Academic literature on the topic 'Marginal profit'
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Journal articles on the topic "Marginal profit"
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Ren, Si-Tong, Yang Liu, Xin-Yi Yang, Ding-Gui Tong, and Gao-Feng Ren. "Extended Ultimate-Pit-Limit Methodology for Optimizing Surface-to-Underground Mining Transition in Metal Mines." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (January 13, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2753991.
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The transition from surface mining to underground is a critical issue for metal mines. The commonly cited procedure cored by ultimate-pit-limit (UPL) methodology is restricted to maximize the profit from both surface and underground mining, due to the absence of the integration of the profit from either of them. Under the target for such maximization, this study proposes a new optimization approach, which directly relates the design of open-pit limit and underground stopes, by equalizing the marginal profit from either surface or underground mining. The variation of the crown pillar size is involved in this approach. The proposed approach is applied to the Dagushan iron mine, and results show the total profit increased from 3.79 billion CNYs (original design by conventional UPL methodology) to 4.17 billion CNYs (optimal design by the proposed approach), by 9.91%. Moreover, the marginal profit from surface and underground mining, as well as total profit, of all possible designs of surface-to-underground mining transition in Dagushan iron mine is calculated to validate the proposed approach. When the marginal profits satisfy the criterion of the proposed approach, the maximum value of the total profit appears, and this demonstrates the proposed approach is robust to maximize the total profit in surface-to-underground mining transition. This work contributes to existing literature studies primarily from practical aspect, by providing a unified approach to optimize the transition from surface to underground mining.
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ORLOV, Oliver. "INNOVATIONS IN PLANNING BASED ON THE MARGINAL APPROACH CONCEPT." Economy of Ukraine 2018, no. 5 (May 10, 2018): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2018.05.023.
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In modern economic theory and practice, there is a whole range of problems, where the lack of analytical tools does not allow adequately measuring the expected results. A number of hypotheses are presented; proofs of these hypotheses show that a set of important economic problems (planning of cost production, profit, break-even point by product, pricing for new products and evaluation of effectiveness of inno-vation projects) do not meet an appropriate solution because of the lack of analytical tools. As an alternative, solutions of these problems based on the marginal approach concept are proposed. Distribution of fixed costs between types of products (proposed in accordance with the concept of marginal approach) is inherently a covering of fixed costs by marginal profit and formation on this basis of profit and profitableness both by the types of products and by enterprise as a whole. The concept of the marginal approach was also used to solve the problems of pricing on new products of industrial and technical purpose, which allowed forming the lower and upper limits of prices on an anti-costly basis. Methods for evaluating the effectiveness of innovative projects, which are pre-sented in economic literature and practice from the second half of the 20th century, are reduced to comparing investments with magnitude of profit from sale of an in-novative product during its life cycle. It is proposed to compare investments with the marginal profit received by the enterprise from a new product during its life cycle (of course, taking into account discounting). The results obtained have theoretical value, since they allow new ways to form cost price, profit and profitableness by product types, offer an anti-costly approach to pricing with provision of appropriate tools, as well as evaluation of effectiveness of innovation projects. And a practical significance of these results is to create ap-propriate conditions for a flexible cost management, profits and prices, which is es-pecially important for a rapidly changing market conditions.
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MAPLES, JOSHUA G., KALYN T. COATNEY, JOHN M. RILEY, BRANDI B. KARISCH, JANE A. PARISH, and RHONDA C. VANN. "COMPARING CARCASS END-POINT AND PROFIT MAXIMIZATION DECISION RULES USING DYNAMIC NONLINEAR GROWTH FUNCTIONS." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 47, no. 1 (January 26, 2015): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aae.2014.8.
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AbstractThis article develops a market timing decision rule for cattle feeders based on profit maximization. We then compare it with the “status quo” strategy of feeding cattle to a targeted carcass end point. We estimate individual nonlinear dynamic growth functions to derive each animal's value of the marginal product in relation to days on feed. Given individual marginal factor costs, our results indicate that the use of a profit maximization rule could have increased average profits by $16.56 to $21.09 per head for the cattle of known age, and $7.67 to $11.32 per head if age was unknown.
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Smirnova, Yu. "Profitability marginal profit in the system marginal analysis of the economic subject." Auditor, no. 10 (October 17, 2013): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/12692.
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PATTANAYAK, SUBHRENDU K., and RANDALL A. KRAMER. "Worth of watersheds: a producer surplus approach for valuing drought mitigation in Eastern Indonesia." Environment and Development Economics 6, no. 1 (January 15, 2001): 123–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x01000079.
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This study combines hydrological modeling with applied micro-econometric techniques to value a complex ecosystem service: drought mitigation provided by tropical forested watersheds to agrarian communities. Spatial variation in current baseflow allows estimation of drought mitigation values as the marginal profit accruing to agricultural households. The paper shows that this uncommon focus on producer (not consumer) surplus measures is appropriate for valuation as long as markets for commodities related to the environmental services are complete. For the typical household, the estimated marginal profit is positive, validating the central hypothesis that baseflow makes positive contributions to agricultural profits. There is some evidence, however, that increased watershed protection will increase profits through greater baseflow only in watersheds with a unique mix of physio-graphic and climatic features. The paper evaluates and provides some support for the hypothesis, put forward by hydrological science and the Indonesian Government, that protected watersheds can supply latent and unrecognized ecosystem services to local people.
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Jiang, Shumin, Fei Xu, Zhanwen Ding, Chen Yang, and Huanhuan Liu. "Dynamics of a Duopoly Game with Two Different Delay Structures." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2363804.
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Two different time delay structures for the dynamical Cournot game with two heterogeneous players are considered in this paper, in which a player is assumed to make decision via his marginal profit with time delay and another is assumed to adjust strategy according to the delayed price. The dynamics of both players output adjustments are analyzed and simulated. The time delay for the marginal profit has more influence on the dynamical behaviors of the system while the market price delay has less effect, and an intermediate level of the delay weight for the marginal profit can expand the stability region and thus promote the system stability. It is also shown that the system may lose stability due to either a period-doubling bifurcation or a Neimark-Sacker bifurcation. Numerical simulations show that the chaotic behaviors can be stabilized by the time-delayed feedback control, and the two different delays play different roles on the system controllability: the delay of the marginal profit has more influence on the system control than the delay of the market price.
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Kudryashova, Yu N., T. G. Lazareva, T. N. Makushina, and Yu V. Chernova. "The organization of management accounting as a mechanism to improve the efficiency of agricultural enterprises." BIO Web of Conferences 17 (2020): 00028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700028.
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The article discusses a comparative analysis of full cost systems, “direct cost” and “standard cost”. A comparative characteristic and features of using the accrual method and the cash basis method in management accounting are given. A practical example illustrates the advantages of using the cash method and the accrual method in calculating marginal income. The necessity of reflecting the marginal profit on a separate account 92 “Marginal profit (loss)” is substantiated and, in accordance with this, correspondence of accounts on the formation of marginal income using various methods is proposed. A new methodology for calculating CVP analysis indicators is proposed.
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Pogorelova, Lioubov. "Trade and Transfer Pricing." Intertax 40, Issue 1 (January 1, 2012): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2012004.
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Although there may be difficulties, especially during challenging economic times, in applying profit-based regulations when an income tax dimension is considered, if a trade dimension is introduced, in some circumstances profit-based methods, such as the comparable profits method (CPM) or transactional net marginal method (TNMM), may be preferred transfer pricing methods for multinationals. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the profit-based methods CPM and TNMM, where advantages and disadvantages of these methods are considered, and differences between these two methods are pointed out. The article also introduces a conceptual framework for transfer price coordination in the context of income tax and customs laws and examines issues pertaining to harmonization of income tax and customs laws.
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Panoutsou, Calliope, and David Chiaramonti. "Socio-Economic Opportunities from Miscanthus Cultivation in Marginal Land for Bioenergy." Energies 13, no. 11 (May 29, 2020): 2741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112741.
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Substantial areas of agricultural land in south European countries are becoming increasingly marginal and being abandoned due to arid climate with prolonged summers and low rainfall. Perennial, lignocellulosic crops, such as Miscanthus, offer an outlet that couples agriculture with energy, creates employment, and increases profits from feedstock production in rural areas. This research paper follows an Input Output methodology and uses an econometric model to investigate the impact of crop yielding performance and marginal land to jobs and profit from the cultivation and supply of Miscanthus in low quality, marginal land in Italy and Greece. Two value chain cases are analysed: small scale Combined Heat and Power (CHP) and Fast Pyrolysis Bio Oil (FPBO). The cultivation of Miscanthus in both reference value chains exhibits good employment prospects, with smaller scale value chains creating more labour-intensive logistics operations. The activities can also generate substantial financial profit especially with higher crop yields. Results show a pronounced relationship between profitability and crop yield for both reference value chains - cultivation and supply operations become more profitable with increasing yield. It is, therefore, important to achieve higher yields through good cropping practices, while maintaining high levels of environmental sustainability.
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Gong, Bengang, Xuan Xia, and Jinshi Cheng. "Supply-Chain Pricing and Coordination for New Energy Vehicles Considering Heterogeneity in Consumers’ Low Carbon Preference." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (February 11, 2020): 1306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041306.
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Given consumers’ willingness to pay different prices for new energy vehicles (NEVs) and traditional vehicles, we construct a utility model of ordinary and green consumers. We establish pricing game models for centralized and decentralized decisions in an NEV’s supply chain in order to study the impact of changes in consumers’ low carbon preference heterogeneity on supply chain pricing and member profit. The results show that consumers’ low carbon preferences and the ratio of green consumers increases with the ex-factory and selling prices of NEVs. An increase in the percentage of green consumers under centralized decision-making will reduce the total profit of the supply chain. Manufacturers’ profits under decentralized decision-making are greater than the dealers’ profits, and the sum of the two members’ profits under decentralized decision-making is less than the total profit of the supply chain under centralized decision-making. We design a revenue-sharing contract to eliminate the double marginal effect.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Marginal profit"
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Marčiulionytė, Asta. "Įmonės pelno-išlaidų-veiklos apimties vertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20140626_161708-33077.
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Pelningumo siekimas yra pagrindinis verslo įmonės tikslas, dažnai lemiantis vadovų pasirinkimą sprendžiant problemas susijusias su pardavimo kainomis, įvairiomis išlaidomis. Pelno-išlaidų-veiklos apimties vertinimas teikia apibendrinantį planavimo proceso vaizdą ir išlaidų kitimo supratimą, todėl gauta informacija yra nepakeičiama, siekiant užtikrinti racionalų įmonės valdymą. Šio darbo tikslas – išanalizavus pelno-išlaidų-veiklos apimties metodologiją, atlikti įmonės pelno-išlaidų-veiklos apimties vertinimą ir sudaryti modelį, leidžiantį efektyviai planuoti ir analizuoti įmonės kaštų, veiklos apimties ir pelno ryšį. Taigi, šio darbo objektas-įmonės pelningumas, jo priklausomybė nuo įmonės pajamų, kaštų ir veiklos apimties. Siekiant įgyvendinti darbo tikslą, keliami tokie uždaviniai: išanalizuoti pelno-išlaidų-veiklos apimties vertinimo metodologiją, suformuoti prielaidas pelno-išlaidų-veiklos apimties vertinimo modeliavimui, atlikti įmonės pelno-išlaidų-veiklos apimties vertinimą, bei sudaryti pelno-išlaidų-veiklos apimties vertinimo modelį. Darbą sudaro trys pagrindinės dalys: metodologinė, analitinė ir rezultatų. Pirmojoje darbo dalyje nagrinėjami pelno-išlaidų-veiklos apimties vertinimo metodologijos aspektai-pateikiamos analizės prielaidos, vertinimo reikšmė ir galimybės. Antrasis darbo skyrius apima prielaidų pelno-išlaidų-veiklos apimties vertinimo modeliavimui analizę: tiriami ir lyginami pelno-išlaidų-veiklos apimties vertinimo modeliavimo metodai, bei pateikiama... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The main purpose of business enterprise is striving for profitability and this purpose usually decides the head‘s of enterprise choice when he tackles the problems about prices of sales and different expenses. Cost-volume-profit evaluation gives resumptive view about planning process and understanding of costs range so given information is irreplaceable because of trying to ensure rational management. The purpose of this work is to do cost-volume-profit evaluation and make a model according the analysis of cost-volume-profit methodology. This model will let to plan and analyse enterprise‘s cost, activity‘s size and profit‘s relation in effective way. So the object of this work is the profitability of an enterprise, its dependence from enterprises revenue, cost and activity‘s volume. In purpose to realize work‘s aim there are these objectives: to analyse cost-volume-profit evaluation methodology, to structure presumptions for cost-volume-profit evaluation modeling, to do enterprises cost-volume-profit evaluation and to make cost-volume-profit evaluation model. Three main parts makes this work: methodological, analytical, results. In the first part of this work there is an analyses of cost-volume-profit evaluation methodology‘s aspects, there are analysis presumptions, evaluations mean and possibilities. The second part includes presumptions analysis to cost-volume-profit evaluation modeling: here are researched and compared cost-volume-profit evaluation modeling methods and is... [to full text]
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Savelyeva, K. V. "How to increase your gross profit margin." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26091.
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Liu, Hong. "Commercial bank net interest margins, profit persistence and profit-growth relationships. A cross country study." Thesis, Bangor University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496102.
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Fernandez, Pascual Daniel. "Financial littorals : the architecture of profit margins and ambiguous lands." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2018. http://research.gold.ac.uk/24077/.
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On the 4 April 2006, a municipal council was dissolved for the first time in the democratic history of Spain, making the housing crisis financially and politically apparent. In the Mediterranean town of Marbella politicians had been adapting the boundary between building land and the coastal commons to their own interests. The power to quantify and reclassify buildable space was at the core of an architectural struggle, as urban planning and the provision of housing had been designed upon the ambiguity of the highest tide in history. Since the 1988 Coastal Law, the Spanish shoreline has not been demarcated in its entirety yet: evictions and eminent domain have trapped the littoral commons in Court. Every twist of the shoreline reveals not where tides are active, but rather where landscape margins are entangled with real estate profit margins. This research investigates speculation and the housing crisis by using the materiality of the shoreline to understand dwelling struggles. The calculated construction of ambiguity in the demarcation of the littoral is analysed as a form of control and a form of resistance. Structured in three chapters, the practice-based research departs from the invention of the coastline in Spain to unpack the financialisation of space and the appropriation of the common good within the housing crisis. It investigates how the provision of ‘affordable’ homes as financial instruments relies on the global circulation of natural capital, coastal wetlands and offsetting operations. Through case studies in Europe and the US, it investigates the engineering of the shoreline by insurance companies after ‘natural disasters’ and the circumvention of mortgage debt offshore. Embedded in an analysis of housing from a critical finance perspective, this thesis demonstrates how rather than territorial boundaries being a circulation of capital, it is capital what needs to be read as a constant circulation of zoning laws and ambiguous borderlines, in order to anticipate alternative futures to housing inequality.
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Groskopf, Jeremy W. "Profit Margins: The American Silent Cinema and the Marginalization of Advertising." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2013. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_diss/47.
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In the early years of the twentieth century, the unique new medium of motion pictures was the focus of significant theorization and experimentation at the fringes of the American advertising industry. Alongside the growth of the nickelodeon, and the multiple shifts in the American cinema's business model in the 'transitional era,' various individuals at the margins of the advertising industry attempted, and most often failed, to integrate direct consumer-goods advertising regularly into motion picture theaters. Via techniques as diverse as the glass slide, the commercial trailer, and the advertising wall-clock, cinema patrons of the 1910s witnessed various attempts by merchants and manufacturers to intrude upon their attention in the cinema space. Through research in the trade presses of the cinema, advertising, and various consumer-goods industries, along with archival ephemera from the advertising companies themselves, this dissertation explores these various on and off-screen tactics for direct advertising attempted in silent cinemas, and their eventual minimization in the American cinema experience. Despite the appeal of the new, popular visual medium of cinema to advertisers, concerns over ticket prices, advertising circulation, audience irritation, and the potential for theatrical 'suicide-by-advertising,' resulted, over a mere fifteen years, in the near abandonment of the cinema as an advertising medium. As a transitional medium between the 19th century forms of print and billboarding, and 20th century broadcasting, the silent cinema was an important element in the development of modern advertising theories.
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Kee, Gary D. "Hog Profit Margin Hedging: A Long-term Out-of-sample Evaluation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10026.
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This thesis is a long-term evaluation of the profit margin hedging strategy suggested by Kenyon and Clay. To implement this strategy an expected profit margin is estimated based on the amount of pork, corn price, and soybean meal price. The profit margin that can be 'locked in' by the futures market is calculated from the futures prices of live hogs, corn and soybean meal with an allowance for other cost. The hedging rule is to hedge hogs, corn and soybean meal when a profit margin of fifty percent above the expected profit margin can be 'locked-in' with the futures. In their original paper, using data from 1975-82, Kenyon and Clay found this method of hedging stabilized cash flow while increasing the overall profit level. Using out-of-sample data from 1983-98, the current research finds no difference in profits from hedging versus not hedging. The most obvious reason for the lack of success is the inability to predict the expected profit margin with the simple supply model used by Kenyon and Clay. Addition of demand shifting variables to the model failed to significantly improve the prediction of expected profit margin or the hedging results. The hedging strategy was also affected by a significant decrease in the variance in the futures market that lead to a decrease in hedging opportunities. With the failure of the Kenyon and Clay hedging strategy with out-of-sample data, this research empirically demonstrates the need for out-of-sample testing of selective hedging strategies.Master of Science
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Du, Plessis J. S. "Addressing diminishing profit margins within the Dutoit Group : a value chain analysis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97273.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Rapid urbanisation, coupled with growing per capita incomes and a rapid rising middle class, is triggering rapid growth in urban food markets. Despite these opportunities, agriculture in South Africa is confronted with diminishing profit margins due to direct production cost increasing at rates above the revenue generated from agricultural products. This research assignment has aimed to define the attributes of an effective agricultural value chain in South Africa, given the challenges faced. To achieve this goal, the research focus was on the results of an in-depth analysis of the Dutoit Group’s deciduous fruit value chain. To be able to perform a value chain analysis it is of utmost importance to first understand the meaning of the concepts as well as their origin and the evolution of their application. This is achieved through a comprehensive study of literature. Three value chain analysis tools were used for the research. These tools were an industry analysis, value chain maps and benchmarking. Through the literature review the importance and relevance of these three tools were also explored and reasons provided why they can be regarded to be adequate for a proper in-depth analysis. An overview of the Dutoit Group’s history, focusing on the specific key events influencing the evolution of their value chains, is also discussed together with their business philosophy, business model and main accomplishments. This is done to provide context to the environment in which the value chain analysis process was performed. The main focus of the fourth chapter is the application of the three value chain analysis tools on the Dutoit Group’s deciduous fruit value chain, utilising primary and secondary data collected through interviews with specific value chain actors, observations, management information and literature obtained from the public domain. Through the application of the three value chain analysis tools the effectiveness of the Dutoit Group’s deciduous fruit value chain was evaluated, and strengths and weaknesses identified. The research results showed that the Dutoit Group’s internal deciduous fruit value chain has been effective in addressing the risk of diminishing profit margins. In addition the results showed that the key attributes of an effective value chain which are able to address the current challenges are defined as effective integration, strong relationships between value chain actors, high levels of productivity and strong leadership.
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Urmanbetova, Aselia. "The effects of consolidation of price-cost margins in the pulp and paper industry." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04072004-180232/unrestricted/urmanbetova%5Faselia%5F200312%5Fms.pdf.
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Sukkar, Malak, and sukkarm@stvmph org au. "Executives' Decision Making in Australian Private Hospitals: Margin or Mission?" RMIT University. Graduate School of Business, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081031.162754.
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This thesis examines decision making at executive level in Australian private hospitals as a social phenomenon, since individuals draw meaning from their own biographical and social environmental experiences. The researcher interpreted the constructed realities of the factors influencing executives' decisions within the context of private hospitals - a field that is rarely examined through the lens of social research. Using an Interpretivist research paradigm, the researcher conducted semi- structured and in-depth interviews with sixteen executive members who are experts in their field and represent both sectors of the private hospital industry: private for-profit and private not-for-profit. The data generated was transformed into technical accounts using an abductive research strategy and adopting Schütz's notion of first-order and second-order constructs. Using Giddens' Structuration Theory, that stressed the fundamental role of the human agent, the structure and their mutual dependence, the researcher moved beyond the interpretation of individuals' meanings, to incorporate the structure as an entity that can be formed and reformed. The researcher interpreted social actors' constructed meanings of these social phenomena in their work environment to form the elements of a two-dimensional decision making model at organisational level, incorporating the present with the future and the internal with the external factors. On an individual level, three different approaches to decision making were identified, based on whether executives perceived the decision making phenomenon as intuition, as a reasoned process or as an expected outcome. While being from a limited research sample, the findings of this study suggest that the paradox of mission / economic decisions restrained executives in the not-for-profit sector from strengthening their hospitals' financial performance, putting at risk, therefore, their ability to achieve social dividends as a way to proclaim their mission. On the other hand, in the for-profit sector, shareholders' dividends appeared to be a strong catalyst for attaining profit maximisation when making decisions. In both settings, the findings suggest that the role of stakeholder theory is questionable, particularly when executives remained hesitant to involve medical specialists, whom they considered to be major stakeholders and profit generators for private hospitals. This attitude appeared to be constant, despite the changes identified in executives' individual approaches to decision making. However, early signs of shifts towards adopting more commercially and socially accountable decisions were apparent in not-for-p rofit and for-profit sectors respectively. The thesis sets out recommendations to assist executives in managing the different factors that interplay to form executives' decisions. The importance of having a mission in business longevity and the integration, as opposed to alignment, of strategic goals with business operations when making executive decisions in private hospitals was highlighted. The implications for both sectors are described and recommendations for further research are suggested.
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Martins, Pedro Miguel Guerra. "Análise do perfil longitudinal da pobreza monetária em Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6252.
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Mestrado em Econometria Aplicada e PrevisãoO objetivo desta dissertação consiste na análise das características mais influentes na determinação da situação de pobreza de um indivíduo em Portugal. Tendo como base os dados longitudinais disponibilizados pelo Inquérito às Condições de Vida e de Rendimento entre os anos de 2006 e 2009, foram estimados três modelos probit sobre uma estrutura de dados em painel, um modelo estático e dois modelos dinâmicos, onde neste último foram seguidas as metodologias desenvolvidas por Wooldridge (2005) e Orme (2001). Posteriormente, de maneira a quantificar o efeito de cada variável explicativa, foram calculados os respetivos efeitos marginais médios. Além do tratamento da heterogeneidade individual não observada prova-se que a estimação dinâmica sobre esta estrutura de dados beneficia a análise do problema, nomeadamente no peso significativo da variável dependente desfasada um período na determinação da probabilidade de um indivíduo estar em situação de pobreza. Conclui-se também que a inserção em agregados familiares numerosos ou monoparentais, a viver em áreas pouco povoadas, com dificuldades em fazer face aos encargos usuais, baixos níveis de scolaridade e membros do agregado em situação de desemprego foram outros fatores que influenciaram a ocorrência deste fenómeno.
The objective of this thesis consists in analyzing the most influential factors that determine individual poverty situation in Portugal. Based on longitudinal data provided by the Statistics on Income and Living Conditions survey between the period of 2006 and 2009, we have estimated three probit models for a panel data structure, one being static and two dynamic, whereas for the latter, we followed the ethodologies developed by Wooldridge (2005) and Orme (2001). Futhermore, in order to quantify the effect the effect of each single explanatory variable, we have calculated the respective average marginal effects. In addition to the unobserved heterogeneity treatment, evidence is provided that the dynamic estimation of this data structure benefits the problem analysis,namely concerning the significant importance of the one period lagged dependent variable when determining the probability of an individual being in a poverty situation. It is also concluded that large or one-parent families, living in sparsely populated areas, thriving to cope with monthly burdens, with low educational attainment levels and that live in jobless households are among other factors that influence the occurrence of this phenomena.
Books on the topic "Marginal profit"
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Estrin, Saul. Profit sharing the marginal cost of labour and employment variability. Bradford: University of Bradford Management Centre, 1989.
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Mullahy, John. Marginal effects in multivariate probit and kindred discrete and count outcome models, with applications in health economics. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2011.
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Burgio, Eugenio, Franz Fischer, and Marco Sartor. Knowledgescape Insights on Public Humanities. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-542-1.
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This volume, which collects the proceedings of the international study day Intersections. New Perspectives for Public Humanities, aims at shedding light on the often complicated and chaotic ‘texture’ of public humanities in order to foster a less marginal place for this field of study. The choice to focus the analysis on a selection of case studies that includes history, cultural heritage, archaeology, and literature leads to redesigning a profile whose main feature is to create bridges between specialised knowledge domains and large audiences and identifying methods and models that can make humanistic knowledge ‘actionable’ in our society.
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Carayannis, Tatiana, and Thomas G. Weiss. The "Third" United Nations. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198855859.001.0001.
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This book is about the Third UN: the ecology of supportive non-state actors—intellectuals, scholars, consultants, think tanks, NGOs, the for-profit private sector, and the media—that interacts with the intergovernmental machinery of the First UN (member states) and the Second UN (staff members of international secretariats) to formulate and refine ideas and decision-making at key junctures in policy processes. Some advocate for particular ideas, others help analyze or operationalize their testing and implementation; many thus help the UN “think.” While think tanks, knowledge brokers, and epistemic communities are phenomena that have entered both the academic and policy lexicons, their intellectual role remains marginal to analyses of such intergovernmental organizations as the United Nations. The Third UN in this volume connotes those working toward knowledge and normative advances for the realization of the values underlying the UN Charter; the book does not discuss armed belligerents and criminals, the main focus of previous analyses of non-state actors and the UN system.
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Jones, Geoffrey. Profits and Sustainability. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198706977.001.0001.
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The book tells the unknown story of entrepreneurs who believed business could help create a more sustainable world. It challenges the received point of view that such green entrepreneurs are a recent phenomenon, and instead traces their origins much further back in the convictions of people committed to unusual lifestyles, in the zeal of radicals, and in the often unsuccessful efforts of visionaries to bring a new world into being long before the world was ready for it. This book looks at many such individuals in the United States, Europe, and elsewhere, and in industries as diverse as architecture, natural beauty, organic food, recycling, solar and wind energy, and sustainable finance. In each industry, the book explores the drivers of green entrepreneurship over time, how businesses were built, and the lessons to be learned. It is shown that it was only from the 1980s that green businesses were able to break out of marginal positions, yet the scaling of such businesses and the rise of corporate environmentalism raised new issues of legitimacy. The historical achievement of green entrepreneurs remains that through their willingness to be unconventional, they opened up new ways of thinking about sustainability, and have laid the foundations for the sustainable world of the future.
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Ronen, Boaz, Joseph S. Pliskin, and Shimeon Pass. Creating Value for Healthcare Organizations (DRAFT). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190843458.003.0018.
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Creating value for healthcare organizations is the primary goal for their managers, both in for-profit and nonprofit organizations. In this chapter, we present the value-focused management methodology, a practical approach for increasing the value of a healthcare organization. The methodology is a multistep approach, including determining the goal, determining the performance measures, identifying the value drivers, deciding how to improve the value drivers, and implementation and control. The value-focused management methodology enables managers to examine systematically where they should devote their time and energy and in which areas the contribution will be marginally small.
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Assael, Brenda. Running the Restaurant. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817604.003.0003.
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Chapter 2 examines the restaurant as a business. It offers an explanation for the dramatically contrasting fortunes of London’s restaurants, a sector of the economy characterized by success and expansion as well as by failure and bankruptcy. Consideration is given to how restaurants were financed, how they secured staff and supplies, the incorporation of new technology, and the often ingenious ways that they sought out customers. Restaurant proprietors and managers (and even cooks and chefs) explored a variety of schemes to establish their status as professionals, but these rarely compromised the vigorous pursuit of financial reward, in a sector of the economy in which profit margins were often relatively small. In an era characterized by a moving frontier between state and economy, the restaurant revealed the ongoing commitment in Victorian and Edwardian culture to the power of free enterprise and the maintenance of a robust commercial domain.
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Bohlmann, Heinrich, and Rod Crompton. The impact on the South African economy of alternative regulatory arrangements in the petroleum sector. UNU-WIDER, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2020/910-5.
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This paper adds quantitative analysis to the study by Crompton et al. (2020), in which various alternative regulatory arrangements regarding the petrol price in South Africa were explored. We use a multi-sector dynamic computable general equilibrium model for South Africa to conduct our economic impact analysis. Five scenarios are modelled, first individually to correctly calibrate the shocks, and then cumulatively to find the overall economy-wide effects of the proposed reforms. Under the most comprehensive set of reforms to the determination of petrol prices, which seeks to emulate market forces, the South African economy is seeing substantial benefits. GDP is expected to rise by 0.67 per cent and real wages by over 1.1 per cent relative to the baseline. Refineries are assumed to shrug off reforms targeted at removing pure profits earned via the import parity price (Basic Fuel Price) methodology by accepting a slightly lower rate of return, enabling them to meet the expected increase in demand for petrol on the back of the lower consumer prices achieved via the reforms. Whilst job losses at fuel service stations may be expected as a result of reduced revenues and margins, increased activity and job opportunities in the rest of the economy, facilitated through cheaper trade and transport margins, will more than offset those losses.
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Fiordelisi, Franco, Corrado Meglio, Carlo Palego, Annalissa Richetto, Artem Danko, Maurizio Vallino, Pasqualina Porretta, Lorenzo Bocchi, Carlo Toffano, and Andrea Favretti. Pricing and risk adjusted measures. AIFIRM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47473/2016ppa00027.
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The issue of risk-based pricing of credit loans has become crucial for banking companies, in a context characterized by severe restriction of profitability margins also in relation to a level of market interest rates which in the Euro area is at its lowest. historical, now firmly in the negative area. The same European Authorities urge the adoption of adequate and consistent adjusted pricing frameworks with respect to the business model, risk profile and overall risk governance of the bank. The methodological and organizational process for determining the risk-adjusted pricing is further complicated by the ongoing Covid19 pandemic which, through the highly asymmetrical impacts on customer segments and industrial sectors, makes the forward-looking and macroeconomic assessment of the sectors risk even more relevant.
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Arias, Enrique Desmond, and Thomas Grisaffi, eds. Cocaine. Duke University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478021957.
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The contributors to Cocaine analyze the contemporary production, transit, and consumption of cocaine throughout the Americas and the illicit economy's entanglement with local communities. Based on in-depth interviews and archival research, these essays examine how government agents, acting both within and outside the law, and criminal actors seek to manage the flow of illicit drugs to both maintain order and earn profits. Whether discussing the moral economy of coca cultivation in Bolivia, criminal organizations and drug traffickers in Mexico, or the routes cocaine takes as it travels into and through Guatemala, the contributors demonstrate how entire ways of life are built around cocaine commodification. They consider how the authority of state actors is coupled with the self-regulating practices of drug producers, traffickers, and dealers, complicating notions of governance and of the relationships between economic and moral economies. The collection also outlines a more progressive drug policy that acknowledges the important role drugs play in the lives of those at the urban and rural margins. Contributors. Enrique Desmond Arias, Lilian Bobea, Philippe Bourgois, Anthony W. Fontes, Robert Gay, Paul Gootenberg, Romain Le Cour Grandmaison, Thomas Grisaffi, Laurie Kain Hart, Annette Idler, George Karandinos, Fernando Montero, Dennis Rodgers, Taniele Rui, Cyrus Veeser, Autumn Zellers-León
Book chapters on the topic "Marginal profit"
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Nuthall, Peter L. "Planning games." In Farm business management: the decisive farmer, 11–21. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800620124.0002.
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Abstract This chapter tells the story of Tom. Tom has noted the large range in profitability farmers achieve relative to each other. It was clear to Tom that some of this was due to farmers all having different objectives, but also that there was more than likely a wide range of decision skills. It is pointed out that experience is an important factor in excellent managerial ability, provided the lessons it gives are fully understood and comprehended. Tom and his colleagues make it clear intuition is an important and critical resource farmer-decision makers possess. All farmers and consultants should understand the rudiments of production economics as they set out the decision rules to follow in achieving objectives with particular attention on maximizing profit. But the principles apply equally to all objectives. As noted, one of the key rules is to keep adding resources, such as fertilizer, until the point of marginal return (MR) equals marginal cost (MC).
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Vet, Cassandra, Danny Cassimon, and Anne Van de Vijver. "Getting the Short End of the Stick: Power Relations and Their Distributive Outcomes for Lower-Income Countries in Transfer Pricing Governance." In Taxation, International Cooperation and the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, 3–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64857-2_1.
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AbstractIt is widely recognized that international corporate taxation holds a distributional bias toward advanced economies and that developing countries only play a marginal role in tax governance-making. Yet, it is the ambition of both the G20 and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to integrate developing countries in the BEPS Inclusive Framework. The Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) action is the latest global initiative to update the international framework of corporate taxation and curb corporate tax avoidance. On one hand, the integration for developing countries within the policy-making forums remains incomplete and focused on the implementation of the global tax rules. On the other, even when lower-income countries have a seat at the table, uneven power relations shape the distributional outcomes of the G20-OECD tax reform project. This analysis of the power relations at play during the revision of the transactional profit split method (TPSM) reveals how dominant logics on value creation work against the material interests of developing countries in the distribution of taxing rights. Therefore, for a tax reform to be truly legitimate for developing countries, it should emancipate and even “decolonize” the discourse and ideas of the international tax regime. While the updated OECD guidelines on transfer pricing expanded the size of the overall cake of taxable profits, the dominant logics and criteria of the guidance make it difficult for lower-income countries to obtain a decent slice of the cake and actually eat it.
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Myddelton, D. R. "Accounting Profit Versus Economic Income." In Margins of Error in Accounting, 85–94. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230595019_5.
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Pitacco, Ermanno. "Solvency Margin and Profit in Life Insurance." In Insurance and Risk Theory, 435–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4620-0_31.
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Mitchell, James. "Appendix 1: Mean Reversion of US Profit Margins." In The Road to Recovery, 259. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118745243.app1.
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Ahmad, Rubi, and Bolaji Tunde Matemilola. "Determinants of Bank Profits and Net Interest Margins." In Emerging Markets and Financial Resilience, 228–48. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137266613_12.
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Evmenchik, Oksana S., Shakizada U. Niyazbekova, Favziya S. Seidakhmetova, and Tatyana M. Mezentceva. "The Role of Gross Profit and Margin Contribution in Decision Making." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 1393–404. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56433-9_145.
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Fairley, William B. "Investment Income and Profit Margins in Property-Liability Insurance: Theory and Empirical Results." In Fair Rate of Return in Property-Liability Insurance, 1–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7753-3_1.
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Heimler, Alberto, and Carlo Milana. "Utilization of Productive Capacity and Profit Margins in the Main Industrial Sectors in Italy." In Oligopoly and Dynamic Competition, 231–48. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12818-1_8.
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Venezian, Emilio C. "Effect of Serially Autocorrelated Profit Margins on the Solvency of Insurers: The Case with Constant Target Margins Set by the Capital Asset Pricing Model." In Managing the Insolvency Risk of Insurance Companies, 173–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3878-9_6.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Marginal profit"
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Khandelwal, Meenakshi, Parul Mathuria, and Rohit Bhakar. "Profit Based Self Scheduling of Virtual Power Plant Under Multiple Locational Marginal Prices." In 2018 20th National Power Systems Conference (NPSC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/npsc.2018.8771827.
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Azani, Zohreh, Hossein Shahinzadeh, Shohreh Azani, Gevork B. Gharehpetian, Ersan Kabalci, and Mohamed Benbouzid. "An Aggregated Revenue-Driven VPP Model Based on Marginal Price Tracking for Profit Maximization." In 2022 9th Iranian Joint Congress on Fuzzy and Intelligent Systems (CFIS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cfis54774.2022.9756489.
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Onwuemene, Onyeka. "Optimized Technical and Commercial Strategy for Marginal Field Re-Entry – A Case Study." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207081-ms.
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Abstract This paper examines an optimized strategy and approach for executing a marginal field re-entry in the face of harsh global economic realities in the oil and gas sector. With dwindling and depressing oil prices driven by demand & supply volatility with root causes traceable to some factors such as the prevalent health pandemic, clamor for green energy, climate change discussions, geopolitics etc, the operating model for oil companies will need to drastically change to reflect current realities. Due to rapid global urbanization and increasing population amongst other factors, there is a corresponding huge appetite for oil to meet energy demands. This has led to exploration in unconventional terrains, utilization of the full extent of primary and secondary recovery mechanisms to attain high RFs in already producing fields and in some extreme cases, the development of marginal fields. In the Niger Delta area of Nigeria, marginal fields usually given up by Oil majors or abandoned following production exigencies and government laws are acquired and operated by indeginous companies. These indigenous players look for the most cost-effective means to produce these assets as it becomes the only way to make profit. A case study for field re-entry in the Niger Delta, which emphasized relatively/comparatively reduced capital outlay dependent on the technical approach is examined. Lessons learnt are drawn to aid enlightened go-forward actions and that will ensure a go-to template for similar future marginal field re-entry projects.
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Bicocca, Miriam. "Rural development and sustainable innovation how systemic design approach can contribute to the growth of marginal regions." In Systems & Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ifdp.2016.3300.
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The objective of the project is to reach sustainable development in rural areas through Design Aapproaches. Sustainable means that matches the three dimensions, people, planet and profit. Sustainable development consists of goals and strategies that together provide alternative tracks to conventional development, offering improved livelihoods to the poor in ways that promote both their empowerment and the conservation or improvement of key natural resources so that the basis of productive activities can be maintained into the future (Lele 1991; Pretty 1998). The topic of rural development is relevant becouse of the quantity of people, poor or extremely poor, living in rural territories. More than 3 billion people live in rural areas. Design rarely deals with rural development and with the definition of a system that can facilitate the growth and the development of the territory. If it does, it usually focuses on products or services. The most important futures, which globally all rural areas share in common, are remoteness and isolation. Many rural sociologists argue that small structure and cooperation are important strengths that contribute to ethic and social identity. The central role that play territorial context and relationships in the Systemic Design Approach (SDA) makes it a very effective approach to support and encourage rural development in a sustainable way. Applying the SDA, it is possible to manage local resources and local products in a way that allows the economic strengthening of the farmers and communities that live in the territory. The Systemic Design team of the Deparment of Architecture and Design (DAD) of Politecnico di Torino has been engaged for years into the develop of the Systemic Design Approach, that can be summed up by five principles (Bistagnino, 2011): Output > Input: the output (waste) of a system becomes the input (resource) for another one Relationships that generate the system, each one contributes to the system Auto-generation systems sustain themselves by reproducing automatically Act locally: context is fundamental because it values local resources (humans, cultures and materials) and it helps to modify local problems in new opportunities Man at the centre of the project: Man is connected to social, cultural and ethic environment It is essential to start from the current state of the art, that allows to define strengths and weaknesses, before to design the system, made of flows between actors.
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Stade, Ekkehard. "The Experiences From the First Rounds of Offshore Wind Farm Installation in the German EEZ (Both Baltic and North Sea) and Lessons Learnt to Achieve Serial Production Status: A Consultant’s Perspective." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24682.
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Offshore wind farms present a lesser safety risk to operators and contractors than traditional oil and gas installations. In the post Macondo world this does not come as a surprise since the risks involved in construction, operation and maintenance of an offshore wind farm are by far lower. Even with higher probability of incidents and near misses (due to serial construction) the severity/ impact of those is considerably lower. On the other hand projects are complex, profit margins are what they are called: marginal. Hence there is no room for errors, perhaps in form of delays. If, for example, the installation completion of the turbines and the inner array cabling/ export cables are not perfectly in tune, the little commercial success that can be achieved is rapidly diminishing by costly compensation activities. The paper will try to present solutions to the most pressing challenges and elaborate on the effect those would have had, had they been implemented at the beginning of the projects. How can a sustainable new industry evolve by learning from established industries? Presently, there is a view that offshore wind is a short-lived business. Particularly representatives of the oil and gas industry raise such concern. Apart from the obvious bias of those voices, this controversy is also caused by the fact that offshore wind seems to have a tendency to try and re-invent the wheel rather than using established procedures. Even with a relatively stable commitment to the offshore wind development regardless of the respective government focus within European coastal states the industry suffers from financing issues, subsidies, over-regulation due to lack of expertise within authorities and other challenges. The avoidance of those is key to a successful development for this industry in other areas of the planet. In conjunction with a stable commitment this is essential in order to attract the long lead-time projects and to establish the complex supply chains to achieve above goals. The paper will look at the short but intensive history of the industry and establish mitigation to some of the involved risks of offshore wind farm EPCI.
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Pavic, Ivan, Tomislav Capuder, and Hrvoje Pandzic. "Profit margin of electric vehicle battery aggregator." In 2018 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/energycon.2018.8398790.
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Hada, Izabela Diana, and Mihaela Maria Mihalcea. "Analysis and Evolution of Profit and Net Profit Margin in the Pharmaceutical Industry in Romania." In International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/06.
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Profit is considered to be an important source of financing the financial activity of any economic entity. The main purpose of any activity is to make a profit. As a significant part of equity, employees can be remunerated from profit (as part of their profit share) and also shareholders/associations can be also remunerated in the form of distributed dividends. The appreciation of financial performance is closely linked to the ability to make a profit. In this sense, the main purpose of this article is to analyze and describe the evolution of profit and net profit margin, as an indicator of performance appreciation, for economic entities in the field of manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products in Romania. The basis of the analysis is the annual financial statements for a number of 46 entities for the period 1999-2018 (20 years). The results of the research show that, from the point of view of the evolution of the number of entities that register profit, we are witnessing an increase from 12 entities in 1999 to 23 entities in 2018. However, referring to the increase in the number of entities from a total of 17 in 1999 to 46 entities in 2018, we notice that in 2018 only half of them register a profit. The other half falls into the category of less performing entities due to losses. However, after a period of financial decline (2008-2009) we see a gradual increase in profits recorded by economic entities in the pharmaceutical industry in Romania.
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Flarend, Richard. "Solar Net Metering Increases Utility-Supplier Profit Margins." In ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2016 Power Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2016-59425.
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Net metering is an incentive that is essential to most solar photovoltaic systems. Recently the burden placed upon local utilities is an issue some regulators have been asked to address. This research uses actual 2013 and 2014 solar production data from nearly 200 sites, wholesale electricity day-ahead pricing data, and utility-wide demand data. This is all analyzed by the hour for two full years for a western Pennsylvania based utility and an eastern Pennsylvania based utility and their wholesale generators. Results show electricity is 15% more valuable when solar PV systems are generating power and feeding the grid during good weather conditions than at night or cloudy days when solar customers get energy back from the grid. Solar energy generation is highly predictable in the day-ahead market, and leads to suppression in market prices for electricity. Thus to reveal the true impact of this market suppression, an increased solar renewable portfolio standard (RPS) fraction of 0.2 to 10% was simulated. This caused a decrease in demand resulting in a corresponding reduction in the price of electricity yielding savings to the utility. The maximum rate of increase and decrease in the utility-wide load did not change significantly until the solar RPS exceeded 5%. Additionally, the demand for electricity was reduced during the highest load hours of the year that corresponded to the most expensive hours of the year. The minimum base-load of the year was decreased substantially for solar RPS of 5% or greater and the base load reaches zero for solar RPS over 10%. From the data of these two years, it is demonstrated that an increased use of solar energy would lead to savings that are larger than the loss in revenue due to having fewer traditional non-solar customers. Thus electricity suppliers and utilities stand to have both higher profits and higher profit margins when customers adopt net-metered solar energy compared to the non-adoption of solar energy.
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Fedosov, A. V., and G. V. Chumachenko. "OPERATIONAL APPROACH FOR DETERMINING RISER SIZES PROVIDING HIGH QUALITY STEEL CASTINGS." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.287-289.
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An approach is proposed for the efficient selection of profits in the design of the gatefeeding system for steel castings made in sand and clay forms. The presented results of mathematical modeling allow you to quickly make a decision on the choice of profit margin, which provides high-grade nutrition of the casting thermal units
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Prachanucroa, Arnon, and Sukanya Phongsuphap. "Marginal noise removal for scanned document images by projection profile based method." In 2013 10th International Joint Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering (JCSSE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jcsse.2013.6567312.
Full textReports on the topic "Marginal profit"
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Mullahy, John. Marginal Effects in Multivariate Probit and Kindred Discrete and Count Outcome Models, with Applications in Health Economics. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17588.
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Hall, Robert. The Cyclical Response of Advertising Refutes Counter-Cyclical Profit Margins in Favor of Product-Market Frictions. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18370.
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Morgan, J., and M. Warner. Interpretation of a combined refraction and reflection profile across the western Canadian active margin. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/129014.
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Harris, L. B., P. Adiban, and E. Gloaguen. The role of enigmatic deep crustal and upper mantle structures on Au and magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr mineralization in the Superior Province. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328984.
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Aeromagnetic and ground gravity data for the Canadian Superior Province, filtered to extract long wavelength components and converted to pseudo-gravity, highlight deep, N-S trending regional-scale, rectilinear faults and margins to discrete, competent mafic or felsic granulite blocks (i.e. at high angles to most regional mapped structures and sub-province boundaries) with little to no surface expression that are spatially associated with lode ('orogenic') Au and Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr occurrences. Statistical and machine learning analysis of the Red Lake-Stormy Lake region in the W Superior Province confirms visual inspection for a greater correlation between Au deposits and these deep N-S structures than with mapped surface to upper crustal, generally E-W trending, faults and shear zones. Porphyry Au, Ni, Mo and U-Th showings are also located above these deep transverse faults. Several well defined concentric circular to elliptical structures identified in the Oxford Stull and Island Lake domains along the S boundary of the N Superior proto-craton, intersected by N- to NNW striking extensional fractures and/or faults that transect the W Superior Province, again with little to no direct surface or upper crustal expression, are spatially associated with magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr and related mineralization and Au occurrences. The McFaulds Lake greenstone belt, aka. 'Ring of Fire', constitutes only a small, crescent-shaped belt within one of these concentric features above which 2736-2733 Ma mafic-ultramafic intrusions bodies were intruded. The Big Trout Lake igneous complex that hosts Cr-Pt-Pd-Rh mineralization west of the Ring of Fire lies within a smaller concentrically ringed feature at depth and, near the Ontario-Manitoba border, the Lingman Lake Au deposit, numerous Au occurrences and minor Ni showings, are similarly located on concentric structures. Preliminary magnetotelluric (MT) interpretations suggest that these concentric structures appear to also have an expression in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) and that lithospheric mantle resistivity features trend N-S as well as E-W. With diameters between ca. 90 km to 185 km, elliptical structures are similar in size and internal geometry to coronae on Venus which geomorphological, radar, and gravity interpretations suggest formed above mantle upwellings. Emplacement of mafic-ultramafic bodies hosting Ni-Cr-PGE mineralization along these ringlike structures at their intersection with coeval deep transverse, ca. N-S faults (viz. phi structures), along with their location along the margin to the N Superior proto-craton, are consistent with secondary mantle upwellings portrayed in numerical models of a mantle plume beneath a craton with a deep lithospheric keel within a regional N-S compressional regime. Early, regional ca. N-S faults in the W Superior were reactivated as dilatational antithetic (secondary Riedel/R') sinistral shears during dextral transpression and as extensional fractures and/or normal faults during N-S shortening. The Kapuskasing structural zone or uplift likely represents Proterozoic reactivation of a similar deep transverse structure. Preservation of discrete faults in the deep crust beneath zones of distributed Neoarchean dextral transcurrent to transpressional shear zones in the present-day upper crust suggests a 'millefeuille' lithospheric strength profile, with competent SCLM, mid- to deep, and upper crustal layers. Mechanically strong deep crustal felsic and mafic granulite layers are attributed to dehydration and melt extraction. Intra-crustal decoupling along a ductile décollement in the W Superior led to the preservation of early-formed deep structures that acted as conduits for magma transport into the overlying crust and focussed hydrothermal fluid flow during regional deformation. Increase in the thickness of semi-brittle layers in the lower crust during regional metamorphism would result in an increase in fracturing and faulting in the lower crust, facilitating hydrothermal and carbonic fluid flow in pathways linking SCLM to the upper crust, a factor explaining the late timing for most orogenic Au. Results provide an important new dataset for regional prospectively mapping, especially with machine learning, and exploration targeting for Au and Ni-Cr-Cu-PGE mineralization. Results also furnish evidence for parautochthonous development of the S Superior Province during plume-related rifting and cannot be explained by conventional subduction and arc-accretion models.