, which, in this part of its range, is a threatened obligate beach bird. Breeding sites had higher abundances, equivalent species richness, and different assemblages of invertebrate prey compared with absence sites. Assemblages at breeding sites were characterised by more isopods, and fewer beetles of the family Phycosecidae. Breeding habitat selection by plovers appears to be associated with selection for sites with more food, and any process that degrades food resources at a site (e.g. kelp harvesting or marine pollution events) may reduce the likelihood of occupancy of that site by breeding birds.
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Rabinowicz, Sophie, Natalia García, Tristan Herwood, Amanda Lazar, Benjamin Hein, Eliot Miller, and Leonardo Campagna. "An avian dominance hierarchy at a supplemental water source in the Patagonian steppe." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): e0244299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244299.
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Birds often compete and engage in interspecific agonistic interactions for access to resources such as food and breeding territories. Based on the observed outcomes from such interactions (i.e., patterns of displacements) dominance hierarchies can be established. Knowing which species can outcompete others for essential resources allows researchers to make predictions about the broader ecological impacts of interspecific interactions. We constructed an interspecific dominance hierarchy of twelve avian species which visited an artificial water source in an arid region of coastal Patagonia, Argentina. Displacements were categorized into four types, based on the behaviors involved in the interaction, and we tested if they could predict the difference in dominance between the interacting species (the difference between calculated dominance coefficients for the two focal species). Indirect displacements, involving only the arrival of the dominant species to the water source without direct aggression toward the subordinate bird, occurred more frequently between species with a large difference in dominance. The most dominant bird observed was the kelp gull (Larus dominicanus), which, due to an increasing population and expanding range, in part due to food supplementation from fisheries waste, is likely to outcompete terrestrial and marine avian species for other scarce resources.
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Barbini, S. A., and L. O. Lucifora. "Ontogenetic diet shifts and food partitioning between two small sympatric skates (Chondrichthyes, Rajidae) in the Southwestern Atlantic." Marine and Freshwater Research 63, no. 10 (2012): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf12131.
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Knowing how sympatric species partition their resources is very important for understanding the mechanisms that influence marine community structure. We test the hypothesis of resource partitioning between two sympatric, closely related, morphologically similar, small skates, Psammobatis bergi and P. extenta. The diets of the two species were different. P. bergi fed predominantly on crabs, amphipods, isopods and polychaetes. P. extenta consumed mainly amphipods and shrimps. Changes in the diet with body size, maturity stage and season varied among species. The consumption of amphipods decreased with increasing size of both species. The consumption of crabs increased with increasing size of P. bergi, but decreased with increasing size of P. extenta. The consumption of cumaceans increased with size of P. extenta and decreased with size of P. bergi. Adults preyed on isopods more heavily than juveniles for both species. P. extenta preyed on shrimps more heavily in the warm season and, on the contrary P. bergi preyed on shrimps more often in the cold season. The dietary breadth was higher in P. bergi than in P. extenta and was higher in females than in males. Our results showed that these sympatric and closely-related species have clearly different trophic traits.
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Ringvold, Halldis, John-Arvid Grytnes, and Gro I. van der Meeren. "Diver-operated suction sampling in Norwegian cobble grounds: technique and associated fauna." Crustaceana 88, no. 2 (2015): 184–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003406.
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Marine cobble habitats in shallow waters are rich in faunal assemblages and known settling grounds for valuable fishery resources such as lobsters and crabs. Sampling these grounds is challenging as traditional techniques do not efficiently collect fast-moving benthic invertebrates. Typically, fast moving crustaceans are not sampled according to actual densities. This study used airlift suction sampling, pioneered in North America, to quantify benthic faunal assemblages in cobble grounds across 68 sampling locations in south-western Norway. In total, 72 species of benthic invertebrates (5276 individual specimens) were identified, with an overall sampling efficiency of 76.4%. Polychaeta and decapod crustaceans dominated the samples, with species diversity (Shannon Index, ) highest in Location 3. Cluster and Ordination analyses were further used to relate assemblages to a number of selected variables. Overall, the study highlights that suction sampling provides a low-cost and efficient method for quantifying mobile benthic fauna in structurally complex marine habitats (i.e., cobble).
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Safitri, Shofi Firda, Sunaryo Sunaryo, and Ali Djunaedi. "Biomorfometri Kepiting Bakau di Perairan Bandengan Kendal." Journal of Marine Research 9, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v9i1.25794.
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ABSTRAK: Kepiting Bakau (Scylla sp.) merupakan sumberdaya kelautan penting di Indonesia dan permintaan terhadap komoditi Kepiting Bakau cenderung meningkat, baik di pasar lokal maupun mancanegara. Peningkatan permintaan Kepiting Bakau dapat menyebabkan terganggunya populasi kepiting di alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji biomorfometrik Kepiting Bakau (Scylla sp.) yang meliputi ukuran lebar karapas Kepiting Bakau, hubungan lebar karapas dan berat, nisbah kelamin, faktor kondisi dan tingkat kematangan gonad Kepiting Bakau di perairan Bandengan Kendal pada November 2018 sampai Februari 2019. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa jumlah Kepiting Bakau yang diamati sebanyak 1914 ekor, terdiri atas 897 betina dan 1017 jantan, terdapat empat spesies Kepiting Bakau yang tertangkap di perairan Bandengan Kendal, yaitu Scylla serrata, Scylla tranquebarica, Scylla paramamosain dan Scylla olivacea, perbandingan betina dan jantan 1:1,19. Ukuran lebar karapas berkisar antara 43,75-165,5 mm dengan berat berkisar antara 23-660 g. Hubungan lebar karapas dengan berat bersifat allometrik negatif. Nilai faktor kondisi yang didapatkan berkisar 1,66–1,189. Tingkat kematangan gonad kepiting betina didominasi oleh TKG I dan II, pada bulan November 2018 – Februari 2019 di perairan Bandengan Kendal belum terjadi masa puncak pemijahan. ABSTRACT: Mud crabs (Scylla sp.) are important marine resources in Indonesia and demand for mud crabs tends to increase, both in local and foreign markets. Increased demand for Mangrove Crabs can cause disruption to the population of crabs in nature. This study to examine the morphometrics of Mud Crabs (Scylla sp.) Which include the size of the width of the Mud Crab carapace, the relationship between carapace width and weight, sex ratio, condition factors and the level of maturity of the Mud Crab in Bandengan Kendal waters from November 2018 to February 2019. The descriptive explorative methods was used in this research. The results showed that the number of mud crabs caught from November 2018 to February 2019 was 1914, consisting of 897 females and 1017 males, there were four species of mud crabs caught in Kendal Bandengan waters, namely Scylla serrata, Scylla tranquebarica, Scylla paramamosain and Scylla olivacea, comparison of females and males 1: 1,19. Carapace widths range from 43.75 - 165.5 mm with weights ranging from 23 - 660 g. The relationship between carapace width and weight are negative allometric. The obtained condition factor values range from 1.66 - 1.189. The maturity level of female crab gonads are dominated by TKG I and II, thus it is suspected that in November 2018 - February 2019 in the waters of Bandengan Kendal, the spawning peak has not yet occurred.
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López, Beatriz, and Jesús E. Conde. "Dietary variation in the crab Aratus pisonii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) (Decapoda, Sesarmidae) in a mangrove gradient in northwestern Venezuela." Crustaceana 86, no. 9 (2013): 1051–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003220.
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In order to investigate if the variety of resources consumed by Aratus pisonii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) changes along a structural mangrove gradient, the natural diet of this crab species was studied in five mangrove forests. Mangrove forests with different degrees of structural development (arboreal, arbustive, scrub) and located in different environments (estuarine, marine, hypersaline) on the northwest coast of Venezuela were considered, during the rainy and dry seasons. Rhizophora mangle Linnaeus, 1753 was the predominant mangrove species. The gut contents of 313 individuals were analysed, yielding a total of 12 prey categories. The diet of A. pisonii was based on mangrove fragments (leaves and bark). The index of relative importance (IRI) of mangrove fragments varied between 58% and 96%. Other items supplemented the diet: seagrass, algae, insects and crustaceans. The variety of resources consumed by A. pisonii was related to the mangrove structure and varied with the season. During the rainy period food diversity in the gut content increased, as mangrove heterogeneity and complexity increased, but during the dry season the trend was reversed. Aratus pisonii appears to enhance an opportunistic feeding behaviour when leaf quality decreases, which occurs during the dry season mainly in the hypersaline mangroves with less structural development (arbustive and scrub). During the drought the IRI of the items of animal origin increased in all the localities; this could be a response to the nutritional needs of the crabs during this season. In this work, we report the first documented egg consumption of its conspecifics, which supports the idea of cannibalistic behaviour associated mainly with crabs that live in the hypersaline and scrub mangrove with the lowest structural development and leaf quality.
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Michel, Jacqueline, Frank Csulak, Deborah French, and Molly Sperduto. "NATURAL RESOURCE IMPACTS FROM THE NORTH CAPE OIL SPILL." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1997, no. 1 (April 1, 1997): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1997-1-841.
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ABSTRACT The North Cape spill of 828,000 gallons of home heating oil was unique in that the natural resources most affected by the spill were water column and benthic resources. There was a fishery closure, extensive mortality of offshore benthic organisms (e.g., lobsters, surf clams, crabs), oil contamination of the water and sediments of the coastal salt ponds, and exposure offish in the salt ponds. Studies initiated during the preassessment phase of the natural resource damage assessment included assessment of: direct mortality and reduced reproduction of lobster, winter flounder, and piping plovers; sublethal impacts on juvenile fish growth rates and survival; sediment toxicity; prey base impacts in the ponds; and extent and weathering of oil in the water column and sediments. Four technical working groups were formed to assist injury quantification and identification of restoration alternatives: salt pond communities; marine communities; birds; and economics. Each group was responsible for coordinating all aspects of damage assessment for the identified resource; ensuring that the damage assessment for the identified resource is complete and defensible; and assisting in the development and scaling of restoration options for the injured resource. This paper presents an overview of the natural resource impacts for each of the major habitats and/or resources affected by the spill.
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Lembang, Hendricus, and Sebestina Siman. "POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN BADAN USAHA MILIK KAMPUNGWOGEKEL, DISTRIK ILWAYAB, KABUPATEN MERAUKE." Musamus Journal of Economics Development 1, no. 1 (October 18, 2018): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35724/feb.v1i1.1229.
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The village has the authority to manage the existing potential for public welfare. So that the village government can form economic institutions, namely Village Owned Enterprises (BUMK). Kampung Wogekel has marine and swamp fisheries resources. The study uses a PRA approach based on community participation with SWOT analysis. The results of this study found: Strength Aspects namely 1). Sufficient labor is available, 2). The productive age potential of coastal communities, 3). Natural resources are very available, 4). Public facilities such as ports, Pertamina logistics, banking institutions, 5). Fishing boats belonging to the village. Weakness aspects are: 1). Weak capital, 2). Fisheries business technology is still simple, 3). Electricity, ice factories and shelters and storage vessels, 4). Limited access to marketing, 5). Community culture that does not have entrepreneurial spirit. Opportunity Aspect: 1). Job opportunities, 2). Natural resources have not been fully utilized, 3). Authority to establish BUMK, 4). Government support. Threat aspects, namely: 1) Low fish prices, 2). Weather and bad season, 3). There is still massive fishing to only take bubbles and also illegal fishing, 4). Central government regulation of the moratorium has not been revoked. So that the potential business sector is a fish shelter business. While alternative businesses are salted fish, coarse salt, nine household basic needs, tubers and crabs.
Keywords: Development, economic institutions, entrepreneurship
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L. Read, J., D. Argument, and K. E. Moseby. "Initial conservation outcomes of the Tetepare Island Protected Area." Pacific Conservation Biology 16, no. 3 (2010): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc100173.
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Tetepare Island, the largest uninhabited island in the south Pacific Ocean, is an icon of Solomon Islands biodiversity and conservation management. In response to destructive logging threats, displaced landowners formed the Tetepare Descendants? Association with the core objective of conserving natural resources for the use of future generations. Local rangers enforce marine and terrestrial protected areas and monitor the response of key resource species. Within the first few years of protection, Coconut Crab Birgus latro and Trochus Trochus niloticus tended to be larger at protected sites than at sites where traditional artisanal, or subsistence-based, harvesting continued. Because larger crabs and gastropods are known to deposit more eggs than smaller conspecifics, these data confirmed to resource owners the value of prohibiting harvesting from regions to improve productivity of adjacent harvested regions. Tetepare Island is a valuable research location equipped with a field station, ecolodge, trained guides, and supported by regular environmental monitoring that can assist in the interpretation of monitoring results and fine-tuning of management.
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Amaral, Valter, Henrique N. Cabral, and José Paula. "Implications of habitat-specific growth and physiological condition on juvenile crab population structure." Marine and Freshwater Research 59, no. 8 (2008): 726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08006.
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Post-settlement processes can regulate the size and structure of marine invertebrate and fish populations. Faster growth and better physiological condition generally increase the survival potential of early juveniles, being usually associated with structurally complex habitats. Successive cohorts of early juvenile Carcinus maenas were followed in sandy and seagrass (Zostera noltii) habitats in the Mira Estuary, Portugal, to estimate growth and physiological condition (evaluated by RNA/DNA ratio) of juvenile populations. Mean cohort growth was similar in both habitats. However, in the sandy habitat, population size structure progressed to cohorts of larger carapace width (CW) and the RNA/DNA ratio was always higher than in the Z. noltii habitat. In this habitat, cohorts of low CW prevailed throughout and RNA/DNA ratio only increased after ~5.0 mm CW. Higher densities characterising seagrass areas may result in higher competition for resources, limiting growth and condition and leading to dispersal to less populated habitats. Larger juveniles had the best physiological condition, especially early in the season. Seagrass habitats do not necessarily yield enhanced growth rates and physiological condition of early juvenile crabs in relation to sandy areas. Knowledge of such trends is vital to understand distribution and abundance patterns of fish and marine invertebrate populations.
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Stanski, Gilson, Fernando L. Mantelatto, and Antonio L. Leão-Castilho. "Hermit crab bycatch fauna (Decapoda, Anomura) off the coast of Santa Catarina State, Brazil: diversity and spatial-temporal distribution." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 44, no. 3 (February 23, 2017): 546–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol44-issue3-fulltext-13.
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Biodiversity and spatial-temporal distribution of hermit crabs captured as bycatch in the nonselective fishery of shrimp were analyzed in this study from July 2010 through June 2011 off coast Santa Catarina State (southern Brazil). Ecological indexes and redundancy analyses were conducted to understand the hermit community and their relationship with environmental factors. In total, 644 specimens were collected, representing two families, five genera, and six species, demonstrating remarkable species richness in the study area, mainly because Santa Catarina is a subtropical region. Isocheles sawayai showed the highest abundance, followed by Loxopagurus loxochelis. Both species demonstrated correlation with temperature (positive) and sediment grain size (negative). The highest richness and evenness values were estimated at the deeper area (17 m). However, in 5 m deep area showed the lowest evenness because of the high dominance of I. sawayai, resulting in a lower estimated diversity. During a period of lower temperature and higher salinity (July), higher levels of diversity were registered, probably because of the lower dominance of tropical species (I. sawayai) and the presence of some species distributed in offshore regions (Petrochirus diogenes, Dardanus insignis and Pagurus exilis). Thus, we detected that the capture effort designated in the shrimp fishery activities had a strong influence in the diversity of hermit crabs and other associated fauna, especially because of catch specimens in expressive abundance at various stages of development, including juveniles. This profile makes us argue in favor of constant monitoring of bycatch resources in order to preserve the marine fauna.
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Burd, Brenda, Chris Lowe, Carmen Morales-Caselles, Marie Noel, Peter Ross, and Tara Macdonald. "Uptake and trophic changes in polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the benthic marine food chain in southwestern British Columbia, Canada." FACETS 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 20–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2018-0021.
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We examined the physical and geochemical effects of sediment on the uptake of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) into marine sediment feeders and their transfer to higher trophic fauna. Sediment PBDEs increased with % total organic carbon (%TOC), organic carbon (OC) flux and grain size (%fines). Tissue PBDE variance was best explained ( R2 = 0.70) by sediment acid volatile sulfides (AVS), PBDEs, and organic lability and input, with the highest values near wastewater outfalls. Dry weight tissue/sediment PBDEs declined with increasing sediment PBDEs, resulting in tissue dilution (ratio <1) at >10 000 pg/g in harbours. Ratios also decreased with increasing %fines, resulting in regional differences. These patterns imply that high levels of fines and high sediment concentrations make PBDEs less bioavailable. Dry weight PBDEs increased >100× between background deposit feeders and predators (polychaetes, crabs, bottom fish, seal), but lipid normalized PBDEs barely increased (<1.3%), suggesting remarkably high uptake in low-lipid sediment feeders, and that PBDEs don’t accumulate at higher trophic levels, but lipid content does. Filter feeders had lower lipid-normalized PBDEs than deposit feeders, highlighting the importance of food resources in higher trophic fauna for bioaccumulation. The most profound congener change occurred with sediment uptake, with nona/deca-BDEs declining and tetra-hexa-BDEs increasing. Harbour sediment feeders had more deca-BDEs than other samples, suggesting PBDEs mostly pass unmodifed through them. Deca-BDEs persist patchily in all tissues, reflecting variable dependence on sediment/pelagic food.
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Smale, Dan A., Gary A. Kendrick, Euan S. Harvey, Timothy J. Langlois, Renae K. Hovey, Kimberly P. Van Niel, Kris I. Waddington, et al. "Regional-scale benthic monitoring for ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV)." ICES Journal of Marine Science 69, no. 6 (May 18, 2012): 1108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss082.
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Abstract Smale, D. A., Kendrick, G. A., Harvey, E. S., Langlois, T. J., Hovey, R. K., Van Niel, K. P., Waddington, K. I., Bellchambers, L. M., Pember, M. B., Babcock, R. C., Vanderklift, M. A., Thomson, D. P., Jakuba, M. V., Pizarro, O., and Williams, S. B. 2012. Regional-scale benthic monitoring for ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 1108–1118. Monitoring marine habitats and biodiversity is critical for understanding ecological processes, conserving natural resources, and achieving ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM). Here, we describe the application of autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) technology to conduct ongoing monitoring of benthic habitats at two key locations in Western Australia. Benthic assemblages on rocky reefs were sampled with an AUV, which captured >200 000 geo-referenced images. Surveys were designed to obtain 100% coverage of 25 × 25 m patches of benthic habitat. In 2010, multiple patches were surveyed at 15–40-m depths at three reference sites at the Houtman Abrolhos Islands and at six reference sites at Rottnest Island. The following year, repeat surveys of the same geo-referenced patches were conducted. Benthic assemblages at the Houtman Abrolhos Islands were varied in that one reference site was dominated by hard corals, whereas the other two were macroalgae dominated. Conversely, assemblages at Rottnest Island were dominated by the kelp Ecklonia radiata. The AUV resurveyed each patch with high precision and demonstrated adequate power to detect change. Repeated observations at the reference sites will track natural variability in benthic habitat structure, which in turn will facilitate the detection of ecological change and ultimately feed back into EBFM processes.
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West, Dixie, Michael Crawford, and Arkady B. Savinetsky. "Genetics, prehistory and the colonisation of the Aleutian Islands." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 98, no. 1 (March 2007): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691007000023.
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ABSTRACTThe 1800 km-long Aleutian archipelago represents a model ecosystem to track human–environmental interactions across space and through time. Defining the southern margin of Beringia across which much of the early peopling of the Americas occurred, the Aleutians present a 9000 year record of human occupation in the eastern part of the island chain, and more than 3000 years in the west. Molecular evidence demonstrates: (1) that Aleuts shared common ancestry with Chukchi and Siberian Eskimos of Chukotka; (2) the original patterns of migration into the Aleutian islands were from the Alaskan peninsula in a westward direction with no evidence for island-hopping from Kamchatka; and (3) a highly significant statistical relationship between geography and genetics, based on mtDNA sequences, was observed despite previous population disruption. Historically, the Aleutian region is a rich ecotone, with ocean fisheries, abundant populations of large marine mammals, thick kelp forests, complex near-shore ecosystems and intertidal zones, spawning streams, and a highly diverse avian fauna. Each of these environments and resources has been pivotal in shaping the adaptive strategies of human occupants of the island chain since the initial colonisation of the Aleutians from the Alaskan Peninsula. In turn, Holocene human immigration, prehistoric cultural adaptations and subsequent historic events have had reciprocal impacts on the natural systems of the Aleutians.
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Koto, Saifuddin, Alex Retraubun, and Dicky Sahetapy. "POLA RUANG DAN STRATEGI PEMANFAATAN LAHAN BUDIDAYA DI PERAIRAN TELUK KOTANIA, KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT, PROVINSI MALUKU." TRITON: Jurnal Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan 16, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/tritonvol16issue1page28-37.
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Kotania Bay, West Seram Regency can be clarified as one of the unique bays because it has five smallest islands, which has the important potential coastal ecosystem resources. This bay’s status also has been assigned as a Coastal Conservation Area and Small Islands. These purposes of this research are 1) to know the sub-zone potential cultivation in Kotania Bay, and 2) to analyze and formulate the marine cultivation management strategy in Kotania Bay. The method of data collection used by the researcher are interviews and direct field observations. The data analysis used land suitability index to determine the potential cultivation space (seaweed, sea cucumbers, mangrove crabs and groupers), while the DPSIR is used to produce the marine culture management strategy in Kotania Bay. The potential marine cultivation in Kotania Bay is divided into three sub-zones cultivation with the total area 361,69 ha. The result of the research showed that the suitability of seaweed cultivation land obtained an S1 value of 66% (237.43 ha) and an S2 value of 34% (124.26 ha). The land suitability of the sea cucumber cultivation obtained an S1 value of 94% (340.65 ha) and an S2 value of 6% (21.04 ha). The suitability of cultivated land designated for mangrove crabs, especially the species of Scylla serrata, was obtained very suitable values up to 100%. The cultivation activity for grouper fish obtained an S1 value of 93% (338.06 ha), while for an S2 value of 7% (23.63 ha). There are 11 recommended strategies for the management and development of marine cultivation activities in Kotania Bay.
ABSTRAK
Teluk Kotania Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai salah satu teluk yang unik karena memiliki lima pulau sangat kecil, serta memiliki potensi sumberdaya eksoistem pesisir penting. Teluk ini pun telah ditetapkan status sebagai Kawasan Konservasi Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil (KKP3K). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui potensi ruang sub-zona budidaya di Teluk Kotania, dan 2) menganalisis dan menformulasikan strategi pengelolaan budidaya laut di Teluk Kotania. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode wawancara dan observasi langsung di lapangan.Analisa data menggunakan indeks kesesuaian lahan untuk mengetahui potensi ruang budidaya (rumput laut, teripang, kepiting bakau dan ikan kerapu), sedangkan DPSIR digunakan untuk menghasilkan strategi pengelolaan budidaya laut di Teluk Kotania. Potensi wilayah budidaya laut di Teluk Kotania dibagi menjadi tiga sub zona budidaya dengan total luas 361,69 ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kesesuaian lahan budidaya rumput laut diperoleh nilai S1 sebesar 66% (237,43 ha) dan nilai S2 sebesar 34% (124,26 ha). Kesesuaian lahan untuk budidaya teripang diperoleh nilai S1 sebesar 94% (340,65 ha) dan nilai S2 sebesar 6% (21,04 ha). Kesesuaian lahan budidaya yang diperuntukkan untuk kepiting bakau terutama spesies Scylla serrata diperoleh nilai sangat sesuai hingga 100%. Kegiatan budidaya untuk ikan kerapu diperoleh nilai S1 sebesar 93% (338,06 ha), sedangkan untuk nilai S2 sebesar 7% (23,63 ha).Terdapat 11 strategi yang direkomendasikan untuk pengelolan serta pengembangan kegiatan budidaya laut di Teluk Kotania.
Kata Kunci: Budidaya, indeks kesesuaian, rumput laut, teripang, Teluk Kotania
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Kang, Bouhee, Denise I. Skonberg, and Angela D. Myracle. "Anti-Hyperglycemic Effects of Green Crab Hydrolysates Derived by Commercially Available Enzymes." Foods 9, no. 3 (February 28, 2020): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9030258.
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The predation and burrowing activity of invasive green crabs have had detrimental effects on important marine resources and habitats. Our objective is to develop bioactive hydrolysates by enzymatic proteolysis of underutilized green crab. Mechanically separated mince was hydrolyzed with Alcalase, Protamex, Flavourzyme, and Papain (1%) for 60 min. Subsequently, the hydrolysates were introduced to a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model. Selected samples were fractionated by ultrafiltration, and their anti-hyperglycemic effects including α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory activities and glucagon-like 1 (GLP-1) secretory activity were evaluated. The Protamex treatment showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 1.38 ± 0.19 mg/mL) compared to other enzyme treatments and the crab mince control, and its α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50 11.02 ± 0.69 mg/mL) was lower than its α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Its GLP-1 secretory activity was approximately four times higher than the positive control (10 mM glutamine). The <3 kD fraction contributed significantly to the anti-hyperglycemic activity of Protamex-derived hydrolysates, and this activity was stable after simulated digestion. Our results suggest that green crab hydrolysates obtained by Protamex treatment have the potential for type 2 diabetes management and could be incorporated in food products as a health-promoting ingredient.
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Siers, Shane R., Are R. Berentsen, Thomas W. McAuliffe, Dean K. Foster, and Kristen Rex. "Rodenticide application strategies for intertidal rat habitats." Wildlife Research 45, no. 1 (2018): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr17131.
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Context Successful eradications of invasive rats from islands are paying tremendous conservation dividends, but failed eradications are economically and environmentally costly. For an eradication using rodenticides, every rat in every habitat must have sufficient exposure to toxic bait to receive a lethal dose. A post-operational review of a failed rat eradication on Wake Atoll, central Pacific Ocean, suggested that inadequate treatment of an intertidal habitat within the lagoon might have caused or contributed to the failure to kill all Polynesian rats (Rattus exulans), which have since recovered in number. This habitat could not be treated by aerial broadcast due to concerns about loss of bait to tidal action and perceived contamination of the marine environment. Aims In preparation for a second attempt, we developed two alternative bait application strategies to distribute enough bait for a long enough period of time to successfully target rats, while minimising bait entering the ocean. Methods We used camera traps and experimental bait provisioning methods to document rat foraging in the target habitat and uptake of bait. We developed two baiting strategy alternatives, and employed one of these strategies in a placebo bait application to demonstrate bait uptake by rats foraging within this tidally inundated habitat. Key results Our results show active foraging by rats in the target habitat. Provisioning of placebo bait by various means preventing bait spillage into the marine environment was followed by heavy feeding by rats and minimal bait interference by crabs. Conclusions We consider it likely that such a bait application strategy will be considered as an alternative during a future eradication attempt on Wake Atoll. Implications The techniques we explore here will be useful for rodent suppression in other wetland areas requiring rodent control while protecting sensitive aquatic resources.
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RAVASI, MARÍA TERESA, JUAN PABLO SECO PON, JESICA ANDREA PAZ, MARCO FAVERO, and SOFÍA COPELLO. "Use of winter habitat at an early age: spatial ecology and association with human activities of juvenile Olrog’s Gull Larus atlanticus." Bird Conservation International 29, no. 4 (March 20, 2019): 575–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270919000029.
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SummaryOlrog’s Gull Larus atlanticus is an endemic species of the Atlantic coast of southern South America and is currently listed as ‘Near Threatened’ on the IUCN Red List. The species breeds in coastal wetlands of Buenos Aires and Chubut provinces of Argentina and during winter migrates northwards as far as southern Brazil. During the breeding season the species is considered to have a specialised diet, foraging mostly on crabs. However, during the non-breeding season the gull presents a wider dietary spectrum (including fish) as a result of a potential association with commercial and sport fishing activities. The main goal of this study was to analyse the habitat use and overlap with natural and anthropogenic food resources of juvenile Olrog’s Gull during the winter in Mar Chiquita Lagoon, Buenos Aires. Twenty-two GPS devices were deployed during the winters of 2013 and 2014. A total of 1,088 fixes was gathered by GSM (both seasons combined). Analysis showed that the individuals were (kernel 95%) distributed in a limited area along the mouth of the lagoon. The core area (kernel 50%) covered only 0.3 km2 and was located in the south of the mouth. The overlap between juveniles and crab densities was lower than expected, while the overlap between juveniles and fishing effort was higher than expected during weekdays and lower during weekends. These results are of value for the further development of marine conservation measures for wintering areas which have so far been somewhat neglected while addressing the conservation status of the species.
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Hossain, MM, and MM Ali. "Investigation on Fish Marketing System and Species Availability at Daulatpur Fish Market in Khulna, Bangladesh (Revised)." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 7, no. 2 (February 14, 2015): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22228.
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16th February 2015. Due to a number of missing tables and figures, this article (DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i1.22144) was withdrawn from Vol.7(1) and has been republished with corrections in Vol.7(2) pp.177-184 (DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22228).An investigation was carried out on the fish marketing system and availability of fish species at Daulatpur fish market in Khulna over 12-months from September 2012 to August 2013. Combinations of the participatory, qualitative and quantitative methods were used for questionnaire interviews for data collection. A total of 115 species of fresh water, brackish and marine water fish and crustacean species were identified during the observation period. The number of fresh water fish species was found 60 including 14 fresh water culture species and 12 SIS whereas brackish and marine water species was found 41 and crustacean species was 14 including 5 fresh water prawn, 6 marine and brackish water shrimp and 3 crabs. During the observation period, it was found that the availability of culture fish species was higher in the market and it was 55.86% including 17% catfish, 15.65 % tilapia, 15.56 % carp fishes, 4.18% koi, 2.47% punti and 1% prawn. Catfish, carps, tilapia, snakehead, baim, shing-magur, punti, koi etc were the major abundant groups among the fresh water fish species whereas ilish and some shrimp were the abundant species of marine and brackish water fish. The highest abundance (55.86%) was found the fresh water culture fish species following to marine and brackish water species (28.01%) and fresh water capture species (16.01%). The market chain from farmers/fishermen to consumers encompassed mainly primary, secondary and retail markets involving local agents (foria and bepari) suppliers, aratdars, wholesalers and retailers. During the observation, it was found that the auctioneers get 3 to 5% commission by performing their activities. Aratdars also get 4 to 5% commission due to arrange auctioning activities and providing other facilities such as clean water supply, electricity, space, communication etc which is called aratdary. In some cases farmers have to pay market tools that locally called khazna which vary from 5 to 10% depending on amount of sales. Market structure, species quality, size and weight have an influence on the price of fish and it was found that the price of fish increases per kilogram with increasing size and it varied with species to species. Every step of intermediaries of marketing channel obtained certain amount of profit and ultimately the farmers/fishermen received an average near about 60 percent of the retail price of fish in the market.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22228 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 7(2): 177-184 2014
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Arthatiani, Freshty Yulia, Estu Sri Luhur, Armen Zulham, and Joni Haryadi. "PELUANG OPTIMALISASI PENGEMBANGAN BUDIDAYA KEPITING SOKA DI WILAYAH KIMBIS CAKRADONYA KOTA BANDA ACEH Opportunities to Optimize Soft Shell Crab Cultivation on KIMBis Cakradonya Area in Banda Aceh." Jurnal Kebijakan Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 4, no. 2 (November 29, 2014): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jksekp.v4i2.601.
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Kota Banda Aceh merupakan ibukota Provinsi Aceh yang berada di pulau Sumatera yangsangat potensial untuk pengembangan budidaya kepiting, namun masih menghadapi berbagai kendaladalam optimalisasi potensi yang dimiliki. Klinik IPTEK Mina Bisnis (KIMBis) Cakradonya di Kota BandaAceh merupakan sebuah kelembagaan yang dibentuk pada tahun 2011 dengan tujuan peningkatankesejahteraan masyarakat terutama di sektor kelautan dan perikanan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk dapatmendeskripsikan peranan KIMBis dalam mengoptimalisasi peluang pengembangan budidaya kepitingcangkang lunak yang biasa disebut kepiting soka. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kota Banda Aceh yangmerupakan wilayah Kerja KIMBis Cakradonya dengan analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatifuntuk menjelaskan kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan oleh KIMBis dalam mengoptimalkan peluangpengembangan usaha kepiting soka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan KIMBis Cakradonya berperan dalammensosialisasikan peluang usaha kepiting soka terutama kepada stakeholders sehingga diharapkandapat memberikan dukungan kebijakan bagi pengembangan usaha ini, selain itu KIMBis juga berperandalam memperkenalkan penggunaan teknologi budidaya kepiting soka dan pengolahan limbah hasilbudidaya kepiting yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas usaha. Namun optimalisasipeluang pengembangan kepiting soka mengalami berbagai kendala dari sisi teknologi, sumberdayamanusia modal dan juga input produksi. Oleh karena itu kedepannya diharapkan dapat dilaksanakanupaya tindak lanjut untuk mengatasi berbagai kendala yang dihadapi baik itu dari sisi pengadaan benihkepiting, maupun aplikasi penerapan teknologi yang efisien serta peningkatan kemampuan pembudidayakepiting soka dalam mengakses permodalan sehingga usaha ini dapat berkembang secara optimal bagipeningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat.Title: Opportunities to Optimize Soft Shell Crab Cultivation onKIMBis Cakradonya Area in Banda AcehBanda Aceh is the capital of Aceh Province that has great potential in crab cultivation. KlinikIPTEK Mina Bisnis (KIMBis) Cakradonya in Banda Aceh is an institution established in 2011 with the aimof improving the welfare of the community, especially in the marine and fisheries sector. This paper aimsto describe the role of KIMBis to optimize the chances of developing soft shell crab farming on BandaAceh. This research was conducted in Banda Aceh with qualitative descriptive data analysis methods.The results showed that KIMBis Cakradonya has role in disseminating of soft-shelled crabs businessopportunities especially to the stakeholders that are expected to provide policy support. KIMBis alsohad a role in the activities of introducing the use of soft-shelled crab cultivation technology and wastetreatment of cultured crabs to increase business productivity. However, the development of soft-shelledcrabs are still constrained in terms of technology, human resources and capital inputs. Therefore, in thefuture is expected to be implemented in various ways to overcome the problems in the soft shell crabcultivation such as crab seed procurement, as well as the application of efficient application of technologyand the increased capacity in the soft-shelled crab farmers to access capital so that businesses candevelop optimally for improvement public welfare.
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Pesang, Martice Desi, James Ngginak, Alfred Gasper Onisimus Kase, and Coni Lisandra Balle Bisilissin. "Komposisi Pigmen pada Ulva sp., Padina australis dan Hypnea sp. dari Pantai Tablolong Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 23, no. 2 (April 6, 2020): 225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v23i2.5912.
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Indonesia has marine biological natural resources consisting of fish, seaweed, crabs and shrimp which are very potential. The purpose of this study was to determine the composition of pigments in Ulva sp (Chlorophyta), Padina australis (Paeophyta) and Hypnea sp (Rhodophyta) obtained from Tablolong waters. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative and quantitative. Proof of pigment in samples using thin layer chromatography (TLC). The results of pigment analysis of Ulva sp obtained twelve color spots with identified pigment types consisting of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, xanthophyll, b-carotene and feofitin. The pigment content identified in Padina australis samples are chlorophyll b, feoforbid, xanthophyll, chlorophyll a, carotene and feofitin a. The types of pigments identified in Ulva sp include pigment chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotene and feofitin from the total color spots formed. Based on the results of this study concluded that non-cultivated seaweed obtained from Tablolong waters contains carotenoid and chlorophyll pigments. Suggestions from this study are expected to do an analysis of pigment content analysis in the dry season time period and continued with antioxidant testing. Indonesia memiliki Sumber Daya Alam hayati laut yang terdiri dari ikan, rumput laut, kepiting dan udang yang sangat potensial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui komposisi pigmen pada Ulva sp (Chlorophyta), Padina australis (Paeophyta) dan Hypnea sp (Rhodophyta) yang diperoleh dari perairan Tablolong. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pembuktian pigmen pada sampel menggunakan Kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT). Hasil analisis pigmen dari Ulva sp diperoleh dua belas spot warna dengan jenis pigmen yang teridentifikasi terdiri dari klorofil a, klorofil b, xantofil, b-karoten dan feofitin. Kandungan pigmen yang teridentifikasi pada sampel Padina australis adalah klorofil b, feoforbid, xantofil, klorofil a, karoten dan feofitin a. Jenis pigmen yang teridentifikasi pada Ulva sp meliputi pigmen klorofil a, klorofil b, karoten dan feofitin dari total spot warna yang terbentuk. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa rumput laut non budidaya yang diperoleh dari perairan Tablolong memiliki kandungan pigmen karotenoid dan klorofil. Saran dari penelitian ini diharapkan dilakukan peneltian analisis kandungan pigmen pada periode waktu musim kemarau serta dilanjutkan dengan uji antioksidan.
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Zuenko, Yu I., N. L. Aseeva, S. Yu Glebova, L. M. Gostrenko, A. Yu Dubinina, E. P. Dulepova, A. O. Zolotov, et al. "RECENT CHANGES IN THE OKHOTSK SEA ECOSYSTEM (2008–2018)." Izvestiya TINRO 197 (July 5, 2019): 35–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2019-197-35-61.
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Recent changes of the main oceanographic, chemical, and biological parameters of the Okhotsk Sea ecosystem are considered briefly for the last decades (2000–2010s), mostly on the data obtained in marine expeditions conducted by Pacific Fish. Res. Center (TINRO) annually. Since the mid-2000s, anomalous oceanographic conditions were formed there with prevailing heightened temperature in all layers of the sea and lowered ice cover caused by changes in the atmosphere circulation with northward shift of cyclones tracks in winter and weakening of winter monsoon. The ice cover was below the normal value every year since 2004. In the warmer winter conditions, producing of the high-density water on the northern shelf decreased from 3.2–7.8 . 103 km3 in 1998–2002 to 1.2 . 103 km3 on average in 2004–2015, and the water with density sq > 26.8 was not formed at all in 2007–2009, 2011, and 2014–2015. As the result, winter convection, including the slope convection, became weaker and shallower and ventilated worse the water column, so dissolved oxygen content decreased in the lower portion of the intermediate layer, usually ventilated by slope convection. For the core of the intermediate layer (isopycnal surface 27.0 σθ), positive trend of temperature is estimated as +0.04…+0.16 o/decade, by areas, while the trend of dissolved oxygen content is negative: –0.07…–0.14 mL/L.decade, by areas. From the other hand, spring phytoplankton bloom became less intensive, presumably because of poorer upward flux of nutrients in conditions of weaker vertical mixing, and zooplankton biomass decreased, particularly for phytophages. However, these changes did not cause significant response in fluctuations of stocks for the main commercial fish and crab species. The largest stock of walleye pollock had cyclic fluctuations driven mostly by intra-population regulations, the stocks of pacific herring were rather stable, and the stocks of deep-water fish species, as flounders and halibuts had a slight tendency to growth, possibly because of better conditions for reproduction. Indeed, the densest aggregations of greenland halibut shifted from the depth of 600–700 m to 500–600 m that may be caused by de-oxygenizing of the lower portion of the intermediate layer. Crabs abundance also had positive dynamics obviously because of the effect of protective measures for red king crab in the 2009–2012, though its biomass continued to grow even after restoring the commercial landings. There is concluded that recent changes in the macroecosystem of the Okhotsk Sea correspond to the conception of the sub-polar ecosystems transformation under climate warming toward decreasing of their productivity and increasing of their functioning efficiency that was proposed earlier for the Japan Sea. Thus, from position of commercial exploitation of marine biological resources, the modern reconstruction of the Okhotsk Sea ecosystem under the climate change impact could be considered as a positive process.
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Nuraini, Siti, Prihatiningsih Prihatiningsih, and Sri Turni Hartati. "PARAMETER POPULASI DAN SELEKTIVITAS RAJUNGAN (Poftunus pelagicus Linnaeus) YANG TERTANGKAP DENGAN BEBERAPA JENIS ALAT TANGKAP DI TELUK JAKARTA." Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 15, no. 4 (February 3, 2017): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.15.4.2009.287-295.
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Rajungan (Portunus peiagicus'' merupakan salah salu sumber daya hayati laut yang banyak dimanfaatkan oleh nelayan tradisionai. Rajungan di Teluk Jakarta selain sebagai sasaran penangkapan pada bubu cian jaring rajungan, juga tertangkap dengan sero, bagan, dan jaring arad Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2006 dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh informasi parameter stok dan selektivitas beberapa alat tangkap rajungan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa rajungan yang terlangkap mempunyai iebar karapas 4.16-11,9 cm dan boboi anlara 5.'1-113 g. Rajungan pertama kali tertangkap (Lcuo,o) pada sero, bagan, bubu, jaring rajungan, dan iaring arad pada ukuran lebar karapas 6,3: 7,3: 8,54; 8,96; dan 8,69 cm. Hampir semua (>95%i ralungan yang tertangkap dengan sero dan bagan merupakan rajungan kecil. Raiungan dewasa yang tertangkap pada jalng arad, bubu, dan Jaring rajungan diperoleh 4l, 66, dan 68%. Perbandingan keiamin jantan terhadap betina tidak sama pada alat tangkap yang digunakan. Hubungan antara lebar karapas dan panjang karapas pada sero, bagan, dan bubu rajungan mengikuti persamaan CW=o,4446 CL+0,1892 1r=3,9;. CW=o.431 4CL+0,347 5 (r=0,84J, dan CW=0,471 8C1+0,1 843 (r=0,83). Swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus ls one ot marine organism resources, intensively exploiled by aftisanal flsheres. fills crabis targeled species of trap and monofilalnent gili net and also as by catch of guiding barrier trap. fixed lift net. and monofilament gill net. The study was conducted in Jakarta Bay in 2006. The ob.tecti\/es of this study are to detemline papL ation parameters and seieclivity of swimmhg crab on several fishing gears used in Jakarta Bay. The swimning crabs werc caLtgl)t between 4.16-11 .9 cm in carapace widlh and between 5.1-113 g in weight. ihe firct captured (Lc sa-) of swimming crab caught by guiding barrier trap, fixed lift net, collapsible trap, beach se//]e. and monofilament gill net were 6.3, 7.3, 8.54. 8.69. and for 8.96 cnt. respectively. Guiding bamer trap and fixed iift net caught small crab for more than 95%. Large crab was caught by beach seine, collapsible trap, and monofilament gill net for crab were 41 , 66, dan 68% of the total catclt. The sex rutio between male and female diferred among the gears used. The relationship between CW and CL ol guiditlg barrier trap, fixed lifnet, bagan, and trap follows the equation CW=0.4446 CL+0.1892 (r=0 9) CW=o. 43 1 4CL+0. 3 47 5 (r=0. 84), and CW=o.47 1 8CL+0. 1 84 3 (r=0. 83 ).
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Wishnuputri, Parameswari Iccha Nirmalabuddhi, Sri Redjeki, and Retno Hartati. "Kajian Tingkat Kerentanan Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) di Perairan Desa Tunggulsari Kabupaten Rembang." Journal of Marine Research 10, no. 1 (February 14, 2021): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v10i1.28247.
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Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) adalah salah satu sumber daya hayati laut Indonesia. Rajungan merupakan komoditas utama perikanan di Indonesa, baik untuk lokal maupun ekspor. Nilai ekonomis rajungan yang tergolong tinggi mengakibatkan penangkapan rajungan dilakukan secara besar-besar dan dapat memicu terjadinya kepunahan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerentanan rajungan di Perairan Desa Tunggulsari dan mengetahui karakteristik morfometri dari rajungan yang ditangkap pada lokasi tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Productivity and Susceptibility Analysis (PSA). Wawancara dilakukan kepada 60 nelayan di Desa Tunggulsari. Pengukuran parameter kualitas perairan meliputi suhu, oksigen terlarut, salinitas, dan pH. Pengukuran morfometri dilakukan pada salah satu pengepul di desa. Hasil dari wawancara diketahui bahwa nelayan di Desa Tunggulsari menggunakan 2 macam alat tangkap yaitu bubu lipat dan jaring insang dasar. Penilaian atribut produktivitas rajungan masuk dalam kategori tinggi, sedangkan penilaian atribut kerentanan tergolong pada resiko rendah untuk penggunaan kedua alat tersebut. Nilai MSC untuk alat tangkap bubu lipat adalah 96,0 dan 98,2 untuk alat tangkap jaring insang dasar. Nilai MSC > 80 menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kerentanan rajungan pada lokasi tersebut masuk pada kategori rendah. Selanjutnya, pola pertumbuhan rajungan di Desa Tunggulsari adalah allometrik negatif baik untuk rajungan jantan maupun betina. Hal ini menunjukkan pertumbuhan panjang dan lebar karapas lebih cepat dibandingkan penambahan berat rajungan. The blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is one of the Indonesian marine biological resources. The blue swimming crab is a main commodity of fisheries in Indonesia, both for local and export. Economic value of blue swimming crab classified as high involve over-exploitation of blue swimming crab and can lead to extinction. This research is aimed to determine level of vulnerability of blue swimming crab in Tunggulsari waters and to discover morphometry characteristic of blue swimming crab that caught at that location. The method used in this research is Productivity and Susceptibility (PSA) method. Interviews were conducted with 6 fishermen in the village of Tunggulsari. Measurement of water quality parameters including temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and pH. Morphometry measurement was carried out in one of the collectors in the village. The results of the interview revealed that fishermen in the village of Tunggulsari used 2 fishing tools namely bubu lipat and bottom set gillnet. Assessment of blue swimming crab productivity attributes is included in the high category, while the assessment of vulnerability attributes is classified as low risk for the use of both tools. The MSC value for bubu lipat is 96,0 and 98,2 for bottom set gillnet. The MSC value is more than 80 indicates that the level of blue swimming crab vulnerability at that location is in the low category. Further, blue swimming crab growth pattern in the village of Tunggulsari are negative allometrics for both male and female blue swimming crabs. This shows the growth in length and width carapace is faster than the addition of blue swimming crab weight.
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Lin, Qianxin, and Irving A. Mendelssohn. "DISPERSANTS AS COUNTERMEASURES IN NEARSHORE OIL SPILLS FOR COASTAL HABITAT PROTECTION." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, no. 1 (May 1, 2005): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-447.
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ABSTRACT Oil spills in nearshore environments may eventually move into sensitive coastal habitats such as coastal marshes and impact marsh organisms. Application of dispersants to spilled oil in nearshore environments before the oil drifts into marshes was simulated, and the toxicity, impact and effectiveness of dispersants were investigated. The tolerance of the marsh plant Sagittaria lancifolia to the recently marketed dispersant JD-2000 was about 20 to 80 times higher than that of the standard test-organisms Menidia beryllina and Mysidopsis bahia, respectively. The LC50 of the dispersant JD-2000 for Sagittaria lancifolia was greater than 8000 ppm. Furthermore, the application of the dispersant JD-2000 significantly relieved the adverse effects of crude, diesel and No. 2 fuel oil on marsh vegetation. Upon contact with plant shoots on the rising tide, the un-dispersed oils detrimentally impacted the marsh plants Spartina alterniflora and Sagittaria lancifolia. Mortality rates significantly increased even at a 150-ppm oil dosage. The 750-ppm No. 2 fuel oil without the dispersant application resulted in more than 90 % mortality for Spartina alterniflora in 3 weeks. In contrast, the oils chemically dispersed with JD-2000, regardless of oil type and oil concentration, did not significantly affect the marsh plants compared to the no-oil control. Therefore, the dispersant application greatly reduced oil impact on marsh vegetation, indicating the potential for using dispersants as alternative countermeasures to protect sensitive coastal habitats during nearshore oil spills. The use of dispersants in oil spill cleanup has attracted great attention since the Exxon Valdez oil spill in 1989. However, dispersants have been a controversial oil spill response technique because of disagreement about their effectiveness and concerns of their toxicity since their introduction during the Torrey Canyon oil spill in 1967 (Cunningham et al. 1991; Venosa et al. 1999). Dispersant use has been recommended for oil slicks in the sea before coastal habitats are reached, though minimal guidelines have been outlined (Page et al. 2000). Therefore, the effects of dispersants, including Corexit 9527 and Corexit 9500 listed in the National Contingency Plan (EPA, 2001), have mainly been focused on marine organisms, such as fishes, shrimps, and the larvae of fishes, crabs, and corals (Singer et al. 1994; Rhoton et al. 1999; Gulec and Holdway 2000; Epstein et al. 2000; Wolfe et al. 2001). Most of these studies on marine organisms were acute toxicity tests. However, decisions to use oil spill response chemicals should not be based solely on aquatic toxicity (George and Clark 2000). A handful of studies have been conducted on the effects of dispersants on plants from salt to freshwater marshes. Some studies indicated that dispersants, such as BP 1100WD (Baker et al. 1984), Corexit 9527 (Lane et al. 1987) and BP Enersperse 1037 (Little and Scales 1987), were ineffective in cleaning the oiled salt marshes, and had greater detrimental impact on salt marsh plants, such as Spartina anglica, Salicornia spp, Spartina alterniflora and Aster spp than oils without applying dispersants. In contrast, other studies (Smith et al. 1984, DeLaune et al. 1984) demonstrated that dispersants applied to Louisiana crude oil contaminated Spartina alterniflora had short term benefits to plant photosynthesis although it did not have long-term effects on plant biomass. Dispersants used today are more effective and less toxic (NCR 1989). For example, the dispersant JD-2000 recently marketed by the GlobeMark Resources Inc. in 2001 is especially effective for south Louisiana crude oil (EPA 2001) for both salt and fresh water environments. It is a high performance, biodegradable oil spill dispersants listed in the NCP (EPA 2001). However, little information is available on the toxicity and effects of dispersants on marsh habitats and the strategy of dispersant-use in the nearshore to protect sensitive coastal habitats. The overall goal of the study was to determine the potential use of dispersants as oil spill countermeasures in nearshore environments in which spilled oil may eventually move into coastal marshes with tide and wind, and impact sensitive wetland habitats. The specific objectives of the study were (1) to evaluate the toxicity of dispersants on coastal marsh plants by determining the doseresponse of plants to dispersants, and (2) to evaluate effects and effectiveness of dispersants on protecting coastal marsh habitats from impact of different oils (crude, diesel, and fuel oil).
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Fitrian, Tyani. "KEPITING EKONOMIS PENTING, Portunus pelagicus DI INDONESIA." OSEANA 43, no. 4 (November 1, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/oseana.2018.vol.43no.4.3.
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THE ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT CRABS IN INDONESIA: Indonesia have many marine resources, one of it is crab. The worldwide have many spesies of crabs and the Indo-malaysia have approximatly 1000 spesies of crabs. During a few last years, the amount of crabs demand have increased. Portunidae is become one of the crabs which have important economic value in Indonesia. However, relying the production on natural capture gives on effect the number of crab populations has decreased.This paper discuss about charasteristios of crab especially Portunus pelagicus (Family : Portunidae) which have benefit economically value and should have managed wisely to become sustainable resources.
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Rogers-Bennett, Laura, Robert Klamt, and Cynthia A. Catton. "Survivors of Climate Driven Abalone Mass Mortality Exhibit Declines in Health and Reproduction Following Kelp Forest Collapse." Frontiers in Marine Science 8 (August 16, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.725134.
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Marine ecosystems are vulnerable to climate driven events such as marine heatwaves yet we have a poor understanding of whether they will collapse or recover. Kelp forests are known to be susceptible, and there has been a rise in sea urchin barrens around the world. When temperatures increase so do physiological demands while food resources decline, tightening metabolic constraints. In this case study, we examine red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) looking at sublethal impacts and their prospects for recovery within kelp forests that have shifted to sea urchin barrens. Abalone are a recreationally fished species that once thrived in northern California’s bull kelp forests but have recently suffered mass mortalities since the 2014–2016 marine heatwave. Quantitative data exist on the health and reproduction of abalone both prior to and after the collapse. The survivors of the mass mortality show a 2-year lag in body and gonad condition indices. After the lag, body and gonad indexes decreased substantially, as did the relationship between shell length and body weight. Production of mature eggs per female declined by 99% (p < 0.001), and the number of eggs per gram of female body weight (2,984/g) declined to near zero (9/g). The number of males with sperm was reduced by 33%, and the sperm abundance score was reduced by 28% (p = 0.414). We observed that these reductions were for mature eggs and sperm while immature eggs and spermatids were still present in large numbers. In the lab, after reintroduction of kelp, weight gains were quickly lost following a second starvation period. This example illustrates how climate-driven declines in foundation species can suppress recovery of the system by impacting body condition and future reproduction of surviving individuals. Given the poor reproductive potential of the remaining abalone in northern California, coupled with ongoing mortality and low kelp abundances, we discuss the need to maintain the fishing moratorium and implement active abalone restoration measures. For fished species, such as abalone, this additional hurdle to recovery imposed by changes in climate is critical to understand and incorporate into resource management and restoration.
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Boesono, Herry, Sansan Sansan, and Agus Suherman. "THE INFLUENCE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERRENTLY CONSTRUCTED FOLDED TRAPS AND TYPES OF BAITS TO CATCH CRABS [Portunus pelagicus, (Linnaeus,1758)] IN REMBANG SEA WATERS." Jurnal Teknologi 78, no. 4-2 (April 12, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jt.v78.8184.
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Blue Swimming Crab [Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus,1758)] is one of the fishery commodities which is prospective to be exported, highly nutritious, commercial, and wholly valuable. In Kabongan lor village, Rembang, Central Java, Indonesia the fishing gear used to catch crabs is folded trap. Kabongan lor village has a small scale of captured marine resources, so it needs to be utilized further. Because of its large potency, a research need to be conducted to improve the haul. Different trap construction and type of baits is one important factor to improve it. This study was aimed to analyze the influence of the dome-folded traps construction and box-folded traps (control), and the influence of fermented mackerel, fresh mackerel, and puffer fish’s head as baits over the crabs in Rembang waters. The method applied is field experiment with six repetitions and two variables in a treatment. The data was analyzed using normality test, homogeneity test, and ANOVA test using SPSS program ver 20.00. The results showed that dome-folded traps gained more crabs compared to box-folded traps (control). Dome-folded traps gained 3 230 g of crabs, while box-folded traps gained 1 620 g. Meanwhile, the use of fresh mackerel as baits gained better crabs than fermented mackerel and puffer fish’s head (control). According to this research known that the captured crabs in which consume; fresh mackerel baits got 1 890 g of crabs, fermented mackerel got 1 500 g and 1 460 g for puffer fish’s head. The results of ANOVA test show the differences of folded traps construction with F sig value as much as 0.022 shows that Ho is accepted; while that with F sig value as much as 0.686 shows that the Ho is denied. Based on these results known that the different folded traps construction does affect to the amount of captured crabs while the differences of baits type do not.
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Cui, Zhaoxia, Yuan Liu, Jianbo Yuan, Xiaojun Zhang, Tomer Ventura, Ka Yan Ma, Shuai Sun, et al. "The Chinese mitten crab genome provides insights into adaptive plasticity and developmental regulation." Nature Communications 12, no. 1 (April 22, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22604-3.
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AbstractThe infraorder Brachyura (true or short-tailed crabs) represents a successful group of marine invertebrates yet with limited genomic resources. Here we report a chromosome-anchored reference genome and transcriptomes of the Chinese mitten crabEriocheir sinensis, a catadromous crab and invasive species with wide environmental tolerance, strong osmoregulatory capacity and high fertility. We show the expansion of specific gene families in the crab, including F-ATPase, which enhances our knowledge on the adaptive plasticity of this successful invasive species. Our analysis of spatio-temporal transcriptomes and the genome ofE. sinensisand other decapods shows that brachyurization development is associated with down-regulation of Hox genes at the megalopa stage when tail shortening occurs. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism regulating sexual development is achieved by integrated analysis of multiple omics. These genomic resources significantly expand the gene repertoire of Brachyura, and provide insights into the biology of this group, and Crustacea in general.
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Pananggung, Maichel Arvan, Ivor L. Labaro, and Emil Reppie. "Pengaruh ekstrak minyak cumi pada umpan bubu terhadap hasil tangkapan kepiting bakau dan rajungan di Perairan Malise Kecamatan Tabukan Tengah." JURNAL ILMU DAN TEKNOLOGI PERIKANAN TANGKAP 2, no. 3 (July 12, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jitpt.2.3.2016.11449.
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ABSTRACT Mangrove crab (Scylla serrata) and swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) are economically important marine commodities produced from the coastal waters of Sangihe Islands Regency. But those marine commodity products are usually only caught accidentally with a bottom gill net. There has been a special trap fishing gear for that resources, but not known well by local fishermen. Addition of squid oil extraction baits could increase the fishing power of mangrove crab and swimming crab traps. This research aims to study the effect of squid oil extract on traps bait to catch mangrove crab and swimming crab; and identify the types of biota captured. This research was done in coastal waters of Malise village, Tabukan Tengah District of Sangihe Islands Regency for 2 weeks September 2015; based on experimental method. Six unit traps were operated ten trips where three units of them used scad mackerel bait that injected with squid oil extract, and tree other units just used scad mackerel bait without extract; and the capture data were analyzed using t test. The catch was 142 individuals (135 mangrove crabs and 7 swimming crab); where 86 crabs was caught by scad mackerel bait with squid oil extract, and 56 crabs caught with bait without squid oil extract. The analysis showed that the use of squid oil extracts on trap baits increased the catch. Keywords: mangrove crab, swimming crab,trap baits, squid oil extract, Sangihe ABSTRAK[1] Kepiting bakau (Scylla serrata) dan rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) merupakan komoditi hasil laut ekonomis penting yang dihasilkan dari perairan pantai Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe. Tetapi komoditi hasil laut tersebut biasanya hanya tertangkap tanpa sengaja (by catch) dengan jaring insang dasar. Sebenarnya telah ada alat tangkap bubu khusus untuk kepiting bakau dan rajungan, tetapi belum dikenal oleh nelayan lokal. Pemberian ekstrak minyak cumi pada umpan, diduga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan tangkap dari bubu kepiting bakau dan rajungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh ekstrak minyak cumi pada umpan bubu terhadap hasil tangkapan kepiting bakau dan rajungan, dan mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis biota yang tertangkap. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan Malise Kecamatan Tabukan Tengah, Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe; selama 2 minggu pada bulan September 2015; yang didasarkan pada metode eksperimental. Enam unit bubu dioperasikan selama sepuluh trip untuk mengumpulkan data; di mana tiga unit menggunakan umpan ikan layang yang disuntikan ekstrak minyak cumi, dan tiga unit lainnya hanya menggunakan umpan ikan laying tanpa ekstrak; dan data dianalisis dengan uji t. Tangkapan total berjumlah 142 ekor (135 ekor kepiting bakau dan 7 ekor rajungan); di mana 86 ekor tertangkap dengan umpan layang yang diberi ekstrak minyak cumi, dan 56 ekor tertangkap dengan umpan tanpa ekstrak. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ekstrak minyak cumi pada umpan bubu, memberikan hasil tangkapan yang sangat berbeda dibandingkan dengan umpan tanpa ekstrak minyak cumi. Kata-kata kunci: kepiting bakau, rajungan, umpan bubu, ekstrak minyak cumi, Sangihe
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Barboza, Carlos A. M., Gustavo Mattos, Abílio Soares-Gomes, Ilana Rosental Zalmon, and Leonardo Lopes Costa. "Low Densities of the Ghost Crab Ocypode quadrata Related to Large Scale Human Modification of Sandy Shores." Frontiers in Marine Science 8 (March 11, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.589542.
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Sandy beaches are the most common ecosystems of coastal regions and provide direct and indirect essential services for millions of people, such as coastal protection, fishing, tourism, and recreational activities. However, the natural habitats of sandy shores are being modified at rates never experienced before, making beaches key monitoring sites of marine ecosystems worldwide. The ghost crab species Ocypode quadrata is the most conspicuous crustacean of sandy beaches along the Western Atlantic coast and has been successfully used as an indicator of anthropogenic disturbance and environmental variability. To investigate the potential role of a “triple whammy” [(1) urbanization; (2) use of resources; (3) decreasing resilience] on the most common bioindicator of sandy shores, we compiled a dataset including 214 records of burrows density from 94 microtidal sandy beach sectors covering a range of over 65° of latitude. The response of burrows density to synergetic effects of human modification of natural systems and environmental changes was investigated using linear models. We used the cumulative Human Modification (HMc) index, a standardized geographic projection of changes of natural systems, as a predictor of urbanization, industrialization and use of resources. The predictor wave energy, tidal range and temperature (sea surface and air) were included as potential effects of climate changes. Literature review showed records mainly concentrated at sub-tropical and temperate regions. HMc values were clearly negatively related to burrows density, thereby supporting an effect of modification of natural habitat at large spatial scale. Sea surface temperature and air temperature were positive related with density and the lack of a general pattern of the relationship between burrows density, interactions between wave energy and tide range, supported unclear patterns reported at regional scales. Finally, we argue that ghost crabs are valuable targets for protection actions on sandy beaches that can benefit coexisting species and provide natural habitat conservation.