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Journal articles on the topic 'Marginal voices'
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Mitra, A. "Marginal voices in cyberspace." New Media & Society 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14614440122225976.
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MITRA, ANANDA. "Marginal Voices in Cyberspace." New Media & Society 3, no. 1 (March 2001): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444801003001003.
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Hamenoo, Emma Seyram, and Siv Oltedal. "Listen to marginal voices." Journal of Comparative Social Work 18, no. 1 (June 6, 2023): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/jcsw.v18i1.666.
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Nemoianu, Virgil. "Marginal Voices, Marginal Forms: Diaries in European Literature and History (review)." Comparative Literature Studies 40, no. 4 (2003): 439–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cls.2003.0034.
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S. Baviskar, Ghansham. "MARGINAL VOICES IN ALICE WALKERS STRONG HORSE TEA." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 07 (July 31, 2021): 910–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13191.
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The dominant forces, the torchbearers of civilizations in America, have always silenced marginal voices.Thereligious books have always been the instrumental foundationsfor the whites to retaindominance across the world. Ruthlesswhites like the Aryansdefeated the nativesand enslaved them in their trap. They enforced slavery and imbibed the superstitious notions and outdated religious rituals that never allowed the oppressed to question its authorityon the base of reason and science. In the twentieth century, the emergence of revolutions and the movements for the human rights of the African Americans forced the imperialists to accept democratic values, implement, and administer them in the countries. Under the influence of the dominant oppressive forces, thewhiteskept the downtrodden and oppressed people ignorant about it. The pains and problems of the people did not end with the abolition of slavery and untouchability in both the countries but continuedhorribly in racist, classist, and sexist society. The vintages of slavery resulted from the race and caste are still on display in the slums.The humble dwellers in the slumsstruggle never ending problems caused by the elite dominated industrialism and capitalism in the metropolitan citieswhere there is hardly any room and scope for their growth and emancipation. Alice Walkers Strong Horse Tea voicesthe margins who were rejected and dejected for ages. This paper is an attempt to throw light on the margins within the margins and voice the miserable livesof the oppressed, those who struggle against the oppressionandare silenced meticulously by the hypocritical ruthless masters.
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Stice, Elizabeth. "Literary journalism and world war I marginal voices." First World War Studies 10, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 158–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19475020.2019.1667611.
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Sun, YuXiang, Lili Ming, Jiamin Sun, FeiFei Guo, Qiufeng Li, and Xueping Hu. "Brain mechanism of unfamiliar and familiar voice processing: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis." PeerJ 11 (March 13, 2023): e14976. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14976.
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Interpersonal communication through vocal information is very important for human society. During verbal interactions, our vocal cord vibrations convey important information regarding voice identity, which allows us to decide how to respond to speakers (e.g., neither greeting a stranger too warmly or speaking too coldly to a friend). Numerous neural studies have shown that identifying familiar and unfamiliar voices may rely on different neural bases. However, the mechanism underlying voice identification of individuals of varying familiarity has not been determined due to vague definitions, confusion of terms, and differences in task design. To address this issue, the present study first categorized three kinds of voice identity processing (perception, recognition and identification) from speakers with different degrees of familiarity. We defined voice identity perception as passively listening to a voice or determining if the voice was human, voice identity recognition as determining if the sound heard was acoustically familiar, and voice identity identification as ascertaining whether a voice is associated with a name or face. Of these, voice identity perception involves processing unfamiliar voices, and voice identity recognition and identification involves processing familiar voices. According to these three definitions, we performed activation likelihood estimation (ALE) on 32 studies and revealed different brain mechanisms underlying processing of unfamiliar and familiar voice identities. The results were as follows: (1) familiar voice recognition/identification was supported by a network involving most regions in the temporal lobe, some regions in the frontal lobe, subcortical structures and regions around the marginal lobes; (2) the bilateral superior temporal gyrus was recruited for voice identity perception of an unfamiliar voice; (3) voice identity recognition/identification of familiar voices was more likely to activate the right frontal lobe than voice identity perception of unfamiliar voices, while voice identity perception of an unfamiliar voice was more likely to activate the bilateral temporal lobe and left frontal lobe; and (4) the bilateral superior temporal gyrus served as a shared neural basis of unfamiliar voice identity perception and familiar voice identity recognition/identification. In general, the results of the current study address gaps in the literature, provide clear definitions of concepts, and indicate brain mechanisms for subsequent investigations.
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Ariani, Mega Fransiska, and Eggy Fajar Andalas. "SUARA-SUARA MASYARAKAT PINGGIRAN DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN <em>ORANG-ORANG PINGGIRAN</em> KARYA LEA PAMUNGKAS." Alayasastra 17, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 279–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36567/aly.v17i2.796.
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ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap suara-suara masyarakat yang dimarginalkan dalam kumpulan cerpen Orang-Orang Pinggiran karya Lea Pamungkas. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sosiologi sastra dengan metode penelitian deskripsi kualitatif hermeneutik. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah karya sastra berupa kumpulan cerpen Orang-Orang Pinggiran karya Lea Pamungkas. Data pada penelitian ini berupa teks yang memperlihatkan suara-suara masyarakat pinggiran. Hasil penelitian ini berupa marginalisasi terhadap perempuan dan kelompok masyarakat. Marginalisasi pada perempuan, yaitu perempuan dianggap hanya sebagai subjek pemuas nafsu kaum laki-laki. Marginalisasi terhadap kelompok masyarakat ini berupa suara yang diabaikan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan sehingga menyebabkan kemiskinan Indonesia.Kata kunci: kumpulan cerpen, marginal, masyarakat pinggiran, sosiologi sastra ABSTRACT This study aims to reveal the voices of the marginalized in a collection of short stories Orang-Orang Pinggiran by Lea Pamungkas. This research uses sociology of literature theory with hermeneutic qualitative description research method. The Source of this research is a literary work in the form of a collection of short stories from Orang-Orang Pinggiran by Lea Pamungkas. The data in this study are in the form of texts that show the voices of marginalized communities. The result of this research is the marginalization of women and community groups. Marginalization of women, women are considered only as a subject to satisfy the lust of men. The marginalization of this community groups is in the form of their a voice that is ignored in meeting their needs, causing poverty in Indonesia.Keywords: a collection of short stories, marginal, marginal societ, literary sociology
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Subba, Rathika. "Voices of the Marginal: Comparative Analysis of Mahasweta Devi’s “Draupadi” and Asit Rai’s Yantrana." New Literaria 04, no. 01 (2023): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.48189/nl.2023.v04i1.010.
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Postcolonialism has ushered in creating possibilities to locate the voices of the marginalized. In this light Mahasweta Devi is one of the prolific writers who has championed the cause of the suppressed and the marginalized sections of the society. Her works seek to rewrite and represent their history and reality as they are the ones who actually contribute towards history writing. “Draupadi” (1981) is about individual courage, determination and resilience. The protagonist of the story cuts across class, caste and gender barriers and protests against the brutality of state-sponsored violence, atrocity and inhumanity. She breaks the shackles of confinement of patriarchy and state-aided cruelty as it specifically decides the punishment for her because she is an ‘insurgent’, ‘culprit’ and above all a woman. Similar echoes are found in a Nepali novel Yantrana (1980) by Asit Rai. It brings out the plight and torture of Chandrabahadur, a tea garden worker, who dares to speak against the inhuman system of the ‘maliks’ who have usurped all the power to keep the workers subordinated. It is about his fight against the inhuman treatment and management in the tea garden. The plantation system in the tea garden on the other hand has the indirect support of the government to crush any voice of dissent and discord. Both in Mahasweta Devi’s “Draupadi” and Asit Rai’s Yantrana the marginalized voices spring out of the intended and extended exclusion and suppression.
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Herbst, Christian T., and Brad H. Story. "Computer simulation of vocal tract resonance tuning strategies with respect to fundamental frequency and voice source spectral slope in singing." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 6 (December 2022): 3548–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0014421.
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A well-known concept of singing voice pedagogy is “formant tuning,” where the lowest two vocal tract resonances ([Formula: see text]) are systematically tuned to harmonics of the laryngeal voice source to maximize the level of radiated sound. A comprehensive evaluation of this resonance tuning concept is still needed. Here, the effect of [Formula: see text] variation was systematically evaluated in silico across the entire fundamental frequency range of classical singing for three voice source characteristics with spectral slopes of –6, –12, and –18 dB/octave. Respective vocal tract transfer functions were generated with a previously introduced low-dimensional computational model, and resultant radiated sound levels were expressed in dB(A). Two distinct strategies for optimized sound output emerged for low vs high voices. At low pitches, spectral slope was the predominant factor for sound level increase, and resonance tuning only had a marginal effect. In contrast, resonance tuning strategies became more prevalent and voice source strength played an increasingly marginal role as fundamental frequency increased to the upper limits of the soprano range. This suggests that different voice classes (e.g., low male vs high female) likely have fundamentally different strategies for optimizing sound output, which has fundamental implications for pedagogical practice.
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Rai, Bidur. "Voices of the Indigenous Marginalized Community in Bina Thing’s Yambunera." INTELLIGENCE Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 2, no. 1 (March 27, 2023): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijmr.v2i1.53543.
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The article studies the voices of the indigenous marginalized community in Bina Thing’s Yambunera from a Subaltern perspective. Yambunera has included thirteen stories and this article tries to explore the voice of the indigenous marginalized people and their representations only in six stories. Bina Thing attempts to bring into the mainstream literature the cultural dissimilarities prevalent in Nepali society. Characters portrayed in Yambunera are marginalized and silenced because of dominant culture, cultural dominance, poverty and illiteracy. The article intends to argue the ethnic identity issues, marginalization, discriminatory social practices and subordination to the rulers in the selected text. Thus, the study critiques the text from the critical perspectives of Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak and J. Maggio. Basically, Subaltern Studies explores the voices of the marginal groups in society and examines how the literary discourse represents these voices. Spivak argues that class consciousness is self-alienating the social groups from the others within a domain of exploitation and domination. The article tries to examine issues such as injustice, prejudice, protest, and resistance in the text and intends to shed light on the voices of the indigenous women. Yambunera focuses on the plights of the Tamangs living in Yambu who are perceived as being uncultured, savage and uneducated and, above all, they are silenced. The findings of the discussion indicate injustice, prejudice, protest and resistance in the case of the fictionalized characters in Yambunera. Furthermore, the study reflects the search for cultural identity and the marginalized people’s efforts to stand up for the voices. The present article encourages a good understanding of the marginalized voices in Nepali literature.
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Lagos, Danya. "Hearing Gender: Voice-Based Gender Classification Processes and Transgender Health Inequality." American Sociological Review 84, no. 5 (September 10, 2019): 801–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003122419872504.
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This study examines the link between self-rated health and two aspects of gender: an individual’s gender identity, and whether strangers classify that person’s voice as male or female. In a phone-based general health survey, interviewers classified the sex of transgender women ( n = 722) and transgender men ( n = 446) based on assumptions they made after hearing respondents’ voices. The flawed design of the original survey produced inconsistent sex classification among transgender men and transgender women respondents; this study repurposes these discrepancies to look more closely at the implications of voice-based gender classification for the health of transgender men and women. Average marginal effects from logistic regression models show transgender men who are classified as women based on their voices are more likely to report poor self-rated health compared to transgender men who are classified as men. Conversely, transgender women who are classified as men are less likely to report poor self-rated health than are transgender women who are classified as women. Additionally, Black transgender men are more likely than any other group to be classified inconsistently with their gender identity, suggesting a link between race/ethnicity and gender perception.
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Hamill, Sarah, and Pippa Feinstein. "THE SILENCING OF QUEER VOICES IN THE LITIGATION OVER TRINITY WESTERN UNIVERSITY’S PROPOSED LAW SCHOOL." Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 34, no. 2 (February 14, 2018): 156–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v34i2.5024.
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This article assesses to what extent the recent litigation over the accreditation of Trinity Western University’s proposed law school includes and considers queer voices. We argue that a close examination of how queer people’s voices appear in these decisions reveals that when queer voices are absent or marginal, queer people’s rights are mischaracterized. In turn the mischaracterization and misunderstanding which flows from the failure to properly include queer voices hinders the ongoing struggle for queer equality. We rely on discourse analysis to make our argument. We argue that Canadian courts should seek to ground their decisions relating to queer equality in the lived experiences of queer people. Here we argue that Justice L’Heureux-Dubé’s dissent in Trinity Western University v British Columbia College of Teachers offers a good blueprint for future decisions to follow as they engage with queer equality.
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Polak, Iva. "Indigenous Australian Texts in European English Departments: A Fence, a Bridge and a Country as an Answer to the Debate over Multiculturalism." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 10, no. 2 (May 9, 2013): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.10.2.69-81.
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Though non-canonical Anglophone courses in the curriculum of European English departments are no longer seen as oddity, they are often regarded as “marginal” in comparison to the British and American canon. However, courses focusing on the cultural output of postcolonial voices, moreover of the most marginal of postcolonial voices, do not only challenge the extent to which we have managed to shift from Eurocentrism in literary theory, but also reveal the complexities of the current cultural trends, such as the frequently evoked policy of multiculturalism. The paper argues that courses which include texts by Indigenous Australian authors reveal the story of survival in a country that is literally multicultural, and stress the importance of one’s own place of utterance, which is as local as it is global. The above issues are exemplified by the works of the famous Aboriginal writers Doris Pilkington/Nugi Garimara (Follow the Rabbit-Proof Fence, 1996), John Muk Muk Burke (Bridge of Triangles, 1994) and Alexis Wright (Carpentaria, 2006).
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Vauquline, Polly. "Socialisation Process, Power Relations and Domestic Violence: Marginal Voices of Assamese Women." Space and Culture, India 3, no. 2 (November 29, 2015): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v3i2.155.
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Domestic violence is an evil that never dies. It is an indicator of inequality, injustice and discrimination of the social system. Though there is no justification for its existence in a civilized society, then why it is so difficult to root it out? Why does it persist to exist even after the prevalence of legal provisions to combat domestic violence? The causes maybe embedded on the facts that it involves intimate relationship on the one hand and exercise of power relations on the other. These power relations put women at disadvantaged positions, which are prominently gendered in nature. Assam, a state in the north-eastern corner of India, is unique in its own distinction. It is a region with myriad communities with varied culture, ethnic and social background. Distinctive statistical differences of domestic violence exist among these communities. These variations may categorically be due to the nature of power relations in intimate relations among these communities, which is probed with the application of oral history method. An effort is made through this study to explore the societal attitudes concerning power within intimate human relations. The focus of this paper is to search for the social beliefs attached with the power relations that have been governing them or promoting them in the form of social values, customs, rituals and traditions, which are the nucleus of domestic violence in Assamese society. This study intends to investigate the power relations amongst the different communities. Oral history method is applied to probe the socialisation process of the victims of domestic violence and to analyse how it creates power relations that caters to domestic violence. It gives a deeper understanding to the gendered nature of power in intimate relations. It illustrates that power relations is created through socialisation process and is a contributing attribute to domestic violence among spouses.
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Shepard, Alexandra. "Worthless Witnesses? Marginal Voices and Women's Legal Agency in Early Modern England." Journal of British Studies 58, no. 4 (October 2019): 717–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2019.85.
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AbstractThis article explores the distribution of women witnesses in a selection of English church courts between the mid-sixteenth and early eighteenth centuries, in order to assess the extent to which women's participation as witnesses in these jurisdictions might be characterized as a form of legal agency. It shows that women's participation was highly contingent on their marital status and between places and over time and was shaped by the matters in dispute as well as the gender of the litigants for whom they testified. Although poverty did not exclude women witnesses (higher proportions of female witnesses than male claimed to be poor or of limited means), women were more vulnerable than were men to discrediting strategies that cast doubt on their authority in court. Such findings show that the incorporative dimensions of state formation did not deliver new forms of agency to women but depended heavily upon patriarchal norms and constraints.
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Pelayo Sañudo, Eva. "Space, Emotion, and Gender." Journal of English Studies 20 (December 22, 2022): 197–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/jes.5535.
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This article examines Kym Ragusa’s The Skin between Us: A Memoir of Race, Beauty and Belonging as a gendered transcultural narrative from the standpoint of spatial theory. In order to do so, it contextualizes the text within the framework of memoir writing and subsequently analyzes the representation of varied emotional spaces in the process of recovering one’s identity as displayed by the narrative voice. This research contends that the use of memoir, a genre particularly used by ‘marginal’ voices, is an adequate means to critically reflect on the (de)construction of identity as well as convey alternative patterns of gender relations and cultural negotiations. In addition, it stresses the central role of space and emotions in reflecting the transculturality and intersectionality of the diasporic and gendered subject.
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Rai, Bidur. "Presentation of Marginality from the Indigenous Community in Rajan Mukarung’s Hetchhakupa." JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature 14, no. 1 (August 14, 2023): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v14i1.57566.
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This article analyzes how Rajan Mukarung’s novel Hetchhakuppa represents the indigenous people as marginalized indigenous characters from the critical perspective of subaltern studies as furthered in postcolonial India to rewrite the social history of the post-independence period. The major theorists, beginning with Ranjit Guha to Gayatri Chakravarti Spivak, state that the people at the bottom tend to get misrepresented and termed inaccessible for the people at the top. However, this study contends that J. Magio aids in our comprehension of the notion that individuals express their voice through artistic creations. Mukarung’s Hetchhakuppa focuses on the cultural and indigenous identity of the characters, lending a voice to their suffering and marginalization. It implies that indigenous but marginal people are silenced due to the context of socio-political structure, so their voices are unheard and ignored. Thus, this paper concludes that the contemporary Nepali fiction Hetchhakuppa depicts the unheard characters.
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Bernard, Claudia. "Ethical Issues in Researching Black Teenage Mothers with Harmful Childhood Histories: Marginal Voices." Ethics and Social Welfare 7, no. 1 (March 2013): 54–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17496535.2012.666754.
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Pokorn, Nike K. "Stridon’s Aims." STRIDON: Studies in Translation and Interpreting 1, no. 1 (July 7, 2021): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/stridon.1.1.5-7.
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The aim of Stridon – Journal of Studies in Translation and Interpreting is to advance research in translation- and interpreting-related phenomena, and to publish articles on the theoretical, descriptive and applied research within the field of Translation and Interpreting Studies. Besides established authors, we will also welcome articles by new voices in the field, focusing not only on translation and interpreting, but also on interdisciplinary translation- and interpreting-related sociological, literary, cultural, historical, educational and contrastive topics. Stridon’s particular aim is to present the research involving peripheral languages and languages of limited distribution, and the research focusing or originating from central or southeastern Europe. Since, traditionally, Translation and Interpreting Studies research has prioritised the focal over the marginal, this journal would like to give voice to the perspective of the Other in Translation Studies.
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Redwood, Christine. "Kaleidoscopic Preaching: Incorporating Multiple Voices into an Evangelical Sermon." Feminist Theology 32, no. 1 (August 12, 2023): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09667350231183054.
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The sermon still dominates in many evangelical churches. Evangelical preachers seek to capture and communicate the author’s intention in the biblical text. This can be challenging because the Bible is multi-faceted. How can evangelical preachers acknowledge this multiplicity? Preachers need to be willing to play in both the text and the way they communicate. In this article, I propose a strategy I have named the kaleidoscopic approach. I draw on the feminist scholar Mieke Bal and her work on the song in Judges 5 and bring some of her ideas to preaching. I believe a kaleidoscopic approach can help to amplify marginal (often female) voices in the text and bring fresh thinking on how we can continue to preach in the future.
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Matsin, Ave. "Kangakudujate hääled / Voices of Weavers." Studia Vernacula 13 (November 18, 2021): 210–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2021.13.210-222.
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This review introduces a book titled „Voices of Weavers. Textile Cultures, Craftsmanship, and Identity in Contemporary Myanmar“ written by a German anthropologist Jella Fink and published by Waxmann publishing house in 2020. It is a lively piece of research that reveals the cultural and economic background of two strands of local weaving traditions in Myanmar. The book summarises author’s fieldwork that was carried out in Myanmar as part of her doctoral studies in the years 2014–2017. Focus on the makers’ perspective is the most important contribution of the present book to research in textiles. In the review, parallels are drawn with Estonian textile-making practices, where applicable.
Myanmar is geographially and ethnically considerably different from Estonia, but certain similarities can indeed be spotted in the matters of textile production, authorship, professionalisation, and the issues of commercialisation. The greatest value of the book lies in mapping the tradition and explaining the rationale behind alterations in the traditional practices of weaving in two different areas – Mandalaya region in the centre and Kengtung in the distant Western highlands of Myanmar – where the practice is still well alive. As the makers’ perspective is brought to the fore, it gives the voice to often-silenced female members of marginal ethnic groups, and also helps to provide new insights into the social and cultural relations that form the framework for producing intricate textiles, the making of which is very time-consuming and requires a great amount of skill and stamina. The study can well serve as a model for further research into Estonian textile traditions in the future.
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Matsin, Ave. "Kangakudujate hääled / Voices of Weavers." Studia Vernacula 13 (November 18, 2021): 210–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2021.13.210-222.
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This review introduces a book titled „Voices of Weavers. Textile Cultures, Craftsmanship, and Identity in Contemporary Myanmar“ written by a German anthropologist Jella Fink and published by Waxmann publishing house in 2020. It is a lively piece of research that reveals the cultural and economic background of two strands of local weaving traditions in Myanmar. The book summarises author’s fieldwork that was carried out in Myanmar as part of her doctoral studies in the years 2014–2017. Focus on the makers’ perspective is the most important contribution of the present book to research in textiles. In the review, parallels are drawn with Estonian textile-making practices, where applicable.
Myanmar is geographially and ethnically considerably different from Estonia, but certain similarities can indeed be spotted in the matters of textile production, authorship, professionalisation, and the issues of commercialisation. The greatest value of the book lies in mapping the tradition and explaining the rationale behind alterations in the traditional practices of weaving in two different areas – Mandalaya region in the centre and Kengtung in the distant Western highlands of Myanmar – where the practice is still well alive. As the makers’ perspective is brought to the fore, it gives the voice to often-silenced female members of marginal ethnic groups, and also helps to provide new insights into the social and cultural relations that form the framework for producing intricate textiles, the making of which is very time-consuming and requires a great amount of skill and stamina. The study can well serve as a model for further research into Estonian textile traditions in the future.
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R, Stephen Ponniah. "Marginal Society Depicted in Krishnan's Songs." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-10 (August 12, 2022): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s1020.
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Food, clothing, and shelter, which are considered essential human needs, are still not available to all. People who do not get all these are considered lower class people, marginal people, and common people. They are still living above a certain percentage of the society we live in. Creators who express their lives through nature, music, and drama are found in literature in various languages. Today, their lives are shared through the media. Among these media, the film industry is considered important. The purpose of this article is to explore the lives of marginalised people through the soundtracks featured in these films. Through screen songs, Pattukottai Kalyanasundaram, NS Krishnan, Kannadasan, and Vairamuthu were among those who created works to let the layman know the life of the common people. One of them was NS Krishnan, who was born on November 29, 1908, to Sudalaiyandi-Ishakiyammal from a small village near Nagercoil in the Kanyakumari district. The primary sources for this study are the songs composed for the film by NS Krishnan, who has expressed himself on various platforms as a theatre actor, film actor, and lyricist. He was the one who recorded the lives of the lower-class people as they were without fear of bureaucracy. He was known to be a left-wing thinker. Their works sounded like film songs as the voices of the working people who toiled all day long were not met. This analysis will be done by dividing the ideas contained in these songs into three parts, namely food, clothing, and shelter.
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Kistnareddy, Ashwiny O. "�Nothing ever dies�: memory and marginal children�s voices in Rwandan and Vietnamese narratives." Journal of the British Academy 9s3 (2021): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/jba/009s3.157.
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Memory is a highly contested notion insofar as it is claimed by the collective (Halbwachs, Young) and deployed within a variety of political and socio-cultural contexts. For Viet Thanh Nguyen, the �true war story� can be told by those who lived through it, thereby wresting power from �men and soldiers� and dominant structures (Nothing Ever Dies, Harvard UP, 2017: 243). Examining the dialectics of remembering and forgetting, this article examines narratives which reclaim memory as a personal and as a collective plea to understand the structural discrepancy at play from the child, who is victim of war. It examines the memoir of a Tutsi refugee child, Moi, le dernier Tutsi (C. Habonimana, Plon R�cit, 2019) and an autobiographical narrative by a Vietnamese refugee in Canada, Ru (K. Th�y, Liana L�vi, 2010), to gauge the extent to which such narratives create their own memorial spaces and in so doing reclaim their marginal memories and centre them, while grappling with the imperative to forget. Ultimately it tests Nguyen�s theory that memory can be just and that in this ethical recoding of memory, the humanity and inhumanity of both sides is underlined.
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Patil, Dhanraj A. "Freedom of Marginal Voices: Analysing Future Challenges and Sustainability of Community Radio in India." Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 10, no. 1 (2019): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-5828.2019.00030.5.
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Jong-Woo Lee. "Mary as the Storehouse of Wisdom: Paradise Regained and the Regaining of Marginal Voices." Journal of Medieval and Early Modern English Studies 19, no. 2 (November 2009): 313–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17054/jmemes.2009.19.2.313.
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O'Brien, William E., and Wairimũ Ngarũiya Njambi. "Marginal Voices in “Wild” America: Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and “Nature” in The National Parks." Journal of American Culture 35, no. 1 (February 17, 2012): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734x.2011.00794.x.
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Butti, Elena, and Brianne McGonigle Leyh. "Intersectionality and Transformative Reparations: The Case of Colombian Marginal Youths." International Criminal Law Review 19, no. 5 (October 1, 2019): 753–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718123-01906002.
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The town of San Carlos, highly affected by the Colombian conflict, is often presented as an example of a successful domestic reparations process. Yet not all victims agree with this assessment. A significant number of marginalised adolescents feel that their voices and realities are not reflected in the reparations programme provided by the 2011 Victims’ Law. While the programme promises to transform lives, it does little to change the lives of young people at the margins. This article compares and contrasts the legal framework on reparations for underaged victims with insights drawn from ethnographic research with these youths. The situation of these young people signals that transformative reparations are not working as they should. We argue that this failure is due to the mismatch between the conceptualisation of ‘vulnerable child-victims’ in the text of the law and these youths’ nuanced identities. Using intersectionality, we propose an alternative way forward.
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Carpenter, Juliet. "Picture This: Exploring Photovoice as a Method to Understand Lived Experiences in Marginal Neighbourhoods." Urban Planning 7, no. 3 (September 29, 2022): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v7i3.5451.
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Scholars in the social sciences are increasingly turning to research questions that explore everyday lived experiences, using participatory visual methodologies to promote critical reflections on urban challenges. In contrast with traditional research approaches, participatory visual methods engage directly with community participants, foregrounding their daily realities, and working towards collaborative knowledge production of participants’ situated experiences, potentially leading to transformative thinking and action. This participatory turn in research intersects with growing interests in community participation in collaborative planning and effective ways of engaging “unheard voices” in a planning context, particularly in marginalized neighbourhoods, using arts-based methods. This article critically examines the potential of participatory visual methodologies, exploring how the method of photovoice can reveal otherwise obscured perspectives from the viewpoint of communities in marginalised neighbourhoods. Based on a case study in the Downtown Eastside, Vancouver, the research considers whether and how creative participatory approaches can contribute to giving voice to communities and, if so, how these methods can impact a city’s planning for urban futures. The research shows that, potentially, photovoice can provide a means of communicating community perspectives, reimagining place within the framework of participatory planning processes to those who make decisions on the neighbourhood’s future. However, the research also demonstrates that there are limitations to the approach, bringing into sharp focus the ethical dimensions and challenges of participatory visual methodologies as a tool for engaging with communities, in an urban planning context.
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Owczarek, Kalina, Piotr Niewiadomski, and Jurek Olszewski. "Acoustic and function analysis of the voice in patients with functional and organic dysphonia by using the DiagnoScope “Specjalista” computer program." Otolaryngologia Polska 73, no. 2 (April 5, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1535.
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Introduction: The aim of the dissertation was to evaluate the parameters of acoustic and function analysis of the voice in patients with functional and organic dysphonia by using the DiagnoScope “Specjalista” computer program. Material and methods: The study was performed in 131 people aged 21-82 years (the mean age was 48,34 years), including 75 women, at the age of 21-75 years and 56 men at the age of 22-82 years, all treated in the Clinic of Otolaryngology, Laryngological Oncology, Audiology and Phoniatrics of the Military Medical Academy Memorial University Hospital – Central Veterans' Hospital. The study participants were divided into 3 groups: I – 45 patients aged 22-82 years with functional dysphonia (hyperfunctional type dysphonia), II – 45 patients aged 28-80 years with chronic hypertrophic laryngitis (polyp of the vocal fold, hypertrophy of the vocal fold, Reinke-type edema-hypertrophic changes in the vocal folds), III – 41 individuals, including students of the Faculty of Military Medicine of the Medical University of Łódź, at the age of 21-70 years, without disease symptoms within the vocal organ. The following examinations were performed: a laryngological subject and object examination, a videolaryngoscopic and stroboscopic examination of the larynx (including the GRBAS scale), and a videolaryngostroboscopic-phoniatric examination, encompassing the following parameters: regularity of vibrations of the vocal folds, amplitude of vibrations, marginal shift, glottis closure, voice range, the way of creating the voice, voice reposition, time of phonation) and an acoustic and voice performance diagnostic analysis by the means of the DiagnoScope “Specjalista” program. Results: The results obtained suggest that the differentiation of pathological voices from normal voices is statistically significant for parameters such as: Jitter, RAP, PPQ, AFO, SimpleQ, Shimmer, APQ, Q, APQ, HPQh, RHPQ, RHPQh, R2H, U2H, U2Hl, U2Hh, NHR, Yg. In the function analysis, statistically significant differences were found in all parameters. Conclusions: The videolaryngostroboscopic examination, voice rating scales, and the objective analysis of the voice provide an appropriate set of tests that determine the nature of voice disorders. The acoustic and function analysis of the voice enables an early diagnosis of dysphonia, both functional and organic. The acoustic and function analysis is an objective method of assessment of the voice disorders which renders it possible to use it in judicature.
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Goodhead, Dokubo Melford. "The Education of Milkman Dead: The Bildungsroman as Aesthetic Cycle in Toni Morrison’s Song of Solomon." African American Review 56, no. 1 (March 2023): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/afa.2023.a903597.
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Abstract: Rational critique of one’s existential condition and questions of why, where, when, who, what dominate Morrison’s Song of Solomon. As she clearly shows in the novel, it is in finding answers to these questions that one is better able to deal with one’s existential condition and, where necessary, to make the transition from fragmentation to wholeness as a subject dealing with the history and experience of a racial formation that renders one either as an object or inferior other. In Song, the site of the exploration of these questions is the familial space and the marginal public constituted by black America, through which their unheard voices are given full play. Straddling the various familial spaces and marginal public is the novel’s protagonist, Milkman Dead, whose growth away from a selfish, materialistic young man Morrison tells magically as a bildungsroman, textual revision, and aesthetic cycle.
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Misghina, Reda. "‘Marginal voices’ – a quest to improve mental health diagnosis among the deaf community in the UK." Perspectives in Public Health 138, no. 3 (April 11, 2018): 150–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757913918764319.
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Kamal, Amr. "Undoing Odysseus’s Pact: Marginal Faces and Voices in the Narratives of Assia Djebar and Agnès Varda." Romanic Review 106, no. 1-4 (January 1, 2015): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/26885220-106.1-4.47.
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Bennett, David A. C. "Returning to Spiritual Sense: Cruciform Power and Queer Identities in Analytic Theology." Religions 14, no. 12 (November 21, 2023): 1445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14121445.
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In recent theological scholarship, there has been a wave of interest in the tradition of spiritual sense and marginal social identities within analytic and philosophical theology. In this article, I explore the theologies of spiritual sense in analytic theology (AT) to highlight part of the reason for the predominance of cisgender heterosexual voices in the field. Many feminist voices in AT express a common concern for a lack of integration between the mind, the body, and spiritual sense, which has enshrined the post-enlightenment cisgender heterosexual ‘man of reason’. Through an exploration of these feminist voices (Sarah Coakley and Michelle Panchuk), I argue that the field does not simply need more diverse voices but also voices of spiritual sense that undo a straight cisgender elitism. This elitism has kept the field from widely examining the anthropological questions of sexuality and gender, ethics, and theodicean dilemmas of desire and faith. By opening analytic philosophical approaches to spiritual sense, the field releases noetic control that has two consequential outcomes. Firstly, the field revalorizes pneumatology and ethics. Secondly, as a consequence of this, the field can see those who were previously unseen and heard, and, therefore, AT can develop into a sensing and thinking discipline capable of perceiving the queer or other in its midst. Spiritual sense and its priority for bodily and cruciform realities of suffering and desire can move the field from homogeneity to embracing the diverse ethical concerns of sexuality, gender, and race, and subaltern or queer subjectivities which are yet to be represented well in its midst. Using a distinctly neo-Augustinian approach, I argue that Augustine’s philosophy of the amor dei, with its emphasis on analytic clarity and inner spiritual sense, can redeem the eyes of AT’s heart.
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TALUPUN, JOHANA SILVANA. "RESENSI BUKU : ASIAN BIBLICAL HERMENEUTICS AND POSKOLONIALISM; CONTESTING THE INTERPRETATIONS." KENOSIS: Jurnal Kajian Teologi 2, no. 1 (December 17, 2018): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.37196/kenosis.v2i1.35.
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Buku Asian Biblical Hermeneutics and Poskolonialism; Contesting the Interpretations ditulis oleh R.S.Sugirtharajah, seorang Profesor di bidang Biblical Hermeneutic. Ia lahir di Sri Lanka dan memiliki pendidikan pascasarjana di India dan Inggris. Sebagai seorang pakar di bidang Biblical Hermeneutic tentu banyak karya telah dihasilkannya yang berhubungan dengan studi Alkitab. Dua karya yang dirintisnya dan sangat di kenal dunia adalah teori kritis tentang studi Alkitab yaitu postcolonial criticism dan perhatiannya pada marginal interpretative voice dengan bukunya yang sangat terkenal yaitu Voices from the Margin.Buku Asian Biblical Hermeneutics and Poskolonialism; Contesting the Interpretations yang merupakan kumpulan esai dari hasil penelitiannya di India. Tesis yang didikembangkannya adalah sebuah pendekatan hermeneutik Alkitab yang dirasa lebih cocok untuk dikembangkan di Asia. Pendekatan hermeneutik ini dipakainya untuk menentang pendekatan hermeneutik lain yang sudah dikembangkan sebelumnya. Buku ini dibagi atas dua bagian. Bagian pertama terdiri dari empat bab dan bagian kedua, tiga bab. Hasil penelitian itu menunjukkan bahwa kolonialisme telah memainkan peran yang penting pada interpertasi terhadap tradisi keagamaan baik Hindu maupun Kristen di India selama dan setelah Inggris berkuasa.
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Kisiara, Otieno. "Marginalized at the center: how public narratives of suffering perpetuate perceptions of refugees’ helplessness and dependency." Migration Letters 12, no. 2 (May 1, 2015): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v12i2.250.
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This paper critiques the common practice of people from refugee backgrounds giving presentations and testimonials on their displacement experiences, in college, university, and similar institutional settings. While such speaking events may be framed as opportunities to center refugee voices, this paper argues that the totality of the presentation environments, especially their focus on narratives of suffering, do in fact reinforce the marginal and powerless position with which refugees are associated. To counteract the marginalizing effects of such presentations, the paper suggests alternative ways of presentations that more meaningfully involve refugees in framing and directing such speaking events.
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Siamdoust, Nahid. "Women Reclaiming Their Voices for Life and Freedom: Music and the 2022 Uprising in Iran." Iranian Studies 56, no. 3 (July 2023): 577–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/irn.2023.15.
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One of the most prominent features of Iran's 2022 Woman, Life, Freedom uprising has been the diverse profusion of songs created in its wake. Music has played an important role in Iran's social and political movements at least since the Constitutional Revolution when the poet and musical bard Abolqasem Aref Qazvini (d. 1934) effectively transformed the musical concert into a political congregation. Since then, musicians have given rhythm and rhyme to contentious movements all through modern Iranian history, most prominently during the 1979 revolution and again for the 2009 Green Uprising. Considering the important role of music in Iran's political movements, scholarship on music remains surprisingly marginal in Iranian studies.
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Makuwira, Jonathan. "Marginal Voices, Resilient Acts: Urban Marginality and Responses to Climate-Related Events in Lilongwe City Informal Settlements." Urban Forum 33, no. 1 (February 24, 2022): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12132-022-09460-0.
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Adebanwi, Wale. "The Press and the Politics of Marginal Voices: Narratives of the Experiences of the Ogoni of Nigeria." Media, Culture & Society 26, no. 6 (November 2004): 763–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443704045508.
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Lorenca Bejko. "Empowering Voices: The Growing Influence of Non-Governmental Organizations in Global Politics." International Journal of Integrative Sciences 3, no. 1 (January 30, 2024): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/ijis.v3i1.7625.
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Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) sail uncharted waters, steeringcompassion through tumultuous political storms, voicing songs of hope for those waves threaten to drown. This essay plunges into the depthsof NGOs, surfacing both their foundations and objectives, strategies and influence riding even the highest tides of change. Through personal tales and parsing pages both prose and theory, this paper aims an anchored understanding of the mast NGOs hoist global currents. NGOs structure themselves as fleets of small ships, nimble where bureaucratic vessels barely turn. Their missions motivate marginal communities as lighthouse beacons, guiding policy's rudder away from rocky shoals of injustice. As case logs and literature log NGO ventures, this undertaking captains comprehension of their pivotal role charting humanity's course. In short, Non-Governmental Organizations dynamically dictate international affairs, serving as democracy's vanguard far where constitutions cannot reach. This essay explores NGO innards and impacts crested and trough, to fully fathom theirimportance propelling worldwide evolution. By accounts actual and analysis, this paper intends illumination ofhow NGOs navigate progress to haven
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Burchall, Leondra N. "Emphasis on the Public." Public Historian 32, no. 4 (2010): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2010.32.4.62.
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Abstract St. George's, Bermuda received World Heritage status in 2000, and today many of the island's majority Black population still don't know what that means. Is it because we aren't educating or marketing this ““achievement”” or do the peripheral voices and marginal communities view the designation as unimportant or an imposition? This case study examines the importance of examining the disparity in how we, and our public, interpret and value history. My job is to examine these acts of inclusion/exclusion and shift the balance with programs like ““Bringing History to Life,”” a student summer workshop series that uses different mediums to interrogate history.
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Stennett, Tom. "Drinking in the Dark, Imitating under Bright Lights: A Comparative Study of Herberto Helder's O Bebedor Nocturno and Robert Lowell's Imitations." Comparative Critical Studies 16, no. 1 (February 2019): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ccs.2019.0310.
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In this article, I compare two anthologies of unconventional poetic translations and their respective authors' practices as translators: Robert Lowell's Imitations (1961) and Herberto Helder's O Bebedor Nocturno (1968). In both cases, a diversity of distinct poetic voices becomes homogenized under a process whereby a plurality of cultures and poets are filtered through one translator, who manipulates their sources for their own political ends. Whereas the poets selected for Imitations represent a literary in-club of Lowell's canonical influences, the variety of non-European and marginal cultures that feature in O Bebedor Nocturno stand as a counterpoint to the nationalist and isolationist culture of Portugal's dictatorship, the New State.
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Adebisi, Foluke. "Should We Rethink the Purposes of the Law School? A Case for Decolonial Thought in Legal Pedagogy." Amicus Curiae 2, no. 3 (June 16, 2021): 428–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14296/ac.v2i3.5309.
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This article argues that there is a need for more transdisciplinary and decolonial approaches to knowledge production in law. These approaches need to go beyond a focus on diversity which only seeks ways for marginal voices and experiences to be absorbed into a hierarchized structure of knowledge production that in turn [re]produces a hierarchized world. New ways must be sought to ensure that, in reconsidering the purposes of law and law schools, legal education does not reproduce inequalities but unravels them. Thereby legal education may do more than just add to and diversify the profession but may aspire to transform the world.
Keywords: decolonization; legal education; decolonial thought.
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Pellicer-Ortín, Silvia. "Liminal and Transmodern Female Voices at War: Resistant and Healing Female Bonds in Libby Cone’s War on the Margins (2008)." Societies 8, no. 4 (November 14, 2018): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc8040114.
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When addressing marginal experiences during the Second World War, the German occupation of the Channel Islands deserves pride of place, as very few writers have represented that liminal side of the conflict. One of these few writers is Libby Cone, who published War on the Margins in 2008, a historical novel set on Jersey during this occupation and whose main protagonist encounters various female characters resisting the occupation from a variety of marginal positions. Drawing from Rodríguez Magda’s distinction between “narratives of celebration” and “narratives of the limit”, the main claim behind this article is that liminality is a general recourse in transmodern fiction, but in Cone’s War on the Margins it also acts as a fruitful strategy to represent female bonds as promoters of empathy, resilience and resistance. First, this study will demonstrate how liminality works at a variety of levels and it will identify some of the specific features characterizing transmodern war narratives. Then, the female bonds represented will be examined to prove that War on the Margins relies on female solidarity when it comes to finding resilient attitudes to confront war. Finally, this article will elaborate on how Cone uses these liminal features to voice the difficult experiences that Jewish and non-Jewish women endured during the Second World War, echoing similar conflictive situations of other women in our transmodern era.
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Meier, Petra, and Eline Severs. "The Dark Side of Descriptive Representation: Bodies, Normalisation and Exclusion." Politics and Governance 6, no. 3 (September 14, 2018): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/pag.v6i3.1412.
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This contribution elaborates on the role model function of descriptive representatives. We seek to elaborate on potentially negative effects of role models, as we think they can endanger a feminist project of dismantling hierarchical power relations. When society attributes descriptive representatives the position of role models, the former no longer simply stand for their groups in a socio-demographic manner. Role models also stand for them in an exemplary manner, allowing them to prescribe a set of appropriate or desirable traits and behaviours. The presence and performance of role models, thus, powerfully shapes the context to the representation of disadvantaged groups. Because of their exemplary function, the personal experiences and life trajectory of descriptive representatives may be elevated to a standard; potentially causing the interests and demands of other group members to be considered abnormal or marginal. Also, role models may, paradoxically, promote exclusion. Representatives’ social differences provide them with powerful symbolic resources to speak on behalf of their group. While such authority may help them put previously overlooked interests on the agenda, their personal take on things may limit the terms of the debate, as it cuts out alternative intersections of social positions; making it difficult to voice alternative group perspectives. In this regard, role models may hamper the feminist project which precisely implies giving voice to excluded groups so as to broaden the range of voices articulated.
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Trachsler, Virginie. "‘The Need for Translation’: The Role of Translation in Eavan Boland's Work." Translation and Literature 30, no. 1 (March 2021): 30–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/tal.2021.0444.
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This article provides an overview of the place translation holds in Eavan Boland's career, taking in her experience as a reader of translations as well as a translator, showing how the first fed into the second and how her own practice evolved using examples from her whole career. It then focuses on her bilingual anthology of German poets After Every War to demonstrate that her work as a translator stemmed from the same ethical and poetic concerns as her work as a poet, retrieving marginal voices and creating an alternative tradition around female experiences. The Classical myth of Ceres and Persephone, which Boland revisited and rewrote many times, shows how her translation practice lastingly influenced her poetics and poetry.
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Sadock, Musa. "People’s Power: Local Agency among HIV AND AIDS Marginalized Groups in Mbozi District, Tanzania, 1980s-2017." Tanzania Zamani: A Journal of Historical Research and Writing 12, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 71–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/tza20211213.
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This study examines the Mbozi society`s responses to the plight of marginal groups attributed to HIV/AIDS for the past three decades. The groups in question include people suffering from and or living with HIV/AIDS, AIDS related widows, AIDS orphans, and the elderly caring AIDS orphans. Rather than focusing synchronically on the responses from the international community, government and Non-governmental organizations as has been done by many studies, this study diachronically concentrates on the ordinary people`s responses at the grass-roots level. It argues that to cope with their plight, marginal groups associated with HIV/AIDS engage in different livelihood strategies including wage-labour, begging, sex work, petty trade, income generating groups, self-help groups, farming as well as enlisting family and neighbourhood support. By drawing on documents and interviews with people at the grass-roots level, this study not only brings to the fore the voices of the marginalized and people`s agency and resilience in the context of HIV/AIDS pandemic but it also adds to the growing body of knowledge on social exclusion in Tanzania in particular and Africa as a whole.
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Kim, Soo-youn. "Narrative of the existence of historically-based, Seonhyeop(仙俠) female characters in Korean full-length novels." Research of the Korean Classic 63 (November 30, 2023): 197–232. http://dx.doi.org/10.20516/classic.2023.63.197.
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The purpose of this article is to examine the narrative characteristics of the female character of the Seonhyeop(仙俠, hermit martial arts) type, which became popular in the 18th century, and to examine the meaning of the appearance of this type of character in terms of the narrative grammar and genre possibilities of Korean full-length novels. If we look at the history of Korean classical novels, we can discover the phenomenon of meaningful character types being developed in earnest around specific genres in each era. Representative examples include ‘fantastic existence’ in biographical romance novels that appeared after the 10th century and ‘evil woman-type characters’ in early full-length novels after the 17th century.
In the 18th century, Korean full-length novels with a large volume were popular, and one of the newly emerging character types at this time was the Seonhyeop type character. This character can be further classified into good and evil people, Confucian and Taoist people, civilized and martial people, internal and external, Taoist and martial arts practitioners, and so on. However, one character does not embody only one type, but is embodied by combining several types of personality.
Among them, if we divide the narrative of the existence of Seonhyeop female character character based on history into the image of Taoist and martial arts, the narrative of the loser of history, and the discourse of loyalty in rebellion. Each shows the characteristics of combining peripheral properties, recalling memories of others, and aiming for the voice of non-relationship and marginal members. These character characteristics form one of the important narrative grammars of Korean full-length novels, and reveal the possibility of genre expansion in that they are connected to the epics of heroism and martial arts novels that appeared in later generations. In particular, we can discover the early aspects of martial arts novels that are still popular to this day. Representative examples include the way of revealing the ability for Seonhyeop, the establishment of relationships centered on factions, and the nature of the argument between right and evil.
The highlighting of the character of the Seonhyeop type can be said to be a discourse event in that it discovers and embodies an object that had not been seen and a voice that had not been heard in previous novels. The world expressed in language makes invisible beings visible and reorganizes the proportion and division ratio of voices participating in the world we live in. It is a self-organizing method of the novel that is unrelated to the author’s conscious intention. Among the voices aimed at by the author, the novel’s expansion of the voices of new characters testifies to the situation at the time and at the same time reflects the voices distributed among members of society. It can be said to be an event that brings about a change in the share of.
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Bagchi, Subrata. "Contextualizing Identity and Exclusion and the Unheard Voices of Kolkata’s Migrant Hand-rickshaw-pullers." Contemporary Voice of Dalit 9, no. 2 (September 8, 2017): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455328x17721546.
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The intrigues of global capital are certain to drive out thousands of atrociously marginalized Dalit and Muslim hand-rickshaw-pullers from their livelihood in Kolkata (previously Calcutta) on the ground that not only are hand-rickshaws outdated, but their plying on the city-roads is an indication of retrogression as well as antithetical to development while global capital needs fast-paced smart-cities, supportive to unhindered capitalist development. In line with such exclusionary course of action, the State intends to rule out their continuance which would evict those marginal people from their livelihood. But this is utterly in contrast with the policy of inclusive growth. The plan is likely to play havoc with their livelihood since most of the pullers, belonging to the Hindi-and Urdu-speaking Dalit and Muslim groups are unskilled and old-aged. How would they survive when the government imposes overall ban on the hand-rickshaws, only to be replaced by motorized vehicles. Amidst the controversies, the vulnerable rickshaw-pullers meekly raise their voice of protest. But their voice fails to reach the portals of power.