Journal articles on the topic 'Marine Economic conception of Ukraine'
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1
Shurda, Kseneya. "FEATURES OF MARINE ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: CLASSIFICATION AND TYPES IN THE CONTEXT OF MARINE NATURE-EXPLOITATION." Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development, no. 10(29) (2021): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37100/2616-7689.2021.10(29).5.
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The purpose of marine economic activities is to obtain economic, social, scientific, political, military and other types of effect to ensure sustainable development of Ukraine. The article discusses the characteristic features of marine economic activities, substantiates the need to clarify the widely used concept of "marine activity", given in the "Marine Doctrine of Ukraine for the period up to 2035", offers a more correct interpretation of this concept. The necessity of coordinating the actions of the entities operating in the sea space and in the coastal zone, which carry out various types of marine economic activity, is proved, possible types of marine economic activity are given. It is proposed to use the National Classifier of Ukraine "Classification of Economic Activities Types" to create a classification scheme for types of marine economic activities. The advantages and disadvantages of its application are presented, as well as the possibility of forming on its basis a detailed classification of types marine economic activity. The necessity of integrated management of marine economic activity is substantiated in order to remove existing and prevent future contradictions, as well as to coordinate the actions of economic entities. It is shown that integrated management will fully ensure the rational use of the marine environment, its resources and sustainable development of seaside regions. Particular attention in the article is paid to the issues of ecologization of the marine economic complex on the basis of the inclusion an ecological factor in the financial-economic relations of marine economic activity and the stimulation of the rational use of marine resources. The priority tasks for the construction of an economic mechanism for marine nature-exploitation have been formulated, taking into account the peculiarities of the development the seaside regions of Ukraine, the national marine policy and types of marine activities. A system of tools is presented, which are the basis for the formation of an economic-ecological mechanism of marine nature-exploitation.
2
Savchyn, I. Z. "The Impact of Barriers on the Disproportionate Regional Development: A Review and Analysis." Business Inform 4, no. 519 (2021): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-4-82-90.
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The article is aimed at distinguishing and analyzing the barriers to economic development of Ukraine, forming a theoretical basis for the implementation of a convergent development strategy in order to overcome them in both the short and the long term. The article analyzes the impact of barriers on the disproportionate development of regions, which, in turn, has negative consequences for the convergent development of regions. The author structured groups of barriers to economic development of the regions of Ukraine and provided their characterizations. The barriers are defined as those most easy to overcome and those overcoming which is difficult even in the long run. In the course of the research, the most important barriers as to the development of regions are distinguished, namely: arising from resource shortages; socio-political and cultural; related to planning; organizational and institutional; related to current management; related to monitoring and control. The author presents the conception of convergent economic development, directed, in particular, towards overcoming the extant barriers that slow down the development of regions. The relevance of a more detailed research of the development of regions of Ukraine within the framework of a single conception of convergence to unify the approach to overcoming the impact of barriers on the disproportionate development of regions is substantiated. It is proved that the conception of convergent development of regions is a holistic idea of the equilibrium development of regions, which includes a set of subjects and objects of regional development, a system of agreed goals and means of their achievement aimed at balancing and coordinating the development indicators and overcoming barriers. It is determined that the prerequisite for the effective implementation of the conception of convergent development of the regions of Ukraine is their adaptability – that is, the ability to respond to new requirements and opportunities arising from innovative upgrades of technology, innovations, modernization in management. The author also proves that there is a need to limit the scale of disparities in the economic development of regions by leveling the development barriers, which constitutes one of the main tasks of regional policy.
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Stryzhak, Olena, Olena Akhmedova, and Maria Aldoshyna. "The Prospects of the marine and coastal tourism development in Ukraine." E3S Web of Conferences 153 (2020): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015303009.
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The state of the marine and coastal tourism development in Ukraine has been analysed. It has been substantiated that in Ukraine marine tourism has significant potential for the development. In this context, the paper objective is to identify the problems of marine and coastal tourism in Ukraine and to develop the directions of their solutions. In the paper, the social, economic, political, ecological and institutional problems of the marine and coastal tourism development have been defined. The justification of stimulants and restraints of the marine and coastal tourism development in Ukraine have been also considered. The authors of the article have developed and proposed a conceptual model of the marine and coastal tourism development in the context of the sustainable development strategy using the methodology of structural analysis and SADT design. The proposed model takes into account the specifics of the Ukrainian conditions.
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Tomaszewski, P. "THE THREE SEAS INITIATIVE AS AN ELEMENT OF A STABILIZATION SYSTEM IN EASTERN AND MIDDLE EUROPE. BETWEEN THE POLITICAL CONCEPTION ITSELF AND THE POLITICAL PRACTICE." Actual Problems of International Relations, no. 140 (2019): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2019.140.1.28-35.
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The purpose of the present paper is to demonstrate the conception of the cooperation in Eastern-Middle Europe which took into effect with the considerable participation of Poland, with the conception in question being referred to as “Three Seas Initiative”. The said Initiative aims at expanding the infrastructural, economic, energy-related as well as scientific and cultural cooperation among 12 states. The development of the abovementioned initiative seems to be vitally important for Ukraine as well as for the countries that are neighbors of the EU in terms of provisioning of their political and economic independence. Moreover, the strengthening of bilateral cooperation within the ranks of this initiative inevitably increases chances for the admission of Ukraine to the EU. The further cooperation “Three Seas Initiative” shall be considered the connecting link between the states and be regarded as a key direction for the political efforts of a respected governmental bodies of participating counties. Key words: Three Seas Initiative, energy sector, digital communication, Middle-Eastern Europe, geopolitics Poland.
5
Zatonatska, T. G., and A. V. Stavytskyy. "The influence of budget policy on economic security and socio-economic development in the Ukraine." Ekonomika 85 (January 30, 2009): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2009.0.5121.
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The consolidation of economic security of the state, its protection against all external threats should become one of the main directions in the realization of budget expenses in short-term and in long-term prospects. According to this conception, budget expenses are to finance top-priority components of economic security.Some theoretical and methodological approaches concerning the analysis of the influence of budget instruments on parameters of economic security and socio-economic development of the country are suggested.For conducting this investigation, certain econometric models with the best functional forms have been selected and analysed. The most important instruments in budget policy such as state buying, expenses for fundamental investigations, expenses for economic development and expenses for social sphere have been considered under the condition of the Ukrainian economy. The influence of budget instruments on certain parameters that characterize the economic security of the state has been worked out in detail. As a result of the investigation, the main threats for the Ukrainian economic security have been formulated and the ways out have been proposed.The authors state that in the process of the investigation almost all budget instruments have a positive influence on the level of Ukrainian economic security, they stimulate economic development and increasing of social living standards of the population.
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Poyda-Nosyk, N. N., R. Y. Bacho, G. F. Pataki, and V. K. Makarovych. "The Conceptual Principles for Ensuring the Financial Security of Joint Stock Companies in Ukraine." Business Inform 8, no. 523 (2021): 162–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-8-162-172.
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The article is aimed at defining the conceptual principles for the development of a system for ensuring the financial security of joint stock companies (JSC) in Ukraine, which will contribute to increasing the level of capitalization and security of both listing companies and the stock market as a whole. The theoretical and methodological basis are fundamental provisions of both economic and institutional theory, security theory, system analysis using such general scientific methods of cognition of economic phenomena and processes as theoretical generalization, synthesis, induction, and deduction. The article substantiates the theoretical and methodological bases for the development of conceptual principles of the system of ensuring the financial security of joint stock companies in Ukraine. In order to research the implementation of the State’s approaches to ensuring the national financial security and the capital markets development, strategic documents in Ukraine were analyzed and an inconsistency between target indicators and formulations of strategic goals were determined. A complex of hypotheses is formed and proved, approaches and principles of the conception of forming a system for ensuring the financial security of joint stock companies are substantiated, taking into account the peculiarities of the State regulation of the financial security sphere. The developed conception is based on a new scientific approach to searching ways to improve the financial security system of joint stock companies in Ukraine. It can be concluded that implementation of the proposed conceptual bases will allow the achievement of the expected results, strengthen the financial security of JSC, make them more resistant against system crises, and create a stable basis for their long-term development.
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Shults, S. L., and O. M. Lutskiv. "Priorities and Risks in the Implementation of Regional Smart-Oriented Economic Policy." Business Inform 9, no. 524 (2021): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-9-73-79.
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The article discusses the economic essence of smart specialization. The European experience of applying the conception of «smart specialization» in strategic management is studied. The main components of the conception of «start-specialization» are considered. The directions of influence of start-specialization on increase of innovative activity and competitiveness of the territory are examined. The major problems, the solution of which start-specialization is aimed at, are identified. The emphasis is placed on the fact that smart specialization sets out not as much stimulating innovations, as activating the long-term structural changes in the region’s economy and be aimed at identifying strengths and developing competitive advantages of regions based on the extant structure of the regional economy. The need to introduce the conception of smart specialization in the sphere of implementation of regional economic policy in Ukraine is substantiated. The main goals, principles, priorities and risks of implementation of regional start-oriented policy are researched. It is noted that the implementation of the start-oriented regional policy, as a model of structural changes, will expand the opportunities for denfining and directly supporting priority types of economic activity for certain regions, which will increase their competitive advantages and contribute to the structural diversification of the economy on an innovative basis. Considerable attention is paid to the study of the main barriers to the implementation of smart specialization, the directions of their leveling are proposed. Attention is accentuated on the need to apply an integrated approach to the development of the regions of Ukraine, which provides for the mutual coordination of various policies implemented by the State and regions (economic, structural, industrial, innovative, foreign economic, etc.) and stakeholder activities in this process. An integrated approach to modern regional policy will ensure strategic planning of socio-economic development of region. Implementation of start-specialization priorities will facilitate the growth of the share of high-tech types of economic activity within the structure of the regional economy. The main instrument for the implementation of this direction of reforms should be regional strategies, the effectiveness of which will ensure the transition from prioritization to the implementation of specific projects.
8
IARMOLOVYCH, D. Yu. "AGENCY SERVICES FOR MARINE VESSELS: INSTRUMENTS OF ECONOMIC SCIENCE AND PRACTICE." Economic innovations 20, no. 2(67) (June 20, 2018): 210–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.2(67).210-221.
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Topicality. Actuality of the problem of determining the boundaries of agency activity. Identification of the features of its activities. Creation of a favorable climate for the agency market in Ukraine, which will allow the country to occupy the appropriate place in the world transport market of labor distribution. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical, methodological and practical proposals for the market of maritime agency, which will allow to approve the status of the country as a naval state and increase the profitability of this entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine. Research results. The essence of the category of maritime agent as a representative and assistant of the shipowner acting on behalf and at the expense of the latter in accordance with the powers based on the law or agreement, in all cases of the shipowner of a commercial and administrative nature, which is related to the sea transportation of goods or of passengers And also the essence of clandestine commercial mediation and agency activities, taking into account existing legislative acts. Yes, there are signs of what this business is doing; the subject of agency activity is the provision of services; agency services are provided exclusively to business entities and exclusively in economic activities, and that services are provided through mediation carried out on behalf of, in the interest, under the control and at the expense of the entity represented. The examples of contact work of the marine agent are given. The article gives a classification of marine agents on various grounds. Separate types of agency companies that provide the appropriate level of completeness and quality of agency services that fall under their responsibilities. Conclusions. Thus, the existence of an entrepreneurial activity in the agency of seagoing vessels is a special, independent form of agency activity based on the exercise of representative functions for the performance of the duties of the shipowner in accordance with the customs of the port of departure of the ship, its maintenance there and protection of the interests of the shipowner in respect of any circumstances that arise in this regard, and in no case can be attributed to mediation.
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Uzhva, Alla. "COMPLEX DIAGNOSTICS OF ECONOMIC CONSTITUENT OF STEADY DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT." Economic Analysis, no. 27(3) (2017): 228–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2017.03.228.
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Introduction. In modern conditions concept of sustainable development is the new strategic administrative approach to the functioning of subjects of agriculture. An economic constituent, which is based on the theory of maximal stream of total income, foresees the optimal use of the limited resources with the purpose of effective production of competitive agricultural goods. Purpose. The article aims to carry out the analysis of indexes of economic constituent of steady development of agriculture in different regions of Ukraine. The method (methodology). In the process of research we have used the following methods: method of comparison, method of analysis, method of theoretical and logical generalization. The dialectical method of research has become the methodological basis of the study. Results. The author has analysed the dynamics of production of gross goods of agriculture volumes in agricultural enterprises on the whole and in calculation on 100 hectares of agricultural lands. The ratings of increase and place of every administrative and territorial unit of Ukraine have been determined. The analytical estimation of level of profitability of production of agricultural goods has been carried out in enterprises. The indexes which characterize an investment climate in agriculture of Ukraine have been defined. The results of analysis of economic constituent at the lineation of prospects of development of domestic agricultural enterprises from position of conception of steady development will allow to form the effective instruments of their functioning.
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Kudrytska, Natalia. "Marine infrastructure of Ukraine in the rating of the world countries: current state and prospects." University Economic Bulletin, no. 45 (May 27, 2020): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2020-45-151-157.
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The article is devoted to the problem of determining the main directions of the formation of a competitive marine infrastructure of Ukraine, the relevance of which is confirmed in the Strategy for the Development of Sea Ports of Ukraine for the period up to 2038 Marine Doctrine of Ukraine for the period up to 2035. Many scientific works of foreign and domestic scientists are devoted to the problems of increasing the competitiveness of marine infrastructure. However, it is worth noting the lack of domestic work on the problems of the development of maritime and river transport in the current economic conditions, which are characterized by the growth of globalization and integration processes. Тhe purpose of the article is to assess the position of Ukraine in the ranking of countries of the world in terms of the development of maritime transport and the definition of strategic measures for the formation of a competitive national maritime infrastructure. The author provides an overview of the state and forecast of the development of shipping in the world. The advantages of transporting goods by sea are formulated, which determine its competitiveness. The positions of Ukraine in the ranking of countries of the world in the number of ships of the marine merchant fleet and the length of waterways are determined. The characteristic of the largest world alliances in the container shipping market by sea is given. The article emphasizes the problem of the uncertain prospects for the development of shipping, which is due to a combination of geopolitical and economic risks, which is associated with trade policy, structural changes in the global economy, changes in the global energy balance, and the spread of digital technologies. Ukraine has significant potential to develop cargo and passenger transportation by river and sea. Among the former CIS countries, it ranks third in the ratings after Russia and Belarus. However, in order to improve the rating and competitiveness of our country in the international market for the provision of water transport services, a number of measures need to be taken in terms of improving safety, introducing innovative technologies, improving tariff policy, and reforming governance.
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Калінеску, Тетяна Василівна. "РОЗВИТОК СТРАХОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ УКРАЇНИ В НЕСТАБІЛЬНОМУ СОЦІАЛЬНО -ЕКОНОМІЧНОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ." TIME DESCRIPTION OF ECONOMIC REFORMS, no. 1 (May 5, 2020): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/cher.2020.1.05.
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Formulation of the problem. In the article are brought the authorial approaches in relation to development of the Ukraine insurance system and complete opening its internal potential. The aim of the article are exposures of factors, that stimulate insurance market development, assist realization of effective socio - economic relations in a country and forming of priorities the insurance market development in an unstable external and internal environment. Methodological basis of research became the methods and principles of scientific cognition, general and special methods, receptions that used for the evaluation of factors swim on the effective functioning of the insurance system of Ukraine. The basic hypothesis of research became the supposition in relation to certain positive changes in the insurance system with take to attention and tuning to the requirements of national and global economy. Statement of the main material. Underline, that in the conditions of unstable socio -economic environment the level of insurance market development depends on changes that it takes place in a country and rates of increase or deceleration of national economy. It is well - proven that the evaluation of braking or stimulation of development the insurance system appropriately to conduct after global, political, financially -economic, social and informatively -technological factors that determine the different aspects of effective insurance activity and stability of national economy. Originality and practical meaningfulness of research. The used theoretically -methodological approaches to forming of conception the development of the insurance system have the practical applied to all industries of national economy, is original, from the point of view their using in the conditions of unstable socio -economic environment. Conclusions and prospects of further researches. The offered conception of development the insurance system allows complex to estimate tendencies and changes that take place within the framework of reforms in insurance and to determine the further reference -points the development of Ukraine insurance market in a changeable socio -economic environment. Further researches will be directed to insurance coverage of stability the national economy in the conditions of system currency vibrations, that influences on the tax and budget policy of the state and strategy of further development of its economy.
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Yemelianov, Volodymyr O. "THE OCEAN. CONCEPTUAL BASES OF DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR MARINE SCIENCES AND INNOVATIONS IN UKRAINE." Visnik Nacional'noi' academii' nauk Ukrai'ni, no. 10 (October 20, 2020): 82–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/visn2020.10.082.
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The rapid development of marine sciences and innovations in the world leads to the increasing use of their fundamental and applied results, including sea-related technologies, in virtually all spheres of human existence. In the public policy of developed maritime countries, researches and developments aimed at better understanding the role of the world ocean and the possibilities of its use to address socio-economic and security challenges have long been among the highest priorities. Analyzing the basic problems of organization and functioning of domestic maritime scientific and innovative activities, the author notes that further delay in developing a strategy for such activities may not only lead to the final loss of maritime status by our country, but also complicate prospects for further socio-economic development and weaken the system of national security. The article proposes the conceptual foundations of the strategy for the development of marine scientific and innovative activities in Ukraine.
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Shmalii, N. A. "Formation of Innovative Competitive Advantages of the Road Economy Enterprises in the Context of Strategic Changes." Business Inform 10, no. 525 (2021): 188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-10-188-193.
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The article is devoted to the study of innovative competitive advantages of the road economy enterprises in the context of strategic changes. Based on the analysis of types of economic activity by the technological sectors, it is determined that the construction and reconstruction of roads is classified as a low-tech sector of the economy, which leads to a slow pace of development of innovativeness of competitive advantages of the road economy enterprises. At the same time, the analysis of the dynamics of budget funds to finance the construction, reconstruction and repair of roads of national importance demonstrates the potential for the formation of innovative competitive advantages. Under such conditions, the conception of open innovations becomes especially relevant. According to the results of the study, it is defined that the conception of open innovations in Ukraine can be implemented through the creation of information platforms along with provision of reference and information resources. As an instrumentarium for the implementation of the conception of open innovations in the road industry in Ukraine, it is proposed to consider the following: web portal «Innovations in the road industry»; database of information and analytical system on the projected and constructed analogue objects; thematic plan of research and development works of the State Agency of Automobile Roads of Ukraine and analysis of trends in the world innovative development of road construction. It is specified that for the development of competitive advantages of road economy enterprises in the context of strategic changes, it is necessary to constantly focus on improving construction processes, applying innovative technologies and innovative materials. This approach will allow road economy enterprises to make economically sound business decisions when choosing innovative technologies and materials for implementation.
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Sadchenko, E. V. "THEORETICAL BASICS OF MARKETING MARINE NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT." Economic innovations 19, no. 2(64) (July 7, 2017): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.2(64).273-281.
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The article examines the main marketing approaches to the management of marketing activities on the basis of improving the economic and environmental cadastral mechanism. Inventories are described as a form of integrated presentation of information on specific natural resources and their rational economic use. The principles of conducting the marine economic-ecological cadastre are considered. Eco-marketing directions that allow the complex use of data from several cadastres that are important in developing plans for the economic, ecological and social development of the marine complex. The question of the concept of cadastre objects has a certain theoretical and great practical significance. From its correct decision depends the breadth of the factors that are subject to regulatory and legal regulation in the process of developing and maintaining the cadastre, the competence of government bodies that perform cadastral functions. The effectiveness of the legal regulation of marine cadastres is dependent on the structural and functional organization of state bodies of Ukraine, leading the cadastre, their law enforcement activities, the speed with which they comply with the established procedure for conducting marine economic and environmental cadastres. The concept of the formation of marine economic and environmental cadastres and potentials is aimed at improving the ecological situation in coastal areas, improving the living conditions of the population in the coastal zone, and meeting the needs of the population in high-quality ecologically safe marine resources. Eco-marketing activities in cadastre management open up wide opportunities in the field of legal regulation of relations on on-farm use and protection of marine resources.
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Balobanov, O., and A. Palchenko. "Main measures and protection of the marine environment against pollution provided by international and national legislation of Ukraine." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 68 (March 24, 2022): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.68.44.
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The article is devoted to the study of the norms of current international and national legislation in the field of prevention of marine pollution in the context of the definition and application of measures to prevent pollution of the marine environment. The study solves such problems as determining the problem of the current state of marine pollution; study of international legal and national legislation of Ukraine on the protection of the marine environment; and finding further directions for the development of environmental safety policy at sea. The research is based on a set of general scientific and special methods of cognition, the application of which is carried out within a systematic approach. Marine pollution in Ukraine, as in most countries around the world, is currently considered one of the most important economic and social problems. One of the important components of international environmental security is the prevention of marine pollution, which can only be achieved through a combination of efforts of each state at the national level and the international community as a whole. The relevance of the study in the article is due to the lack of systematic and comprehensive study of current issues of international legal responsibility for marine pollution. This problem is exacerbated by the lack of a systematic international treaty or treaties that would regulate international legal relations related to the implementation of such responsibilities. The main measures and protection of the marine environment from pollution, analysis of the legal consequences of marine pollution and the substantive development of international law, and compliance with the level of their implementation in the legislation of Ukraine.
The article examines and analyzes the norms of current international and national legislation in the field of prevention of marine pollution in the context of defining and applying measures to prevent pollution of the marine environment.
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Kustrich, L. А., and M. O. Gomeniuk. "Logistics and Innovation: Conception, Management Strategy and Interaction." Business Inform 1, no. 516 (2021): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-1-89-96.
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Innovation is a major factor in the future development of humanity in general and the economy in particular. Ukrainian economy is currently going through a difficult period, which requires the search for innovative ways out of this situation. One of the possible ways to solve this problem is to build an innovative logistics strategy. The article examines the conceptual foundations of innovative and logistical activities in Ukraine. The essence and significance of the logistical approach in the activities of enterprises are defined. It is noted that the essence of the logistical approach is the integration of individual links of the commodity chain into a single system that will ensure the most effective management of the continuous material flows. The relationship of logistics with innovative activity of enterprises is identified. The place of logistical approach to management of innovative activity of enterprise is determined. Management aspects of innovation and logistics development are researched. It is specified that in conditions of openness of implementation of innovative processes, those enterprises that can quickly implement an innovative idea do gain a competitive advantage. The basic components of the conception of innovation logistics are outlined. The main provisions of the logistic conception in the development and management of innovative activities of enterprises are distinguished. It is summarized that innovative activity on the basis of logistics forms an effective mechanism for innovative management of enterprises. The use of a logistical approach to the management of innovative activities contributes to the achievement of the goal and strategic targets of the enterprise, in particular, with its implementation, the efficiency of economic, financial, economic and sales activities increases; the target audience is expanding, resulting in an increased demand for products (goods) and services; profit increases; competitive positions in the market are strengthened.
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Tuchkovenko, Yu S., B. H. Aleksandrov, O. R. Andrianova, M. F. Golodov, V. M. Komorin, O. S. Matyhin, G. G. Minicheva, and Yu I. Popov. "Odessa Scientific Cluster for oceanographic research: current state and prospects." Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, no. 19 (October 29, 2017): 106–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.19.2017.12.
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The paper presents an overview of the current state and prospects for development of oceanographic research that is performed at specialized institutions being the constituents of Odessa Scientific Cluster: The Ukrainian Scientific Center of Ecology of the Sea, the Institute of Marine Biology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the Odessa Area Branch of State Hydrographic Service of Ukraine, the Black and Azov Seas Center for Hydrometeorology, the Odessa State Environmental University and the Hydroacoustics Department of the S. I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The priority tasks in the field of Oceanology, defined at the First All-Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Congress having being held in Odessa on 22-23 March 2017 are formulated. It is concluded that after Ukraine had lost the Crimean Scientific Oceanographic Cluster, the Odessa Cluster remained the only center in Ukraine which structural units had practical experience in marine research, scientific potential, scientific and methodological developments, an infrastructure for implementation of the tasks of the Maritime Doctrine of Ukraine for the period of up to 2035 as regards the issues related to oceanographic support for the maritime economic activity and sustainable development of Ukraine as a maritime nation. However, a necessary precondition for this is enhancement of the system for organization of oceanographic research at the state level and proper resource support for development of the scientific and technical potential.
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Borshchevska, Olena, Eduard Kuznetsov, and Sergiy Stepanov. "WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE POTENTIAL OF STATE IN THE MARINE ECONOMIC COMPLEX: ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 4, no. 4 (September 2018): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2018-4-4-62-68.
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At present, issues of assessing the impact of economic activity on the environment as an integral part of the country’s economic development are becoming more and more relevant. Environmental problems of the development of a marine economy complex may restrain the development of the economic potential of the state. Moreover, the dynamic development of the state’s economy is possible only when economic entities adhere to the norms of an ecological nature. In this regard, the problem of assessing the impact on the environment, in particular, in the maritime complex in the projection of the economic component of development, as well as in this sense and the rational use of natural resources, is of paramount importance. The environmental tension is most often due to the placement of powerful chemical and petrochemical industries in the area of the maritime complex. In some areas, the level of environmental pollution is quite high due to the location of large facilities in the electric power industry (thermal and nuclear power plants). The economic component of the environmental impact assessment of the maritime complex is that one and the same natural resource is most often used by the economic entities of several countries. Therefore, the assessment of the impact on the environment and the achievement of a balanced distribution of ecological and economic benefits for the rational use of natural resources, especially in the maritime complex, are today of great relevance. The purpose of the article is to analyse the problems of ecological and economic orientation in the maritime complex and, on the basis of generalization of such problems, to provide recommendations on systematization of measures for the comprehensive rational development of economic relations, taking into account the features of the coastal zone and the marine economic complex. Methodology. Analytical market reviews, materials of periodicals, resources of the Internet are the informational and methodological basis of the investigation. To achieve the goal set, the following general scientific and special methods were used: economic and mathematical methods, structural-logical analysis, analogy, synthesis, comparison and integration, factor analysis. Result. The system of measures of an economic and legal nature, which should be taken into account for successful and rational use of the marine economic complex in economic activity, is substantiated. Problematic aspects and directions of their elimination are determined. The proposed model of the ecological and economic system of the maritime complex acquires a special significance in the context of the supranational task of developing measures for optimizing and rational use of natural resources on a global scale. The directions of the reform of the legal framework are considered. Practical value. The system of measures of economic and legal character and their individual types can be applied for optimization and rational use of marine (water) resources, taking into account the peculiarities of economic development and the state of the marine-economic complex in Ukraine and in other states. Value/originality. Most scientific works are devoted to the consideration of theoretical aspects of ecologicaleconomic systems, namely, the refinement of the essence of this instrument as a form of modern financial and economic dynamics. A part of the work is devoted to the consideration of the common features and national peculiarities of ecological and economic systems in individual countries and regions. The authors consider the issues of elaboration of measures for the optimization of economic activity, which combines the abovementioned aspects with the peculiarities of the formation of ecological-economic systems in the marine faring complex. It is also important to take into account the impact of planned legislative reforms on the development of economic activity in the marine faring complex of Ukraine. The account of the peculiarities of the maritime complex in the framework of the national economy allowed developing directions for its further development.
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Hechter, Michael. "Internal Colonialism, Alien Rule, and Famine in Ireland and Ukraine." East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies 8, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21226/ewjus642.
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The Irish famine of the mid nineteenth century and the Ukrainian famine of the twentieth century have been the subject of large and quite contentious literatures. Whereas many popular explanations of the Irish famine attribute it to the English government’s infatuation with laissez-faire economic doctrines, by contrast the Ukrainian famine has often been ascribed to Stalin’s resentment of Ukraine’s resistance to the Soviet revolution. This essay suggests that despite their many differences, during these years both Ireland and Ukraine can be considered to have been internal colonies of their respective empires. The key implication of this conception is that these appalling famines arose from a common underlying cause: namely, the inferior political status of these regions relative to that of the core regions of these states. One of the defining characteristics of internal colonies is that they often suffer from alien rule. Alien rulers are typically indifferent to the welfare of the residents of the culturally distinctive regions within their borders. Due to this indifference, both the British and Soviet central rulers cast a blind eye to the fate of the Irish and Ukrainian peasants.
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Zagorodniuk, S. "Preventive measures to ensure the sea fishing regime." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 68 (March 24, 2022): 216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.68.37.
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Marine areas that contain living resources are subject to international protection; their species, one of which is the maritime economic zone, have a special legal status: they can be marine - fishing and territorial areas of general
purpose. The legislation of Ukraine actualizes the problem of environmental protection, creation of conditions of inviolability of law enforcement activity of a set of norms of various branches of law.
The general causes and conditions of environmental crime are in the system of contradictions that arise from the interaction of man, society and nature. Their essence is that society, being part of the biosphere, resists the ecosystem due to limited opportunities for nature.
The growth of environmental crime is facilitated by the shortcomings of current legislation and its protection by relevant government agencies, the lack of mechanisms for its effective implementation.
Within the zones of general definition, the laws of Ukraine apply to all offenses. Such a zone is recognized as the territory of the respective state and the laws apply to persons who have committed the relevant offenses. In this case, there may be peculiarities in the application of laws that contain a blanket disposition. An example is environmental offenses, the responsibility for which is based on other regulations. In the conditions of such zones, the corresponding normative acts have specifics which distinguish their application in the territory of other states.
Within the exclusive (marine) economic zone, coastal states have the right to carry out exploration, development, management of natural resources, to exercise jurisdiction over the conservation of the marine environment, to conduct marine research
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Hurnyak, Ihor, and Aleksandra Kordonska. "Mechanisms of Effective Governance and Cooperation: Comparative Analysis of the European States." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 12, no. 1 (September 24, 2021): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.6463.
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The research performs an attempt to adapt accumulated approaches of the Institutional Economics to the application of the Coase theorem in public administration. Governance is mainly analyzed in the field of political science, while transactional costs definitely serve to the economic surveys. Solving the problem of social costs, Coase theorem revealed a conception of property rights as the outcome of mere contracting in independent exchanges. This conception is applicable for analyzing a wide range of issues, including externalities related to the use of assets and public goods. The article contains a brief characteristic of the self-governance in European states. The results of comparative analysis of the local governance in European region became a basis for proposing a series of transformation tools for Ukraine and neighboring states in this field. Obtained results of statistical modeling and payoff matrix of Nash equilibrium clearly confirm the validity of the Coase theorem for interpretation of the interaction between local self-governance and government institutions.
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Марінічева, К. В., Д. О. Зубрицький, and Л. В. Пчелінська. "Аналітичний стан нормативно-правової бази України щодо морських ссавців." Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії, no. 4 (December 28, 2018): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31210/visnyk2018.04.23.
Full textAbstract:
Наведено аналі стану нормативно-правової бази України щодо морських ссавців. Розглядається, для порівняння, нормативно-правова база щодо морських ссавців зарубіжних країн. Передові країни світу активно використовують морських ссавців в інтересах своїх флотів, а також у приватних дельфінаріях-океанаріумах для еколого-просвітницької діяльності і шоу-програм. Морські ссавці в Україні охороняються законом та є об`єктом моніторингу з метою виявлення основних причин загибелі, стану здоров’я, проблем відтворення. Актуальність теми обґрунтована тим, що існуючий контроль незаконного або випадкового видобутку, загибелі морських тварин в Україні недостатній. Надаються висновки та пропозиції для врегулювання проблематичних питань охорони і збереження морських ссавців Чорного моря.
The study and analysis of the state of the legislative base of Ukraine concerning marine mammals is conducted in this article. The regulatory-legal base as to marine mammals in foreign countries is considered for comparison. The world's leading countries are actively using marine mammals for their fleets, as well as private dolphinariums-oceanariums for ecological-educational activities and show programs. Marine mammals in Ukraine are protected by law and they are the object of monitoring in order to identify the main causes of death, health condition, and reproduction problems. The urgency of the topic is based on the fact that the existing control of illegal or accidental extraction, the death of marine animals in Ukraine is insufficient. Every year a large number of marine mammals (dolphins) die from fishing nets of poachers, under screws bolts of various floating crafts and other kinds of human economic activities (catching fish and seafood, mineral resources, etc.).
The introduction of moratorium on the cetaceans’ catching in the Black Sea and Azov Sea for any purpose was due to the deterioration of the situation of protecting marine mammals that are under the danger of extinction. The problem of the mass death of marine mammals is catastrophic.
The conclusions and suggestions for solving problematic issues of protecting and preserving marine mammals of the Black Sea are presented.
The prospective direction of further research is indicated – the organization of monitoring marine mammals in the system of state ecological monitoring (collecting the data on spreading, including the registration of mammals, cast ashore).
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Begma, Vitaliу, Volodymyr Shemаyev, Denis Radov, and Polina Tolok. "PRIORITY DIRECTIONS OF ECONOMIC COOPERATION BETWEEN UKRAINE AND THE USA IN THE HIGH-TECH SPHERE." Strategic Panorama, no. 1-2 (December 7, 2021): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53679/2616-9460.1-2.2021.08.
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Ukraine’s international economic cooperation with other countries is becoming a determining factor in providing national security, in particular, in the political, military and economic spheres. This is manifested in such areas as the equipping of the Armed Forces and other components, the implementation of national weapons production projects and the export of Ukrainian weapons.
The Russian Federation's aggression against Ukraine in 2014 led not only to the cessation of Ukrainian-Russian high-technical cooperation, but also transformed Russia from a competitor in the market of weapons of mass destruction into an overt enemy of the Ukrainian state, which compelled Ukraine to start looking for a new model of behavior in the market.
Given that both Ukraine and the Russian Federation operate largely in the same segment the weapons market, Ukraine would be able to move from this segment dominated by our main competitor only with the support of our strategic partners and international sanctions policy against the RF because of its aggression against Ukraine.
The possibility of using high-technical cooperation between Ukraine and the USA as an instrument of displacement of the Russian Federation from the world market of weapons-equipped vehicles is substantiated. It is proved that US interest in the implementation of sanctions imposed by the Russian Federation and the prevention of Russian weapons in the zone of conflict through third countries can be a powerful impetus for the development of Ukrainian-American cooperation in the high-tech sphere.
Cooperation in traditional industries such as transport aircraft building, marine shipbuilding and turbine construction, rocket engineering, which are predominantly state-owned and not traded on stock markets, requires additional attention from the state to attract US investment and assistance. Variants of development of these basic branches industries have been addressed in numerous research papers.
At the same time, other areas of cooperation deserve a greater attention. Priority, in our opinion, should be given to strategic materials for manufacturing and energy sector; electronics and communications industry.
The article discusses ways to enhance military technology cooperation in a manner that would better reflect both parties’ strategic interests and argues that a deeper understanding of these interests will help attract investment into the domestic industrial sector.
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Hohol, Tetiana, and Ulyana Nedilska. "The Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Rural Areas of Ukraine: The Governance Challenge." Grassroots Journal of Natural Resources 04, no. 04 (December 31, 2021): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33002/nr2581.6853.040406.
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This article describes the evolution of the regulatory framework for sustainable development in Ukraine based on ratified international treaties and supports the formation of an appropriate legal framework and State policy. The formation of regulatory mechanisms for sustainable developmental goals in Ukraine are aimed at strengthening and ensuring the fair implementation of the citizen’ rights as guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine. It also relates to the property rights of the Ukrainian people to land, its bowels, atmospheric air, water and other natural resources within the territory, the natural resources of the continental shelf and the exclusive (marine) economic zone, if the rural areas exist in coastal zones. Since the local officials play a key role in implementing sustainable practices in forestry, fisheries, water management, agriculture and tourism, they can execute capacity building, address the needs of various sectors, promote locally produced sustainable produce, implement incentive schemes, and enforce the regulations and management practices. They can also promote and propagate the economic benefits from the conserved resources to rural constituencies. The local governments can also better manage and mitigate the disasters through maintaining and restoring the ecosystems.
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Ishin, Andrey V. "To the problem of modern church dissidence on Ukraine: geopolitical aspect." Post-Soviet Issues 6, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2019-6-2-213-220.
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The problem of church dissidence on Ukraine in focus of geopolitical processes is examined in the article. An author marks that confessional constituent of the armed capture of statepower with subsequent escalation of the armed opposition on the southeast of Ukraine — resultof introduction carefully thought out and long-term strategem of geopolitics of the West. Thusfragmentation of space of the Russian world, non-admission of political, economic and cultural co-operation of east slavs people, etnokonfessional «cleaning» of Ukrainian space with thesubsequent converting of Ukraine into a colonial-buffer area between the West and Russia, area,which will be frankly hostile the Russian world and will be controlled euro-atlantic structurescomes forward a primary objective. In a fight against canonical Orthodoxy on Ukraine the geopolitical opponents of the Russian world are involve the followings mechanisms: unprecedentedpolitical pressure, to the repression in regard to the adherents of Moscow Patriarchy, creation ofatmosphere of fear and religious intolerance; numerous destructions of orthodox temples duringa punitive operation on a southeast, power captures by the extremists of orthodox cult buildingswestering, in a center and on east of Ukraine; forcing at direct support of government of Ukraineof processes on creation of independent «pomestnoy church» with uttery nationalistic ideology;attempts of incorporation in the number of orthodox svyaschennosluzhiteley of Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Moscow Patriarchy of supporters of conception of religious championship ofKiev and historical seniority of the Ukrainian people in relation to Russian. An author comes tothe conclusion, that presently on Ukraine and on the whole in an international association thepeople of healthy will, representatives of all traditional confessions in defence of sound titles andfreedoms of believers, must unite.
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SAVELYEV, YURIY, and OLEKSII SHESTAKOVSKYI. "Modernization man: the significance of Ronald Inglehart’s theory for the social sciences." Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing, Stmm. 2021 (3) (2021): 206–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/sociology2021.03.206.
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Ronald Inglehart, an outstanding political scientist, passed on May 8, 2021. This article attempts to pay tribute to him as a scholar and a person by narration of his theory and its significance. The authors emphasize that the idea of sociocultural modernization was central for him. His theory’s humanism is that a human and their motivational changes become a core of global modernization transformation. A concise account of Inglehart modernization theory is given from changes of social economic conditions and security to basic values shift to increase in freedom of choice and its institutional consolidation. Noted that despite of Inglehart being liberal and progressist, his theory is just scientific, but not a normative knowledge or an ideological conception. Its propositions have been tested multiple times with the data from the largest survey project ever, World Values Survey together with European Values Study. We recognize organizational merits of Inglehart who established and coordinated this survey project and a big community around it for a long time. We consider the place of his theory to be among other academic theories of global development like those in historical macrosociology and institutional economy. An attempt is made to learn lessons for Ukraine from Inglehart theory. Ukraine has not demonstrated a considerable shift to self-expression values, and objective conditions for it are unfavorable at the moment. In fact, an “economic miracle” and a long peace are needed for this. Conceptually, a coherent integration of the modernization theory and economic institutionalism is needed. Translation and popularization of Inglehart’s work, as well as wider usage of data from values surveys remain topical for Ukraine. After all, Ronald Inglehart himself deserves to be a scientist role model for us.
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Petrushenko, Mykola. "Evolution of Innovative Quintuple Helix Model for the Example of Industrial and Natural Parks in Ukraine." Herald of the Economic Sciences of Ukraine, no. 1(38) (2020): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37405/1729-7206.2020.1(38).109-115.
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Sustainable development is not possible without continuous improvement of economic, social and ecological activities through innovation modeling. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the economic and ecological innovation activity of industrial and natural parks based on Helix-modeling in its evolutionary context. Within the proposed conceptual approach the role of regulation in the modeling of innovation activity in the context of sustainable development is revealed: the combination of state, market and social regulation is the key to formulating effective policies to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, namely through: the formation of frameworks and the minimum necessary control over the observance of the rules of behavior in the market of innovative goods and services. Particular attention is paid to the projection of Helix modeling into the plane of park activity in its evolutionary context: Triplex Helix → Quadruple Helix → Quintuple Helix. The evolution of Helix-modeling can be in the opposite direction: on the one hand, it is advisable to combine the experience of environmental management (ecologization of industrial parks), and, on the other, to attract investment in the economy of environmental management (economization of natural parks) in the implementation Sustainable Development Goals 2030. The division into evolutionary stages is conditional in the sense that parallels can be drawn between the evolution of the conceptual model of innovation and the conception of sustainable development; Helix-model analytically accompanies the course of sustainable development. The inclusive approach has been defined as a common in the formation of economic and ecological innovations in the activities of parks, first of all, experience and wellness tourism.
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Shkola, V. Y., O. V. Prokopenko, and V. A. Omelianenko. "Transformation of the Emergency Risk Management Methodology Based on the Conception of Sustainable Innovation Proactivity: The Global and Local Dimensions." Business Inform 9, no. 524 (2021): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-9-13-21.
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The article is aimed at improving fundamental methodological approaches to the system of emergency risk management on the basis of the conception of sustainable innovation proactivity, which will allow to prevent and respond in a timely manner to various kinds of destructive phenomena, will contribute to ensuring/increasing the stability and security of economic systems in the face of modern global challenges and threats (both actual and potential). As result of the research, the essence of the main categories of risk management theory is deepened; the influence of various types of global risks in dynamics is analyzed (in the short, medium and long term); the extant approaches to risk management are generalized and systematized; the authors’ own structure of the risk management process is proposed. The methodology for determining the status of economic system, a methodical approach to comprehensive risk assessment based on the theory of sustainability and the theory of complex systems are improved; the principle of integrated risk assessment based on an integrated approach to the assessment of challenges and threats through the synergy of economic, diplomatic, human, international, legal, political, and cultural dimensions of security is determined. Prospect for further research is the development of a theoretical-methodical approach to the choice of strategies and instruments to counter the challenges and threats in Ukraine under unstable socio-economic conditions, taking into account changes in the security environment and in the potential of national economies.
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Parsyak, Volodymyr, and Оlena Zhukova. "ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF MANAGEMENT OF THE MARINE INDUSTRY CLUSTER IN UKRAINE." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 5 (February 8, 2020): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-5-110-120.
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The purpose of the paper is to to elucidate the authors' attitude to the nature of clusters that have become widespread in marine economic activity, find out the motives that lead to their initiation, to demonstrate the variants of their organizational structure of management and the sources of funds needed to perform the delegated functions, in the context of current Ukrainian legislation. Methodology. Towards this goal the authors collected, systematized and analyzed a number of facts obtained from numerous publications in writing and electronic domestic and foreign publications. Results. Commodity diversity, which is so welcomed by consumers in developed countries, is the result of a strenuous competitive battle between suppliers at the market of alternative products and services. It is carried out not only among consumer goods producers, but also covers shipbuilding corporations and many related firms, among which there are medium and small ones in value creation chains. Often, they are concentrated in specific regions and in one way or another determine its industrial specialization. Competition does not bypass any country, although sometimes there is a sense that only those who keep marching the thorny paths of economic, political and social reforms are affected. For this reason, everyone is constantly looking for tools to reinforce their strengths over opponents in the fight for solvent purchasers. Clusters occupy a valid place among such tools, and it is generally recognized. In the countries of the European Union, clusterization has been raised to the level of public policy, strategies of behavior of entire industries and certain enterprises. In domestic areas, it is often that not everybody can clearly understand even the nature of clusters. Practical implications. The word "cluster" is etymologically derived from English and means "association" or "union". The Ukrainian legislator, while building the institutional basis for economic development, does not use this term, but outlines its varieties and formalizes procedures for starting unions. For this reason, domestic clusters are single and are rather examples of an initiative of the territorial communities. One of such initiatives can be considered an offer from a number of enterprises, organizations and authorities created in the Mykolaiv region. It is formalized in the form of the Mykolaiv maritime service cluster. Value/originality. Observing the first steps of the initiators shows that the enthusiasm of the pioneers is unlikely to be enough to solve all the tasks that have already been set up, and even more the tasks for the cluster to be solved in the future. Thus, there is nothing to do without creating at least a small administration. Since the top of the cluster is an unprofitable organization, according to the current legislation, it is most viewed by such organizational and legal forms as a cooperative (servicing) or a public union. If you consider them, you have an opportunity to create a budget and use the funds received for the implementation of approved plans, programs and projects.
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Winder, Gordon M., and Richard Le Heron. "Assembling a Blue Economy moment? Geographic engagement with globalizing biological-economic relations in multi-use marine environments." Dialogues in Human Geography 7, no. 1 (March 2017): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2043820617691643.
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In the 2010s, the ‘Blue Economy’ has been widely advocated by a spectrum of interests as a strategy to save the world’s oceans and water. This article explores what the Blue Economy moment is and how geographers can engage with it. It acknowledges recent efforts by geographers to understand Blue Economy but goes further by outlining the European Union’s Blue Economy programmes and by discussing these in relation to recent agenda setting in marine science. We argue that in spite of apparent convergence on this goal, the Blue Economy imaginary disciplines disparate knowledge for economic projects, when the planetary reality is that every economic project is axiomatically a biological project, with some economic aspects. In this context, the article outlines how assemblage thinking could be relevant to a human geography engagement with Blue Economy and what this could like, and how a relational conception of Blue Economy helps advance understanding. Finally, we discuss the difficulties and potential for human geographers to be genuinely enactive given the disciplinary framings that have already been assumed or imposed through Blue Economy. This last is highlighted by discussing engagement in a particular New Zealand Blue Economy initiative. Rather than either promoting or critiquing Blue Economy, we encourage informed and critical engagement with Blue Economy by geographers.
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Lavrushchenko, Yu O. "THE ROLE OF MARITIME TRANSPORT IN THE SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE." Economic innovations 21, no. 1(70) (March 20, 2019): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2019.21.1(70).98-105.
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Topicality. In the article the author considers problems of effective development of national sea transport from a position of globalization of economic relations and participation of the country in international division of labour. It is necessary to pay attention to the character of formation of macroeconomic and entrepreneurial results of fleet and commercial ports development.Aim and tasks. The principles of achievement of functional and economic stability of sea transport enterprises are Considered taking into account international conventions of freight independence of priority cargo flows. And also highlight one of the most important tasks for the development of the national transport system-the achievement of freight independence of foreign trade operations and the solution of commercial problems-maximizing the currency profit. The author identifies the main reason for the situation, which leads to an increase in economic losses and security problems-a violation of the principle of complexity development of the national economy.Research results. Simultaneously with the elaboration of the shipping policy it is necessary to define basic ports and choose a strategy of restructuring and institutionalization of various functional activities in the property system. The Integrated development of maritime transport means the conformity of its parameters with the main macroeconomic indicators, the extent of participation in international exchange and in-system compliance of capacities and cash flows. Maximizing synergy potential in the form of multimodal transport corridors and logistic distribution systems should fully ensure the economic security of Ukraine.Conclusion. The importance of maritime transport for normal economic, social and political stability and security of the State determines the urgency of developing an active strategy of the country as a maritime power. The state maritime transport policy should be aimed at solving two global problems: transport security of economic system and freight independence of foreign economic activity.Having analyzed the current state of navigation in Ukraine, we can conclude that the positions of national shipping companies, both public and private, are weakening every year – the volume of transportations carried out by the fleet under the Ukrainian flag is decreasing. At the same time, in Ukraine there is a problem of absence of a fleet and accordingly workplaces for marine experts. As a result, there is an outflow of qualified personnel from Ukraine to foreign shipping companies, and labor migration is one of the many aspects of the deep and all-encompassing systemic crisis in our country.
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Kukshinova, О. О., and O. L. Kuzminov. "Legal regulation of maritime agency in Ukraine." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 67 (January 16, 2022): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.67.61.
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The article analyzes the regulations governing maritime agency in Ukraine namely: Merchant Shipping Code of Ukraine, Сommercial Code of Ukraine, The Civil Code of Ukraine, Laws of Ukraine «On seaports of Ukraine», «On transit of goods», «On foreign economic activity», as well as the Order of the Ministry Infrastructure of Ukraine «On approval of the Rules for the provision of services in seaports of Ukraine». It is investigated that in almost every one of these regulations, regulation of maritime agents is enshrined only a few provisions mentioning a non-marine agent sufficient to settle such a complex maritime institution farms. Attention is drawn to the fact that in addition to laws and bylaws, agency relations between the parties are governed by their own regulations maritime agency agreements.
It is investigated, that in most countries the legislation contains norms that relating to maritime agency, but they are all fragmentary, disparate in nature and regulate only some aspects of agency activities. In practice, there is usually a relationship between the shipowner and the shipping agent subject to the general provisions of civil or commercial law, devoted to the institution of representation, and fall under the concept of contract authorization.
According to the content of the above highlighted, the main features of the maritime agency: it is a business activity; the subject of this activity is provision of services; services are provided exclusively to business entities; services are provided through mediation; services are provided exclusively in economic activity; mediation is carried out on behalf of, in the interests of under the control and at the expense of the entity represented.
The study allows us to conclude, that the maritime agency as a separate type of activity, requires legal consolidation on levels of a special legislative act. Such a special legislative act may be the Law of Ukraine «On Agency Activities», in which, it is necessary to consolidate the regulatory framework for regulation maritime agency, organizational and legal status of the maritime agent and legal status of maritime agency companies; solution problems related to determining the limits of liability of maritime agents; recognition of the maritime agency agreement as a separate type of civil business agreements; establishing a standard form of maritime contract agency in accordance with national specifics.
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Lavrushchenko, Yu O. "DIRECTIONS OF THE BALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN CONDITIONS OF THE MARKET OF TRANSPORT SERVICES GLOBALIZATION." Economic innovations 20, no. 3(68) (September 20, 2018): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.3(68).136-144.
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Topicality. The relevance of a problem of development of world economic communications, an advantageous geopolitical position of Ukraine which is on crossing of the major trade ways reveals economic prerequisites and regional aspects of creation of logistics transport and distributive systems when forming strategy of service of transport freight traffics through the territory of Ukraine.Also tendencies of development of world economic communications predetermine expansion of production communications and the international economic cooperation. However the uneven constant growth of transnational and transborder streams and the international transit predetermines new tasks and problems of management of commodity and cash flows.Aim and tasks. Among the priority directions of transport policy, along with development of technical means of transport, need of updating of its fixed assets at qualitatively new level, introductions of new progressive technologies, informatization of transportation process, problems of ensuring coordination of activity of different types of transport, development of intermodal transportation of goods in the international transport corridors, the complex solution of regional transport tasks are allocated, to integration of the Ukrainian market of transport services into the world transport system.Research results.The major theoretical and practical task is creation of system of integrated management of balance of interests and efficiency of functioning of the integrated transport systems.It is necessary to pay attention to basic value for the integrated aspirations of Ukraine in a sea economic complex. The role of a sea economic complex of Ukraine is not realized sufficiently therefore the target national program of stability of functioning of merchant marine fleet, seaports, ship-building base and service divisions of a complex is not developed. Control of sustainable development of a transport component of a sea economic complex has to be exercised according to the method given (formula 1). Then parameters of stability of a sea transport complex have to be regulated on the basis of the principle of sufficiency of potential by macroeconomic results.Conclusions. Participation of the national fleet and ports in development of integration processes on transport in the conditions of globalization of world economy has to be based on organizational and economic prerequisites of formation and development of the integrated transport and distributive systems at the regional, interregional and international levels.
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GOLOVNYA, Olena, and Maryna KONDRATOVA. "THE CONCEPT OF INTEGRATED CITY DEVELOPMENT: EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE AND POSSIBILITIES OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE." 3, no. 3(57) (September 28, 2021): 178–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2021-3-12.
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The authors investigate that the leading form of territorial and socio-economic organization of modern society are cities. At the same time, cities act as drivers of socio-economic development, political prosperity and social progress and will undoubtedly be important for the formation of competitiveness in the world. It is established that one of the documents, which was developed with the participation of representatives of common European interests and promotes to integrated urban development, is the Leipzig Charter «Cities of Europe on the path to sustainable development». The practice of participatory management helps integrated urban development. Participatory management becomes relevant in the context of decentralization and community development, in particular participatory budgeting, which is the opportunity for city residents to participate in decision-making on how to allocate a certain part of the budget. It is analysed, that plenty of international indexes is for the quantitative and quality estimation of development of cities, that allow to explore tendencies and estimate influence of political decisions and steps that is accepted within the limits of cities for the improvement of welfare of habitants. A category ‒ «Smart City» is investigated. It is set that in rating of Smart Cities Index the first places occupy New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Reykjavik. Among the terms of development of the integrated cities on the basis of conception of «Smart City» the following is highlighted: introduction of networks of generation 5G, continuous coverage of territories and access to the internet in difficult of access places, trouble-free simultaneous work in the network of enormous number of devices. A collaboration and partnership with European societies and organizations help the Ukrainian cities in their integrated development. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study has become the scientific works of Ukrainian and foreign authors on integrated urban development based on European experience and guidelines and provisions of the European Union.
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Melnychenko, Svitlana, Myroslava Bosovska, and Alla Okhrimenko. "THE FORMATION OF A NATION TOURISM BRAND OF UKRAINE." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 7, no. 2 (March 26, 2021): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2021-7-2-161-169.
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Performing a large range of functions, tourism implies an embodiment of an important economic, social, and geopolitical factor affecting the competitive innovative development of all the countries. Despite the COVID-19 influence, the tourism sector remains one of drivers for the global and nation economies because it plays the generating and integrating role within the context of ensuring the positive dynamics of quantitative and qualitative parameters describing the development of economic systems. Furthermore, the tourism sector is an effective multiplier with regard to enhancing the main macroeconomic indicators. A brand is a powerful means for promoting tourism in the internal and global tourism markets. Forming and supporting a nation tourism brand constitute an important goal for effective development of the tourism sector, as well as a precondition for capturing its opportunities and strategic prospects. The article’s purpose is to substantiate conceptual basics and methodical frameworks regarding the formation and development of the nation tourism brand of Ukraine. Having generalized scientific and analytical researches, we have revealed that Ukraine ranks low on the level of tourism attractiveness and value of its nation tourism brand. In addition, we have observed the low level of competitiveness of its tourism sector in the global market. Therefore, there is a need to draw up a branding conception grounded in the holistic approach and implementation of its provisions into the tourism sector through a leverage portfolio, instruments of mechanisms, and recommendations concerning improvement of processes of formation, development, monitoring, and supporting the nation brand of Ukraine. The nation tourism brand of Ukraine is considered as the integral unique tourism image and a behaviour model for Ukraine as a country supplying a tourism product. A tourism product integrates outcomes of more than 50 industries of the economy and contains immanent attributes and determinants, which embody its identity and determine value for consumers alongside advantages for stakeholders. The formation of the nation tourism brand contemplates the structural and logical consequence of processes, which comprises six stages: brand-context, brand-monitoring, brand-start, brand-support, brand-effect, and brand-foresight. A semantic model for creating and supporting the nation tourism brand of Ukraine reflects the main groups of descriptors: stakeholders, principles, factors, functions, processes, results, and aims. The identification of these descriptors enables to indicate the content, intrinsic features, functions, and processes of the tourism branding of Ukraine. We have suggested a three-level model of the nation tourism brand’s advantages for stakeholders, which describes expenses and benefits for indicated groups of stakeholders within the context of the functioning of the formed tourism brand of the country. Forming the nation tourism brand will foster ensuring the competitiveness, image, leadership positions, business perfection, customer loyalty, positive perception of tourism products by stakeholders, tourism sector, and nation tourism system of Ukraine.
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Burhaz, Maryna, and Olha Soborova. "FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT AND THE FORMATION OF THE FISH PRODUCTS MARKET IN UKRAINE AND IN THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 6, no. 3 (August 5, 2020): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2020-6-3-10-18.
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The fishing industry is an important component of the economy not only in Ukraine, but also in all Central and Eastern European countries at the present stage of development. Developing and implementing the innovative technologies in fish farming and fish processing require mandatory and constant analysis of the fish market infrastructure. In the fishing industry, trade plays an important role as an employment center, a food supplier, a source of income, a contribution to economic growth and development, and also for food security and nutrition. For many countries and numerous coastal, river, island and inland regions, fish exports are critically important to the economy. The purpose of the study is to find out a current state of the fishing industry in Ukraine and in the Central and Eastern European countries, the prospects for its development and to conduct a research of fish and fish products importexport. The problem of the fisheries economic development in Ukraine and in the Central and Eastern European countries has been considered in the works of many domestic scientists and is reflected in a number of Laws of Ukraine, state programs and legislative acts, but many issues remain unsolved. Methodology. The state of fisheries in Ukraine has been researched, the amount of edible fish and fish products per capita by the population of Ukraine over the past 10 years has been carried out, and the volume of fish and fish products imports and exports in recent years in Ukraine has been analyzed. The catch volumes of fish and fish products in Europe in marine areas, inland waters, and the total volume of aquaculture production in the period from 2000 to 2018 in the Central and Eastern Europe countries have been studied. Result. Since the beginning of the 21st century, Ukraine has lost its potential and fishing opportunities in the marine economic zones of other countries, as a result of which the production of aquatic biological resources was reduced to 220 000-250 000 tons per year from 2007 to 2013. As a result of the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula by the Russian Federation in 2014, the production of aquatic bioresources in Ukraine has further decreased from 225 000 tons in 2013 to 90 000 tons in 2014-2019. All this shows that the Ukrainian fishing industry market is not provided at the expense of its own resources. Therefore, Ukraine constantly imports products from the non-resident partners. Today, Ukraine imports about 90% of fish. This situation is due to the lack of a specialized fleet, processing industry, quotas in the neutral waters and poaching. In addition, the cost of the Ukrainian fish is higher than imported ones, so the products lose their competitiveness. Despite significant imports of fish and fish products to Ukraine, the country continues to increase its domestic products export. In 2019, export of fish products increased by almost 10% compared to 2018, and the Ukrainian producing companies continue to open new sales markets for their products in different countries of the world. Due to limited access to the open sea and a relatively small coastline, almost all Eastern and Central European countries are not among the leaders in fish industry and seafood production. To provide the population with fish and fish products in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, fish are caught intensively in inland waters, as well as, this region is actively restoring its traditional aquaculture systems. In Central and Eastern Europe, the fish processing industry has made great strides in the quality of fishery products, sanitation, transport and supply chain traceability. Practical implications. Currently, fish industry in almost all countries of Central and Eastern Europe is going through a problematic time that has developed due to a number of difficulties in the states, namely: financial ones, a breach of economic ties, the deterioration of the ecological status of the inland waters, an insufficient amount of work to restore fish stocks. This significantly affects the reduction in cultivating and catching the commercial fish in inland waters and in general. The results of the analysis of the economic situation of Ukraine in the fishing industry and the tendencies of possible changes indicate that negative patterns in its development will not be overcome in the absence of state support for the industry. To ensure the development of the fishing industry, the state must restructure the tax and customs policy, and its financing should be carried out at the expense of the state budget. Funding should also be provided for the organizations engaged in the fish stocks study, conservation and reproduction, as well as for the research organizations that carry out the thematic work of national importance. Many transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe have experienced declining in production intensity due to reduced fish farming costs. But in spite of everything, the fisheries of this region continue to grow and develop intensively.
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Shypotilova, O., A. Kozhanov, L. Lohinova, and O. Lohinov. "The problem of the Black Sea pollution in Odessa region of Ukraine." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 915, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/915/1/012008.
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Abstract The article considers the problem of Black Sea pollution in Odessa region. The researchers made a comparative analysis based on archival and modern materials, statistics on the assessment of pollution of the Black Sea coast around the city of Odessa, as well as adjacent areas to the region. The urgent task of Ukraine as a maritime state is to ensure optimal and sustainable functioning of the maritime complex. The Black Sea has been significantly affected by anthropogenic and man-made activities, which affects its water regime and properties. Therefore, researchers raise the issue of efficient use of natural resources as one of the most important conditions for sustainable social-economic development. In the article we come to the conclusion that the Black Sea ecosystem is affected by the reduction of fresh water, which leads to the influx of inorganic, organic and toxic substances etc. Thus, the researchers highlighted important issues of marine pollution in Ukraine, trying to draw the attention of scientists and the public to address pressing issues and find additional funding for the conservation of the Black Sea ecosystem.
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RUBEL, O. E., А. AGHAYEV, and A. A. ZHIKHAREVA. "INSTITUTIONAL-COGNITIVE AND NONLINEAR SCIENTIFIC FUNDAMENTALS OF INNOVATIVE "SMART"-SPECIALIZATION OF THE MARITIME ECONOMIC COMPLEX." Economic innovations 23, no. 2(79) (June 20, 2021): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2021.23.2(79).140-151.
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Topicality. In the twentieth century, there was an active discussion about the structure of the innovation process as a single period of scientific knowledge - from the promotion of ideas and hypotheses to the introduction of products to market. The beginning of the discussion of this issue was the work of S. Klein and N. Rosenberg "The positive sum strategy: Harnessing technology for economic grown". They described and criticized the classical linear model of innovation, based on the idea that the development of science is based on basic research, which then finds its continuation in applied research. Directive 2014/89 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the creation of a framework for the planning of maritime spaces states: "Maritime spatial planning is intended to organize the management of activities in marine and ocean areas and the sustainable use of marine and coastal resources . The European Parliament and the Council of the EU adopted the document on 23 July 2014. It officially entered into force on 18 September 2014. The Directive allows each EU country to plan its own maritime activities, but the planning process - nationally, regionally or locally - is compatible with EU law. implementation and minimum general requirements. Realization of the purpose of work causes the following tasks of research: to define the basic categories and concepts of "blue economy" and features of the economic mechanism of ecological regulation as preconditions of sustainable development; to develop ways to implement the integrated maritime policy of the European Union; to determine the impact of the approaches of the integrated maritime policy of the European Union on the institutional transformation of the maritime economic complex of Ukraine; to offer institutional-cognitive and nonlinear scientific principles of innovative "SMART" -specialization of the maritime complex; to propose approaches to the formation of institutional foundations for the implementation of Maritime Spatial Planning for Ukraine as a leading innovation in marine nature management. Aim and tasks. The purpose of this work is to analyze the institutional support of innovative practices in the management of greening of the maritime sector of Ukraine, based on the implementation of the environmental component of nonlinear approaches to SMART-specialization in the structure of Maritime Spatial Planning. Research results. After analyzing the current processes, the methodology of maritime spatial planning (MSP) focuses on reproducing a comprehensive picture of the spatial impact of the synergy of maritime sectors. In the future, the methodology focuses on updating the data over the medium term and taking into account possible future trends in the development of sectors of the maritime economy, including changes in the industrial structure and the growth of technological progress. MSP is focused not only on minimizing current stakeholder conflicts, but also on preventing such conflicts in the future. The development of a "maritime vision" or "desired scenario" should play a role in shaping the overall understanding of the future of maritime space, which should be supported by maritime spatial plans. On this basis, the development of a "vision" creates a common goal, agreed by all stakeholders, on what to strive for in the maritime spatial plan. MSP makes extensive use of methods based on marine data: analytical, quantitative, qualitative and spatial. In the initial stages of the MSP process, more creative, nonlinear creative techniques are used. In some cases, the vision development process itself has proved more important than the final vision document or action plan, serving as a mechanism for involving stakeholders in cooperation, as well as facilitating dialogue on a common future. The use of nonlinear approaches helps to focus MSP, as well as provide a basis for the purposes of SMART specialization of maritime space. Conclusion. The paper shows that the Itzkowitz-Leidesdorf model formalizes the dynamic shifts in the structure of interactions of the three sectors (triple helix) that occur as a result of innovation and complexity of socio-economic systems and is a convenient tool for analyzing the institutional organization and specifics of social interactions. which innovation ecosystems and the innovation economy as a whole. Thus, the genetic connection of "quadro", "quinto-helix" method and SMART specialization is substantiated in the work. . The paper proves that overcoming the uncertainty of management factors due to cognitive mechanisms of interaction within the quinto - helix is the leading mechanism of innovative management of greening of the economy and sea spatial flooding in particular.
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Stolyarov, V., O. Shinkaryuk, and V. Stolyarova. "Systemic Interaction of Center and Regions in Ukraine (basics of national-civilizational security)." Economic Herald of the Donbas, no. 4 (62) (2020): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2020-4(62)-52-63.
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The article poses and solves the problem of achieving coordinated interaction between the Center and the Regions as a single, organic and dynamic system of a sovereign independent state. Modern approaches of liberal and planned principles of overcoming bureaucratic and corrupt arbitrariness and urgent resuscitation with intensive revival of economic and vital activity of Ukraine, which is purposefully destroyed under external influence, are considered. The main provisions of the report of the President of France Emmanuel Macron in August 2019 on the Great Fracture in European and world civilization processes are revealed. The main ideas and directions of the Plan of the Great Reset and implementation of the fourth industrial revolution of June 2020 of the Davos World Economic Forum are presented. A meaningful chronology of the formation of the organizational mechanism for the introduction of inclusive capitalism and its management and staffing is given. The equivalence of the principles of homeostasis of economic and biological systems is considered by comparing the restoration of the viability of the global network economy and marine biological systems (on the example of a vampire octopus). Generalized signs of international and state terrorism in Ukraine. The necessity to change the Anglo-Saxon model of open market economy to socially oriented one using the doctrine of 3 "S": social forecasting, social planning and social management is substantiated. It is proposed to use the experience of the United States and Great Britain on social planning and the European financial model of people's capitalism. Based on the proposals of Emelyanov O.S. to enhance the role of the Center in cooperation with the Regions, it is recommended to develop National and Regional Human Development Programs. It is proposed to develop a Planning Code of Ukraine based on the provisions of the model of socially adequate management with encyclopedic criteria for their use at the national and regional levels of government.
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Karpenko, O. O., A. V. Gorban, M. V. Kovbatyuk, V. O. Shevchuk, and G. O. Kovbatiuk. "The Role of International Cooperation in the Process of Reforming the Higher Education System of Ukraine." Business Inform 9, no. 524 (2021): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-9-34-40.
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The main purpose of this research work is to substantiate the need for international cooperation of Ukrainian higher education institutions as an important factor in reforming and modernizing the national education system, its successful integration into the global educational space and increasing competitiveness in the market of educational services. The basic method in the study is system approach. Methods of scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis are used to form a theoretical synthesis and conclusions, graphic-analytical method is used for a clear illustration of the economic phenomena and processes under study. Internationalization of higher education is one of the main directions of the new conception of higher education reform in Ukraine. New demands and needs in the market of educational services, growing competition between higher education institutions, implementation of innovations in the educational process require changes in approaches to reform in the field of higher education in order to improve quality. International cooperation in the State University of Infrastructure and Technologies is considered as a process of formation and development of equal and mutually beneficial partnerships between educational institutions of different countries. International cooperation will give the State University of Infrastructure and Technologies the opportunity to participate in international projects in an equal and full manner, increase the number of foreign students, invite foreign lecturers to become a fully recognized university in the world, which provides high quality education.
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Goloborodko, A. Y., and N. O. Plevako. "Statistical Forecasting of the Development Trends in the Telecommunications Sphere of the Economy in the Context of Digitalization." Business Inform 12, no. 515 (2020): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-12-265-270.
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This article is concerned with the actual problem of statistical forecasting of the development trends in the telecommunications sphere of the economy in the context of digitalization. During the globalization of digital transformation processes, forecasting the development of the telecommunications sphere is one of the effective ways for Ukraine to enter a ranked position in the international market. The article carries out a comprehensive study and allocates the main trends in the development of the telecommunications sphere of the Ukrainian economy according to the following indexes of the international rating: development of electronic government; openness of digital space; innovativeness of technologies and degree of development of human capital. According to the assessment of the state of the telecommunications sphere, the main problems are defined and the directions of digital transformations are allocated. The impact of development of the digital economy on the reformatting of many spheres of economic and social life is proved. For a complex and well-grounded scientific forecasting, methods on the basis of systematization of both the search and the scientific approaches were used. On the basis of extrapolation of data, the forecasting of the ranked place of Ukraine by three indexes is made, namely: EGDI – E-Government Development Index, ICT Development Index – IDI, Global Open Data Index – GODI. For the successful implementation of the Conception of development of the digital economy of Ukraine, increasing the level of development of telecommunications and digitalization, achieving effective management of the telecommunications sphere of the economy in general, the main indicators of forecasting the development of digitalization of the telecommunications industry for the strategic perspective are defined.
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Mahas, H. A. "Retrospective analysis of the border guard policy on providing integrity of the state border of Ukraine." Public administration aspects 6, no. 1-2 (March 31, 2018): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/1520184.
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With the advent of Ukraine’s independence, its border guard policy was aimed at ensuring territorial integrity, establishing its own border security system, organizing border protection around the perimeter and protecting the exclusive (marine) economic zone. Protection of the state border of Ukraine is an integral part of the national system of protection of the state border and is performed by the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine on land, sea, rivers, lakes and other reservoirs, according to the powers granted to ensure the integrity of the state border of Ukraine. The article is devoted to the research of the formation of the state border protection system as a mechanism for ensuring the integrity of the state border of Ukraine. The author analyzes the stages of formation, problems and prospects of the protection of the state border of Ukraine through the prism of the activity of the border guard authority of Ukraine on the implementation of the border gurd policy. Based on the analysis of adoption and implementation of legal acts, concepts and programs of strategic importance in the field of protection of the state border (a feature of planning), as well as taking into account the scientific achievements of scientists and variability of the security environment that led to changes (a sign of development), the process of formation and development of the state border protection system is proposed to be divided into five periods, namely: the first – 1991-1993 (on the basis of planning and development);the second – 1994- 1999 (on the basis of planning and development);the third – 2000-2005 (on the basis of planning), 2000 – July 2003 (on the basis of development);the fourth – 2006-2015 (on the basis of planning), August 2003-2013 (on the basis of development);the fifth – 2016-2020 (on the basis of planning), 2014 - 2020 (on the basis of development).The results of the retrospective analysis allowed to establish the following patterns of formation and development of the state border protection system:1. The border guard policy is aimed at ensuring territorial integrity, establishing its own state border protection system and protection of the exclusive (marine) economic zone. 2. Formation of the state border protection system is influenced by a number of factors, including: the peculiarity of the geographical position of Ukraine (presence of international transport corridors; presence of «frozen» conflicts in the regions bordering on Ukraine; unregulated migration and smuggling activities; the need for significant resources for the border infrastructure development, etc.). 3. The functional complexity of the border guard institution evolves in the direction of: militaristic – law enforcement – law enforcement and militaristic.4. The increasing level of integration of subjects, which provide border security in the security space. 5. Increased attention to the need for balancing vital interests in the field of state border protection. 6. A noticeable tendency to increase the capacity of the state border guard system to counter current threats: armed conflicts at the state border, smuggling of weapons, drug trafficking, unregulated migration, illegal extraction and theft of national treasures, etc. 7. Determining of strategic directions of ensuring the border security is carried out at the highest state level within the framework of the Comprehensive Review of the Security and Defense Sector, drafting of the Conceptual Basis for the Reform of the Law Enforcement Agencies and the Concept of the Reform of the Criminal Justice of Ukraine. 8. When elaborating approaches to the development of the state border guard system (close, medium and long-term perspective), it is necessary to take into account the experience of the new EU member states in preparing for accession to the EU and joining the Schengen agreement.
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Oveckiy, Sergiy, Yurii Melnychenko, Lesia Moroz, and Yaroslav Yakymechko. "Development of marine gas hydrate deposits with alternative use of the potential of the gas transport system on the example of Ukraine." Technology audit and production reserves 4, no. 1(60) (July 27, 2021): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.237171.
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The object of research is the use of a pipeline system for the production of methane and utilization of carbon dioxide. One of the most problematic areas in this scheme is the substantiation of the effectiveness and the possibility of using the existing pipeline system of countries that are gradually moving towards carbon neutrality of the economy based on the principles of sustainable development. In this case, these principles are implemented through the consumer’s access to clean energy by burning gas obtained from offshore hydrate fields at thermal power plants with the simultaneous utilization of carbon dioxide. In the course of the study, the methods of mathematical modelling of the development of offshore gas hydrate fields were used, which were developed earlier in the study of methane production from hydrate deposits by the replacement method. Comparison of the block diagram of the development of offshore gas hydrate fields using the existing pipeline system by means of logical analysis made it possible to establish not only the economic, but also the environmental effect. Data have been obtained that the gas transmission system, provided that carbon dioxide is transported, can be effectively used at various stages of the development of offshore gas hydrate fields. This is due to the fact that the proposed development block diagram has a number of design features, in particular, the possibilities of using the gas transmission system at the stage of development, production and decommissioning of wells are taken into account. This makes it possible to efficiently use carbon dioxide transported from power plants using the existing transport system to the development site of offshore hydrate deposits. Compared with similar known methods of carbon dioxide utilization, this provides the following advantages: alternative use of the existing pipeline system for the purpose of greening the technology of methane production from offshore hydrate deposits. The principles considered in the work make it possible to dispose carbon dioxide in the form of a hydrate under the seabed. The achieved economic effect can be considered as income received from the sale of electricity produced at power plants, and quite obvious environmental effect.
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Pankratenkovа, Daria. "THE IMPORTANCE OF MARINE SHORES CADASTRE FOR THE MANAGEMENT AND RATIONAL NATURE USE IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF UKRAINIAN SEAS." GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM, no. 46 (2019): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2308-135x.2019.46.119-129.
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The aim of the research is devoted to reveal the importance of creating an inventory of sea coasts for the effective management and rational use of natural resources in the coastal shore zone of Ukrainian seas. Methods. The development and materials of domestic and foreign authors formed the methodological basis of the research. In the course of writing research methods as retrospective, systematization method, analytical and constructive-geographical were used. Research results. The article presents the theoretical foundations and elements that the cadastre of sea coasts should contain. The basic principles of the sea coast cadastre were proposed and substantiated to optimize economic activities and preserve the natural environment in the coastal zone of the seas of Ukraine. The scientific novelty of the results obtained consists in the development of the foundations of the cadastre of seashores, which are a qualitatively new step of generalization and registration of data on the current state of the coastal zone. Thus, the cadastre is a necessary information source for making important decisions regarding the management of economic activities for the harmonization of the relationship between nature and society. Practical value. The results of the study constitutes an important information base for the creation of legislative projects that regulate all types of anthropogenic impact on the coastal zone for the organization of effective management and environmental management of coastal areas.
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Bilyi, Oleg, and Vitalii Liakh. "The Оrigin of the Modern State: Imagination, Violence, Institutions." Multiversum. Philosophical almanac 1, no. 2 (June 8, 2021): 3–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35423/2078-8142.2021.1.2.01.
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The main idea of the article is to define the role of imagination, violence and institutions in the formation of the modern state as well as to show that the important dimension of the state building is the image of the self, creative capacity of the individual to symbolic self-made activity and self-made reproduction. The symbolic world of the imaginary state is the product of the communities united symbolically, contingency and simultaneously the part of the social orders. The Nort conception of the social orders as the structures that limit and control the violence takes the privilege place in the article. The first model of the social organization is defined as the “order of limited access”, and the second one as the “order of free access”. Thus the different state establishments are formed: “the natural state” that is formed in the natural way according to the violence restrain logic by means of limited access, and “the artificial state” by means of free access to the political and economic resources. In particular the impossibility of the automatic transition from the self-sufficient type of the natural state to the modern democratic state is emphasized. Nort conception is extrapolated on the experience of the Ukrainian independent state state-building after the abortive coup d’etat in 1991. The authors develop the tenet about the conservation of the institutional matrix of the soviet empire in the post-communist Ukraine. It deals with the institutional features: such as the authoritarian management, the secondary role of the law regulations, the supervisory instance uncontrolled by society. The transformation crises, accordingly to the authors approach, determined the conditions and the price of transitional countries entering not only the civilizational space of the contemporary Europe but also the system of global economic, political and social interrelations. This crises conditioned also the changes in the network of the international institutions. It determined the distinctive features of the national identity formation, legitimation strategies in the contemporary Nation-State, and primarily in the newest Ukrainian state-building.
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KHUMAROVA, N. I., H. O. TIUTIUNNYK, and N. V. VERNIHOROVA. "DEVELOPMENT OF INCLUSIVITY IN THE FIELD OF RECREATIONAL NATURE MANAGEMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF BEACH TERRITORIES." Economic innovations 22, no. 2(75) (June 20, 2020): 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2020.22.2(75).122-134.
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Topicality. Ensuring inclusiveness in the field of recreational nature management plays a special role in the system of economic development of the country and further integration into the European Union.The modern institutional base is rather fragmentary in terms of administrative regulation of beach areas - the environment of a set of valuable natural resources that are attractive for business development.This leads to the impossibility of effective economic assessment of territories, preservation of their ecological status, and as a consequence prevents the pursuit of global economic trends.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to reveal the characteristics of an inclusive approach and outline the components of the organization and development of beach areas. Formulation of criteria for creating an inclusive beach. Substantiation of introduction of principles of the organization of inclusiveness of recreational natural resources on an example of the beaches which have received the Blue Flag status.Research results. The authors consider the legislative basis, strategies and action plans for the protection of the marine environment of Ukraine and its use. The rules of use of shore protection structures, which are places of mass recreation, are presented and contradictions are revealed in them. The principles of inclusive use of beach areas are declared. The state of pollution of beach areas, methods of assessing the impact of economic activities on marine ecosystems, the state of tourist flows and proposals are analyzed.Conclusion. It is substantiated that there is no scientific theoretical basis, and in the legislative field there is no single legal act that regulates the issues of beach areas, their pollution, the relevant economic relations. It is substantiated that there is no zoning of beach areas and their ecological condition is not taken into account when calculating the cost of rent. At an insufficient level - compliance with the social needs of different segments of the population and ensuring the care, use and protection of the contact area as a whole. The necessity of using tax policy, rent payments based on economic assessment of natural recreational resources taking into account the ecological component is substantiated.
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MEZINA, L. V. "PARAMETERS AND FACTORS OF ENSURING COMPETITIVE STABILITY OF THE PORT SECTOR OF UKRAINE." Economic innovations 20, no. 2(67) (June 20, 2018): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.2(67).158-167.
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Topicality. The expediency of the development of scientific regulations is related to the main problems of achieving the competitiveness of the sea trade ports of Ukraine in the maritime trade market, first of all with the necessity: to achieve the adequacy of the technical and economic level of the stevedoring operators to the requirements of the environment; compliance with national needs and multimodal transport systems; support of national zones of international transport corridors; development of theoretical and methodological foundations for the competitive positioning of national maritime trading ports, taking into account the conditions of integration and globalization.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to clarify new trends in the system of competitive positioning of sea merchant ports, to systematize the parameters of the competitiveness of national maritime merchant ports and to substantiate the factors of effective development of Ukraine's port infrastructure.Research results. The condition and conditions of the competitive development of Ukrainian seaports in the system of maritime trade market are analyzed. The assessment of the port infrastructure of the national terminal operators is given and the development trends and perspectives of the competitive positioning of the national stevedoring operators are grounded. The system factors and parameters of functioning of marine transport enterprises are grounded. The dynamics of cargo turnover of the largest container ports of Europe for the period 2015-2017 is presented and the main tendencies of development of container terminals of the world economy are revealed. The evaluation of the competitive functioning of state and private national stevedoring operators and the identification of the problem of economic stability of sea trading ports in the system of competitive positioning in the regional maritime trade market was conducted. The estimation of the relation between the profit rate and the cost of loading and unloading works of the largest ports of Ukraine is presented and given, and the change in the structure of the cargo traffic of sea ports of Ukraine under the influence of new trends in the world maritime transport industry is analyzed.Conclusions. The systematic parameters of the competitiveness of Ukrainian seaports in the maritime trade market system are substantiated and the main principles of achieving the normalized economic results of functioning of the sea commercial ports of Ukraine are substantiated. The information-logistic model, which characterizes the influence of external conditions on the competitive positioning of national sea commercial ports, is presented. The main features of the competitiveness of national stevedoring operators are revealed. The new tendencies in the system of competitive positioning of the sea commercial ports of Ukraine are specified, factors of competitive stability of the port infrastructure under the conditions of risk and uncertainty are grounded. The revealed standards and restrictions of development of the port infrastructure of the national maritime trading ports in the system of globalization and integration.
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ROZVADOVSKA, O. V. "SUSTAINABILITY OF DEVELOPMENT OF MERCHANT SHIPPING OF UKRAINE IN TERMS OF DIVERSIFICATION OF MARITIME TRADE MARKET." Economic innovations 20, no. 3(68) (September 20, 2018): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.3(68).175-184.
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Topicality. Shipping is a global industry, and its prospects are closely linked to the level of economic activity in the world. A higher level of economic growth usually leads to higher output of industrial goods, which in turn stimulates imports and exports. In the conditions of globalization of economic relations, the complicated dynamics of the potential and results of the maritime trade market is formed. In this case, quantitative, qualitative and structural changes both in the industrial infrastructure as a whole, and within the separate subsystems are allocated. The dynamism of this process is becoming the most important factor in the development of maritime transport potential. Therefore, the article deals with the fundamental features of the required response to the set of changes in the global shipping industry.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to clarify the basic laws that determine the competitive directions of the development of commercial shipping in Ukraine in the context of the globalization of international relations, as well as to determine the prospects for the development of the maritime transport subsystem of Ukraine. It is important to identify rigid tendencies and new patterns of balanced and integrated development of the world transport industry and its regional, national and specialized subsystems.Research results. Strengthening and intensification of international integration processes puts a number of issues and problems before the Ukrainian economy. The presented article summarizes and substantiates the actual and important problem of the development of Ukraine's merchant fleet in the conditions of globalization of international relations, proposes a strategy for the formation of production potential for the competitive positioning of the marine transport complex of Ukraine, as well as scientific and practical recommendations for their implementation in the modern conditions of the country's economy.Conclusions. The modern structure of the world market of maritime transport services can be represented as a dynamically developed network of local markets, which intersect and / or do not overlap, whose boundaries form one or another segment of the market. Increasing the role of maritime enterprises in the system of maintaining the efficiency of the international division of labor leads to the emphasis on the national subsystems on the priority development of the fleet and ports. Solving the two-fold task - meeting the needs of the national economy and expanding the export of transport services forms, in the conditions of the availability of investment resources, the direction of development of enterprises of maritime transport. At the same time, the functions of the merchant fleet and ports are expanding and strategies for maintaining competitiveness within the active part of the company's life cycle are implemented, taking into account the uneven economic growth.
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RUBEL, O., A. A. ZHIKHAREVA, and N. REZNICHENKO. "INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF MARINE STRATEGY FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE: SYSTEM, DYNAMICS AND MEASURES." Economic innovations 20, no. 3(68) (September 20, 2018): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.3(68).185-196.
Full textAbstract:
Topicality. Over the past decade, there have been signs of improvement of the Black Sea. However, its unique water areas and coastline are still under serious threat. The Black Sea is unprotected from significant anthropogenic pressures, and has a low adaptive potential. If as the region's economy grows, these pressures will intensify, the problem will become more serious.The implementation of the Directive 2008/56/EC establishing a framework for Community action in the field of environmental policy on the marine environment (Marine Strategy Framework Directive) are important for Ukraine. The use of the marine environment, taking into account the ecosystem approach and the principle of integrated management improves the environment, biodiversity, development of industries marine complex, especially commercial fish and shellfish, recreation and tourism.Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to discuss the challenge to institutional development for funding of implementation of EC Marine strategy framework directive.Research results. Directive 2008/56/EC aims to achieve good environmental status of marine waters and to protect the marine resources that affect the economic and social activities. The main stages of the implementation of Directive 2008/56/EC include: 1) adoption of national legislation and designation the authority or authorities competent for the implementation of this Directive; 2) initial assessment of the current environmental status of marine waters; determine good environmental status for marine waters and establishment environmental targets and associated indicators; establishment of monitoring program for the development of ongoing assessment and regular updating purposes; 3) development programme of measures to achieve good environmental status.Focus is on methodological questions related to a common understanding of the technical and scientific implications of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. In particular, one of the objectives of the strategy is the development of non-legally binding and practical documents, such as co-financing of MSFD measures.Conclusions. The cooperation towards the setting up of the Common Maritime Agenda is a bottom-up process between the participating countries, with the involvement of the relevant stakeholders. Participation in the activities which will be undertaken under this cooperation remains voluntary, depending on the needs to be addressed and as appropriate.
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Kozubowskyi, Heorhii. "About One Debatable Question of Ukrainian History of the 14th Century." Arheologia, no. 1 (March 23, 2022): 55–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2022.01.055.
Full textAbstract:
The major element of Mongolian epoch in the East Europe was obligation to pay a tribute — «vyhod». The historical consequences of the Koriatovych brothers’ rule from the end of the 40’s of the 14th century and the triumph of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the heading of the Lithuanian Prince Algirdas in the Syni Vody battle of the 1362 in Podolia have been examined. A conception has been argued according to which Podolian Principality at the time of the Koriatovych brothers’ rule was liberated from the Horde warriors. Based on the analysis of the documents, archaeological and numismatic sources a conception of the releasing on the great part of Podolian lands from the Golden Horde and stopping the tribute payment — «vyhod». Also, the terms «basqaq», «ataman», «toman», «gifts» and «commemoration» are discussed. The Koriatovych brothers’ rule on Podolian land and Syni Vody battle of the 1362 had led not only to the significant transformation of the tax-tribute system (Mongol tribute — «vyhod», «basqaqs» and etc.), but also had a great influence on the all processes in Central Ukraine and the Golden Horde in the second part of the 14th—15th centuries. Based on the analysis of the written and numismatic sources it is concluded that the equilateral heraldic shield with three beams on the first field and seven lilies on the second, on the Moldavian coins of Peter I Mușat (1375—1392) and Podolian coins of Koriatovych brothers’ of 1370—1380, there is a dynastic emblem of the Anjou family as a symbol of Hungarian kings of Louis the Hungarian (1342—1382) and Maria (1382—1387). However, these coins don’t have the Golden Horde symbols, as they were minted per sample of the European coins. The control of the trade routes in the Buh and Dnister rivers basins greatly reduced the economic resources of the Golden Horde and separate hordes of the Crimea, Western and Central Ukraine and Moldova. In the 14th century Kamianets and Smotrych were not only medieval capital towns of the Koriatovych brothers’, but also the most important centers on the international «tatar» trade route («Via Tatarica»). However, the most important routes functioned first of all between Galician and Podolian cites and also the Golden Horde centers in the Dnister and Southern Buh rivers basins.