Academic literature on the topic 'Marginal situation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Marginal situation"
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Butylina, Olena. "Marginal situation its structure and social community." Ukrainian society 2012, no. 2 (2012): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/socium2012.02.017.
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Points of view to attribute (definition) of ideas and phenomenon of marginal situation were analyzed in this article and its structure elements were marked. Author forms behavior strategies of social persons in marginal situation and make conclusion is about marginal social consequence on the level of the public and on the individual level, characterizing marginality as condition of periphery sojourn identified or group are in limits of behavior of social persons.
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Verdino, Timotius. "Roh Kudus, Napas Sang Rentan dan Marginal." Theologia in Loco 2, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 141–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.55935/thilo.v2i2.194.
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Abstrak: Tulisan ini merupakan sebuah konstruksi teologi kontekstual mengenai orang miskin di Indonesia dalam situasi Pandemi Covid-19. Saya akan memulai tulisan ini dengan menampilkan situasi kemiskinan dan ketidakadilan yang dialami orang miskin di Indonesia selama Pandemi Covid-19. Kemudian, saya akan membahas tinjauan biblis mengenai kehendak Allah akan keadilan bagi orang miskin dan juga perspektif teologi pembebasan tentang kemiskinan oleh Aloysius Pieris. Setelah itu, saya akan mendialogkan pandangan biblis dan teologis tersebut dengan Yohanes 20:22. Pada akhirnya, tulisan ini akan ditutup dengan konstruksi teologi kontekstual tentang Roh Kudus, sebagai napas sang rentan dan marginal yang memperjuangkan keadilan dalam situasi pandemi Covid-19.
Abstract: This article is a contextual theology regarding the poor in Indonesia in the Covid-19 Pandemic situation. I will start this paper by presenting the poverty situation and poor people’s experience of injustice in Indonesia during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Then, I will discuss the biblical review of God's will for justice for the poor and discuss the perspective of liberation theology on poverty by Aloysius Pieris. After that, both discussions will be placed in the conversation with John 20:22. In the end, this paper will conclude a contextual theological construction of the Holy Spirit, as the breath of the vulnerable and the marginalized people who seek for justice in the Covid-19 Pandemic situation.
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Gajdoš, P. "Marginal regions in Slovakia and their developmental disposabilities." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 51, No. 12 (February 21, 2012): 555–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5151-agricecon.
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The study deals with the problems of territorial marginality in Slovakia. It illustrates the content structure of regional marginality, its factor satiation, as well as its spatial (territorial) localization. The historical-spatial context of marginal territories in Slovakia and their position in the transformation period are pointed out. The stress is laid on social-spatial marginality of the regions, representing its central component. The study suggests the possibilities of solving the problems of marginal regions, their developmental disposabilities, as well as the necessity of application of certain demarginalization activities, as a component part of modernization processes and their dynamization in the respective territories. The existing contradictions between the intentions of the regional policy of the Slovak Republic and the actual situation in solving the problems of marginal regions have been pointed out as well.
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Jánský, J., and P. Novák. "The analysis of financial situation of agricultural enterprises in productive and marginal conditions with the use of non-financial indicators." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 48, No. 9 (March 1, 2012): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5347-agricecon.
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The paper is focused on the evaluation of the development of financial situation of agricultural co-operatives in the CzechRepublic in 1997–2000 operating in both productive and marginal regions. The comparison of financial situation in these two groups of agricultural firms comes from the classification of firms according to productive regions. Presented results cover firms from the sample of agricultural firms observed in the RIAE Praha. Development tendencies of agricultural co-operatives in these two regions are analysed by means of chosen debt, liquidity, activity and profitability indicators. Non-financial indicators enlarging the above mentioned characteristics of firms’ financial situation are suggested and analysed in the last part of this paper.
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Morris, Alan, Bruce Judd, Kay Kavanagh, and Yuvisthi Naidoo. "Older marginalised people: pathways into and out of a marginal housing situation." Australian Journal of Human Rights 11, no. 1 (October 2005): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1323238x.2005.11910795.
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Kambia-Chopin, Bidénam. "Coûts de l’autoprotection et équilibre d’un marché de l’assurance concurrentiel." Articles 79, no. 3 (January 25, 2005): 327–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/009903ar.
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Résumé Nous considérons un marché concurrentiel de l’assurance en présence d’aléa moral dans lequel le niveau du coût de l’autoprotection de l’assuré est son information privée. Nous caractérisons alors l’équilibre en contrats du marché en supposant qu’il existe deux types d’agents : un type à faible coût marginal de l’effort et un autre dont le coût marginal est élevé. D’une part, nous montrons que le niveau de l’autoprotection de l’agent à l’équilibre est le même que dans la situation d’aléa moral pur. D’autre part, nous montrons qu’à l’équilibre les agents dont le coût marginal de l’effort est élevé obtiennent le même contrat que dans la situation d’aléa moral pur alors que l’autre type d’agents peut obtenir une couverture d’assurance plus faible. Enfin, l’existence de l’équilibre n’est pas toujours garantie.
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Márquez De la Cruz, Gilberto, Maria Antonieta Andrade Vallejo, and María Del Pilar Peña Cruz. "Reforma energética en México: los subsidios eléctricos y su impacto en las finanzas públicas." Oikos 19, no. 40 (May 4, 2016): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07184670.40.977.
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RESUMEN Este artículo describe brevemente la política de subsidios vía tarifas eléctricas que ha sido implementada en México en el periodo 2000-2014, así como el impacto negativo que ha tenido en las finanzas públicas. Asimismo sugiere mediante un análisis teórico la aplicación de una Política de Precios basada en Costos Marginales de Largo Plazo considerando criterios de equidad y distribución del ingreso que lleven a una situación de viabilidad financiera a la empresa suministradora de energía eléctrica del país.Palabras clave: tarifas eléctricas, subsidios, finanzas públicas, política de precios, costos marginales de largo plazo.Energy reform in Mexico: the electrical subsidies and their impact on public finances ABSTRACT This article briefly describes the policy of subsidies through electricity rates has been implemented in Mexico in the period 2000-2014, and the negative impact it has had on public finances. It also suggests a theoretical analysis by the application of a pricing policy based on Long Term Marginal Cost considering criteria of equity and income distribution leading to a situation of financial viability to the company supplying electricity in the country.Keywords: electricity rates, subsidies, public finances, price policy, long-term marginal costs.Reforma energética no México: os subsídios elétricos e seu impacto nas finanças públicas RESUMO Este artigo descreve brevemente a política de subsídios através de tarifas elétricas que tem sido realizada no México no período 2000-2014, bem como o impacto negativo que teve sobre as finanças públicas. Também sugere uma análise teórica com a aplicação de uma Política de Preços baseado em Custos Marginais de Longo Prazo, considerando critérios de equidade e de distribuição de renda que levam a uma situação de viabilidade financeira a empresa fornecedora de energia elétrica do país.Palavras-chave: tarifas elétricas, subsídios, finanças públicas, política de preços, custos marginais de longo prazo.
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Duck, Peter W. "Unsteady three-dimensional marginal separation, including breakdown." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 220 (November 1990): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112090003196.
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We consider a situation involving a three-dimensional marginal separation, where a (steady) boundary-layer flow is on the verge of separating at a point (located along a line of symmetry/centreline). At this point we include a ‘triple-deck’, thereby permitting a small amount of interaction to occur. Unsteadiness is included within this interaction region through some external means. It is shown that the problem reduces to the solution of a nonlinear, unsteady, partial integro system, which is solved numerically by means of time-marching together with a pseudo-spectral method spatially. A number of solutions to this system are presented which strongly suggest that a breakdown of this system may occur, at a finite spatial position, at a finite time. The structure and details of this breakdown are then described.
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Mega, Firda Mustika. "EDUKASI PARENTING TERHADAP KAUM MARGINAL KOTA." SCAFFOLDING: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam dan Multikulturalisme 2, no. 02 (December 13, 2020): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37680/scaffolding.v2i02.579.
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Trough of a social perspective, the portrait of a small family living in a marginal urban area with poor economic conditions forces its residents to work as scavengers, buskers and homeless people. This profession is not only done by parents, but they also involve their children to work on the streets. The weak economic situation of the family has an impact on the growth and development of their children and their right to appreciate education. However, the failure to fulfill the right to proper education for children because poverty can be anticipated by providing education and solutions in care. This happened in the residential area of Kampung Ledhok Timoho Jogjakarta where in-depth assessment and intervention had been carried out on the parenting role of parents. This research is a descriptive qualitative study using the phenomenological approach of Alfred Schutz which has the concept of because of motive and in order to motive into understand parenting education as family education as well as the motives behind and the hopes they want to achieve. As a result, with strong support and desire, the threat of unequal education for marginalized people is broken down and education does not always have to be balanced with high costs.
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Rahman, M., AI Sikder, M. Haque, and AKM Asaduzzaman. "Outpatient Management Of Low Velocity Gunshot Wound Experience In United Nations Level-Ii Hospital." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 7, no. 2 (April 16, 2012): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v7i2.10388.
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Introduction: Gunshot wounds are commonly encountered in war as well as in civilian situation. Experience of treating low velocity gunshot wounds (GSW) as outpatients in a war situation is depicted in this study. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the experience of treating low velocity gunshot wounds by simple wound irrigation and marginal excision in war situation. Method: This was a retrospective observational study carried out in a Level-II Hospital of United Nations in Ivory Coast over a period of 7 months. All patients of low velocity GSW were treated with simple wound irrigation with normal saline and povidone iodine solution with excision of wound margin of doubtful viability under local anesthesia, rather than wound debridement. Result: All wounds healed with 6% superficial wound infection that was controlled with oral antibiotics. Conclusion: Outpatient management of low velocity GSW with wound irrigation and marginal excision is an effective method of treatment that can save time, money and hospital-stay. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v7i2.10388 JAFMC 2011; 7(2): 12-14
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Marginal situation"
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CRIPPA, MATTEO ILIS. "Organizzare cure palliative. Una ricerca etnografica sul morire." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/29397.
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La tesi è frutto di una ricerca di tipo etnografico, guidata da alcuni interrogativi in merito alle modalità attraverso cui vengono organizzate le Cure Palliative in contesti di azione. Impiegando dati statistici secondari, traccia un profilo generale di questo fenomeno in Italia e in Europa. Il costrutto concettuale di “dolore totale” è stato identificato come uno degli elementi alla base delle successive elaborazioni teoriche fatte proprie dal mondo delle Cure Palliative. Il lavoro si concentra sullo studio etnografico dei principali contesti che compongono una Rete Locale di Cure Palliative: il processo di cura, che coinvolge operatori, familiari e malati, è stato compreso nei termini di una ri-organizzazione del morire e di produzione di “nuovi modi
corretti” per stare accanto al malato, una produzione e riproduzione dei legami sociali nel contesto di una marginal situation, in una fase di crisi delle routine quotidiane. Le Cure Palliative, considerate come disciplina, sviluppano dispositivi di controllo delle azioni e delle relazioni tra esseri umani e gruppi sociali.
Considerando il morire alla stregua di un’istituzione e le strutture studiate come parte di campo organizzativo, la ricerca ha richiesto la partecipazione ad alcune delle attività della società scientifica di riferimento (Società Italiana di Cure Palliative), lo studio di una parte della letteratura prodotta in questo campo, nonché il coinvolgimento in tre ampi progetti di ricerca in ambito organizzativo.
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West, Lindsey Marie Rivkin-Fish Michele R. "Reproducing margins situating the anthropology of fertility and migration in Geneva, Switzerland /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2740.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.Title from electronic title page (viewed Mar. 10, 2010). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in the Department of Anthropology Program of Medical Anthropology in the School of Arts and Sciences." Discipline: Anthropology; Department/School: Anthropology.
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Paugam, Serge. "La disqualification sociale : statuts, identités et rapports sociaux des populations en situation de précarité économique et sociale." Paris, EHESS, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988EHES0023.
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Cette thèse propose d'étudier la "pauvreté" comme condition socialement reconnue et les "pauvres" comme un ensemble de personnes dont le statut social est défini, pour une part, par des institutions spécialisées de l'action sociale qui les désignent comme tels. Le thème de la disqualification sociale, tel qu'il est abordé ici, renvoie à la logique de la désignation et de l'étiquetage et de ses effets sur le plan identitaire. Cette recherche a permis de montrer : 1) que les acteurs sociaux étudies participent, au moins partiellement, a la constitution et a la redéfinition de leur identité sociale en acceptant ou en prenant des distances vis-a-vis des rôles sociaux qui s'accordent à leur condition sociale objective et a leur statut; 2) qu'ils disposent d'une marge d'autonomie qui leur permet de négocier individuellement leur infériorité ou leur échec social (mais les "pauvres" occupent toujours une position sociale dégradée) ;3) qu'ils établissent eux-mêmes, parfois avec la complicité des travailleurs sociaux, des infra-hiérarchies au sein de leur espace résidentiel ou de leur groupe d'appartenanceThis thesis aims at studying "poverty" as a socially recognized condition and the "poors" as a group of people whose social status is partly defined by specialized social institutions which define them as such. The theme of social disqualification, such as it is dealt with here, is linked to the logic of designation and labelling and to the effects of this logic on the identity of people. This research was meant to show that : 1) the social actors dealt with play a role, at least a partial one, in the constitution and redefinition of their social identity by more or less accepting the social roles which fit their objective social condition and their status; 2) a certain autonomy enables them to individually negociate their inferiority or their social failure (but the "poors" hold always a degraded social position); 3) they establish, sometimes with the help of social workers, sub-hierarchies within the places they live in or within the groups they belong to
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Mollon, Maxime. "Design pour débattre : comment créer des artefacts dissonants, et leurs situations de communication, afin d’ouvrir des espaces de contestation mutuelle (agonisme) et d’expression des voix marginales (dissensus)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLET074.
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Vivre en démocratie ou travailler en groupe nécessite l’usage de procédés délibératifs pour s’accorder et décider des manières vivre ensemble et se projeter dans des futurs désirables communs. Cependant, ces démarches restent une illusion, selon la philosophe politique Chantal Mouffe. Car, la décision par consensus marginalise les souvent les opinions minoritaires, et car la rationalité ne permet pas de venir à bout des conflits souvent enracinés dans les affects. Par conséquent, comment ouvrir des espaces de débat participatifs, inclusifs et qui mobilisent les affects ? Quelles méthodes et quels rôles pour un tel design agnostique (du grec Agon, adversaire) ? Notre première contribution est d’avoir défini le groupe de pratiques et le champ de recherche du design pour débattre. Parmi ces pratiques notre étude se concentre sur le «Design Discursif » pour débattre, auquel des programmes comme le Design Critique, Spéculatif et Fiction participent. Le travail de terrain (5 projets de design chez les parties prenantes) a révélé comment le design peut stimuler le débat interpersonnel quand il met en « dissonance » les valeurs sociales du public. Nous avons appelé cette forme d’ethnométhodologie par le design, l’expérimentation de reliure. Second résultat au delà du simple artefact, le design peut atteindre et mobiliser un « public » (au sens de John Dewey), en allant à sa rencontre, sur son terrain. Et, en orchestrant toute une situation de communication où publics et artefacts se rencontrent. Nous en proposons un modèle descriptif, le Système de communication du Design Discursif. Ainsi, quand il déjoue la polarisation d’opinions, l’artefact endosse un rôle de diplomate non-humain, qui intensifie les conflits pour connecter des mondes qui ne s’entendent pas. Mais aussi, en tant que média, il adopte un rôle « d’artefact médiateur agnostique », qui ouvre des situations de communication multidimensionnelles – entre acteurs humains, non-humains et fictionnelsLiving in a democracy or working in a group requires the use of deliberative processes to agree and decide on ways of living together and projecting ourselves into common desirable futures. However, these processes remain an illusion, according to the political philosopher Chantal Mouffe. Because, decision by consensus often marginalises minority opinions, but also, rationality does not make it possible to overcome conflicts. They are rather often rooted in affects. Consequently, how can we open spaces for debate that are participatory, inclusive and that mobilise the affects? What methods and roles for such an agnostic design (from the Greek Agon, adversary)? My first contribution is the definition of the group of practices and of the research field of design for debate. Among these practices, my study focuses on “Discursive Design” for debate, in which programmes such as Critical Design, Speculative Design and Design Fiction participate. The fieldwork (5 design projects) revealed how design can stimulate interpersonal debate when it generates a ‘dissonance’ among the social values of the public, by presenting an ambivalent artefact (which juxtaposes discordant values). I have called this form of ethnomethodology through design, the bridging experiment. As a second result, beyond the simple design of an artefact, design can reach and mobilise a “public” (in the sense of John Dewey) concerned by a latent issue, by joining it in its own context. And, by orchestrating a whole communication situation where audiences and artefacts meet. I offer a descriptive model called the Discursive Design Communication System. Thus, when it thwarts the polarisation of opinions, the artefact takes on the role of a non-human diplomat, which intensifies conflicts in order to connect worlds that do not speak to each other. But also, as a media, design adopts the role of an “agnostic mediating artefact,” which opens up multidimensional communication situations—between human, non-human and fictional actors
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"A sociological study of the marginal labor market situation in Hong Kong: a case study of public housing estates janitors." 2004. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891885.
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Wong Wo Ping.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-145).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
List of Tables --- p.3
List of Figures --- p.4
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.5
Chapter 1.1 --- Research Background --- p.5
Chapter 1.2 --- Choosing janitors as research topic --- p.6
Chapter 1.3 --- Labor supply and labor demand --- p.6
Chapter 1.4 --- Dual or segmented labor market theory --- p.8
Chapter 1.5 --- From labor control to political apparatuses of production --- p.8
Chapter 1.6 --- Beyond Production --- p.10
Chapter 1.7 --- Overview of this research --- p.13
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.15
Chapter 2.1 --- Definition of marginal labor --- p.15
Chapter 2.2 --- The polarization and deteriorating of working condition --- p.17
Chapter 2.3 --- Explanation of the trend --- p.17
Chapter 2.4 --- Neo-classical economics theory of labor market --- p.26
Chapter 2.5 --- Dual (Segmented) labor market theory --- p.31
Chapter 2.6 --- Politic of production --- p.32
Chapter 2.7 --- Sub si stent demand --- p.36
Chapter 2.8 --- Availability of alternate job opportunities --- p.38
Chapter 2.9 --- Integrating the economics and sociology disciplines --- p.39
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Methodology --- p.43
Chapter 3.1 --- Source of data --- p.43
Chapter 3.2 --- Discussion for my methodology --- p.47
Chapter 3.3 --- Problem of representativenss --- p.48
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Macro Pictures of the Janitory Industry of Public Housing Estates --- p.50
Chapter 4.1. --- The Overall Economic Background of Hong Kong --- p.50
Chapter 4.2. --- Cleaning Service in Public Housing Estates --- p.54
Chapter 4.3 --- Characteristics of Janitors in Public Housing Estates --- p.62
Chapter 4.4. --- Macro situation in the janitory labor market --- p.68
Chapter 4.5. --- The labor market situation of the janitors working in Public Housing Estates --- p.84
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Production Politics of Janitors in Public Housing Estates --- p.88
Chapter 5.1 --- Production relations under a hegemonic regime --- p.88
Chapter 5.2 --- Structural constrain of resistance under despotic regime --- p.96
Chapter 5.3 --- Subjectivity of the janitors --- p.107
Chapter 5.4 --- Conclusion --- p.109
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Subsistence Demand and Job Mobility----Supply in the Labor Market --- p.110
Chapter 6.1 --- Subsistence demand of janitors --- p.111
Chapter 6.2 --- The availability of other job choices --- p.120
Chapter 6.3 --- Conclusion --- p.127
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.129
Chapter 7.1 --- Overview of this research --- p.129
Chapter 7.2 --- The implication of this study as a study of marginal workers in Hong Kong --- p.133
Chapter 7.3 --- Theoretical implication of this study --- p.134
Appendix I General Information of the Informants --- p.138
Appendix II Interview Questions --- p.139
List of Reference --- p.141
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Greissler, Elisabeth. "Contraintes et conditions d’émergence de l’engagement des jeunes en situation de marginalité." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10524.
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Cette recherche doctorale vise à comprendre et interpréter les conditions d’émergence d’un engagement chez des jeunes en situation de marginalité. Des études ont montré que cette situation peut-être un frein important à l’engagement, en raison d’un manque de ressources personnelles, organisationnelles, ou culturelles. Généralement, on a tendance à insister sur le fait que « les jeunes » ne veulent plus militer. Pourtant, d’importantes actions collectives (mouvements étudiants ou communautaires) ou initiatives citoyennes personnelles (écriture de blogues ou signature de pétitions) viennent contredire cette affirmation. En fait, certaines prises de position, dans la sphère privée notamment, échappent à toute analyse classique et sont prises pour un non-engagement, de l’individualisme voire de l’apathie.
À partir d’une approche qualitative, exploratoire et interprétative, le dispositif méthodologique de cette thèse privilégie l’observation participante et les entretiens de groupe afin de recueillir le point de vue des jeunes et d’observer un certain nombre d’actions collectives. C’est par le truchement d’organismes communautaires de jeunesse (OCJ) montréalais qu’une centaine de jeunes ont été rencontrés, de septembre 2010 à décembre 2011. L’analyse itérative du corpus de données s’est inspirée des principes de la théorisation ancrée (grounded theory). Un premier niveau d’analyse descriptive a permis de mettre en exergue les contraintes et les conditions d’émergence de l’engagement ainsi que les performances des jeunes en situation de marginalité. Les différentes formes d’engagement ont ensuite été explorées puis mises en perspective dans différents espaces : « original », « intermédiaire » et « négatif ».
L’espace original correspond, dans cette thèse, aux moyens d’actions traditionnels (vote, militantisme politique). Nos résultats montrent que le positionnement des jeunes dans ce cadre est très tranché. En fait, non seulement ces modes d’actions émergent rarement mais, s’ils existent, sont le plus souvent soutenus par des intervenants. Dans un autre espace, les jeunes développent parfois des postures particulières, plus radicales ou, au contraire, des postures de retrait, de non-engagement. Cela se rapporte à ce qu’il conviendrait d’appeler l’espace négatif. Dans ce cas, les contraintes de la situation de marginalité poussent certains jeunes à mettre à distance l’engagement et à se situer aux marges des espaces de participation. L’opposition à toutes formes traditionnelles d’engagement amène des jeunes à envisager des moyens d’action plus radicaux que l’on peut également circonscrire dans cet espace négatif. On trouve au final une tout autre dynamique selon laquelle des jeunes prennent position au sein de ce que l’on a appelé l’espace intermédiaire. Les territoires et les modes d’action sont alors aussi éclectiques que la rue, l’entourage personnel, ou la création artistique underground.
Si les rapports à l’engagement des jeunes rencontrés sont complexes, parfois ambivalents, ils révèlent toutefois la recherche d’une alternative, la construction de modes d’action particuliers. Une analyse dynamique des contraintes et des conditions d’émergence de l’engagement des jeunes en difficulté montre que leurs prises de position dépassent la simple dialectique engagement/non-engagement. Ainsi, ce que l’on pourrait appeler un « alter-engagement » se dessine à travers les prises de position de ces jeunes, particulièrement au sein de l’espace intermédiaire. Ce concept est développé pour mettre en évidence les formes d’engagement plus intimes, plus communautaires ou plus artistiques. L’alter-engagement se définit alors comme une forme de prise de position critique, impolitique, en réaction à la fois à l’engagement traditionnel, à une posture de retrait et à une posture plus radicale.This doctoral research attempts to outline the understanding and interpretation of the conditions leading to the emergence of engagement of young people on the fringe of society. Studies have shown that being on the fringe is a serious obstacle to engagement, due to a lack of personal, organizational and cultural resources. The general tendency is to emphasize the fact that young people do not want to be activists, when in fact, significant collective actions (student or community movements) or initiatives led by individual citizens (blogging or signing petitions) contradict these assertions. In fact, in some cases, taking a standpoint, particularly within the private sphere, elude all analyses and are mistaken for non-involvement, individualism or even apathy. Based on a qualitative, exploratory and interpretative approach, the methodological process of this research favors participative observation and focus groups in order to collect the point of view of young people on the subject of their engagement or non-engagement, as well as observing a certain number of collective actions. Through the intervention of community organizations for young people (OCJ) in Montreal, we were able to meet with about hundred young people between September 2010 and December 2011. The iterative data analysis is based on the principles of Grounded Theory. The first level of descriptive analysis allowed us to highlight the constraints and conditions of the emergence of involvement, as well as performances of youths on the fringe of society. Various forms of engagement have been explored, then put in perspective of the following spaces: “original”, “intermediary” and “negative”. The “original” space corresponds, in this research, to traditional means of action (voting, political activism). Our results show that the positioning of young people within this frame is much divided. In fact, not only do these modes of action rarely emerge, but when they do, they are mostly supported by social worker. In another space, young people sometimes develop particular, more radical positions or, on the contrary, positions of withdrawing and non-involvement. This reflects what could be called a negative space. In that case, constraints inherent to their marginal situation push some young people to distance themselves from engagement and to position themselves at the margin of the spaces of involvement. Opposition to all traditional forms of engagement leads some young people to consider more radical forms of action that may also be included in that negative space. Finally, one finds totally different dynamics as to how some young people position themselves within what we have called the intermediary space. The scope and preferred means of action are as eclectic as the street itself, the personal social circle or the underground creative production. More complex and sometimes ambivalent, the positioning of the young people we have met towards engagement demonstrates a search for an alternative: the elaboration of particular means of action. The dynamic analysis of the constraints and conditions of emergence of engagement of young people shows that their positioning youths go beyond the simple dialectics of involvement vs. noninvolvement. Thus, what could be called “alter-engagement” emerges through the positioning of these young people, particularly within the intermediary space. This concept is developed to outline forms of engagement that are more intimate, more linked to the community or to artistic forms of expression. Alter-engagement therefore defines itself as a critical, a-political standpoint, in reaction at the same time towards traditional engagement, positions of withdrawing and more radical positions.
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Robitaille, Charles. "La presse écrite et les représentations des personnes en situation de marginalité." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20373.
Full textBooks on the topic "Marginal situation"
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The marginal situation: A sociological study of a coloured group. London: Routledge, 1998.
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Association for Rural Advancement through Voluntary Action and Local Involvement (India), ed. Situational analysis of rainfed agriculture in Rajasthan: A study of status of small and marginal farmers in the rainfed areas in Rajasthan. [Jaipur]: ARAVALI, 2003.
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Dangerous classes: The underclass and social citizenship. London: Routledge, 1994.
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Unwelcome Americans: Living on the margin in early New England. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2001.
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Dickie-Clark, H. E. Marginal Situation Ils 112. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
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Dickie-Clark, H. E. Marginal Situation Ils 112. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315007052.
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Dickie-Clark, H. E. Marginal Situation Ils 112. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
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Dickie-Clark, H. E. Marginal Situation Ils 112. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
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Dickie-Clark, H. E. Marginal Situation Ils 112. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
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Sheehe, Janeen Bartlett. THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE MARGINAL SITUATION, SELF-ESTEEM AND SCHOLARSHIP IN NURSE FACULTY. 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Marginal situation"
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Fishbane, Simcha. "Marginal Person and/or Marginal Situation: The Convert in Mishnah." In Exploring Mishnah's World(s), 95–117. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53571-1_4.
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Huang, Pei-Hua. "Uncertainty, Vaccination, and the Duties of Liberal States." In Philosophy of Engineering and Technology, 97–110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08424-9_5.
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AbstractIt is widely accepted that a liberal state has a general duty to protect its people from undue health risks. However, the unprecedented emergent measures against the COVID-19 pandemic taken by governments worldwide give rise to questions regarding the extent to which this duty may be used to justify suspending a vaccine rollout on marginal safety grounds. In this chapter, I use the case of vaccination to argue that while a liberal state has a general duty to protect its people’s health, there is a limit to the measures this duty can be used to justify. First, I argue that since every available option involves different risks and benefits, the incommensurability of the involved risks and benefits forbids the prioritisation of a particular vaccine. Second, I argue that given epistemic limitations and uncertainty, policies that favour certain vaccines are not only epistemically ill-founded but also morally unacceptable. I conclude that in a highly uncertain situation such as the unfolding pandemic, the duty a liberal state ought to uphold is to properly communicate the knowns and unknowns to the general public and help people decide which option to choose for themselves. I call this duty the duty to facilitate risk-taking.
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Lempinen, Hanna. "At the Margins of the Barents Energyscape." In Situational Analysis in Practice, 215–34. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003035923-19.
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Makdissi, Paul, and Quentin Wodon. "Poverty-Dominant Marginal Transfer Reforms in Socially Risky Situations." In Productivity and Inequality, 157–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68678-3_7.
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Nanda Kumar, T., Sandip Das, and Ashok Gulati. "Dairy Value Chain." In India Studies in Business and Economics, 195–226. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4268-2_6.
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AbstractLivestock sector is the backbone of Indian agriculture and plays a crucial role in the development of the rural economy. More than one-fifth (23%) of agricultural households with area less than 0.01 hectare reported livestock as their principal source of income (GoI Government of India (2014) Key indicators of situation of agricultural). Livestock is one of the fastest-growing sectors of Indian agriculture. While the share of overall agriculture and allied sectors in Gross Value Added (GVA) declined from 18.2% in 2014–15 to 17.8% in 2019–20, the share of livestock sector in GVA increased from 4.4% to 5.1% in the same period (GoI Government of India (2021) The economic survey (2020–21). Ministry of Finance. Government of India). Livestock sector accounts for 31% of the gross value of output in agriculture and allied sector (GVOA). Within livestock, milk is the biggest component with 20% share in GVOA. In fact, milk is the largest agriculture commodity in terms of value of output worth INR 772,705 crores in 2018–19 which was more than the value of cereals, pulses, oilseeds and sugarcane combined worth INR 623,462 crores (MoSPI. (2021). National Accounts Statistics 2020. Central Statistical Organization. Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation.). Around 70 million of rural households are engaged in milk production, most of them are landless, marginal, and small farmers (NCAER. (2020). Analyzing Socio-Economic Impact of National Dairy Plan—I. National Council for Applied Economic Research. February 2020.). As a source of livelihood for million of poor households, dairying also supplements their dietary sources of protein and nutrition thus playing a critical role in the country’s food security needs.
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Lempinen, Hanna. "Reflections on (Doing) Situational Analysis at the Margins of International Relations." In Situational Analysis in Practice, 235–39. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003035923-20.
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Siemieńska, Renata. "Attitudes Towards Older People in the Labour Market and in Politics: A Cross-National Comparison." In Older Workers and Labour Market Exclusion Processes, 99–114. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11272-0_6.
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AbstractThe aim of this chapter is to compare attitudes towards people over 70 as potential workers in the labour force in countries with different social welfare regimes, cultures, demographic and economic situations. Life course theory/perspective suggests a multidisciplinary paradigm. It suggests to examine how people live in different structural contexts and how economic, social and cultural changes influence attitudes towards older people and their presence in public life. The social context is defined in micro and macro scales (e.g. individual and family situations of persons in different stages of their life, their economic situation, occupational experience, social activities) within different societies. The basic assumption is that a particular life course stage of a person influences subsequent experiences and also attitudes towards seniors. As predicted age, gender, education, and life satisfaction are factors that differentiate attitudes. The differences found in 1990 are still observed to some extent in 2012. A significant proportion of respondents expect older people to withdraw to the private sphere. Some of them expect older people to be active in non-governmental organizations, informal assistance relationships, institutions established for older people which allow the needs of older people to be satisfied. In reality older people are kept on the margins of mainstream public life.The data of World Values Survey conducted in 2012 have been used in the analyses shown in the chapter. Eleven countries have been selected to show the situation in different countries with different history and welfare systems. The data are unique. The set of questions asked internationally in the wave of the study has not been included in the next waves of WVS. However, we may consider that the findings presented in the chapter are important for understanding the actual situation of older people, the perception of their social and cultural capital, the respondents’ willingness to see them as part of labour force and to be included in public life. The recent statistical data and reports show that older people are still poorly represented on decision-making positions in politics and economic institutions.
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Cilliers, Jakkie. "Poverty, Inequality and Growth." In The Future of Africa, 147–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46590-2_7.
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AbstractCilliers first explores the progress that has been made globally in poverty reduction in a historical context and then the relationship between inequality and growth. He concludes that Africa will miss goal 1 of the Sustainable Development Goals on the elimination of extreme poverty by 2030 by a substantial margin. The chapter uses three income measures of extreme poverty for low, lower-middle and upper-middle countries to frame the current situation in Africa and then discusses and forecasts the impact of social grants on poverty alleviation. A final section presents the results of a scenario, Social Grants for Africa, and compares the results with the poverty forecast in the Current Path.
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Giménez, José Miguel. "A Wide Family of Solutions Based on Marginal Contributions for Situations of Competence—Cooperation with Structure of a Priori Coalition Blocks." In Progress in Industrial Mathematics at ECMI 2006, 882–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71992-2_154.
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Abdalla, Elgailani, Tarig Ahmed, Omar Bakhit, Yasir Gamar, Salih Elshaikh, Yasir Mohammed, and Abdellatif Sulaiman And Hatim Mardi. "Groundnut mutants with end-of-season drought tolerance for the marginal dry lands of North Kordofan State, Sudan." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 243–57. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0025.
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Abstract Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.), produced in the traditional small-scale rainfed sector of Western Sudan, accounts for 80% of the total annual groundnut acreage, producing 70% of the total production. Low productivity of groundnut is a characteristic feature in North Kordofan State, which is characterized as the most vulnerable state to the impact of climate change. Terminal drought stress resulting from reduction in rainfall amount and distribution at the end of the season is the most deleterious drought period, as it coincides with groundnut pod filling and maturation periods. High and stable yields under subsistence farming conditions in North Kordofan State could be realized only by using adapted high-yielding, drought-tolerant genotypes. Mutation induction by gamma-rays of 200 and 300 Gy was utilized to irradiate 500 dry seeds of the Spanish-type groundnut genotypes, Barberton, Sodari, ICGV 89104, ICGV 86743, ICGV 86744 and ICG 221, aiming at increasing the chances of obtaining genotypes with the desired drought-tolerant traits. Mutants were selected from the M3 plants using visual morphological traits. Groundnut mutants at the M4 and M5 generations, advanced by single seed descent, were evaluated for end-of-season drought tolerance. A terminal drought period of 25 days was imposed after 60 days from planting, using a rainout shelter. Mutants that survived 25 days of terminal drought stress were further evaluated for agronomic performance under rainfed field conditions. The groundnut mutant, Barberton-b-30-3-B, produced 1024 kg/ha, a significantly higher mean pod yield over 12 seasons compared with 926 kg/ha for 'Gubeish', the widely grown released check cultivar, showing overall yield advantage of 11%. Under 5 years of participatory research, Barberton-b-30-3-B was ranked the best with yield increment of 21% over 'Gubeish' under the mother trials. The GGE biplot analysis for 12 and five seasons, respectively, showed that Barberton-b-30-3-B was stable and produced a good yield in both high and low rainfall situations. Hence, Barberton-b-30-3-B was found to be a suitable mutant for sustainable profitable yields in the marginal dry lands of North Kordofan State and was officially released as 'Tafra-1' by the National Variety Release Committee during its second meeting of April 2018.
Conference papers on the topic "Marginal situation"
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Bai, Hongkun, Meng Yang, Dawei Song, Yang He, Tonglun Su, and Xin Jiang. "A Review of the Application of Locational Marginal Price Theory in The New Situation." In 2019 IEEE 3rd Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ei247390.2019.9061929.
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Shiaoi, Tsung-Wen. "An Innovative and Transparent Negotiation Mechanism for the Petroleum Contracts to Develop Marginal Oil Fields." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21328-ms.
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Abstract This study is to propose a transparent mechanism among host governments and international oil companies (or IOCs) so an amicable "win-win" situation can be achieved on the negotiation of the petroleum contracts for the development of marginal fields. Marginal field has various definitions. It can be a field with recoverable reserve not exceeding 30 million barrels of oil or 500 billion standard cubic feet of natural gas (Abdul Razak 2011, Malaysian Petroleum Income Tax Act 1967). It also can be a field, somehow "stranded", needs an oil price of US$60/bbl to be commercial (Aziz 2019). Or as simpe as it can be, a marginal field in Nigeria is any field being left unattended for more than ten years from the date of discovery (Auwalu 2020). In this paper, the author recommends that a marginal field be difined as any undeveloped field with a zero present value at 10% discount rate (or PV10 Value = 0) based on the average commodity price of previous 12 months’ first-day-of-the-month prices. This definition is conformable to the SEC pricing guidelines for publicly traded IOCs in the U.S.A. (Scheig n.d.). Host governments endeavor to bring foreign fund and technology to develop their hydrocarbon resources effectively for the benefit of national welfare. IOCs are eager to expand into other promising areas for more hydrocarbon reserves in order to strengthen the balance sheets. A well-designed petroleum fiscal regime can thus achieve the balance between host governments and IOCs (Tordo 2007).
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Uche, Chukwunonso, Obehi Eremiokhale, Asime Bala, Jennifer Uche, and Idris Jimoh. "Lessons Learned from Drilling an Extended Open Hole Interval in a Marginal Field Environment." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211914-ms.
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Abstract Drilling extended open hole sections which carries significant operational risks especially in pressured reservoirs has most times resulted to wellbore instability problems which could cause stuck pipe problems. However, drilling designs or operational challenges may lead to such risky decisions. When such a situation arise, precautionary strategies are normally put in place to ensure that potential wellbore instability does not cause loss of time or resources. The paper narrates the case of a well drilled in the Niger delta environment by one of the marginal field operators. The tophole was planned to be drilled with one hole section, but due to difficulties encountered while drilling to the planned depth, decision was made to sidetrack the well with a smaller 6-1/2"hole section. The well was finally landed successfully. The objective of this paper is to narrate the lessons learned in drilling an open hole interval, the challenges and the consequent decisions taken to land the well in the hydrocarbon interval. It discusses both the well design and actual subsurface challenges, with significant emphasis in the strategy adopted in having landing into the objective sand. Some of the key learnings are the need to get much information as possible when drilling into a compartmentalized reservoir. A thorough knowledge of a reservoir helps in adequate optimization during drilling and geosteering.
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Hammond, Steven, Iman Zahari, and Awaluddin Berwanto. "Direct Hydraulic Control Systems as a Key Enabler for Developing Shallow Water Marginal Fields." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31412-ms.
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Abstract Objectives/Scope In the current situation of the industry, high numbers of prospects are being considered as not economical to develop due to various factors including low reserves, high complexity and stranded locations with no suitable host facility to tie-in to nearby. This paper will discuss how the utilization of direct-hydraulic subsea control technology, when coupled with shallow water tree technology, can be deployed to enable technically and commercially viable solutions for marginal shallow water fields. Methods, Procedures, Process Under these circumstances, direct hydraulic technology has a number of advantages over traditional EH-MUX control systems, such that direct hydraulics can enable the development of fields which would otherwise be uneconomical. These advantages include – Results, Observations, Conclusions By using Direct Hydraulic technology, the project was able to achieve a commercially attractive and technically fit-for-purpose design, leading to successful project sanction (the first such project in Malaysian waters), and opening the door for similar future developments to follow. Novel/Additive Information This paper will present information and methods that will be of benefit to other Operators in the subsea industry who are seeking to unlock reserves that are currently in marginal fields and would be uneconomical to develop using other methods. The benefits that can be gained are both in terms of proof of concept using off-the-shelf designs, and opening up otherwise uneconomical fields for development. In this particular case, the project opens up a further 6 new fields which were previously considered uneconomic to develop.
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Zakaria, Ahmad Zahid Murshidi, Muhammad Idham Khalid, Shahrul Nizam Mohd Effendi, Mark Arathoon, Mohamad Zakwan Zainal Abidin, and Mohamad Afzal Abdul Jalil. "Expanding Horizon - A Feasibility Study on Implementing PMCD Operation Using Coiled Tubing Drilling Technology to Develop Marginal Reserves in Karstic Carbonate Reservoir, Offshore Malaysia." In IADC/SPE Managed Pressure Drilling & Underbalanced Operations Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206388-ms.
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Abstract With the current uncertain situation regarding the stability of oil prices in the world, operators have been pushed to develop their available resources in a cost-effective way. Lately, there has been increased interest in the application of Coiled Tubing Drilling, especially for accessing bypassed hydrocarbon in mature or late-stage fields. This paper describes the feasibility study done to examine the possibility of using Coiled Tubing Drilling package/equipment to drill and complete a sidetrack well in a karstic carbonate reservoir with total losses issue by applying the principles of Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling (PMCD). This will be the first time that such method is being utilized for developing karstic carbonate reservoirs in Offshore Malaysia. The paper will go through the background of the project (generic field information, reservoir properties, well design and architecture), the critical design elements for the system (technical requirements, safety standards, operational and logistical factors) and the contingency scenarios considered. Based on the aforementioned items, a fit-for-purpose Coiled Tubing Drilling equipment arrangement together with suitable PMCD method and light annular mud (LAM) selection were proposed to cater for the specific challenges of the well. It was concluded that the application of PMCD using Coiled Tubing Drilling Package is feasible with some modification to the equipment, line up and operational procedures.
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Scornik, Marina. "Gestión del territorio: en áreas vulnerables del área metropolitana del Gran Resistencia (AMGR)." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Instituto de Arte Americano. Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.5893.
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El presente trabajo se basa en los avances de la tesis del Doctorado en Geografía, que se está desarrollando
en la facultad de Humanidades y el IGHI, ambos de la UNNE. La inadecuada gestión que existe actualmente y
el deterioro urbano progresivo de las áreas con vulnerabilidad ambiental, social y económica del Área
Metropolitana del Gran Resistencia (AMGR), agrava los riesgos de la población marginal en primera instancia, y
por ende limita el desarrollo y funcionamiento eficiente y equitativo de todo el sistema urbano. El desarrollo de
nuevos instrumentos o herramientas, apropiadas a las condiciones de la región, para ser utilizadas en la
planificación de nuevos asentamientos, reordenar los existentes o mejorar los sectores deficitarios son los
objetivos del trabajo. En este sentido se pretende llegar a desarrollar un sistema de gestión territorial que
permita revertir la situación actual de la localidad de Fontana, para también prevenir la forma de ocupación de
otros sectores del AMGR, donde se localiza el área de estudio. This work is based on advances in Geography PhD thesis, which is being developed, at the Faculty of Humanities and IGHI, both of the UNNE. Inadequate management currently exists and progressive urban decay areas with environmental, social and economic vulnerability of Greater Metropolitan Area of Resistencia (AMGR), aggravates the risks of marginal population in the first instance, and these limits the development and operation efficient and equitable of the all system. The development of new instruments or tools appropriate to the conditions of the region, to be used in the planning of new settlements, reorder or supplement existing deficit areas are work goals. In this way, I intend to develop a system of land management that allows reverse
the current situation of Fontana`s town, to also prevent other form of occupation AMGR sectors.
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Haryasukma, Kresna Prabu, Arrofi Nurmida, Rangga Saputra, I. Gede Suryana Saptawirawan, Lutfi Andhika, and Ray Henry Jimmy Hutahaean. "Evolution of Re-Entry Well Drilling Performance to Reduce 60% Well Cost: Making the Impossible Possible Towards the Second Life of Mahakam." In SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210734-ms.
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Abstract Mahakam block is a concession area of oil and gas fields currently operated by Pertamina Hulu Mahakam. This block is located across the Mahakam offshore and delta in East Kalimantan. Mahakam block has been producing oil and gas since more than 40 years ago and is categorized as brownfield due to its marginal reserves. Coming from that situation, new wells are required to sustain field production. With limited available slots on existing platform, drilling thru re-entry wells is introduced. However, conventional re-entry drilling operation is still not satisfactory to meet the economical cut-off for the remaining marginal reserve. A comprehensive re-entry well drilling strategy is continuously developed to optimize re-entry well drilling operation and significantly reduce the well cost. The strategy involves various optimizations from all drilling aspects. The first phase of re-entry well drilling evolution aims to eliminate invisible lost time from conventional re-entry drilling operation, by implementing rigless Plug and Abandonment (P&A) of parent well, eliminating BHA trips for milling casing & rathole during sidetrack preparation, and performing direct logging thru sidetrack window with wireline for reservoir data acquisition. After the first phase of re-entry well drilling evolution is established, the second phase of re-entry well drilling evolution is implemented to further reduce the well cost to meet the economic cut-off for the remaining marginal reserve, by focusing on optimization of drilling performance aspects, such as BHA optimization, fit to purpose bit selection, enhanced drilling parameter and fast connection. The result of comprehensive optimization of re-entry well drilling operation is very promising and shows a positive impact. At the beginning of re-entry well introduced in Mahakam, the well was completed within 32.3 days of well duration for 1 section drilling interval. The implementation of optimizations was performed in stages to assess the feedback thoroughly for better results thru the first phase and second phase of re-entry well drilling evolution, resulting in gradually reduction of well duration and also the well cost. The latest implementation in Peciko field where the well can be successfully completed within 7.2 days and becoming the fastest development well drilled in Offshore Mahakam area. The well cost is also significantly reduced by up to 60% compared to the first re-entry well performed with conventional method. The most important thing, all the initiatives have been executed in a safe manner without any major operation issues and successfully unlocked remaining marginal reserve to prolong the sustainability of Mahakam. The result of comprehensive optimization of re-entry well drilling operation significantly boosts the confidence for offshore field development, unlocking the way towards the Second Life of Mahakam. This strategy will become the new standard in drilling new development wells in Offshore Mahakam area to better adapt to the economic challenges. Furthermore, all the initiatives are also very feasible to be applied in other areas outside of Mahakam for the re-entry well campaign.
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Chen, C. Q., P. T. Ng, G. B. Ang, Francis Rivai, S. L. Ting, Angela Teo, H. P. Ng, J. Lam, and Z. H. Mai. "Application of AFP Nanoprobing Light-Induced Photovoltaic Current in the Failure Analysis." In ISTFA 2017. ASM International, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2017p0427.
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Abstract As semiconductor technology keeps scaling down, failure analysis and device characterizations become more and more challenging. Global fault isolation without detailed circuit information comprises the majority of foundry EFA cases. Certain suspected areas can be isolated, but further narrow-down of transistor and device performance is very important with regards to process monitoring and failure analysis. A nanoprobing methodology is widely applied in advanced failure analysis, especially during device level electrical characterization. It is useful to verify device performance and to prove the problematic structure electrically. But sometimes the EFA spot coverage is too big to do nanoprobing analysis. Then further narrow-down is quite critical to identify the suspected structure before nanoprobing is employed. That means there is a gap between global fault isolation and localized device analysis. Under these kinds of situation, PVC and AFP current image are offen options to identify the suspected structure, but they still have their limitation for many soft defect or marginal fails. As in this case, PVC and AFP current image failed to identify the defect in the spot range. To overcome the shortage of PVC and AFP current image analysis, laser was innovatively applied in our current image analysis in this paper. As is known to all, proper wavelength laser can induce the photovoltaic effect in the device. The photovoltaic effect induced photo current can bring with it some information of the device. If this kind of information was properly interpreted, it can give us some clue of the device performance.
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Chapuliot, S., M. Sportisse, J. Hardouin, and S. Vidard. "Thermo-Mechanical Justification of the FA3 RPV Cover and Bottom Domes Under Normal and Upset, Emergency and Faulted Loading Situations." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84553.
Full textAbstract:
This paper describes in a synthetic manner the work performed for the thermo-mechanical justification of the FA3 cover and bottom domes. Details on the postulated defects definition, thermo-hydraulics loading determination, thermo-mechanical model definition and margin evaluation are provided. As a conclusion it is shown that despite the presence of the Carbon macro-segregation, the mechanical justification of both domes could be achieved with significant margins.
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Hallihan, Michael F. "Re-Engineering Existing Pipelines in Western Canada." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10072.
Full textAbstract:
The pipeline infrastructure throughout Western Canada is extensive, with more than 350,000 km in Alberta alone. As the profitability of oil and gas production swings, so too does the utilization of the pipeline infrastructure. During the 1990’s, the economics of some oil and gas production was marginal and the associated pipelines were under utilized. In particular, upstream producers deactivated several under utilized pipelines. Deactivated lines were blocked in, others purged and isolated, while others were completely abandoned. The profitability of oil and gas production has improved steadily since 1999 and the industry has pursued the reactivation of many of these pipelines. In several cases, the diligence of the pipeline operator during economically tight periods was less than desirable with respect to both of these functions. Poor economics also impaired the development and preservation of good pipeline design and maintenance records. The retention of the existing records was further impaired by the numerous corporate divestments and acquisitions that occurred over the past fifteen years. The lack of good quality pipeline records has hampered efforts to reactivate many pipelines. Another feature of our economic environment is the production of alternate zones from an existing well that was previously uneconomic. These zones often produce fluids significantly different than the original well completion and may not be consistent with the design of the original pipeline. This requires re-engineering of the pipeline for the new service. The most common situation is changing from one substance to another, however, changing the maximum operating pressure, changing the design temperature or changing the flow direction may also be required. The objective of this paper is to describe some of the specific challenges in reactivating dormant pipelines and re-engineering pipelines for new service conditions. The focus of this paper will be with respect to pipelines built to CSA Z183, Z184 or Z662 standards and the Alberta Pipeline Regulation.
Reports on the topic "Marginal situation"
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Collyer, Michael, and Laura Hammond. Migrants on the margins final report. Royal Geographical Society (with IBG), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55203/jtld8758.
Full textAbstract:
Migrants on the margins was a five-year collaborative field research project that investigated the movement of migrants into and around four of the world’s most pressured cities: Colombo in Sri Lanka, Dhaka in Bangladesh, Harare in Zimbabwe and Hargeisa in Somaliland. Supported by the Society, the research team adopted a comparative approach to look at the opportunities available to migrants in order to better understand their experiences and vulnerabilities. Research in the four cities engaged with both newly arrived and well-established residents of 13 neighbourhoods, and involved focus groups, surveys, walk along interviews, oral histories, Q methodology, and GIS and participatory community mapping workshops. The key findings from the project have shed light on the incredible challenges of living in the neighbourhoods studied as well as the significant levels of population mobility, or churn, within these communities. The research also highlights the impact of clear gender differences in men’s and women’s roles in communities, as well as the effect of evictions and tenure security on residents, and how people can easily become ‘trapped’ within these neighbourhoods. Results from the research are continuing to influence policy within the four cities, and the research team have worked to support local policy makers and municipalities to improve the situations that migrants find themselves in.