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1

Lavery, Paul. "Marine Management: Marine Conservation." Pacific Conservation Biology 5, no. 4 (1999): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc00240a.

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The research papers in this volume highlight some of the major issues in marine conservation and offer some exciting insights into future directions for research and management. It is particularly pleasing that the issue focuses on seagrasses, a component of marine biodiversity that is well recognized and with profound ecological significance, but has suffered widespread decline in its distribution over the past half century. The absence of any accurate inventory of seagrass resources makes it difficult to accurately assess the cumulative impact of human activity on them. However, the need to conserve seagrasses is well recognized and it is exciting to see the significant advances being made in bringing conservation biology techniques to seagrass research. The work of Waycott and Kenworthy (this issue) is clearly showing dramatic differences in the life-history strategies, genetic diversity and population structure of different seagrasses. It suggests that seagrasses are far from the homogenous organism that they seem to have been viewed as up until now. This also supports findings elsewhere which suggest that many of the classic paradigms regarding seagrass biology and ecology are based on inappropriate generalizations from a few species. For example, the work of Paling and others (in this issue) challenges the generally held view that we are unlikely to be able to transplant temperate species of seagrass back into disturbed areas.
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H. Talbot, Frank. "Australia's marine conservation." Pacific Conservation Biology 10, no. 4 (2004): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc040205.

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The world's handling of marine living resources has been clearly less than successful. In particular our abuse of the natural bounty of fisheries has been disgraceful, with most major stocks overfished, and some of the richest, like the cod on the West Atlantic Grand Banks, virtually destroyed. Greed and politics have played their part, but scientists have also been to blame. Setting "maximum sustainable yields" in highly variable systems has proved impossible. Almost irresistable pressures from fishers in good years and a rapid increase in fishing technology and navigation has set the scene for these disasters. Coral reefs, seagrass beds and mangrove forests, some of the world's most productive ecosystems, have been. degraded, cleared and fragmented as a consequence of growing human populations, over-exploitation, and poor hinterland management. As we have watched and researched the deterioration of our marine world we have learned many of the reasons, but our responses have been extremely slow.
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3

Odhiambo, Felix Otieno. "Challenges in Harmonising Conservation Laws on Living Marine Resources within the Framework of the EAC: Case Study of Tanzania and Kenya." Eastern Africa Law Review 49, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 157–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/ealr.v49i1.5.

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Marine ecosystems comprise transboundary resources which occupy up to 71% of the earth’s surface. Up to 90% of the world’s living marine resources exist within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The 1982 UN LOSC confers management and conservation of the EEZ to the coastal State’s jurisdiction. It is, however, argued that since oceans are transboundary, effective conservation of their living resources requires a coordinated approach between neighbouring coastal States. Such approaches would help to avoid a situation where living marine resources of the same ecosystem are possibly conflicting conservation measures. One way through which neighbouring Coastal States can coordinate conservation measures for their living marine resources is through the process of harmonisation of laws. Harmonisation leads to the establishment of common legal structures and institutions to aid with the intended coordination. It is therefore argued that, through harmonisation, Kenya and Tanzania would enhance theirrespective conservation capacities for their living marine resources. Key Words: Harmonisation of Conservation Laws, Transboundary Living Marine Resources, Exclusive Economic Zones, Kenya and Tanzania.
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Seok-Yong Lee. "Marine Living Resources Conservation and International Fishery Law." 과학기술법연구 22, no. 1 (February 2016): 199–238. http://dx.doi.org/10.32430/ilst.2016.22.1.199.

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5

Santos, Ricardo Serrão, Stephen Hawkins, Luis Rocha Monteiro, Mário Alves, and Eduardo José Isidro. "Marine research, resources and conservation in the Azores." Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 5, no. 4 (December 1995): 311–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3270050406.

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6

Sihadi, Sihadi. "PARTISIPASI PEMUDA DALAM KONSERVASI SUMBERDAYA ALAM LAUT DAN PESISIR DI DESA CIBALONG, GARUT SELATAN." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Lingkungan dan Pembangunan 13, no. 1 (May 4, 2017): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/plpb.131.03.

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The purpose of this research to determine the relationship between indigenous knowledge, attitudes toward the environment, and motivation in keeping marine environment with the participation of youth in the natural resources conservation of marine and coastal. The research was conducted at Cibalong Coastal Village, Garut Selatan, 2009. with n = 170 selected randomly.The research findings are as follow: (1) there is positive correlation between of indigenous knowledge with the participation of youth in the natural resources conservation of marine and coastal, (2) there is positive correlation between attitudes toward the environment with the participation of youth in the natural resources conservation of marine and coastal, (3) there is positive correlation between of motivation in keeping marine environment with the participation of youth in the natural resources conservation of marine and coastal, and (4) there is positive correlation between of indigenous knowledge, attitudes toward the environment, and motivation in keeping marine environment with the participation of youth in the natural resources conservation of marine and coastal.
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7

Mutarubukwa, Thaddeus, and Cosmas Sokoni. "Conservation Fishing in Lake Victoria: Can Losers be Guardians of Fisheries Resources?" JOURNAL OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION OF TANZANIA 39, no. 1 (July 6, 2021): 189–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/jgat.v39i1.40.

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This paper analyzes the way in which the Lakeside communities which are victims of the transformed fishing industry in Lake Victoria, can also be guardians of the fisheries resources. The study was conducted in Kishanje and Rubafu villages in Bukoba Rural District. The data was collected from 232 individual respondents and two focus group discussions each comprised 10 participants. The results indicated that community members in the Lakeside communities perceived illegal fishing as non-existing phenomenon among them. What they see is their traditional way of fishing and the ongoing conservation campaigns are instituted to infringe upon their life system and alienate them from their bounty Mother Nature. They recognized the fisheries resources management measures as the means to safeguard the interest of the investors. From this understanding, the study revealed that the community members including the leaders entrusted to reinforce the resources management measures were not in a position to stand against illegal fishing as it was intended by the government. This study, therefore, concludes that, the losers cannot be guardians of fisheries resources, unless their socioeconomic needs are taken as part and parcel in the fisheries resources management plan.
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8

Hofman, Robert J. "Convention for the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources." Marine Policy 17, no. 6 (November 1993): 534–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-597x(93)90016-v.

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9

Ravishankar, CN, and VR Madhu. "Fishing Technologies for Conservation of Marine Fish Genetic Resources." Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 35, no. 3 (2022): 322–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00092.4.

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10

Miller, Denzil, Eugene Sabourenkov, and David Ramm. "Managing Antarctic Marine Living Resources: The CCAMLR Approach." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 19, no. 3 (2004): 317–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1571808042886075.

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AbstractThis paper documents the experiences of the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) in developing, and implementing, its fisheries conservation and management measures. Examples are given to show how the provisions of Article II of the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CAMLR Convention) have been applied in practice. Generally, these provisions strive for an ecosystem-based and precautionary approach to the management of harvested and non-harvested species. Emphasis is given to the development of management measures to deal with: (a) uncertainty associated with new and exploratory fisheries, (b) reduction and elimination (i.e.minimisation) of seabird bycatch in longline fisheries, (c) trade-related measures to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing on CCAMLR species, and (d) general environmental protection. CCAMLR's achievements are evaluated, potential threats to its future effectiveness are identified and some possible counteractions are offered.
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11

Wateren, J. F. van der. "Archival resources in the Victoria and Albert Museum." Art Libraries Journal 14, no. 2 (1989): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200006192.

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The Victoria and Albert Museum, itself an archive of material culture, houses several collections of archival records. The Museum’s Registered Papers are divided between the Museum itself, which holds those papers relating to objects in the Museum, and the Public Record Office, where papers relating to Museum buildings and administration can be found; all papers produced since 1984 are to be housed together in a newly established V & A Archive. The quality of the archive of Registered Papers is uneven due to the lack of a controlling and unifying policy; this, and questions of conservation and administration, are being addressed as part of the current restructuring of the Museum. For the same reason the archives of the different Departments, though important, vary considerably not only in content but also in their organisation. The National Art Library, part of the V & A, includes archival collections of ephemera, comprising examples of printing and graphic design, and of manuscripts, including artists’ papers; it also includes the Archive of Art and Design, founded in 1978 to avoid the splitting up of significant archives between the Museum’s Departments.
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12

Goldsworthy, Lynda. "Finding the ‘Conservation’ in the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources." Yearbook of Polar Law Online 12, no. 1 (December 13, 2021): 132–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116427_012010010.

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The Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) was adopted in the 1980s amid concerns of a growth in unregulated fishing in the region. The Convention’s objective – ‘the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources’ – reflects the negotiators’ intention for CCAMLR’s responsibilities to extend beyond fisheries responsibilities to the conservation of all species and marine ecosystems in the Convention’s area. The intention of CCAMLR’s objective has generated significant debate throughout CCAMLR’s 39 years of operation, and there appears to be no common agreed understanding. A review of management measures adopted by the Commission is one method for considering how the Commission has approached delivering its objective. This paper reviews management measures in force from 1982 to 2019 and concludes that, while CCAMLR has made significant advances regarding the delivery of ecosystem-based and precautionary fisheries management, it has generated significantly fewer management measures that might stand independently of fisheries management or extend to species or habitats not directly impacted by fishing operations.
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13

Zurk, Lisa M., Helen H. Ou, Scott Schecklman, and Ayal Lutwak. "Acoustic Monitoring of Marine Conservation Areas." Marine Technology Society Journal 48, no. 6 (November 1, 2014): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.48.6.7.

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AbstractThis paper introduces underwater sensing technologies for acoustic monitoring of marine conservation areas. Small networks of individual passive acoustic sensors have been deployed to investigate a low-cost solution for monitoring motorized vessels and marine ambient noise in large areas. A data processing package, called “Conservancy-Watch,” is introduced for environmental management and conservation of natural resources. The package includes passive sensing database creation, ambient noise monitoring to identify long-term trends and impacts, classification of organic and boat vessel events, detection of marine mammals and estimation of their call density, and detection of motorized vessels. Test results on data collected at several conservation sites in Hawaii have confirmed the detection capability of individual hydrophone sensors.
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14

Mamboleo, Martin, and Aggrey Adem. "Estimating willingness to pay for the conservation of wetland ecosystems, Lake Victoria as a case study." Knowledge & Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, no. 423 (2022): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2022020.

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Wetlands are critical habitats for human health, well-being, ecological integrity, and national development. Freshwater ecosystems supply a variety of products and services, yet they are frequently underappreciated. Long-term economic viability necessitates an understanding of the role that finite natural resources play in economic activity and production, as well as the connection people have with, and the value they place on, those natural resources. The purpose of this study was to determine peoples' Willingness to Pay (WTP) for the maintenance of the Lake Victoria Ecosystem. The research was conducted in the Kenyan counties of Migori, Siaya, Busia, Kisumu, and Homa Bay. Using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), the gathered data were coded, cleaned, and analyzed. According to the findings, 40.9% of locals were prepared to spend roughly KES 500 for the conservation initiative. From the study, Lake Victoria ecosystem in Kenya had a total WTP of KES 616,279,069 each year. According to the findings, those who benefitted directly from the lake's resources were more inclined to pay for the program. This empirical research is a helpful input for identifying market segments among inhabitants, which may aid in generating more cash for biodiversity conservation in the Lake Victoria Basin.
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15

Timisela, Natelda R., Hellen Nanlohy, and Ignatia Dyahapsari. "MANAGEMENT OF SEA RESOURCES BASED ON LOCAL WISDOMS IN CONSERVATION OF ISLAND KEI IN MALUKU TENGGARA REGENCY." Coastal and Ocean Journal (COJ) 1, no. 2 (November 21, 2017): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/coj.1.2.113-126.

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The aim of research to determine the potential and use of marine resources, describe the values of local wisdom that have relevance to the management of marine resources, and describe forms of marine resource management. The research method used is survey method, by conducting in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The research location is located in Kei Island conservation area, Pulau-Pulau and the surrounding waters, Southeast Maluku Regency. Data were analyzed descriptively qualitative by describing all variables examined clearly and accurately. The results showed that the Kei Islands have incredible potential of the region, has the potential of fisheries and aquaculture is quite high and the fishery management area of strategic importance. The management of the area with the local wisdom approach of the community is carried out for generations, namely the culture of the sea and the culture of eating together. Local wisdom that is run so far strongly supports the determination of watershed conservation area. The forms of marine resource management in the conservation area is still governed by the rules verbally as is customary informal. The threat to the conservation of marine resources need to be aware through an integrated supervision sustainability of marine resources in order to remain protected, conservation and sustainable development. Keywords management, conservation area, local wisdom, community.
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16

Basri, La Ode Ali, I. Wayan Mudana, Wa Ode Sitti Habsah, Akhmad Marhadi, La Tarifu, Faika Burhan, and La Janu. "Pamali, Bajo’s Local Wisdom in the Conservation of Marine Resources." Asian Social Science 13, no. 12 (November 28, 2017): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v13n12p63.

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The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the tradition of pamali (taboo/tobo) as one of local wisdom of Bajo tribe in the conservation of marine resources. This research was conducted in Bungin Permai Village, South Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi. Data collection techniques were conducted through in-depth interviews, involved observations, document studies and focused discussions. Data analysis is done through data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The results show that pamali or abstinence is one of local wisdom of Bajo tribe in the conservation of marine resources born from their life experiences in interacting with the sea, with the same (Bajo tribe) and bagai (people outside Bajo tribe), and their relationship with Mbo (God) the ruler of the sea. Pamali arranges matters relating to the survival of ecosystems and marine biota, such as pamali of catching fish or collecting seafood around the coral reefs, in pasi and pamali of catching marine animals seen as the embodiment of Mbo. Pamali also deals with the safety of individuals and Bajo society generally, because the Bajo tribe believes in pamali as karma law, if it is violated will befall the person who violates it or its family and its offspring anytime and anywhere. The understanding of pamali gave birth to the concept of self-conscious behavior in the management of marine resources called empe diri (empat diri) that is Self-Awareness, Self-Endurance, Self-Conception and Self-Confidence.
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17

Mamboleo, Martin. "Evaluation and use of existing economic valuation methodologies in the management of Lake Victoria’s water resources." RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety 29, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 341–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2021-29-4-341-354.

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Lake Victoria is the second-largest freshwater lake in the world, with an eco-system critical to 25-30 million inhabitants of Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, and Burundi who live in the lake basin. The lake provides several ecosystem services from inland waterway transport, fisheries to hydropower and supports many different industries such as tourism, trade, and wildlife. However, Lake Victorias ecosystem management has been highly extractive; hence its water resources are either inefficiently or overused. This is because the value of this resource is either unknown or underestimated. The main purpose of the research was to contribute to Lake Victorias conservation efforts by providing the best techniques that can be used to assess the value of this resource and develop appropriate policies for the sustainable management of the lake. The study reviewed relevant literature on the economic assessment methods of environmental resources in the context of water management. Search engines such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect were used for it. The study suggests methods for economic valuation of Lake Victoria water ecosystem for each service. The proposed techniques can be used for assessing the value and benefits of conservation and restoration of Lake Victoria ecosystem.
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Cardinale, Massimiliano, Valerio Bartolino, Marcos Llope, Luigi Maiorano, Mattias Sköld, and Jacob Hagberg. "Historical spatial baselines in conservation and management of marine resources." Fish and Fisheries 12, no. 3 (November 24, 2010): 289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2010.00393.x.

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Colgan, D. J. "Marine and estuarine phylogeography of the coasts of south-eastern Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 67, no. 11 (2016): 1597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf15106.

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Understanding a region’s phylogeography is essential for an evolutionary perspective on its biological conservation. This review examines the phylogeographic structures in south-eastern Australia that have been revealed by mitochondrial DNA sequencing and other genetic techniques and examines whether they can be explained by known factors. The review covers species that occur in the intertidal zone or, even infrequently, in the shallow subtidal zone. The coasts most frequently associated with phylogeographic structure are the boundaries between the Peronian and Maugean biogeographical provinces in southern New South Wales and the Maugean and Flindersian provinces in South Australia, the areas in Victoria and north-eastern Tasmania separated by the Bassian Isthmus at glacial maxima, long sandy stretches without rocky intertidal habitat on the Ninety Mile Beach in Victoria and the Younghusband Peninsula–Coorong in South Australia, southern Tasmania and Bass Strait, which acts as a barrier for littoral species.
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20

Obie, Muhammad, and Lahaji. "Coastal and Marine Resource Policies and the Loss of Ethnic Identity of the Bajo Tribe." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 9, no. 3 (May 10, 2020): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2020-0050.

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The Bajo Tribe constructs themselves as part of their environment; their identity is bound to their relationship with coastal and marine resources. They lived and owned the coastal and marine resources in Tomini Bay since the 1800s; however, it shifted when the state set conservation and concession policies since the 1980s. This research analyzed the coastal and marine resource policies and its impact on the ethnic identity of the Bajo tribe. The researchers applied the historical sociology approach and collected data through observation, interviews, and documentation methods. The result showed that the state policies regarding coastal and marine resources, which followed by the resettlement program to the land, caused the customary institution of the Bajo Tribe removed from its cultural roots. Conservation policy resulted in the territorializing of coastal and marine areas. Meanwhile, the concession policy of forest management permit and cultivation right on land had caused damage in coastal and marine resources due to overexploitation. These policies cause the loss of ethnic identity of the Bajo Tribe due to closed access and destruction of coastal and marine resources.
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21

Keen, Elmer A. "Ownership and Productivity of Marine Fishery Resources." Fisheries 16, no. 4 (July 1991): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446(1991)016<0018:oapomf>2.0.co;2.

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Olmastroni, Silvia, Francesco Ferretti, Lucia Burrini, Nicoletta Ademollo, and Niccolò Fattorini. "Breeding Ecology of Adélie Penguins in Mid Victoria Land, Ross Sea Antarctica." Diversity 14, no. 6 (May 27, 2022): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14060429.

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Identifying the factors influencing seabird breeding output is critical for their conservation because breeding performance in turn influences population dynamics. This is particularly important in sensitive environments, where ecological disturbances can lead to changes in population trends of extremely specialized species in a relatively short time. Here, we have reported on the breeding output of the Adélie penguin Pygoscelis adeliae in three colonies of the Mid Victoria Land, Ross Sea (Antarctica), in 2017/2018–2018/2019 to provide scientific information for the Ross Sea Marine Protected Area research and management plan. Breeding chronology, breeding success and chick growth did not differ between study colonies and were in line with data reported for other penguin colonies across Antarctica. Penguin breeding success was higher in central than in peripheral nests and decreased with an increasing number of neighboring nesting skuas; conversely, at-nest weather conditions experienced by chicks did not seem to play a role. Our findings suggest that the quality of the nesting environment seems more important than the general condition of the colony in determining breeding output. Therefore, along with marine habitat characteristics for the planning of management and conservation of seabirds, the importance of the terrestrial environment must be also duly considered.
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Recher, Harry F. "The Atlas of Coasts & Oceans: Ecosystems, Threatened Resources, Marine Conservation." Pacific Conservation Biology 18, no. 3 (2012): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc130216.

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OCEANS cover 70% of Earth, but the impact of humans on the world’s seas and oceans is boundless. Boundless in the sense that human impacts begin on the land at the headwaters of every creek, stream, and river flowing to the sea and extend without interruption along and across every coast and estuary to the most remote and deepest parts of the oceans. Human impacts are carried with waters flowing to the sea, in the air blowing across continents, and in every vessel, regardless of size or number of occupants, that ventures out from the land. No ocean escapes the impact of humanity and nowhere at sea is there any longer wilderness.
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Lopez, Jose V., Bishoy Kamel, Mónica Medina, Timothy Collins, and Iliana B. Baums. "Multiple Facets of Marine Invertebrate Conservation Genomics." Annual Review of Animal Biosciences 7, no. 1 (February 15, 2019): 473–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-animal-020518-115034.

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Conservation genomics aims to preserve the viability of populations and the biodiversity of living organisms. Invertebrate organisms represent 95% of animal biodiversity; however, few genomic resources currently exist for the group. The subset of marine invertebrates includes the most ancient metazoan lineages and possesses codes for unique gene products and possible keys to adaptation. The benefits of supporting invertebrate conservation genomics research (e.g., likely discovery of novel genes, protein regulatory mechanisms, genomic innovations, and transposable elements) outweigh the various hurdles (rare, small, or polymorphic starting materials). Here we review best conservation genomics practices in the laboratory and in silico when applied to marine invertebrates and also showcase unique features in several case studies of acroporid corals, crown-of-thorns starfish, apple snails, and abalone. Marine conservation genomics should also address how diversity can lead to unique marine innovations, the impact of deleterious variation, and how genomic monitoring and profiling could positively affect broader conservation goals (e.g., value of baseline data for in situ/ex situ genomic stocks).
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Ulloa, Raúl, Adolfo Vargas, Cristian Hudson, and Marcelo M. Rivadeneira. "Zoning of the Mejillones Peninsula marine protected coastal area of multiple uses, northern Chile." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 41, no. 3 (March 8, 2017): 506–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol41-issue3-fulltext-14.

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Marine protected areas of multiple uses (MPA-MU), are an important management tool to protect biodiversity and regulate the use of coastal marine resources. However, robust conservation plans require an explicit consideration of not only biological but also social components, balancing the protection of biodiversity with a sustainable exploitation of marine resources. Here we applied the decision-making algorithm MARXAN to provide a zoning analysis at the Mejillones Peninsula MPA-MU in northern Chile, one of largest MPA’s of the Humboldt Current Marine Ecosystem. We set conservation goals for coarse and fine-filter conservation targets that were crossed out against different threats and pressure factors from human activities across the area. We identified a portfolio of sites for conservation, within the Mejillones Peninsula MPA-MU, representing different ecological systems with different levels of human impacts and vulnerability. These results may serve as a foundational guideline for the future administration of the MPA-MU.
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Worowirasmi, Tiara Sartika, and Artiningsih Artiningsih. "Fisherman Livelihood Effects on Marine Conservation Area towards Sustainable Development." Indonesian Journal of Planning and Development 3, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijpd.3.1.44-55.

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Excessive utilization of coastal resources is threatening the livelihood of coastal dependent people. The current challenge is how to maintain and use coastal resources sustainably without reducing their potential benefits in the future. In response to coastal sustainability issues, many countries have implemented a policy to support marine protected areas. Until 2008, approximately 3.2 million hectares of marine protected areas conserved in Indonesia. One of them located in Ujungnegoro-Roban, Batang Regency of Central Java Province, Indonesia. This study aims to analyze fisherman livelihoods in Ujungnegoro-Roban, which may affect the fishermen’s conservation choices. This study employs questionnaire survey as the main data collection source, which was distributed to 60 fishermen randomly. The findings indicated some fisherman livelihood factors which have significant support for conservation activities, i.e. age, experience, income level and fisherman organization membership.
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Merrick, Richard. "Mechanisms for science to shape US living marine resource conservation policy." ICES Journal of Marine Science 75, no. 7 (December 15, 2017): 2319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx228.

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Abstract National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries are responsible for the stewardship of the US living marine resources and their habitat and for providing productive and sustainable fisheries, safe sources of seafood, the recovery and conservation of protected resources, and healthy ecosystems to the nation. Their approach to conservation requires, by legislative mandates, that management be informed by science. It has evolved into a four-step approach to providing this advice: (i) the national framework for conservation science, (ii) region specific implementation, (iii) development of unbiased, scientific advice as required by the framework, and (iv) scientists acting, as appropriate, as advocates and science communicators. This approach has been a conservation success where, e.g. 92% of known managed fish stocks are no longer being overfished and 84% of known stocks are at healthy levels, with the latter including 43 stocks rebuilt from depleted levels. In a changing marine climate, it is all the more important that marine conservation decisions be driven by science.
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Butterworth, Douglas S. "Antarctic marine ecosystem management." Polar Record 23, no. 142 (January 1986): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400006781.

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ABSTRACTThis article describes a framework within which an initial strategy could be developed for managing commercial exploitation of marine living resources of the Southern Ocean, particularly of krill and fish, in accordance with Article II of the Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). Quantitative predictions involving multi–species models are needed to assess any indirect impacts of fish or krill exploitation, and also for management to restore depleted populations. This article recommends research to provide the knowledge necessary for the models (identifying key species, estimating their demographic status, and experimental interference), and suggests interim management action to delimit management areas, agree target levels for stock–size, and monitor stocks. Early efforts to model the fishing operation are particularly recommended.
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Cavanagh, Rachel D., Stefanie Broszeit, Graham M. Pilling, Susie M. Grant, Eugene J. Murphy, and Melanie C. Austen. "Valuing biodiversity and ecosystem services: a useful way to manage and conserve marine resources?" Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1844 (December 14, 2016): 20161635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1635.

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Valuation of biodiversity and ecosystem services (ES) is widely recognized as a useful, though often controversial, approach to conservation and management. However, its use in the marine environment, hence evidence of its efficacy, lags behind that in terrestrial ecosystems. This largely reflects key challenges to marine conservation and management such as the practical difficulties in studying the ocean, complex governance issues and the historically-rooted separation of biodiversity conservation and resource management. Given these challenges together with the accelerating loss of marine biodiversity (and threats to the ES that this biodiversity supports), we ask whether valuation efforts for marine ecosystems are appropriate and effective. We compare three contrasting systems: the tropical Pacific, Southern Ocean and UK coastal seas. In doing so, we reveal a diversity in valuation approaches with different rates of progress and success. We also find a tendency to focus on specific ES (often the harvested species) rather than biodiversity. In light of our findings, we present a new conceptual view of valuation that should ideally be considered in decision-making. Accounting for the critical relationships between biodiversity and ES, together with an understanding of ecosystem structure and functioning, will enable the wider implications of marine conservation and management decisions to be evaluated. We recommend embedding valuation within existing management structures, rather than treating it as an alternative or additional mechanism. However, we caution that its uptake and efficacy will be compromised without the ability to develop and share best practice across regions.
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Harris, Peter T., Miles Macmillan-Lawler, Lars Kullerud, and Jake C. Rice. "Arctic marine conservation is not prepared for the coming melt." ICES Journal of Marine Science 75, no. 1 (August 11, 2017): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx153.

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Abstract As the summer minimum in Arctic sea ice cover reduces in area year by year due to anthropogenic global climate change, so interest grows in the un-tapped oil, gas and fisheries resources that were previously concealed beneath. We show that existing marine protected areas in the Arctic Ocean offer little or no protection to many habitats and deep seafloor features that coincide spatially with areas likely to be of interest to industry. These habitats are globally unique, hosting Arctic species within pristine environments that are currently undergoing rapid adjustment to climate-induced changes in ocean dynamics, species migration and primary production. They are invaluable as reference points for conservation monitoring and assessment. The existing Arctic marine protected area network needs to be expanded in order to protect these habitats and be fully coordinated with other spatial and non-spatial measures intended to protect Arctic habitats and ensure any uses of Arctic marine or subsea resources are sustainable.
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TALAAT, WAN IZATUL ASMA WAN, SYUHADA MD JUHARI, NORIZAN ESA, SALASIAH CHE LAH, and BADARUDDIN MOHAMAD. "Traditional ecological knowledge in conserving marine resources in Terengganu, Malaysia." Nusantara Bioscience 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n100102.

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Talaat WIAW, Md Juhari S, Esa N, Che Lah S, Mohamad M. 2018. Traditional ecological knowledge in conserving marine resources in Terengganu, Malaysia. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 6-11. Conserving marine resources to ensure its sustainable supply requires concerted effort by all the stakeholders including the local fishermen. The zoning of MPAs by the government is a formal method of conserving marine resources where some efforts of conservation on the specified areas are demonstrated. Currently, in the Terengganu waters, which sits in the southernmost part of the South China Sea, the only MPAs are the 13 islands/areas zoned as marine parks amounting to 568.69km2. Nonetheless, protecting or conserving marine resources cannot be limited to areas surrounding these marine parks alone. With 244km coastline and fishing is inherently a major economic activity in the state, more areas in the Terengganu waters should be designated as MPAs or alternatively gazetted as ecologically sensitive areas. In order to conserve marine resources to ensure its sustainable supply, a concerted effort must be carried out by all the stakeholders including the local communities, whose livelihood are directly impacted. As repositories of knowledge with regard to biodiversity, habitats and their seasonal fluctuations, the local communities must also be appreciated as resource users. The local fishermen’s TEK including familiarity with the use of sustainable fishing methods and practices are indeed pertinent for the sustainable supply of marine resources. This paper discusses the existing marine conservation efforts in Terengganu as well as explores the possibility of factoring in the local communities’ local knowledge through collaborative management to enhance these efforts.
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32

Maitland, Peter S. "Ownership and productivity of marine fishery resources." Biological Conservation 48, no. 3 (1989): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(89)90121-3.

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33

Abdillah, Taufik, Christian Novia N. Handayani, and Dirga Daniel. "SPATIAL ANALYSIS IDENTIFICATION OF IDEAL AREAS CONSERVATION LOCATION IN TUAL CITY, MALUKU PROVINCE." Coastal and Ocean Journal (COJ) 1, no. 2 (November 21, 2017): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/coj.1.2.127-134.

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Tual City is the one of eleven districts / cities in Maluku Province. The city includes an archipelago town, has 66 islands divided into 3 island clusters, covering the cluster of Kur islands, Tayando Tam and Dullah. The sea area reaches 19,088 Km2, while the land area is 254.39 km2. The size of the sea in this area indicates the high utilization potential of both fisheries and tourism sector. Based on these, needed resources management the coastal and marine resources effectively, one of them by developing conservation area in coastal area and small islands. Tual City took the initiative to allocate part of its area to be reserved as a marine conservation area. The target of the formation of urban water conservation area Tual is the protection of important marine habitats consisting of coral reefs, seagrass and mangrove, sea turtle nesting beaches and connectivity larvae. This study was conducted to obtain potential locations of marine conservation areas that have high conservation value. Analysis of spatial data using Marxan analysis. This analysis was chosen because it provides the best solution for determining locations that have high conservation value. The results of the study indicate that the area of selected high frequency locations is 125,000 hectares, while 40,000 hectares and 64,000 hectares low. Selected high-frequency locations are in the cluster of Kur islands, Tayando Tam and in the waters north of Mas Island and Bair. Based on this study, the cluster of Kur and Tayando Tam islands become the recommended sites requiring the management of marine conservation areas as they are representative of all conservation targets. Keywords Marine Protected Area, Marxan, and Tual City
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Boli, P., F. Yulianda, A. Damar, D. Sudharma, and R. Kinseng. "Benefits of Sasi for Conservation of Marine Resources in Raja Ampat, Papua." Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika (Journal of Tropical Forest Management) 20, no. 2 (August 30, 2014): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.20.2.131.

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35

Nikitina, Elena N., and Peter H. Pearse. "Conservation of marine resources in the former Soviet Union: An environmental perspective." Ocean Development & International Law 23, no. 4 (October 1992): 369–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908329209545992.

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36

Nabangchang, Orapan, Jin Jianjun, Anabeth Indab, Truong Dang Thuy, Dieldre Harder, and Rodelio F. Subade. "Mobilizing Resources for Marine Turtle Conservation in Asia: A Cross-country Perspective." Asean Economic Bulletin 25, no. 1 (April 2008): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/ae25-1f.

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37

Grigg, R. W. "The International Coral Reef Initiative: conservation and effective management of marine resources." Coral Reefs 13, no. 4 (November 1994): 197–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00303630.

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38

Akmal, Surya G., Brigitta P. D. Zámečníková-Wanma, Romanus E. Prabowo, Aulia M. Khatami, Jindřich Novák, Miloslav Petrtýl, Lukáš Kalous, and Jiří Patoka. "Marine ornamental trade in Indonesia." Aquatic Living Resources 33 (2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/alr/2020026.

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Trade with marine species as ornamentals is an important sector of the international pet trade. The vast majority of these species are collected from the wild and one of the top supplying countries is Indonesia. Detailed evidence on trade with marine resources in Indonesia is lacking or it is hardly accessible. Moreover, the exploitation of ornamental species seems to be mostly uncontrolled. This study presents detailed characteristics of such trade for Indonesia, including the offered species, their sizes, prices, and conservation status, based on data and information obtained from wholesalers in 2018. The main provinces of marine wildlife collecting are also identified. In total, 777 marine vertebrate and invertebrate species were traded, belonging to 174 families including two species classified as endangered: Banggai cardinal fish (Pterapogon kauderni) and zebra shark (Stegostoma fasciatum). Commonly traded was red lionfish (Pterois volitans), known to be a successful invader. The volume of ornamental marine fish exported from Indonesia in period 2015–2019 was 3 353 983 kgs sold for 33 123 218 USD. The province of Bali was identified as the main exporter of ornamental marine fish within Indonesia. These findings should help to establish sustainable exploitation of marine resources in relation to conservation and wildlife management.
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Upe, Ambo, Andi Tenri, Shadrack Kipkoech Sitienei, Ali Hadara, Pendais Hak, and Achmad Syarahil. "Zoning System in Biodiversity Conservation and Marine Ecological Sustainability: An Emic Perspective of the Bajo People in Southeast Sulawesi." Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues (IJSEI) 3, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47540/ijsei.v3i3.650.

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The spirit of fisheries modernization or known as the blue revolution is to transform traditional fishing communities into modern fishermen. This paradigm aims to utilize marine resources in a modern way to increase the income of fishing communities in particular, and the income of the State in general. However, in its implementation, the use of maritime resources tends to lead to massive exploitation, thus causing damage to biodiversity and threatening ecological sustainability. Therefore, it is necessary to manage sustainable marine resources as carried out by the Bajo people. This study aims to describe the zoning system in marine resource conservation, the values of local wisdom contained in the marine conservation system, and its benefits in ecological sustainability. Methodologically, this study uses a qualitative approach, a type of ethnography. Data was collected through a process of in-depth interviews and observations. There are three main issues in the findings of this research. First, there are three zoning systems in the management of marine resources in the Bajo community, namely: sacred zone (Toroh Pamali), coral conservation zone (Tubba Dikatutuang), and free fishing zone (Sapa). Second, the existence of the zoning system is based on the local wisdom values of the Bajo community in Sama Bahari Village, including social, economic, and ecological values. Third, the existence of the zoning system to date is considered quite effective in maintaining the ecological, social, and economic sustainability of the Bajo community in Wakatobi Regency, Southeast province.
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40

Weeks, Rebecca, Robert L. Pressey, Joanne R. Wilson, Maurice Knight, Vera Horigue, Rene A. Abesamis, Renerio Acosta, and Jamaluddin Jompa. "Ten things to get right for marine conservation planning in the Coral Triangle." F1000Research 3 (December 21, 2015): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.3886.3.

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Systematic conservation planning increasingly underpins the conservation and management of marine and coastal ecosystems worldwide. Amongst other benefits, conservation planning provides transparency in decision-making, efficiency in the use of limited resources, the ability to minimise conflict between diverse objectives, and to guide strategic expansion of local actions to maximise their cumulative impact. The Coral Triangle has long been recognised as a global marine conservation priority, and has been the subject of huge investment in conservation during the last five years through the Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries and Food Security. Yet conservation planning has had relatively little influence in this region. To explore why this is the case, we identify and discuss 10 challenges that must be resolved if conservation planning is to effectively inform management actions in the Coral Triangle. These are: making conservation planning accessible; integrating with other planning processes; building local capacity for conservation planning; institutionalising conservation planning within governments; integrating plans across governance levels; planning across governance boundaries; planning for multiple tools and objectives; understanding limitations of data; developing better measures of progress and effectiveness; and making a long term commitment. Most important is a conceptual shift from conservation planning undertaken as a project, to planning undertaken as a process, with dedicated financial and human resources committed to long-term engagement.
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41

Gaddes, Shane. "Managing offshore Australia and its resources." APPEA Journal 62, no. 2 (May 13, 2022): S562—S564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj21206.

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The Australian Government manages over 10 million km2 of ocean, one of the largest marine jurisdictions in the world. Australia’s marine estate is a significant and growing source of wealth for all Australians. The area is used by a range of industries, government and persons for various purposes including shipping and navigation, tourism, conservation, culture and heritage, commercial and recreational fishing, oil and gas exploration and production, and defence activities. Looking ahead, activities such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) and offshore renewable energy will be active in the offshore. This paper explores the regulatory frameworks which govern interaction and co-existence of CCS projects, petroleum exploration and development and offshore wind proposals in Commonwealth waters.
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42

Huntsman, Gene R. "Endangered Marine Finfish: Neglected Resources or Beasts of Fiction?" Fisheries 19, no. 7 (July 1994): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446(1994)019<0008:emfnro>2.0.co;2.

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43

Persoon, Gerard, Hans de Iongh, and Bob Wenno. "Exploitation, management and conservation of marine resources: the context of the Aru Tenggara Marine Reserve (Moluccas, Indonesia)." Ocean & Coastal Management 32, no. 2 (January 1996): 97–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0964-5691(96)00025-7.

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44

Petrov, Andrey, and Svetlana Kasatkina. "THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE USSR AND RUSSIA TO THE INVESTIGATIONS OF BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES OF THE ANTARCTIC (ON THE 200TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE DISCOVERY OF ANTARCTICA BY RUSSIA 1820-2020)." Fisheries 2020, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37663/0131-6184-2020-1-4-13.

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The article discusses the main results of research on Antarctic bioresources carried out by the Soviet Union and its receiver in the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Resources, the Russian Federation. Particular attention is paid to investigations carried out in recent years in the context of the CCAMLR strategic objectives for managing marine resources in the Convention Area.
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45

Lausche, Barbara. "Wider Caribbean Region—A Pivotal Time to Strengthen Regional Instruments For Biodiversity Conservation." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 23, no. 3 (2008): 499–530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/092735208x331890.

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AbstractThe countries of the Wider Caribbean Region (WCR) are linked economically by their transboundary living marine resources. The region is facing a continued decline of these resources. Science is improving our understanding of the human contributions to this decline, but national policies and programmes have not kept pace with this understanding. The Caribbean Regional Seas Programme and its Cartagena Convention and Protocols provide the regional legal framework for protection and sustainable management of the WCR's living marine and coastal resources. This article focuses on the Cartagena Convention's Protocol for biodiversity conservation, the Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas and Wildlife (SPAW), arguing that governments and organizations need to significantly increase participation in this regional treaty regime to effectively address transboundary environmental challenges. A new initiative, the Global Environment Facility-supported Caribbean Large Marine Ecosystem project, will help in this effort. International policy supports strengthened regional seas programmes. It is now imperative for all levels and sectors to assist governments in strengthening this important treaty regime for biodiversity conservation in the Wider Caribbean Region.
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46

Samudra, Krishna, Mulyono S. Baskoro, Sugeng H. Wisudo, and Budhi H. Iskandar. "POTENSI WISATA BAHARI PULAU-PULAU KECIL DI KAWASAN KAPOPOSANG KABUPATEN PANGKEP." Marine Fisheries : Journal of Marine Fisheries Technology and Management 1, no. 2 (February 21, 2012): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jmf.1.2.87-96.

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Kapoposang area is located in Pangkep Regency consist of six small islands and consist of high marine and fisheries resources, especially the white sandy beaches and coral reefs within its ecosystem. This is an important factor for further development of marine tourism based on conser-vation. Identification of marine tourism resources is the first step in development planning process. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and survei method was applied in this research. The result show that this area is a potential area to be developed as marine tourism area based on conservation consideration.
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Makgill, Robert A., James D. Gardner-Hopkins, and Natalie R. Coates. "Trans-Tasman Resources Limited v. Taranaki-Whanganui Conservation Board." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 35, no. 4 (September 23, 2020): 835–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718085-bja10036.

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Abstract On 3 April 2020, the Court of Appeal delivered a judgment quashing a decision to approve a seabed mining proposal within New Zealand’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ). This article discusses the judgment’s background, its references to the law of the sea and other international law, and the Court of Appeal’s four key findings. These findings include that the seabed mining approval: (a) failed to ensure protection of the marine environment from pollution; (b) failed to favour caution and protection where information is uncertain or inadequate; (c) failed to integrate decision-making between the EEZ and territorial sea; and (d) failed to adopt an approach to effects consistent with indigenous rights. The article concludes with some observations on the judgment’s relevance to State practice and seabed mining under international law.
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Adams, Tim. "Coastal marine resource management in the Pacific region." Pacific Conservation Biology 1, no. 2 (1994): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc940083.

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The inaugural issue of Pacific Conservation Biology - A journal devoted to conservation and land management in the Pacific region contained some discussion of conflict between indigenous and Eurocentric attitudes to conservation. Ironically, a major conflict between indigenous and Eurocentric attitudes is illustrated by the secondary title of the journal itself. This conflict is not so much in the concept of conservation which, to the subsistence-level human components of the species-poor ecosystems of the insular Pacific, is a matter of pragmatic commonsense, but in the concept of "land" management. For most small-island peoples, there is no sharp dividing line between the land and the sea and "land" management is but a facet of "marine" management, and vice-versa. On the borderline between Melanesia and Polynesia, they have an appropriate word for this concept, the vanua, which labels the totality of terrestrial/marine space and resources available to a given sub-unit of the human population.
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49

Ward, Delphi, Jessica Melbourne-Thomas, Gretta T. Pecl, Karen Evans, Madeline Green, Phillipa C. McCormack, Camilla Novaglio, et al. "Safeguarding marine life: conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems." Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 32, no. 1 (March 2022): 65–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11160-022-09700-3.

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AbstractMarine ecosystems and their associated biodiversity sustain life on Earth and hold intrinsic value. Critical marine ecosystem services include maintenance of global oxygen and carbon cycles, production of food and energy, and sustenance of human wellbeing. However marine ecosystems are swiftly being degraded due to the unsustainable use of marine environments and a rapidly changing climate. The fundamental challenge for the future is therefore to safeguard marine ecosystem biodiversity, function, and adaptive capacity whilst continuing to provide vital resources for the global population. Here, we use foresighting/hindcasting to consider two plausible futures towards 2030: a business-as-usual trajectory (i.e. continuation of current trends), and a more sustainable but technically achievable future in line with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. We identify key drivers that differentiate these alternative futures and use these to develop an action pathway towards the desirable, more sustainable future. Key to achieving the more sustainable future will be establishing integrative (i.e. across jurisdictions and sectors), adaptive management that supports equitable and sustainable stewardship of marine environments. Conserving marine ecosystems will require recalibrating our social, financial, and industrial relationships with the marine environment. While a sustainable future requires long-term planning and commitment beyond 2030, immediate action is needed to avoid tipping points and avert trajectories of ecosystem decline. By acting now to optimise management and protection of marine ecosystems, building upon existing technologies, and conserving the remaining biodiversity, we can create the best opportunity for a sustainable future in 2030 and beyond.
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Harahab, Nuddin, Harsuko Riniwati, Tiwi Nurjannati Utami, Zainal Abidin, and Lina Asmara Wati. "Sustainability Analysis of Marine Ecotourism Management for Preserving Natural Resources and Coastal Ecosystem Functions." Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 77, no. 2 (July 2, 2021): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.77.2.28670.

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Ecotourism very support for conservation. Ecotourism may assist with preservation of natural resources and ecotourism functions in comparison to other alternatives, such as mass tourism. This study aims to analyze the sustainability status of ecotourism management for preserving natural resources and ecosystem functions. This study is a survey on ecotourism destinations Clungup Mangrove Conservation (CMC). To analyze the level of sustainability, 9 dimensions were analyzed based on theoretical and empirical studies. The dimensions consisted of (1) conservation, (2) participation, (3) recreation and education, (4) economy, (5) control, (6) government, (7) ecotourism center, (8) academics/researchers, and (9) social media. This study employed quantitative analysis using Rapfish application with Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) to assess the status and sustainability index of marine tourism management (CMC). The result revealed that the sustainability status of marine ecotourism management in CMC was categorized as “highly sustainable”. The highest value was the conservation dimension and the lowest value was in the government dimension. Therefore, government support for improving the role of ecotourism regarding preservation of natural resources and ecosystem functions is required. The government can give its support through implementing regulations, facilitating ecotourism management, designing public policy for ecotourism, and planning government policies that benefit the development of ecotourism.
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