Journal articles on the topic 'Manufacturing processes Australia'
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Morrison, Philip S. "Migrants, manufacturing and metropolitan labour markets in Australia." Australian Geographer 21, no. 2 (November 1990): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049189008703011.
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Sandu, Nitirajsingh, and Ergun Gide. "Investigation of challenges and opportunities for the adoption of cloud-based Internet of things (IoT) in Australian agricultural SME." Global Journal of Information Technology: Emerging Technologies 7, no. 3 (December 24, 2017): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjit.v7i3.2833.
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Increasing adoption of the Internet of things (IoT) is bringing revolutionary changes in the agricultural, manufacturing, retailing and finance industries, as they improve the existing business processes and reduce cost. IoT is seen as a powerful tool for agricultural SMEs in Australia, with the potential to transform farming and food production into a smart web of interconnected objects and, thus, improve the general productivity and sustainability of the food chain. However, as some of the innovative solutions may need to store the data locally on the device, and mostly on the cloud, it raises serious privacy and regulatory concerns. This paper used a pilot online survey to investigate the challenges and opportunities for adoption of IoT for Australian SMEs in agriculture and it is expected that it will help application and solution providers to address any issues that may arise in the Australian scenario.
Keywords: Internet of things, cloud systems, small-to-medium enterprises, adoption issue, agriculture, Australia.
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Hinal Patel, Albert Wertheimer, and Qian Ding. "Comparison of Drug Withdrawal Processes in the U.S. and Other Nations." INNOVATIONS in pharmacy 12, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/iip.v12i3.3939.
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Medications have been withdrawn from as early as the 1900’s in several countries due to a variety of reasons. Most drugs have been withdrawn due to safety, efficacy, manufacturing issues, or the toxicities they address. While safety and efficacy of each new drug is taken into account, so is the process of drug withdrawal. Worldwide each country has its own medical agency which have different approaches on drug discovery and method of removal from the market. This removal process is simpler in several nations while more prolonged in others. Nevertheless, we still don’t know an effective method of drug removal from the market and therefore that is the focus of this paper. This paper explores the drug withdrawal process in several countries due to hepatic and cardiovascular toxicities using the WITHDRAWN database. It also summarizes and compares the drug removal processes in the U.S., Australia, UK, EU, and Canada. Consequently, there was no data or evidence that supported one country more favorable or rapid than the other. However, based on the results from drug withdrawal processes, it appeared the U.S., UK, and EU were most comparable. Meanwhile, Australia appeared to have the lengthiest process.
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Morkel, André, and John Syme. "THE ELECTRONICS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA: TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION IN A MIDDLE ECONOMY." Prometheus 4, no. 1 (June 1986): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08109028608629588.
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Ben-Tovim, David I., Jane E. Bassham, Denise Bolch, Margaret A. Martin, Melissa Dougherty, and Michael Szwarcbord. "Lean thinking across a hospital: redesigning care at the Flinders Medical Centre." Australian Health Review 31, no. 1 (2007): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah070010.
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Lean thinking is a method for organising complex production processes so as to encourage flow and reduce waste. While the principles of lean thinking were developed in the manufacturing sector, there is increasing interest in its application in health care. This case history documents the introduction and development of Redesigning Care, a lean thinking-based program to redesign care processes across a teaching general hospital. Redesigning Care has produced substantial benefits over the first two-and-a-half years of its implementation, making care both safer and more accessible. Redesigning Care has not been aimed at changing the specifics of clinical practice. Rather, it has been concerned with improving the flow of patients through clinical and other systems. Concepts that emerged in the manufacturing sector have been readily translatable into health care. Lean thinking may play an important role in the reform of health care in Australia and elsewhere.
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Wilson, Arron, Joel B. Johnson, Ryan Batley, Pawan Lal, Lara Wakeling, and Mani Naiker. "Authentication Using Volatile Composition: A Proof-of-Concept Study on the Volatile Profiles of Fourteen Queensland Ciders." Beverages 7, no. 2 (May 25, 2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages7020028.
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Although relatively small, the Australian cider industry has experienced significant growth in recent years. One of the current challenges in the industry is the lack of research specific to Australian ciders. Establishing baseline volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles of Australian cider is paramount to developing a better understanding of the industry. This understanding may ultimately be utilized for both the categorization and authentication of existing ciders, and the targeted modification of cider volatiles for the development and improvement of cider quality. This study utilized gas chromatography, coupled with mass spectrometry, to identify key VOCs present in 14 ciders sourced from four different manufacturers in Queensland, Australia. A total of 40 VOCs were identified across the ciders, with significant variation depending on the flavor and manufacturer. Principal component analysis indicated that the ciders were well-separated based on the manufacturer, supporting the prospect of using the volatile composition to discriminate between cider manufacturers. Furthermore, hierarchical cluster analysis highlighted the commonalities and differences in cider composition between different manufacturers, which may be indicative of the varying ingredients and manufacturing processes used to create the ciders. Future studies profiling the volatile composition of larger numbers of Australian ciders are recommended to support the use of this analytical technique for authentication purposes. Likewise, exploration of the relationship between specific processes and VOCs is recommended to fortify an understanding of how to optimize cider production to improve consumer satisfaction.
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Danej, Meghna, Ronak Dedania, Sanket Gandhi, Juhi Randeria, and Kankrej Gaurav. "Regulatory requirements for Drug master file in context to Canada and Australia." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 6, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v6i2.236.
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Drug Master Files are required in most countries as supporting documents for the registration of drug products. DMFs generally contain information pertaining to the chemistry, manufacturing and controls (CMC) sections of the drug submission and reflect the drug’s identity, strength, purity and quality. Canada and Australia which are consider as highly regulated markets (HRMs). In CANADA, DMF filing was done through New Drug Submission (NDS) for both drugs and biologic products. They use MF terminology for DMF which contain four types of MASTER FILE- ASMFs, CCS MFs, Excipient MFs, Drug product MFs. In AUSTRALIA different application processes and regulatory requirements apply depending on the type of therapeutic goods that is applied. They consist of eight phase for DMF registration. Where EU guidelines adopted in Australia include references to EU legislation. Now from 2016 onwards most of the regulated countries will use eCTD or their electronic format for their DMF submission. Compare DMF regulatory requirements in the above-mentioned countries so that reader can have clear idea on how to file DMF.
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Langston, Craig, and Weiwei Zhang. "DfMA: Towards an Integrated Strategy for a More Productive and Sustainable Construction Industry in Australia." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 17, 2021): 9219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169219.
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Design for manufacture and assembly (DfMA) is an important part of the future of the construction industry due to the promise of speed of project delivery, quality control, worker safety, and waste minimization onsite via the purposeful design for manufacture and assembly offsite. However, the adoption of DfMA in Australia has been slow. This paper investigates the barriers prohibiting widespread uptake and how digital construction will be a catalyst for improving use on commercial-scale projects. A total of six leading experts were interviewed to elicit their opinions, and seven recent case studies of high-rise modular apartment and hotel buildings constructed by Hickory were cross-referenced as evidence of DfMA capability. The experts suggested that the reasons for slow adoption in Australia were community mindset, government regulations and incentives, planning and building codes, unionization and business politics, finance, and supply chain management. The case studies suggest that compatible building type and transportation distance are also factors. These barriers can be addressed by the clever integration of building information modelling tools with lean construction processes as part of a proposed strategy leading to smarter (more productive) and better (more sustainable) outcomes predicated on growth in digital construction practices. The paper concludes with a proposed framework for change that conceptualizes the ‘ecosystem’ needed to support widespread DfMA in the Australian context, including the paradigm shift from building to manufacturing/assembly, the displacement of workers from onsite to offsite activity, and the expansion of interdisciplinary design and construct collaboration.
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WIJEWARDENA, HEMA, and ANURA DE ZOYSA. "THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL PLANNING AND CONTROL ON PERFORMANCE OF SMEs IN AUSTRIALIA." Journal of Enterprising Culture 09, no. 04 (December 2001): 353–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495801000195.
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Although there has been some discussion in the academic literature on the relationship between planning and performance of small and medium enterprises(SMEs), no prior research has attempted to capture the control aspect of planning and its possible impact on performance. Furthermore, most of the studies on this aspect have been concentrating on long-range strategic planning with little attention being devoted to financial planning based on annual budgeting. Therefore, based on the results of a study involving a questionnaire survey of budgetting and budgetary control processes of 473 manufacturing SMEs in Australia, this paper attempts to provide an analysis of the impact of both financial planning and control of the sample firms on their performance. The results reveal that greater comprehensiveness in both financial plannig and control processes leads to higher sales performance of these firms.
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Purves, Nigel, and Scott J. Niblock. "Predictors of corporate survival in the US and Australia: an exploratory case study." Journal of Strategy and Management 11, no. 3 (August 20, 2018): 351–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsma-06-2017-0044.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship of financial ratios and non-financial factors of successful and failed corporations in the USA. Specifically, the authors provide evidence on whether financial ratios and non-financial factors can be jointly included as indicators to improve the predictive capacity of organisational success or failure in different countries and sectors. Design/methodology/approach The paper utilises a mixed method exploratory case study focussing on listed corporations in the US and Australian manufacturing, agriculture, finance and property sectors. Findings The financial ratio findings demonstrate that (with the exception of the failed Australian manufacturing sector) the integrated multi-measure (IMM) ratio approach consistently provides a higher classification rate for the failed and successful groups than those provided by an individual measure. In all cases the IMM method scored higher for US companies (with the exception of the failed Australian property sector). The findings also show that irrespective of the country location or sector, non-financial factors such as board composition and managements’ involvement in organisational strategy impact on a corporation’s success or failure. Practical implications The findings reveal that non-financial factors occur prior to financial ratios when attempting to predict organisational success or failure and the IMM approach enables a more thorough examination of the predictive ability of financial ratios for US and Australian organisations. This intuitively indicates that when combined with financial ratios, non-financial factors may be a useful predictor of corporate success or failure across countries and sectors. Originality/value Sound internal processes and the identification of both financial ratios and non-financial factors can be utilised to improve the reliability of financial failure models, enable corrective and preventative steps to be implemented by management and potentially reduce the costs of failure for US and Australian organisations.
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Lin, Rene, Don Amila Sajeevan Samarasinghe, and Funmilayo Ebun Rotimi. "Development of a framework for quality assurance of off-site manufactured building components: A case study of the New Zealand housing sector." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1101, no. 4 (November 1, 2022): 042006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1101/4/042006.
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Abstract A shortage of housing is a prominent issue across the globe. Traditional on-site construction methods seem too inefficient to meet the increasing housing demand. As a solution, many countries, including the United States, Germany, Singapore, Japan, Hong Kong and Australia, have introduced off-site manufacturing methods to increase the housing supply. Different from the traditional way of on-site construction, off-site manufacturing is a technique that involves manufacturing building components in a controlled environment. Despite strong government support and industry attempts to increase off-site manufacturing, the current building consenting and inspection processes in New Zealand have significant quality-related issues. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the gaps in current quality assurance processes used in off-site manufacturing and recommend a framework in order to gain credibility and the acceptance of the construction market. The study collected qualitative data from industry experts (e.g., developers, architects, engineers, project managers, quantity surveyors, head contractors and council officers) who had significant experience in current quality assurance regimes in New Zealand prefabrication construction. The key themes for designing the proposed framework were generated using content analysis of the primary data collected from semi-structured interviews with industry experts. The study has found that standardisation in off-shore products regarding the New Zealand Building Code remains the biggest challenge in the consenting process. Quality assurance and inspection test plans are the developer’s responsibility and are typically provided by third-party inspectors. In this post-Covid-19 world-building, consent authorities rely heavily on third-party inspection companies that apply more rigorous auditing. Essentially, the most important parts of quality assurance are to have an experienced team and to adopt a holistic approach by engaging stakeholders early in the design stage. The stakeholders should consider recommendations for mandatory after-service insurance to ensure end-customer interests are protected. The findings of this study can contribute to the early engagement of different stakeholders to ensure overseas manufacturing of building components meets New Zealand quality standards. It is expected that the new quality assurance framework would help to promote off-site manufacturing for the New Zealand housing sector.
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Maghsoudi, Soroush, Colin Duffield, and David Wilson. "Innovation in infrastructure projects: an Australian perspective." International Journal of Innovation Science 8, no. 2 (June 6, 2016): 113–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijis-06-2016-008.
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Purpose Unlike manufacturing and research and developments, major infrastructure projects rarely emphasize or drive their objectives on the basis of innovation. This is in part because of a risk-averse culture, yet conceivably great benefits and opportunities are being lost because of this behavior. Design/methodology/approach The case for focusing on innovation in infrastructure projects is that the reasons driving innovation are not fully understood, and this impedes the effective implementation of lessons learned for the numerous innovative projects into practice more generally. The purpose of this study was to discover how innovation is produced and captured in major infrastructure projects in Australia and to understand how innovation may be replicated for future projects through refinement of design, project management, finance and procurement. Findings Engineering and project managers may find this paper helpful to better understand how innovation might happen in infrastructure projects and what different forms it can take. Originality/value The findings of this study demonstrate that people and culture drive consistent successful infrastructure outcomes more than simply the development of new products or processes.
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Brejzek, Thea, and Lawrence Paul Wallen. "The IKEA x UTS Future Living Lab as a Learning Laboratory." Interiority 4, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/in.v4i1.94.
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This article introduces the IKEA x UTS Future Living Lab, a design research collaboration between IKEA Australia and the University of Technology Sydney (UTS), founded in 2018. Authored by the Lab's two directors, the article traces the pedagogical and methodological approach of the IKEA x UTS Future Living Lab. Situated within the Educational Design Research (EDR) discourse, this article demonstrates the development of a productive dialogue between two contrary operating principles: that of infinite creativity afforded to design students, and that of rigorous design development towards mass manufacturing and market distribution by a major global player in the design industry. This article outlines how co-creation principles as practised by IKEA and peer-critique as a long-established pedagogical design school tool accelerate students' understanding of the complex processes involved in contemporary design and provide “real world” experiences in the production of design concepts and outcomes.
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Britz, Margaret. "A tribute to Professor Arnold L Demain – a lifetime in industrial microbiology." Microbiology Australia 31, no. 2 (2010): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma10097.
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Professor Arnold (Arny) Lester Demain is one of the few scientists who have witnessed the progress of biotechnology in a career that has spanned almost 60 years. He is one of the world?s leading industrial microbiologists who has pioneered discovery in genetic and nutritional regulation of biosynthetic pathways leading to overproduction of a suite of primary and secondary metabolites, and their subsequent scale-up in manufacturing processes. These metabolites have huge economic value due to their application in the food, pharmaceutical and agricultural sectors. In this article, Arny?s story is summarised and put in context of the changing face of biotechnology in the various ?golden ages? of biotechnology. A former Rubbo Orator in 1979, Arny will be visiting Australia again in 2010 to present the closing plenary address at the Genetics of Industrial Microorganisms Symposium (GIMS) in Melbourne, a role he played before at the first GIMS in 1970.
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Bayoumi, Seif, Mohamed Hamdy, Mohamed M. Abo Elazm, and Mohamed Fahmy M. Shehadeh. "Development of submarine cable hydrodynamic loads calculation program using MATLAB." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 2 (February 2020): 168781402090608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814020906080.
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A MATLAB program was developed to estimate the hydrodynamic forces due to wave and current on an un-trenched submarine cable of diameter 9 in resting at the bottom of a 14-m depth sea, utilizing the Fourier decomposition method. The aim of this part of the research is to provide an accurate estimation of the hydrodynamic forces acting on the cable and to present a comparison between the Morison force model and Fourier decomposition force model. In addition, investigating the methods of fixation for submarine pipes and cables as the commonly used methods is of high cost for both manufacturing and installation and maintenance processes has many drawbacks. This research is concerned with the ability of the cable to be stable on the seabed using its own weight and, if required, estimating extra chain weight to be added helping stabilize the cable on the seabed. A validation of the developed program with UWAHYDRO program developed in the Western Australia University is introduced in this article.
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Perfrement, Tina, Kevin Foard, Robert Pascoe, and Stefan Maric. "Striving for a cleantech future, one product at a time." KnE Engineering 2, no. 2 (February 9, 2017): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/keg.v2i2.628.
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<p>Geelong is one of Australia’s fastest growing cities. It faces significant social, environmental and economic challenges as it transforms into a city of the 22nd century. With its strong growth; proactive business, industry and community groups; and commitment to working together in an innovative culture, the city is ideally placed to take on the challenges of a comprehensive response to making Geelong more resilient. <strong></strong></p><p>Cleantech Innovations Geelong is an alliance of business, industry, government and academia looking to develop markets for cleantech goods and services. Our aim is to establish Geelong as a Centre of Excellence for cleantech in Australia, by attracting investment, creating jobs and building skills. The program is a partnership funded through the Manufacturing Productivity Network (State Government), the Geelong Manufacturing Council and Future Proofing Geelong (City of Greater Geelong). <strong></strong></p>Clean Technologies are defined as economically viable products, services and processes that harness renewable materials and energy sources, dramatically reduce the use of natural resources and cut or eliminate emissions and wastes. This paper (and presentation) will feature three case studies which illustrate how businesses are establishing collaborative partnerships to innovate and diversify into new markets for cleantech goods and services.
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Sutrisna, Monty, and Jack Goulding. "Managing information flow and design processes to reduce design risks in offsite construction projects." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 26, no. 2 (March 18, 2019): 267–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-11-2017-0250.
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PurposeFollowing the increasing need for faster construction, improved quality and evidence value propositions, offsite construction is increasingly being proffered as a viable contender to “traditional” construction approaches. However, whilst evidence supports the move towards offsite, its uptake has been lower than expected. Whilst the precise reasons for this seem to be influenced by a number of issues, including contextual drivers and market maturity; some project stakeholders also view offsite as carrying greater risks. The purpose of this paper is to report on the quality of information flow, in particular, the impact and influence of this on design risks in offsite construction projects.Design/methodology/approachAn existing design risk framework is used as the point of departure for this research. This is further expanded into a specific model for evaluating offsite construction projects design risks, the rubrics of which were informed by two case studies of offsite construction projects in Australia and the UK analysed with a process-tracing technique. Whilst these cases were geographically separated, the constructs were aligned to uncover fundamental design information requirements and concomitant risks associated with offsite.FindingsThe findings of the research reported in this paper include the crucial information feeding into the design process emanating from the lifecycle of offsite construction projects, namely, design, offsite (manufacturing), handling and transporting, site works and installation and also occupancy. These are contextualised within the four categories, namely, client requirements, project requirements, regulation aspects and social aspects and the final outcomes were summarised into a holistic diagram.Originality/valueGiven that the offsite construction has shifted the working paradigm into assigning a significant level of efforts and emphasis at the front end of the construction projects, the importance of its design process and hence design risks management has gone up significantly in construction projects delivered using this technique. This research and paper contributes significantly to the built environment domain by identifying the crucial aspects along the project lifecycle to be considered to minimise the potential occurrence of design risks and hence increasing the confidence of project stakeholders in adopting offsite construction techniques in their projects.
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Kussul, Ernst, Tetyana Baydyk, Alberto Escalante Estrada, Maria Teresa Rodríguez González, and Donald Wunsch II. "Solar concentrators manufacture and automation." Open Physics 17, no. 1 (April 5, 2019): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2019-0011.
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Abstract Solar energy is one of the most promising types of renewable energy. Flat facet solar concentrators were proposed to decrease the cost of materials needed for production. They used small flat mirrors for approximation of parabolic dish surface. The first prototype of flat facet solar concentrators was made in Australia in 1982. Later various prototypes of flat facet solar concentrators were proposed. It was shown that the cost of materials for these prototypes is much lower than the material cost of conventional parabolic dish solar concentrators. To obtain the overall low cost of flat facet concentrators it is necessary to develop fully automated technology of manufacturing and assembling processes. Unfortunately, the design of known flat facet concentrators is too complex for automation process. At present we develop the automatic manufacturing and assembling system for flat facet solar concentrators. For this purpose, we propose the design of flat facet solar concentrator that is convenient for automatization. We describe this design in the paper. At present, almost all solar-energy plants in the world occupy specific areas that are not used for agricultural production. This leads to a competition between the solar-energy plants and agriculture production systems. To avoid this competition, it is possible to co-locate solar-energy devices in agricultural fields. The energy obtained via such co-location can be used for agricultural needs (e.g., water extraction for irrigation) and other purposes (e.g., sent to an electrical grid). In this study, we also describe the results of an investigation on co-location methods for the minimal loss of agricultural harvest too.
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Rodrigues, Margarida, Emmanuel Duran, Bernd Eschgfaeller, David Kuzan, and Karen Habucky. "Optimizing Commercial Manufacturing of Tisagenlecleucel for Patients in the US: A 4-Year Experiential Journey." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 1768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-144897.
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Abstract Background: Tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah) is an autologous CD19-directed CAR-T-cell therapy, approved in Aug-2017 for treating children and young adults with relapsed/refractory (r/r) acute lymphoblastic leukemia and in May-2018 for treating adults with r/r diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Post-approval, a key goal has been to upscale and continuously improve manufacturing success and turnaround time in the commercial settings to meet the needs of a global patient population. Here we report accrued experience from our 4-year journey of optimizing the commercial tisagenlecleucel manufacturing process at the US site (Morris Plains, NJ), for faster and successful delivery to patients in the US. Methods: As reported previously, the tisagenlecleucel manufacturing process includes leukapheresis of the patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells, enrichment and activation of T cells, transduction of the lentiviral vector containing the anti-CD19 CAR transgene, activation with anti-CD3/CD28 antibody-coated beads, expansion in cell culture, washing, and formulation of the viable cells into a cryoformulation medium. The final product is then cryopreserved, shipped back to the treatment center and infused to patients (Tyagarajan, 2020). Use of cryopreserved leukapheresis material as the starting point in commercial manufacturing is unique to tisagenlecleucel; this allows flexibility in terms of scheduling leukapheresis when a patient's health is optimal to provide T cells, and also helps offset logistical challenges (Tyagarajan, 2019). Results: As of Jun-2021, tisagenlecleucel has been manufactured for >5000 patients worldwide, enabled by Novartis's significantly increased global manufacturing footprint at six sites strategically located across six countries (US, France, Switzerland, Germany, Japan and Australia) and a global treatment network of >340 certified centers, including 127 centers in the US. Specifically for the US manufacturing site, between Dec-2020 and Jun-2021, 376 patients in the US had starting material available for manufacturing. Overall, the manufactured product was available for shipment for 98% of patients (shipping success rate [SSR]). The commercial manufacturing success rate (MSR) was 96%, with an out-of-specification (OOS) rate of <3% and no OOS for viability. All ten OOS batches were released for infusion as benefit:risk assessment was positive. Manufacturing was cancelled for two patients upon physician's request. Immediate manufacturing capability without waiting time was available on receipt of all apheresis starting materials. The median time from start of manufacturing to shipping was 20 days. As is evident, the COVID-19 pandemic did not appear to have significantly affected the success rate or manufacturing turnaround time. These latest success metrics, reflecting significant improvements from 2018 to 2021 in MSR (69% to 96%), SSR (93% to 98%), and overall OOS rate (26% to 2%) including viability OOS rate (from 25% to 0%), are a result of upscaling the manufacturing capabilities, enhancements with hospitals focusing on optimizing apheresis collection and cryopreservation procedures, and continuous evaluation and improvement of the manufacturing process since tisagenlecleucel was first launched (Figure). Two key process and analytical improvements that were considered to have improved robustness of manufacturing and testing processes, reduced OOS rates, and minimized variability in turnaround time were introduced towards the end of 2020. Firstly, a simplified sample preparation procedure for final product cell count and viability measurement, which is more reflective of final product at infusion. Secondly, an alternate serum source (5% plasma-derived human AB serum [PD hABs]) which further improves process robustness with a trend towards improved growth and higher peak cell counts. Conclusions: Tisagenlecleucel's current global commercial manufacturing footprint and treatment network are well-positioned to meet anticipated future increase in demand for CAR-T therapies. Recent process improvements have significantly increased the MSR (to 96%) and SSR (to 98%), and immediate product availability for patients in need of CAR-T cells. Ongoing and upcoming process improvements are anticipated to further reduce the throughput time, thus allowing more patients faster access to CAR-T therapy. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Rodrigues: Novartis: Current Employment. Duran: Novartis: Current Employment. Eschgfaeller: Novartis: Current Employment. Kuzan: Novartis: Current Employment. Habucky: Novartis: Current Employment.
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Solomon, D. H., and T. H. Spurling. "AUSTRALIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY — THIRD TIME LUCKY." Prometheus 5, no. 1 (June 1987): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08109028708629413.
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Dwyer, Larry, and Robert Mellor. "PRODUCT INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN AUSTRALIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY." Prometheus 8, no. 1 (June 1990): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08109029008631878.
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Burgess, John. "THE ACCORD AND PRODUCTIVITY IN THE AUSTRALIAN MANUFACTURING SECTOR." Prometheus 8, no. 2 (December 1990): 356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08109029008629483.
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Varshavsky, A. E., and V. V. Dubinina. "Global Trends and Directions of Development of Industrial Robots." MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research) 11, no. 3 (October 27, 2020): 294–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.18184/2079-4665.2020.11.3.294-319.
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Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to analyze the main trends and directions of development of industrial robots, as well as the problems associated with their distribution. To achieve these goals, the following tasks were solved: analysis of the dynamics of the stock of industrial robots, the structure of the stock of robots by region (Europe, America, Asia / Australia), as well as the annual volumes and structure of world sales of robots by key industries; analysis of the main tasks of industrial robots, performed by them in these industries, and the directions of their use; analyze the dynamics of the robot fleet by industry in different countries (Japan, USA, South Korea, China, Germany, etc.); analysis of indicators and problems of using industrial robots in Russia.Methods: the research methodology consists in a comparative analysis of the use of industrial robots in different industries (automotive, food, chemical, electronic, etc.) based on statistical data by country. A systematic approach, tabular and graphical interpretation of information was applied, analysis of the dynamics of the levels of the time series, the calculation of growth indices of indicators.Results: the analysis showed that the use of industrial robots reduces injuries at the workplace, production costs and improves the quality of the final product, productivity, flexibility and safety, which contributes to a significant increase in their use in both developed and developing countries.Conclusions and Relevance: recently, robotization has become available even in non-industrial countries. The introduction of robotization into production processes increases the competitiveness of the economy. The acceleration of digitalization and automation, as well as the ease of use of industrial robots, are driving their proliferation. In Russia, the wider use of industrial robots, the development of the industrial Internet of things and the implementation of digitalization are possible only on the basis of the restoration and further development of mechanical engineering, electronic and other manufacturing industries.
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Prajogo, Daniel, Adegoke Oke, and Jan Olhager. "Supply chain processes." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 36, no. 2 (February 1, 2016): 220–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-03-2014-0129.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the value chain processes that represent the “black box” between supply logistics integration and competitive operational performance in firms. To realize this objective, the authors develop a research model which comprises a series of linkages from supply logistics integration to operational outcomes using Porter’s concept of value chain and the relational view of resource-based theory as theoretical lenses. Design/methodology/approach – The data set for testing the hypothesized relationships in this study was drawn from 232 Australian manufacturing firms. Findings – The findings show that there is no significant direct relationship between supply logistics integration and competitive operational performance; rather, the relationship is fully mediated by inbound supply performance and internal lean production processes. Further, lean production processes have a positive effect on inbound supply performance. Research limitations/implications – The study shows the importance of managing both internal (production processes) and external processes (logistics and supply chain) of firms’ operations in an integrated manner in which supply logistics integration act through key internal processes to impact competitive performance which the end customers actually experience. Originality/value – This is the first study which uncovers what happens “in between” the incoming materials and the end outputs delivered by firms into the market. This “in between black box” is important in improving our understanding of how inbound supply activities are translated into outbound competitive performance outcomes.
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Nelson, Silvia, Yvonne Brunetto, Rodney Farr‐Wharton, and Sheryl Ramsay. "Organisational effectiveness of Australian fast growing small to medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs)." Management Decision 45, no. 7 (August 7, 2007): 1143–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251740710773952.
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PurposeSmall to medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) continue to make a major contribution to the Australian economy. However, research into organisational processes within SMEs has been limited to date. This study aims to examine the links between communication processes and organisational effectiveness in SMEs.Design/methodology/approachThis quantitative study uses social capital theory as a framework to investigate whether employees' level of satisfaction with organisational communication processes affects organisational outcomes within three high growth manufacturing SMEs in one area of Australia.FindingsResults indicate that organisational communication processes does affect employees' levels of ambiguity regarding customers, job satisfaction and commitment to their firms.Research limitations/implicationsWhile generalisability is limited because of the small number of SMEs participating in the study, the research indicates great potential for developing theoretical and practical insights into Australian SMEs that would assist industry and employees overall.Practical implicationsImplications for the growth strategies of SMEs, particularly in relation to the current skilled labour shortage, are discussed.Originality/valueThe paper contributes much needed theoretical development and research into SMEs.
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Dikhanbayeva, Fatima, Elmira Zhaxybayeva, Zhechko Dimitrov, Meruert Baiysbayeva, Gulmira Yessirkep, and Nidhi Bansal. "Studying the effect of the developed technology on the chemical composition of yogurt made from camel milk." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3, no. 11 (111) (June 30, 2021): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.235831.
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This work aimed to conduct a comparative analysis that helps to identify the effect of the developed technology on the chemical composition of drinking yogurts made from Australian and Kazakhstani dromedary camel milk. Camel milk taken from Kazakhstan and Australia has been processed into drinking yogurt and its amino, fatty acid, vitamin, and mineral content was assayed. These identifications enabled us to compare how our developed technology is suitable for both milk types. The results of determination can be interpreted as follows. The essential and non-essential amino acid content in Kazakhstani yogurt was significantly higher compared to Australian yogurt. Aspartic and Glutamic acids were not identified in Kazakhstani yogurt. As a counterpart, Lysine and Histidine were not found in Australian yogurt. The fatty acid results demonstrated that Linoleic acid in Kazakhstani yogurt was significantly higher than in Australian yogurt, and there was more Linolenic acid in Australian yogurt than in Kazakhstani yogurt. The atherogenicity index for Kazakhstani yogurt was at a low level (0.045 %) compared to Australian yogurt (1.90 %). The ratios of omega 6 and omega 3 in Kazakhstani yogurt were 16 % greater than in Australian yogurt. Thiamine level in Kazakhstani yogurt was lower compared to Australian by up to 57 %. However, Riboflavin results in both samples were identical. The Calcium, Potassium, Sodium, and Phosphorus contents in Australian yogurt are defined as 5, 34, 34, and 30 % respectively compared to Kazakhstani yogurt. Nevertheless, Magnesium (47 %) and Iron (60 %) levels were lower in Australian yogurt than in Kazakhstani yogurt. These study results could be useful as preliminary work for scientists and producers of gerodiet products, who intend to work with camel milk as a geroprotector
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Szabo, E. A., W. R. Porter, and C. L. Sahlin. "Outcome based regulations and innovative food processes: An Australian perspective." Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 9, no. 2 (April 2008): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2007.12.001.
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Beer, Andrew. "The closure of the Australian car manufacturing industry: redundancy, policy and community impacts." Australian Geographer 49, no. 3 (January 16, 2018): 419–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049182.2017.1402452.
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Laurent, Jhon. "Australian Made: Success Stories in Australian Manufacturing since 1937by Brian Carroll(Institution of Production Engineers Australian Council, Parkville, Victoria, 1987) pp. ix + 230, ISBN 0-909546-10-X." Prometheus 6, no. 1 (June 1988): 197–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08109028808631861.
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Stein, Jesse Adams. "Hidden Between Craft and Industry: Engineering Patternmakers’ Design Knowledge." Journal of Design History 32, no. 3 (March 30, 2019): 280–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jdh/epz012.
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Abstract Craft is currently experiencing an academic and popular revival, as evidenced by increasing interest in ‘makers’ and artisanal practices, both within and beyond design history. Yet, in this moment of craft’s resurgence, some aspects are regularly overlooked. Industrial craft in manufacturing, for instance, is a field ripe for closer analysis. Engineering patternmaking is an industrial craft that remains almost invisible in design history, despite the design-related nature of patternmaking, and its centrality to many industrial manufacturing processes. Drawing on oral histories with Australian patternmakers, this article emphasizes that patternmaking is both a manual and intellectual practice that requires thorough knowledge of drawing, materials, geometry, three-dimensional visuality and manufacturing processes planning. Accordingly, I argue that patternmakers possess and enact a specific type of design knowledge, a form of expertise that has thus far been undervalued in both design and craft histories. Making use of Nigel Cross’ influential theorization of ‘designerly ways of knowing’, this article explores the connections and divergences between design and patternmaking knowledge sets, reminding us that the making of manufactured objects is deeply collaborative across professional and class formations. In doing so, I highlight the significance of industrial craft knowledge in the actualization of design. This example has broader historical implications for how design history frames and values the knowledge, skills and influence of those engaged in industrial production.
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Jeffreys, J. T. "The Trend toward Total Quality Managment in Australian Coal Mining." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 13, no. 4 (August 1995): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459879501300405.
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The paper examines the trends and techniques now being adopted by the Australian coal mining industry to improve efficiency and competitiveness in the face of an increasingly difficult international and domestic coal market. Quality Assurance certification to internationally accepted standards has been gained by some operators whilst many more companies are implementing varied forms of Total Quality Control concepts. These concepts now so well established in traditional manufacturing industries, have not previously been associated with the vagaries of the coal industry but are now being pursued by many in an effort to gain or retain a competitive edge. The paper also explains some of the actual processes being undertaken by the mining companies and outlines some of the systems being developed and utilised to undertake preliminary analysis and evaluation of existing and proposed management systems prior to implementing TQC systems.
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Hodge, R. Mark, Suresh Palanisamy, and Matthew S. Dargusch. "Building Capability through Benchmarking and Technology Transfer." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 602–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.602.
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Production, sustainment and repair technologies for light alloy components in the defence applications account for a significant proportion of Defence Materials Technology Centre (DMTC) activities. Key challenges in this regard include the affordable manufacture and repair & sustainment of Titanium components for new and legacy platforms. The DMTC research program portfolio incorporates collaborative technology development activities between industry and the research sector within a framework of a partnership model that includes input from the Defence customer on likely procurement opportunities for industry, and longer term strategic requirements of Defence. The technological focus is particularly on the benchmarking of strategies, technologies and manufacturing techniques associated with the manufacture of aerospace components via high speed machining. Developing affordable, cost-effective and best of breed machining processes and practices among a broad range of Australian manufacturing organisations is a key goal of the DMTC. This paper describes an initiative of the DMTC focused on developing and optimising engineering capability in metals manufacturing for aerospace applications. Data generated from a range of participating sources conducting machining trials of identical titanium and stainless steel components is compared and contrasted in the context of best practice development.
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Fraser, Kym, and Hans‐Henrik Hvolby. "Effective teamworking: can functional flexibility act as an enhancing factor?" Team Performance Management: An International Journal 16, no. 1/2 (March 9, 2010): 74–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13527591011028933.
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PurposeTwo of the most sought after properties in today's dynamic and competitive manufacturing environment are labour flexibility and effective teamworking. This is due in no small part to the growth of modern manufacturing philosophies which strongly advocate the need for both teamwork and flexibility. This paper aims to explore the impact of two labour flexibility strategies (functional flexibility and intra‐cell flexibility) on teamwork in a cellular manufacturing environment.Design/methodology/approachUsing a revised input/process/output (IPO) team effectiveness model a questionnaire was designed and a case study undertaken at a large Australian manufacturer. The knowledge, skills, and ability (KSAs) gained from job rotation (flexibility) was quantitatively tested against team processes and team performance.FindingsIt was found that functional flexibility had an overall stronger, significant effect on the five team processes tested (communication, conflict resolution, problem solving, goals and performance, tasks and planning) than did intra‐cell flexibility. In regards to output (team performance) functional flexibility performed better in areas such as customer delivery, inventory holdings and quality, while intra‐cell flexibility performed better in the area of absenteeism. An inconclusive result was obtained for the fifth output measure, efficiency rate.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted at a single organisation, which limits the generalisation of the outcomes, therefore broader research on the area is recommended.Practical implicationsThe study provides evidence that the individual benefits of both functional flexibility and teamworking may be enhanced while being practised concurrently. With labour flexibility and teamwork being key factors in most modern organisations, the practical implications are much wider than the field of manufacturing.Originality/valueIndividually, the literature offers much on teamworking and flexibility but studies exploring the combined effects of these two important elements are rare, especially in the field of manufacturing. The present paper fills some of the gaps
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Mesa, David, Gianni Renda, Robert Gorkin III, Blair Kuys, and Simon M. Cook. "Implementing a Design Thinking Approach to De-Risk the Digitalisation of Manufacturing SMEs." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (November 2, 2022): 14358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114358.
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Industry 4.0 (I4.0) has proposed a significant shift in the way companies approach manufacturing. However, this new paradigm is not without faults. The integration of processes and equipment (‘digitalisation’) can be prohibitively expensive or too technically complex for small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) with limited resources and technical expertise. Another barrier to digitalisation lies in the ambiguity of not knowing what precise practices to adopt to improve productivity. Although these challenges have been identified in the literature, there is still little evidence on how to tackle them. Thus, we explore how design thinking can help overcome these challenges, given that it has been used in many organisations and disciplines to deal with complex and ambiguous problems. We do so by investigating the research question ‘How can designers and design thinking processes assist manufacturing SMEs’ digitalisation?’ We address this research question by presenting a case study of a university–industry collaboration where the authors utilised a design-thinking process to select and implement technologies to capture, process and analyse data for an Australian medical device manufacturer. By reflecting on the case study, we identified the user-centeredness of design thinking as crucial in selecting technologies for implementation that prioritised usability and brought value to all stakeholders. Furthermore, iterative prototyping was critical to scale up the required expertise and deliver a successful sustainable solution without investing vast resources. Our work suggests that designers and design thinking have the potential to help de-risk digitalisation. Finally, we suggest a framework that may assist in guiding other SMEs approaching digitalisation and provide a starting point for further design thinking research in this area.
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Eaidgah, Youness, Alireza Arab Maki, Kylie Kurczewski, and Amir Abdekhodaee. "Visual management, performance management and continuous improvement." International Journal of Lean Six Sigma 7, no. 2 (June 6, 2016): 187–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlss-09-2014-0028.
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Purpose The purpose of the paper is to study the interconnections between visual management, performance management and continuous improvement programmes and to suggest a practical framework to establish an effective visual management programme in association with performance management and continuous improvement systems. For the sake of simplicity, this paper refers to such a programme as integrated visual management (IVM) throughout this paper. Design/methodology/approach The following research included proposals and discussion, which were based on a case study which took place at a quality assurance (QA) department in PACCAR Australia, a global premium truck manufacturer, as well as authors’ own findings and experience, in addition to a literature-based review on visual management, performance management and continuous improvement. A systematic approach was followed to establish an effective IVM system. This paper is composed of two sections. Some of the most important literatures on visual management, performance management and continuous improvement are reviewed in the first section. Then the findings, as well as some other author findings, on why visual management works are summarised. The second section is dedicated to the case study. Findings Visual management can provide a simple and yet effective solution to enhance information flow in organisations. However, for visual management to yield its full benefit, it needs be part of a bigger plan. It has to be linked to a performance management programme, which provides input into visual management, and a continuous improvement initiative, which receives inputs from visual management. This paper proposes a practical framework to establish an IVM programme and provides a detailed description of its phases. The paper also presents the results achieved, during our case study, and views on the integration benefits, as well as on how to successfully implement an IVM programme. A systematic approach to establish an effective IVM system was followed. It laid a solid foundation to facilitate an effective flow of information in QA in its respective areas. This programme not only improved an understanding of the processes and raised awareness about the performance and associated issues, it also boosted transparency, discipline, shared ownership, team involvement and scientific mindset. It assisted in achieving significant and concrete process improvements. It helped in establishing a productive continuous improvement programme. It was observed that while visual management, performance management and team or company continuous improvement programmes each served a benefit individually, when they were linked together, as a whole, their synergy allowed for more significant achievements. Research limitations/implications The scope of this research is limited to use of visual management to manage performance and to lead continuous improvement initiatives. The research was performed in a manufacturing environment. Even though it is believed that the suggested framework for IVM and the findings are applicable to other business environments as well, further research in this direction is required. Also, the interconnection between visual management, continuous improvement and performance management based on a case study was investigated. More quantitative researches, on bigger scales, are required to better understand the mentioned interactions and to enhance our knowledge of these tools in a holistic manner. Originality/value The originality of the papers comes from its holistic approach to visual management, performance management and continuous improvement programmes and the suggested framework to establish an IVM programme.
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Shelton, Jacquetta, Igor Martek, and Chuan Chen. "Implementation of innovative technologies in small-scale construction firms." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 23, no. 2 (March 21, 2016): 177–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-01-2015-0006.
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Purpose – The users of construction technologies such as builders and trades people have been acknowledged as sources of potentially important innovations. These innovations may be in the form of safer, less labour intensive, or cheaper methods and processes. The purpose of this paper is to assess whether the Australian construction industry is providing an environment where user-based innovation is being supported and implemented. Design/methodology/approach – An explorative study was undertaken to provide an insight into actual experiences of the implementation of user-based innovation. The data were collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews providing case studies on multiple aspects of the implementation of innovative construction technologies. The cases involved a cross section of advances, including product, tool, and system technologies. Findings – The main motivation behind developing the technologies was problem solving. The associated industries of manufacturing and retail, as well as consultants within the construction industry present the greatest barriers to implementation. Originality/value – This research provides a better understanding of the factors that are preventing the successful implementation of user-based innovative construction technologies in small firms.
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MAGNANI, GIOVANNA, and ANTONELLA ZUCCHELLA. "A model of entrepreneurial internationalisation in uncertain foreign environments: smaller firms and the global niche strategy." Sinergie Italian Journal of Management 38, no. 3 (January 15, 2021): 23–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7433/s113.2020.03.
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Purpose of the paper: By proposing a model of SMEs’ entry in foreign markets characterised by uncertainty, we test the relationships among the implementation of a global niche strategy, the perception of lower competition, and international performance. Methodology: Hypotheses are tested on a sample of 110 Australian firms by applying structural equation modelling through the PLS-SEM technique. Results: Our results support the idea that entrepreneurial firms need to create their own environment and, at the same time, control it by exerting high levels of control on manufacturing and technological capabilities and by vertically integrating production processes. Research limitations: More samples from more countries would increase the generalisability of the results. The operationalisation of the components of the global niche strategy which resulted as non-significant need further refinement. Longitudinal studies are required to measure the sustainability of the global niche strategy over time. Practical implications: A customer focus instead of a country focus can help manage perceived uncertainty while growing internationally. Furthermore, decision makers should leverage on product uniqueness through a continuous refinement of technology thanks to insourced production processes. Originality of the paper. To date, no study has advanced a model to represent firms’ internationalisation by considering a process that starts with the formation of strategic antecedents - here represented by the components of the global niche strategy - of international performance.
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Masso, Malcolm, Glenn Robert, Grace McCarthy, and Kathy Eagar. "The Clinical Services Redesign Program in New South Wales: perceptions of senior health managers." Australian Health Review 34, no. 3 (2010): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah08720.
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Objective.This study explores the views of senior managers regarding their experience of participating in the Clinical Services Redesign Program (CSRP) in New South Wales and the impact of that Program. Methods.Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2007 with 42 senior managers working in the NSW health system. Results.Managers reported being increasingly oriented towards efficiency, achieving results and using data to support decision-making. The increased focus on managing performance was accompanied by concerns about the narrowness of the indicators being used to manage performance and how these are applied. The value placed by interviewees on the use of ‘competition’ as a lever for improving services varied. Leadership was repeatedly identified as important for long-term success and sustainability. No one was confident that the CSRP had yet been sufficiently embedded in day to day practice in order for it to keep going on its own. Conclusion.Our findings are generally consistent with the extensive literature on change management, performance management and leadership. Some cultural change has taken place in terms of observed patterns of behaviour but it is unrealistic to think that CSRP can on its own deliver the desired deeper cultural changes in the values and assumptions underpinning the NSW Health system. There is some evidence of dysfunctional aspects of performance management but no call for the focus on performance or redesign to be abandoned. What is known about the topic?There has been growing interest internationally in the potential of industrial process improvement models (such as business process re-engineering, Six Sigma and Lean Manufacturing) to secure sustained improvements in the efficiency of healthcare services. Such approaches are often accompanied by the implementation of a rigorous performance management system. However, overall results in the healthcare sector have been mixed with outcomes sometimes falling short of stated ambitions. To date, in-depth research into the use of such approaches and systems in Australia has been limited. What does this paper add?This paper reports on research in New South Wales to evaluate one such approach: the 3-year Clinical Services Redesign Program that aims to achieve transformational, sustainable, system-wide change by ‘undertaking deep seated structural and cultural reform of traditional work practices’. The original CSRP business case envisaged a radical – rather than incremental – approach to system change, in keeping with a ‘re-engineering’ ethos. The qualitative findings presented here are based on interviews in 2007 with 42 senior health managers working at different levels of the health system. These interviews explored the experience of participating in the CSRP and elicited views as to the perceived impact of the Program from a managerial perspective. The findings are related to theories of system level change and compared with the emerging evidence-base relating to large-scale improvement strategies in healthcare. What are the implications for practitioners?Managers support the principle of managing performance by setting targets, with concerns primarily about the narrow focus of the selected targets, how the targets are applied locally and the nature of their central monitoring. Targets need to be well defined and measure the processes and outcomes that really matter. The principle of linking performance with service redesign was also supported. However, interviewees did not believe that changing culture to achieve sustainable change could be brought about by a single centrally-led change program. Significantly, leadership was seen as a critical factor in improving performance but needs to be considered within a broad framework (i.e. a system of leadership) that relies on more than just the attributes of individuals. Finally, management development should not be overlooked, or seen as less important than leadership development. Improvement projects frequently fail in implementation and this is as much a management issue as a leadership issue.
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Purves, Nigel, Scott Niblock, and Keith Sloan. "Are organizations destined to fail?" Management Research Review 39, no. 1 (January 18, 2016): 62–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-07-2014-0153.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the non-financial causes of organizational success or failure, provide a better understanding of the symptoms of financial distress and improve the predictive capacity of financial failure models. Design/methodology/approach – The paper utilizes exploratory case studies in investigating the relationship of non-financial factors to organizational success or failure across a sample of sector-specific Australian firms listed on the Australian Stock Exchange. A two-tailed study was designed, in which seven cases from both extremes were chosen from three Australian business sectors: finance, property and manufacturing. Findings – Non-financial factors associated with the organizations studied impacted their success or failure. These factors included management skill, experience and involvement in organizational strategy, feedback and resultant activity, together with board of director composition. The identification of financial and non-financial factors and sound internal processes could be utilized for the development of an early warning predictor of organizational success or failure. Research limitations/implications – The use of this method is very time-consuming but is highly valuable in case study research, providing a more in-depth understanding of how non-financial factors impact organizational success or failure. Practical implications – The research will provide a better understanding of the symptoms of financial distress and improve the predictive capacity of financial failure models. The improvement in prediction of organizational failure will reduce the costs of failure to all areas affected, from the large corporation to the small business. The inter-connectivity of all businesses to each other often results in a knock-on effect of failure with the cost being borne by all members of the community in some manner. The level of social impact and cost of failure can only be seen by the enormous costs of the Global Financial Crisis failures. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the literature on effective qualitative research and explores important areas of consideration for those conducting qualitative multiple-case studies. It is intended to be of use to researchers investigating the area of predictors of organizational failure or success.
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de Araújo, Beatriz Cristina, Erick Phelipe Amorim, Teresa Cristina Tarle Pissarra, Simone da Graça Pinto Varandas, Maria Emília Calvão Moreira da Silva, Eduardo Luiz Longui, and Marcelo Zanata. "Growth and Wood Quality from 32-Year-Old Eucalyptus pellita Owing to Chemical Characteristics of the Soil." Silva Lusitana 29, no. 2 (2021): 177–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/silu/20212902177.
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In a provenance and progeny test of Eucalyptus pellita, installed with seeds from 25 open-pollinated progenies from Helenvale and Coen in Australia, one individual from each progeny of the two provenances was selected. Height and DBH measurements were taken forming three diameter classes. From the felled trees, a 0.10 m disk was collected at the base of each tree to obtain samples, considering the pith, intermediate and bark positions, to evaluate the density at 12% moisture ( 12), fiber length (Fl), and fiber wall thickness (Fwt). In the canopy projections, soil samples were collected for chemical analysis. The samples were processed based on the standard methodology for anatomy and wood properties. Factor analysis did not group the soil variables with those of dendrometry, indicating no significant effect between these sets of variables. On the other hand, multivariate analysis indicates that Fwt in the intermediate position was influenced by groups of soil variables that comprise both F1 and F2 factors. Thus, we can infer that the higher values of Fwt (I) are related to lower Ca, Mg and pH and lower values of P, organic matter and cation exchange capacity. By showing statistical significance in the analyses, these results suggest that Helenvale should be chosen for vegetative reproduction (cloning) of the material that makes up the Batatais Forest collection based on the wood quality variables studied.
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Arashpour, Mehrdad, Ron Wakefield, Nick Blismas, and E. W. M. Lee. "Framework for improving workflow stability: deployment of optimized capacity buffers in a synchronized construction production." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 41, no. 12 (December 2014): 995–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2014-0199.
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Construction sites are dynamic environments due to the influence of variables such as changes in design and processes, unsteady demand, and unavailability of trades. These variables adversely affect productivity and can cause an unstable workflow in the network of trade contractors. Previous research on workflow stability in the construction and manufacturing domains has shown the effectiveness of ‘pull’ production or ‘rate driven’ construction. Pull systems authorize the start of construction when a job is completed and leaves the trade contractor network. However, the problem with pull systems is that completion dates are not explicitly considered and therefore additional mechanisms are required to ensure the due date integrity. On this basis, the aim of this investigation is to improve the coordination between output and demand using optimal-sized capacity buffers. Towards this aim, production data of two Australian construction companies were collected and analyzed. Capacity and cost optimizations were conducted to find the optimum buffer that strikes the balance between late completion costs and lost revenue opportunity. Following this, simulation experiments were designed and run to analyze different ‘what-if’ production scenarios. The findings show that capacity buffers enable builders to ensure a desired service level. Size of the capacity buffer is more sensitive to the level of variability in contractor processes than other production variables. This work contributes to the body-of-knowledge by improving production control in construction and deployment of capacity buffers to achieve a stable workflow. In addition, construction companies can use the easy-to-use framework tested in this study to compute the optimal size for capacity buffers that maximizes profit and prevents late completions.
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Matsuhama, Maki, Tomoko Takishita, Ryosuke Kuribayashi, Kazunori Takagi, Rika Wakao, and Kenichi Mikami. "Similarities and Differences of International Practices and Procedures for the Regulation for Active Substance Master Files/Drug Master Files of Human Use: Moving Toward Regulatory Convergence." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 19, no. 2 (August 8, 2016): 290–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/jpps.v19i2.27066.
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Purpose. A gap analysis survey of international practices for Active Substance Master Files (ASMFs)/Drug Master Files (DMFs) of human use was conducted as a project of the ASMF/DMF working group of the International Generic Drug Regulators Pilot (IGDRP) to identify similarities and differences among ASMF/DMF procedures of 10 IGDRP members and 2 observers. Methods. We conducted a questionnaire survey and compared the following aspects: overall ASMF/DMF procedures, submission requirements for ASMFs/DMFs, assessment processes for ASMFs/DMFs, the technical requirements for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), generation of assessment reports for ASMFs/DMFs, procedures for changing ASMF/DMF details, and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) inspection/certification of API manufacturers. Twelve organizations participated in this project: the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa), the European Union (EU), Health Canada (HC), the Singapore Health Sciences Authority (HSA), the South African Medicines Control Council (MCC), the South Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS), the Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA), the Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products (Swissmedic), the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration (TFDA), the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare (EDQM) (Observer) and the Prequalification Team (PQT) of the World Health Organization (WHO), which includes the PQT–Medicines (Observer). Results. Although there were many similarities among the participating agencies surveyed, there were also differences that should be discussed such as assessment processes of ASMFs/DMFs and Technical requirements for APIs. Conclusions. These differences revealed by this survey will be key considerations in order to facilitate the filing of ASMFs/DMFs globally and to establish a framework for sharing and utilizing information related to ASMFs/DMFs among IGDRP members in the future. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.
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Matsuhama, Maki, Tomoko Takishita, Ryosuke Kuribayashi, Kazunori Takagi, Rika Wakao, and Kenichi Mikami. "Similarities and Differences of International Practices and Procedures for the Regulation for Active Substance Master Files/Drug Master Files of Human Use: Moving Toward Regulatory Convergence." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 19, no. 2 (August 8, 2016): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/j37g80.
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Purpose. A gap analysis survey of international practices for Active Substance Master Files (ASMFs)/Drug Master Files (DMFs) of human use was conducted as a project of the ASMF/DMF working group of the International Generic Drug Regulators Pilot (IGDRP) to identify similarities and differences among ASMF/DMF procedures of 10 IGDRP members and 2 observers. Methods. We conducted a questionnaire survey and compared the following aspects: overall ASMF/DMF procedures, submission requirements for ASMFs/DMFs, assessment processes for ASMFs/DMFs, the technical requirements for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), generation of assessment reports for ASMFs/DMFs, procedures for changing ASMF/DMF details, and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) inspection/certification of API manufacturers. Twelve organizations participated in this project: the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa), the European Union (EU), Health Canada (HC), the Singapore Health Sciences Authority (HSA), the South African Medicines Control Council (MCC), the South Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS), the Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA), the Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products (Swissmedic), the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration (TFDA), the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare (EDQM) (Observer) and the Prequalification Team (PQT) of the World Health Organization (WHO), which includes the PQT–Medicines (Observer). Results. Although there were many similarities among the participating agencies surveyed, there were also differences that should be discussed such as assessment processes of ASMFs/DMFs and Technical requirements for APIs. Conclusions. These differences revealed by this survey will be key considerations in order to facilitate the filing of ASMFs/DMFs globally and to establish a framework for sharing and utilizing information related to ASMFs/DMFs among IGDRP members in the future. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.
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Baird, Kevin. "The effectiveness of strategic performance measurement systems." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 66, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-06-2014-0086.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how the characteristics of strategic performance measurement systems (SPMSs) influence the effectiveness of such systems. Specifically, the study examines the association between the following three strategic performance measurement approaches with the effectiveness of SPMSs: the use of multidimensional performance measures, the use of performance measures that are linked to value drivers, and the use of performance measures that are linked to strategy. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using a mail questionnaire distributed to a random sample of 800 Australian manufacturing and service business units. Findings The use of multidimensional performance measures is found to positively influence the effectiveness of SPMSs. Practical implications Organisations need to strive to design their SPMSs in a manner which considers the achievement of both performance- and staff-related goals, with the findings suggesting that managers need to focus on a broad set of performance measures relating to the four dimensions of the BSC (financial, internal, customer, and learning and growth measures). Originality/value This study contributes to the literature by examining the important role that SPMSs play in the achievement of organisational process outcomes. The incorporation of a measure of organisational process effectiveness, and the subsequent identification of the performance-related outcome and staff-related outcome dimensions, provides future researchers with an alternative approach to analyse SPMS effectiveness and provides managers with an insight into how to adjust their SPMS to improve their organisational processes.
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Alexander, Elinor, and Alan Sansome. "Shaping the Cooper Basin's 21st century renaissance." APPEA Journal 52, no. 2 (2012): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11104.
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The Department of Manufacturing, Innovation, Trade, Resources and Energy (DMITRE) SA has been successfully using competitive acreage releases to manage highly prospective Cooper Basin acreage since 1998. The expiry of long-term exploration licenses enabled the most significant structured release of onshore Australian acreage in the industry’s history—it has generated: 32 petroleum exploration licences (PELs) from ~70,000 km2 acreage; $432 million in guaranteed work program bids; 70 new field discoveries; $107.6 million royalties and $1.4 billion sales;and, increased gas supply-side competition. Cooper acreage turnover has also changed the makeup of Australia’s onshore exploration industry from numerous company-making discoveries. Since 1998, 10 acreage releases have been staged, enabled by the Petroleum Act 2000 (now the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Act 2000), conjunctive agreements with Native Title claimants, access to multiple-use Innamincka and Strzelecki Regional Reserves, and transparent application and bid assessment processes. Despite delays, most recently due to flooding, all but three of the original PELs are in their second term and relinquished acreage has been incorporated into subsequent releases. All work-program variations have been kept above the second bid score (except one, where the second ranked bidder was consulted and approved the change) preserving bidding system integrity. DMITRE is planning new Cooper Basin acreage releases while contemplating acreage management options for emerging unconventional plays. Industry input to map the best possible future for the SA Cooper Basin continues to be welcomed.
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ROMANO, CLAUDIO A., and JANEK RATNATUNGA. "EFFECTS OF FORMAL PLANNING AND CONTROL ON GROWTH: A CASE STUDY APPROACH." Journal of Enterprising Culture 03, no. 02 (June 1995): 161–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021849589500009x.
Full textAbstract:
While planning and control and their impact on small firm growth are implicit in many academic discussions, much of our understanding of these phenomena are based on speculation and opinion. Thus, they seem neglected areas of small business research. This paper seeks to improve the understanding of formal planning and control systems and their relationship to the growth of small business in Australian manufacturing. First, a framework is developed which incorporates the main contextual variables which independently and simultaneously have been shown to have a major relationship with growth. Second, the study provides empirically-based qualitative evidence to further the understanding of causality in the growth of small business by focusing on how formal planning and control systems are embedded within the external or internal contextual variables of small business and the characteristics of their management. Evidence is also provided as to the conditions and circumstances under which formal planning and control are likely to be most effective in controlling the effects of contextual variables, and to the differences between high growth and low growth firms in the use of formal planning and control. The findings of this study are important for two principal reasons. First, it has provided the opportunity to conduct exploratory research into how a small business is managed within the context in which the processes are applied. Second, it has provided the opportunity to identify factors which encourage or discourage small firms to plan, thus providing a better understanding of the planning and control process adopted by small firms.
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Du Bois, Mikhalien. "State Use Provisions for Patent Law, and Expropriations: Some Comparative Law Guidelines for South Africa during the Covid-19 Crisis and Beyond." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal 23 (September 15, 2020): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2020/v23i0a8150.
Full textAbstract:
This article views section 4 of the Patents Act 57 of 1978 against section 25 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 and Article 31 of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights of 1994 (hereafter TRIPS). The purpose is to find a suitable framework for the state/government use/utilisation of patented products or processes for public purposes. A comparison is done with the Crown use provisions in United Kingdom, Australian and Canadian law to find a suitable approach to questions relating to remuneration for state use, the prior negotiations requirement set by Article 31 of TRIPS, and the public purposes and exclusive patent rights that would be included under state use. The COVID-19 international pandemic has caused a state of national disaster in South Africa, which is exactly the kind of situation of extreme urgency envisioned by the exception in Article 31 of TRIPS, which permits the state use of patents without requiring prior negotiations with the patent owner. In the battle against COVID-19 and its concomitant fallout, the South African government (and authorised private parties) would be permitted to utilise patent rights without explicit authorisation from the patent owner and without prior negotiations, but subject to the payment of reasonable remuneration by the government and other terms and conditions as agreed upon or as determined by a court. This may include making (manufacturing), using, exercising, and importing patented products (for example, personal protective equipment, pharmaceuticals, ventilators and diagnostic tests) deemed necessary in the fight against COVID-19. Foreign jurisdictions considered in this article indicate that section 4 of the Patents Act 57 of 1978 may certainly benefit from an update to provide detailed guidance on the state use of patented products or processes for public purposes. In the interest of a timeous offensive against the COVID-19 virus, the patent provisions need a speedy update to allow state use compliant with TRIPS and the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996.
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Hossain, Md Nur, Sanjida Humayun, Md Zahurul Haque, and Monzur Morshed Ahmed. "Microbiological quality assessment and acceptance of dairy products in Dhaka city." Asian-Australasian Journal of Food Safety and Security 1, no. 1 (November 21, 2017): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/aajfss.v1i1.55762.
Full textAbstract:
This investigation was carried out to evaluate the microbiological quality of the processed dairy products including borhani, matha/labang, sweet & sour yoghurt. Dairy products are consumed as desert and popular enough among the people. 50 of the different dairy samples were collected from street vendor and also from some branded shop in Dhaka city. The microbiological quality of the samples were analyzed and monitored according to criteria in European Commission Recommendations 2004/24/EC and 2005/175/EC, BSTI and USPHS. All the dairy products had high microbial load ranged 5.90×105cfu/ml to 8.97×109 cfu/ml. Coliforms were found up to 109 dilutions in milk based drink products Borhani and Labang considered a serious threat to the public health. The mold contamination was much lower in Borhani and Labang compared to yoghurt 7.86×108cfu/ml. Approximately 17% dairy products were contaminated by Salmonella spp. Majority of the dairy products (25.537%,) such as Yogurt, Borhani and Labang were contaminated by Staphylococcus spp. The presence of Listeria monocytogenes found in Yogurt, 7 out of 21 (21.515%) samples were contaminated. A minor number of milk based products were corrupted by Shigella spp. These results emphasize applying and maintaining good hygiene practices throughout the processing chain to prevent contamination and bacterial growth. It was concluded that the presence of some pathogens in milk based products with toxigenicity of some strains pose a health hazard to consumers. Thus, good hygienic practices, good manufacturing practices, HACCP with all other hygienic practices should be applied during processing and distribution for public health safety.
Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2017, 1 (1), 58-64
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Mackay, Sally, Helen Eyles, Teresa Gontijo de Castro, Leanne Young, Cliona Ni Mhurchu, and Boyd Swinburn. "Which companies dominate the packaged food supply of New Zealand and how healthy are their products?" PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 26, 2021): e0245225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245225.
Full textAbstract:
Improvement of national food supplies are an opportunity to improve a country’s health. Our aim was to identify the major food companies manufacturing packaged foods and non-alcoholic beverages available in New Zealand supermarkets in 2018; to assess the healthiness of products using (1) the Health Star Rating (HSR) system, (2) Australian Dietary Guidelines classification (core/discretionary), and (3) by level of processing; to compare the healthiness of products displaying and not displaying the HSR and; to assess potential for food reformulation within selected food sub-categories. Information on packaged foods was obtained from the Nutritrack supermarket database. Companies that manufactured each food and brand were identified using company websites and the New Zealand companies register. In total, 13,506 packaged products were mapped to 1,767 brands and 1,214 companies. Based on market share of products available for sale (Euromonitor data), there were 22 dominating companies producing 31% of products and 17% of brands. Fifty-nine percent of products were classified as unhealthy (HSR <3.5/5 stars), 53% as discretionary, and 69% as ultra-processed. Products displaying the HSR on the package had a higher mean HSR ±SD than if the HSR was not displayed (3.2±1.3 versus 2.5±1.4, p = 0.000). Efforts to improve the healthiness of products should be directed to the 22 food companies dominating this market share, particularly in the core foods groups which are currently less likely to meet Heart Foundation reformulation targets (bread, breakfast cereals, cheese, canned baked beans, yoghurt). The New Zealand supermarket packaged food supply included in the Nutritrack database is dominated by a small number of companies and is mostly unhealthy. Government leadership is required to improve the healthiness of the packaged food supply and provide adequate information to consumers. This includes interventions setting reformulation targets for core food groups, setting population nutrient intake targets and mandating that the HSR is displayed on all products.
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Mátrai, Ildikó, Éva Vida-Varga, and Gyula Lakatos. "Study on the Composition of the Epiphytic Periphyton in the Gemenc Floodplain Area in Hungary." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 3 (March 13, 2022): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.93.11854.
Full textAbstract:
The specific aspects of wetlands are fundamentally determined by the hydrological factors and the water-related living world. In the life of wetlands the flora has its different forms of life and its connection to the water decisive roles, which are of course the results of the evolutionary processes of long periods.
In this paper we give an outline about the ecological state of the macrophytes and epiphyton composition from the good state to the bad and polluted ones. It is known the degree of water supply and the water quality of the wetland determine primarily the potential vegetation and its structure. The Gemenc wetlands represent those values of the Danubian floodplains, that are the most significant, and are the mostly exposed to injuries. The aim of nature conversation is the maintenance of the now scattered remains of former wetlands, and as far as possible the reconstruction of the changed habitats. From the point of view of the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) is it an important and significant biological index, because the data of the examination of the peripyton can be effectively used for the determination and specification of the ecological state of the Nyéki-Holt-Danube, in Gemenc floodplain (wetland).
We collected plants like reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin,, great bulrush (Schoenoplectus lacustris L.), pondweed (Potamogeton lucens L.), and water-rose (Nuphar lutea (L.) Sibth) separately from the different sampling places for the epiphytic periphyton examination. The Non-Taxonomic Periphyton Index (NTPI) is the index number, that constitute of the non-taxonomic parameters of the periphyton (mass, content of ash, concentration of chlorophyll-a, AI, etc.), used relatively rapidly and professionally relevantly to evaluate the ecological state of waters. Our aim by the ecological state estimation of the Nyéki-Holt-Danube was to fix a basic state that we want to use as a reference-state under the evaluation of the effect of the further rehabilitation actions.