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Journal articles on the topic 'Manufacturing industries – Ireland'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Ruane, Frances, and Holger Görg. "The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Sectoral Adjustment in the Irish Economy." National Institute Economic Review 160 (April 1997): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795019716000106.

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Foreign direct investment (FDI) has played a crucial role in the overall development of the Irish economy over the past three decades, as the Republic of Ireland, hereafter referred to as Ireland, has pursued an industrial strategy characterised by (i) promoting export-led-growth in Irish manufacturing through various financial supports and fiscal incentives, and (ii) encouraging foreign companies to establish manufacturing plants in Ireland, producing specifically for export markets. The significance of FDI for the Irish economy is now reflected in, inter alia, the significant gap between GNP and GDP; in 1994, GNP was roughly 88 per cent of GDP in Ireland. As regards the manufacturing sector, the high shares of output and employment in foreign-owned companies in Ireland also indicate the importance of foreign firms. As we discuss in some detail in Section 3, foreign companies produced roughly 69 per cent of total net output and accounted for 45 per cent of employment in Irish manufacturing industries in 1993.

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2

Andreosso-O’Callaghan, Bernadette. "Industrial Policy Response to the Covid 19 Crisis in Ireland – A Filière Approach." Symphonya. Emerging Issues in Management, no. 2 (2020): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4468/2020.2.09andreosso.

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The economic shock represented by the Covid19 crisis has been showing the limits of industrial policy choices such as that of the chosen globalisation model, a model characterised in particular by the relocation of “key” manufacturing activities away from EU countries and towards low-cost emerging countries. In relation to the Covid19 crisis, relocation emanates from industrial policy choices that have weakened the health filière (encompassing the chemicals & pharmaceutical manufacturing industries and the health service industry). The specific case of Ireland shows a strong manufacturing specialisation in the relatively resilient pharmaceutical industry, a strength undermined by a relatively inefficient health service industry. National policy responses have taken the form of a large number of schemes estimated to amount to some €5bn. Questions arise in terms of the ability of the EU, and of Ireland therein, to secure its health sovereignty in the future, and in terms of the implications of growing indebtedness, particularly in the euro-area.

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3

Harris, Richard I. D., and Mary Trainor. "Manufacturing industries in Northern Ireland and Great Britain: was there convergence during the 1949-92 period?" Applied Economics 31, no. 12 (December 1999): 1573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/000368499323094.

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4

Salikhova, O. B. "Comparative Advantages of National Pharmaceutical Industries through the Prism of New Indicators." Statistics of Ukraine 89, no. 2-3 (November 24, 2020): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/su.2-3(89-90)2020.02-03.06.

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Specific ways of the emergence of new actors in the global market of pharmaceutical goods is investigated, with substantiating the role of transnational corporations (TNC), their investment and technologies in establishing pharmaceutical industries in developing countries. The cases of Puerto Rico and Ireland are taken in order to demonstrate the background for expansion of manufacturing of medicines and medical products and analyze the tendencies in their export capacity building. The factors making pharmaceutical TNC transfer production facilities to India and China are substantiated and implications of this process are highlighted. It is revealed that due to the production internationalization, countries that had been net importers of pharmaceuticals just several decades ago have joined the group of key suppliers to external markets. Because American and European TNC are leading in the pharmaceutical industry by R&D expenditure, they are the principal holders of advanced technologies in the industry. It follows that manufacturing of medicines and medical products in most part of countries either directly or indirectly depend on innovative products of TNC and their technology transfer via various channels (both licensing and imports of components, active pharmaceutical ingredients in particular). It is shown that with the emergence of new market actors coming from developing countries, traditional approaches to determining comparative advantages of counties in the global trade need to be improved. The cases of countries that are recipients of foreign technologies, on which territories powerful high tech pharmaceutical production facilities with high shares of intermediate consumption and heavy export supplies are located due to TNC investment or local public-private capital, give evidence that the classical RCA indicator allows to measure visible comparative advantages in the trade in goods rather than revealed ones. It is proposed that analyses of advantages at country level should include the indicator of high tech goods supplies, to provide for a more accurate description of the innovation component in advanced industries. A new approach to the assessment of comparative advantages of high tech pharmaceutical manufacturing is proposed and tested, which is based on the principle of specialization and use of the ratio of Comparative Advantage in Value Added Activity (CAVA) in particular. It is revealed that the pharmaceutical industry of Ireland, Jordan, Singapore, India or Columbia, with reliance on foreign investment and technologies, could gain advantages in value added creation and dominate the national economies. It is shown that Ukraine is enhancing the advantages in value added creation in the pharmaceutical industry; is it substantiated that due to low R&D and innovation performance and heavy dependence on imported components, capacity building of this industry and its current advantages result from global tendencies and global market conjunctures rather than from the implementation of the national science & technology priorities. According to the author’s recommendation, the proposed approach to determining comparative advantages in value added creation should be used for the assessment of other high tech industries, apart from the pharmaceutical industry, and that is should be supplemented by statistical tools for analysis of foreign trade in finished and intermediate high tech goods.

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5

Salikhova, O. B. "Comparative Advantages of National Pharmaceutical Industries through the Prism of New Indicators." Statistics of Ukraine 89, no. 2-3 (November 24, 2020): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/su.2-3(89-90)2020.02-03.06.

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Specific ways of the emergence of new actors in the global market of pharmaceutical goods is investigated, with substantiating the role of transnational corporations (TNC), their investment and technologies in establishing pharmaceutical industries in developing countries. The cases of Puerto Rico and Ireland are taken in order to demonstrate the background for expansion of manufacturing of medicines and medical products and analyze the tendencies in their export capacity building. The factors making pharmaceutical TNC transfer production facilities to India and China are substantiated and implications of this process are highlighted. It is revealed that due to the production internationalization, countries that had been net importers of pharmaceuticals just several decades ago have joined the group of key suppliers to external markets. Because American and European TNC are leading in the pharmaceutical industry by R&D expenditure, they are the principal holders of advanced technologies in the industry. It follows that manufacturing of medicines and medical products in most part of countries either directly or indirectly depend on innovative products of TNC and their technology transfer via various channels (both licensing and imports of components, active pharmaceutical ingredients in particular). It is shown that with the emergence of new market actors coming from developing countries, traditional approaches to determining comparative advantages of counties in the global trade need to be improved. The cases of countries that are recipients of foreign technologies, on which territories powerful high tech pharmaceutical production facilities with high shares of intermediate consumption and heavy export supplies are located due to TNC investment or local public-private capital, give evidence that the classical RCA indicator allows to measure visible comparative advantages in the trade in goods rather than revealed ones. It is proposed that analyses of advantages at country level should include the indicator of high tech goods supplies, to provide for a more accurate description of the innovation component in advanced industries. A new approach to the assessment of comparative advantages of high tech pharmaceutical manufacturing is proposed and tested, which is based on the principle of specialization and use of the ratio of Comparative Advantage in Value Added Activity (CAVA) in particular. It is revealed that the pharmaceutical industry of Ireland, Jordan, Singapore, India or Columbia, with reliance on foreign investment and technologies, could gain advantages in value added creation and dominate the national economies. It is shown that Ukraine is enhancing the advantages in value added creation in the pharmaceutical industry; is it substantiated that due to low R&D and innovation performance and heavy dependence on imported components, capacity building of this industry and its current advantages result from global tendencies and global market conjunctures rather than from the implementation of the national science & technology priorities. According to the author’s recommendation, the proposed approach to determining comparative advantages in value added creation should be used for the assessment of other high tech industries, apart from the pharmaceutical industry, and that is should be supplemented by statistical tools for analysis of foreign trade in finished and intermediate high tech goods.

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6

Liu, Mengchuan, Yi-Wen Wang, and Christian Nolf. "Creative Chinese Countryside? Township-Village Enterprises as Incubators." Built Heritage 3, no. 4 (December 2019): 72–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bf03545720.

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AbstractSince the turn of the century, creative industries have displayed considerable power in transforming the social and economic landscapes of most global metropolises, including such Chinese mega-cities as Beijing and Shanghai. However, the story of creative industries does not end there. Recent studies have focused on the role of creative sector in the countryside. It has been argued that the creative sector can effectively contribute to diversifying socio-economic development in rural areas by increasing employment, enhancing the quality of life, and promoting social inclusion and community development. With the aim to chart new paths for China’s rural revitalisation and address the country’s ‘three rural issues’ (i.e. agriculture, rural areas and farmers), this paper examines the potentials and challenges to developing the creative sector in rural China. It first reviews the academic debate about expanding the development of creative industries from urban to rural areas. Drawing on the research and classification of creative industries in rural Western Ireland, this study identifies industries characterised by ‘content creation and production’ and ‘creative design services’, which would have potential in rural China. The major impediments to and crucial factors for developing rural creative industries in China are investigated and appraised within the framework of ‘creative people, creative place, and creative support’. After analysing emerging practices in Jiangsu Province, this paper highlights the potential of abandoned industrial complexes in rural parts of China’s coastal regions, which can act as incubators for creative industries. Those former manufacturing plants are the remains of township-village enterprises (TVEs), which constituted part of China’s flagship policy for rural regeneration in the 1980s. Not only do they have special architectural attributes favourable for creative production, but also represent the socio-economic entity of the village collective and are the carriers of cultural meanings and memories. This paper concludes with a set of recommendations for both public and private sectors. It calls for a more proactive stance from governments to promote the creative sector in rural areas and revitalise rural economies and communities through the reuse or regeneration of former TVEs.

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Trubetskaya, Anna, William Horan, Paul Conheady, Ken Stockil, and Sean Moore. "A Methodology for Industrial Water Footprint Assessment Using Energy-Water-Carbon Nexus." Processes 9, no. 2 (February 22, 2021): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9020393.

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Recent national government policy in Ireland proposes a radical transformation of the energy sector and a large reduction in CO2 emissions by 2050. Water and energy form the water–energy nexus, with water being an essential component in energy production. However, the connection between the production of energy and water is rarely made. In particular, the end-user processes are generally excluded because they occur outside the water industry. The present study includes two simple approaches for industrial sites to calculate their carbon footprint in the water sector. The assessment of the milk powder manufacturing using both approaches indicates that the combined emission factor of the water supply and treatment is approximately 1.28 kg CO2 m−3 of water. The dairy production among steel, textile, and paper industries appears to be the most carbon-emitting industry. However, the results show that the carbon intensity of the water supply and treatment can be minimized by the integration of renewable energy sources for the onsite heat/steam and electricity generation. The uniqueness of our approaches compared to calculations illustrated by the ecoinvent and other governmental databases is its simplicity and a focus on the main energy consuming manufacturing steps in the entire industrial process. We believe that the management of water and energy resources will be more efficient when “active water citizens” raise environmental awareness through promoting measures regarding data monitoring and collection, observed leaks and damages, dissimilation and exchange of information on sustainable water stewardship to public and various industrial stakeholders.

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8

McDermott, Olivia, Jiju Antony, Michael Sony, and Stephen Daly. "Barriers and Enablers for Continuous Improvement Methodologies within the Irish Pharmaceutical Industry." Processes 10, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10010073.

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This study aims to investigate the barriers that exist when implementing continuous improvement methodologies, such as Lean Six Sigma (LSS), within the Irish Pharma industry. The main finding of this study is that 45% of participants perceived that a highly regulated environment could be a barrier to continuous improvement implementation, while 97% of respondents utilised Continuous improvement (CI) methods, such as Lean, Six Sigma, and LSS, within their organisations. While the International Conference of Harmonisation integrates CI into its Pharmaceutical Quality Systems (PQS) regulations, the highest motivation for CI implementation amongst the Irish Pharma industry is to improve Productivity and Quality. The main obstacles highlighted for CI implementation in Pharma attributed to stringent regulatory regimes were fear of extra validation activity, a compliance versus quality culture, and a regulatory culture of being “safe”. Another relevant finding presented in this paper is that participants CI LSS tools are very strongly integrated into the pharma industries corrective and preventative action system, deviations, and internal audit systems. Limitations of the research are that all the data collected in the survey came from professionals working for multinational Pharmaceutical companies based in Ireland. The authors understand that this is the first research focused on the barriers and status of CI initiatives in the pharmaceutical industry. The results of this study represent an important step towards understanding the enablers and obstacles for the use of continuous improvement methodologies in pharmaceutical manufacturing industries on a global scale.

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Rogers, Ciana. "Pivoting Online: The Case of the Agri-food Sector." International Conference on Tourism Research 15, no. 1 (May 13, 2022): 568–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ictr.15.1.254.

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The debate concerning e-Commerce adoption is an evolving one that in the context of the current COVID-19 Pandemic has come centre stage. Although the shift towards e-Commerce platforms has been an increasing trend in recent years, Curtin (2020) states the current pandemic has accelerated consumers’ shifts toward e-Commerce by five years. As store closures and new enforcements became a reality, it forced many companies to pivot their online strategies overnight (Shadler et al, 2020). Since its inception in the late 90’s, e-Commerce adoption and research has championed the rise and the significant benefits of e-Commerce. Industries as diverse as financial, retail, manufacturing, and hospitality (Josanov, 2011; Kremez et al, 2019; Helper and MacDuffie, 2000; Hua, 2016) have embraced e-Commerce. By contrast, research into the use and level of adoption by Agri-food businesses indicates that this sector has not kept pace with this digital revolution. This is surprising given the importance of this sector worldwide. Indeed, it is one of the most important indigenous industries in Ireland in terms of employment, economic output, and export performance. However, there is scarce research found in the case for Irish Agri-food e-Commerce development, with limited industry reports available. Previous research elsewhere called for government support to encourage the move to online territory (Sparkes and Thomas, 2001; Sturiale and Scuderi, 2016), and the onset of COVID-19 furthered this. Numerous support agencies expanded on their current offerings in relation to digital support, although little is known around Agri-food businesses adoption of these. For this reason, this paper intends to add to the limited studies surrounding this important indigenous industry in Ireland within the widely dynamic topic of e-Commerce platforms. The focus of this paper is directed toward the adoption and integration of these online platforms during COVID-19, the benefits and challenges faced, the role of support agencies and further support suggested by SMEs through survey data. This study has both an academic and industry focus and hence aims to improve our understanding of online activity and digital support within this sector.

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10

Woodman, P. C. "Excavations at Mad Mans Window, Glenarm, Co. Antrim: Problems of Flint Exploitation in East Antrim." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 58, no. 1 (1992): 77–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00004102.

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This study examines the archaeological significance of the material from a group of Neolithic chipping floors rescued during the rebuilding of the Antrim coast road, at Mad Mans Window, south of Glenarm, Co. Antrim. It shows that the lithic production strategies vary significantly between assemblages although it is presumed that they are all Neolithic in date and come from the same area of coast. It is apparent that flint axe production was of limited importance on these sites and that in spite of the abundance of flint available along the Antrim coast, relatively few polished flint axes were manufactured. Instead the numerous flint caches found in adjacent parts of the north-east of Ireland tend to produce scrapers and blades. Hoards containing arrowheads may be confined to the Bronze Age.Around 300 polished flint axes and roughouts are known from Ireland. These are frequently small and only partially polished. A limited number of highly polished axes with ground flat side facets have been designated sub-type A. The tendency to use porcellanite rather than flint for axe manufacture may be due to its ability to withstand robust shock.During the last 100 years, the role of flint as a key resource in the stone age of north-eastern Ireland has always been recognized but this has usually led to an uncritical assumption as to the paramount importance of flint. Work in recent years has shown that its significance in attracting and retaining Mesolithic settlement may have been over-emphasized.The role of the flint industries in the Irish Neolithic in this region has never been properly assessed, either in relation to older Mesolithic manufacturing traditions or in the broader context of supply to the Neolithic communities of this part of Ireland.In particular, good or even reasonable quality flint is usually only exposed in Cretaceous outcrops along a narrow strip on the edge of the basalt plateau and, therefore, has a very limited availability in parts of Co. Antrim as well as parts of Counties Down and Deny. As a contrast, erratic and beach flint is available in some quantity down the east coast of Ireland from Co. Down to Wexford. A second potential constraining factor is that unlike Britain, where flint was exploited for axe manufacture in the east and other rocks in the west, flint sources and porcellanite for axe manufacturing are both found adjacent to each other in the same corner of Co. Antrim. In particular, a number of more substantial chipping floors of Neolithic age are known, e.g. the opencast quarry sites at Ballygalley Head. The purpose of this study is to assess the role of flint production on the Antrim coast with particular reference to its significance in the Neolithic. This topic will be developed in the context of an analysis of the material found at Mad Mans Window near Glenarm.

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11

Clohessy, Trevor, and Thomas Acton. "Investigating the influence of organizational factors on blockchain adoption." Industrial Management & Data Systems 119, no. 7 (August 12, 2019): 1457–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-08-2018-0365.

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Purpose Blockchain possesses the potential to disrupt and reshape a plethora of industries in the next decade. However, blockchain adoption rates in technology developed countries, such as Ireland, are relatively low. Motivated by blockchain’s potential to transform sociotechnical systems, the lack of systematic inquiry pertaining to blockchain studies from an information system perspective, the authors propose the following research question: “How do organizational factors influence blockchain adoption in organizations based in a developed country?” Specifically, the purpose of this paper is to elucidate the impact of organizational factors on the adoption of blockchain and the adoption of blockchain in companies based in Ireland. Design/methodology/approach A comprehensive literature review was conducted, and the methods of qualitative content analysis were used to identify the most important technology–organization–environment (TOE) blockchain adoption factors. Organizational factors are often viewed as the most significant determinants of IT innovation adoption in organizations. Consequently, using a multiple-case study of 20 companies based in Ireland, the authors investigate how the top three organizational factors identified from the blockchain literature affected these companies decision to adopt or not adopt blockchain. Findings The literature review on blockchain adoption identified specific technological, organizational and environmental factors. Furthermore, the case study findings identified three patterns: top management support and organizational readiness are enablers for blockchain adoption, and large companies are more likely to adopt blockchain than small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The authors explain these patterns by examining the nature of blockchain and the characteristics of Ireland as a developed country. Practical and scientific contributions are also presented. Research limitations/implications This study makes several important scientific contributions. First, the findings revealed that top management support and organizational readiness are significant enablers of blockchain adoption. Ireland is recognized as a technology developed country; however, the findings in relation to top management support contradict existing IT adoption literature pertaining to developed countries. Second, previous IT innovation adoption literature suggests that organizations size has a positive influence on a company’s IT innovation adoption process. This study demonstrates that large organizations are more likely to not only adopt blockchain but are also more likely to conduct increased levels of blockchain research and development activities. Finally, and most significantly, the authors identified several patterns, which relate specifically to Ireland as a developed country that influenced the findings. These findings could hold particular relevance to governments and organizations of other developed countries in terms of accelerating blockchain adoption. Practical implications The findings about the low level of blockchain awareness and the lack of information pertaining to viable business use cases indicate that the Irish government could play a more significant role in promoting the benefits of blockchain technologies. Further, the findings could also encourage IT providers to formulate enhanced strategies aimed at disseminating information pertaining to blockchain technologies. Second, the positive influence of top management support and organizational readiness, particularly about core competencies, on blockchain adoption suggests that equipping managers with the requisite knowledge and skills will be crucial in adopting these IT innovations. Finally, organizations who adopted blockchain used cloud-based blockchain platforms and tools to overcome the constraints of their initial low levels of organizational readiness. Originality/value This is one of the first studies to identify specific TOE blockchain adoption factors. Further, the authors examine how the three most identified organizational adoption factors impact organizations decisions to adopt blockchain. Finally, the authors discuss how the resulting three patterns identified by examining the nature of blockchain and the characteristics of Ireland as a technology developed country.

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12

O’Mahony, Lisa, Kerrie McCarthy, Josephine O’Donoghue, Seán Paul Teeling, Marie Ward, and Martin McNamara. "Using Lean Six Sigma to Redesign the Supply Chain to the Operating Room Department of a Private Hospital to Reduce Associated Costs and Release Nursing Time to Care." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (October 20, 2021): 11011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111011.

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Continuity of the supply chain is an integral element in the safe and timely delivery of health services. Lean Six Sigma (LSS), a continuous improvement approach, aims to drive efficiencies and standardisation in processes, and while well established in the manufacturing and supply chain industries, also has relevance in healthcare supply chain management. This study outlines the application of LSS tools and techniques within the supply chain of an Operating Room (OR) setting in a private hospital in Dublin, Ireland. A pre-/post-intervention design was employed following the Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve, Control (DMAIC) framework and applying LSS methodology to redesign the current process for stock management both within the OR storage area and within a pilot OR suite, through collaborative, inclusive, and participatory engagement with staff. A set of improvements were implemented to standardise and streamline the stock management in both areas. The main outcomes from the improvements implemented were an overall reduction in the value of stock held within the operating theatre by 17.7%, a reduction in the value of stock going out of date by 91.7%, and a reduction in the time spent by clinical staff preparing stock required for procedures by 45%, all demonstrating the effectiveness of LSS in healthcare supply chain management.

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13

Turley, Barry. "Northern Ireland manufacturing industrial rates campaign." Journal of Public Affairs 9, no. 3 (June 25, 2009): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pa.329.

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14

Roper, S. "The Principles of the ‘New Competition’: An Empirical Assessment of Ireland's Position." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 16, no. 3 (June 1998): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c160363.

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An assessment is provided of the extent to which industrial development policy and manufacturing firms in Ireland have embraced the four principles of the ‘New Competition’ outlined by Professor Michael Best. Comparisons with Germany arc made throughout the paper. A functional analysis of industrial development spending in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland suggests that less than a tenth of all expenditure is targeted at improving sectoral competitiveness. Less than 2% is aimed directly at developing collaboration and cooperation between firms, The remainder is counterstrategic, grant aiding the development of individual firms. Although plants in Ireland are found to have more extensive network linkages than those in Germany, these were predominantly between companies which were part of the same group rather than collaborative relationships between independent plants. The limited information available suggests that the production operations of manufacturing plants in Ireland are less flexible than those of German plants. In terms of product development, plants in Ireland had more multifunctional involvement and less functional demarcation than plants in Germany. Plants in Ireland also had similar product-quality aspirations to their German counterparts. Political and operational difficulties are likely to arise in the adoption of a more strategic industrial policy. Firms in Ireland may also be constrained by available human and financial resources in their attempts to embrace the principles of the New Competition.

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15

O'Farrell, P. N., and R. Crouchley. "Manufacturing-Plant Closures: A Dynamic Survival Model." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 19, no. 3 (March 1987): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a190313.

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In this paper the phenomenon of industrial closures among new plants which commenced production in Ireland between 1973 and 1981 is analysed. A major aim of the research is to develop a dynamic survival model of industrial plant closure which permits the introduction of time-constant and time-varying covariates. Results indicate that there is no duration-of-stay effect; that new British-owned branches are highly vulnerable; that grant aid reduces the chances of early closure; and that new clothing and footwear plants are more likely to close than are plants in other sectors.

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Roulac, Stephen, Alastair Adair, Stanley McGreal, Jim Berry, Louise Brown, and George Heaney. "Corporate strategic decision making." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 23, no. 4 (August 1, 2005): 364–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635780510602426.

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PurposeSeeks to explore recent studies in corporate real estate and to provide a comparative analysis of industrial corporations in Ireland and those in the non‐industrial sector with respect to their corporate real estate management objectives.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical investigation reports on a study undertaken in Ireland and compares results from companies in the industrial sector with companies in the non‐industrial sector. The methodology is based on a behavioural questionnaire targeted at the top 150 companies operating in Ireland and classified on the basis of number of employees.FindingsThe findings indicate that significant differences are apparent between companies in the industrial sector and companies not in the industrial sector in the use of real estate assets. In particular companies in the industrial/manufacturing sectors have weakly developed corporate real estate strategies.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitations derive from a relatively small sample size, a function of targeting the survey at senior executives. There are implications for companies in the under‐utilisation of real estate assets and the effects of this on corporate balance‐sheets requires further investigation.Originality/valueHighlights that companies in Ireland, notably those in the industrial sector, have some significant way to go in utilising their corporate real estate assets more effectively.

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Say, Daniel, Alistair J. Manning, Luke M. Western, Dickon Young, Adam Wisher, Matthew Rigby, Stefan Reimann, et al. "Global trends and European emissions of tetrafluoromethane (CF<sub>4</sub>), hexafluoroethane (C<sub>2</sub>F<sub>6</sub>) and octafluoropropane (C<sub>3</sub>F<sub>8</sub>)." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 3 (February 12, 2021): 2149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2149-2021.

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Abstract. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are amongst the most potent greenhouse gases listed under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). With atmospheric lifetimes on the order of thousands to tens of thousands of years, PFC emissions represent a permanent alteration to the global atmosphere on human timescales. While the industries responsible for the vast majority of these emissions – aluminium smelting and semi-conductor manufacturing – have made efficiency improvements and introduced abatement measures, the global mean mole fractions of three PFCs, namely tetrafluoromethane (CF4, PFC-14), hexafluoroethane (C2F6, PFC-116) and octafluoropropane (C3F8, PFC-218), continue to grow. In this study, we update baseline growth rates using in situ high-frequency measurements from the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) and, using data from four European stations, estimate PFC emissions for northwest Europe. The global growth rate of CF4 decreased from 1.3 ppt yr−1 in 1979 to 0.6 ppt yr−1 around 2010 followed by a renewed steady increase to 0.9 ppt yr−1 in 2019. For C2F6, the growth rate grew to a maximum of 0.125 ppt yr−1 around 1999, followed by a decline to a minimum of 0.075 ppt yr−1 in 2009, followed by weak growth thereafter. The C3F8 growth rate was around 0.007 ppt yr−1 until the early 1990s and then quickly grew to a maximum of 0.03 ppt yr−1 in 2003–2004. Following a period of decline until 2012 to 0.015 ppt yr−1, the growth rate slowly increased again to ∼ 0.017 ppt yr−1 in 2019. We used an inverse modelling framework to infer PFC emissions for northwest Europe. No statistically significant trend in regional emissions was observed for any of the PFCs assessed. For CF4, European emissions in early years were linked predominantly to the aluminium industry. However, we link large emissions in recent years to a chemical manufacturer in northwest Italy. Emissions of C2F6 are linked to a range of sources, including a semi-conductor manufacturer in Ireland and a cluster of smelters in Germany's Ruhr valley. In contrast, northwest European emissions of C3F8 are dominated by a single source in northwest England, raising the possibility of using emissions from this site for a tracer release experiment.

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Tipping, Brian. "Piecework and Industrial Relations Problems in ‘Other Manufacturing’ in Northern Ireland." British Journal of Industrial Relations 28, no. 2 (July 1990): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8543.1990.tb00368.x.

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Grant, Noeleen, Trevor Cadden, Ronan McIvor, and Paul Humphreys. "A taxonomy of manufacturing strategies in manufacturing companies in Ireland." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 24, no. 4 (April 29, 2013): 488–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17410381311327378.

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20

Coughlan, Paul, Mary Keating, and Marian Bergin. "Towards an understanding of continuous improvement in manufacturing industry in Ireland." International Journal of Technology Management 14, no. 1 (1997): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtm.1997.001707.

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Bates, Andrew M., Donal Hughes, Martin Hussey, and Patrick T. Connolly. "Challenges to a micromanufacturing industry in Ireland." International Journal of Nanomanufacturing 1, no. 4 (2007): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijnm.2007.014573.

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22

MacMahon, Juliet. "Employee relations in small firms in Ireland: An exploratory study of small manufacturing firms." Employee Relations 18, no. 5 (October 1996): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01425459610129399.

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23

Popkiss, Doug. "Irlandus Circuits Ltd, Craigavon, N. Ireland." Circuit World 21, no. 4 (April 1995): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb044049.

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O’Malley, Patti. "Mothering ‘Outsider’ Children: White Women in Black/White Interracial Families in Ireland." Genealogy 6, no. 2 (April 19, 2022): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6020027.

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The mixed-race family constellation has emerged as a regular feature of the Irish familial landscape. Such a demographic change invariably leads to the increased presence of white women who are mothering across racialised boundaries. Moreover, in the Irish context, the racial category of whiteness is privileged at a structural level and remains a central organising principle of Irishness as a mode of national belonging. This paper, therefore, sets out to address the specific gap in the literature related to the racialised experiences of the white mother of mixed-race (i.e., black African/white Irish) children in contemporary Ireland as these women are, in effect, mothering ‘outsider’ children in a context of white supremacy. More specifically, how does the positioning of these women’s mixed-race children impact their subjectivities as mothers categorised normatively as white and Irish? Framed by critical whiteness literature, this paper draws on in-depth interviews with twelve white Irish mothers. Data analysis broadly revealed three themes as relates to the women’s negotiations of the racialising discourses and practices which impact their family units. Findings suggest that these women no longer occupy the default position of whiteness as a category of racial privilege and a condition of ‘structured invisibility’. Perhaps, most significantly, the lived reality of these women disturbs the hegemonic conflation of the categories white and Irish. This paper, therefore, extends our theoretical understanding of both whiteness and mixed-race studies.

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Emma-Ikata, Diseph, and Mary Doyle-Kent. "Industry 5.0 Readiness – “Optimization of the Relationship between Humans and Robots in Manufacturing Companies in Southeast of Ireland”." IFAC-PapersOnLine 55, no. 39 (2022): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.12.071.

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Ó Direáin, Séamas. "Observing linguistic evolution in an Irish archipelago." Journal of Linguistic Geography 9, no. 1 (April 2021): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2021.3.

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AbstractThis article describes the results of a research project carried out over a period of 25 years on the spoken Irish Gaelic of the Aran Islands, Co. Galway, Ireland. It combines microdialectology with sociolinguistics and investigates a wide range of phonological, grammatical, and lexical variables. In addition to revealing complex patterns of geolinguistic variation involving small local areas on the main island and on neighboring islands, it also shows the clear influence of age, gender, and individual creativity on the patterns of variation.

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Shaw, Richard. "The Migratory Pathways of Labourers and Legislation: From Érin to Aotearoa." Genealogy 6, no. 4 (October 10, 2022): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040083.

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This article addresses the process and consequences of colonisation by studying the migration of both legislative frameworks and one person who helped give those structures material effect in Aotearoa New Zealand. It situates the story of my great-grandfather—who migrated from Ireland in 1874, participated in te pāhua (the plunder) of Parihaka pā in 1881, and returned to Taranaki in 1893 to farmland taken from Māori—in the context of an institutional environment adapted from Irish antecedents to the particulars of Aotearoa. More specifically, I wish to (1) assess the extent to which statutory provision for the confiscation of Māori land and the establishment of the New Zealand Armed Constabulary was based on Irish templates; (2) connect those arrangements to the social and economic transformation my ancestor underwent; and (3) explore the significance of that historical legacy for descendants of my great-grandfather.

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Ciupercă, Ella Magdalena, Noeleen Donnelly, Aisling Gartland, and Alexandru Stanciu. "The Digital Divide in Education - Macrocultural Comparative Analysis between Ireland and Romania." IFAC-PapersOnLine 55, no. 39 (2022): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.12.018.

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Ghadimi, Pezhman, Shane O'Neill, Chao Wang, and John W. Sutherland. "Analysis of enablers on the successful implementation of green manufacturing for Irish SMEs." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 32, no. 1 (August 24, 2020): 85–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-10-2019-0382.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify a comprehensive list of main enablers of successful implementation of green manufacturing (GM) practices in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Based on the inputs from Irish SMEs' experts, a validated conceptual hierarchy model of the identified enablers is developed to analyse and prioritise the most dominant ones.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using a questionnaire survey responded by various professionals in Irish manufacturing SMEs. Experts' opinions were analysed using interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) to distinguish the mutual influences amongst the nine identified enablers.FindingsThe findings revealed that from the Irish SMEs' perspective, strong green supply chain relations are the outcome of successfully implementing GM and not a driver of the other enablers. Furthermore, lower manufacturing costs are found to arise as a result of GM practices in SMEs.Practical implicationsIt is discussed that emulating the actions of larger companies will not necessarily yield the same results for SMEs. Innovation will become a cornerstone of remaining competitive in a sustainable environment, which is facilitated by closer green supply chain relations.Originality/valueThe reported findings in this article contribute to theory and practice of GM and SMEs research domains by systematically identified, classified and ranked enablers in a conceptual hierarchal model from the perspective of Irish SMEs. This research lays the foundations for further analysis of the GM practices enablers in a time when UN mandates and EU regulations are increasingly impacting SMEs all around Europe and especially Ireland.

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Stemmler, Mark, Sophia M. V. Schneider, and Leonard W. Poon. "The Application of the SKT Short Cognitive Performance Test to English-Speaking Populations." Psych 3, no. 4 (November 24, 2021): 717–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/psych3040046.

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The SKT (Syndrom-Kurz-Test) is a well-established short cognitive performance test for the detection of attention and memory deficits in Germany. The goal of this paper is to test whether the SKT could be applied to English-speaking populations to screen cognitive impairments in the US, Australia, and Ireland. A regression-based continuous norming technique was applied. Standardized test results obtained from German-speaking (n = 1056) and English-speaking (n = 285) samples were compared. Both samples consisted of cognitively unimpaired, community-dwelling, and independently living volunteers (non-patients) over 60 years of age. Means, medians, and standard deviations of raw scores were calculated. A high similarity in the raw value distributions of the criterion variables and a comparison of German and English multiple regression residuals indicated the equivalence among the samples. In addition, the obtained multiple regression equations for predicting the subtest scores including the explained variances (R2) were highly comparable. Age and intelligence turned out to be the most important and necessary predictors for each subtest performance. The results suggest that the new regression-based norming of the SKT can be validly used in the three English-speaking countries.

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O’Neill, Martin A., and Margaret A. Black. "Current quality issues in the Northern Ireland tourism sector." TQM Magazine 8, no. 1 (February 1996): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09544789610107216.

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Sgobba, A., and C. Meskell. "On-site renewable electricity production and self consumption for manufacturing industry in Ireland: Sensitivity to techno-economic conditions." Journal of Cleaner Production 207 (January 2019): 894–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.09.260.

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Donohoe, E., R. Courtney, E. McManus, J. Cheng, and T. Barry. "The impact of COVID-19 on Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery patient presentations to the emergency department: A West of Ireland experience." Advances in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2 (April 2021): 100061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adoms.2021.100061.

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Doyle-Kent, Mary, Brenda O'Neill, Breda Walsh Shanahan, John Organ, Liam Doyle, Sinead O'Neill, Orlagh Costello, and Noeleen Donnelly. "A Research Cluster's Vision for a Pilot Factory in the South East Technological University of Ireland." IFAC-PapersOnLine 55, no. 39 (2022): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.12.028.

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Dunbar, Robert Douglas. "Elegies and Laments in the Nova Scotia Gaelic Song Tradition: Conservatism and Innovation." Genealogy 6, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6010003.

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Gaelic-speaking emigrants brought with them a massive body of oral tradition, including a rich and varied corpus of song–poetry, and many of the emigrants were themselves highly skilled song-makers. Elegies were a particularly prominent genre that formed a crucially important aspect of the sizeable amount of panegyric verse for members of the Gaelic aristocracy, which is a tradition dating back to the Middle Ages. This contribution will demonstrate that elegies retained a prominent place in the Gaelic tradition in the new world Gaelic communities established in many parts of Canada and in particular in eastern Nova Scotia. In many respects, the tradition is a conservative one: there are strong elements of continuity. One important difference is the subjects for whom elegies were composed: in the new world context, praise for clan chiefs and other members of the traditional Gaelic aristocracy were no longer of relevance, although a small number were composed primarily out of a sense of personal obligation for patronage shown in the Old Country. Instead—and as was increasingly happening in the nineteenth century in Scotland, as well—the deaths of new community leaders, including clergy, and other prominent Gaels were recorded in verse. The large number of songs composed to mark the deaths of community members is also important—particularly young people lost at sea and in other tragic circumstances, occasionally in military service, and so forth. In these song–poems, we see local poets playing a role assumed by song-makers throughout Gaelic-speaking Scotland and Ireland: that of spokespeople for the community as a whole.

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Helland, Janice. "'Caprices of Fashion': Handmade Lace in Ireland 1883–1907." Textile History 39, no. 2 (November 2008): 193–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174329508x347089.

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Doyle-Kent, Mary, and Breda Walsh Shanahan. "The development of a novel educational model to successfully upskill technical workers for Industry 5.0: Ireland a case study." IFAC-PapersOnLine 55, no. 39 (2022): 425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.12.072.

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McIntosh, James, Andrew Flanagan, Nora Madden, Maurice Mulcahy, Lawrence Dargan, Michael Walker, and Duncan Thorburn Burns. "Awareness of coeliac disease and the gluten status of ‘gluten-free’ food obtained on request in catering outlets in Ireland." International Journal of Food Science & Technology 46, no. 8 (May 20, 2011): 1569–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02656.x.

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ALLEN, W. J. J., E. P. CURRAN, and J. J. T. STEWART. "A DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURE KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEM IN PRINTED BOARD ASSEMBLY PRODUCTION FOR NORTHERN TELECOM (NORTHERN IRELAND LTD.)." Journal of Electronics Manufacturing 05, no. 01 (March 1995): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0960313195000098.

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Macklin, Conor, and Esperanza Johnson. "Smartphone-based augmented reality avatars to improve secondary students course engagement." Avances en Interacción Humano-Computadora, no. 1 (November 21, 2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.47756/aihc.y6i1.91.

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Education has suffered an unprecedented disruption due to the COVID-19 pandemic, impacting the provision of in-person education at all levels worldwide with temporary suspension or limited in-person sessions and the increased use of remote classes. These atypical learning conditions can have potentially harmful effects on students who require more guidance and benefit more from in-person interaction with teachers and other students. This paper presents the design of a solution that uses smartphone-based Augmented Reality (AR) avatars of teachers to improve students' engagement. The approach presented has been designed considering the feedback from teachers and students of Secondary level in Northern Ireland. As most students in developed and developing countries own and regularly use smartphones, we consider that the proposed solution would benefit students in Mexico and other countries.

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Coughlan, Damian, and Colin Fitzpatrick. "Trialling the preparation for reuse of consumer ICT WEEE in Ireland." Journal of Cleaner Production 256 (May 2020): 120512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120512.

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Dey, Shreya, Brian Caulfield, and Bidisha Ghosh. "Modelling uncertainty of vehicular emissions inventory: A case study of Ireland." Journal of Cleaner Production 213 (March 2019): 1115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.125.

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Brooks, Tara, John Spillane, Paul Tansey, and Caroline Hendron. "The impact of the recent economic recession on the operation of the NEC contract in Northern Ireland." Construction Management and Economics 34, no. 6 (June 2, 2016): 393–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2016.1194522.

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Finnegan, William, Jamie Goggins, Eoghan Clifford, and Xinmin Zhan. "Global warming potential associated with dairy products in the Republic of Ireland." Journal of Cleaner Production 163 (October 2017): 262–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.08.025.

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Thellufsen, Jakob Zinck, Steffen Nielsen, and Henrik Lund. "Implementing cleaner heating solutions towards a future low-carbon scenario in Ireland." Journal of Cleaner Production 214 (March 2019): 377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.303.

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Kang, Namkil. "A Comparative Analysis of Search for and Look for in Four Corpora." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 3 (March 28, 2022): 168–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.93.11980.

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The main goal of this paper is to compare search for and look for in the TV Corpus (TVC), the Movie Corpus (MC), the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), and the British National Corpus (BNC). When it comes to the TV Corpus, it is interesting to point out that look for was preferable to search for in the TV programs of America, the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Ireland. A further point to note is that the frequency of search for (1,898 tokens) and look for (5,423 tokens) reached a peak in the 2010s. With respect to the Movie Corpus, it is interesting to note that look for was favored over search for in the movies of six countries. More interestingly, search for (515 tokens) and look for (2,259 tokens) reached a peak in the 2010s. The COCA clearly shows that search for truth (369 tokens) and look for ways (566 tokens) are the most preferred by Americans. It is significant to note, on the other hand, that 36.36% of forty four nouns are the collocations of both search for and look for in the COCA. Similarly, the BNC shows that search for evidence (19 tokens) is the most commonly used one in the UK, whereas look for work (34 tokens) is the most widely used one. Finally, it is noteworthy that 17.64% of fifty one nouns are the collocations of both search for and look for in the BNC.

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Lewis, Huw, and Bill Gaughran. "Editorial for the Special Issue of RCIM for FAIM 2006 16th International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing, University of Limerick, June 26–28, 2006, Limerick, Ireland." Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 23, no. 6 (December 2007): 599–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcim.2007.08.001.

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Alam, Md Saniul, Paul Duffy, Bernard Hyde, and Aonghus McNabola. "Downscaling national road transport emission to street level: A case study in Dublin, Ireland." Journal of Cleaner Production 183 (May 2018): 797–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.206.

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Bakırlıoğlu, Yekta, and Muireann McMahon. "Co-learning for sustainable design: The case of a circular design collaborative project in Ireland." Journal of Cleaner Production 279 (January 2021): 123474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123474.

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Jiang, Yan, Yizhen Zhang, Shun Wang, Zhongzhong Wang, Yanchen Liu, Zhenhu Hu, and Xinmin Zhan. "Improved environmental sustainability and bioenergy recovery through pig manure and food waste on-farm co-digestion in Ireland." Journal of Cleaner Production 280 (January 2021): 125034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125034.

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