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Academic literature on the topic 'Marine foods'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Marine foods"

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Elvevoll, E. O., N. K. Sørensen, B. Østerud, R. Ofstad, and I. Martinez. "Processing of marine foods." Meat Science 43 (January 1996): 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(96)00071-x.

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Montgomery, Janet, Julia Beaumont, Mandy Jay, Katie Keefe, Andrew R. Gledhill, Gordon T. Cook, Stephen J. Dockrill, and Nigel D. Melton. "Strategic and sporadic marine consumption at the onset of the Neolithic: increasing temporal resolution in the isotope evidence." Antiquity 87, no. 338 (November 22, 2013): 1060–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00049863.

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Stable isotope analysis has provided crucial new insights into dietary change at the Neolithic transition in north-west Europe, indicating an unexpectedly sudden and radical shift from marine to terrestrial resources in coastal and island locations. Investigations of early Neolithic skeletal material from Sumburgh on Shetland, at the far-flung margins of the Neolithic world, suggest that this general pattern may mask significant subtle detail. Analysis of juvenile dentine reveals the consumption of marine foods on an occasional basis. This suggests that marine foods may have been consumed as a crucial supplementary resource in times of famine, when the newly introduced cereal crops failed to cope with the demanding climate of Shetland. This isotopic evidence is consistent with the presence of marine food debris in contemporary middens. The occasional and contingent nature of marine food consumption underlines how, even on Shetland, the shift from marine to terrestrial diet was a key element in the Neolithic transition.

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Yasumoto, Takeshi, Masakazu Fukui, Katsunori Sasaki, and Kiminori Sugiyama. "Determinations of Marine Toxins in Foods." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 78, no. 2 (March 1, 1995): 574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/78.2.574.

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Abstract Prospects of new analytical methods for determining marine toxins in foods are described. The methods discussed include fluorometric liquid chromatography, cytotoxicity assays, channel binding assays, and enzyme-immunoassays. Emphasis was laid on assay methods for ciguatoxins and diarrhetric shellfish toxins.

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Larsen, Rune, Karl-Erik Eilertsen, and Edel O. Elvevoll. "Health benefits of marine foods and ingredients." Biotechnology Advances 29, no. 5 (September 2011): 508–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.05.017.

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Richards, M. P., R. E. M. Hedges, I. Walton, S. Stoddart, and C. Malone. "Neolithic diet at the Brochtorff Circle, Malta." European Journal of Archaeology 4, no. 2 (2001): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/eja.2001.4.2.253.

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From Neolithic Malta, there is evidence of increasing population size accompanied by increasingly elaborate material culture, including the famous megalithic architecture. Stoddart et al. (1993) argued that social tensions and controls increased as food resources diminished. One important requirement of this argument is that the Neolithic inhabitants of Malta depended entirely on domesticated plants and animals for subsistence and therefore, with increased population sizes, the poor agricultural potential of these islands was stretched. However, it is possible that the consumption of wild foods, particularly marine resources, in the Neolithic would make up any shortfall in the agricultural foods. A direct way of measuring the amounts of marine protein in human diets is through chemical analysis of human bone. Stable isotope analyses undertaken on seven Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (AMS) radiocarbon dated humans from the Neolithic at the Brochtorff Circle indicated that there is no evidence for the significant use of marine foods by these Neolithic individuals. These new data indicate that agricultural foods were the dietary staple for this sample of the Maltese Neolithic population and therefore support the argument that increasing population during the Neolithic could have resulted in increasing resource stress.

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Elbandy, Mohamed. "Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Marine Bioactive Compounds and Their Potential as Functional Food Ingredients in the Prevention and Treatment of Neuroinflammatory Disorders." Molecules 28, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010002.

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Functional foods include enhanced, enriched, fortified, or whole foods that impart health benefits beyond their nutritional value, particularly when consumed as part of a varied diet on a regular basis at effective levels. Marine sources can serve as the sources of various healthy foods and numerous functional food ingredients with biological effects can be derived from these sources. Microalgae, macroalgae, crustaceans, fungi, bacteria fish, and fish by-products are the most common marine sources that can provide many potential functional food ingredients including phenolic compounds, proteins and peptides, and polysaccharides. Neuroinflammation is closely linked with the initiation and progression of various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Activation of astrocytes and microglia is a defense mechanism of the brain to counter damaged tissues and detrimental pathogens, wherein their chronic activation triggers neuroinflammation that can further exacerbate or induce neurodegeneration. Currently, available therapeutic agents only provide symptomatic relief from these disorders and no therapies are available to stop or slow down the advancement of neurodegeneration. Thereffore, natural compounds that can exert a protective effect against these disorders have therapeutic potential. Numerous chemical compounds, including bioactive peptides, fatty acids, pigments, alkaloids, and polysaccharides, have already been isolated from marine sources that show anti-inflammatory properties, which can be effective in the treatment and prevention of neuroinflammatory disorders. The anti-inflammatory potential of marine-derived compounds as functional food ingredients in the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders is covered in this review.

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Reid, Rachel EB, Diane Gifford-Gonzalez, and Paul L. Koch. "Coyote (Canis latrans) use of marine resources in coastal California: A new behavior relative to their recent ancestors." Holocene 28, no. 11 (August 9, 2018): 1781–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683618788714.

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Coyotes ( Canis latrans) are known to consume marine foods, but the importance and persistence of marine subsidies to coyotes is unknown. Recent access to a marine subsidy, especially if gained following apex predator loss, may facilitate coyote expansion along coastal routes and amplify the effects of mesopredator release. Our goal was to quantify and contextualize past and present marine resource use by coyotes on the central coast of California via stable isotope analysis. We measured δ13C and δ15N values in coyotes, their competitors, and their food resources at two modern sites, seven archaeological sites spanning in age from ~3000 to 750 BP, and from historical (AD 1893–1992) coyote and grizzly bear hair and bone sourced from coastal counties. We found evidence for marine resource use by modern coastal California coyotes at one site, Año Nuevo, which hosts a mainland northern elephant seal ( Mirounga angustirostris) breeding colony. Seals and sea lions account for ~20% of Año Nuevo coyote diet throughout the year and this marine subsidy likely positively impacts coyote population size. Isotopic data suggest that neither historic nor prehistoric coyotes consumed marine-derived foods, even at sites near ancient mainland seal rookeries. Marine resource use by some contemporary California coyotes is a novel behavior relative to their recent ancestors. We hypothesize that human alteration of the environment through extirpation of the California grizzly bear and the more recent protection of marine mammals likely enabled this behavioral shift.

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Bito, Tomohiro, Yuri Tanioka, and Fumio Watanabe. "Characterization of vitamin B12 compounds from marine foods." Fisheries Science 84, no. 5 (June 25, 2018): 747–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12562-018-1222-5.

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O’Brien, Diane M., Kenneth E. Thummel, Lisa R. Bulkow, Zhican Wang, Brittany Corbin, Joseph Klejka, Scarlett E. Hopkins, Bert B. Boyer, Thomas W. Hennessy, and Rosalyn Singleton. "Declines in traditional marine food intake and vitamin D levels from the 1960s to present in young Alaska Native women." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 10 (July 28, 2016): 1738–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016001853.

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AbstractObjectiveTo measure the trends in traditional marine food intake and serum vitamin D levels in Alaska Native women of childbearing age (20–29 years old) from the 1960s to the present.DesignWe measured a biomarker of traditional food intake, the δ15N value, and vitamin D level, as 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) concentration, in 100 serum samples from 20–29-year-old women archived in the Alaska Area Specimen Bank, selecting twenty-five per decade from the 1960s to the 1990s. We compared these with measurements of red-blood-cell δ15N values and serum 25(OH)D3concentrations from 20–29-year-old women from the same region collected during the 2000s and 2010s in a Center for Alaska Native Health Research study.SettingThe Yukon Kuskokwim Delta region of south-west Alaska.SubjectsAlaska Native women (n319) aged 20–29 years at the time of specimen collection.ResultsIntake of traditional marine foods, as measured by serum δ15N values, decreased significantly each decade from the 1960s through the 1990s, then remained constant from the 1990s through the present (F5,306=77·4,P<0·0001). Serum vitamin D concentrations also decreased from the 1960s to the present (F4,162=26·1,P<0·0001).ConclusionsConsumption of traditional marine foods by young Alaska Native women dropped significantly between the 1960s and the 1990s and was associated with a significant decline in serum vitamin D concentrations. Studies are needed to evaluate the promotion of traditional marine foods and routine vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy for this population.

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Mahmud, Niaz, Joinul Islam, and Reza Tahergorabi. "Marine Biopolymers: Applications in Food Packaging." Processes 9, no. 12 (December 13, 2021): 2245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9122245.

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Marine sources are gaining popularity and attention as novel materials for manufacturing biopolymers such as proteins and polysaccharides. Due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity features, these biopolymers have been claimed to be beneficial in the development of food packaging materials. Several studies have thoroughly researched the extraction, isolation, and latent use of marine biopolymers in the fabrication of environmentally acceptable packaging. Thus, a review was designed to provide an overview of (a) the chemical composition, unique properties, and extraction methods of marine biopolymers; (b) the application of marine biopolymers in film and coating development for improved shelf-life of packaged foods; (c) production flaws and proposed solutions for better isolation of marine biopolymers; (d) methods of preparation of edible films and coatings from marine biopolymers; and (e) safety aspects. According to our review, these biopolymers would make a significant component of a biodegradable food packaging system, reducing the amount of plastic packaging used and resulting in considerable environmental and economic benefits.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Marine foods"

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Rani, Raj. "Modelling plankton dynamics in the east coast of India." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2015. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/6668.

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Khem, Sarim. "Development of model fermented fish sausage from New Zealand marine species." Click here to access this resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/807.

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Three New Zealand marine species, hoki (Macruronus novaezealandiae), kahawai (Arripis trutta) and trevally (Pseudocaranx dentex) were used to develop model fermented fish sausage. The formulation comprised fish mince, carbohydrate, minced garlic and salt in a mass ratio of 1 (fish): 0.15: 0.05: 0.03, respectively. The carbohydrate source was cooked rice or glucose. (Endogenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) failed to ferment rice). Folate was also added to the mixture as a factor. The mixtures were extruded into 50 mL plastic syringes, where the needle end of the barrel had been excised by lathe. The lubricated barrel was overfilled to 60 mL, capped with a layer of ParafilmTM and aluminium foil, sealed tightly by rubber band and incubated at 30°C. Over time the piston was progressively advanced to yield samples for microbiological, physical, and chemical analysis. Over 96 hours an increase in the LAB count was observed with a concomitant decrease in pH. After fermentation was complete, the samples contained around 8.77 log cfu LAB g-1 with the pH range from 4.38 to 5.08. The microbiological and pH behaviour of each species varied between preparations. Hardness, adhesiveness, springiness and cohesiveness of the treatments increased with fermentation, except for hoki. The treatments showed different colour characteristics with fermentation. The light reflectance (L* values) of the trevally and kahawai treatments increased, while the a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values decreased. Hoki exhibited smaller colour changes except for yellowness, which increased markedly. Proteolysis, measured colorimetrically by soluble peptide bonds, was greatest for trevally. Lipid oxidation, measured by the thiobarbituric acid method, was least for hoki, notably the species with the lowest fat content. Biogenic amines, which are a general quality indicator of fermented products, increased during fermentation. The trevally treatment generated the highest concentration of amines, but these values were lower than those reported for fermented fish sausage in Southeast Asia. Notably there were no important difference between folate treatments and those without folate. The results point to commercial opportunities and further research with New Zealand marine species, especially trevally. To improve the product quality and to show geographical exclusivity, further research could be done by using starter culture, and a New Zealand staple carbohydrate source such as kumara and potato, and spices and herbs which are commonly used in New Zealand, such as rosemary, thyme and sage or specific to New Zealand, such as horopito. In addition, sensory studies should also be performed before the products could be tested in the market.

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Rigby, Mark James. "Studies on the rearing of larval and post larval turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) using enriched live foods, with special emphasis on fatty acids." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306577.

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James, Deborah Linnell. "Enhancing food safety and quality." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5189.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 87 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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Mubaiwa, Byron Tawanda. "The quantification of fucoxanthin from selected South African marine brown algae (Phaeophyta) using HPLC-UV/Vis." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017879.

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Marine brown algae (seaweeds) are a rich source of fucoxanthin, a xanthophyll carotenoid that is naturally, an accessory pigment in the process of photosynthesis of sea vegetation such as Sargassum incisifolium. Fucoxanthin has been exploited by nutraceutical companies for its anti-obesity effects that has resulted in an increase of seaweed slimming preparations such as FucoThin™. The field is getting widespread consumer attention as interest in fucoxanthin has also transcended to its widespread biological potential which include cytotoxicity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-plasmodium effects. We therefore wanted to identify a reliable source(s) of fucoxanthin from diverse samples of South African marine brown algae in order to explore our medicinal chemistry interests around the cytotoxicity and anti-malarial potential of fucoxanthin. A known source, Sargassum incisifolium, was used to isolate (maceration in CH₂Cl₂/MeOH at 35 °C followed by a hexane/EtOAc step gradient silica column of the crude extract and reversed phase semi-prep HPLC) and characterize (1D and 2D NMR) fucoxanthin (reference standard) in order to develop an analytical method for its determination in selected diverse brown algae commonly found in South Africa. The HPLC [Column: Phenomenex® Synergi™ (250 x 3.0 mm i.d); Mobile phase: ACN/H2O (95:5)] method developed for this analysis was validated according the guidelines set by the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). Fifteen species were then assessed for fucoxanthin content (μg/g of dried weight) using the developed method. Stability studies on fucoxanthin were also carried out to assess photo- and pH degradation of fucoxanthin. Zonaria subarticulata (KOS130226-18) from Kenton-On-Sea beach and Sargassum incisifolium (PA130427-1) from Port Alfred beach were found to be the highest producers of fucoxanthin with 0.50 mg/g and 0.45 mg/g dried weight respectively. Fucoxanthin was found to be both photo-labile and sensitive to both acidic and basic pH environments. However, the pigment was more photostable in pure as opposed to extract form and also showed to be more stable at pH 10.0. Our findings show that Z. subarticulata and S. incisifolium could be reliable sources of fucoxanthin and can be considered as the algae to use in optimized extraction procedures in further studies. Also, when working with fucoxanthin, it is important to protect it from light. Any consideration of taking fucoxanthin preparation orally (as a nutraceutical) should consider protecting the active from the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Any upscale production of fucoxanthin from seaweed should consider variations such as geographical, seasonal, lifecycle stage, etc. of identified algae as these may be important factors in obtaining effective concentrations of fucoxanthin.

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Patot, Jean-Jacques. "Evaluation de la célérité des ondes longitudinales dans les sédiments marins soumis à différentes pressions effectives et interstitielles." Perpignan, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PERP0093.

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Les relations entre les conditions de propagation acoustique et les caracteristiques geotechniques des sediments marins sont bien determinees par des experiences effectuees en laboratoire. Par contre, en mer, les conditions ambiantes (pression, contrainte, temperature) influencent le comportement des ondes acoustiques. L'objectif des recherches est d'etablir un modele de propagation des ondes sonores en fonction des caracteristiques du milieu considere et des proprietes des sediments marins, pondere par l'influence des facteurs ambiants, principalement les differentes pressions exercees sur les sediments. Les donnees experimentales acquises permettant de proposer un modele ont ete obtenues dans une enceinte de mesure haute pression creee pour quantifier l'effet de la pression interstitielle, representant la pression hydraulique des grands fonds, ainsi que la contrainte effective, symbolisant le poids des sediments sus-jacents

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Kervern, Gilles. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de formation des échos acoustiques de cibles situées au voisinage d'une interface réfléchissante telle que le fond marin." Brest, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BRES2020.

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En acoustique sous-marine moyenne et haute frequence (de 30 khz a plusieurs centaines de khz), l'hypothese d'un corps parfaitement rigide pour les cibles recherchees est couramment admise et le rapport longueur d'onde sur taille de l'objet conduit a utiliser les principes dits de l'acoustique physique pour decrire l'interaction onde-cible. Par ailleurs, il est experimentalement bien connu que les echos d'objets situes au voisinage du fond sont differents en amplitude et forme des echos des memes objets situes en pleine eau. Malgre la presence d'interfaces (telles que le fond ou la surface) nous montrons que les principes de l'acoustique physique sont encore utilisables dans ce cas. Dans un premier temps nous developpons une methode generale pour evaluer les index et structures des echos d'objets simples situes pres du fond et observes aux incidences rasantes et nous exposons les resultats d'une simulation informatique mettant en uvre cette methode. Dans un deuxieme temps, nous presentons la validation experimentale de la modelisation proposee au moyen de deux types d'experimentations: - une premiere serie d'experimentations a echelle reduite effectuee a 200 khz. - deux series d'experimentations en vraie grandeur effectuees a 50-60 khz. L'ensemble des resultats obtenus durant ces experimentations se revelent en bon accord avec les predictions de la modelisation envisagee

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Demoulin, Xavier. "Contribution à la connaissance des fonds marins à l'aide de méthodes acoustiques." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0051/document.

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Cette thèse est une contribution à la caractérisation des fonds sous-marins par des techniques acoustiques. On s'intéresse aux fonds sédimentaires, principalement sédiments sableux. Les fonds de sables sont en effet fréquemment rencontrés par petits fonds sous nos latitudes. Les procédés existants de caractérisation acoustique des fonds visent le plus souvent à qualifier la géométrie du sol ou du sous-sol: morphologie du fond, typologie des faciès sédimentaires, identification du toit rocheux ... Toutefois, les détails du sous-sol marin (stratification et composition des sables) nous échappent le plus souvent et on a alors recours à des sondages in-situ ponctuels, coûteux et souvent difficiles à réaliser. Afin de résoudre ce problème, nous avons développé SCAMPI (Système de Caractérisation Acoustique Marine Propagation Interface). C'est un dispositif de caractérisation géoacoustique breveté qui vise justement à réduire notre myopie chronique dans les premiers mètres des sous-sols sableux immergés en calculant des profils verticaux des vitesses du son. Le système développé est typique d'un processus d'inversion basé sur des mesures distantes et indirectes (on ne touche pas le sol). Disposer de profils de vitesses pour caractériser le sous-sol est une étape nécessaire, mais insuffisante pour les applications visées. Pour ces dernières, il s’agit notamment de déterminer si le sable est fin ou grossier, s'il est homogène ou hétérogène, s'il contient des coquilles, s'il est compacté ou pas.Pour répondre à de telles questions, il est nécessaire d'utiliser des relations entre les vitesses du son et les propriétés des matériaux granulaires. Ces relations géoacoustiques sont quasi-inexistantes pour les sables marins, surtout pour les sables grossiers. Pour constituer de nouvelles relations géoacoustiques, il est proposé d’établir des bases de données à partir de mesures in-situ des vitesses acoustiques et des analyses des échantillons de sédiments prélevés au même endroit. Pour cela, un prototype de célérimètre a été développé, INSEA (INvestigation of SEdiment by means of Acoustic), qui permet de mesurer les vitesses et l'atténuation du son dans des sédiments, y compris dans des sables grossiers
This thesis is a contribution to the seabed exploration by means of acoustical methods. We focus on sediment seabeds, especially on sand sediments because there are often encountered off European coasts. Existing acoustic methods for seabed characterization generally aim to qualify the sub-seafloor: sediment thickness or bedrock cap detection.Nevertheless, accurate sediment stratification or details of the involved sediment are generally out of reach. This is why SCAMPI (Sub-seafloor Characterization by Acoustic Measurements & Parameters Inversion) have been have designed. This patented device is a geoacoustical inversion method based on an underwater acoustic instrumentation towed in water column. It aims to identify and characterize sediment layers over a thickness of 5-10 meters below the seabed, quantifying major physical parameters as compressional speed. But vertical sound speed profiles of the sub-seabed is a necessary step but is insufficient to predict refined information about the sediment: is it coarse, homogeneous, does it contain inclusions ..?To give answers to these questions, geoacoustical relations linking acoustic parameters to sedimentological parameters are required. But these relations are sparse, particular for coarse sands.A velocimeter prototype INSEA (INvestigation of SEdiment by means of Acoustic) have been designed, to measure in situ acoustical parameters of the first centimeters of the seafloor, even in coarse sands. This work is the preliminary work leading to a new project which consist in building specific data bases to elaborate these geoacoustical relations and theoretical modeling in granular wet media suited to marine geophysics applications

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Chatillon, Jacques. "Application de la synthèse d'ouverture en son." Lyon, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAL0072.

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L'imagerie acoustique des fonds marins par sonar latéral présente certaines difficultés que pourrait résoudre la technique de l'ouverture synthétique. Les systèmes sonar permettant d'obtenir une résolution fine dans le sens du déplacement du porteur d'antenne (azimut) sont généralement composés d'antennes très longues ou utilisent des hautes fréquences peu propices à se propager à grande distance. De plus, la résolution se dégrade généralement avec la distance antenne-fond. La synthèse d'ouverture permet d'intégrer le mouvement du porteur pour calculer une antenne plus longue que l'antenne physique utilisée. Cette méthode permet ainsi d'obtenir une résolution azimutale fine et, grâce à la focalisation dynamique, de la maintenir constante. Le but de ce travail est d'analyser les problèmes liés à l'implantation d'une telle méthode en milieu marin. Une approche nouvelle est développée, montrant les avantages de l'émission de signaux large bande: simplification du calcul, amélioration des résolutions temporelle et azimutale, possibilité de lutter contre l'effet Doppler différentiel ou d'augmenter la vitesse de couverture. Différents schémas de calcul sont proposés et leurs performances comparées. On étudie, à l'aide de simulations, les conséquences des perturbations de la trajectoire du porteur d'antenne en utilisant un critère quantifiant une focalisation correcte. Des essais en cuve sont effectués dans des conditions bien contrôlées pour valider les concepts en obtenant des images acoustiques de cibles canoniques ou plus complexes. Des essais en mer ont permis de montrer l'intérêt des traitements développés et de vérifier le bon fonctionnement de l'ouverture synthétique dans des conditions expérimentales plus sévères. Grâce à ces essais, on est en mesure de montrer le gain d'une méthode d’auto-focalisation permettant de pallier le problème de la trajectoire erratique de la plate-forme remorquée
Sea bed acoustical imaging is classically achieved by means of side looking sonars which are operated with very long arrays or high frequencies. These heavy or short range systems give generally images with azimuthal resolution decreasing with range. Synthetic aperture techniques could solve these difficulties in taking profit of both the array translation and the dynamic focussing. The aim of this work is to analyse the possibility of such techniques, in the ocean medium. A new approach is developed, showing the interest of wideband signals transmission: both range and azimuthal resolutions and coverage rate increase, processing simplicity, differential Doppler effect decrease. Several processing schemes are proposed and their performance are compared in the case of a perfect trajectory. Thanks to a simulation software, the consequences of trajectory perturbations are studied. This approach is completed by two experimental validations. Tank experiments are conducted in well controlled conditions in order to validate the concepts with simple or more complex targets. Sea trials have been achieved with an experimental prototype and the first images show the validation of the developed processing. The interest of synthetic aperture is clearly shown in a more severe experimental environment. Thanks to these trials, we can point out interesting results of an auto focussing method which allows to solve some problems linked to the erratic trajectory of the towed body

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Maroni, Claire-Sophie. "Détermination automatique de la stratification des fonds sous-marins à l'aide d'un sondeur de sédiments." Brest, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BRES2044.

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L'onde emise par les sondeurs 3,5 khz penetre les couches de sediment. La succession des tirs acoustiques permet ainsi de reconstituer une coupe verticale du sous-sol marin. Les traitements classiques proposent un suivi de l'interface eau-fond mais ne fournissent pas d'information sur les strates sedimentaires successives. Nous decrivons une methode originale de detection des reflecteurs, fondee sur l'analyse en paquets d'ondelettes et qui utilise la correlation entre les tirs voisins. Une approche image est cependant plus appropriee pour tracer les reflecteurs et nous presentons un algorithme de suivi de contour multiresolution, mene, soit a partir de la transformee en ondelettes, soit a partir d'une pyramide de chehikian. Considerer l'image a differentes echelles permet d'obtenir des reflecteurs continus, avec une localisation precise et peu de structures erronees. Par ailleurs, un algorithme de recherche automatique des seuils a partir de la distribution des donnees est mis au point. Nous etudions ensuite la possibilite d'estimer le coefficient d'attenuation des ondes de compression : les methodes de filtrage adapte, rapport des spectres et decalage de la frequence centrale doivent etre adaptees aux signaux recueillis pour compenser la longueur du signal source et l'absence de modulation d'amplitude. Une etude theorique et des simulations menees a partir d'un modele de fond stratifie permettent de proposer des solutions et demontrent l'interet des distributions temps-frequence pour analyser ces signaux. Les resultats sur des profils reels sont egalement presentes. Nous envisageons egalement l'identification de la nature de la premiere couche de sediment a partir du signal compose de l'echo de fond et du premier reflecteur. Cette demarche s'appuie sur les etapes d'extraction de parametres et de selection des caracteristiques a l'aide d'une analyse factorielle discriminante. Une classification est effectuee par un reseau a fonction a base radiale.

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Books on the topic "Marine foods"

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Hernández-Ledesma, Blanca, and Miguel Herrero, eds. Bioactive Compounds from Marine Foods. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118412893.

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1951-, Shahidi Fereidoon, and Barrow Colin J, eds. Marine nutraceuticals and functional foods. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2008.

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International Foundation for the Promotion of Nutrition Research and Nutrition Education., ed. Marine foods =: Lebensmittel aus dem Meer. Basel: Karger, 1990.

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Marine medicinal foods: Implications and applications, animals and microbes. Waltham, Mass: Academic Press, 2012.

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Miguel, Herrero, ed. Bioactive compounds from marine foods: Plant and animal sources. Chichester, West Sussex: IFT Press, Wiley Blackwell, 2014.

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Vail, Linda. Dining on deck: Fine foods for sailing & boating. Charlotte, Vt: Williamson Pub., 1986.

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R, Kulkarni G., Srivastava Uma K, M. Visvesvaraya Industrial Research and Development Centre., and Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad., eds. A Systems framework of the marine foods industry in India. New Delhi: Concept Pub. Co., 1985.

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Hai yang bao jian shi pin. Beijing Shi: Hua xue gong ye chu ban she, 2009.

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Venugopal, V. Marine products for healthcare: Functional and bioactive nutraceutical compounds from the ocean. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2009.

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Krovacek, Karel. Aeromonas spp. as foodborne pathogens: Studies on the occurance, and virulence profiles of Aeromonas spp. isolated from foods, drinking water, marine environment and human clinical sources. Uppsala: Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Marine foods"

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Shehzad, Aamir, Asna Zahid, Anam Latif, Rai Muhammad Amir, and Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria. "Marine Foods." In Technological Processes for Marine Foods, From Water to Fork, 289–306. Toronto ; New Jersey : Apple Academic Press, 2019. | Series: Innovations in agricultural and: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429425271-14.

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Freitas, Ana C., Leonel Pereira, Dina Rodrigues, Ana P. Carvalho, Teresa Panteleitchouk, Ana M. Gomes, and Armando C. Duarte. "Marine Functional Foods." In Hb25_Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology, 969–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-53971-8_42.

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Azuma, Kazuo, Shinsuke Ifuku, Tomohiro Osaki, Hiroyuki Saimoto, and Yoshiharu Okamoto. "Chitin derivatives as functional foods." In Marine Glycobiology, 459–68. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315371399-35.

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Miyashita, Kazuo. "Marine antioxidants." In Antioxidants and Functional Components in Aquatic Foods, 219–35. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118855102.ch8.

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Darmawan, Muhamad, Nurrahmi Dewi Fajarningsih, Sihono, and Hari Eko Irianto. "Utilization of Fisheries' By-Products for Functional Foods." In Marine Biochemistry, 129–45. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003303909-8.

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Abu-Ghannam, Nissreen, and Sabrina Cox. "Seaweed-based Functional Foods." In Bioactive Compounds from Marine Foods, 313–27. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118412893.ch14.

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Børresen, T. "New marine-derived ingredients." In Technology of Reduced-Additive Foods, 60–79. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2115-0_3.

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Singh, Karuna, and Monika Thakur. "Marine Genomics." In Technological Processes for Marine Foods, From Water to Fork, 357–66. Toronto ; New Jersey : Apple Academic Press, 2019. | Series: Innovations in agricultural and: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429425271-18.

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Paniagua-Michel, J., Jorge Olmos Soto, and Eduardo Morales Guerrero. "Microalgal Carotenoids: Bioactive Roles, Health Foods, and Pharmaceuticals." In Marine Algae Extracts, 639–58. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527679577.ch36.

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Hayes, Maria. "Marine-Derived Functional Foods: Claims and Current Legislation." In Marine Bioactive Compounds, 207–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1247-2_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Marine foods"

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Hartinah, S., and E. Rahayu. "Benefits of Functional Foods from Marine Biota: A Systematic Review." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Economics, Business, and Government Challenges, EBGC 2019, 3 October, UPN " Veteran" East Java, Surabaya, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.3-10-2019.2291909.

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Kuhlmann, Jan. "Determination of 3-MCPD and glycidol in food emulsifiers: Analytical solution and multi-laboratory validation." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/szmd2851.

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3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and glycidol are potentially harmful substances which might occur as fatty acid esters (3-MCPDE and GE) in various foods. Major source for these food-borne contaminants is elevated heating in course of refining and processing of edible oils and fats. In this context, it seems to be important to recognize certain edible oil-based food emulsifiers, especially mono- and diacylglycerides (MAG and DAG), to be a relevant source for GE and 3-MCPDE. Due to the potential risk for consumers, the European Commission issued a regulation on GE and total 3-MCPD (which stands for the sum of free 3-MCPD and 3-MCPDE) in certain foods. By regulation EU 2020/1322 maximum levels of total 3-MCPD and glycidol are set for marine and vegetable edible oils as well as infant formula. Recently, expansion of this regulation to a number of other processed foods as well as food emulsifiers is discussed by official bodies and stakeholders. In perspective of consumer’s increasing demands for food quality, several food producers and retailers have set internal maximum levels for 3-MCPD and glycidol in their products. Correspondingly, for the food industry as well as for authorities there is a demand for analytical methods which are applicable to food emulsifiers. Unluckily, food additives were in general not in the scope of any of the officially validated methods for determination of total 3-MCPD and GE. Moreover, it has been reported that the most abundant official methods might give unreliable results for GE, especially with MAG and DAG. This presentation targets the introduction of an AOCS Official Method Cd29b-13 (equal to ISO Standard 18363-2) adaption for analysis of certain food emulsifiers and its successful validation by a multi-laboratory trial.

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Ali, Seik Mansoor, Vishnu Verma, S. G. Markandeya, A. K. Ghosh, and H. S. Kushwaha. "Thermal Analysis of a Marine Products Irradiator and Its Transportation Cask." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49237.

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Irradiation of sea-foods is carried out in a marine products irradiator. During the radiation processing, it is required to maintain the product temperature within very narrow temperature limits. A transient thermal analysis of the irradiator (when in use) was carried out to determine the chilled air temperature and velocity required to maintain the product temperature within the specified range. In order to transport the irradiator cask with its contents, it is enclosed in an outer enclosure. The transportation cask is required to satisfy regulations pertaining to temperature distribution in various constituents. A transient thermal analysis of the transportation cask was carried out to determine the temperature distribution under normal and accident conditions (800°C external fire).

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Verstraete, Frans. "EU policy on certain processing contaminants in vegetable oils and foods containing vegetable oils: recent developments and outlook." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/lkbg1243.

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In May of 2016, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) adopted a scientific opinion on the risks for human health related to the presence of 2- and 3-monochloropropanediol and their fatty acid esters (MCPDE) and glycidyl fatty acid esters (GE) in food. Given the divergence between the opinion of EFSA and the later adopted opinion of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), EFSA decided in 2017 to re-open their opinion to address the divergences. EFSA concluded that glycidol is genotoxic and carcinogenic compound and the presence of GE in food is of health concern. In their updated scientific opinion on 3-MCPDE in 2017, EFSA established a tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 2 µg/kg body weight per day for 3-MCPDE. Exposure estimates indicated in certain situations exceedances of this TDI and therefore of possible health concern. Therefore, maximum levels for GE and 3-MCPDE have been established in the EU by Commission Regulation (EU) 2020/1322 in vegetable oils, fish oil, oils from other marine organisms and in infant formula to ensure a high level of human health protection. These maximum levels entered into application on 1 January 2021. More recently high levels of MCPDE and GE have been found in foods such as biscuits, pastries, margarine, ... Therefore, discussions are ongoing to establish in addition to the existing maximum levels also maximum levels for 3-MCPDE and GE in certain compound foods containing or produced from vegetable oils. In the presentation up to date information shall be provided on the recent and ongoing discussions on additional regulatory measures for GE and 3-MCPDE and the challenges to be addressed.

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Jacobsen, Charlotte, Ann-Dorit Moltke Sorensen, and Betul Yesiltas. "Delivery systems for omega-3 oils." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/sedt7727.

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Research during the last four decades has demonstrated that oils rich in the highly polyunsaturated marine omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA, have several health benefits. The positive health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids have led to increased use of omega-3 oils for functional foods. However, due to their polyunsaturated nature, omega-3 oils are highly susceptible to lipid oxidation, which decreases their nutritional value, gives rise to off-flavors and leads to the formation of toxic aldehydes during food enrichment and digestion. Development of delivery systems, which allows food fortification with omega-3 PUFAs is a possible strategy to reduce lipid oxidation. This presentation will discuss different types of delivery systems including low and high fat emulsions and micro-encapsulated fish oil using different encapsulation techniques such as spray drying and electrospraying. It will be discussed how different emulsifiers and encapsulating materials will affect the oxidative stability of the delivery emulsion.

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Hu, Ke, Shixiao Fu, Yuwang Xu, Leixin Ma, and Yifan Chen. "Hydrodynamic Response of Multiple Fish Cages Under Wave Loads." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23716.

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Nowadays, marine aquaculture is playing an important role in meeting people’s ever increasing need for sea foods high in protein. The multiple fish cages are commonly used in large fish farms currently. Mooring systems in these fish cages should be strong enough to withstand extreme environmental loads. Thus, a reliable mooring system is required in designing safe structures. In this paper, a finite element model is built. The floating collar is simulated by the beam element, the twine of the net and the mooring lines are simulated by the truss elements. The geometric nonlinearity of the net model and the material nonlinearity of the mooring line are considered. In this analysis, the hydrodynamic forces estimated by Morison equations are applied to the model. The hydrodynamic response of multiple fish cages under the wave loads by considering the pretension of mooring line is carefully studied. The maximum tension in mooring lines under different wave propagation direction is also analyzed in this study.

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Irianto, Hari, and Dwiyitno. "Microplastics: Emerging Pollutants for Indonesian Marine and Fishery Environment." In ASEAN Food Conference. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009982802320240.

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Wang, Ya Jun. "Marine Strata Stochastic Spectral Response." In International Conference on Chemical,Material and Food Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cmfe-15.2015.132.

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Thibon, Fanny, Lucas Weppe, Paco Bustamante, François Oberhänsli, Marc Metian, Carine Churlaud, Maryline Montanes, et al. "Lithium isotopes in marine food webs." In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.5106.

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Phong Luong, Minh. "Ancrages sur fonds marins coralliens." In Journées Nationales Génie Côtier - Génie Civil. Editions Paralia, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.5150/jngcgc.2000.035-l.

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Reports on the topic "Marine foods"

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Cairo, Jessica, Iulia Gherman, and Paul Cook. The effects of consumer freezing of food on its use-by date. Food Standards Agency, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ret874.

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The current Food Standards Agency consumer guidance states that consumers can freeze pre-packed food right up to the “use-by” date and, once food has been defrosted, it should be consumed within 24 hours. This strategic review has collated relevant data to determine whether there is an increased risk in relation to freezing ready-to-eat and non-ready-to-eat foods on the use-by date compared to the day before the use-by date. The review has focused on how the shelf-life of a food is determined and the effects of freezing, thawing and refrigeration on foodborne pathogens, including Bacillus spp., Campylobacter spp., Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, pathogenic Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. In the UK, food business operators are responsible for setting the safe shelf-life of a food which, in practice, should take into consideration the consumer habits, as well as the factors affecting shelf-life, such as food product characteristics, food processing techniques, transport, retail and domestic food storage temperatures, and type of packaging. Some countries, such as Ireland, New Zealand and Canada specifically recommend including safety margins within shelf lives. This is used to maintain brand integrity because it ensures that the food is consumed in its optimum condition. The FSA has collaborated with other organisations in the production of several guidance documents; however, there is no explicit requirement for the consideration of a margin of safety when setting shelf-life. There is also no legal requirement in the UK to consider a safety margin when setting shelf-life. According to regulations, pathogens should not be present in sufficient levels to cause foodborne illness on the use-by date, as food should still be safe to eat on that day. Given that these requirements are met, the risk assessed in this report arises from the processes of freezing, thawing and subsequent refrigerated storage for a further 24 hours, and the potential for these to increase pathogen levels. In this review, it was found that there is a risk of additional growth of certain pathogens during the refrigerated storage period although the impact of freezing and thawing on the extent of this growth was not readily evident. This risk would relate specifically to ready-to-eat foods as cooking of non-ready-to-eat foods after defrosting would eliminate pathogens. This report explores the potential issues related to consumer freezing on the use-by date and identifies additional information or research required to understand the risks involved. Overall, there is little evidence to suggest a significant change in risk between consumers freezing ready-to-eat food on the use-by date compared to freezing the food on the day before the use-by date. Specific areas that merit further research include the risks due to low temperature survival and growth of L. monocytogenes. There is also a lack of research on the effects of freezing, defrosting and refrigeration on the growth and toxin production of non-proteolytic C. botulinum, and the growth of Salmonella during domestic freezing and thawing. Finally, more information on how food business operators set shelf-life would enable a better understanding of the process and the extent of the safety margin when determining shelf-life of ready-to-eat and non-ready-to-eat foods.

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Pitt, Jordan A., Neelakanteswar Aluru, and Hahn Hahn. Supplemental materials for book chapter: Microplastics in Marine Food Webs. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/29556.

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The identification of microplastics (MPs; 1 µm - 5 mm) and the inferred presence of nanoplastics (NPs; <1 µm) in a wide variety of marine animals, including many seafood species, has raised important questions about the presence, movement, and impacts of these particles in marine food webs. Understanding microplastic dynamics in marine food webs requires elucidation of the processes involved, including bioaccumulation, trophic transfer, and biomagnification. However, in the context of microplastics and nanoplastics these concepts are often misunderstood. In this chapter, we provide a critical review of the literature on the behavior of plastic particles in marine food webs. We find clear evidence of trophic transfer, equivocal evidence for bioaccumulation, and no evidence for biomagnification. We also identify a number of knowledge gaps that limit our ability to draw firm conclusions at this time. These supplemental documents are in support of an invited chapter to be published in this book: S.E. Shumway and J.E. Ward (Eds.) Plastics in the Sea: Occurrence and Impacts (Elsevier 2023).

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Schmitt, T., and R. Larocque. Outil de classification des fonds marins. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/224417.

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Arcone, Steven, James Lever, Laura Ray, Benjamin Walker, Gordon Hamilton, and Lynn Kaluzienski. Ground-penetrating radar profiles of the McMurdo shear zone, Antarctica, acquired with an unmanned rover : interpretation of crevasses, fractures, and folds within firn and marine ice. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42620.

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The crevassed firn of the McMurdo shear zone (SZ) within the Ross Ice Shelf may also contain crevasses deep within its meteoric and marine ice, but the surface crevassing prevents ordinary vehicle access to investigate its structure geophysically. We used a lightweight robotic vehicle to tow 200- and 40 MHz ground-penetrating radar antennas simultaneously along 10 parallel transects over a 28 km² grid spanning the SZ width. Transects were generally orthogonal to the ice flow. Total firn and meteoric ice thickness was approximately 160 m. Firn crevasses profiled at 400 MHz were up to 16 m wide, under snow bridges up to 10 m thick, and with strikes near 35°–40° to the transect direction. From the top down, 200- MHz profiles revealed firn diffractions originating to a depth of approximately 40 m, no discernible structure within the meteoric ice, a discontinuous transitional horizon, and at least 20 m of stratified marine ice; 28–31 m of freeboard found more marine ice exists. Based on 10 consecutive transects covering approximately 2.5 km², we preliminarily interpreted the transitional horizon to be a thin saline layer, and marine ice hyperbolic diffractions and reflections to be responses to localized fractures, and crevasses filled with unstratified marine ice, all at strikes from 27° to 50°. We preliminarily interpreted off nadir, marine ice horizons to be responses to linear and folded faults, similar to some in firn. The coinciding and synchronously folded areas of fractured firn and marine ice suggested that the visibly unstructured meteoric ice beneath our grid was also fractured, but either never crevassed, crevassed and sutured without marine ice inclusions, or that any ice containing crevasses might have eroded before marine ice accretion. We will test these interpretations with analysis of all transects and by extending our grid and increasing our depth ranges.

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Mitchell, Brian G., Amir Neori, Charles Yarish, D. Allen Davis, Tzachi Samocha, and Lior Guttman. The use of aquaculture effluents in spray culture for the production of high protein macroalgae for shrimp aqua-feeds. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7597934.bard.

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The FAO has projected a doubling in world demand for seafood during the 21 ed from aquaculture of marine fish and shrimps fed primarily on fishmeal-based aquafeeds. However, current practices of high intensity monoculture of shrimp in coastal ponds and fish in offshore pens have been strongly criticized as being ecologically and socially unsustainable. This view derives from un- checked eutrophication of coastal marine ecosystems from fish farm effluents, and the destruction of coastal estuarine ecosystems by shrimp farm constructions, plus aquaculture’s reliance on wild-caught small fish - which are excellent food for humans, but instead are rendered into fishmeal and fish oil for formulating aquafeeds. Fishmeal-sparing and waste- reduction aquafeeds can only delay the time when fed aquaculture product are priced out of affordability for most consumers. Additionally, replacement of fishmeal protein and fish oil by terrestrial plant sources such as soybean meal and oil directly raises food costs for human communities in developing nations. New formulations incorporating sustainably-produced marine algal proteins and oils are growing in acceptance as viable and practical alternatives. This BARD collaborative research project investigated a sustainable water-sparing spray/drip culture method for producing high-protein marine macrophyte meals for incorporation into marine shrimp and fish diets. The spray culture work was conducted at laboratory-scale in the USA (UCSD-SIO) using selected Gracilariaand Ulvastrains isolated and supplied by UCONN, and outdoors at pilot-scale in Israel (IOLR-NCM) using local strains of Ulvasp., and nitrogen/phosphorus-enriched fish farm effluent to fertilize the spray cultures and produce seaweed biomass and meals containing up to 27% raw protein (dry weight content). Auburn University (USA) in consultation with TAMUS (USA) used the IOLR meals to formulate diets and conduct marine shrimp feeding trials, which resulted in mixed outcomes, indicating further work was needed to chemically identify and remove anti-nutritional elements present in the IOLR-produced seaweed meals.

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Lundgren, Jonathan, Moshe Coll, and James Harwood. Biological control of cereal aphids in wheat: Implications of alternative foods and intraguild predation. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7699858.bard.

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The overall objective of this proposal is to understand how realistic strategies for incorporating alternative foods into wheat fields affect the intraguild (IG) interactions of omnivorous and carnivorous predators and their efficacy as biological control agents. Cereal aphids are a primary pest of wheat throughout much of the world. Naturally occurring predator communities consume large quantities of cereal aphids in wheat, and are partitioned into aphid specialists and omnivores. Within wheat fields, the relative abilities of omnivorous and carnivorous predators to reduce cereal aphids depend heavily on the availability, distribution and type of alternative foods (alternative prey, sugar, and pollen), and on the intensity and direction of IG predation events within this community. A series of eight synergistic experiments, carefully crafted to accomplish objectives while accounting for regional production practices, will be conducted to explore how cover crops (US, where large fields preclude effective use of field margins) and field margins (IS, where cover crops are not feasible) as sources of alternative foods affect the IG interactions of predators and their efficacy as biological control agents. These objectives are: 1. Determine the mechanisms whereby the availability of alternative prey and plant-provided resources affect pest suppression by omnivorous and carnivorous generalist predators; 2. Characterize the intensity of IGP within generalist predator communities of wheat systems and assess the impact of these interactions on cereal aphid predation; and 3. Evaluate how spatial patterns in the availability of non-prey resources and IGP affect predation on cereal aphids by generalist predator communities. To accomplish these goals, novel tools, including molecular and biochemical gut content analysis and geospatial analysis, will be coupled with traditional techniques used to monitor and manipulate insect populations and predator efficacy. Our approach will manipulate key alternative foods and IG prey to determine how these individual interactions contribute to the ability of predators to suppress cereal aphids within systems where cover crop and field margin management strategies are evaluated in production scale plots. Using these strategies, the proposed project will not only provide cost-effective and realistic solutions for pest management issues faced by IS and US producers, but also will provide a better understanding of how spatial dispersion, IG predation, and the availability of alternative foods contribute to biological control by omnivores and carnivores within agroecosystems. By reducing the reliance of wheat producers on insecticides, this proposal will address the BARD priorities of increasing the efficiency of agricultural production and protecting plants against biotic sources of stress in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner.

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Flynn, Leonard, Barbara A. Jezior, and Lawrence E. Symington. Survey Evaluation of Marine Corps Food Service Schools at Camp Johnson, North Carolina. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada201051.

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Lane, L. S. Bedrock geology, Mount Raymond, Yukon, NTS 116-I/8. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329963.

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The Mount Raymond map area incorporates the western limb of the Richardson anticlinorium, southern Richardson Mountains, northern Yukon. It is underlain by four Paleozoic sedimentary successions: middle Cambrian Slats Creek Formation, Cambrian to Early Devonian Road River Group, Devonian Canol Formation, and Late Devonian to Carboniferous Imperial and Tuttle formations. The Richardson trough depositional setting of the first three successions is succeeded by a deep-marine, turbiditic, Ellesmerian, orogenic foredeep setting for the Imperial-Tuttle succession. Several major thrust faults and related folds transect the map area from north to south. The carbonate-dominated Road River Group defines a west-dipping homocline, modified by the Mount Raymond thrust fault together with minor folds in its footwall. In the overlying Imperial-Tuttle succession, map-scale folds are defined where shales are interbedded with persistent sandstones. Steep reverse faults in the east may have reactivated Cambrian rift faults. The structural geometry reflects Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic regional Cordilleran tectonism.

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Eisemann, Eve, Catherine Thomas, Matthew Balazik, Damarys Acevedo-Mackey, and Safra Altman. Environmental factors affecting coastal and estuarine submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42185.

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Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) growing in estuarine and coastal marine systems provides crucial ecosystem functions ranging from sediment stabilization to habitat and food for specific species. SAV systems, however, are sensitive to a number of environmental factors, both anthropogenic and natural. The most common limiting factors are light limitation, water quality, and salinity, as reported widely across the literature. These factors are controlled by a number of complex processes, however, varying greatly between systems and SAV populations. This report seeks to conduct an exhaustive examination of factors influencing estuarine and coastal marine SAV habitats and find the common threads that tie these ecosystems together. Studies relating SAV habitats in the United States to a variety of factors are reviewed here, including geomorphological and bathymetric characteristics, sediment dynamics, sedimentological characteristics, and water quality, as well as hydrologic regime and weather. Tools and methods used to assess each of these important factors are also reviewed. A better understanding of fundamental environmental factors that control SAV growth will provide crucial information for coastal restoration and engineering project planning in areas populated by SAVs.

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Walker, David, Craig Baker-Austin, Andy Smith, Karen Thorpe, Adil Bakir, Tamara Galloway, Sharron Ganther, et al. A critical review of microbiological colonisation of nano- and microplastics (NMP) and their significance to the food chain. Food Standards Agency, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.xdx112.

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Microplastics are extremely small mixed shaped plastic debris in the environment. These plastics are manufactured (primary microplastics) or formed from the breakdown of larger plastics once they enter the terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments (secondary microplastics). Over time, a combination of physical, photochemical and biological processes can reduce the structural integrity of plastic debris to produce microplastics and even further to produce nanoplastics. NMPs have been detected in both the aquatic and terrestrial environments and can be easily spread by water, soil and air and can be ingested by a wide range of organisms. For example, NMPs have been found in the guts of fish and bivalve shellfish. Microplastics have also been detected in food and in human faeces. Therefore, NMPs are not only found in the environment, but they may contaminate the food supply chain and be ingested by consumers. There is evidence suggesting that microorganisms are able to colonise the surfaces of microplastics and aggregates of nanoplastics. However, the risk to consumers posed by NMPs colonised with microorganisms (including those that are AMR) which enter the food supply chain is currently unknown.

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