Academic literature on the topic 'Mappe Positive'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mappe Positive"
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Bigelow, Seth W., James R. Runkle, and Evan M. Oswald. "Competition, Climate, and Size Effects on Radial Growth in an Old-Growth Hemlock Forest." Forests 11, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11010052.
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Research Highlights: We applied neighborhood and dendro-ecological methods in a stand with a 33-year record of forest dynamics, finding that growth will decrease for several species under predicted climate trends. Background and Objectives: Conventional tree-ring analysis removes the influence of competition and size on growth, precluding assessment of the relative influence of these factors. An old-growth eastern hemlock forest in east–central New York was mapped in 1978 and was measured at eight-year intervals since then. Our objective was to use these data to examine the influence of climate, neighborhood, and tree size on radial growth. Materials and Methods: We evaluated an array of climatic indices to find which ones had the strongest influence on radial growth from increment cores of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis L.), yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britton), and sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.). We used the strongest climatic indices in combination with neighborhood and target-tree size information to create growth models for the three tree species. Results: Size accounted for 2% to 21% of observed growth; the shade-tolerant sugar maple and eastern hemlock grew fastest when large, but the mid-tolerant yellow birch grew fastest when small. Competition accounted for 9% to 21% of growth; conifers had a weaker competitive effect than deciduous trees, and eastern hemlock was less sensitive to competition than sugar maple and yellow birch. Climate accounted for only 2% of growth variation; eastern hemlock showed a positive response to warming climate trends, but yellow birch and sugar maple showed negative responses. Conclusions: Predicted climate trends are likely to result in decreased growth of sugar maple and yellow birch, and the sensitivity of these species to competition suggests the effect will be exacerbated when they grow in crowded conditions.
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Ivcevic, Zorana, Jessica D. Hoffmann, and Julie A. McGarry. "Scaffolding Positive Creativity in Secondary School Students." Education Sciences 12, no. 4 (March 26, 2022): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci12040239.
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Guided by research in creativity studies, moral development, and positive youth development, this paper proposes four principles to guide education toward positive creativity: (1) building prosocial motivation, (2) building emotion skills to build persistence, (3) building an understanding of creativity as dynamic, and (4) building self-concept of positive creativity. To illustrate applying these theoretically derived principles to teaching positive creativity, we provide examples from the inspirED program for secondary school students, which aims to build a more positive social and emotional climate through student-led creative projects. The four phases of the inspirED program—Assess the problems, Brainstorm ideas, Complete a project, and Debrief the project’s impact—are mapped onto the four principles of teaching for positive creativity.
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Parker, Sharon, W. C. Shortle, and K. T. Smith. "Identification of gram-positive bacteria isolated from initial stages of wound-initiated discoloration of red maple." Forest Pathology 24, no. 1 (March 1994): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.1994.tb01322.x.
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Marsitin, Retno. "P Pelatihan Grafik Maple dalam Pembelajaran Matematika." Jurnal Pengabdian Barelang 2, no. 02 (July 1, 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33884/jpb.v2i02.1915.
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Nowadays, the mathematics teachers have to implement mathematics learning using technology, especially for vocational mathematics teachers. Technological applications that can be utilized in learning mathematics include maple. Maple is mathematical software that integrates computational capabilities both symbolic and numerical, graphics are very influential to help in solving mathematical problems. The method offered in solving partner problems is by organizing maple graph training and mentoring in applying maple graphics in mathematics learning. The success of this community service activity is supported by some factors, namely: high interest and desire in participating in training activities to completion, interest and support from Singosari PGRI Vocational School as a partner school in maple graph training activities, active involvement so that there is mutual sharing of knowledge about maple graphics. The community service activity with maple graphic training gets a positive response from vocational teachers with an achievement of 93%, the results of the presentation of maple graphics with very good achievements are 87%. This community service activity with maple graphic training for Singosari Vocational School teachers are very useful in adding insight of computer knowledge, especially the use of maple graphics, and fostering creativity and skills in using maple graphics in mathematics learning.
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Beiranvand, Mohammad, and Mojtaba Ghasemi Kamalvand. "Positive Integer Powers of Certain Tridiagonal Matrices and Corresponding Anti-Tridiagonal Matrices." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2022 (July 15, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8445721.
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In this paper, we firstly derive a general expression for the entries of the m th ( m ∈ ℕ ) power for two certain types of tridiagonal matrices of arbitrary order. Secondly, we present a method for computing the positive integer powers of the anti-tridiagonal matrix corresponding to these matrices. Also, we give Maple 18 procedures in order to verify our calculations.
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Zhang, Yin, Gen Sheng Wu, Wei Si, Jing Jie Sha, Lei Liu, and Yun Fei Chen. "Nanopore Positive Pulse Detection of DNA with Salt Gradients." Key Engineering Materials 656-657 (July 2015): 567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.656-657.567.
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Nanopore based sensors have been widely spread utilized for detection and analysis of various single charged molecules. However, collision and trap events also block the ionic current that interferes recording the actually translocation events. In order to resolve the problem, we propose inducing a salt gradient to turn the pulse form negative to positive. And the salt gradients dependence of pulse signals ranging from 1 M (cis & trans) to 1 M (cis) - 4 M (trans) is mapped. Experiment results demonstrate that applying a high salt gradient prolong translocation time 1.5 times and increase molecule capture rate by a fact of 3. It is benefit for nanopore further application.
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Gómez-Manjón, Irene, Ana Moreno-Izquierdo, Sonia Mayo, Marta Moreno-García, Aitor Delmiro, David Escribano, and F. Javier Fernández-Martínez. "Noninvasive Prenatal Testing: Comparison of Two Mappers and Influence in the Diagnostic Yield." BioMed Research International 2018 (June 7, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9498140.
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Objective. The aim of this study was to determine if the use of different mappers for NIPT may vary the results considerably. Methods. Peripheral blood was collected from 217 pregnant women, 58 pathological (34 pregnancies with trisomy 21, 18 with trisomy 18, and 6 with trisomy 13) and 159 euploid. MPS was performed following a manufacturer’s modified protocol of semiconductor sequencing. Obtained reads were mapped with two different software programs: TMAP and HPG-Aligner, comparing the results. Results. Using TMAP, 57 pathological samples were correctly detected (sensitivity 98.28%, specificity 93.08%): 33 samples as trisomy 21 (sensitivity 97.06%, specificity 99.45%), 16 as trisomy 18 (sensibility 88.89%, specificity 93.97%), and 6 as trisomy 13 (sensibility 100%, specificity 100%). 11 false positives, 1 false negative, and 2 samples incorrectly identified were obtained. Using HPG-Aligner, all the 58 pathological samples were correctly identified (sensibility 100%, specificity 96.86%): 34 as trisomy 21 (sensibility 100%, specificity 98.91%), 18 as trisomy 18 (sensibility 100%, specificity 98.99%), and 6 as trisomy 13 (sensibility 100%, specificity 99.53%). 5 false positives were obtained. Conclusion. Different mappers use slightly different algorithms, so the use of one mapper or another with the same batch file can provide different results.
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Reilly, Andrew A., Ronald Bellisario, and Kenneth A. Pass. "Multivariate discrimination for phenylketonuria (PKU) and non-PKU hyperphenylalaninemia after analysis of newborns’ dried blood-spot specimens for six amino acids by ion-exchange chromatography." Clinical Chemistry 44, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/44.2.317.
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Abstract Ion-exchange HPLC was developed for testing dried blood-spot specimens from newborns. The method is suitable for quantitative confirmatory testing of abnormal specimens detected in the New York State Newborn Screening Program. Positive specimens were initially identified among all New York State newborns with semiquantitative bacterial inhibition assays (BIA) for aminoacidopathies, including phenylketonuria (PKU) and non-PKU hyperphenylalaninemia (HP), maple syrup urine disease, and homocystinuria. A selection of 1346 specimens from routine BIA screening, including 131 newborns with PKU or persistent HP, were tested by HPLC. Of 179 BIA results that were falsely positive, 98 (55%) were also falsely positive by HPLC in which the Phe/Tyr ratio was the discriminator and the threshold was set to attain 100% sensitivity. Investigation of three multivariate discriminatory methods revealed that linear discriminant analysis excluded all but 35 (20%) of the BIA false-positives.
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Wek, R. C., M. Ramirez, B. M. Jackson, and A. G. Hinnebusch. "Identification of positive-acting domains in GCN2 protein kinase required for translational activation of GCN4 expression." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 6 (June 1990): 2820–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.6.2820-2831.1990.
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GCN4 is a transcriptional activator of amino acid-biosynthetic genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. GCN2, a translational activator of GCN4 expression, contains a domain homologous to the catalytic subunit of eucaryotic protein kinases. Substitution of a highly conserved lysine residue in the kinase domain abolished GCN2 regulatory function in vivo and its ability to autophosphorylate in vitro, indicating that GCN2 acts as a protein kinase in stimulating GCN4 expression. Elevated GCN2 gene dosage led to derepression of GCN4 under nonstarvation conditions; however, we found that GCN2 mRNA and protein levels did not increase in wild-type cells in response to amino acid starvation. Therefore, it appears that GCN2 protein kinase function is stimulated posttranslationally in amino acid-starved cells. Three dominant-constitutive GCN2 point mutations were isolated that led to derepressed GCN4 expression under nonstarvation conditions. Two of the GCN2(Con) mutations mapped in the kinase domain itself. The third mapped just downstream from a carboxyl-terminal segment homologous to histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS), which we suggested might function to detect uncharged tRNA in amino acid-starved cells and activate the adjacent protein kinase moiety. Deletions and substitutions in the HisRS-related sequences and in the carboxyl-terminal segment in which one of the GCN2(Con) mutation mapped abolished GCN2 positive regulatory function in vivo without lowering autophosphorylation activity in vitro. These results suggest that sequences flanking the GCN2 protein kinase moiety are positive-acting domains required to increase recognition of physiological substrates or lower the requirement for uncharged tRNA to activate kinase activity under conditions of amino acid starvation.
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Wek, R. C., M. Ramirez, B. M. Jackson, and A. G. Hinnebusch. "Identification of positive-acting domains in GCN2 protein kinase required for translational activation of GCN4 expression." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 6 (June 1990): 2820–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.6.2820.
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GCN4 is a transcriptional activator of amino acid-biosynthetic genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. GCN2, a translational activator of GCN4 expression, contains a domain homologous to the catalytic subunit of eucaryotic protein kinases. Substitution of a highly conserved lysine residue in the kinase domain abolished GCN2 regulatory function in vivo and its ability to autophosphorylate in vitro, indicating that GCN2 acts as a protein kinase in stimulating GCN4 expression. Elevated GCN2 gene dosage led to derepression of GCN4 under nonstarvation conditions; however, we found that GCN2 mRNA and protein levels did not increase in wild-type cells in response to amino acid starvation. Therefore, it appears that GCN2 protein kinase function is stimulated posttranslationally in amino acid-starved cells. Three dominant-constitutive GCN2 point mutations were isolated that led to derepressed GCN4 expression under nonstarvation conditions. Two of the GCN2(Con) mutations mapped in the kinase domain itself. The third mapped just downstream from a carboxyl-terminal segment homologous to histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS), which we suggested might function to detect uncharged tRNA in amino acid-starved cells and activate the adjacent protein kinase moiety. Deletions and substitutions in the HisRS-related sequences and in the carboxyl-terminal segment in which one of the GCN2(Con) mutation mapped abolished GCN2 positive regulatory function in vivo without lowering autophosphorylation activity in vitro. These results suggest that sequences flanking the GCN2 protein kinase moiety are positive-acting domains required to increase recognition of physiological substrates or lower the requirement for uncharged tRNA to activate kinase activity under conditions of amino acid starvation.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mappe Positive"
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Liguori, Alexandra Magdalene. "Quantum Markovian dynamics and bipartite entanglement." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3583.
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2008/2009In questa tesi di dottorato si sono studiati i cosiddetti sistemi quantistici aperti, cioè sistemi sici la cui interazione con l'ambiente esterno non può essere trascurata, da due prospettive: da un lato si sono caratterizzate le proprietà del bagno mediante grandezze siche del sottosistema immerso in esso; dall'altro si è studiato l' entanglement, dal punto di vista sia della sua generazione sia della sua evoluzione temporale, in sistemi bipartiti immersi e interagenti con un bagno esterno. La mia tesi di dottorato, Quantum Markovian Dynamics and Bipartite En- tanglement (Dinamica Markoviana quantistica ed entanglement bipartito ) è organizzata nel seguente modo. Nel primo capitolo vengono descritti brevemente i sistemi quantistici composti, con particolare attenzione ai sistemi bipartiti, cioè composti da due sottosistemi. Poi si de niscono stati entangled e separabili (non entangled) e vengono illustrati dei criteri di separabilità basati sulle cosiddette mappe positive non completamente positive. In ne, vengono de nite le misure di entanglement e presentati degli esempi di misure importanti. Nel secondo capitolo vengono descritti i sistemi quantistici aperti: innanzitutto vengono de nite le dinamiche reversibili ed irreversibili; poi vengono derivate la dinanica ridotta di un sistema immerso in un bagno esterno con cui interagisce e la rispettiva master equation, spiegando le principali approssimazioni Markoviane in dettaglio. Si considera, in ne, la derivazione degli stati asintotici, con particolare attenzione ai sistemi a uno o due qubit, che sono di interesse per questa tesi. Il terzo capitolo è dedicato alla determinazione dei parametri fenomenologici della master equation in un particolare sistema quantistico aperto unidimensionale. Questo sistema è costituito da un lo in cui è ssata un'impurezza di spin 1=2 la quale interagisce magneticamente con un elettrone che può propagarsi lungo suddetto lo. L'intero sistema è immerso in un bagno esterno i cui e etti di dissipazione e rumore agiscono solo sul grado di libertà di spin dell'impurezza. Per questo sistema vengono trovate delle espressioni esplicite per i parametri del rumore dovuti all'ambiente in termini delle probabilità di trasmissione e ri essione dell'elettrone, che si possono misurare. Nel quarto capitolo viene descritto il comportamento dell'entanglement in sistemi quantistici aperti: in particolare viene studiato un sistema composto da due qubits e si analizzano sia le condizioni di generazione di entanglement in uno stato inizialmente separabile sia la possibilità che questo entanglement persista nello stato asintotico. In ne, gli ultimi due capitoli trattano esempi espliciti del comportamento dell' entanglement in sistemi quantistici aperti, da un lato, nel Capitolo 5, analizzando la generazione di entanglement, dall'altro, nel Capitolo 6, descrivendo l'evoluzione temporale dell'entanglement e confrontandola con quella dell'entropia. Nel quinto capitolo, viene considerato un sistema bipartito di due qubits immersi in un bagno esterno comune col quale interagiscono debolemente (senza interagire direttamente tra di loro) e viene trovata una condizione necessaria e su ciente a nchè venga generato entanglement, solo tramite l'azione del bagno, in uno stato inizialmente separabile dei due qubits. Poi questa condizione viene generalizzata ad una condizione su ciente per la generazione di entanglement tramite il bagno in sistemi bipartiti di dimensione arbitraria. Nel sesto capitolo, si considera di nuovo un sistema bipartito composto di due qubits immersi in un bagno esterno comune e che evolvono secondo una particolare dinamica dissipativa. In un lavoro precedente era stato congetturato che, per sistemi quantistici aperti senza una Hamiltoniana di interazione esterna, la variazione nel tempo dell' entanglement fosse sempre minore della variazione nel tempo dell'entropia. Quindi, in questo capitolo, si sono studiate le variazioni nel tempo dell'entanglement e dell'entropia per la particolare dinamica dissipativa di nostro interesse. Variando gli stati iniziali del nostro sistema e i parametri del rumore per la nostra evoluzione dissipativa, abbiamo da un lato analizzato il comportamento temporale dell' entanglement e dall'altro paragonato la variazione temporale di quest'ultimo con la variazione temporale dell'entropia. Abbiamo quindi potuto formulare una nuova congettura, basata su una gamma più ampia di esempi: dai nostri risultati si trova che la precedente congettura è veri cata solo se lo stato asintotico della dinamica è separabile, mentre non lo è se lo stato asintotico è entangled.
XXII Ciclo
1981
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Schwemlein, Doug John. "Impacts of burn season and topographic position on the first year response of oak and red maple regeneration to prescribed fire in southern Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392714461.
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Katkus, Kęstutis. "Hibridinis genetinis algoritmas komivojažieriaus uždaviniui." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060606_203011-23232.
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In this work, the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is discussed. The Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for solving the TSP is presented. The traveling salesman problem is formulated as follows: given matrix D=(dij)nxn of distances between n objects and the set P of permutations of the integers from 1 to n, find a permutation p=(p(1), p(2), ..., p(n)) P that minimizes. Many heuristic algorithms can be applied for the TSP. Recently, genetic algorithms (GAs) are among the advanced heuristic techniques for the combinatorial problems, like the TSP. genetic algorithms are based on the biological process of natural selection. The original concepts of GAs were developed in 1970s. Many simulations have demonstrated the efficiency of GAs on different optimization problems, among them, bin–packing, generalized assignment problem, graph partitioning, job–shop scheduling problem, set covering problem, vehicle routing. One of the main operators in GAs is the crossover (i.e. solution recombination). This operator plays a very important role by constructing competitive GAs. In this work, we investigate several crossover operators for the TSP, among them, CX (cycle crossover), PMX (partialy mapped crossover), POS (position based crossover), ER (edge recombination crossover), edge-NN (edge recombination crossover, nearest neighbour) and AP (alternating-positions crossover). Comparison of these crossover operators was performed. The results show high efficiency of the edge-NN, ER and PMX crossovers.
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FRANCESCA, Grassetti. "NONLINEAR DYNAMICS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH. THE INFLUENCE OF ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION BETWEEN INPUT FACTORS AND DIFFERENTIAL SAVINGS PROPENSITIES." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11393/251177.
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Questa tesi analizza le dinamiche qualitative e quantitative del modello di crescita economica Solow-Swan con differenti tassi di risparmio per lavoratori e capitalisti considerando differenti funzioni di produzione, al fine di studiare come le dinamiche di lungo periodo di un’economia sono influenzate dall’elasticità di sostituzione tra i fattori della produzione e da differenti propensioni al risparmio.
Nel primo capitolo è discusso il problema di stabilire una relazione tra elasticità di sostituzione ed i livelli di capitale ed output pro capite quando si considera una funzione di produzione con elasticità di sostituzione variabile. Nel capitolo vengono proposte definizioni di elasticità di sostituzione associata a differenti attrattori ed è introdotto un metodo di misura. L’obiettivo è di comparare modelli dinamici di crescita con funzioni di produzione di tipo VES, sigmoidale o CES. A tal fine, il metodo proposto è applicato al modello di Kaldor considerando una tecnologia VES. Ne emerge che quando le dinamiche sono semplici (convergenza ad un punto fisso), un Paese in cui l’elasticità di sostituzione tra capitale e lavoro è più elevata è caratterizzato da un più alto livello di equilibrio del capitale e dell’output pro capite. Nel caso in cui l’equilibrio di lungo periodo è invece un ciclo o una dinamica più complessa, tale relazione è ambigua.
Nel secondo capitolo è analizzato il modello di Kaldor assumendo che la tecnologia sia descritta dalla funzione di produzione Shifted Cobb-Douglas, una funzione di produzione che, differentemente dalla CES e VES precedentemente considerate in letteratura, permette di analizzare le dinamiche sia delle economie non sviluppate che di quelle in via di sviluppo e delle economie sviluppate. Il modello che ne risulta è descritto da una mappa discontinua con presenza di trappola della povertà. Inoltre fenomeni di multistabilità possono emergere: oltre al “vizioso circolo della povertà”, le dinamiche di lungo periodo possono includere fluttuazioni economiche o convergenza ad un livello positivo di capitale pro capite. Possono inoltre emergere bacini complessi; in tal caso una politica economica finalizzata ad aumentare il capitale pro capite può fallire e l’economia può essere catturata dalla trappola della povertà.
Nell’ultimo capitolo il modello di crescita neoclassico a tempo discreto e con differenti propensioni al risparmio è studiato assumendo la funzione di produzione Kadiala, rilevante dal punto di vista economico per la sua peculiarità di presentare una elasticità di sostituzione simmetrica rispetto al capitale ed al lavoro. Viene mostrato che, se i lavoratori risparmiano più dei capitalisti, il percorso di crescita è limitato ed il limite è indipendente dal tasso di risparmio dei capitalisti. Inoltre, la crescita delle economie non sviluppate è influenzata dal tasso di risparmio dei capitalisti mentre il livello di capitale pro capite delle economie sviluppate è influenzato dalla propensità al risparmio dei lavoratori. Fenomeni di multistabilità possono emergere, pertanto il modello è in grado di spiegare la coesistenza di economie non sviluppate, in via di sviluppo e sviluppate. Fluttuazioni e dinamiche complesse si verificano quando l’elasticità di sostituzione tra i fattori della produzione è minore di uno ed i capitalisti risparmiano più dei lavoratori.
Books on the topic "Mappe Positive"
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Kashirkina, Anna, and Andrey Morozov. Russia, Euroasian economic union and World Trade Organization. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/6432.
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The monograph is the first scientific publication, considering the complex
international legal issues of the integration of rapprochement of the Russian
Federation, Belarus and Kazakhstan after the signing of the Heads of State May
29, 2014 the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union. The monograph is held
international legal analysis of the contractual framework prior Eurasian Economic
Union integration union – Customs Union. The position of the new interstate
integration association – the Eurasian Economic Union – as a subject of public
international law. On the basis of comparative legal analysis mapped international
legal obligations, operating under the World Trade Organization, as well as the
provisions of the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union, including in the areas
of customs regulation, industrial policies, and technical regulation. Give
suggestions and recommendations for improving and promoting the integration
of the former Soviet Union in the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union,
taking into account Russia’s membership in the World Trade Organization, as well
as the possible accession by the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of
Kazakhstan – Russia’s partners in the Eurasian Economic Union.
The monograph focuses on a wide range of readers: researchers and experts
in the field of international law and international relations, employees of public
authorities, business representatives, teachers and law faculties, graduate students,
and all interested in the integration of the modern world.
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Zuccato, Chiara, and Elena Cattaneo. Normal Function of Huntingtin. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199929146.003.0011.
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Huntingtin (HTT) is the 3,144–amino acid protein product of the Huntington’s disease gene (HTT), which can be traced back through 800 million years of evolution. It carries a trinucleotide CAG repeat that encodes polyglutamine (polyQ) at an evolutionarily conserved NH2-terminal position in exon 1. This chapter discusses the discoveries that have mapped the evolutionary history of HTT and the CAG repeat and the critical role of the protein in development as well as its activities in the adult brain. During embryogenesis, HTT is critical for gastrulation, neurulation, and neurogenesis. In the adult brain, HTT acts as an antiapoptotic protein and promotes transcription of neuronal genes and vesicle transport. Subversion or exacerbation of HTT brain function by an abnormally expanded polyQ repeat contributes to neuronal vulnerability in HD and suggests that loss of normal HTT function may be implicated in the disease.
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Olson, Kory. The Cartographic Capital. Liverpool University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786940964.001.0001.
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Through official maps, this book looks at how government presentations of Paris and environs change over the course of the Third Republic (1889-1934). Governmental policies, such as the creation of a mandatory national uniform educational system that will eventually include geography, combined with technological advances in the printing industry, to alter the look, exposure, reception, and distribution of government maps. The government initially seemed to privilege an exclusively positive view of the capital city and limited its presentation of it to land inside the walled fortifications. However, as the Republic progressed and Paris grew, technology altered how Parisians used and understood their urban space. Rail and automobiles made moving about the city and environs easier while increased industrialization moved factories and their workers further out into the Seine Department. During this time, maps transitioned from reflecting the past to documenting the present. With the advent of French urbanism after World War I, official mapped views of greater Paris abandoned privileging past achievements and began to mirror actual residential and industrial development as it pushed further out from the city center. Finally, the government needed to plan for the future of greater Paris and official maps begin to show how the government viewed the direction of its capital city.
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Belamarić, Josip, Dražen Pejković, and Ana Šverko. Istraživanja u urbanističkom planiranju : pedagoška bilježnica vol. 2 = Urban Planning Research : Pedagogical Notebook Vol. 2. Edited by Hrvoje Bartulović, Saša Begović, Dražen Pejković, Ana Šverko, and Ivana Vlaić. University of Split, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesy, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31534/9789536116850.
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The Second Pedagogical Notebook is a continuation of the first ‘notebook’, dedicated to the Urban Planning Research course. The course and the notebook were created by Prof. Ivana Šverko, with the aim of offering students of architecture in Split the basics of urban planning research in a Mediterranean context. The idea behind the pedagogical notebook is to contribute to the recognition of the research phase as an essential starting point in the entire, complicated process of urban planning and design, as well as an understanding of research methodologies in specific spatial and social conditions. One of the ideal real-world templates for realising this goal is Zrinsko- Frankopanska Street, which developed along one of the Split peninsula’s Roman centuriation lines. This street connects the historical southern city harbour with the newer, northern one. Zrinsko-Frankopanska is an exceptionally important city street, and along its length there are a range of buildings dating from the ancient period to the 21st century, with almost every historical period represented. It is here that the most diverse range of public facilities can be found. The students mapped, studied, and analysed this city street, using historical and morphological analysis of spatial connections, greenery, the relationship between the public and the private, the accessible and inaccessible spaces, purpose, urban equipment, and so on. In doing so, they also noted relevant everyday human activities such as disposing of rubbish, as well as things such as the position and content of graffiti. They also included morphography – the description of forms without reference to their sources and development process – in their analytical approach. After the research phase, the students were instructed to target the problems they detected by proposing improvements to the existing elements, or by redesigning them. They were also required to open up the possibility of alternate uses for the space, up to the point in the design process when an architect or designer would usually take over. By presenting the study of a specific segment in this book, we wish to help students consider the complexity of the urban tissue, define the basic urban elements, research development processes, the typological and morphological characteristics of constriction and, ultimately, to identify everything that constitutes the “urban space as a whole”. We wish to guide them so that with their unique knowledge and tools, and their inclusion of all the other relevant professions in the processes of urban planning, they can become architects with sound professional and ethical principles, and develop into a new generation of responsible city-builders.
Book chapters on the topic "Mappe Positive"
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Leskey, Tracy C., David A. J. Teulon, and E. Alan Cameron. "Position and Abundance of Pear Thrips Eggs in Sugar Maple Flowering and Vegetative Buds." In Thrips Biology and Management, 93–95. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1409-5_11.
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Geßner, Felix, Matthias Weigold, and Eberhard Abele. "Investigation on Tool Deflection During Tapping." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 104–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77256-7_10.
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AbstractTapping is a challenging process at the end of the value chain. Hence, tool failure is associated with rejected components or expensive rework. For modelling the tapping process we choose a mechanistic approach. In the present work, we focus on the tool model, which describes the deflection and inclination of the tool as a result of the radial forces during tapping. Since radial forces always occur during tapping due to the uneven load distribution on the individual teeth, the tool model represents an essential part of the entire closed-loop model. Especially in the entry phase of the tap, when the guidance within the already cut thread is not yet given, radial forces can lead to deflection of the tool. Therefore, the effects of geometric uncertainty in the thread geometry are experimentally investigated, using optical surface measurement to evaluate the position of the thread relative to the pre-drilled bore. Based on the findings, the tool deflection during tapping is mapped using a cylindrical cantilever beam model, which is calibrated using experimental data. The model is then validated and the implementation within an existing model framework is described.
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Peirano, María Paz, and Gonzalo Ramírez. "Chilean Film Festivals and Local Audiences: Going Online?" In Rethinking Film Festivals in the Pandemic Era and After, 129–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14171-3_7.
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AbstractThis chapter reviews the impact of the global pandemic of Covid-19 on Chilean film festivals and how this affected their relationship with local audiences. Chilean festivals are small events that exist under precarious conditions, facing different economic and cultural challenges that complicate their stability. After the Chilean estallido (a social outburst in 2019), the current health crisis has further affected their position, due to their cancelation and/or postponement, and most of them have temporarily transformed into online events to ensure their survival. We provide an overview on how Covid-19 has affected festivals in Chile as well as their responses to this crisis, which we understand within a particular context that has been pressuring onsite exhibitions and collective viewing. We mapped and tracked the festivals’ activities throughout 2020 and 2021 and used online ethnographic methods to observe some cases more closely, conducting participant observation of online activities and interviewing festival organizers. As such, the chapter addresses some of the new ways in which film festivals developed to engage with their audiences during the pandemic. We conclude with an emphasis on festivals’ responses as adaptive strategies and poses some questions on the future developments of these events.
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Peperkamp, Lonneke. "A Just and Lasting Peace After War." In Just Peace After Conflict, 48–64. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823285.003.0003.
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While a ‘just and lasting peace’ is the axiomatic goal of a just war, it is not clear what that means exactly. The central question of this chapter is: How should a just war theorist understand peace, insofar that peace is the goal of just war theory, taking into account the theory’s middle position between political realism and moral idealism? In the first part of this chapter, the contemporary debate is mapped and various positions on peace are made explicit. This reveals a shift towards a more positive concept of peace. How far should this shift go? The second part of this chapter places the peace continuum in a lively debate in political philosophy on the role of feasibility constraints in normative theory. This chapter argues that a ‘just and lasting peace’ must be understood as a decent peace that is ‘just enough’.
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Skinner, Lee. "Public Space/Private Discourse." In Gender and the Rhetoric of Modernity in Spanish America, 1850-1910. University Press of Florida, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813062846.003.0002.
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The chapter argues that the notions of public and private, while mapped onto exterior and interior spaces respectively—the street and public institutions vs. the home—are uncontainable within supposedly set parameters. The permeability of the barriers between exterior and interior means that private and public become enmeshed as both positive and negative, sometimes simultaneously. Using Habermas’s concept of private and public spaces, the chapter analyzes the countryside, small villages, and cities represented in, respectively, María by Jorge Isaacs, Aves sin nido by Clorinda Matto de Turner, Martín Rivas by Alberto Blest Gana, and La mestiza by Eligio Ancona and discusses how these authors explore, test, and question the ways in which social norms are mapped onto physical and psychic spaces. As these representations enforce or subvert particular behavioral codes, they also draw attention to the constructed nature of the ways in which human beings possess and use the spaces around them. These novels perpetuate the separation of public and private spaces and the fixed gender roles assigned to each space to encourage the incipient bourgeoisie and its accompanying middle-class ideals. The insistent linkage of gender identity and space results in restrictions on women’s mobility, literal and metaphorical.
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"Research Design and Methodology." In Achieving Peak Sales Performance for Optimal Business Value and Sustainability, 227–72. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1639-3.ch004.
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This chapter presents the research design methodology. It outlines the research process and the philosophical underpinning for this research. It has set out the research problem under investigation and mapped out the various steps that were undertaken. This research adopted a mixed research method approach as the most appropriate and a survey was the most effective instrument in addressing this enquiry of SPP. The philosophical position adopted within this study was one of the pragmatists, which has the capacity to hold different world views and not be constrained by one specific philosophical position. Pragmatists are not committed to one system of philosophy and reality, and researchers are free to choose the methods, techniques, and processes that have the best fit to meet the needs of the research.
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Brown, Carlton. "Research Design and Methodology." In Research Anthology on Innovative Research Methodologies and Utilization Across Multiple Disciplines, 367–99. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3881-7.ch020.
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This chapter presents the research design methodology. It outlines the research process and the philosophical underpinning for this research. It has set out the research problem under investigation and mapped out the various steps that were undertaken. This research adopted a mixed research method approach as the most appropriate and a survey was the most effective instrument in addressing this enquiry of SPP. The philosophical position adopted within this study was one of the pragmatists, which has the capacity to hold different world views and not be constrained by one specific philosophical position. Pragmatists are not committed to one system of philosophy and reality, and researchers are free to choose the methods, techniques, and processes that have the best fit to meet the needs of the research.
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McCall, Thomas H. "Crucified with Christ." In Analytic Christology and the Theological Interpretation of the New Testament, 7–38. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198857495.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 examines the Apostle Paul’s claims to be “crucified with Christ” (Gal. 2:19-20). Engaging with recent apocalyptic interpretations of the text, it offers theological analysis of the current exegetical discussion. The chapter then looks at how metaphysical issues might be mapped onto the current debate in biblical scholarship; here is an evaluation not only various occasionalist strategies but also a modification of Thomas P. Flint’s “Theory of Final Assumptions.” Finally, the chapter proposes a way forward that proceeds through retrieval of an older and oft-overlooked position—that of John Chrysostom.
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Yue, Zhi, and Jon Bryan Burley. "Predictive Models for Reforestation and Agricultural Reclamation: A Clearfield County, Pennsylvania Case Study." In Vegetation Index and Dynamics [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97173.
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Natural resource scientists, concerned citizens, and government officials are interested in reconstructing disturbed environments for reforestation and agricultural productivity. We examined Clearfield County in Pennsylvania, USA, to develop a predictive model to reconstruct the landscape for seven agronomic crops (corn, corn silage, oats, alfalfa hay, red clover, bluegrass, and soybeans) and thirteen woody plants (white cedar, lilac, highbush cranberry, Amur maple, gray dogwood, peashrub, white spruce, white pine, red maple, red pine, jack pine, nannyberry, and white ash). A significant predictive model (p ≤ 0.001) was generated explaining 96.94% of the variance, with percent clay, bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, available water capacity, pH, percent organic matter, percent rock fragments, slope, topographic position, and electrical conductivity explored as main effect terms, plus squared terms, and first order interaction terms. The model is not over-specified and each predictor is significant (p ≤ 0.05). The modeling effort suggests that there are at least several clusters of vegetation preference dimensions based upon the terrain of the landscape. The model provides insight into how to reconstruct the disturbed environment for vegetation in the study area.
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"VR in Higher Education." In Gamification Strategies for Retention, Motivation, and Engagement in Higher Education, 116–44. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2079-6.ch004.
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The purpose of this chapter is to examine VR within education to assess the impact of its ability to apply instructional design principles in the context of virtual reality technology-based instruction. VR can improve learning outcomes from enhancing learning activities to supporting simulation studies and encourage feedback educational tasks. Learner performance will be improved when the gameplay is mapped to gamification and group-based challenges. Due to the diversity of VR, individuals are supported through the educational life cycle via sensory stimuli to improve and enhance cognitive development. Research has shown that VR has changed individual attitudes, cultural beliefs, and context when exploring the new innovative characteristics of these new devices. Virtual reality can enhance and replace reality with digital objects so that learners can instantly enjoy various activities, which make a positive outcome.
Conference papers on the topic "Mappe Positive"
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Nagai, Kana, Titilayo Fasoro, Matthew Spenko, Ron Henderson, and Boris Pervan. "Evaluating GNSS Navigation Availability in 3-D Mapped Urban Environments." In 2020 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plans46316.2020.9109929.
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Ye-qiu, Wang, Lu Ying-hua, Yang Biao, Wang Hai-xia, and Xu Jun. "Analysis on UWB Ambipolar Multi-pulse Position Modulation." In 2007 International Symposium on Microwave, Antenna, Propagation and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communications. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mape.2007.4393439.
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Li Beiming and Guo Lili. "BER Performance of Position Code Parallel Combinatory Spread Spectrum System." In 2007 International Symposium on Microwave, Antenna, Propagation and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communications. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mape.2007.4393450.
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Yan, Xiaofei, Putinun Uawongsuwan, Masuo Murakami, Akihiko Imajo, Yuqiu Yang, and Hiroyuki Hamada. "Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber/Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Hybrid Composites Fabricated by Direct Fiber Feeding Injection Molding Process." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66270.
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This paper mainly discusses the effect of coupling on the tensile properties of glass fiber (GF)/carbon fiber (CF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) hybrid composites which were made through a new injection molding process named direct fiber feeding injection (DFFIM) process. It is mainly divided into two parts which discusses the functional of coupling agent in the composites system, and the different contents of coupling agent (PA6 and MAPP) on the tensile properties of composites. DFFIM progress is a new method that by directly feeding of continuous carbon fiber into the barrel of injection molding machine to make the hybrid composites. The continuous CF roving strands are guided into the vent of devolatilizing unit of injection barrel and fed into the melt by the shearing motion of the screw during plasticization process. By using DFFIM process to make composites, the fiber attrition during extrusion compounding will be eliminated. It is a great improvement in reduction of material cost. And also the cost of reinforcing compounded pellet in the traditional composites market value chain could be lower. Polyamide 6 (PA6), Maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP) or both of them were mixed with pellets during the DFFIM process and PA6 and MAPP were used as coupling agent for CF/GF reinforced PP system. The CF and GF contents in each hybrid composites were tested to analysis the influence of fiber contains on the tensile properties of composites. Usually, better interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix in composites, better tensile properties of composites. So the effect of coupling agent (PA6 and MAPP) on the interfacial bonding between CF and PP in hybrid composites were firstly analyzed. And then the influence different contents of PA6 and MAPP on the tensile properties of GF/PP composites and GF/CF reinforced PP hybrid composites were investigated. It is found that the addition of PA6 did not improve the interfacial bonding but the addition of MAPP has shown a little improvement to the bonding between CF and PP. And when using PA6 and MAPP together as co-coupling agent, the tensile properties of composites has greatly increased. And, there is fiber aggregation in the core layer of the hybrid composites which made by DFFIM process, while there is no such phenomenon happened in the condition of normal injection molding process. It is the main reason that the tensile strength of hybrid composites without coupling agent is weaker than the GF/PP composites. And the tensile modulus of composites would be increased considerably. That is due to the addition of the carbon fiber which has high tensile modulus. In the condition of composites with 1wt.% PA6, the 1wt.% PA6 shows positives effect on tensile properties and while PA6 has negative role when the amount of PA6 has improved. Within a certain range, the larger amount of MAPP in the system of MAPP-PA6 composites, the better on the tensile properties of composites is. And MAPP has positive effect on the tensile properties of composites.
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Leitmann, Miguel G., Marc Fouquet, Jose M. Rebordao, and Tiago Sepulveda. "Attitude and position determination using a star mapper on the small-satellite platform PoSAT-1." In Optical Engineering and Photonics in Aerospace Sensing, edited by Brian J. Horais. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.156649.
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Qin, Yin, Chen Bin, Wang Ying, and Huang Liuhong. "Research on Tracking Arithmetic of Six-stance Electromagnetic Sensitivity Position System." In 2007 International Symposium on Microwave, Antenna, Propagation and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communications. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mape.2007.4393549.
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Wu, Shi-long, and Jing-qing Luo. "Influence of position error on TDOA and FDOA measuring of dual-satellite passive location system." In 2009 3rd IEEE International Symposium on Microwave, Antenna, Propagation and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communications (MAPE 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mape.2009.5355928.
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Fan, Hongmei. "Impact of excitation position and plane spacing on far field radiation of power-ground plane pair." In 2009 3rd IEEE International Symposium on Microwave, Antenna, Propagation and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communications (MAPE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mape.2009.5355738.
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Jensen, A. Skov, and E. Rasmussen. "Invariant processing of optical mapped images with a 1-D electronic correlator." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1988.fdd4.
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A novel implementation of a hybrid optical/electronic recognization system is described. The main concept of the system is an optical mapping of the Fourier transform of an input scene into logpolar coordinates. In the mapped plane both positions, rotations, and sizes are converted into shifts by logpolar mapping. By adding the intensity of the mapped image in two directions, two 1-D signals appear representing an angular and radial image representation of the original image. The 1-D signals are obtained with a cylindrical lens having destroyed the coherence of the mapped image with a rotating ground glass disk. The 1-D signal is detected with a 1024-point linear CCD array and fed to an electronic correlator where the recognition, orientation, and position measurements take place. The advantage of the electronic correlator vs an optical correlator is mainly flexibility. Optimal filter design for a collection of objects to be recognized can relatively easily be done. The performance of the presented system with respect to speed, capacity, and accuracy depends on the data for the input/output devices and on the speed of the electronic correlator. With the technology today it is estimated that one object out of 50–100 possible objects can be recognized with an angular accuracy of <5° and a relative positional accuracy of 5–10% within 0.5 s.
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Barker, C. R., and P. L. Tso. "Characteristic Surfaces for Three Position Function Generation With Planar Four Bar Mechanisms." In ASME 1987 Design Technology Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1987-0072.
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Abstract This paper considers the relationship between the three position function generation problem and the solution space for planar four bar mechanisms. The two infinities of solutions possible are mapped in a plane to determine the locations where particular types of mechanisms occur. It is possible to generate a contour in the mapping plane which joins together all solutions which possess a common characteristic in regard to their link lengths. This same contour can be displayed in the solution space to ascertain the overall characteristics of potential solutions to the design problem. A numerical example is used for illustrative purposes, but the results can be applied to any three position function generation problem.
Reports on the topic "Mappe Positive"
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Zamir, Dani, Steven Tanksley, and Robert Fluhr. Cloning a Fusarium Resistance Gene in Tomato Based on Knowledge of its Map Position. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604934.bard.
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The objectives of this project were to develop the tools and methodologies for positional cloning of genes in tomato and apply them for the cloning a Fusarium resistance gene - I2.. The feasibility of positional cloning of disease resistance genes was demonstrated for Pto which confers resistance to pseudomonas (Martin et al. 1993). The Fusarium resistance gene was mapped genetically and physically and was found to be in close proximity to TG 105 (Segal et al. 1992). To obtain fine mapping of gene I2, and additional target genes in future projects, a high density linkage map was developed (Tanksley et al. 1992; Broun and Tanksley 1993). In addition two permanent mapping populations were constructed: a recombinant inbred (Paran et al. 1995; Zamir et al. 1993) and an introgression line population (Eshed et al. 1992; Eshed and Zamir 1994). Using these resources we determined that the I2 locus shows complete co-segregation, down to a resolution of a few Kb, with SL8 which shows architectural similarity with other plant resistance genes. Transformation and complementation analysis is in progress (Ori et al. in preparation).
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Weller, Joel, Harris Lewin, Micha Ron, George Wiggans, and Paul VanRaden. A Systematic Genome Search for Genes Affecting Economic Traits Dairy Cattle with the Aid of Genetic Markers. United States Department of Agriculture, April 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7695836.bard.
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The objectives were to continue collection of semen for the US dairy bull DNA repository, to conduct a systematic search of the Holstein genome for economically significant economic trait loci (ETL), to develop and refine statistical techniques for the analysis of the data generated, and to confirm significant effects by genotyping daughters i Israel and additional US sons. One-thousand-seventy-six sons of eight US grandsires were genotyped for 174 microsatellites located on all 29 autosomes. ETL were detected for milk production traits on seven chromosomes. ETL for milk and fat yield and fat and protein percentage on BTA3 was mapped to between the markers BL41 and TGLA263. The 95% confidence interval for the ETL affecting fat percentage on BTA14 localized this ETL between the contromere and chromosome position 11 cM. This ETL was verified in the Israeli cattle population by genotyping an independent sample of cows from seven families. The radiation hybrid data for the centromeric region of BTA14 is defined by a single linkage group. Order of Type I genes within this region, CYC-FADK-TG-SQLE, is conserved between human and cattle. Thus, HSA8, the human homologue of BTA14, can be used to identify candidate genes for the ETL.
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Levin, Ilan, John W. Scott, Moshe Lapidot, and Moshe Reuveni. Fine mapping, functional analysis and pyramiding of genes controlling begomovirus resistance in tomato. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7594406.bard.
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Abstract. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a monopartitebegomovirus, is one of the most devastating viruses of cultivated tomatoes and poses increasing threat to tomato production worldwide. Because all accessions of the cultivated tomato are susceptible to these viruses, wild tomato species have become a valuable resource of resistance genes. QTL controlling resistance to TYLCV and other begomoviruses (Ty loci) were introgressed from several wild tomato species and mapped to the tomato genome. Additionally, a non-isogenic F₁diallel study demonstrated that several of these resistance sources may interact with each other, and in some cases generate hybrid plants displaying lower symptoms and higher fruit yield compared to their parental lines, while their respective resistance genes are not necessarily allelic. This suggests that pyramiding genes originating from different resistance sources can be effective in obtaining lines and cultivars which are highly resistant to begomoviruses. Molecular tools needed to test this hypothesis have been developed by our labs and can thus significantly improve our understanding of the mechanisms of begomovirus resistance and how to efficiently exploit them to develop wider and more durable resistance. Five non-allelic Ty loci with relatively major effects have been mapped to the tomato genome using molecular DNA markers, thereby establishing tools for efficient marker assisted selection, pyramiding of multiple genes, and map based gene cloning: Ty-1, Ty-2, Ty-3, Ty-4, and ty-5. This research focused on Ty-3 and Ty-4 due to their broad range of resistance to different begomoviruses, including ToMoV, and on ty-5 due to its exceptionally high level of resistance to TYLCV and other begomoviruses. Our aims were: (1) clone Ty-3, and fine map Ty-4 and Ty-5 genes, (2)introgress each gene into two backgroundsand develop semi isogenic lines harboring all possible combinations of the three genes while minimizing linkage-drag, (3) test the resulting lines, and F₁ hybrids made with them, for symptom severity and yield components, and (4) identify and functionally characterize candidate genes that map to chromosomal segments which harbor the resistance loci. During the course of this research we have: (1) found that the allelic Ty-1 and Ty-3 represent two alternative alleles of the gene coding DFDGD-RDRP; (2) found that ty-5is highly likely encoded by the messenger RNA surveillance factor PELOTA (validation is at progress with positive results); (3) continued the map-based cloning of Ty-4; (4) generated all possible gene combinations among Ty-1, Ty-3 and ty-5, including their F₁ counterparts, and tested them for TYLCV and ToMoV resistance; (5) found that the symptomless line TY172, carrying ty-5, also carries a novel allele of Ty-1 (termed Ty-1ⱽ). The main scientific and agricultural implications of this research are as follows: (1) We have developed recombination free DNA markers that will substantially facilitate the introgression of Ty-1, Ty-3 and ty-5 as well as their combinations; (2) We have identified the genes controlling TYLCV resistance at the Ty-1/Ty-3 and ty-5 loci, thus enabling an in-depth analyses of the mechanisms that facilitate begomovirus resistance; (3) Pyramiding of Ty resistance loci is highly effective in providing significantly higher TYLCV resistance.
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Dubcovsky, Jorge, Tzion Fahima, and Ann Blechl. Positional cloning of a gene responsible for high grain protein content in tetraploid wheat. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7695875.bard.
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High Grain Protein Content (GPC) is a desirable trait in breadmaking and pasta wheat varieties because of its positive effects on quality and nutritional value. However, selection for GPC is limited by our poor understanding of the genes involved in the accumulation of protein in the grain. The long-term goal of this project is to provide a better understanding of the genes controlling GPC in wheat. The specific objectives of this project were: a) to develop a high-density genetic map of the GPC gene in tetraploid wheat, b) to construct a T. turgidum Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) library, c) to construct a physical map of the GPC gene and identify a candidate for the GPC gene. A gene with a large effect on GPC was detected in Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides and was previously mapped in the short arm of chromosome 6B. To define better the position of the Gpc-B1 locus we developed homozygous recombinant lines with recombination events within the QTL region. Except for the 30-cM region of the QTL these RSLs were isogenic for the rest of the genome minimizing the genetic variability. To minimize the environmental variability the RSLs were characterized using 10 replications in field experiments organized in a Randomized Complete Block Design, which were repeated three times. Using this strategy, we were able to map this QTL as a single Mendelian locus (Gpc-B1) on a 2.6-cM region flanked by RFLP markers Xcdo365 and Xucw67. All three experiments showed that the lines carrying the DIC allele had an average absolute increase in GPC of 14 g/kg. Using the RFLP flanking markers, we established the microcolinearity between a 2.l-cM region including the Gpc-B1 gene in wheat chromosome 6BS and a 350-kb region on rice chromosome 2. Rice genes from this region were used to screen the Triticeae EST collection, and these ESTs were used to saturate the Gpc-B1 region with molecular markers. With these new markers we were able to map the Gpc-B1 locus within a 0.3-cM region flanked by PCR markers Xucw83 and Xucw71. These flanking markers defined a 36-kb colinear region with rice, including one gene that is a potential candidate for the Gpc-B1 gene. To develop a physical map of the Gpc-B1 region in wheat we first constructed a BAC library of tetraploid wheat, from RSL#65 including the high Gpc-B1 allele. We generated half- million clones with an average size of l3l-kb (5.1 X genome equivalents for each of the two genomes). This coverage provides a 99.4% probability of recovering any gene from durum wheat. We used the Gpc-BI flanking markers to screen this BAC library and then completed the physical map by chromosome walking. The physical map included two overlapping BACs covering a region of approximately 250-kb, including two flanking markers and the Gpc-B1 gene. Efforts are underway to sequence these two BACs to determine if additional wheat genes are present in this region. Weare also developing new RSLs to further dissect this region. We developed PCR markers for flanking loci Xucw79andXucw71 to facilitate the introgression of this gene in commercial varieties by marker assisted selection (httQ://maswheat.ucdavis.edu/ orotocols/HGPC/index.hlm). Using these markers we introgressed the Gpc-B1 gene in numerous pasta and common wheat breeding lines.
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de Caritat, Patrice, Brent McInnes, and Stephen Rowins. Towards a heavy mineral map of the Australian continent: a feasibility study. Geoscience Australia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2020.031.
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Heavy minerals (HMs) are minerals with a specific gravity greater than 2.9 g/cm3. They are commonly highly resistant to physical and chemical weathering, and therefore persist in sediments as lasting indicators of the (former) presence of the rocks they formed in. The presence/absence of certain HMs, their associations with other HMs, their concentration levels, and the geochemical patterns they form in maps or 3D models can be indicative of geological processes that contributed to their formation. Furthermore trace element and isotopic analyses of HMs have been used to vector to mineralisation or constrain timing of geological processes. The positive role of HMs in mineral exploration is well established in other countries, but comparatively little understood in Australia. Here we present the results of a pilot project that was designed to establish, test and assess a workflow to produce a HM map (or atlas of maps) and dataset for Australia. This would represent a critical step in the ability to detect anomalous HM patterns as it would establish the background HM characteristics (i.e., unrelated to mineralisation). Further the extremely rich dataset produced would be a valuable input into any future machine learning/big data-based prospectivity analysis. The pilot project consisted in selecting ten sites from the National Geochemical Survey of Australia (NGSA) and separating and analysing the HM contents from the 75-430 µm grain-size fraction of the top (0-10 cm depth) sediment samples. A workflow was established and tested based on the density separation of the HM-rich phase by combining a shake table and the use of dense liquids. The automated mineralogy quantification was performed on a TESCAN® Integrated Mineral Analyser (TIMA) that identified and mapped thousands of grains in a matter of minutes for each sample. The results indicated that: (1) the NGSA samples are appropriate for HM analysis; (2) over 40 HMs were effectively identified and quantified using TIMA automated quantitative mineralogy; (3) the resultant HMs’ mineralogy is consistent with the samples’ bulk geochemistry and regional geological setting; and (4) the HM makeup of the NGSA samples varied across the country, as shown by the mineral mounts and preliminary maps. Based on these observations, HM mapping of the continent using NGSA samples will likely result in coherent and interpretable geological patterns relating to bedrock lithology, metamorphic grade, degree of alteration and mineralisation. It could assist in geological investigations especially where outcrop is minimal, challenging to correctly attribute due to extensive weathering, or simply difficult to access. It is believed that a continental-scale HM atlas for Australia could assist in derisking mineral exploration and lead to investment, e.g., via tenement uptake, exploration, discovery and ultimately exploitation. As some HMs are hosts for technology critical elements such as rare earth elements, their systematic and internally consistent quantification and mapping could lead to resource discovery essential for a more sustainable, lower-carbon economy.
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Dick, Warren, Yona Chen, and Maurice Watson. Improving nutrient availability in alkaline coal combustion by-products amended with composted animal manures. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7587240.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Hypothesis and Objectives: We hypothesized that coal combustion products (CCPs), including those created during scrubbing of sulfur dioxide from flue gases, can be used alone or mixed with composted animal manures as effective growth media for plants. Our specific objectives were, therefore, to (1) measure the chemical, physical and hydraulic properties of source materials and prepared mixes, (2) determine the optimum design mix of CCPs and composted animal manures for growth of plants, (3) evaluate the leachate water quality and plant uptake of selected elements from prepared mixes, (4) quantify the interaction between composted animal manures and B concentrations in the mixes, (5) study the availability of P to plants growing in the mixes, and (6) determine the microbial community and siderophores involved in the solubilization of Fe and its transfer to plants. Background: In recent years a major expansion of electricity production by coal combustion has taken place in Israel, the United States and the rest of the world. As a result, a large amount of CCPs are created that include bottom ash, fly ash, flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum and other combustion products. In Israel 100,000 tons of fly ash (10% of total CCPs) are produced each year and in the US a total of 123 million tons of CCPs are produced each year with 71 million tons of fly ash, 18 million tons of bottom ash and 12 million tons of FGD gypsum. Many new scrubbers are being installed and will come on-line in the next 2 to 10 years and this will greatly expand the amount of FGD gypsum. One of the main substrates used in Israel for growth media is volcanic ash (scoria; tuff). The resemblance of bottom coal ash to tuff led us to the assumption that it is possible to substitute tuff with bottom ash. Similarly, bottom ash and FGD gypsum were considered excellent materials for creating growth mixes for agricultural and nursery production uses. In the experiments conducted, bottom ash was studied in Israel and bottom ash, fly ash and FGD gypsum was studied in the US. Major Achievements: In the US, mixes were tested that combine bottom ash, organic amendments (i.e. composts) and FGD gypsum and the best mixes supported growth of tomato, wheat and marigolds that were equal to or better than two commercial mixes used as a positive control. Plants grown on bottom ash in Israel also performed very well and microelements and radionuclides analyses conducted on plants grown on bottom coal ash proved it is safe to ingest the edible organs of these plants. According to these findings, approval to use bottom coal ash for growing vegetables and fruits was issued by the Israeli Ministry of Health. Implications: Bottom coal ash is a suitable substitute for volcanic ash (scoria; tuff) obtained from the Golan Heights as a growth medium in Israel. Recycling of bottom coal ash is more environmentally sustainable than mining a nonrenewable resource. The use of mixes containing CCPs was shown feasible for growing plants in the United States and is now being evaluated at a commercial nursery where red sunset maple trees are being grown in a pot-in-pot production system. In addition, because of the large amount of FGD gypsum that will become available, its use for production of agronomic crops is being expanded due to success of this study.
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Dick, Warren, Yona Chen, and Maurice Watson. Improving nutrient availability in alkaline coal combustion by-products amended with composted animal manures. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695883.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Hypothesis and Objectives: We hypothesized that coal combustion products (CCPs), including those created during scrubbing of sulfur dioxide from flue gases, can be used alone or mixed with composted animal manures as effective growth media for plants. Our specific objectives were, therefore, to (1) measure the chemical, physical and hydraulic properties of source materials and prepared mixes, (2) determine the optimum design mix of CCPs and composted animal manures for growth of plants, (3) evaluate the leachate water quality and plant uptake of selected elements from prepared mixes, (4) quantify the interaction between composted animal manures and B concentrations in the mixes, (5) study the availability of P to plants growing in the mixes, and (6) determine the microbial community and siderophores involved in the solubilization of Fe and its transfer to plants. Background: In recent years a major expansion of electricity production by coal combustion has taken place in Israel, the United States and the rest of the world. As a result, a large amount of CCPs are created that include bottom ash, fly ash, flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum and other combustion products. In Israel 100,000 tons of fly ash (10% of total CCPs) are produced each year and in the US a total of 123 million tons of CCPs are produced each year with 71 million tons of fly ash, 18 million tons of bottom ash and 12 million tons of FGD gypsum. Many new scrubbers are being installed and will come on-line in the next 2 to 10 years and this will greatly expand the amount of FGD gypsum. One of the main substrates used in Israel for growth media is volcanic ash (scoria; tuff). The resemblance of bottom coal ash to tuff led us to the assumption that it is possible to substitute tuff with bottom ash. Similarly, bottom ash and FGD gypsum were considered excellent materials for creating growth mixes for agricultural and nursery production uses. In the experiments conducted, bottom ash was studied in Israel and bottom ash, fly ash and FGD gypsum was studied in the US. Major Achievements: In the US, mixes were tested that combine bottom ash, organic amendments (i.e. composts) and FGD gypsum and the best mixes supported growth of tomato, wheat and marigolds that were equal to or better than two commercial mixes used as a positive control. Plants grown on bottom ash in Israel also performed very well and microelements and radionuclides analyses conducted on plants grown on bottom coal ash proved it is safe to ingest the edible organs of these plants. According to these findings, approval to use bottom coal ash for growing vegetables and fruits was issued by the Israeli Ministry of Health. Implications: Bottom coal ash is a suitable substitute for volcanic ash (scoria; tuff) obtained from the Golan Heights as a growth medium in Israel. Recycling of bottom coal ash is more environmentally sustainable than mining a nonrenewable resource. The use of mixes containing CCPs was shown feasible for growing plants in the United States and is now being evaluated at a commercial nursery where red sunset maple trees are being grown in a pot-in-pot production system. In addition, because of the large amount of FGD gypsum that will become available, its use for production of agronomic crops is being expanded due to success of this study.
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Gur, Amit, Edward Buckler, Joseph Burger, Yaakov Tadmor, and Iftach Klapp. Characterization of genetic variation and yield heterosis in Cucumis melo. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7600047.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Project objectives: 1) Characterization of variation for yield heterosis in melon using Half-Diallele (HDA) design. 2) Development and implementation of image-based yield phenotyping in melon. 3) Characterization of genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional variation across 25 founder lines and selected hybrids. The epigentic part of this objective was modified during the course of the project: instead of characterization of chromatin structure in a single melon line through genome-wide mapping of nucleosomes using MNase-seq approach, we took advantage of rapid advancements in single-molecule sequencing and shifted the focus to Nanoporelong-read sequencing of all 25 founder lines. This analysis provides invaluable information on genome-wide structural variation across our diversity 4) Integrated analyses and development of prediction models Agricultural heterosis relates to hybrids that outperform their inbred parents for yield. First generation (F1) hybrids are produced in many crop species and it is estimated that heterosis increases yield by 15-30% globally. Melon (Cucumismelo) is an economically important species of The Cucurbitaceae family and is among the most important fleshy fruits for fresh consumption Worldwide. The major goal of this project was to explore the patterns and magnitude of yield heterosis in melon and link it to whole genome sequence variation. A core subset of 25 diverse lines was selected from the Newe-Yaar melon diversity panel for whole-genome re-sequencing (WGS) and test-crosses, to produce structured half-diallele design of 300 F1 hybrids (MelHDA25). Yield variation was measured in replicated yield trials at the whole-plant and at the rootstock levels (through a common-scion grafted experiments), across the F1s and parental lines. As part of this project we also developed an algorithmic pipeline for detection and yield estimation of melons from aerial-images, towards future implementation of such high throughput, cost-effective method for remote yield evaluation in open-field melons. We found extensive, highly heritable root-derived yield variation across the diallele population that was characterized by prominent best-parent heterosis (BPH), where hybrids rootstocks outperformed their parents by 38% and 56 % under optimal irrigation and drought- stress, respectively. Through integration of the genotypic data (~4,000,000 SNPs) and yield analyses we show that root-derived hybrids yield is independent of parental genetic distance. However, we mapped novel root-derived yield QTLs through genome-wide association (GWA) analysis and a multi-QTLs model explained more than 45% of the hybrids yield variation, providing a potential route for marker-assisted hybrid rootstock breeding. Four selected hybrid rootstocks are further studied under multiple scion varieties and their validated positive effect on yield performance is now leading to ongoing evaluation of their commercial potential. On the genomic level, this project resulted in 3 layers of data: 1) whole-genome short-read Illumina sequencing (30X) of the 25 founder lines provided us with 25 genome alignments and high-density melon HapMap that is already shown to be an effective resource for QTL annotation and candidate gene analysis in melon. 2) fast advancements in long-read single-molecule sequencing allowed us to shift focus towards this technology and generate ~50X Nanoporesequencing of the 25 founders which in combination with the short-read data now enable de novo assembly of the 25 genomes that will soon lead to construction of the first melon pan-genome. 3) Transcriptomic (3' RNA-Seq) analysis of several selected hybrids and their parents provide preliminary information on differentially expressed genes that can be further used to explain the root-derived yield variation. Taken together, this project expanded our view on yield heterosis in melon with novel specific insights on root-derived yield heterosis. To our knowledge, thus far this is the largest systematic genetic analysis of rootstock effects on yield heterosis in cucurbits or any other crop plant, and our results are now translated into potential breeding applications. The genomic resources that were developed as part of this project are putting melon in the forefront of genomic research and will continue to be useful tool for the cucurbits community in years to come.