Relevant bibliographies by topics / Marine organic matter

Academic literature on the topic 'Marine organic matter'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Marine organic matter"

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Roelofs, G. J. "A GCM study of organic matter in marine aerosol and its potential contribution to cloud drop activation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 7, no. 2 (April 27, 2007): 5675–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-5675-2007.

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Abstract. With the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM we investigate the potential influence of organic aerosol originating from the ocean on aerosol mass and chemical composition and the droplet concentration and size of marine clouds. We present sensitivity simulations in which the uptake of organic matter in the marine aerosol is prescribed for each aerosol mode with varying organic mass and mixing state, and with a geographical distribution and seasonality similar to the oceanic emission of dimethyl sulfide. Measurements of aerosol mass and chemical composition serve to evaluate the representativity of the model initializations. Good agreement with the measurements is obtained when organic matter is added to the Aitken, accumulation and coarse modes simultaneously. Representing marine organics in the model leads to higher cloud drop number concentrations, smaller cloud drop effective radii, and a better agreement with remote sensing measurements. The mixing state of the organics and the other aerosol matter, i.e., internal or external depending on the formation process of aerosol organics, is an important factor for this. We estimate that globally about 75 Tg C yr−1 of organic matter from marine origin enters the aerosol phase. An approximate 35% of this occurs through formation of secondary organic aerosol and 65% through emission of primary particles.
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Roelofs, G. J. "A GCM study of organic matter in marine aerosol and its potential contribution to cloud drop activation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 3 (February 13, 2008): 709–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-709-2008.

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Abstract. With the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM we investigate the potential influence of organic aerosol originating from the ocean on aerosol mass and chemical composition and the droplet concentration and size of marine clouds. We present sensitivity simulations in which the uptake of organic matter in the marine aerosol is prescribed for each aerosol mode with varying organic mass and mixing state, and with a geographical distribution and seasonality similar to the oceanic emission of dimethyl sulfide. Measurements of aerosol mass, aerosol chemical composition and cloud drop effective radius are used to assess the representativity of the model initializations. Good agreement with the measurements is obtained when organic matter is added to the Aitken, accumulation and coarse modes simultaneously. Representing marine organics in the model leads to higher cloud drop number concentrations and thus smaller cloud drop effective radii, and this improves the agreement with measurements. The mixing state of the organics and the other aerosol matter, i.e. internal or external depending on the formation process of aerosol organics, is an important factor for this. We estimate that globally about 75 Tg C yr−1 of organic matter from marine origin enters the aerosol phase, with comparable contributions from primary emissions and secondary organic aerosol formation.
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Middelburg, Jack J., Tom Vlug, F. Jaco, and W. A. van der Nat. "Organic matter mineralization in marine systems." Global and Planetary Change 8, no. 1-2 (July 1993): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-8181(93)90062-s.

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Fuentes, E., H. Coe, D. Green, and G. McFiggans. "On the impacts of phytoplankton-derived organic matter on the properties of the primary marine aerosol – Part 2: Composition, hygroscopicity and cloud condensation activity." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 6 (March 18, 2011): 2585–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-2585-2011.

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Abstract. The effect of nanogel colloidal and dissolved organic matter <0.2 μm, secreted by marine biota, on the hygroscopic growth and droplet activation behaviour of the primary marine aerosol was studied. Seawater proxies were prepared by the combination of artificial seawater devoid of marine organics and natural seawater enriched in organic exudate released by laboratory-grown phytoplankton cultures, as described in a companion paper. The primary aerosol was produced by bubble bursting, using a plunging multijet system as an aerosol generator. The aerosol generated from seawater proxies enriched with marine exudate presented organic volume fractions on the order of 8–37%, as derived by applying a simple mixing rule. The hygroscopic growth and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity of the marine organics-enriched particles where 9–17% and 5–24% lower, respectively, than those of the aerosol produced from artificial seawater devoid of exudate. Experiments in a companion paper indicated that the cloud nuclei formation could be enhanced in diatom bloom areas because of the increase in the primary particle production induced by marine organics. The experiments in the present study, however, indicate that the impacts of such an enhancement would be counteracted by the reduction in the CCN activity of the primary particles enriched in marine organics. The extent of the effect of the biogenic matter on the particle behaviour was dependent on the seawater organic concentration and type of algal exudate. Aerosol produced from seawater proxies containing diatomaceous exudate presented higher hydrophobicity and lower CCN activity than those enriched with nanoplankton exudate. The organic fraction of the particles was found to correlate with the seawater organic concentration, without observing saturation of the particle organic mass fraction even for unrealistically high organic matter concentration in seawater. These findings are indicative that discrepancies on the composition of the primary aerosol between different studies could partly be explained by the difference in the nature and concentration of the organic matter in the source seawater employed. Consistently across the experiments, theoretical analysis based on the Köhler model predicted a reduction in the primary marine aerosol CCN activity upon the incorporation of marine organics into the particle composition. This effect is consequence of the replacement of small inorganic sea salt molecules by large molar mass organic molecules, together with a moderate suppression of the surface tension at the point of activation of 5–0.5%, which leads to a dominance of the reduction in the dissolved solute in the Raoult term.
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Passow, U., J. Dunne, J. W. Murray, L. Balistrieri, and A. L. Alldredge. "Organic carbon to 234Th ratios of marine organic matter." Marine Chemistry 100, no. 3-4 (August 2006): 323–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2005.10.020.

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Tanoue, Eiichiro. "Dynamics and Characterization of Marine Organic Matter." Oceanography in Japan 13, no. 1 (2004): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5928/kaiyou.13.7.

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Wada, Shigeki, Yuko Omori, Saki Yamashita, Yasuhito Hayashi, Takeo Hama, and Yasuhisa Adachi. "Aggregation of marine organic matter by bubbling." Journal of Oceanography 76, no. 4 (January 7, 2020): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10872-019-00538-1.

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Fuentes, E., H. Coe, D. Green, and G. McFiggans. "On the impacts of phytoplankton-derived organic matter on the properties of the primary marine aerosol – Part 2: Composition, hygroscopicity and cloud condensation activity." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 11 (November 4, 2010): 26157–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-26157-2010.

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Abstract. The effect of colloidal and dissolved organic matter <0.2 μm, secreted by marine biota, on the hygroscopic growth and droplet activation behaviour of the primary marine aerosol was studied. Seawater proxies were prepared by the combination of artificial seawater devoid of marine organics and natural seawater enriched in organic exudate released by laboratory-grown phytoplankton cultures, as described in a companion paper. The primary aerosol was produced by bubble bursting, using a plunging multijet system as an aerosol generator. The aerosol generated from seawater proxies enriched with marine exudate presented organic volume fractions on the order of 5–37%, as derived by applying a simple mixing rule. The hygroscopic growth and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity of the marine organics-enriched particles where 9–17% and 5–24% lower, respectively, than those of the aerosol produced from artificial seawater devoid of exudate. Experiments in a companion paper indicated that the cloud nuclei formation could be enhanced in diatom bloom areas because of the increase in the primary particle production induced by marine organics. The experiments in the present study, however, indicate that the impacts of such an enhancement would be counteracted by the reduction in the CCN activity of the primary particles enriched in marine organics. The extent of the effect of the biogenic matter on the particle behaviour was dependent on the seawater organic concentration and type of algal exudate. Aerosol produced from seawater proxies containing diatomaceous exudate presented higher hydrophobicity and lower CCN activity than those enriched with nanoplankton exudate. The organic fraction of the particles increased with increasing seawater organic concentration, with the highest organic enrichment found for the diatomaceous exudate. These findings are indicative that, besides the differences induced by the aerosol generator employed, discrepancies between different studies in the behaviour of the organics-enriched primary seaspray could partly be explained by the difference in the nature and concentration of the organic material in the source seawater employed. Consistently across the experiments, theoretical analysis based on the Köhler model predicted a reduction in the primary seaspray CCN activity upon the incorporation of marine organics into the particle composition. This effect is consequence of the replacement of small inorganic sea salt molecules by large molar mass organic molecules, together with a moderate suppression of the surface tension at the point of activation of 5–0.5%, which leads to a dominance of the reduction in the dissolved solute in the Raoult term.
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Xue, Hai Tao, Guo Dong Mu, Shan Si Tian, and Shuang Fang Lu. "Gas Generation Regularities of Dissipated Soluble Organic Matter in Sichuan Basin." Advanced Materials Research 977 (June 2014): 308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.977.308.

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The organic matter of marine strata has high degree of thermal evolution in Sichuan Basin. The gas generation ability of kerogen is very limited, which mainly relies on the soluble organic matter as gas parent material to provide gas source for gas reservoir. In this paper, chemical kinetics method and experiments are applied to study on the history of gas generation and gas generation rate of organic matter in Sichuan marine strata. Result shows that dissipated soluble organic matter in source rocks, dissipated soluble organic matter out of source rocks and organic matter in paleo-reservoir successively generate gas in proper order. Dissipated soluble organic matter out of source rocks and the oil in paleo-reservoir belong to late gas generation.
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O'Meara, Theresa, Emma Gibbs, and Simon F. Thrush. "Rapid organic matter assay of organic matter degradation across depth gradients within marine sediments." Methods in Ecology and Evolution 9, no. 2 (October 9, 2017): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.12894.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Marine organic matter"

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Nuwer, Jonathan Mark. "Organic matter preservation along a dynamic continental margin : form and fates of sedimentary organic matter /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10999.

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Becker, Jamie William. "Microbial production and consumption of marine dissolved organic matter." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80979.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Marine phytoplankton are the principal producers of oceanic dissolved organic matter (DOM), the organic substrate responsible for secondary production by heterotrophic microbes in the sea. Despite the importance of DOM in marine food webs, details regarding how marine microbes cycle DOM are limited, and few definitive connections have been made between specific producers and consumers. Consumption is thought to depend on the source of the DOM as well as the identity of the consumer; however, it remains unclear how phytoplankton diversity and DOM composition are related, and the metabolic pathways involved in the turnover of DOM by different microbial taxa are largely unknown. The motivation for this thesis is to examine the role of microbial diversity in determining the composition, lability, and physiological consumption of marine DOM. The chemical composition of DOM produced by marine phytoplankton was investigated at the molecular level using mass spectrometry. Results demonstrate that individual phytoplankton strains release a unique suite of organic compounds. Connections between DOM composition and the phylogenetic identity of the producing organism were identified on multiple levels, revealing a direct relationship between phytoplankton diversity and DOM composition. Phytoplankton-derived DOM was also employed in growth assays with oligotrophic bacterioplankton strains to examine effects on heterotrophic growth dynamics. Reproducible responses ranged from suppressed to enhanced growth rates and cell yields, and depended both on the identity of the heterotroph and the source of the DOM. Novel relationships between specific bacterioplankton types and DOM from known biological sources were found, and targets for additional studies on reactive DOM components were identified. The physiology of DOM consumption by a marine Oceanospirillales strain was studied using a combined transcriptomic and untargeted metabolomic approach. The transcriptional response of this bacterium to Prochlorococcus-derived DOM revealed an increase in anabolic processes related to metabolism of carboxylic acids and glucosides, increased gene expression related to proteorhodopsin-based phototrophy, and decreased gene expression related to motility. Putative identification of compounds present in Prochlorococcus-derived DOM supported these responses. Collectively, these findings highlight the potential for linking detailed chemical analyses of labile DOM from a known biological source with bacterioplankton diversity and physiology.
by Jamie William Becker.
Ph.D.
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Sosa, Oscar Abraham. "Microbial cycling of marine high molecular weight dissolved organic matter." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104332.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Microorganisms play a central role mediating biogeochemical cycles in the ocean. Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) - a reservoir of organic solutes and colloids derived from plankton is a major source of carbon, nutrients, and energy to microbial communities. The biological transformation and remineralization of DOM sustains marine productivity by linking the microbial food web to higher trophic levels (the microbial loop) and exerts important controls over the cycles of carbon and bioessential elements, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, in the sea. Yet insight into the underlying metabolism and reactions driving the degradation of DOM is limited partly because its exact molecular composition is difficult to constrain and appropriate microbial model systems known to decompose marine DOM are lacking. This thesis identifies marine microorganisms that can serve as model systems to study the metabolic pathways and biochemical reactions that control an important ecosystem function, DOM turnover. To accomplish this goal, bacterial isolates were obtained by enriching seawater in dilution-to-extinction culturing experiments with a natural source of DOM, specifically, the high molecular weight (HMW) fraction (>1 kDa nominal molecular weight) obtained by ultrafiltration. Because it is relatively easy to concentrate and it is fairly uniform in its chemical composition across the global ocean and other aquatic environments, HMW DOM has the potential to serve as a model growth substrate to study the biological breakdown of DOM. The phylogeny, genomes, and growth characteristics of the organisms identified through this work indicate that HMW DOM contains bioavailable substrates that may support widespread microbial populations in coastal and open-ocean environments. The availability of ecologically relevant isolates in culture can now serve to test hypothesis emerging from cultivation-independent studies pertaining the potential role of microbial groups in the decomposition of organic matter in the sea. Detailed studies of the biochemical changes exerted on DOM by selected bacterial strains will provide new insight into the processes driving the aerobic microbial food chain in the upper ocean.
by Oscar Abraham Sosa.
Ph. D.
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De, la Fuente Gamero Patricia. "Dynamics of marine dissolved organic matter : ocean metabolism and climate transitions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667649.

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The Global Ocean is the largest Earth compartment holding carbon and nutrients that reaches the upper-ocean at temporal scales ranging from months to 10 kyr. The availability of these nutrients is fundamental to sustain primary production and the concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in surface waters controls the glacial-interglacial changes in atmospheric CO2. One process that influences both nutrients and carbon availability is the Microbial Carbon Pump (MCP), which refers to the production of refractory dissolved organic carbon (RDOC) compounds via heterotrophic microbial activity. Variations in the RDOC pool affect long-term carbon storage in the ocean, hence influencing the carbon cycle and climate. The general objective of this thesis is to expand our understanding of the connections between RDOC production by MCP and the ocean metabolism (understood as the upper-ocean net autotrophic community production), paying special attention to the role of the marine microbial processes in the glacial-interglacial transitions of the Earth system. The RDOC production by MCP is inferred through the lineal dependence of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) with apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) and nutrients. This relationship, however, depends on the preformed content in the water masses. In this thesis, a valuable dataset, obtained from a high-resolution spatial sampling along 7.5ºN in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean, is used to distinguish the variability of FDOM distribution associated with in situ production from that related to the water properties at origin. A simple objective nonlinear-global methodology for resolving the non-conservative fraction of biogeochemical variables distribution is presented. The approach focuses on fitting high-order polynomial models over the entire temperature-salinity space. The differences between the modelled values and the observations are identified as biogeochemical anomalies. The goodness of the method is compared, for each water stratum, with the traditional approach, which is based on the local linear mixing of a maximum of three source water masses. The new methodology has good skill at distinguishing between the conservative and non-conservative contributions to biogeochemical variables, lending information about biogeochemical processes, stoichiometric ratios and patterns of connectivity within a certain region. For the first time, a general relationship between humic-like FDOM and AOU in the dark equatorial Atlantic Ocean is formulated, irrespective of the water masses. The results endorse the idea that FDOM is mostly produced in situ in the dark ocean. In the second part of the thesis, the role of RDOC pool in quaternary climate transitions is explored. The glacial-interglacial transitions are considered as functional states of the complex Earth system, with different energetic conditions in terms of solar energy conversion through marine photosynthesis. The oceanic system capacity to capture and transform the incident solar radiation depends on the availability of DIC and nutrients to the productive upper ocean. The supply of DIC and nutrients by the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) and the DOM pool are evaluated through a simple two-box and two-state relaxation-type model for the DIC and nutrients in the upper ocean. The model, inspired on physiological concepts, considers the upper ocean to switch between basal (glacial) and enhanced (interglacial) metabolic states. The model reproduces well the atmospheric CO2 time series for the last 420 kyr, providing a solution for the size and temporal dependence of the MOC and setting global constraints on primary production and remineralization in the upper ocean. The RDOC accumulates during the glacial period and its availability at the end of this cycle sets the metabolic intensity of the subsequent interglacial, in what constitutes a central component of the Earth’s pulsating homeostatic organization.
El Océano Global es el mayor reservorio de carbono y nutrientes que llegan al océano superior en escalas temporales de meses hasta 10.000 años. La disponibilidad de nutrientes es fundamental para la producción primaria y la concentración de carbono inorgánico dis suelto (DIC en inglés) en las aguas superficiales controla los cambios glacial-interglacial del CO2 atmosférico. La bomba de carbono microbiana (MCP en inglés) se refiere a la producción de compuestos refractarios de carbono orgánico disuelto (RDOC en inglés) a través de la actividad microbiana heterotrófica siendo un proceso que influye tanto en los nutrientes como en la disponibilidad de carbono. Las variaciones en el reservorio de RDOC afectan al almacenamiento de carbono a largo plazo en el océano, influyendo en el ciclo del carbono y el clima. El objetivo general de esta tesis es ampliar la comprensión de las conexiones entre la producción de RDOC por la MCP y el metabolismo oceánico (entendido como la producción comunitaria autótrofa neta del océano superior), prestando especial atención al papel de los procesos microbianos en las transiciones glacial - interglacial del sistema terrestre. La producción de RDOC por la MCP se infiere a través de la dependencia lineal de la materia orgánica disuelta fluorescente (FDOM, en inglés) con la utilización aparente de oxígeno (AOU, en inglés) y los nutrientes. Dicha relación depende del contenido preformado en las masas de agua. A partir de datos obtenidos a lo largo de 7.50N en el Océano Atlántico ecuatorial, se evalúa que variabilidad de la distribución de FDOM corresponde con producción in situ y cual a las propiedades del agua en origen. Se presenta una metodología objetiva y simple, no lineal y global para resolver la fracción no conservativa de la distribución de variables biogeoquímicas mediante el ajuste de modelos polinomiales en todo el espacio de temperatura y salinidad. Se evalúa la bondad del método para cada estrato de agua comparándolo con el enfoque tradicional, basado en la mezcla lineal y local de un máximo de tres masas de agua fuente. La nueva metodología distingue entre las contribuciones conservativas y no conservativas de las variables biogeoquímicas, proporciona información de procesos biogeoquímicos, relaciones estequiométricas y patrones de conectividad dentro de una región. Por primera vez, se formula una relación general entre FDOM tipo húmico y AOU en el Océano Atlántico ecuatorial, independiente de las masas de agua. Los resultados respaldan la idea de que el FDOM se produce principalmente in situ en el océano profundo. En la segunda parte de la tesis, se explora el papel del RDOC en las transiciones climáticas del cuaternario. Las transiciones glacial-interglacial se consideran estados funcionales del sistema terrestre, con diferentes condiciones energéticas en términos de conversión de la energía solar a través de la fotosíntesis. La capacidad del sistema oceánico para capturar y transformar la radiación solar incidente depende de la disponibilidad de DIC/nutrientes en el océano superior. El aporte de DIC/nutrientes por el Bucle Latitudinal (MOC, en inglés) y el reservorio de materia orgánica disuelta se evalúan a través de un modelo simple de dos cajas y de relajación de dos estados para el DIC/nutrientes en el océano superior. El modelo, inspirado en conceptos fisiológicos, considera que el océano superior cambia entre dos estados metabólicos diferentes, basal (glacial) y excitado (interglacial). El modelo reproduce la serie temporal de 𝐶���𝐶���𝐶���𝐶���2 atmosférico de los últimos 420 kyr, proporcionando la magnitud y dependencia temporal de la MOC y estableciendo restricciones en la producción primaria y la remineralización en el océano superior. El RDOC acumulado en el período glacial y su disponibilidad al final de este ciclo establece la intensidad metabólica del interglacial subsiguiente, constituyendo por tanto un componente central de la organización homeostática pulsante de la Tierra.
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Morgan, Jessica A. "Bacterial Properties and Dissolved Organic Matter Distributions in the Black Sea." W&M ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617804.

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Collins, James R. (James Robert). "The remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109053.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Joint Program in Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
While aerobic respiration is typically invoked as the dominant mass-balance sink for organic matter in the upper ocean, many other biological and abiotic processes can degrade particulate and dissolved substrates on globally significant scales. The relative strengths of these other remineralization processes - including mechanical mechanisms such as dissolution and disaggregation of sinking particles, and abiotic processes such as photooxidation - remain poorly constrained. In this thesis, I examine the biogeochemical significance of various alternative pathways of organic matter remineralization using a combination of field experiments, modeling approaches, geochemical analyses, and a new, high-throughput lipidomics method for identification of lipid biomarkers. I first assess the relative importance of particle-attached microbial respiration compared to other processes that can degrade sinking marine particles. A hybrid methodological approach - comparison of substrate-specific respiration rates from across the North Atlantic basin with Monte Carlo-style sensitivity analyses of a simple mechanistic model - suggested sinking particle material was transferred to the water column by various biological and mechanical processes nearly 3.5 times as fast as it was directly respired, questioning the conventional assumption that direct respiration dominates remineralization. I next present and demonstrate a new lipidomics method and open-source software package for discovery and identification of molecular biomarkers for organic matter degradation in large, high-mass-accuracy HPLC-ESI-MS datasets. I use the software to unambiguously identify more than 1,100 unique lipids, oxidized lipids, and oxylipins in data from cultures of the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum that were subjected to oxidative stress. Finally, I present the results of photooxidation experiments conducted with liposomes - nonliving aggregations of lipids - in natural waters of the Southern Ocean. A broadband polychromatic apparent quantum yield (AQY) is applied to estimate rates of lipid photooxidation in surface waters of the West Antarctic Peninsula, which receive seasonally elevated doses of ultraviolet radiation as a consequence of anthropogenic ozone depletion in the stratosphere. The mean daily rate of lipid photooxidation (50 ± 11 pmol IP-DAG L⁻¹ d⁻¹, equivalent to 31 ± 7 [mu]g C m⁻³ d⁻¹) represented between 2 and 8 % of the total bacterial production observed in surface waters immediately following the retreat of the sea ice.
by James R. Collins.
Ph. D.
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7

Brownawell, Bruce J. "The role of colloidal organic matter in the marine geochemistry of PCB's." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/51453.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1986.
Microfiche copy available in Archives and Science.
Vita.
Bibliography: leaves 271-297.
by Bruce J. Brownawell.
Ph.D.
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8

Arnarson, Thorarinn Sveinn. "Preservation of organic matter in marine sediments : a density fractionation and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy approach /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11050.

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Benitez-Nelson, Bryan C. "Marine sedimentary organic matter: delineation of marine and terrestrial sources through radiocarbon dating; and the role of organic sulfur in early petroleum generation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/58536.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Joint Program in Oceanography and Oceanographic Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), June 1996.
"May 1996."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-68).
This thesis details two years of research conducted with the guidance and support of three advisors: Dr. J. K. Whelan, Dr. J. S. Seewald and Dr. T. I. Eglinton. Each of the three chapters represents a different, self-contained research project. All of the projects are related to the organic geochemistry of marine sediments, however, this is a fairly encompassing area of study. Chapters 1 and 2 stem from the same experimental study -- the use of hydrous-pyrolysis to investigate mechanisms leading to the production of petroleum-related products during kerogen maturation. Chapter 3, on the other hand, utilizes a recently developed technique of isolating and AMS-14C dating individual compounds from complex sedimentary organic mixtures. The samples used in each investigation came from all over the world. The first two chapters utilize ancient marine sediment samples obtained from an outcrop in California (Chpts. 1 and 2) and from a well in Alabama (Chpt. 2). In contrast, recent marine sediment samples were obtained from the Arabian and Black Seas for the third chapter. Several preparative and analytical methods are common to all three studies. Nevertheless, each employ techniques totally unique from one another and from previous investigations. In Chapter 1, for example, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES) is used to determine the speciation of organic sulfur present in kerogen, bitumen, and bulk sediment samples. While Chapter 3 represents the first study in which the "4C ages of individual, known hydrocarbon biomarkers are determined after isolation by Preparative Capillary Gas Chromatography (PCGC). The insights gained by these investigations are discussed in detail in the following chapters. The common thread between the three chapters is that the source of organic matter, the rate at which it is delivered to marine sediments and the depositional environment, all set the stage for kerogen formation and eventual petroleum generation.
by Bryan C. Benitez-Nelson.
M.S.
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Elifantz, Hila. "Structure and function of microbial communities processing dissolved organic matter in marine environments." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 127 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=1251898401&Fmt=7&clientId=79356&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Books on the topic "Marine organic matter"

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Handa, Nobuhiko, Eiichiro Tanoue, and Takeo Hama, eds. Dynamics and Characterization of Marine Organic Matter. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1319-1.

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Volkman, John K., ed. Marine Organic Matter: Biomarkers, Isotopes and DNA. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b11682.

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Takeo, Hama, Tanoue Eiichiro, and Handa Nobuhiko 1932-, eds. Dynamics and characterization of marine organic matter. Tokyo: Terra Scientific Pub. Co., 2000.

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Gautier, Donald L. Relationship of organic matter and mineral diagenesis. Tulsa, Okla: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, 1985.

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Artemʹev, V. E. Geochemistry of organic matter in river-sea systems. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.

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Brownawell, Bruce J. The role of colloidal organic matter in the marine geochemistry of PCBs. Woods Hole, Mass: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1986.

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Waveren, I. M. van. Planktonic organic matter in surficial sediments of the Banda Sea (Indonesia): A palynological approach. [Utrecht: Faculteit Aardwetenschappen der Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht, 1993.

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K, Kharaka Yousif, Surdam Ronald C, and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists., eds. Relationship of organic matter and mineral diagenesis: Lecture notes for short course no. 17. Tulsa, OK: SEPM, 1985.

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Gautier, Donald L. Relationship of organic matter and mineral diagenesis: Lecture notes for short course no.17 sponsored by the Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists. Tulsa, Okla: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, 1985.

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Lohrenz, Steven E. Primary production of particulate protien amino acids: Algal protein metabolism and its relationship to the composition of particulate organic matter. Woods Hole, Mass: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Marine organic matter"

1

Romankevich, Evgeny, and Alexander Vetrov. "Organic Matter." In Encyclopedia of Marine Geosciences, 1–8. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6644-0_80-1.

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Álvarez-Salgado, Xosé Antón, Mar Nieto-Cid, and Pamela E. Rossel. "Dissolved Organic Matter." In Marine Analytical Chemistry, 39–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14486-8_2.

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Tyson, Richard V. "Distribution of the Palynomorph Group: Phytoplankton Subgroup, Marine Prasinophyte Phycomata." In Sedimentary Organic Matter, 299–308. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0739-6_15.

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Tyson, Richard V. "Distribution of the Palynomorph Group: Phytoplankton Subgroup, Marine Dinoflagellate Cysts (Dinocysts)." In Sedimentary Organic Matter, 285–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0739-6_14.

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Valiela, Ivan. "Production: The Formation of Organic Matter." In Marine Ecological Processes, 35–60. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79070-1_2.

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Middelburg, Jack J. "Organic Matter is more than CH2O." In Marine Carbon Biogeochemistry, 107–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10822-9_6.

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Curtis, Charles. "Mineralogical Consequences of Organic Matter Degradation in Sediments: Inorganic/Organic Diagenesis." In Marine Clastic Sedimentology, 108–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3241-8_6.

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Rullkötter, Jürgen. "Organic Matter: The Driving Force for Early Diagenesis." In Marine Geochemistry, 129–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04242-7_4.

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Hara, Seiko, and Isao Koike. "Dynamics of Organic Marine Aggregates: Nanometer-Colloids to Marine Snow." In Dynamics and Characterization of Marine Organic Matter, 277–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1319-1_14.

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Canfield, Donald E. "Organic Matter Oxidation in Marine Sediments." In Interactions of C, N, P and S Biogeochemical Cycles and Global Change, 333–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76064-8_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Marine organic matter"

1

Raja, M., and A. Rosell-Melé. "Global Drivers of Marine Organic Matter to Deep Sea Sediments." In 29th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902876.

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Li, Z., S. George, and H. Sadatzki. "Organic Matter Input to Marine Sediments off East Antarctica." In 30th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry (IMOG 2021). European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202134208.

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Bruni, E., T. M. Blattmann, N. Haghipour, D. B. Montlucon, and T. I. Eglinton. "Organic Matter Distribution is Controlled by Sedimentological Parameters in Marine Oxygen Minimum Zone." In 30th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry (IMOG 2021). European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202134222.

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Jarassova, Tolganay, and Mehmet Altunsoy. "Organic Geochemical Characteristics of Core Samples from Central Primorsk-Emba Province, Precaspian Basin, Kazakhstan." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207044-ms.

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Abstract The Primorsk-Emba province is one of the main oil and gas region of the Precaspian basin. The resources of the Primorsk-Emba oil and gas region range from 5 to 12 billion tons of oil and from 2 to 6 trillion m³ of natural gas. This study primarily concentrates on investigating the organic geochemistry and petroleum geology characteristics of sedimentary units that generated oil in the central Primorsk-Emba province. 20 core samples taken from the Jurassic units in the western part of the study area are characterized by organic matter amount, hydrocarbon production potential, type of organic matter, maturity of organic matter. According to the Rock-Eval results Jurassic aged rocks generally have a petroleum potential ranging from weak to excellent, the organic matter is between Type II (oil prone), Type II-III (gas-oil prone) and Type III (gas prone), and the degree of maturation is immature-mature stage. Oil extracts were characterized by geochemical methods including Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). n-alkanes and isoprenoids were evaluated by High-Resolution Gas Chromatography (GC-HR), aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated by Low Thermal Mass Gas Chromatography (GC-LTM), terpanes (hopanes), steranes / diasteranes and aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC and GC-MS data obtained, it has been determined whether the paleoenvironment characteristics of the study area, hydrocarbon potential, type of kerogen, maturity level of organic matter and whether it is affected by biodegradation. Distribution of n-alkanes in the GC showed that no biodegradation was observed in analyzed samples, source rock deposited in a marine environment under reducing conditions and an organic matter that occurred were generated by marine carbonates. Based on maturity parameters, studied oils are mature and located on the oil generation window. According to biomarker age parameters C28 / C29 and norcholestane (NCR)/nordiacholestane (NDR) samples are generally Mesozoic (Triassic-Jurassic- Cretaceous) origin, nevertheless there are also levels corresponding to the Paleozoic (Permian) late stages.
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Jarassova, Tolganay, and Mehmet Altunsoy. "Organic Geochemical Characteristics of Core Samples from Central Primorsk-Emba Province, Precaspian Basin, Kazakhstan." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207044-ms.

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Abstract The Primorsk-Emba province is one of the main oil and gas region of the Precaspian basin. The resources of the Primorsk-Emba oil and gas region range from 5 to 12 billion tons of oil and from 2 to 6 trillion m³ of natural gas. This study primarily concentrates on investigating the organic geochemistry and petroleum geology characteristics of sedimentary units that generated oil in the central Primorsk-Emba province. 20 core samples taken from the Jurassic units in the western part of the study area are characterized by organic matter amount, hydrocarbon production potential, type of organic matter, maturity of organic matter. According to the Rock-Eval results Jurassic aged rocks generally have a petroleum potential ranging from weak to excellent, the organic matter is between Type II (oil prone), Type II-III (gas-oil prone) and Type III (gas prone), and the degree of maturation is immature-mature stage. Oil extracts were characterized by geochemical methods including Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). n-alkanes and isoprenoids were evaluated by High-Resolution Gas Chromatography (GC-HR), aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated by Low Thermal Mass Gas Chromatography (GC-LTM), terpanes (hopanes), steranes / diasteranes and aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC and GC-MS data obtained, it has been determined whether the paleoenvironment characteristics of the study area, hydrocarbon potential, type of kerogen, maturity level of organic matter and whether it is affected by biodegradation. Distribution of n-alkanes in the GC showed that no biodegradation was observed in analyzed samples, source rock deposited in a marine environment under reducing conditions and an organic matter that occurred were generated by marine carbonates. Based on maturity parameters, studied oils are mature and located on the oil generation window. According to biomarker age parameters C28 / C29 and norcholestane (NCR)/nordiacholestane (NDR) samples are generally Mesozoic (Triassic-Jurassic- Cretaceous) origin, nevertheless there are also levels corresponding to the Paleozoic (Permian) late stages.
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Lupascu, Angela. "CONSIDERATIONS CONCERNING THE ORGANIC MATTER FROM OAS MOUNTAINS REPRESENTATIVE SOILS (EASTERN CARPHATIANS, ROMANIA)." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on WATER RESOURCES. FOREST, MARINE AND OCEAN ECOSYSTEMS. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b32/s13.007.

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Ghervase, Luminita. "SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT FLAWS IN RURAL AREAS EVIDENCED BY DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER DISTRIBUTION IN GROUNDWATER." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on WATER RESOURCES. FOREST, MARINE AND OCEAN ECOSYSTEMS. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b31/s12.081.

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Freitas, F. S., P. A. Pika, J. Holtvoeth, S. Arndt, and R. D. Pancost. "Global Patterns of Reactivity and Sources of Organic Matter in Marine Sediments: A Coupled Model and Lipid Biomarker Approach." In 29th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902676.

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Yamaguchi, Yasuhiko T., Matthew D. Mccarthy, Chikage Yoshimizu, Ichiro Tayasu, Keisuke Koba, and Kazuhide Hayakawa. "Distribution of “Minor” Amino Acids Enantiomers in Dissolved Organic Matter in Marine vs. Inland Waters." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2962.

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Moldoveanu, Aurelia�Manuela. "THE�DYNAMICS�OF�MARINE�BACTERIONEUSTON��IN�LABORATORY�MICROCOSMS:�2.�THE�INFLUENCE�OF�ORGANIC�MATTER�ADDITION." In SGEM2012 12th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference and EXPO. Stef92 Technology, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2012/s14.v3011.

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Reports on the topic "Marine organic matter"

1

Landry, M. R. Utilization, cycling and vertical transport of particulate organic matter in the coastal marine environment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7007590.

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Paytan, Adina. Organic Matter Composition, Recycling Susceptibility, and the Effectiveness of the Biological Pump – An Evaluation Using NMR Spectra of Marine Plankton. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1120791.

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Landry, M. R. Utilization, cycling and vertical transport of particulate organic matter in the coastal marine environment. Final project report, November 15, 1987--May 14, 1992. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10184183.

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Burdige, David J. Colored Dissolved Organic Matter in Sediments and Seagrass Beds and Its Impact on Benthic Optical Properties of Shallow Water Marine Environments - Data Analysis and Synthesis, and Student Support. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada426835.

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Burdige, David J. Colored Dissolved Organic Matter in Sediments and Seagrass Beds and its Impact on Benthic Optical Properties of Shallow Water Marine Environments - Data Analysis and Synthesis, and Student Support. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada619752.

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Burdige, David J. Colored Dissolved Organic Matter in Sediments and Seagrass Beds and its Impact on Benthic Optical Properties of Shallow Water Marine Environments - Data Analysis and Synthesis, and Student Support. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada626578.

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Jahnke, R. A. Sea floor cycling of organic matter in the continental margin of the mid-Atlantic Bight. Final report, May 1, 1995--April 30, 1998. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/329503.

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