Relevant bibliographies by topics / Marine fishes – North Sea

Academic literature on the topic 'Marine fishes – North Sea'

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Published: 25 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Marine fishes – North Sea"

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STERGIOU, K., D. C. BOBORI, F. G. EKMEKÇİ, M. GÖKOĞLU, P. K. KARACHLE, G. MINOS, Y. ÖZVAROL, I. SALVARINA, A. S. TARKAN, and L. VILIZZI. "New Fisheries-related data from the Mediterranean Sea (April 2014)." Mediterranean Marine Science 15, no. 1 (April 12, 2014): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.738.

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As part of its policy, Mediterranean Marine Science started from 2014 to publish a new series of collective article with fisheries-related data from the Mediterranean Sea. In this first collective article we present length frequencies and weight-length relationships for the northern brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus aztecus in the eastern Mediterranean, length-weight relationships for 10 fish species in the North Aegean Sea, the feeding habits for 11 sparid fishes in the North Aegean Sea, a review of the existing literature on the feeding and reproduction of common carp Cyprinus carpio in Anatolia (Turkey) and mouth dimensions and the relationships between mouth area and length for seven freshwater fishes from Lake Volvi (Northern Greece).
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Nielsen, Einar E., Peter Grønkjær, Dorte Meldrup, and Helge Paulsen. "Retention of juveniles within a hybrid zone between North Sea and Baltic Sea Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 2219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f05-139.

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Elucidating the relative roles of dispersal and retention of juvenile stages is an important issue for understanding population structure and evolution in marine organisms. We investigated the genetic population structure of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) within the transition zone between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, employing nine microsatellite loci, and compared our data with adult cod data from the same area. Small but statistically significant overall differentiation (Fst = 0.003) was found among juvenile samples. Samples of juveniles grouped genetically with adult samples from the same geographical regions. Individual admixture analysis of a large sample of juveniles taken within the transition zone showed that the patterns of genetic differentiation could not be explained by mixing of pure North Sea and Baltic Sea individuals. Instead, the high number of juveniles with intermediate genotypes was compatible with a scenario of exclusive local (transition zone) origin. The results support the hypothesis that population structure in marine fishes is maintained by the retention of juveniles.
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Chacón-Monge, José-Leonardo, Arturo Angulo, and Jorge Cortés. "New hosts and morphological data for the Star pearlfish Carapus mourlani (Ophidiiformes: Carapidae) from collections made in the North Pacific coast of Costa Rica." Revista de Biología Tropical 69, Suppl.2 (September 6, 2021): S219—S233. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v69isuppl.2.48319.

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Introduction: The family Carapidae includes about 40 species of marine fishes distributed in coastal habitats worldwide. The family includes some free-living species, however, most of them are found as commensal inquilines or parasites of marine invertebrates, including several echinoderm species. In the Eastern Tropical Pacific, the biology and host use of the representatives of the Carapidae is relatively poorly known. Objective: The present study reports the occurrence of the Star pearlfish Carapus mourlani within three previously unknown hosts in the region: the sea stars Nidorellia armata, Phataria unifascialis, and the sea cucumber Stichopus horrens. Some ecological implications and considerations regarding such symbiotic relationships are raised and discussed. Additional morphometric and meristic data for the fish and the echinoderms are also provided and discussed. Methods: Echinoderms were collected, from 25 localities along the North Pacific coast of Costa Rica, and were carefully examined searching for commensal/parasitic fishes. Echinoderms and fishes were identified and characterized in accordance with the specialized literature. Results: A total of 497 echinoderms, including about 60 species, were collected and examined. Commensal/parasitic fish (a single species represented by 13 specimens) were found in three echinoderm specimens/species. Conclusions: The list of echinoderm hosts for this carapid fish, through its whole distribution range, rises to 12 species (six sea stars and six sea cucumbers) and that could be a consequence of its wide geographic distribution, its generalist feeding habits and opportunistic commensal behavior.
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Lefort, Kyle J., Heather L. Major, Alexander L. Bond, Antony W. Diamond, Ian L. Jones, William A. Montevecchi, Jennifer F. Provencher, and Gregory J. Robertson. "Long-term stability in the volume of Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica) eggs in the western North Atlantic." Canadian Journal of Zoology 99, no. 8 (August 2021): 653–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2020-0254.

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In the eastern North Atlantic, declines in the volume of Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica (Linnaeus, 1758)) eggs have been associated with shifts in the marine ecosystem, such as changes in the abundance of forage fishes and increasing sea-surface temperatures. In the western North Atlantic, where similar shifts in oceanographic conditions and changes in the abundance of forage fishes have presumably occurred, trends in the volume of Atlantic Puffin eggs remain unknown. In this study, we investigate Atlantic Puffin egg volume in the western North Atlantic. We compiled 140 years (1877–2016) of egg volume measurements (n = 1805) and used general additive mixed-effects models to investigate temporal trends and regional variation. Our findings indicate that Atlantic Puffin egg volume differs regionally but has remained unchanged temporally in the western North Atlantic since at least the 1980s.
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Gordó-Vilaseca, Cesc, Laurene Pecuchet, Marta Coll, Henning Reiss, Alexander Jüterbock, and Mark John Costello. "Over 20% of marine fishes shifting in the North and Barents Seas, but not in the Norwegian Sea." PeerJ 11 (August 31, 2023): e15801. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15801.

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Climate warming generally induces poleward range expansions and equatorward range contractions of species’ environmental niches on a global scale. Here, we examined the direction and magnitude of species biomass centroid geographic shifts in relation to temperature and depth for 83 fish species in 9,522 standardised research trawls from the North Sea (1998–2020) to the Norwegian (2000–2020) and Barents Sea (2004–2020). We detected an overall significant northward shift of the marine fish community biomass in the North Sea, and individual species northward shifts in the Barents and North Seas, in 20% and 25% of the species’ biomass centroids in each respective region. We did not detect overall community shifts in the Norwegian Sea, where two species (8%) shifted in each direction (northwards and southwards). Among 9 biological traits, species biogeographic assignation, preferred temperature, age at maturity and maximum depth were significant explanatory variables for species latitudinal shifts in some of the study areas, and Arctic species shifted significantly faster than boreal species in the Barents Sea. Overall, our results suggest a strong influence of other factors, such as biological interactions, in determining several species’ recent geographic shifts.
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Agiadi, Konstantina, Efterpi Koskeridou, and Danae Thivaiou. "At the crossroads: early Miocene marine fishes of the proto-Mediterranean Sea." Fossil Record 24, no. 2 (July 26, 2021): 233–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-233-2021.

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Abstract. Connectivity and climate control fish distribution today as well as in the geological past. We present here the Aquitanian (early Miocene) marine fish of the Mesohellenic Basin, a restricted basin at the border between the proto-Mediterranean and Paratethyan seas. Based on fish otoliths, we were able to identify 19 species from 17 genera, including two new species: Ariosoma mesohellenica and Gnathophis elongatus. This fish assemblage, in conjunction with the accompanying molluscan assemblage, indicates a variable shelf paleoenvironment with easy access to the open ocean. Although available data on the Indo-Pacific fishes of the early Miocene are very limited, the fish fauna of the Mesohellenic Basin has many elements in common with the North Sea, the NE Atlantic, and the Paratethys.
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Bănaru, Daniela, and Mireille Harmelin-Vivien. "Trophic links and riverine effects on food webs of pelagic fish of the north-western Black Sea." Marine and Freshwater Research 60, no. 6 (2009): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08005.

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Improving the knowledge of trophodynamics in coastal marine ecosystems is important for fisheries management. The present study was designed to assess the influence of Danube River inputs on Romanian coastal marine food webs of the European sprat (Sprattus sprattus), the European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus) and the horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus). Gut content analyses coupled with carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses described food web variations with fish size, season and distance from the Danube delta. Sprats fed on zooplankton, horse mackerel fed on polychaetes and small fish, and anchovies had an intermediate diet. The δ13C and δ15N ratios and mean trophic levels increased from sprats to anchovies and then to horse mackerel. Season strongly influenced the δ15N values of the three fishes, with lower values in spring than in autumn linked to higher Danube inputs into coastal waters in spring during the flooding period. Fish condition was related to diet and environmental factors, with higher conditions recorded in the north area in autumn and in the south area in spring. Danube River inputs influenced the diet, stable isotope ratios and condition of the main commercial pelagic migratory fishes of the north-western Black Sea.
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Neat, Francis, and David Righton. "Warm water occupancy by North Sea cod." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274, no. 1611 (December 19, 2006): 789–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.0212.

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The North Sea has warmed in recent years and there is an ongoing debate into how this is affecting the distribution of fishes and other marine organisms. Of particular interest is the commercially important Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.), which has declined sharply in abundance in the North Sea over the past 20 years. Observations of the temperature experienced by 129 individual cod throughout the North Sea were made during a large-scale electronic tagging programme conducted between 1999 and 2005. We asked whether individual cod fully occupied the thermal habitat available to them. To this end, we compared the temperature experience of cod with independently measured contemporaneous sea-bottom temperature data. The majority of cod experienced a warmer fraction of the sea than was potentially available to them. By summer, most of the individuals in the south experienced temperatures considered superoptimal for growth. Cooler waters were within the reach of the cod and a small number of individuals migrated to areas that allowed them to experience lower temperatures, indicating that the cod had the capacity to find cooler water. Most did not, however, suggesting that the changing thermal regime of the North Sea is not yet causing adult cod to move to cooler waters.
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Liu, Shang-Yin Vanson, Chia-Hui Wang, Jen-Chieh Shiao, and Chang-Feng Dai. "Population connectivity of neon damsel, Pomacentrus coelestis, inferred from otolith microchemistry and mtDNA." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 12 (2010): 1416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf10079.

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Understanding dispersal patterns and population connectivity is crucial to the conservation and management of fish assemblages in reef ecosystems. To reveal the population connectivity of reef fishes in the northern West Pacific, we examined the otolith chemistry and the mtDNA control region of Pomacentrus coelestis collected from six localities between Hainan Island (China) and Okinawa (Japan). The results of otolith chemistry analyses on pre-settlement signatures showed that fishes in north-west Taiwan may have a similar origin, whereas those in southern Taiwan might have a separate origin from the South China Sea. Furthermore, the elemental ratios of post-settlement signatures showed clear separation among localities, reflecting their sedentary behaviour after settlement and the influence of local environment. Population genetic analyses revealed that significant genetic differentiation occurred between populations in north-west Taiwan and populations in the South China Sea and the Kuroshio ecosystems. This study demonstrated that otolith chemistry and mtDNA analyses revealed consistent and complementary results of the dispersal and connectivity of P. coelestis populations, and provided evidence supporting that fish populations around Taiwan should be considered as two stocks. Thus, two marine protected area networks should be established for the conservation and management of reef fishes in this area.
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GEROVASILEIOU, V., C. CHINTIROGLOU, D. VAFIDIS, D. KOUTSOUBAS, M. SINI, T. DAILIANIS, Y. ISSARIS, E. AKRITOPOULOU, D. DIMARCHOPOULOU, and E. VOUTSIADOU. "Census of biodiversity in marine caves of the eastern Mediterranean Sea." Mediterranean Marine Science 16, no. 1 (March 5, 2015): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.1069.

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Scientific information on the biodiversity of marine caves in the eastern Mediterranean is limited, especially when considering the extensively studied caves of the north-western and central Mediterranean. Aiming to enhance current knowledge regarding cave communities, this study represents a first assessment of the marine cave biota of the eastern Mediterranean, as this has been defined by the European Union’s Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Information retrieved from an extensive overview of relevant scientific documents was combined with original data recorded from 23 marine caves of the north-eastern Mediterranean. Our results report a total of 520 taxa recorded in eastern Mediterranean marine caves to date, the majority of which are sponges, polychaetes, rhodophytes, bivalves, fishes, and gastropods. These include several protected, endemic, and alien species. However, not all taxonomic groups have been equally studied among different areas and future studies are expected to raise the number of endemic and alien species. The overall observed trend is that the reported species number is generally related to sampling effort and scientific expertise. The most well-studied marine cave communities of the eastern Mediterranean are those of the Aegean Sea (especially its northern sector), which presented the highest number of species, followed by those of the Levantine. Furthermore, our research in Aegean caves revealed numerous new records for the marine cave fauna of the eastern basin, while several species are reported for the first time in the marine cave habitat. The critical need for further scientific research, monitoring, and conservation of this unique ecosystem was highlighted by (i) the presence of certain species endemic to the eastern Mediterranean coupled with a high proportion of alien species, especially in the Levantine, and (ii) the marine cave habitat availability in isolated insular areas of the eastern Mediterranean.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Marine fishes – North Sea"

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Leary, Arianne Ella. "Effects of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill on Deep Sea Fishes." UNF Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/566.

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The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (DWH) released about 4.4 million barrels of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico (GOM), making it one of the largest oil spills in U.S. history. Additionally, the depth of the spill (i.e., 1500 meters) created a unique research opportunity because most oil spills occur at the surface and affect coastal rather than deepwater habitats. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the most toxic components of oil, and are often the focus of oil exposure studies. PAHs are quickly metabolized by vertebrates; therefore, indicators of biological responses to PAH exposure (PAH “biomarkers”) such as the levels of PAH detoxification enzymes and the resulting metabolites are commonly used to examine oil exposure. This study measured multiple PAH biomarkers including hepatic activity of the PAH detoxification enzymes cytochrome P4501a1 (CYP1A) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), as well as biliary PAH metabolites in deep sea sharks and bony fishes from areas affected by the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. Samples were collected from 2011-2013 from seven species of sharks, with special focus on the four most abundant deep sea species: Centrophorus niakang, Centrophorus cf granulosus, Squalus cubensis and Squalus cf mitsikurii. Overall enzyme activity was low in these sharks, yet it was higher in oiled sites compared to reference locations. Additionally some species showed declining CYP1A activity since the time of the oil spill, suggesting exposure to CYP-inducing compounds during the beginning of the survey period. Last, PAHs of a petrogenic nature were more abundant in oiled sites compared to reference locations. Overall, this project provides the much need biomarker data for sharks as well as insight on exposure and metabolism of PAHs in deep sea sharks after the DWH.
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Baudron, Alan Ronan. "Length-based modelling of North Sea fish growth." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=192287.

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This thesis focuses on the temporal variations in growth affecting commercial species of fish in the North Sea. The aims were firstly to review the modelling tools available to study fish growth in the North Sea, and secondly to investigate the implications of the observed increase in North Sea temperature on the growth of commercial fish species. The von Bertalanffy growth function (VBGF) is a reliable and flexible model to study fish growth and was employed throughout this thesis. The age-length keys (ALKs) used to model fish growth were length-stratified samples and were showed to result in biased VBGF parameter estimates. Thus, ALKs should be corrected by the length frequency observed in the population when possible. A warming trend has been observed in the North Sea over the last decades, with an overall increase of 1 °C in the northern North Sea. These warming temperatures were significantly linked with a decrease in asymptotic length (L∞) and an increase in the rate at which L∞ is reached (K) observed for North Sea haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus). Incorporating the temperature covariate into an extended VBGF to model haddock growth allowed quantifying a decrease in weight-at-age up to 40% at age 10 occurring at warmer temperatures, resulting in a 20% loss of individual yield. A meta-analysis was then conducted across North Sea commercial species and confirmed that most species experienced a synchronous decline in L∞, with the exception of cod (Gadus morhua) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus). This strongly suggests that the increase in temperature is the cause of the changes observed in VBGF parameters. Overall, the findings suggest that, in many commercial fish species of the North Sea, the increase in temperature induced a faster growth towards a smaller asymptotic length. This is likely to jeopardize fisheries yields and thus to affect the economic efficiency of North Sea fisheries. The results of this thesis advocate that the effect of temperature on growth is large enough to be incorporated into North Sea fish stock assessment models.
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O'Sullivan, Martha. "Population structure of demersal fish species in the north eastern Atlantic." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted: no access until Dec. 31, 2010. Online version available for University members only until June 2, 2011, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=26063.

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Buch, Tanja B. "Spatial structure of North Sea fishes : theory and application to abundance estimation." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=237000.

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Kerby, Tina. "UK fisheries, climate change and North Sea fishes : a long-term perspective." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/47987/.

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North Sea demersal fishes and fisheries have changed over the past 100 years. To detect the main factors driving these changes, long-term data are needed. Using historical fisheries data that extend throughout the 20th century, this thesis aims to assess drivers influencing developments in fisheries as well as changes in the distribution and abundance of commercially important fishes in the North Sea. For English demersal fisheries, favourable political, technological and economical drivers were identified, inducing a vast rise in English fisheries in the first half of the 20th century; however, the same drivers, acting adversely, influenced the decline in recent decades and the emphasis of fisheries shifted from England to Scotland. Different trends in distribution were observed for North Sea whiting, turbot and brill between the 1920s and 2000s. Whiting distribution shifted westward between the late 1940s and1960s, whereas turbot nearly disappeared from the northern North Sea from the 1970s onwards. Brill distribution remained rather stable in the central and southern North Sea. The reasons for the longitudinal shift of whiting remained unclear as the relationships to two potential drivers, climate change and fishing pressure, were not strong. For turbot, the cause for the near disappearance from the northern North Sea is inconclusive. Commercial fisheries data were assessed reliable for distribution analysis when comparing commercial data of whiting, a commonly discarded species, and unbiased survey data. Whiting, compared to flatfish, is of secondary commercial importance. In areas where discrepancies occurred between commercial and survey data, higher discarding of whiting is suggested, as highly priced flatfish are caught there. This thesis demonstrates past conditions of demersal fish populations and fisheries in the North Sea and presents the effects of different drivers on them. The documented changes in fishes and fisheries contain valuable information for resetting baselines and developing appropriate management strategies.
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Martínez, Iñigo. "Demersal fish assemblages around sea bed features : Buzzard oil & gas field platform in the North Sea and Jones Bank, Celtic Sea." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=183828.

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The maximum number (Nmax) of fish was recorded using baited underwater camera (BUC) techniques to study spatio-temporal changes of the fish community in localize areas. In the central North Sea (~100m depth) abundance models revealed that for both, whiting and flatfish, the Nmax was influenced by light level at the time of deployment. Nmax of hagfish was strongly related to current speed in a non-linear way with a predicted upper threshold (~11 cm.s-1) above which Nmax declined. Current speed and inter-annual variation had an important effect on haddock Nmax. Large predators that prompt avoidance mechanisms (e.g. large conger eel, marine mammals and fishing vessels) and bottom current speed >25 cm.s-1 can modify demersal fish behaviour depending on size and species and therefore have important effects on BUC-derived data. The BUC was applied for the first time to the monitoring of the Buzzard platform, a new oil and gas development in the central North Sea that host 12 demersal and benthic fish species. The benthic taxa, flatfish and hagfish, showed higher numbers closer to the platform whilst the most mobile species showed constant numbers (haddock) or highest numbers outside of the 500m of Exclusion Area (whiting). No significant changes in fish diversity were found between the areas surveyed before the platform construction. After the construction, the species richness and diversity were higher outside the 500m Exclusion Area surrounding the platform. Offshore sand banks, like oil platforms, can modify the composition of the local fish abundance. BUC and commercial trawl observations on the Jones Bank (75-150m depth, Celtic Sea) recorded 23 species, the highest richness, on top of the bank and 18 species on the slope and off-bank areas. Conger eel and Nephrops were both absent from the top of the bank site whereas haddock was only observed in the bank area.
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Mair, Angus. "Investigation into a prominent 38 kHz scattering layer in the North Sea /." St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/490.

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Casazza, Tara L. "Community structure and diets of fishes associated with pelagic Sargassum and open-water habitats off North Carolina." View electronic thesis, 2008. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2008-3/casazzat/taracasazza.pdf.

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Cheung, Wai Lung. "Vulnerability of marine fishes to fishing : from global overview to the northern South China Sea." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31272.

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Fishing has become a major conservation threat to marine fishes. Effective conservation of threatened species requires timely conservation risk assessment and formulation of socio-economically viable policies. A fuzzy logic expert system is developed to predict the intrinsic vulnerability and depletion risk of marine fishes to fishing. Firstly, the expert system predicts intrinsic vulnerability (i.e., fishes' inherent ability to withstand fishing mortality) from simple parameters of life history and ecology. Secondly, the system predicts the relative depletion risk of marine fishes from their intrinsic vulnerability and exploitation status inferred from catch time-series. These methods reveal the increasing dominance in global catches by fishes with low intrinsic vulnerability, particularly those in coral reefs. The opposite trend is observed in seamounts where species are highly vulnerable to fishing and are increasingly being exploited and serially depleted in recent years. Moreover, risk of population depletion increased greatly from the 1970s to 2000s. Among all extant marine fishes, 10 to 20% are predicted to have high depletion risk. In the northern South China Sea (NSCS), relative abundance of 15 out of the 17 studied taxa declines by over 70% in 15 years. The rate of decline is con-elated with the intrinsic vulnerability of the taxa. Using the Ecopath with Ecosim modelling approach, the structures of the NSCS ecosystem in the 1970s and 2000s are reconstructed and compared. The models show that the NSCS ecosystem has chanced from being demersal-dominated to pelagic-dominated, with a large decline in overall biomass and decrease in ecosystem maturity. Primary production is largely utilized by the fisheries compared to some 30 years ago when primary production was mainly utilized by marine fauna. The model is able to emulate the changes of observed relative abundance of commercial taxa. Using Ecosim, trade-off between conservation status (indicated by a depletion index) and economic benefits is identified as convex-shaped. The 2000s ecosystem appears sub-optimal ecologically and economically, thus improvement in conservation and economic benefits can be achieved simultaneously. However, the resulting social problems due to loss of fishing-related jobs need to be addressed first. Thus, developing viable alternative livelihoods for fishers is a priority to meet conservation and economic objectives.
Science, Faculty of
Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for
Graduate
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Allsop, Timothy. "Early compaction history of marine siliciclastic sediments." Thesis, Durham University, 1994. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5675/.

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Differential compaction occurs within many sedimentary settings, such as alluvial and deltaic deposition, but it is within the submarine fan environment where the process is most effective due to the very high depositional porosities of the muds found there. Additionally the grain size of siliciclastic sediments within the submarine fan environment varies rapidly both horizontally and vertically, and hence the effect of differential compaction control on the depositional geometry and arrangement needs to be examined and modelled. It is also important to ascertain the rate at which sediments compact when buried, and whether compaction is complete at the end of deposition or whether it requires additional time to achieve this state. Sea- floor topography can be created if the latter case is true, and could influence subsequent deposition. Alternatively, if sea-floor topography is not created, the major control upon subsequent deposition may be the compatibility of the underlying section. Both controls will favour deposition of successive coarse clastic units above areas of fine-grained sediments, i.e. sand above shale rather than sand above sand. The Palaeocene sediments of the Central North Sea In the Montrose - Arbroath area (Blocks 22/17 and 22/18) combined with outcrop studies In southern California and New Mexico, have been used to assess the control of differential compaction on sediment distribution in a deep-sea fan setting. Differential compaction affects the Montrose - Arbroath area on a variety of scales. Firstly, differential compaction of the entire Palaeocene section across the underlying Forties - Montrose High induces structure. At a smaller scale, differential compaction may form a considerable control upon the spatial distribution of submarine fan channels and lobes that form the reservoir section throughout the area, and therefore the areal distribution of the oilfields themselves. Finally differential compaction may effect the distribution pattern of individual turbidites within such channel systems, thus forming a fine control upon the distribution of sands and shales within the reservoir. Fieldwork on submarine fan deposits in southern California has highlighted further complications to differential compaction that need to be addressed during the modelling process. Sedimentary processes such as basal loading and slumping are highly common in such deposits, and both can effect the compactional process to differing degrees. Results obtained from the modelling of stratal patterns observed in New Mexico provide information on the timing of differential compaction. It is suggested that compaction of sediments, even during early burial, requires a time interval often greater than the period of deposition, resulting in post-depositional compaction and the production of near-surface overpressure.
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Books on the topic "Marine fishes – North Sea"

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Coleman, Neville. Australian sea fishes north of 30ʻ́S. Sydney: Doubleday, 1986.

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Commission, European, ed. Peces del mar del norte =: Ryby severniho moře = Fish of the North Sea. Luxemburg: Amt für Amtliche Veröffentlichungen der Europäischen Gemeinschaften, 2004.

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Lythgoe, J. N. Fishes of the sea: The North Atlantic and Mediterranean. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1991.

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Watt, J. Guide to the identification of North Sea fish using premaxillae and vertebrae. Copenhagen, Denmark: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, 1997.

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Lythgoe, J. N. Fishes of the sea: The North Atlantic and Mediterranean. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1992.

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J, Sindermann Carl, and Lightner Donald V. 1944-, eds. Disease diagnosis and control in North American marine aquaculture. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1988.

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J, Knijn Ruud, ed. Atlas of North Sea fishes: Based on bottom-trawl survey data for the years 1985-1987. Copenhagen, Denmark: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, 1993.

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Sukhanov, V. V. Soobshchestva nektona v severo-zapadnoĭ chasti I︠A︡ponskogo mori︠a︡: Communities of nekton in north-western part of the Sea of Japan. Vladivostok: TINRO-t︠s︡entr, 2009.

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H, Jennings G., ed. Sea fishes of the north-western Atlantic: Greenland to the Carolinas ; a classified taxonomic checklist of all species recorded on the Calypso Ichthyological Database for calypso database area 030. London: Calypso Publications, 1999.

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Allen, Gerald R. The marine fishes of North-Western Australia: A field guide for anglers and divers : a general guide to inshore fishes of tropical Australia. Perth, W.A: Western Australian Museum, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Marine fishes – North Sea"

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Coad, Brian W. "Family Notacanthidae – Deep-sea Spiny Eels, Poissons-tapirs à épines." In Marine Fishes of Arctic Canada, edited by Brian W. Coad and James D. Reist, 205–8. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442667297-031.

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Elliott, M., M. G. O’Reilly, and C. J. L. Taylor. "The Forth estuary: a nursery and overwintering area for North Sea fishes." In North Sea—Estuaries Interactions, 89–103. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2000-2_8.

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Brander, Keith M., Geir Ottersen, Jan P. Bakker, Gregory Beaugrand, Helena Herr, Stefan Garthe, Anita Gilles, et al. "Environmental Impacts—Marine Ecosystems." In North Sea Region Climate Change Assessment, 241–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39745-0_8.

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Kaartvedt, Stein, Svenja Christiansen, and Anders Røstad. "Mesopelagic fishes in the Red Sea." In Coral Reefs and Associated Marine Fauna around the Arabian Peninsula, 93–100. London: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003321392-10.

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Owens, Roderick. "Holocene Sedimentation in the North-Western North Sea." In Holocene Marine Sedimentation in the North Sea Basin, 303–22. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444303759.ch23.

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Zerbe, Stefan. "Marine Habitats in the North Sea and Baltic Sea." In Restoration of Ecosystems – Bridging Nature and Humans, 295–313. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65658-7_13.

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Reijnders, P. J. H. "Accumulation and Body Distribution of Xenobiotics in Marine Mammals." In Pollution of the North Sea, 596–603. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73709-1_34.

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Kersten, M. "Geobiological Effects on the Mobility of Contaminants in Marine Sediments." In Pollution of the North Sea, 36–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73709-1_3.

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Jago, C. F. "Sediment Response to Waves and Currents, North Yorkshire Shelf, North Sea." In Holocene Marine Sedimentation in the North Sea Basin, 283–301. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444303759.ch22.

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Reise, Karsten, Stephan Gollasch, and Wim J. Wolff. "Introduced Marine Species of the North Sea Coasts." In Invasive Aquatic Species of Europe. Distribution, Impacts and Management, 260–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9956-6_28.

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Conference papers on the topic "Marine fishes – North Sea"

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Maitra, Sthitadhi, Pranjal L Pachbiye, and Geetanjali Chauhan. "Environmental Assessment of Brent North Sea Decommissioning: A Detailed Case Study." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/35152-ms.

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World's 70% of the hydrocarbon production occurs from mature oil and gas fields and many of such oil rigs and platforms in the world are nearing their "end of life" phase, and subsequent decommissioning and abandonment plans are being prepared. There is a necessity in the industry for early planning for the forecasted $100 billion global decommissioning activities of oil and gas facilities along with their associated midstream and downstream industries for risk management and cost optimization. Decommissioning in the offshore oil and gas industry involves the permanent closure and removal of facilities and infrastructure that are no longer economically viable or have reached the end of their operational life. This comprehensive process encompasses the cessation of production, plugging and abandoning wells, and the dismantling or removal of offshore platforms, pipelines, and associated structures. The process is highly regulated to ensure the safety of personnel, protect the environment, and comply with local and international regulations, reflecting the increasing importance of decommissioning as oil and gas fields globally age. The decommissioning of offshore oil and gas facilities poses several technical, operational, social, economic and environmental challenges and it is imperative to address complicated and frequently costly process and also to minimize the damage caused to the environment. Lack of experience and difficulties in estimating liabilities and costs are major challenges in decommissioning and depending on the age, location, and compliance with safety and environmental standards of the facility, potential expenses could run into the billions of dollars. Assumptions about Cessation of Production (CoP), timelines for decommissioning operations, procedural elements, and inflation accounting are all part of the estimation process for decommissioning costs. Liabilities associated with decommissioning are complex, impacted by laws, regulations, contractual terms, and public perception. Other difficulties include ensuring sufficient financial assurance to finish projects and controlling safety and environmental risks during decommissioning. Since operators usually receive little to no revenue from decommissioning projects, obtaining adequate funding becomes essential to the successful completion of decommissioning operations. Decommissioning can cause a disturbance of habitat during the removal of platforms, pipelines and subsea equipment. Residual hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and other chemicals may be present in the decommissioned infrastructure. Noise and vibrations during the decommissioning activities can affect marine mammals and fish. During decommissioning a large amount of waste materials and loose are produced. The disposal of decommissioned materials, including steel structures, concrete, and other materials, needs to be carefully managed to avoid negative environmental impacts. Decommissioning activities, such as the cutting and handling of pipelines and other equipment, also carry the risk of accidental oil or chemical spills. Thus, during Decommissioning Hazard (DEHAZ) study, it is imperative to identify and account for the waste generated during the operation and how it is disposed (Shaw,1994). The goal is to ensure that decommissioning activities are carried out in an environmentally responsible manner, minimizing harm to marine ecosystems and maintaining overall environmental sustainability.
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Alsinan, Ali, Khalilur Rehman, and Ahmad Bakodah. "Towards Sustainable Excellence & Biodiversity Protection in Upstream O & G Facility." In Middle East Oil, Gas and Geosciences Show. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213248-ms.

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Objective The objective is to showcase the Abu Ali facility's commitment to protecting and preserving the Abu Ali biodiversity ecosystem. The project demonstrates a modern sustainable, circular, innovative and systemic approach to target the biodiversity threats in multi-dimensional aspects and transform these threats into opportunities to improve the island's ecosystem. The island is important to Aramco's upstream operations because it houses an oil and gas production facility. The organization has determined its environmental goals from the corporate policies and vision to be as follows. Contribute to reaching the company's and the kingdom's vision for being a net zero-carbon operating facility by 2050 and 2060, respectively, by reducing and offsetting greenhouse gases' impact on climate. Support the Saudi Green Initiative by planting mangroves and trees in the Abu Ali Island and seeking for sourcing out the mangrove seeds to other entities. Align and adapt with carbon circular economy (CCE) approaches in reusing/repairing/recycling wasted materials and resources turning them into valuable products. Protect, preserve and enhance the Abu Ali biodiversity area to create an integrated ecosystem for wildlife, marine life, and birds. Be recognized at the corporate, nationally, and internationally as a role model in environmental protection stewardship. Background North of Jubail, a city in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, close to a large offshore oil field, sits Abu Ali Island. There are two large islands in the archipelago which are potentially preservational. The larger one is Abu Ali Island located to the north and the southern one is called Al Batinah Island. Abu Ali Island is a unique isolated island with one of the most diversified habitats in the Arabian Gulf, a home for a variety of creatures, and Aramco's oil and gas operational area. Aramco has designated Abu Ali Island as the country's first and biggest biodiversity stewardship island. The island is a sabkha semi-dry grassland. The coral reefs that encircle Abu Ali Island were formed naturally, making it an excellent habitat for marine life. The island's ecological and biological systems benefit from the variety of marine life. Birds nest on the island, turtles lay eggs, and foxes hunt for food. Abu Ali Island is on birds' migratory paths, and the island has become a resting area during migratory seasons. Furthermore, Abu Ali Island has been a fishing harbor for local fishermen for decades. Wildlife Habitat Mammals, reptiles, and rodents are just a few of the many biological species found on Abu Ali Island. Numerous other species, including the Cerastes Gasperettii/Arabian horned viper "Um Jounab" and the Arabian Red Fox, were also commonly observed on the island. The island is covered with vegetation, including native plants, cultivated trees, and herbs such as Ziziphus spina-christi "Sidir," Rhanterium epapposum "Arfaj," and Zygophyllum qatarense. Migratory Birds The island is situated in one of the main flyways of migratory birds that travel seasonally from Siberia & Eastern Europe to Africa. The migratory birds settle down for a couple of days/weeks to take a rest and food supply, then continue their long journey. The following migratory bird species have been spotted at Abu Ali Island: Black-necked Grebe, Great Crested Grebe, Black Kite, Slender-billed Gull, Greater Flamingo, Western Reef-egret, Lesser Crested Tern, White-cheeked Tern, Saunders's Tern, Little Tern, Grey Plover, Lesser Sandplover, Greater Sandplover, Kentish Plover, Bar-tailed Godwit, Whimbrel, Eurasian Curlew, Dunlin, Terek Sandpiper, Common Redshank, Common Greenshank, Ruddy Turnstone, Eurasian Oystercatcher, Crab-plover and Osprey. Marine Life Abu Ali Island is a territory of a critically endangered creature, the Hawksbill sea turtle. The turtles travel to various sites in the Arabian Gulf and lay their eggs on an island like Abu Ali Island during the year's roosting season. Besides that, coral reefs, seagrass, and mangroves thrive around Abu Ali Island creating attractive habitats for fishes and other organisms to reproduce and enrich marine life.
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Sugeng Widodo, Agung. "STRATEGY TO STRENGTHEN THE LEGALITY SUPERIOR PRODUCTS IN PENGADAH VILLAGE, NATUNA REGENCY." In International conference on Innovation and Technology. JOURNAL OF INNOVATION AND APPLIED TECHNOLOGY, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiat.2021.se.01.005.

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As an archipelagic country, Indonesia has border areas with neighboring countries. Natuna Regency is one of the outermost regions of Indonesia administratively bordering three countries, namely Vietnam, Cambodia, and Malaysia. The geographical location in the middle of the North Natuna Sea, problems with climate influences is very vulnerable to occur in the agricultural and fishery potential development in Natuna Regency. The majority of the livelihoods of the Pengadah Village residents are fishermen. Implementing the Research Program by the Institute of Research and Community Service, Universitas Brawijaya in Pengadah Village, Northeast Bunguran District, Natuna Regency has entered its 4th year (2021) with the topic of strengthening the institutional and legality for superior products. The Research Program carried out institutional strengthening and legality of superior village products through marketing and branding content training activities, making souvenirs from seashells, developing Geopark tourism, assisting marine cuisine and preparing legal legality for Village Owned Enterprises, Tourism Awareness Group and Batik SMEs. The acceleration of Pengadah Village to become an independent village in the National Border area requires cooperation between Universitas Brawijaya and the local Natuna Regency Government.
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Peycheva, Katya, Katya Peycheva, Mona Stancheva, Mona Stancheva, Stanislava Georgieva, Stanislava Georgieva, Lubomir Makedosnki, and Lubomir Makedosnki. "HEAVY METALS IN WATER, SEDIMENTS AND MARINE FISHES FROM BULGARIAN BLACK SEA." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b93d4d78bb6.88545986.

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In this study, the ecosystem marine water-sediment-biota was investigated and the pollution was assessed. The concentrations of eight elements were determined in marine water, sediments and four fish species collected from Black Sea (Varna), Bulgaria during 2013. Marine water recorded the highest concentrations of Zn (15-22 μg/L), As (1.1–1.2 μg/L) and Pb (0.7-0.8 μg/L) while Zn (31-52 μg/g), Pb (21-29 μg/g) and Cu (20-34 μg/g) and show the highest concentrations in sediments. Water and sediments showed similar spatial distribution patterns for the highest mean values of the different metals. In the analysed fish species, the highest concentration of the metals Cu and Zn were found in Trachurus Mediterrneus (0.42 mg/kg w.w) and in Sprattus Sprattus (12.7 mg/kg w.w), respectively while the heavy metals As and Hg were found with maximum values in Pseta Maxima (3.99 mg/kg w.w and 0.08 mg/kg w.w respectively). The results from this study were compared with our data for a previous period (2004-2006) and they show decrease in the levels of heavy metal.
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Peycheva, Katya, Katya Peycheva, Mona Stancheva, Mona Stancheva, Stanislava Georgieva, Stanislava Georgieva, Lubomir Makedosnki, and Lubomir Makedosnki. "HEAVY METALS IN WATER, SEDIMENTS AND MARINE FISHES FROM BULGARIAN BLACK SEA." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4315c12f92.

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In this study, the ecosystem marine water-sediment-biota was investigated and the pollution was assessed. The concentrations of eight elements were determined in marine water, sediments and four fish species collected from Black Sea (Varna), Bulgaria during 2013. Marine water recorded the highest concentrations of Zn (15-22 μg/L), As (1.1–1.2 μg/L) and Pb (0.7-0.8 μg/L) while Zn (31-52 μg/g), Pb (21-29 μg/g) and Cu (20-34 μg/g) and show the highest concentrations in sediments. Water and sediments showed similar spatial distribution patterns for the highest mean values of the different metals. In the analysed fish species, the highest concentration of the metals Cu and Zn were found in Trachurus Mediterrneus (0.42 mg/kg w.w) and in Sprattus Sprattus (12.7 mg/kg w.w), respectively while the heavy metals As and Hg were found with maximum values in Pseta Maxima (3.99 mg/kg w.w and 0.08 mg/kg w.w respectively). The results from this study were compared with our data for a previous period (2004-2006) and they show decrease in the levels of heavy metal.
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Shell, Ryan, C. N. Ciampaglio, and Willliam Palmer. "MARINE PLATYSOMID FISHES FROM THE EARLY PERMIAN OF KANSAS AND TEXAS." In Joint 53rd Annual South-Central/53rd North-Central/71st Rocky Mtn GSA Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019sc-326270.

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Jones, Alan R. "Safe Marine Access to Platforms in the Southern North Sea." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-11303-ms.

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Jones, A. R. "Safe Marine Access to Platforms in the Southern North Sea." In IPTC 2007: International Petroleum Technology Conference. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.147.iptc11303.

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Park, J., A. K. Bjørke, G. Sauvin, J. P. Morten, and B. Nazarian. "Marine CSEM for CO2 Storage Monitoring - North Sea Sensitivity Study." In 81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201901160.

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Jones, Alan R. "Safe Marine Access to Platforms in the Southern North Sea." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/11303-ms.

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Reports on the topic "Marine fishes – North Sea"

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Jalkanen, Jukka-Pekka, Erik Fridell, Jaakko Kukkonen, Jana Moldanova, Leonidas Ntziachristos, Achilleas Grigoriadis, Maria Moustaka, et al. Environmental impacts of exhaust gas cleaning systems in the Baltic Sea, North Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea area. Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361898.

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Description: Shipping is responsible for a range of different pressures affecting air quality, climate, and the marine environment. Most social and economic analyses of shipping have focused on air pollution assessment and how shipping may impact climate change and human health. This risks that policies may be biased towards air pollution and climate change, whilst impacts on the marine environment are not as well known. One example is the sulfur regulation introduced in January 2020, which requires shipowners to use a compliant fuel with a sulfur content of 0.5% (0.1% in SECA regions) or use alternative compliance options (Exhaust Gas Cleaning Systems, EGCS) that are effective in reducing sulfur oxide (SOx) emissions to the atmosphere. The EGCS cleaning process results in large volumes of discharged water that includes a wide range of contaminants. Although regulations target SOx removal, other pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), metals and combustion particles are removed from the exhaust to the wash water and subsequently discharged to the marine environment. Based on dilution series of the Whole Effluent Testing (WET), the impact of the EGCS effluent on marine invertebrate species and on phytoplankton was found to vary between taxonomic groups, and between different stages of the invertebrate life cycle. Invertebrates were more affected than phytoplankton, and the most sensitive endpoint detected in the present project was the fertilisation of sea urchin eggs, which were negatively affected at a sample dilution of 1 : 1,000,000. Dilutions of 1: 100,000 were harmful to early development of several of the tested species, including mussels, polychaetes, and crustaceans. The observed effects at these low concentrations of EGCS effluent were reduced egg production, and deformations and abnormal development of the larvae of the species. The ecotoxicological data produced in the EMERGE project were used to derive Predicted No Effect Concentration values. Corresponding modelling studies revealed that the EGCS effluent can be considered as a single entity for 2-10 days from the time of discharge, depending on the environmental conditions like sea currents, winds, and temperature. Area 10-30 km outside the shipping lanes will be prone to contaminant concentrations corresponding to 1 : 1,000,000 dilution which was deemed harmful for most sensitive endpoints of WET experiments. Studies for the Saronikos Gulf (Aegean Sea) revealed that the EGCS effluent dilution rate exceeded the 1 : 1,000,000 ratio 70% of the time at a distance of about 10 km from the port. This was also observed for 15% of the time within a band of 10 km wide along the shipping lane extending 500 km away from the port of Piraeus. When mortality of adult specimens of one of the species (copepod Acartia tonsa) was used as an endpoint it was found to be 3-4 orders of magnitude less sensitive to EGCS effluent than early life stage endpoints like fertilisation of eggs and larval development. Mortality of Acartia tonsa is commonly used in standard protocols for ecotoxicological studies, but our data hence shows that it seriously underestimates the ecologically relevant toxicity of the effluent. The same is true for two other commonly used and recommended endpoints, phytoplankton growth and inhibition of bioluminescence in marine bacteria. Significant toxic effects were reached only after addition of 20-40% effluent. A marine environmental risk assessment was performed for the Öresund region for baseline year 2018, where Predicted Environmental Concentrations (PECs) of open loop effluent discharge water were compared to the PNEC value. The results showed modelled concentrations of open loop effluent in large areas to be two to three orders of magnitude higher than the derived PNEC value, yielding a Risk Characterisation Ratio of 500-5000, which indicates significant environmental risk. Further, it should be noted that between 2018-2022 the number of EGCS vessels more than quadrupled in the area from 178 to 781. In this work, the EGCS discharges of the fleet in the Baltic Sea, North Sea, the English Channel, and the Mediterranean Sea area were studied in detail. The assessments of impacts described in this document were performed using a baseline year 2018 and future scenarios. These were made for the year 2050, based on different projections of transport volumes, also considering the fuel efficiency requirements and ship size developments. From the eight scenarios developed, two extremes were chosen for impact studies which illustrate the differences between a very high EGCS usage and a future without the need for EGCS while still compliant to IMO initial GHG strategy. The scenario without EGCS leads to 50% reduction of GHG emissions using low sulfur fuels, LNG, and methanol. For the high EGCS adoption scenario in 2050, about a third of the fleet sailing the studied sea areas would use EGCS and effluent discharge volumes would be increased tenfold for the Baltic Sea and hundredfold for the Mediterranean Sea when compared to 2018 baseline discharges. Some of the tested species, mainly the copepods, have a central position in pelagic food webs as they feed on phytoplankton and are themselves the main staple food for most fish larvae and for some species of adult fish, e.g., herring. The direct effect of the EGSE on invertebrates will therefore have an important indirect effect on the fish feeding on them. Effects are greatest in and near shipping lanes. Many important shipping lanes run close to shore and archipelago areas, and this also puts the sensitive shallow water coastal ecosystems at risk. It should be noted that no studies on sub-lethal effects of early 19 life stages in fish were included in the EMERGE project, nor are there any available data on this in the scientific literature. The direct toxic effects on fish at the expected concentrations of EGCS effluent are therefore largely unknown. According to the regional modelling studies, some of the contaminants will end up in sediments along the coastlines and archipelagos. The documentation of the complex chemical composition of EGCS effluent is in sharp contrast to the present legislation on threshold levels for content in EGCS effluent discharged from ships, which includes but a few PAHs, pH, and turbidity. Traditional assessments of PAHs in environmental and marine samples focus only on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) list of 16 priority PAHs, which includes only parent PAHs. Considering the complex PAHs assemblages and the importance of other related compounds, it is important to extend the EPA list to include alkyl-PAHs to obtain a representative monitoring of EGCS effluent and to assess the impact of its discharges into the marine environment. An economic evaluation of the installation and operational costs of EGCS was conducted noting the historical fuel price differences of high and low sulfur fuels. Equipment types, installation dates and annual fuel consumption from global simulations indicated that 51% of the global EGCS fleet had already reached break-even by the end of 2022, resulting in a summarised profit of 4.7 billion €2019. Within five years after the initial installation, more than 95% of the ships with open loop EGCS reach break-even. The pollutant loads from shipping come both through atmospheric deposition and direct discharges. This underlines the need of minimising the release of contaminants by using fuels which reduce the air emissions of harmful components without creating new pollution loads through discharges. Continued use of EGCS and high sulfur fossil fuels will delay the transition to more sustainable options. The investments made on EGCS enable ships to continue using fossil fuels instead of transitioning away from them as soon as possible as agreed in the 2023 Dubai Climate Change conference. Continued carriage of residual fuels also increases the risk of dire environmental consequences whenever accidental releases of oil to the sea occur.
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Bartolino, Valerio, Birgit Koehler, and Lena Bergström, eds. Climate effects on fish in Sweden : Species-Climate Information Sheets for 32 key taxa in marine and coastal waters. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.4lmlt1tq5j.

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The purpose of this publication is to summarize the state of knowledge on the effects of environmental variability and climate change for individual species and stocks based on literature review, giving species-climate information for 32 key taxa in Swedish marine and coastal waters. The report is written in English. The extent and scale of recent changes in climate due to global warming is unprecedented and causes increasing effects on ecosystems. In oceans, ongoing warming leads to, for example, increased water temperatures, decreased ice cover and effects on hydrology and water circulation patterns that can in turn influence salinity. The environmental alterations affect species distribution, biology, and hence also the delivery of marine ecosystem services and human well-being. The results of this review on the effects of environmental variability and climate change on marine taxa are presented as species-climate information sheets designed in a user-friendly format aimed to enhance accessibility for professionals spanning different fields and roles, including e.g. scientific experts, NGOs affiliates and managers. The species-climate information sheets presented here cover 32 key taxa selected among the economically and ecologically most important coastal and marine fish and crustacean species in Swedish waters. The species-wise evaluations show that climate change leads to a wide range of effects on fish, reflecting variations in their biology and physiological tolerances. The review also highlights important data and knowledge gaps for each species and life stage. Despite the high variability and prevailing uncertainties, some general patterns appeared. On a general level, most fish species in Swedish marine and coastal waters are not expected to benefit from climate change, and many risks are identified to their potential for recruitment, growth and development. Boreal, marine and cold-adapted species would be disadvantaged at Swedish latitudes. However, fish of freshwater origin adapted to warmer temperature regimes could benefit to some extent in the Baltic Sea under a warming climate. Freshwater fish could also be benefitted under further decreasing salinity in the surface water in the Baltic Sea. The resulting effects on species will not only depend on the physiological responses, but also on how the feeding conditions for fish, prey availability, the quality of essential fish habitats and many other factors will develop. A wide range of ecological factors decisive for the development of fish communities are also affected by climate change but have not been explored here, where we focused on the direct effects of warming. The sensitivity and resilience of the fish species to climate change will also depend on their present and future health and biological status. Populations exposed to prolonged and intense fishing exploitation, or affected by environmental deterioration will most likely have a lower capacity to cope with climate change effects over time. For both the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, it is important to ensure continued work to update and improve the species-climate information sheets as results from new research become available. It can also be expected that new important and relevant biological information and improved climate scenarios will emerge continuously. Continued work is therefore important to update and refine the species-climate information sheets, help filling in currently identified knowledge gaps, and extend to other species not included here. Moreover, there is need to integrate this type of species-level information into analyses of the effects of climate change at the level of communities and ecosystems to support timely mitigation and adaptation responses to the challenges of the climate change.
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Lenz, Mark. RV POSEIDON Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report POS536/Leg 1. GEOMAR, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/geomar_rep_ns_56_2020.

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DIPLANOAGAP: Distribution of Plastics in the North Atlantic Garbage Patch Ponta Delgada (Portugal) – Malaga (Spain) 17.08. – 12.09.2019 The expedition POS 536 is part of a multi-disciplinary research initiative of GEOMAR investigating the origin, transport and fate of plastic debris from estuaries to the oceanic garbage patches. The main focus will be on the vertical transfer of plastic debris from the surface and near-surface waters to the deep sea and on the processes that mediate this transport. The obtained data will help to develop quantitative models that provide information about the level of plastic pollution in the different compartments of the open ocean (surface, water column, seafloor). Furthermore, the effects of plastic debris on marine organisms in the open ocean will be assessed. The cruise will provide data about the: (1) abundance of plastic debris with a minimum size of 100 μm as well as the composition of polymer types in the water column at different depths from the sea surface to the seafloor including the sediment, (2) abundance and composition of plastic debris in organic aggregates (“marine snow”), (3) in pelagic and benthic organisms (invertebrates and fish) and in fecal pellets, (4) abundance and the identity of biofoulers (bacteria, protozoans and metazoans) on the surface of plastic debris from different water depths, (5) identification of chemical compounds (“additives”) in the plastic debris and in water samples.
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Geelhoed, Steve C. V., Nicole Janinhoff, Sander Lagerveld, Linn S. Lehnert, and Hans Verdaat. Marine mammal surveys in Dutch North Sea waters in 2017. Den Helder: Wageningen Marine Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/448322.

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Geelhoed, Steve C. V., Nicole Janinhoff, Samder Lagerveld, and Hans Verdaat. Marine mammal surveys in Dutch North Sea waters in 2018. Den Helder: Wageningen Marine Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/466280.

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Geelhoed, Steve C. V., Nicole Janinhoff, Sander Lagerveld, and Hans Verdaat. Marine mammal surveys in Dutch North Sea waters in 2019. Den Helder: Wageningen Marine Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/515228.

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Chriscoe, Mackenzie, Rowan Lockwood, Justin Tweet, and Vincent Santucci. Colonial National Historical Park: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2291851.

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Colonial National Historical Park (COLO) in eastern Virginia was established for its historical significance, but significant paleontological resources are also found within its boundaries. The bluffs around Yorktown are composed of sedimentary rocks and deposits of the Yorktown Formation, a marine unit deposited approximately 4.9 to 2.8 million years ago. When the Yorktown Formation was being deposited, the shallow seas were populated by many species of invertebrates, vertebrates, and micro-organisms which have left body fossils and trace fossils behind. Corals, bryozoans, bivalves, gastropods, scaphopods, worms, crabs, ostracodes, echinoids, sharks, bony fishes, whales, and others were abundant. People have long known about the fossils of the Yorktown area. Beginning in the British colonial era, fossiliferous deposits were used to make lime and construct roads, while more consolidated intervals furnished building stone. Large shells were used as plates and dippers. Collection of specimens for study began in the late 17th century, before they were even recognized as fossils. The oldest image of a fossil from North America is of a typical Yorktown Formation shell now known as Chesapecten jeffersonius, probably collected from the Yorktown area and very likely from within what is now COLO. Fossil shells were observed by participants of the 1781 siege of Yorktown, and the landmark known as “Cornwallis Cave” is carved into rock made of shell fragments. Scientific description of Yorktown Formation fossils began in the early 19th century. At least 25 fossil species have been named from specimens known to have been discovered within COLO boundaries, and at least another 96 have been named from specimens potentially discovered within COLO, but with insufficient locality information to be certain. At least a dozen external repositories and probably many more have fossils collected from lands now within COLO, but again limited locality information makes it difficult to be sure. This paleontological resource inventory is the first of its kind for Colonial National Historical Park (COLO). Although COLO fossils have been studied as part of the Northeast Coastal Barrier Network (NCBN; Tweet et al. 2014) and, to a lesser extent, as part of a thematic inventory of caves (Santucci et al. 2001), the park had not received a comprehensive paleontological inventory before this report. This inventory allows for a deeper understanding of the park’s paleontological resources and compiles information from historical papers as well as recently completed field work. In summer 2020, researchers went into the field and collected eight bulk samples from three different localities within COLO. These samples will be added to COLO’s museum collections, making their overall collection more robust. In the future, these samples may be used for educational purposes, both for the general public and for employees of the park.
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8

Shaw, J., and D. G. Lintern. Marine geology, geomorphology of Chatham Sound, British Columbia, parts of NTS 103-G, H, I, and J. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329405.

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This map depicts the geomorphology of the Chatham Sound area, British Columbia, and is based on bathymetry and backscatter data from multibeam sonar surveys, complemented by 3.5 kHz subbottom profiler data, grab samples, cores, and bottom photographs. The map encompasses three physiographic areas: 1) the easternmost portion of Dogfish Banks; 2) the north-south oriented Hecate trough; and 3) the maze of channels and inlets east of Hecate trough. The morphological and textural complexity reflects the underlying bedrock, glacial history, a complex pattern of postglacial relative sea-level change, and modern oceanographic processes. Hexactinellid sponge reefs are a significant component of the seafloor mosaic. The criteria for reef identification were positive relief, low backscatter strength, and acoustic transparency.
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Kerr, D. E. Reconnaissance surficial geology, Mara River, Nunavut, 76-K. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329667.

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The Mara River map area consists of extensive glacially and meltwater scoured bedrock, deposits of hummocky till, fluted till blanket, and till veneer throughout the map area, glaciofluvial sediments within major river valleys, and postglacial marine sediments in coastal lowlands. The boundaries of many till deposits were eroded to bedrock by proglacial and subglacial meltwater, and locally northwest-trending corridors are defined by eskers. Glacially dammed lakes, associated with deltas between 450 m and 230 m elevation, occupied some river valleys where retreating or stagnant ice impeded drainage to the east and north. Striations and streamlined landforms indicate a north-northwestward regional ice flow in the eastern and northern regions, diverging to a west-southwestward flow in the western regions. A series of glaciomarine and marine deltas, and fine-grained sediments record the marine incursion up to 200 m elevation. Isostatic rebound caused marine regression, forming deltas between 200 m and 60 m, and raised beaches from 150 m elevation to current sea level.
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10

Slater, Anne-Michelle. Passport to the oceans of the future: delivering marine energy with science linked to policy. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.23980.

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In February 2021, a group from MASTS, Environmental Interactions of Marine Renewables (EIMR) and Marine Scotland began exploring options for a joint event on marine energy science and policy development. The original concept was to bridge the gap between events that each group would normally arrange ‘in person’ and the virtual world in which we were all currently existing. Encouraged by the online support and experience available from MASTS, a steering group decided to arrange a workshop. In order to straddle our interests, the starting point was the capacity of the North Sea to deliver renewable energy. We wanted to include emerging science and the timing of the review of Scotland’s National Marine Plan provided an excellent context. We sought to deliver a wide range of content but encourage participant conversation. We aimed for a range of speakers delivering 7-minute recorded talks. Talks included findings from funded research, ongoing projects, and some emerging thinking across the science policy interface for marine planning. Marine energy was interpreted in the widest of senses, but the main focus was on offshore wind in UK waters, with particular detail about Scotland.
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