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Serhat, Koken. "Clinical and laboratory investigations on cervical margin relocation." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1096029.
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In the presence of subgingival proximal margins, close to or below the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), impression taking and adhesive luting procedures for indirect restorations are hampered; surgical crown lengthening or orthodontic eruption are viable options. However, the placement of a small amount of composite, so-called cervical margin relocation (CMR), was proposed as an alternative technique.
To date, literature about CMR is scarce and the aim of this PhD thesis was to perform laboratory and clinical investigations to shed light on some crucial missing points.
The thesis consists of 5 studies. The first study is a literature review summarizing the existing scientific literature on CMR technique performed prior to the adhesive cementation of indirect restorations. The second study is an in vivo randomized controlled clinical trial assessing the possible influence of CMR on periodontal health, after 12- month of clinical service. The third study is an in vitro study evaluating the marginal sealing of relocated mesio-occluso-distal overlays. The fourth study is an in vitro study analyzing the influence of cervical margin relocation and adhesive system on microleakage of indirect composite restorations. The fifth study is an in vitro study evaluating the possible correlation between two methodological approaches applied to evaluate cervical margin relocation.
Different methodological approaches were used to perform the above-reported investigations, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microleakage analyses.
The principal investigator was calibrated and trained before performing the operative procedures and laboratory investigations. All the recorded data were statistically analyzed with dedicated software.
CMR is a relatively new restorative procedure and information on its performance is limited. Within the limitations of the performed laboratory and clinical studies, the present PhD thesis allowed to draw the following conclusions:
1. On the basis of the reviewed literature, currently, there is no strong scientific evidence that could either support or discourage the use of CMR technique prior to restoration of deep subgingival defects with indirect adhesive restorations; further randomized controlled clinical trials are necessary to provide reliable evidence on the influence of CMR technique on the clinical performance, especially on the longevity of restorations and periodontal health.
2. A higher incidence of bleeding on probing can be expected around teeth treated with CMR and in coincidence with deep margins placed at or closer than 2 mm from the bone crest; consequently, CMR should be considered as a clinically sensitive-technique, especially when performed on deep subgingival margins.
3. The marginal sealing ability of flowable and microhybrid resin composites is comparable for CMR; furthermore, luting overlays directly onto dentin without CMR appears to be a better method for limiting marginal leakage underneath CAD/CAM overlays.
4. CMR technique and the adhesive system employed for luting indirect restorations might represent a significant factor affecting microleakage at the interface below CEJ.
5. CMR seems to provide less adequate seal of the margin than the one achieved by cementing the restoration directly to dentin without CMR. The sealing ability of the marginal interface depends on the adhesive materials used for performing CMR. Differences in the quality of the marginal adaptation between two different materials used for CMR could not be detected by SEM observations. SEM examination of the marginal adaptation does not allow for the predictions of the functional sealing of the margins.
Future in vitro and in vivo studies should evaluate the effectiveness of CMR technique and the marginal seal of different bonding systems and luting cements in combination with CMR. Particularly, randomized controlled clinical trials should investigate the durability of CMR and the response of periodontal tissues.
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Wolf, David M. "Beyond Marginal Valuation: The Economic Impacts of Harmful Algal Blooms." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1529492086337544.
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Alsherfawi, Aljazaerli Moaz. "Hedonic valuation of marginal willingness to pay for air quality in metropolitan damascus." Graduate School of International Development. Nagoya University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/6139.
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Kilpatrick, Lindsay Anne. "Impacts of Biosolids and FGD Gypsum Application on Marginal Soil Quality and Production of Miscanthus as a Bioenergy Crop." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339744690.
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Dias, Danilo Rocha. "Avaliação da microestrutura óssea de sítios implantares e fatores relacionados às alterações no nível ósseo marginal e estabilidade de implantes dentários: estudo clínico prospectivo." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3796.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Bone characteristics influence surgical/prosthetic planning of implant treatment, but it is not clear their influence on longitudinal outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association between jawbone microstructure and changes on marginal bone level (MBL) and implant stability (IS) after loading, in a 1-year follow-up. Forty-one volunteers received 97 dental implants, installed in bone sites classified from 1 to 4, according to Leckholm & Zarb (1985). Cortical bone thickness was measured on computed tomography images. Histomorphometric and microtomographic analyses were performed in bone specimens obtained by using a trephine bur, at first drilling. Peak insertion torque (PIT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) measured by resonance frequency analysis (RFA) were registered at implant insertion. Periapical radiographs were standardized to measure the MBL, and were taken at three moments, when the ISQ was also measured: at uncovering stage, at loading and at 1-year follow-up. Agreement analysis between histomorphometry and microcomputed tomography (microCT) showed that these methods are complementary, but not interchangeably. Association tests revealed that ISQ changes were not affected by MBL changes. Bone type 4 (according L&Z) presented higher changes on ISQ, especially during osseointegration. Microstructure parameters (histomorphometric and microCT parameters) and cortical thickness did not influence ISQ changes and MBL changes. These results suggest that bone characteristics influence primary implant stability, but do not predict implant success after osseointegration.
Características do tecido ósseo influenciam o planejamento cirúrgico/protético dos implantes dentários, mas não está clara sua relação com o resultado longitudinal do tratamento com implantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre microestrutura óssea de sítios implantares da maxila e mandíbula, as alterações de nível ósseo marginal (MBL) e a estabilidade dos implantes (IS) até o período de 1 ano após a aplicação de carga oclusal. Quarenta e um pacientes receberam 97 implantes dentários, instalados em sítios ósseos classificados como tipos 1 a 4, de acordo com a classificação de Leckholm & Zarb (1985). A espessura de osso cortical foi mensurada em imagens de tomografia computadorizada. Análises microtomográficas e histomorfométricas foram realizadas em espécimes ósseos obtidos com trefina na primeira perfuração para instalação dos implantes. Torque de inserção final (PIT) e quociente de estabilidade do implante (ISQ) medido por análise de freqüência de ressonância (RFA) foram registrados durante a instalação dos implantes. Radiografias periapicais padronizadas para mensuração do MBL foram obtidas em tres momentos, quando novos registros do ISQ foram também realizados: durante a cirurgia de reabertura, na instalação das próteses e 1 ano após aplicação da carga oclusal. A análise de concordância entre os métodos de microtomografia computadorizada (microCT) e histomorfometria, mostrou que estes métodos são complementares, mas não intercambiáveis. Testes de associação mostraram que as alterações na IS não foram afetadas pelas alterações no MBL. Ossos classificados como tipo 4 apresentaram as maiores alterações da IS, principalmente durante a osseointegração. Os parâmetros microestruturais (parâmetros microtomográficos e histomorfométricos) e a espessura de cortical não influenciaram as alterações de IS e do MBL. Estes resultados sugerem que as características do sítio ósseo influenciam a estabilidade primária, mas não são preditores do sucesso dos implantes após a osseointegração.
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Lagana, Brandon T. "Power, load, and margin : relationships between professional development and margin in life among student affairs professionals at Ball State University." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1318449.
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Using McClusky"s (1963) Power Load Margin (PLM) theory, this study employed a correlational research design to investigate if relationships existed between involvement in career-related professional development outlets and activities, and Margin in Life (MIL) scores for full-time student affairs professionals at Ball State University. Correlation coefficients (Pearson r) were calculated to determine if relationships existed between MIL scores and the number of career-related professional development outlets and activities. Partial correlation coefficients were calculated to determine if relationships existed between subjects' ages and the relationship between MIL scores and the number of career-related professional development outlets and activities.Subjects (n = 107) were identified using the 2004-2005 Ball State University Directory and mailed a Professional Development Questionnaire (PDQ), created by the researcher, and Stevenson's (1982) Margin in Life Scale. Responses from 64 subjects were used in this study (31 females and 33 males). Subjects' ages ranged from 22 to 67 years (M = 41.5 years).PDQ results indicated that subjects averaged involvement in 10.6 outlets in the previous 12 months. Six indicated involvement in more than 20 outlets. Excluding these responses, the mean for outlets was 8.8. The mean for activities was 8.4.The mean MIL score for subjects was .60. All subjects in this study had a sufficient amount of power; thus, no subject had an excessive amount of load.Results of the correlational analyses suggest the possibility that a negative correlation may exist between MIL scores and the number of career-related professional development outlets. Although the correlation and partial correlation coefficients were weak, this may have been a function of the relatively small number of subjects who participated in this study. Additional research with a larger subject population is suggested to investigate this possible relationship. No relationship was found between MIL scores and career-related professional development activities. No differences in relationships between outlets and activities, and MIL scores were found when the age of subjects was factored either in or out as an influence. Further PLM research in student affairs is suggested, including qualitative methods investigating areas of professional development relating to power, load, and margin.Department of Educational Studies
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Mansurbeg, Howri. "Diagenesis and Reservoir-Quality Evolution of Deep-Water Turbidites: Links to Basin Setting, Depositional Facies, and Sequence Stratigraphy." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Berggrundsgeologi, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7634.
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A study of the distribution of diagenetic alterations and their impact on reservoir-quality evolution in four deep-water turbidite successions (Cretaceous to Eocene) from basins in active (foreland) and passive margins revealed the impact of tectonic setting, depositional facies, and changes in the relative sea level. Diagenetic modifications encountered in the turbiditic sandstones from the passive margin basins include dissolution and kaolinitization (kaolin has δ18OV-SMOW = +13.3‰ to +15.2‰; δDV-SMOW = -96.6‰ to -79.6‰) of framework silicates, formation of grain coating chloritic and illitic clays, cementation by carbonates and quartz, as well as the mechanical and chemical compaction of detrital quartz. Kaolinitization, which is most extensive in the lowstand systems tracts, is attributed to meteoric-water flux during major fall in the relative sea level. Preservation of porosity and permeability in sandstones from the passive margin basins (up to 30% and 1 Darcy, respectively) is attributed to the presence of abundant rigid quartz and feldspar grains and to dissolution of carbonate cement as well as mica and feldspars. Diagenetic modifications in turbidites from the foreland basins include carbonate cementation and mechanical compaction of the abundant ductile rock fragments, which were derived from fold-thrust belts. These diagenetic alterations resulted in nearly total elimination of depositional porosity and permeability. The wide range of δ13CV−PDB values of these cements (about -18‰ to +22‰) in passive margin basins is attributed to input of dissolved carbon from various processes of organic matter alterations, including microbial methanogenesis and thermal decarboxylation of kerogen. The narrower range of δ13CV−PDB values of these cements (about -2‰ to +7‰) in the foreland basins suggests the importance of carbon derivation from the dissolution of carbonate grains. The generally wide range of δ18O values (about -17‰ to -1‰) of the carbonate cements reflect the impact of oxygen isotopic composition of the various fluid involved (including marine depositional waters, fluxed meteoric waters, evolved formation waters) and the wide ranges of precipitation temperatures. Results of this study are anticipated to have important implication for hydrocarbon exploration in deep-water turbidites from passive and active margin basins and for pre-drilling assessment of the spatial and temporal distribution of reservoir quality in such deposits.
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Nwaneshiudu, Oke. "Assessing effects of highway bridge deck runoff on near-by recieving waters in coastal margins using remote monitoring techniques." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1462.
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Most of the pollution found in highway runoff is both directly and indirectly
contributed by vehicles such as cars and trucks. The constituents that contribute the
majority of the pollution, such as metals, chemical oxygen demand, oil and grease, are
generally deposited on the highways. These can become very harmful and detrimental to
human health when they come in contact with our water system. The connecting tie
between these harmful highway-made pollution and our water system, which includes
our ground waters and surface waters, is rainfall.
The main objective of this runoff study was to characterize and assess the
quantity and quality of the storm water runoff of a bridge deck that discharged into a
receiving water body. The bridge deck and the creek were located in the coastal margin
region in the southeast area of Texas on the border of Harris and Galveston counties.
Flow-activated water samplers and flow-measuring devices were installed to
quantitatively determine the rate of flow of the bridge deck and determine different
pollutant loading by sampling the receiving water body (Clear Creek). The collected
samples were analyzed for total suspended solids, toxic metals, and other relevant
constituents of concerns. The results illustrated that the runoff from the bridge deck
exhibited low total suspended solids concentrations (which were highest in the creek).
However, other metal constituents like the zinc and cooper concentration were high and
above standards. The phosphate concentrations in the creek were the highest and
exceeded EPA standards. Several nitrate concentrations were also noticeably above EPA
standards.
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Foglietta, Mauro. "Depositional and tectonic controls on reservoir quality on the Apulian Platform margin, southern Apennines, Italy." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428163.
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Johnson, Earl E., T. Ricketts, B. W. Y. Hornsby, and J. Federman. "Digital Feedback Suppression Systems in Commercial Hearing Aids: Assessments of Gain Margin and Sound Quality." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1750.
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Wehrhan, Theresia [Verfasser], and Roland [Akademischer Betreuer] Frankenberger. "Einfluss einer temporären Zementrestauration auf die marginale Qualität von Fast-Track-Adhäsiven / Theresia Wehrhan. Betreuer: Roland Frankenberger." Erlangen : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1028958846/34.
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Deighton, Jacob. "Methane and Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions from Marginally Producing “Stripper”Oil and Natural Gas Wells in Appalachian Ohio." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1554120171141725.
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Nuti, Russell C. "Improving Cotton Production Margins through Management Decisions and Use of New and Standard commercial Products to Improve Quality and Profits." NCSU, 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-09092004-101557/.
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Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a perennial plant managed as an annual crop to optimize yield and fiber quality while managing inputs to maximize profit. Transgenic improvements have simplified cotton production. Resistance to the non-selective herbicide glyphosate and in-plant production of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) endotoxin are two such advances. Cultural practices including use of mepiquat chloride (MC), and optimizing planting date contribute to crop uniformity and decrease risk involved with environmental stresses. Comparisons between conventional and transgenic weed and insect management systems, optimal and late planting dates, overhead sprinkle irrigation and drip irrigation, and use of MC were evaluated. Optimal-planted cotton had better yield than cotton planted late. Mepiquat chloride did not always provide an advantage, however never caused an undesirable response. At times, cotton plants treated with MC showed improved micronaire, compensation for boll loss, and earlier maturity. Broadcast glyphosate at the eight-leaf stage reduced yield of optimal-planted cotton in 1 of 3 years and 2 of 3 years in late-planted cotton. Glyphosate contact after the four-leaf stage in 2 of 3 years shifted the majority of bolls above node 10. Lint yield results were variable between overhead sprinkle and drip irrigation systems. Mepiquat chloride did not affect yield in irrigated cotton, however did control plant height, and improve fruit retention and cotton maturity. Non-labeled glyphosate applications reduced maturity in each irrigation system in 1 of 3 years. Cotton injury caused by conventional herbicides resulted in yield loss and poor returns compared to glyphosate systems. Early-season weed competition from low input herbicide programs caused cotton biomass reduction. High costs of conventional herbicide programs offset the available profit margin compared to glyphosate systems when yields were similar. Glyphosate systems provided excellent control of all weed species, while conventional herbicides gave acceptable control in most cases. Glyphosate resistant cotton cultivars with had better yield and returned more profit than the same cultivars treated with conventional herbicides.
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Hunter, William Ross. "Carbon and nitrogen cycling across the bathyal continental margins : oxygen availability and organic matter quality as controls upon sediment community activity." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=206993.
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The bathyal continental margins (200 – 3000 m) account for 7 % of global sea floor area, but are responsible for recycling 30 % of sedimentary organic matter (OM) within the oceans. Climate-change driven expansion of oxygen minimum zones and increasing frequency of extreme weather events (storms) may have implications for OM processing at the continental margins, resulting in decreased oxygen availability and increases in terrigenous OM inputs. The present thesis tests how changes in oxygen availability influence sea floor community structure and OM processing across the OMZ-impacted Indian continental margin. Megafaunal and macrofaunal assemblages exhibit a distinct zonation, with faunal distributions controlled by changes in oxygen availability and sediment OM content. In situ stable-isotope pulse-chase experiments reveal that, following phytodetritus deposition, macrofaunal feeding responses were influenced by oxygen availability through changes in macrofaunal assemblage structure. Macrofaunal feeding was governed at the organismal level, with fauna maximising organic nitrogen assimilation against an internal carbon-nitrogen budget. Bacterial feeding responses were not directly influenced by changes in oxygen availability and instead were regulated by the macrofaunal assemblage. This thesis proposes that the macrofauna may control the availability of labile organic matter in OMZ-sediments, limiting bacterial activity. The thesis also investigates the differential fates of marine and terrigenous phytodetritus in the sediments of the Whittard canyon (NE Atlantic). In situ pulse-chase experiments reveal nitrogen demand to control macrofaunal feeding responses, inhibiting the utilisation of the nitrogen-poor terrigenous phytodetritus. Bacteria exhibit similar feeding responses to the fauna, whilst bacterial biomass was negatively correlated to increasing faunal activity. This demonstrates that increased inputs of terrigenous organic matter may alter ecosystem-scale carbon cycling pathways and trophic interactions within continental margin sediments.
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Francischone, Ana Carolina. "Avaliação da qualidade de margem de preparos cavitários realizados com diferentes técnicas e instrumentos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25131/tde-05112009-090243/.
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Há mais de 50 anos, a Odontologia usa a mesma tecnologia para a preparação de cavidades, que é a alta velocidade com ponta diamantada e brocas carbides. Novos estudos e novas técnicas têm sido proporcionada para que haja uma opção a mais para esse procedimento no tratamento para os pacientes. Surgiram, então, novas tecnologias no mercado odontológico para eliminação mecânica da cárie e preparação de cavidades, como alta pressão de ar associado a jato de areia, aparelho de Laser, contra- ângulo multiplicador e ultrassom associado a pontas diamantadas. Mas por serem tecnologias novas, há ainda necessidade de pesquisas para a constatação de que realmente poderão vir a ser técnicas alternativas ou até substituir a tecnologia clássica que vem sendo utilizada com bons resultados. Assim, o propósito desta pesquisa foi avaliar, através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), as margens cavitárias com e sem acabamento, realizadas com pontas diamantadas e CVDentus, associadas a diferentes tipos de dispositivos e mecanismo de ação. Os resultados encontrados mostraram não haver diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p<0.05) entre as condições testadas, nas comparações individuais, com exceção dos grupos G4 x G7 (Alta velocidade+ Ponta Diamantada Preparo + Baixa Rotação + Ponta Diamantada para acabamento x Ultrassom + CVDentus Preparo 50% + Contra-ângulo). Concluiu-se que todas as formas de acabamento das margens cavitárias, testadas nesta pesquisa, são confiáveis e podem ser utilizadas. O uso do aparelho de ultrassom deve ser recomendado nas potências variando entre 50% a 75% para preparos cavitários.For more than 40 years, dentistry has used the same technology for cavity preparation, high-speed rotation systems with diamond burs. New studies and techniques have been performed to develop a new treatment option for patients. Thus, new technologies have been possible such as high pressure sandblasting systems, laser devices, multiplying low-speed rotation, and finally, the ultra-sound with diamond burs. However, whether these new technologies can be an alternative or substitute for old practices with standard results is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate by SEM cavity preparation margins with and without finishing, made by diamond burs and the CVDentus system associated to different devices and action forms. The results showed no statistically significant differences (p<.05) among the tested conditions on individual comparisons, except for GIV x GVII (highspeed rotation plus diamond bur + low-speed rotation plus diamond finishing bur x ultra-sound plus CVDentus 50% power plus low-speed rotation). It was concluded that all finishing modes on margin cavities are reliable and can be used in clinical practice. The use of the ultra-sound device can be recommended within 50-75% power for cavity preparations.
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Cruz, Luís Miguel Costa da. "Contributo para a reabilitação da Ribeira da Caridade: diagnóstico e avaliação da qualidade da água." Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10938.
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Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaThe Ribeira da Caridade, one of the main streams of the Reguengos de Mon-saraz municipality, it crosses though Herdade do Esporão and supplies its dam. Which is used to irrigate their vineyards and olive production. Over the years there have been witnessed some events of water contamination, with a loss of grate amount of water fauna. With this background, on a jointed decision of the municipali-ty, Herdade do Esporão and other owners of land adjacent to the stream, opted to start a study to recover the Ribeira da Caridade. This work is part of that study. This study tries to detect contaminated points, and the origin of that contami-nations. To achieve that goal, it begun by studying factors as diverse as socio-economic and geological features of the river basin at Herdade do Esporão and at the area of Reguengos de Monsaraz,. In the second phase water samples were collected in three different dates in order to have characterization over the time. In the last phase the parameters that represented a major concern were selected. To finish, with the purpose of invert this ecosystem damages, there were pro-posed some measures to be taken along with a prioritization of areas to intervene
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Grubbs, Thomas David. "Efficacy of direct restorative materials in proximal box elevation on the margin quality and fracture resistance of molars restored with CAD/CAM onlays." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6120.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of four direct restorative materials that can be used in the proximal box elevation (PBE) technique. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five molar teeth were randomly assigned to one of five groups (n=15): Type II glass-ionomer (GI), Type II resin-modified glass-ionomer (RMGI), resin-based composite (RBC), bulk fill (BF) resin-based composite, and a control with no box elevation procedure. Specimens were prepared for a standard CAD-CAM ceramic onlay preparation with mesial cervical margins located 1 mm above CEJ (cemento-enamel junction) and distal cervical margins located 2 mm below the CEJ. PBE was used to elevate the distal margins to 1 mm above the CEJ in all groups except the control group. For the control group the onlay margin was placed directly on the prepared distal tooth without PBE. A Lava UltimateTM, CAD/CAM Resin, nano-Ceramic onlay Restorative (LAVU) was milled and bonded on all specimens with RelyX UltimateTMAdhesive Resin Cement. The margin quality of the tooth-PBE material and PBE material-onlay interface was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using epoxy replicas before and after mechanical loading (100,000 cycles, 1.2 Hz at 65N). In addition to margin quality, the fracture resistance of each group was measured using a universal testing machine. Fracture pattern was recorded by visual examination. One-way ANOVA was performed followed by Least Square Means. Results: For dentin margins, a statistically significant difference was detected between RMGI and control group at baseline (p=0.0442). All other groups GI, RBC, and BF showed no difference to control at baseline (p>0.05). No statistical significance was observed among groups for post-mechanical fatigue (p=0.8735). For onlay margins, no statistical significance was observed among groups for pre-mechanical fatigue, post-mechanical fatigue, or change (p=0.9713, p=0.528, p= 0.4385 respectively). No significant difference was observed for the fracture resistance among groups or for the type of break by material used (p=0.1593, p=0.77 respectively). Conclusion: Within the parameters of this study, following mechanical fatigue, the materials used for PBE: resin-modified glass-ionomer and glass-ionomer, resin-based composite and bulk-fill composite, did not influence results in terms of margin quality and fracture resistance. Therefore, collective findings suggest that these materials might be suitable for proximal box elevation procedures. Nevertheless, clinical caution is recommended with any PBE procedure and further testing of GI materials is needed.
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Valdemarca, Gioia. "Ai margini del centro. Osservazioni sull'idea di indeterminatezza ne La coscienza di Zeno di Italo Svevo e l'uomo senza qualità di Robert Musil." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3526.
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2008/2009Tutto inizia nel caos, e tutto termina nel caos: Robert Musil e Italo Svevo lo dimostrano nei loro romanzi principali, "L'uomo senza qualità" e "La coscienza di Zeno". Entrambi gli autori sono specchi di di un'epoca, l'inizio del Novecento, in cui il senso di sicurezza ha ceduto il posto all'indeterminatezza e all'incertezza (come ad esempio nella fisica, nella biologia e nella psicologia) a causa della caduta dell'impostazione deterministica nella scienza. A partire da questa crisi epocale, che ha cambiato radicalmente ogni visione del mondo, Svevo e Musil hanno dato vita a due personaggi alla ricerca di un proprio centro, simbolo della perduta determinazione: questo centro però si dimostrerà vuoto - senza causa, senza scopo, senza senso.
Alles beginnt mit dem Chaos, und alles endet im Chaos: Robert Musil und Italo Svevo zeigen es in ihren bekanntesten Romanen, „Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften“ und „Zenos Gewissen“. Beide Autoren können als Beispiele einer Epoche dienen, in der das Sicherheitsgefühl der Moderne seinen Platz der Unbestimmtheit und Unsicherheit (u.a. in der Physik, Biologie, Psychologie) abtrat, wegen des Überschreitens des deterministischen Ansatzes zugunsten einer freieren, aber auch unheimlicheren Weltanschauung. Ausgehend von dieser tiefen Epochenkrise, haben die zwei Schriftsteller in ihren Romanen Figuren gezeichnet, die sich auf der Suche nach einem geheimnisvollen Mittelpunkt begeben, der die verlorene Bestimmung darstellen sollte: dieser Mittelpunkt erweist sich aber als leer – ohne Ursache, ohne Ziel, und sinnlos.
XXII Ciclo
1981
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Albayrak, Sabrina. "Respect du droit aux choix et aux risques des personnes âgées en institution : impacts sur la perception de la qualité de vie des résidents." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV017.
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L’objectif général de la thèse était d’une part d’étudier le rôle de l’impact des politiques menées en matière de respect du droit aux choix et aux risques dans les EHPAD/EHPA sur l’émergence des libertés des résidents et d’autre part sur le choix de leur mode de vie.La première partie de la thèse visait à étudier l’état du vieillissement, le statut des personnes âgées en France et l’influence de nos représentations sociales sur leurs comportements. L’hypothèse d’une association entre les préjugés que porte la société sur les personnes âgées et la réduction de leur autonomie a été induite.La deuxième partie de la thèse visait à mieux comprendre les possibilités d’expression des résidents en EHPAD/EHPA et quels étaient les facteurs qui permettaient leur émergence dans des lieux normalisés. Nous avons fait l’hypothèse que, quel que soit le niveau de dépendance d’une personne (physique et/ou psychique), celle-ci possédera toujours des marges de liberté dont l’expression est déterminée par des facteurs externes et internes à elle.La troisième partie de la thèse s’est intéressée aux politiques de respect du droit aux choix et aux risques des personnes âgées et aux enjeux éthiques, médicaux et sociaux que cette notion soulève. L’hypothèse d’une association entre l’application de ces politiques et un contexte organisationnel a été soulevée.Enfin, dans la dernière partie de la thèse, nous avons étudié l’impact des politiques de respect du droit aux choix et aux risques des résidents sur la perception de leur qualité de vie. Pour cela, nous avons coproduit une grille d’indicateurs nous permettant de distinguer les institutions respectueuses des droits et des risques des personnes âgées avec des résidents. Les résultats que nous avons obtenus montrent l’importance de prendre en compte le respect et la dignité des personnes âgées tant au niveau individuel que contextuel dans l’étude des facteurs protecteurs de la qualité de vieThe aim of this thesis was first to study how the liberty of the residents in nursing homes for elderly has been impacted by the policies led regarding the respect of the right to choose and to take risks. Secondly, we studied the impact they had on the way of living chosen by the elderly.The first part of the thesis aims at studying the state of the aging process and the status of the elderly in France and the influence of our own social representations, on their behavior. The hypothesis of a link between our Society’s prejudices on the elderly and the decrease in their autonomy is implicit.The second part of the thesis aims at better understanding the nursing homes residents’ expression possibilities. We also focused on the factors which would allow their emergence in standard places at all levels of social life.Our main hypothesis is that the dependency level of a person (physical and/or psychological) is no impediment to his or her capacity to bear in mind their liberty margin, which expression is determined by external and internal personal factors.The third part of the thesis tackles the policies put in place to respect the elderly rights to choose and take risks within their caring homes, as well as the ethical, medical and social stakes raised by this notion.The hypothesis of the link between the setting up of these policies and a certain organizational context has been emphasized.Finally, in the last part, we studied the impact the policies applied on the respect to choose and take risks had on the residents’ perception of their quality of life.An indicator grid has been co-produced to distinguish the institutions respect of their residents’ rights and risks.The results we obtained highlights the significance of taking into account the respect and the dignity of the elderly in the study of the protective factors of the quality of life, both at the individual and contextual level
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Fawaz, Yarine. "Quatre essais sur la décision de départ à la retraite." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0097.
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Cette thèse porte sur la décision de départ à la retraite. Les quatre chapitres qui la constituent étudient la transition de l'emploi vers la retraite. Un premier essai étudie les déterminants de cette transition aux États-Unis, où «retraite» signifie sécurité sociale plus que cessation d'activité. Tout travailleur peut « liquider» ses droits de sécurité sociale à tout âge entre 62 et 70 ans, selon un barème presque actuarielIement neutre. En d'autres termes, plus l’individu repousse cette décision, plus sa pension mensuelle sera élevée, mais pour une période plus courte. Dans la mesure où la liquidation des droits de sécurité sociale avant l'âge normal d'éligibilité est devenue la norme plutôt que l'exception, il est légitime de réfléchir aux incitations qui poussent les seniors américains à prendre cette décision. A l'approche de l'âge de la retraite, nombreux sont ceux qui en manque de liquidité, recourent à la sécurité sociale comme filet de sécurité leur permettant de financer leur niveau de vie pendant qu'ils traversent une période de creux financier. Pour les chômeurs notamment, la sécurité sociale peut jouer le rôle d'assurance chômage, leur permettant de financer leur consommation pendant qu'ils recherchent un nouvel emploi, les maintenant ainsi plus longtemps sur le marché du travail. Le reste de la thèse porte sur la relation entre bien-être subjectif et retraite. Cette relation importe d'un point de vue normatif afin de comprendre la distribution du bien-être entre individus, mais surtout d’un point de vue positif parce-que le bien-être subjecitif a des conséquences sur le travail, et par conséquent sur le départ à la retraiteThis dissertation deals with the retirement decision. AlI four chapters examine the transition from employment to retirement. The first essay investigates the determinants of this transition m the United States, where retirement and social security claiming are two distinct concepts. A worker can claim his social security benefits at any age between 62 and 70. His benefits are then adjusted to produce permanently lower or higher benefits so that the 'system is roughly actuarially neutral. In other words, the more the individual delays, the higher his monthly benefits will be, but he will enjoy them for a shorter period. Although it was designed as an exception, early claiming has become the rule. Therefore, it seems crucial to understand the incentives that induce older workers to make that decision. Many of them lack liquidity when they reach the early age of eligibility, and use social security retirement benefits as a kind of safety net allowing them to maintain their lifestyle while they go through financial hardship. For the unemployed in particular, social security may be seen as a social insurance helping them to finance consumption while they look for a job, hence delaying their exit from the labor force. The remainder of the thesis focuses on the Iink between subjective well-being and retirement. This relationship matters first from a normative point of view, because we care about the distribution of welfare across individuals. More importantly, from a positive point of view, subjective well-being has a strong predictive power and determines significantly labor supply, and consequently the retirement transition
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Dessandier, Pierre-Antoine. "Distribution des faunes vivantes, mortes et fossiles de foraminifères benthiques sur la marge portugaise : impact des apports fluviatiles et de la qualité de la matière organique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0351/document.
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La marge ibérique est un milieu biologiquement productif régit par l'influence d'un upwelling saisonnier et des apports continentaux. Les foraminifères benthiques sont des protistes matins qui présentent une grande sensibilité aux conditions environnementales. Ils apparaissent ainsi comme des bio-indicateurs particulièrement efficaces dans ce type de contexte. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, les faunes de foraminifères benthiques, vivants, morts et fossiles prélevées sur un total de 23 carottes interfaces et deux carottes et deux carottes piston, essentiellement situées au débouché de quatre feluves ouest-ibériques majeurs (Douro, Mondego, Tage et Sado) ont été étudiés.Cette analyse faunistique, conjointe à des mesures sédimentaires et géochimiques a permis d'identifier l'impact de la qualité de la matière organique, et donc des apports fluviatiles sur la distribution des faunes vivantes en période hivernale. La comparaison des faunes mortes et vivantes sur les premiers centimètres de sédiments illustre la variation saisonnière de la réponse faunistique à l'upwelling et aux apports continentaux. Elle met également en évidence l'impact des processus taphonomiques sur la conservation de ces bio-indicateurs en vue de permettre une meilleure compréhension du signal fossile de ces faunes. L'application paléoenvironnementale de ces bio-indicateurs a été menée sur une carotte longue prélevée au large du Tage qui permet une reconstruction des derniers 5700 ans cal. BP. Elle a permis de mettre en évidence des périodes caractérisées par des apports importants de matière organique issus du fleuve ainsi que des variations de l'intensité de l'upwellingThe Iberian Margin is a highly productive system driven by coastal upwelling and river inputs. Benthic foraminifera are marine protists particularly sensitive to environmental conditions. Hence they appear well suited bio-indicators for such environment. In the framework of this thesis, living, dead and fossil benthic foraminifera were analized on 23 surface sediment cores and two piston cores essentially from locations off the major rivers of the Portuguese Coast (Douro, Mondego, Tagus and Sado). This faunal analysis, combined with sedimentary and geochemical measurements allow thhe identification of the impact of fluvial exports and organic matter quality during the late winter period. The comparison of dead and living communities, on the first few centimeters of the sediment, shows the seasonal variation of faunas controlled by upwelling activity and riverine discharges intensity. The impact of taphonomical processes on the preservation of these bio-indicators is also investigated in the perspective of a better understanding ofthe fossil signal of these faunas. The paleoenvironmental application of these bio-indicators was then conducted on a 10 m long core from the Tagus shelf that allows paleoreconstruction for the last 5,700 cal. yr BP. The fossil benthic foraminifera record shows that some periods were characterized by intense river runoff and others by variable intensity of the seasonal upwelling
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Hnidáková, Kristýna. "Hodnocení obchodní výkonnosti podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223759.
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This master´s thesis deals with measurement of business performance of the company. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused mostly on the importance of the customer value and on the comparison of individual approaches to its management. In the analytical part these approaches are applied to the company in order to identify qualities and failures of its business performance. The results are then the base for suggestions to improve the current situation.
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Кунченко, Тетяна Юріївна. "Параметрична оптимізація умовно стійких електромеханічних систем методом діаграм якості керування." Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2016. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/21345.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.09.03 – електротехнічні комплекси та системи. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2016.
Дисертація присвячена визначенню і дослідженню задач оптимізації параметрів астатичних регуляторів багатократноінтегруючих систем з використанням мінімаксних критеріїв оптимізації. Виконано аналіз способів параметричної оптимізації та підвищення ефективності керування умовно стійкими багатократноінтегруючими електромеханічними системами (ЕМС) методом діаграм якості керування. Теоретично обґрунтовано існування оптимального рішення для керування такими ЕМС на основі комплексного критерія якості керування – максимуму добротності та запасу стійкості (МДС). Розроблені комп'ютерні методики побудови та аналізу діаграм якості керування (ДЯК) систем у часовій і частотних областях, на яких виділені області підвищеної добротності та запасу стійкості (ПДС). Обґрунтована інженерна методика застосування діаграм якості керування до задачі оптимізованого синтезу по критерію МДС систем з астатизмом другого і третього порядків. Виконано параметричну оптимізацію за критерієм МДС різноманітних умовно стійких ЕМС з послідовною та паралельної корекцією з урахуванням особливостей структури об'єкта керування, включаючи до її складу немінімально-фазові ланки. Розглянуті конкретні приклади підвищення ефективності керування ЕМС методом ДЯК з оптимізацією їх параметрів за мінімаксним критерієм МДС. Доказано можливість збільшення добротності систем у межах 20% і при заданій добротності збільшення запасу стійкості на 10%.The dissertation for the degree of technical sciences candidate by specialty 05.09.09 – electrical complexes and systems. – NTU "KhPI". – Kharkiv, 2016. The dissertation is devoted to researching and solving parameter optimization problems for multiple-integration system astatic regulators with minimax criterion application. Parametric optimization and control efficiency enhancement methods are analyzed as applied to conditionally stable multiple-integration electromechanical systems through control quality diagram technique. Existence of the optimal solution for conditionally stable electromechanical system control on the basis of a complex control efficiency criterion – Q-factor maximum and stability margin - is theoretically substantiated. Computer-aided techniques are worked out to develop and analyze conditionally stable system control quality diagrams in time and frequency domains in which zones of enhanced Q-factor and stability margin are marked. An engineering technique is validated for control quality diagram application to optimization synthesis of systems with astatism of the 2nd and 3rd order using the control quality diagram technique criterion. Control quality diagram technique criterion based parametric optimization of different conditionally stable electromechanical systems with series and parallel compensation is performed taking into account the control object structure features, including nonminimum phase links as its components. Specific examples of electromechanical system control enhancement via the control quality diagram technique application are considered with the system parameter optimization on the control quality diagram technique minimax criterion. Feasibility of 20% system Q-factor enhancement and 10% increase in the stability margin for a given Q is proved.
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Кунченко, Татьяна Юрьевна. "Параметрическая оптимизация условно устойчивых электромеханических систем методом диаграмм качества управления." Thesis, НТУ "ХПИ", 2016. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/21350.
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Диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата технических наук по специальности 05.09.03 – Электротехнические комплексы и системы. – Национальный технический университет "Харьковский политехнический институт", Харьков, 2016 г.
Диссертация посвящена исследованию и решению задач оптимизации параметров астатических регуляторов многократноинтегрирующих систем с использованием минимаксных критериев оптимизации. Выполнен анализ способов параметрической оптимизации и повышения эффективности управления условно устойчивыми многократно интегрирующими электромеханическими системами методом диаграмм качества управления. Теоретически обосновано существование оптимального решения для управления условно устойчивыми электромеханическими системами (ЭМС) на основании комплексного критерия качества управления – максимума добротности и запаса устойчивости (МДУ). Разработаны компьютерные методики построения и анализа ДКУ условно устойчивых систем во временной и частотной областях, на которых выделены области повышенной добротности и запаса устойчивости (ПДУ). Обоснована инженерная методика применения диаграмм качества управления к решению задач оптимизационного синтеза по критерию МДУ систем с астатизмом второго и третьего порядков. Выполнена параметрическая оптимизация по критерию МДУ различных условно устойчивых ЭМС с последовательной и параллельной коррекцией с учетом особенностей структуры объекта управления, включая в ее состав неминимально-фазовые звенья. Использование результатов работы при минимальных затратах позволяет переналадить работающие МИС ЭП, что будет способствовать повышению точности их работы, росту качества выпускаемой продукции. При разработке новых систем целесообразно расчет астатических регуляторов осуществлять на основании разработанной инженерной методики, основанной на ДКУ и линии МДУ.The dissertation for the degree of technical sciences candidate by specialty 05.09.09 – electrical complexes and systems. – NTU "KhPI". – Kharkiv, 2016. The dissertation is devoted to researching and solving parameter optimization problems for multiple-integration system astatic regulators with minimax criterion application. Parametric optimization and control efficiency enhancement methods are analyzed as applied to conditionally stable multiple-integration electromechanical systems through control quality diagram technique. Existence of the optimal solution for conditionally stable electromechanical system control on the basis of a complex control efficiency criterion – Q-factor maximum and stability margin - is theoretically substantiated. Computer-aided techniques are worked out to develop and analyze conditionally stable system control quality diagrams in time and frequency domains in which zones of enhanced Q-factor and stability margin are marked. An engineering technique is validated for control quality diagram application to optimization synthesis of systems with astatism of the 2nd and 3rd order using the control quality diagram technique criterion. Control quality diagram technique criterion based parametric optimization of different conditionally stable electromechanical systems with series and parallel compensation is performed taking into account the control object structure features, including nonminimum phase links as its components. Specific examples of electromechanical system control enhancement via the control quality diagram technique application are considered with the system parameter optimization on the control quality diagram technique minimax criterion. Feasibility of 20% system Q-factor enhancement and 10% increase in the stability margin for a given Q is proved.
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Chen, Hsuan, and 陳鉉. "Effect of Preparation Quality on the Marginal Fitness of the CAD/CAM All-Ceramic Crown." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97768560785497800151.
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碩士國立陽明大學
牙醫學系
104
Marginal fit of the crown is a key assessment of the fixed partial denture quality. Numerous studies have been performed to evaluate the marginal fit of CAD/CAM all-ceramic crowns fabricated under ideal conditions, but very few studies have investigated the impact of real clinical factors, such as the quality of the abutment preparation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of preparation quality on the marginal fit of CAD/CAM crowns. Fifteen dental clinicians made three preparations of the upper left first molar on the typodont, and the quality of the preparation was objectively determined using a preparation analyzer software. Feldspathic crowns were fabricated using the standard digital workflow on the CEREC System. The marginal fit of the crown was measured using the Triple-Scan Protocol, and digitally analyzed and measured in 3D with computer software. Out of 45 prepared abutments, 19 were rated “poor” (P-Group) and 26 were rated “good” (G-Group). The marginal gap means in the P- and G-groups were 82.13 (±9.41) um and 62.12 (±10.11) um, respectively. Statistical analysis with two-tailed t-test showed p-value < 0.01, indicating significant difference between the two groups. Within the limitations of this study, the quality of the margin preparation is correlated to the marginal fit of the CAD/CAM all-ceramic crown.
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Su, Min-Sian, and 蘇民弦. "High food quality and low predation pressure enhance the trophic transfer efficiency of plankton in the marginal seas of northern West Pacific." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qn7gqa.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
海洋研究所
102
Trophic transfer efficiency in plankton (TTE) describes the production rate ratio between zooplankton and phytoplankton (TTE=ZP&;#8260;PP, where ZP is zooplankton production rate and PP is phytoplankton production rate). TTE strongly shapes the trophic structure in marine ecosystems. However, it remains unclear what factors affect TTE in natural systems. In this study, we conducted onboard incubation with the artificial cohort method to measure zooplankton production rate (ZP) and the C14 assimilation method to measure phytoplankton production rate (PP) simultaneously. We then estimated in situ TTE = ZP/PP and investigated the factors including seston C:N ratio, fish larvae density, temperature, nutrients, and light affecting the variation of TTE in the marginal seas of northern West Pacific from 2009 to 2013. Specifically, we tested the following hypotheses: (i) Decreasing seston C:N ratio (proxy for food quality) enhances the TTE by stimulating zooplankton growth; (ii) Increasing fish larvae density reduces the TTE because of increasing predation pressure; (iii) Increasing temperature enhances the TTE by stimulating zooplankton feeding activities. Additionally, we tested the factors indirectly affecting the TTE by affecting food nutritional quality. (iv) Increasing nutrients enhance the TTE by decreasing seston C:N ratio; (v) Increasing light intensity lessens the TTE by enhancing seston C:N ratio when nutrients are limited. The results of GLM model including both seston C:N ratio and fish larvae density gave best correlation with the TTE. Our results demonstrated that, the increases in food nutritional quality for zooplankton, together with the decreases in the predation pressure, may enhance the TTE in the marginal seas of northern West Pacific.
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Amon-Armah, Frederick. "ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR WATER QUALITY PROTECTION." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15581.
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The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of alternative cropping systems on farm net returns, and nitrate-N and sediment yields in Thomas Brook Watershed (TBW). The study involved integrated bio-physical and economic optimization modelling. Crop yield and nitrate-N pollution response functions were estimated and then used in trade-off analysis between farm returns and environmental quality improvement. Five crop rotation systems were evaluated for seven fertilizer levels under conventional tillage (CT) and no-till systems (NT). Nitrate-N leached, as well as estimated maximum economic rate of N (MERN) fertilizer level and marginal abatement costs depended on crop type, rotation system, and tillage type. The most cost effective cropping systems that met restrictions on Health Canada maximum limit on nitrate-N in water included corn-corn-corn-alfalfa-alfalfa under NT for corn-based cropping systems, potato-winter wheat-carrot-corn under CT for vegetable horticulture-based and potato-barley-winter wheat-potato-corn under NT for potato-based cropping systems.
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Chen, Cheng-Chuan, and 陳正權. "MARGIN TRANSACTIONS CONTROL MECHANISM IMPACT THE QUALITY OF MARKET." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51787307609160723761.
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碩士元智大學
經營管理碩士在職專班
99
In this study, the stock has price volatility of margin transactions over violent, excessive abnormal trading volume, excessive concentration of equity ownership and related matters, the margin purchase leverage limit and short sale margin requirement are adjusted, this margin transactions control mechanism impact the quality of market. Empirical results, the target stock in the lifting of restrictions, the volatility is indeed significantly reduced, and increased liquidity, but not significantly, after the lifting of the restrictions found in the other, due to market liquidity and trading volume increase will lead to changes in stock returns magnitude larger, but not significantly. Another test of the target stock, the lifting of restrictions around the volatility and liquidity of the association, showed before and after the lifting of restrictions, the volatility and liquidity of the target stock are positively correlated. Furthermore, inspection of the target stock, the correlation of liquidity and stock return, before the lifting of restrictions, the stock returns and liquidity are the negative relationship, after the lifting of restrictions, stock returns and liquidity are the positive relationship.
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Hillmann, Claus [Verfasser]. "Einfluss einer Zementunterfüllung auf die marginale Qualität von Kompositfüllungen / vorgelegt von Claus Hillmann." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1010108662/34.
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Wu, Chia-Chen, and 吳佳蓁. "The impact of SPAN margins system on the market quality : Evidence from Taiwan''s futures market." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09804594008540027344.
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碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
金融所
98
This paper examines the impact of SPAN margins system on the Taiwan’s futures market quality. In this study, we use Chou and Wang (2006) proposed three-equation structural model and Ljung and Box (1978) proposed Q statistic to examine the impact of SPAN margins system on the market quality. Findings show that a more precise margins system has a positive impact on liquidity and price efficiency, while it increases price volatility.
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Tjallingii, Rik [Verfasser]. "Application and quality of X-ray fluorescence core scanning in reconstructing late Pleistocene NW African continental margin sedimentation patterns and paleoclimate variations / vorgelegt von Rik Tjallingii." 2006. http://d-nb.info/98436594X/34.
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Silva, Marta. "Essays on the portuguese labour market: the effects of flexibility at the margin." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/12094.
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JEL Classification: J31, J41, J68, C21, C24, C33This thesis aims to study the effects of the promotion of flexibility at the margin in the Portuguese labour market through the facilitation of the use of fixed-term contracts. We present three empirical essays that assess the effects of the 2004 change in legislation that extended the maximum legal duration of fixed-term contracts from three to six years. Given the high labour market segmentation and representativeness of fixed-term contracts in the Portuguese labour market, we consider that these studies may contribute to the design of future public policies. The empirical analysis is conducted using the linked employer-employee database Quadros de Pessoal for the period between 2002 and 2011. The results of the three essays suggest that fixed-term contracts may play different roles in the labour market, namely as screening devices and quantitative adjustment tools, and that this fact should be taken into account when the effects of asymmetric employment protection reforms are analysed. After controlling for several micro and macro variables, we find evidence that the extension of the fixed-term contract for a longer period had negative effects on the probability of conversion of the contract and contributed to increase the wage inequality between workers on permanent or converted fixed-term contracts and those that did not obtain a more stable employment relationship. Besides, we find evidence that this change in legislation did not contribute to increase employment growth and decrease the rate of creation of fixedterm jobs, especially due to the effects of the proportion of non-converted fixed-term contracts. This research suggests that labour market segmentation should be tackled and policy makers should promote measures aiming to stimulate the conversion of fixedterm into open-ended contracts.
Esta tese pretende estudar os efeitos da promoção da flexibilidade à margem, através da facilitação do uso dos contratos a termo, no mercado de trabalho português. Para tal, apresentam-se três ensaios onde se analisam empiricamente os efeitos de uma alteração de legislação que ocorreu em 2004 e que aumentou a duração legal máxima dos contratos a termo certo de três para seis anos. Dada a elevada segmentação do mercado de trabalho e a representatividade dos contratos a termo, considera-se que estes estudos podem contribuir para a definição de políticas públicas no futuro. A análise empírica é realizada utilizando a base de dados Quadros de Pessoal para o período compreendido entre 2002 e 2011. Os resultados dos três ensaios sugerem que os contratos a termo podem desemprenhar papéis diferentes no mercado de trabalho, como processos de seleção e de ajustamentos quantitativos, e que isso deve ser tido em consideração quando se analisam os efeitos de reformas assimétricas da protecção ao emprego. Após controlar por diversas variáveis micro e macro, encontra-se evidência de que a possibilidade de utilizar o contrato a termo por um maior período de tempo teve efeitos negativos na probabilidade de conversão do contrato e contribuiu para aumentar a desigualdade salarial entre trabalhadores com contratos sem termo ou contratos convertidos em sem termo e trabalhadores que não obtiveram uma relação de emprego mais estável. Para além disso, mostra-se que esta alteração de legislação não se traduziu num aumento do crescimento do emprego e que teve inclusivamente um efeito negativo na criação de emprego com contratos a termo, devido principalmente ao efeito da não conversão dos contratos. Esta tese sugere que se deve combater a segmentação do mercado de trabalho português e promover medidas para estimular a conversão dos contratos a termo em contratos sem termo.
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Gooley, Nathan John. "Evergreen, bank funding & liquidity management." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1310643.
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Research Doctorate - Doctorate of Business Administration (DBA)Government mandated institutions in Australia and Canada have continuously progressed banking regulation throughout time by making gradual alterations to prudential frameworks and supervisory practices. This has included the prompt domestic adaptation of the three Basel accords. A main objective is to ensure banking organisations become more resilient to stresses that impact their capital and liquidity adequacy. Banking organisations are faced with the task of transforming their balance sheets and funding profiles to not only strengthen their balance sheets but to curb heighted liquidity costs that have been brought on by regulatory reform. A review of existing literature on the components of bank funding, liquidity and procyclicality recognises their significance in ensuring individual bank stability and the prevarication of broader systemic implications in the wider economy. This dissertation has examined the historical evolution of the regulatory environments in both Australia and Canada and compared the components of bank balance sheets that offer insights into their funding preference and liquidity holdings, and provide early indicators for procyclicality within the banking sector. It has also had the goal of developing existing research and knowledge of liquidity stresses within bank balance sheets. This research has endeavoured to further balance sheet innovation, through action research that has been carried out over a five year period, to provide banking organisations with options to alter their balance sheets in order to meet the Basel III package of reforms and better deal with liquidity pressures, such as those that were evident in many countries throughout the most recent financial crisis. A new methodology for balance sheet transformation under Basel III, “evergreen” is articulated, with a suite of evergreen asset and liability products and balance sheet exposures being assessed for impact and acceptance within the banking industry. Verification of the evergreen method is demonstrated by the banking industry including it within their strategy for future balance sheet innovation; banks designing and constructing evergreen capability; the regulator encompassing it within prudential standards; and widespread acceptance of evergreen by investors and other financial market participants. Whilst components of evergreen are increasingly becoming a greater part of the banking industry within Australia, it is recognised that the concepts and models of evergreen, are at a primary juncture in their development and require substantial additional focus and research. The usefulness of this dissertation will be established through the particulars of future research settings and must be appraised to the degree that it appears correct, original and apt. Regarding deposits, this dissertation finds that: the existence of voluntary deposit insurance schemes would allow the competitive landscape for retail deposits to become about more than just price; operational deposits are not immune from procyclical competition; Australian banks have a much greater appetite and tolerance for at-call deposit raising; liquidity regulation has permanently shifted the ‘market rate’ for deposit funding above its ‘natural rate’; and foreign currency deposit raising may lead to banks running unhedged positions or developing a larger reliance towards United States Dollars. For wholesale funding, it is observed that: liquidity regulation has increased the reliance of banks on domestic financial markets to fulfil their financing needs; the volume of short-dated prime bank paper being issued in Australia has declined where there are consequences for the Bank Bill Swap Rates; and large differentials in the semi/quarterly spread can substantially impact the profitability of banking book products. The domestic implementation of the Basel III package of reforms on liquidity in both Australia and Canada has, in many ways, imitated the historical approach taken towards bank capital regulation. This dissertation deducts that, as there is for capital, the concept of ‘regulatory’ and ’economic’ liquidity now exists. Furthermore, regulation has introduced a predisposition to government bonds, which may have unintended consequences for both government sponsored issuers and bank investors. Finally, procyclicality must be monitored and managed by the government sponsored institution tasked with the role of implementing monetary policy, rather than institutions that implement and enforce prudential regulation.
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Maas, Bea. "Birds, bats and arthropods in tropical agroforestry landscapes: Functional diversity, multitrophic interactions and crop yield." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5E77-5.
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