Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mariage – France – 19e siècle'
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Fallateuf, Cécile Marie. "Le mariage des rois de France (1600-1770)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CLF20007.
Full textMotivared by national or international political ambition, the marriage of the kings of France follows a ritual more and more codified in the course of the XVIIth century. To understand the ceremony and his political impact, it is necessary to analyse different stages which compose it. Royal marriage dresses a double definition of civil contract and sacrament. The contract formalizes diplomatic or territorial agreements between both kingdoms and regulates the new juridical existence of the bride as queen of France. As for the religious ceremony, it is organized at three time : the union by proxy in the kingdom of the princess, the trip of the bride until France, and finally the renewal of sacrament in the presence of both couple. This nonstandard time is opportunity to be delighted and to feast. Celebrations are very important in the conjugal ceremony because they participate in the communion of the people and monarchic power, while reinforcing social and hierarchic links. The necessity to sit the face of the king as divine and sovereign leader, calls elaboration to edit State ceremonies coming to reinforce and to define power. From Henri IV, power sees a means in marriage to transport political announcements and so, by means of a directed propaganda, to construct or repeat the ideal picture of the monarch and his wife in the monarchal system. The stake of this thesis is to known if the marriage of the king of France can be considered to be a State ceremony, in the same capacity as those studied by Kantorowicz and his followers
Keays, Lloyd-Eden. "L'État civil, fenêtre sur le monde ouvrier : étude des actes de mariage à Paris en 1856-1857." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0005/MQ31739.pdf.
Full textDobigny-Reverso, Anne. "Le notaire et la transmission du patrimoine à travers les contrats de mariage en Touraine : 1750-1850." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010302.
Full textAuger-Sergent, Anne-Sophie. "Les graffiti marins de Normandie (13e siècle- 19e siècle)." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010544.
Full textNormandy is extremely rich in ship graffiti, but we haven't any regional and synthetical studies about these iconographic sources. The inventory of Normand graffiti allows to have a corpus of some 500 documents dated from 13th to 19th centuries. The documents present essentialy ships, but also elements of ship (anchor, flag, rigging, head) or elements of navigation (sea-mark), animals (fisch, sea-bird), and maritime inscriptions. Their major value ist that graffiti give representations of boats of merchant navy and fisching navy, on which we haven't any iconographic source before the 18th century, and contribute to the repacement of naval iconographic material. The geographic repartition of ship graffiti follows the maritime and fluvial zones. They are omnipresent on the soft calcareous and plaster of the churchs, castles and traditionnal houses. In spite of their value for ship archaeology, graffiti pose a problem and particulary for determination and dating. The use of sails as leading thread allows at the same time a classification of ships graffiti, their typing according iconographic comparaisons, and their datation. Normand graffiti present merchant and coast ships. Barges are rare
Richardson, David. "Les mariages franco-britanniques en France au XVIIIème siècle (c. 1680- c. 1820)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040097.
Full textThis thesis offers a study of Franco-British couples and marriages in France during a long eighteenth century, from the 1680s to the 1820s. In order to characterise and demonstrate the exact nature of their diversity, they have been studied from three angles : legal, social and cultural. The first highlights the differences between British and French marriage law, and defines how a marriage between people of different nationalities, and often different religions, was observed. It also establishes the solutions brought to the specific problems arising from such intermarriages by the French justice system. Particular emphasis has been put on how these marriages accommodated State and canonical conventions, as well as on the issue of nationality with regard to binational marriages. The second angle examines the marriage practices of the British population in the French towns of Nantes and Boulogne-sur-Mer, differentiating between endogamous and exogamous marriages. This thesis also shows the variables governing the choice to marry into the French community: the nature of the British presence; the generation the British migrants belonged to; the gender of the British spouse; social rank. The third angle paints a comprehensive picture of Franco-British couples by analysing how they met, their choices of language, religion and schooling. From this can be established the emergence of a Franco-British family culture. This work thus indicates that Franco-British marriages can be viewed, by officialdom, local populations and the couples themselves, as a privileged vector of integration into French society
Adams, Henry Thomas. "L'évolution du canon obusier Paixhans et sa place dans la marine française de la première moitié du XIXe siècle." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040280.
Full textAt the end of the Napoleonic Wars, the french Navy was in a position of marked inferiority in relation to that of the british. Paixhans, an army artillery officer, presented the Navy with a means of overcoming its lack of material strength with his innovative shell gun. Steamers and fast frigates armed with his system would thus be able to combat on equal terms british warships due to the destructive force of the shells. The idea was initially rejected due in part to to the lack of success during the revolutionary wars of a similar system. Nevertheless, Paixhans was able to impose the milited adoption of his shell gun due to the force of his personality and through his contacts in the governmental and military hierarchy. This limited adoption of shell guns aboard french warships resulted from the fact that the french Navy with its program of naval construction and armement (guns of a unique caliber) had already chosen to continue to represent its maritime presence with a classical fleet of ships-of-the-line supported by heavily armed frigates
Le, Sergent Etel. "La pratique notariale orléanaise, de la coutume au Code civil : Les contrats de mariage orléanais de 1650 à 1850." Paris 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA020057.
Full textKerbourch, Noël. "La Marine française et le conflit terrestre en 1870-1871." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040126.
Full textThe 1870 war was characterized by the important participation of the Navy in the land operations although naval activity was limited. In fact, the Navy put 29,000 men and substantial arms at the disposition of the army. Firstly, one may well ask why this situation arose. Why did the Navy aid the army and what was the value of a sailor as a soldier? Secondly, the participation of the Navy in land operations must also be examined. That means studying the transfer of men and materials from the Navy to the army, the necessary transportation of troops by the Navy and the extent of armament introduction. And of course, the bravery of the sailors must not be forgotten either. Finally, it needs to be ascertained as to whether the French Navy proved to be up to justifying the financial expenditure carried out by the Second Empire in the naval sector
Gonzalez-Quijano, Lola. "Filles publiques et femmes galantes : des sexualités légitimes et illégitimes à l'intérieur des espaces sociaux et géographiques parisiens (1851-1914)." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0163.
Full textBased on a important corpus of prostitutional literature, novels, memories, and police archives, this thesis in history questions tensions and draws links between legitimate and illegitimates sexualities. During the second half of the 19th, the diversity of the practices and discourses about sexuality shows the plurality of prostitution's representations in the social imagination. Along a deep process of transformation of the Parisian society, this diversity also sheds light on the oppositions and confrontations between various social groups wich were trying to establish their conception of prostitution, sexuality, marriage and conjugality. The first part tackles the various paths of the prostitutes and the "femmes galantes", the "demi-monde", the student's sexuality and the rise of abolitionism. It demonstrates that the contestation of arranged marriages and the process of love marriages had transformes illegitimate sexualities before influencing marital and familial strategies. A phenomenon wich explains the multiplication of the "femmes entretenues" (kept women) and "parallel couples". The second part focusses on the evolution of the prostitutional activities with the emergence of Modern Paris. Thus, brothel's decline and prostitution's metamorphosis appear to be less linked to an evolution of the male sexual desire than to the rise of leisure and entertainment spaces to the extroversion of the Bourgeois lifestyle, as a consequence of the changes in the public space
Hubert, Armelle. "Etude des contrats de mariage et de la pratique notariale à Paris au milieu du XVIIIe siècle (1749-1758)." La Rochelle, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LAROD004.
Full textCourier-Christophe, Monique. "Le mariage en Savoie au XVIIIe siècle : les contraintes du choix, les difficultés conjugales, les déordres sexuels." Lyon 2, 1988. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1988/courier-christophe_m.
Full textThe first part defines the historic framework of the research. The second part is a study of the restrictions that bear on the choice of the wife or husband. The aim is to find the reasons which motivate the young to marry. The study of family relations, of paternal authority, of canonical restraints, of social pression of youth rules and of the reviews of lawsuit about broken promises, allows to separate official reasons and real reasons ; and to mesure the freedom given to everyone to take a personal choice. The third part takes an interest to conjugal failures. Requests for annulment and separation ; complaints about adultery ; murder of the spouse, are various aspects of the bad understanding between married couples. This bad understanding is a public affair when the behaviour of the faulty spouse becomes scandalous for the parish. Adulteries, concubinages are denounced to the justice that tries, often in vain, to put it in order. The scandal is often caused by an illegitimate birth. These bastards are rejected by everybody. The fathers, prosecuted for affiliation deny their responsability ; the country community tries to remove the unmarried mothers who are financial charge for the parish. The mothers, alone and dishonoured become often guilty of infanticide or of neglecting their children. The circonstances of these offences show the great distress of the concerned female population
Brisou, Dominique. "Accueil, introduction et développement de l'énergie vapeur dans la Marine militaire française au XIXème siècle." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040031.
Full textThe industrial revolution which acted France between 1815 and 1870 provoked a true maritime revolution in the French navy, because of steam-engine application for ship-propulsion, and its introduction into the navy yards for moving a lot of machine tools furnished by industry. A paddle fleet was developed into areas peripheral to the main sail fleet. However these new ships were not able for warfare, because they were very vulnerable and not able to have sufficient gunnery. After an estimation period (1843-1847), the screw propeller harmonized sail with steam, so that engineer Stanislas Dupuy de Lôme invented the first true steam capital ship (1850). Then many sail battleships were equipped by auxiliary engine which fitted in the new screw propeller. Since 1860 another adaptation was made necessary because of the invention of armored capital ship by Dupuy de Lôme, who developed for her an engine which profited by new science showing a better steam use. On that account, 1870 is an important date because surface condenser was adopted; this apparatus then authorized increase of pressure, thus flight of power practicable for ships
Dirou, Michèle. "Stratégies matrimoniales et descendance en Basse-Bretagne : Roscoff et sa région de 1650 à 1850." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010547.
Full textBattesti, Michèle. "La marine de Napoléon III : Une politique navale." Université Savoie Mont Blanc, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CHAML004.
Full textUnder the reign of Napoleon III, the navy is conceived as an economic, social, technical, technological structure of the 19th century during the expansion of the industrial evolution. This thesis is composed of four parts. The first is consacred to the navy inherited by Napoleon III and the revival of fleet, through the impetus by crimean war, distinguished by the generalization of the screw propeller, the introduction of the armour and the armoured warsphips, giving the french navy the opportunity to attain apogee in 1863 with the putting into service of the first armoured squadron of the history. The second part touch on the decision-making process, the administrative structure and all the grade of personnel - naval officers, naval engineers, chaplains, naval medical officers, engineers, gunners, seamen, ship's boys, naval orphans, marines, etc. - for delimit their way of recruitment, education training and their social origin. The third part concerns the modernization of the naval ports and dockyards - town's workers - and the evolution of the fleet in the all components - artillery, types of warships, tactics, et cetera - under the pressure of international events, disrupted by the naval arms race, the american civil war and the battle of Lissa. The fourth part tackles the foreign policy and the "victories" of the french navy under all the theatres in Europe (Italy) as well as overseas (Mexico, Far East, Africa, et cetera) to the defeat of the franco-prussian war. During the period of the second Empire, the navy is treated "horizontally" on the human, civilian, military, diplomatic, strategic, geostrategic and technical plane to try to reveal the naval imperial policy and justifiy the designation of "Napoleon III's navy"
Hue, Virginie. "Etude critique du traité d'hygiène navale de F. V. Palois, chirurgien navigans nantais." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT053P.
Full textPauquet, Alain. "La société et les relations sociales en Berry au milieu du XIXe siècle : essai d'une histoire globale de la sociabilité dans le département du Cher de 1830 à 1855." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010709.
Full textIn the middle of the nineteenth century, the society in cher (the northern part of Berry) was still intensely rural, agrarian and inequal (domination of large estates). Population was increasing fastly, thanks to a high birth rate and a declining mortality. The industrial and agricultural revolution had started since about eighteen hundred and thirty five, but it was slowed down by the crisis of the middle of the century. Democratic ideas spread out under the second republic and, in the year eighteen forty nine, a majority of electors voted for the "reds". The analysis of marriage certificates of eighteen hundred and forty five has allowed a better knowledge of this society. A statistical study has been done for each social class and each profession, about social mobility, migrations, the choice of spouses (according to their age, homogamy or endogamy) as well as sociability of friendship and kinship (proved by the witnesses at the wedding). Computer graphics made with the analysis of contingency tables have been realised for each kind of social relationship. As far as friendship relationship are concerned, the computer graphic is like a sociometric test, at a large scale, which reveals the system of social links, better than the analysis of marriages themselves. The diversity of social gatherings appears in the sociological study of public places, private meetings, festivals and strikes as well. This research about sociability (which includes geographical variations) also describes the structures of families (using a typology), associations (especially about clubs) and the other side of sociability (criminality and all kinds of violence). As a conclusion, the writer, who insists on the social brake of the first years of the reign of louis-philippe, suggests the project of an "historical sociometry"
Marlier, Jean-Noël. "Les approvisionnements et les fournisseurs de la Marine sous le second Empire (Brest, Cherbourg et Toulon)." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA1023.
Full textThanks to and through more 4 000 procurement contracts and 1 400 suppliers collected in Brest, Cherbourg and Toulon Navy's files, the author is looking for an accurate view of day-by-day life of a modernizing fleet. Woodened et sailed ships are always operating beside steam powered ones. So, French Navy seems more as an armoured fleet than ironed one. Iron makers, as Schneider or de Wendel, or engines builders, as Mazeline or Calla, are well known and supply the Navy in the forefront of technology. In the same time, west archaic weaving plants struggle for life thanks to the procurement contracts. And in the harbours where the naval bases are settled, shopkeepers and merchants representing major firms wait for the right moment to become also a supplier and, above all, notables
Zanco, Jean-Philippe. "Le ministère de la Marine sous le Second empire." Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10027.
Full textThrough the Second empire, the French Navy sees an uncommon development and a substantial improvement. For twenty years, the warship changes his sails for a steam machinery, his wooden structure for an iron work ; it takes an armour and improves his artillery. Moreover, the permanence of imperial government enables France to have a true and long term maritime and colonial policy, challenging Britain. The subject of the thesis consists in studying the marine central administration through the mutation years 1848-1871, by two major bearings : - problems (particularly relating to administrative structures) of decision and management, peculiar to the marine department ; analysis of the various counsel and execution organs capability to fit on technical, strategic and logistic needs of the new navy ; - picture from life of a both military and marine ministry in the second half of the ninetieth century ; social survey and eventually biography of the men who compounded the ministry, rulers and office workers. Thesis plan : introductory chapter : strengths and weaknesses of the Second empire navy ; part one : decide and govern (four chapters : the decision center - central services and "special-skilled men" - crippled councils - are the central offices the true center of impulse ?) ; part two : management and life of the central offices (three chapters : office workers organization and management - "physiology" of clerk - in and out offices : environment and working circumstances)
Agresti, Jean-Philippe. "Les régimes matrimoniaux en Provence à la fin de l'ancien régime : contribution à l'étude du droit et de la pratique notariale en pays de droit écrit." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32026.
Full textBefore the enactment of the french Civil Code which instored a legal united property of marriage, there were in Provence marital agreements. No researches were made on it for the 18th century. Confronted archives show that Provence had a complete and unique system of rules which had the same function as other legal systems founded on inner customs. The provençal marital agreements form an efficient system based on a de facto separation of estates, copied on a triumphal roman model. The dotal agreement is favored by jurisconsults as the wright model. Jurisconsults and notaries use dowry system and separation of estates with talent and good sense. Provence shows a very common practise of marital agreement which corresponds to the rules applied by jurisconsults. There are very few examples of united property in marriage. Nevertheless, at this time, the marital agreement is no more a familial charter but is already centered on dotal apport
Johnson, Cynthia J. "La face cachée du modèle : dévolutions et disputes dans les familles de la France méridionale (XIIe siècle)." Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20032.
Full textThis thesis uses a new approach to illuminate medieval kinship by analyzing transfers of familial property in ways that incorporate concerns of timing, practice, and agency. Three premises guided the research. First, this thesis focuses on the experiences of the non-noble population. Second, this method focuses on practices, and reveals that medieval Occitanians, including women, enjoyed a significant amount of agency to choose among several ways of dealing their property and their kin. This project considers the intra-familial disputes that arose as part of a process in which kinship was activated (or not) in practice by invoking norms about kinship. Finally, this dissertation focuses on “devolution”—a term designating the long-term process of transmitting property among generations at different junctures. Considerable attention has been paid to the moment in the life-cycle of a family when events occurred and to its composition at that time, since these factors determined practices
Gaillard, Claire-Lise. ""Célibataire épouserait demoiselle avec dot" : histoire du marché de la rencontre en France (XIXe au XXe siècle)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA01H063.
Full textAt the beginning of the 19th century, postrevolutionary France witnessed the invention of a new kind of market : matchmaking. Marriage agencies, which first flourished in Paris, gained new customers. The market grew even further in size as it spread into the classifieds of major newspapers. As early as the middle of the century, it became common knowledge that one could go to an agency or place an advertisement in the newspapers to find a marriage partner. Being a marriage agent or a matchmaker was henceforth a commercial activity, This new business quickly came up against a major challenge. Both intermediaries and their customers found themselves stigmatized because their activity was perceived as a dangerous extension of market activities into the family and the domestic sphere. Despite these negative representations, the dating market was increasingly well stocked andmarriages by advertisement made up a non-négligeable portion of all marriages. This study is organized around three lines of inquiry. The first shows how this contested market developed over the 19th and 20th centuries into a fixture in the social and cultural landscape of french society. It also describes how this new business worked and how people reacted to it . The second presents the evolution of matchmakers’ intermediation practices. Finally, the third analyzes customer expectations and strategies. Three corpora were chosen from across the period under study: the registers of a Parisian agency between 1842 and 1849, the advertisements of a marriage newspaper "L’Alliance des Familles" between 1876 and 1894 and those of "L'lntermédiaire Discret" for the interwar period. The analysis of these corpora opens new avenues for the history of marital choice, and more generally for histories of the couple and of marriage
Berneron-Couvenhes, Marie-Françoise. "La Compagnie de navigation française des messageries maritimes de 1851 à 1914 : entreprise de transport et service public." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040181.
Full textLeopoldie, Nicole. "The Franco-American love affaire : transnational courtship and marriage patterns during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC142/document.
Full textSituated in the methodologies of transnational history, cultural history, and the history of emotions, this work examines and compares courtship and marriage patterns that occurred between France and the United States during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Because the social practices of courtship and marriage became mechanisms through which borders were crossed and new cultural spaces were created, these relationships represent important elements of transnational entanglements. This work, therefore, not only seeks to examine the ways in which observable patterns of transnational marriage emerged out of social spaces of cross-cultural encounter between the two societies but also how the dynamics of those encounters changed over time. While existing scholarship on the subject has pointed to obvious socio economic motivations for these marriages, I contend that such rationalizations are simply too narrow and that greater analytical considerations need to include both cultural and emotional motivations that were always in the background. By locating and identifying transnational spaces that produced marriages, and analyzing the cultural and emotional dimensions of those spaces, I argue that marriage participants were largely driven by a strong emotional attachment to perceived cultural differences that stretched beyond the national polity. Within the shifting global contexts of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, these marriages, therefore, provoke important questions regarding family formation, the role of marriage in the making of national cohesion and belonging, and the permeability of national borders during different stages of the national project
Sáez, Lacave Pilar. "José Maria Sert y Badia (1874-1945), peintre catalan entre tradition et modernité." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20027.
Full textLe, Fur-Le Douget Annick. "Famille, communauté villageoise et violence : la société rurale finistérienne face à la justice (1815-1914)." Thesis, Brest, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BRES0021.
Full textDrawing on the combined resources of the judicial and diocesan archives, this study of the spectre of violence within the family group unfolds against the backdrop of the rural and maritime society of Finistère during the period of cultural change that took place in the XIXth century. The study of marriage dispensations stresses the deep importance of belonging to a community group. The material from the archives of the judiciary allows us to gauge the dynamics of violence within the family. Moreover, it sheds a new light on the relationship between the people of Finistère’s own justice system and the machinery of the law, as well as the part played by the Breton language and the weight of tradition as a hindrance in the process of normalization of law. Was this clash of cultures an ominous sign, foretelling the decay of a parochial civilization facing modernity ?
Delobette, Edouard. ""Ces Messieurs du Havre. Négociants, commissionnaires et armateurs de 1680 à 1830. "." Caen, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00219751v1.
Full textLe, Clerc-Grozieux de Laguérenne Claude. "Etude de la matière médicale de 1833 à travers les écrits du pharmacien de la marine René Primevère Lesson." Nantes, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NANT02VS.
Full textFourmanoir, Jerome. "Apparition et développement du paysage septentrional dans la peinture française au XIXe siècle." Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30056.
Full textIn addition to the many studies of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais, this thesis aims to highlight the emergence and development of the northern landscape in French paintings of the nineteenth century. Even though there have already been some studies done regarding the Normandy and Brittany regions, it is not the case for the Nord-Pas-de-Calais. This never published before research combined with the historical context aims to study and identify the movement of artists within the region whose artistic culture is dense. This will help us understand when and how were developed these achievements. The study also aims to identify and define the emblematic patterns of the region such as belfries, mills, dune areas, marshes ... The study will use a collection of works, forming a catalogue representative of the northern landscape in the nineteenth century
Marras, Jean-Charles. "Hommes d'ordre, sources de désordre : conflits entre civils et militaires, l'exemple du port de Toulon (1715-1815)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30103.
Full textThe present dissertation deals with the conficts and disorders between Toulon’s naval authorities and those of the city’s various administrative bodies. The study is chiefy based on the correspondence of the intendants. The thesis is organised in three parts. First of all, the quarrels about the control over the different areas in the arsenal and in town, which led to conficts of interest relating to buildings and plots of land. In addition to which one must add areas of public unrest, such as public squares or detention facilities. The superimposition of powers and jurisdictions are taken into account as well,illustrated, for instance, by port policing of crimes and misdemeanours, as well as the order of precedence. – Secondly we considered the supplying of a military harbour. Timber was the essential raw material in the days of a sailing feet. Manydiffculties would arise between the moment when a tree was felled and its arrival in the arsenal workshops. Wheat and wine were also critical for supplying ships. In Toulon local taxes on these commodities also created trouble. – Last to examine were the sea-board conscription and its practices of hiring sailors onto warships. Despite having been founded at the time of Colbert, this institution was not particularly well accepted by seamen. Amnesties and pardons contrasted with harsh punishments inficted on fugitives. Times of military build-up and on-boarding of seamen concentrated all these issues
Guillemard, Eléna. "L'adieu aux ordres. Les sécularisations des religieuses au moment de la Réforme (France, Suisse, Angleterre, XVIe siècle)." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3020.
Full textOut of the 200 or so women that I found who left the religious orders during the 16th century in France, Switzerland and England, certain life paths suggest the difficulty of adapting to the secular life, especially in terms of economy. Indeed, these women, often deprived of family support (they were able to leave against the will of their families because their exit threatened family legacies by reintroducing them as potential heirs), alone in the world for the first time, had to find the means for a secular adaptation. But their capacity for action was often limited: thus, on the one hand, noble women, such as Charlotte de Bourbon, the future Princess of Orange, left and regained their former social position, with the help of various networks of solidarity; on the other hand, less famous women, from families with various social backgrounds, faced the return to the world without any economic, friendly or family support. A question then arises as to the future of these women: what form does their secularization take? If Protestant and Catholic discourses acclaimed or condemned marriage, it would seem that only some of the women who had escaped from the cloister chose that path. Thus, these paths present multiple alternatives, between forming a conjugal home, obtaining pensions, annuities, or returning to their parents’ home. Through these paths, the former nuns invented their life itineraries, in a context of religious confrontations in which their status as former nuns constantly influenced and conditioned the modalities of their return to the world
Vencent, Hélène. "Les élèves officiers de marine à la fin du Premier Empire et leur destin." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040091.
Full textThe Navy « Écoles spéciales » (in Brest and Toulon) were created by a bill on Septembre 27th 1810 by Napoleon and his minister of Navy, Decrès. The revolutionary era had weakened the Naval officers corps ; therefore, this decision fit into the larger education reforms by Napoleon but calls back as well to the traditional schooling of Naval officers. But those schools were shut down during the Restauration : Only one generation of officers benefited from these schools and one third of those officers remained in the Navy. Studying their career shows that, in spite of the Navy being purged during the Restauration, Napoleon’s ambition to create an elite was kept alive by those alumni who managed to stay in the Navy. The second part tackles the key objectives of the Navy as seen through the eyes and actions of these officers. These men stand out through the energy they deploy in scientific endeavours and studies, but also through their service in the military operations of the time. This study shines a light on men who, thanks to their chosen profession, are a bridge between France and oversea territories, and know how to navigate the changing politics of their time, both domestically and overseas. Thanks to their logs and reports, we can also take a closer look at the men under the uniform, studying in a third part their family life, the health aspects of their profession and the relationship those officers have with civilian authorities and their hierarchy
Lutun, Bernard. "Une autre marine (1756-1789) : réforme d'une institution." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0032.
Full textThe author describes the royal government's extensive endeavors to subject naval officers to a permanent chain of command by eliminating the ad hoc hierarchy, which existed only during periods of armament and which was the major reason - together with insufficient practice - for the lack of discipline and the general insubordination prevailing in that corps. The results were mixed, but the American war and the change of perspective that followed enabled the government to take essential measures -across the entire military - aiming in particular at selecting and training candidates from the nobility more efficiently. Influential and vocal memebers of the corps hab been trying since 1756 to appropriate the role which the officiers de plume played in the administration of the arsenals, and they partly succeeded in doing so in 1776. The author first discusses the organization set up by Colbert, then the system that replaced it -on which, because it led to the militarization of the economic service, would later become a hindrance to the Navy
Erouihane, Nabil. "La « construction des armes navales » en France de 1871 à 1961 : naissance et restructuration d’un système politico-industriel." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BOR30006.
Full textFrom 1871 to 1961, the French Navy underwent changes of all kinds which were at the origin of the emergence of a new system of production of naval weapons. This transformation was caused by a continuous need to strengthen the fleet, by successive and rapid technological innovations, and by the triumph of industrial capitalism. From the 3rd to the 5th Republic, the construction of naval weapons therefore passed from industrial practices centered on the traditional arsenals and factories of the Navy, to the command of warships entrusted to private industry
Richard, Stéphanie. "Vies et morts des couples. Les séparations conjugales princières (Deuxième Maison d’Orléans, XIVe-XVe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040164.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the topic of marital separation in its various forms; it aims at analyzing the behaviors which are implemented by spouses of higher nobility on such occasions. The phrase marital separation may be used to designate a wide range of configurations: for example, when husband and wife, though still married, are not living together, or when a marriage comes to an end, all these situations being reached through a legal process or not. This research is especially based on a thorough analysis examining the couples of the Second House of Orleans in the 14th and 15th centuries, as the marital lives of these Dukes and Duchesses provide a large sample of possible cases of separation. The research shows that the realities associated with marriage and married life are much more complex than what ecclesiastical and secular rules suggest on these matters. Another purpose of this thesis is to improve our understanding of the conjugal structure in princely aristocracy and of how married couples work. Therefore, the study sheds light on the solidarities shared by spouses when their separation does not derive from their own will to part. It shows that married couples are primarily defined by economic bonds between husband and wife. This work also highlights the possible autonomy enjoyed by spouses, in society and towards each other, in the cases where at least one of them intends to adjourn cohabitation or wants to put an end to their marriage
Duboy, Maryse. "Histoire sociale comparée de Fumel, Penne, Villeneuve et Aiguillon en Agenais au XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30046/document.
Full textFrom the perspective of a contribution to the history of Aquitaine, the study will seek to set a sufficiently representative spatial framework - i.e. the Valley of the Lot to Fumel at the confluence with the River Garonne. The fact to add to our research, the area of the confluence place automatically our study in the dependence of the garonnais axis, and outlet downstream that is the port city of Bordeaux, is known to the extraordinary dynamism in the 18th century. What are the strategies of our four communities facing the Centre of Bordeaux attraction that impulse to the descent as to the dates, commercial traffic largely dependent on the needs of a growing city and trade with the Islands. The constituent material of this social history is based on the quantitative treatment of inventories after deaths and marriages contracts, these more limited; a first evaluation of the corpus available for the four localities cited, and inventoried in the Archives of Lot-et-Garonne, close to five thousand documents. The comprehensive exploitation of these sources is arranged on three periods of ten or twenty years surrounding the limits of the eighteenth century and a period in the middle. Our survey data should allow the development of a social stratigraphy, significant testimony of the particular vocation of each of the localities. The comparative approach to the age-old duration will strengthen this perception by placing it in an evolutionary dynamics in the long term. We also consider a reading more in depth, closer to the individual, as we invite the current historiographical reflection around behaviors. Will social ascent and decommissioning be readable as a voluntary strategies or reproduction of a model based on and in its category of membership, widely reported by the family universe?
Giuliani, Fabienne. "Enquête sur les relations incestueuses dans la France du XIXe siècle (1791-1898)." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010686.
Full textLachapelle, Marie-Andrée. "L'insertion sociale des engagés dans les campagnes du gouvernement de Québec dans la deuxième moitié du XVIIe siècle." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ38124.pdf.
Full textBonnet, Vincent. "Le mariage à l'épreuve de la volonté des époux." Lyon 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO3A004.
Full textDelmeire, Yohan. "Les spécificités régionales des comportements d'union à la fin du XXème siècle." Bordeaux 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR40022.
Full textDuring the XXth century, union's behaviours were considerably changed. Mariage, founder element of couple life during the first half of the century, happens frequently later in unions at the end of the XXth century, and first unions are more and more often broken. Second unions become more frequent. Regional analysis of the union behaviours evolution at the end of the XXth century shows a clear dichotomy between the north(northeast), where first unions are relatively more frequent and more precocious, and the south, were, at the opposite, first unions happen less frequently and later. Regional statistical correlations between phenomena linked to the first union and fertility are, in spite of the fall of intensity of primonuptiality in the generations, are stable and strong. If fertility is always linked to primonuptiality in the generations of the middle of the WWth century, it's more and more linked to the fact to live a first union (with or without marriage). So, a broad part of regional fertility variations are explain by regional union behaviours's variations
Graham, Lesley. "Voyageurs écossais en France au XIXe siècle : image de la France, reflet de l'Ecosse." Bordeaux 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR30013.
Full textThe thirty-four travel books that are the original source material of this thesis were all written by scottish travellers between 1814 and 1880. The first section examines the nature of their journeys and the various motivations for their visits fo france. The travellers fall into into six groups : witnesses of historical events, journalists (including john scott and angus b. Reach). Writers (notably walter scott and robert louis stevenson), valetudinarians, tourists and specialists. The records of their journeys are then examined from two angles. The second section presents the image of france as it is perceived and portrayed by the scottish travellers while the third section analyses the reflection of scotland discernable in the descriptions of france. The picture the travellers paint of france is overwhelmingly negative because their aim is almost always to enhance the reputation of great britain and so they tend to highlight the problems and weaknesses of france rather than is strong points. The travellers look at france from two different points of view which they adopt alternately depending on the situation : one british, or even anglo-british, the other more specifically scottish. The british point view reflects a clear feeling of superiority over france while the scottish point of view betrays the profound of. .
Monet, Jacques. "Emergence de la kinésithérapie en France à la fin du XIXe et au début du XXe siècle : une spécialité médicale impossible : genèse, acteurs et intérêts de 1880 à 1914." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/histmed/asclepiades/pdf/monet1.pdf.
Full textBadea-Păun, Gabriel. "Antonio de La Gandara : sa vie, son oeuvre (1861-1917)." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040062.
Full textThis thesis attempts to present the entire career of antonio de la gandara (paris, 1861 – paris, 1917) in the form of a catalogue raisonne of his paintings and drawings, precedeed by a biographical volume. This first volume charts his career from his debut at gerome's and the cabaret du chat noir to his succesful exhibition in 1893 at durand-ruel's gallery, which brought him prestigious portrait comissions from the european aristocracy and high bourgeoisie. It provides the opportunity to define the place of his work as a portrait painter among the so-called " mondains " portraitistes at the end of the 19th century and the begining of the 20th century. This study is completed by a chapter devoted to his prints ? And another one to the relationship of his work to the contemporary literature
Roblin, Laurent. ""Le commerce de la mer" : Nantes 1680-1730." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040259.
Full textVellutini, Maïté. "La succession non ab intestat au 19ème siècle." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32046.
Full textFirmino, Sophie. "Les réfugiés carlistes en France de 1833 à 1843." Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR2040.
Full textUmezawa, Aya. "La prison cellulaire et la folie des prisonniers : histoire des représentations de la prison et des prisonniers (1819-1848)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010585.
Full textGaboriaux, Chloé. "Le paysan français, un enjeu idéologique au XIXe siècle : perspectives françaises et perspectives sur la France." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0045.
Full textIn a still overwhelmingly rural France, universal male suffrage introduced in 1848 made peasants become a major electoral force. What this thesis shows is that it also made them become an ideological stake for the political movements, who tried to give such an explanation of rural voters’ political behaviours that might reinforce their political positions. Debates about peasants reveal the conceptions of representation at a time when the masses entered politics. In particular, they underline the role of rural “bonapartism” in the phrasing of republican theories and in the changes the latter underwent during the 19th century. Rural voters disappointed the expectations of the Republicans and therefore forced them to revise the relationships they previously established between material progress and political commitment, communal sociability and citizenship, civil liberty and political liberty. At a moment when the validity of political theories was mainly based on their sociological pertinence, the analysis of the peasant persona puts into perspective the splits that then separated the different political families and divided the Republicans themselves, especially in the debates concerning the Radicals’ ideal of direct democracy, the issue of decentralization or the 1875 constitutional laws. By scrutinizing the social and geographical imaginary background that underlay political positions, it is possible to put forward the major ideological issues raised by the various institutional answers then given to the question of representation
Didier, Bénédicte. "Le grand Mardi-Gras de l'esprit : étude de cinq petites revues bohèmes fin de siècle (1878-1889) : Le Panurge, Le Chat Noir, La Vogue, Le Décadent, La Plume." Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE1060.
Full textThe five "minor periodicals" presented here are characteristic of the artistic life that had developed on the fringes of the formal French culture by the end of the 19th century. That unconventional journalism (1878-1889) acknowledged the condition of the bohemian artist as well as his cavalier attitude. The first part of this doctoral thesis describes these periodicals, their contents, their history and their contributors. In the second and third parts, the notion of "bohemian spirit" is discussed in a multi-topical approach. Such anti-conformist magazines, combining a wish to shock and a craving for acceptance by the artists and literati of the time, confirm Jerrold Seigel's theorie concerning literary life. Using the notions of strategy and of awareness of literary sphere, the fourth part analyses the machinery of an avant-garde press yearning for legitimacy. Finally the fifth part presents the leaders of a forgotten brotherhood : the "bohemian smugglers"
Tardy, Jean-Noël. "Les catacombes de la politique : conspiration et conspirateurs en France (1818-1870)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010647.
Full textManfredonia, Gaetano. "Études sur le mouvement anarchiste en France : 1848-1914." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990IEPP0021.
Full textThe work which is presented is constitued of three parts : a PHD dissertation already presented at the Institut d'études politiques of Paris in 1984 on anarchist individualism in France (1880-1914); two other complementary researches on the anarghist songs in France from the Commune to Ravachol (1870-1894) and pro and con the republic? The French anarchists and the republican tradition (1848-1914). The anarchists movement took its largest development during the period beginning at the Paris Commune and the first world war, adopting a specific behavior and specific ideological themes which differentiated it from other socialist groups. But few studies have been made concerning the internal dynamics of the movement, its internal conflicts and structuration. Our object is not only to fill in the gaps of the documentations collected by Jean Maitron but amso to subsume the narrative approach of the libertarian movement which minimizes the stakes of its internal debates. The history of this movement has been conflictual and has little to do with the so called "eternal principles" of anarchisme. On many points the traditional image of the anarchists must be considerably reconsidered