Journal articles on the topic 'Manufacturing industries – Economic aspects – Japan'
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1
Shkura, Iryna S., and Oleksii O. Yaloza. "PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF ELABORATION OF INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT PROJECT IN EDUCATION SPHERE IN JAPAN." Європейський вектор економічного розвитку 1, no. 32 (June 2022): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2074-5362-2022-1-32-10.
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In Japan, one of the strongest economies in the world and home to 125 million people, proficiency in English language is associated with the huge advantages and signifies privilege since the Meiji era when English was used as a tool by Japanese elite in a technological catch-up with the West. The seven years of U.S. occupation of the country after the Second World War have also left a big impact on the Japan’s economic, political and social development. The reconstruction of Japan aided by Americans altered the perception of Japanese people, associating English language with such ideas like freedom and democracy. During the seven years of occupation the country faced a lot of political and economic changes, including liberalization, and was slowly transitioning its central industries from agriculture to light manufacturing and later to heavy manufacturing. The economy of Japan has been slowly recovering from an era of economic stagnation, it is on the path of the moderate growth. Today, it is the third strongest economy with the nominal GDP of about $5.06 trillion that is focused on advanced manufacturing and export, agriculture, fishing and tourism. Japan is very special and different from other countries; a lot of great companies and unique business practices were born there. It is also leading in high-tech innovations and manufacturing. While having a lot of opportunities for various businesses, being politically stable and safe country, its bureaucracy and the comparative difficulty of doing business for foreigners makes it a controversial but potentially rewarding choose for an investment project. In the recent years, the necessity of knowing how to communicate in English has increased significantly. The school program focuses mainly on such skills as reading and writing, and a lot of attempts to reform the system has failed. That is why parents and students are approaching private language schools to master the abilities of speaking and listening. In addition, English teaching is one of the most popular jobs for foreigners in Japan. The language school market is quite saturated, but at given circumstances it can be very rewarding. The idea of the investment project is to create a private language school that will focus on giving Japanese people the practical English skills. The project involves the creation of Gōdō Kaisha (a Japanese analogue to the LLC). This type of incorporation fits the company best, considering the size and scale of the activities. As the company is not planning to issue certificates, the need for special licensing from the state is absent. Appointing a representative director is obligatory in Japan, but GK, allows to appoint a representative director who is not a resident in Japan. The company plans to hire the foreigners already living in Japan, that way the company will be
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Nikitin, L. V. "FINANCIAL STORMS IN THE PACIFIC: THE USA–JAPAN COMPETITION IN THE BANKING SECTOR (1970–2020)." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 4(59) (2022): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2022-4-51-61.
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The article deals with half a century of historical development (from the early 1970s to the present) of one of the key aspects of US-Japan political and economic relations – competition between the banking systems of these countries. Particular focus on this pair of financial forces is due to their leading positions in the global banking industry for many decades. The research is based on the 50-year series of statistical data, as well as national legislation, periodicals and memoirs. It is shown that the leadership of the USA in the banking sector, still retained by the early 1970s, looked increasingly less solid in the face of the rapid advance of Japanese financial groups (which, in turn, was connected with the “Japanese economic miracle” in the sphere of manufacturing). In the 1970s and 1980s, Japan not only surpassed the United States in banking performance, but also became the new dominant in the sector. Nevertheless, during the general slowdown of the Japanese economy over the next two decades, the banking leadership passed to the United States again. In both countries, these dramatic reversals were accompanied by profound reforms of national banking systems, with a clear similarity in the chronology and direction of transformations. Soon after the global recession of 2008–2009, the banking industries of the USA and Japan (closely tied, similar in regulation methods, and comparable in sizes) have entered relatively smooth trajectories. Now, however, both countries are lagging behind the new banking superpower of China.
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Taraniuk, Leonid M., and Hongzhou Qiu. "Scientific Aspects of the Formation of the Logistics System of Agricultural Companies." Mechanism of an Economic Regulation 2021, no. 4 (2021): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mer.2021.94.09.
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The use of research in the field of logistics management of agricultural companies allows increasing the level of information access and transparency of information on the economic feasibility of logistics systems of agricultural companies in China. We need leverage to influence the dissemination of science and the ability to obtain initial data on the logistics management of agricultural enterprises. This article analyses the work of representatives of international scientific schools and Chinese scientists on research of the logistics management system in the work of agricultural companies. The main elements of scientific research, containing theoretical provisions, methodological support in the study of logistics systems of agricultural companies. The concept of scientific research in the formation of the logistics system of agricultural companies, which contains the theoretical provisions of logistics management, methodological support for monitoring the product potential of logistics systems of agricultural companies, the formation of a system of indicators of logistics systems. Scientific principles of formation of logistic system of agricultural companies are offered, which include principles of system integrity, principles of voluntariness, principles of balance, principles of adaptation to peculiarities of agricultural production, principles of increasing basic competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, principles of integration and new construction. The volumes of the main agricultural products in physical terms of China, Japan, USA, Canada, France, Germany and the main indicators of efficiency of agricultural products of China and developed countries in terms of costs, productivity, capital turnover, stock, value-added in GDP. The general conclusion of scientific research and prospects of further scientific research are formed.
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Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad, Naoyuki Yoshino, and Yugo Inagaki. "Empirical analysis of factors influencing the price of solar modules." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 77–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-05-2018-0005.
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Purpose One of the key drivers behind the recent growth in the global solar energy market is the decline in solar module prices. Many empirical analyses have been carried out to identify the mechanism behind this price reduction. However, studies on the price reduction mechanism of solar modules over the years have focused purely on the technological aspect of manufacturing. The purpose of this study is to consider the influence of economic and monetary factors such as the interest rate and exchange rate on solar module pricing in addition to other factors that considered in earlier studies including technology, wage rate and other energy prices. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, an oligopolistic model and econometric method are used to determine the economic factors that have an influence on solar module prices. The paper constructs a solar module pricing model and conducts a fully modified ordinary least squares analysis to estimate the influence of each factor. Analysis is conducted for the top five solar module producing countries in the world from 1997 to 2015. The five countries are the People’s Republic of China, Germany, Japan, the Republic of Korea and the USA. Findings Empirical analysis provides several findings concerning the solar module pricing mechanism. These vary for each country. However, generally the interest rate has a positive correlation with solar module prices, while the exchange rate, knowledge stock and oil price have a negative correlation with solar module prices. Practical implications First, the government must expand channels for renewable energy funding. As renewable industries are high-tech, the influence that capital cost has on technology price is significant. Government efforts to provide industries with low-interest finance will accelerate renewable business. There have been many attempts to lower interest rates for renewable energy technology to accelerate growth in the green technology market. Second, the government must expand research and development (R&D) expenditures focused on renewable energy technology. The technological advancements acquired through R&D enhance module performance efficiency, thereby reducing costs. Therefore, government policies aimed at increasing targeted R&D expenditure will be an effective means of expanding the installation of renewable energies. Originality/value Studies on the price reduction mechanism of solar modules over the years have focused purely on the technological aspect of the manufacturing. This is the first research to bring economic, monetary and technological factors of solar module pricing together.
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FROLOV, A. V. "Public-Private Partnership as Timely Innovation Factor of the USA." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 11, no. 2 (August 27, 2018): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2018-11-2-151-165.
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PPP (public-private partnership) is traditionally considered as a supplementary tool of spurring economic activity in specific areas. But in innovations such a union proves to become especially vital in modern situation of NBIC-revolution (Industrial Revolution 4.0). The article examines why and how a Network of Radical Innovation PPPs in USA (Manufacturing USATM) became the major zest of Obama’s economic policy and what can be done for their more active development under President D. Trump, should such a will become real under his rule. As shown below, the Manufacturing USA Network creates basis for Greenfield birth and/or sprouting of new NBIC-technologies through traditional industrial clusters, reviving their most perspective segments and elements and thus giving chances for new sustainable competitive growth of USA economy within global market. Notwithstanding general assumption of US national innovation system as decentralized and based on private innovation entrepreneurship (corporations), contemporary economic reality gives little chance for US firms to be competitive in cutting- edge technologies of the future without pre-competitive cooperation with each-others, with the State and with academic sector (research universities) using smart PPP models. Radical innovation PPPs (RIPPPs), thus, are turning into indispensable new element of US innovation mechanism. Perspectives of US innovation and industrial system without RIPPPs look gloomy as without joint federal and academic support US-based corporations (both transnational corporations and nationally-oriented firms) cannot timely obtain substantial sustainable competitive technological advantage over their foreign counterparts. Usage of PPP tool is not uncommon for America as back in 1987 USA established world’s first Innovation PPP called SEMATECH aimed at fostering semiconductor industry in face of Japan growing global leadership in semiconductors. But today such cooperation is needed throughout a bunch of mutually-dependent and interconnected NBIC- technologies among which IT is only a separate one. The article shows that RIPPP system has both theoretical, pragmatic and political aspects and US leading parties do not coincide on this important subject. Author proves that RIPPP is in the interest of all sectors of economy as RIPPPs develop mainly radical general- purpose technologies (as, for example, was ICT-technology for USA in 1980-1990). Notwithstanding that no progress yet made in Innovation PPPs by administration of D. Trump, Manufacturing USA net grows and new international innovation partnerships with US participation demonstrate growing internation al importance of such cooperation: BRAIN Initiative declared at the Australian Academy of Science in Canberra in December 2017 by representatives of the United States, Australia, Europe, Japan and Korea is declared to unite USA with major countries of former Trans-Pacific Partnership Trade Agreement, TPP (Including USA, Australia, Japan, Korea) notwithstanding the fact that D. Trump forced USA to leave TPP in 2017. This International RIPPP is the first example of precompetitive cooperation in artificial intelligence (AI) field. International RIPPPs tend to form an important new node in global innovation system.
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Palapa, N., M. Toniuk, O. Nagorniuk, and H. Hutsol. "Development of rural areas in Ukraine through the prism of experience of developed countries: ecological and social aspects." Balanced nature using, no. 2 (May 20, 2021): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.2.2021.242073.
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The peculiarities of rural development of developed countries are studied and it is established that the governments of developed economies, in particular USA, Canada, China, EU countries, Japan, seek to create effective mechanisms for sustainable (ecologically balanced) rural development, promote rural national traditions, change the quality of thinking and the way of life of the rural population. The main problems of rural development of Ukraine in terms of social and environmental aspects are highlighted. Although the problem of land degradation remains relevant, there is no effective mechanism to address it, including through a subsidy program that would address the national code of sustainable agricultural practices. The solution of these problems necessitates the development of a radically different approach to substantiate the provisions of agricultural policy of the state in terms of increasing the profitability of business entities in the agricultural sector of Ukraine and the sustainability of socio-ecological and economic development of rural areas. residents of rural areas. The directions of improvement of development of rural territories in Ukraine, taking into account ecological and social aspects of experience of the developed countries are revealed.
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Tkachenko, O., I. Kulaga, L. Kozlovska, O. Shvidanenko, and T. Busarieva. "The impact of knowledge components on the world competitiveness." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 1 (2021): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2021-1/198.
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Purpose. To analyze the impact of the knowledge component on the level of global competitiveness of the world. Methodology. The methodological basis of the article is the methods and forms of scientific knowledge adopted in domestic science, such as system approaches, comparative and synthesis methods, methods of abstract logical evaluation, methods of detailing, groupings and generalizations, experts evaluations; dynamics series, logic analysis, paired and multiple correlation techniques. Moreover, the Google Trends search engine was used, since the use of this search tool allowed drawing the following conclusions: searches for both concepts in the world and in Ukraine are substantially different: both concepts in the global space, particularly in countries with a high level of competitiveness, are hardly in demand. Findings. Knowledge as an economic category and practical skill permeates all spheres of human life. Currently, knowledge formation is concentrated within TNCs localized in the developed countries of the world (the USA, Singapore, the EU countries, Japan, and others), which is confirmed by the level of competitiveness of the economy of these countries and high ranking of the knowledge component in it. In the overall rating of competitiveness of the influence of the components of the knowledge economy, Ukraine ranks below average, while science now barely crosses the threshold of performing a sociocultural function and begins to perform a cognitive one. Originality. Globalization processes and technological revolution of recent decades have transformed knowledge and intellectual capital into key drivers of competitiveness in the world. We have formed and studied groups of subjective (regional and state policy, which determines the quality of economic and financial processes, as well as the management of the public sector) and objective (geographic, natural and climatic conditions, the degree of sufficiency in raw materials, infrastructure, and others) factors affecting competitiveness of countries. According to the research results, the use of this approach allows for continuous monitoring of the competitiveness level of social and economic indicators in order to identify and eliminate bottlenecks in various levels of state management. Practical value. The authors approach suggested is recommended to be used by scientific institutes, universities, government bodies and services for monitoring socio-economic indicators included in the groups of objective and subjective factors in order to form a holistic understanding and systematic analysis of the influence of the competitiveness of the knowledge component on different aspects of the countrys social and economic life.
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Liu, Mengyuan, Tomohumi Huzita, Akito Murano, Chun Sheng Goh, and Chihiro Kayo. "Economic Ripple Effects Analysis of Cross-Laminated Timber Manufacturing in Japan." Forests 14, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14030492.
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Japan has been actively promoting the various uses of timber to efficiently utilize its plantation forests and contribute to its climate commitments. Cross-laminated timber (CLT), owing to its unique structural characteristics and environmental advantages, has received widespread attention in Japan. Being a high-value-added timber, CLT’s value chain involves various industries, including forestry, timber processing, transportation, construction, and civil engineering. However, the economic impact associated with the increasing production and use of CLT is ambiguous. Targeting CLT manufacturers in Japan, this study evaluated the economic ripple effects of CLT through an input–output analysis, which is a method that is used to evaluate the independent association between different economic sectors and industries. An extended input–output table was established according to the survey of revenue and expenditure data of the largest CLT manufacturers in Japan in 2020. The result was compared with the glued-laminated timber (GLT) scenario at the same final demand value. The results showed that activities not elsewhere classified, timber, logs, road freight transport (except self-transport), and wholesale trade were the top five sectors that had the largest economic impact on CLT manufacturing. Our research has implications for policies and programs to promote the revival of forestry and sustainable development of the timber industry in Japan.
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Yamane, Eiji. "Entrepreneurship Education in the Fifth Grade's Social Studies Unit in Japan." Citizenship, Social and Economics Education 3, no. 2 (June 1998): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/csee.1998.3.2.94.
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As a part of the national curriculum in Japanese elementary schools, there is a social studies unit entitled ‘manufacturing industries in Japan’ in the fifth grade. This unit is mandatory as are other units in this subject. There is a nationwide non-government educational group, which is pursuing problem-solving social studies education. Some teachers from a prominent elementary school who belong to the group have developed and practised lessons teaching ‘manufacturing industries in Japan’. They commonly stressed the entrepreneurship of a manager of a medium size manufacturing company in the school district. They also stressed that the manager adopted innovative management strategies and industrial technologies. In the lessons students learned entrepreneurship and gained economic awareness. The author shows the processes and the economic educational meanings of the lessons.
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Boiko, Olena. "Innovative aspects of industrial enterprises activity in process manufacturing industry of Ukraine." University Economic Bulletin, no. 42 (June 19, 2019): 30–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2019-42-30-49.
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The manufacturing industry for a long period of time remains the most important and vital economic activity in the international arena, is a priority in ensuring the security of the state, forming the structure of export trade, promoting the development of other industries. In carrying out the research, the main problem that is relevant in today's conditions is identified - the main imperatives of the development of processing industries on an innovative basis. The peculiarities of the innovation activities of the processing industries, including through the development of scientific and industrial parks, clusters were covered in their scientific works by eminent specialists. The problems of functioning of the food and metallurgical industries on an innovation basis, including through the creation of organizational forms of innovation, are actively investigated by scientists. However, it requires a more detailed further study, in particular, in the development of proposals for the improvement of legislative and other regulatory acts on the activities of scientific, industrial and technological parks, clusters, which can be mechanisms for the innovative development of processing industries. The setting of tasks consists in defining the basic principles for the development of innovative activities of the processing industries in the context of Ukraine’s European integration the study of the main trends in the innovative development of the processing industry in Ukraine in recent years, as well as the development of proposals for improving legislative and other regulatory acts on the activities of science parks, industrial and technological parks, clusters. The aim of the study is to identify innovative aspects of the activities of industrial enterprises of the processing industry of Ukraine. The main methods that were used in the process of conducting a study are analysis, statistical, comparisons, research of documents, legal regulation. Review of domestic experience in the functioning of the processing industry, in particular the food industry and the development of metallurgy in Ukraine in modern conditions of European integration. The features of the current state of development of the food industry in Ukraine are investigated. An assessment of the main economic indicators of the domestic food industry on an innovative basis. The positive aspects of development and the factors constraining the functioning of the food industry are identified. The main development trends are analyzed, the problems and risks of the innovation activities of domestic metallurgical enterprises are identified. Potential areas of cooperation in the functioning of the food and metallurgical industry, particularly in the aspect of the development of special forms of organization of innovation in the context of Ukraine’s European integration, are substantiated. Certain features of the institutional support of the functioning of the processing industries of Ukraine on the basis of innovation. Developed proposals for the further functioning of the processing industries in Ukraine. The field of application of the research results is socio-economic development. One of the main prerequisites for sustainable economic development of the country is the accelerated expansion of the processing industry in Ukraine. The growth of the level of competitiveness of domestic producers is possible through the introduction of institutional mechanisms of state regulation. Considerable attention should be paid to increasing the volume and quality of products in the food and metallurgical industries through systematic technical and economic renewal of enterprises, introduction of innovations that contribute to creating high-quality and safe products, creating and developing forms of organizing innovative activities, as well as attracting investments and creating favorable investment climate.
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Mukiwihando, Rynalto. "DETERMINANTS OF JAPAN MANUFACTURING EXPORT PERFORMANCE." E-Mabis: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen dan Bisnis 22, no. 1 (October 30, 2019): 174–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/e-mabis.v20i2.438.
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Export has been believed as an ultimate engine for economic growth. There are many tools to boost export performance. Among of them are foreign networks, RD activities and firms’ size. A bigger opportunity of overseas market, innovative products and competitive prices are the expected outcome of applying those aforementioned settings within the segmented businesses. This paper aims to obtain empirical insight of the factors that may influence export performance. Employing Japanese manufacturing sector export performance, as one of the leading industries in the world, the study explore the linkage between those three preceding factors to export performance improvement in Japan. Study results shows that research and development activities as well as firm’s size play critical roles within the improvement of Japanese manufacturing export performance. Whereas foreign networks, which denoted by foreign subsidiaries, has an insignificant positive contribution to export performance. Future studies may give in-depth focus on the foreign networks issues within a longer period of study. The implication of this study is addressing these two essential issues, RD activities and firms’ size, to the policy making processes in achieving optimal results of manufacturing export performance
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MIYATA, YUZURU, HIROYUKI SHIBUSAWA, and TOMOAKI FUJII. "ECONOMIC IMPACT OF SUBSIDY POLICIES TO ELECTRIC VEHICLE SOCIETY IN TOYOHASHI CITY IN JAPAN — A CGE-MODELING APPROACH." Singapore Economic Review 63, no. 02 (March 2018): 409–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590817400185.
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In this paper, we explore the economic impact of promotion and realization of an electric vehicle society (EVS). More concretely, this paper emphasizes a computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling approach to evaluate the following issues: economic impacts of subsidies for promotion of an EVS, the possibility of price reductions, industrial structure change toward an EVS, and modal shift occurring toward an EVS. Our simulation results demonstrate that after applying 5–25% up subsidies to five industries, such as electric vehicle (EV) manufacturing, EV transport, solar power, cogeneration and other transport, the total industrial output and city GDP increase. A large growth rate is found in industries where subsidies are introduced alone with non-ferrous metal industry. However, it is interesting that decreasing proportions are found in oil and coal product, mining, heat supply and gasoline vehicle (GV) transport industries. Moreover, all the commodity prices decrease since subsidies are given to some industries. Hence Toyohashi City’s economy shows a direction where the demand for conventional vehicles and energy use are decreased, conversely, the demand for EVs and renewable energy are increased illustrating a different life style from the current one. However, it does not mean that the total CO2 emission is decreased. EV society makes some industrial outputs larger. Due to the fact that some industrial outputs are increased, CO2 emissions of EV manufacturing and nonferrous metal are increased more than decreased industries. Thus, introducing 5–25% subsidies to EV manufacturing, EV transport, solar power, cogeneration and other transport can really represent a realistic alternative society to EVS if the total CO2 emission can be reduced. Therefore, we have to think what can make the total CO2 emission reduced.
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Yamada, Hirokazu. "The Effects of R&D Expenditure and Technological Spillover on Industry Revenues in Japan." International Journal of Systems and Service-Oriented Engineering 10, no. 2 (July 2020): 42–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssoe.2020070103.
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This research analyzes the effects of research and development (R&D) activities on industries' sales based on accounting information for the Japanese manufacturing sector from 2001–2017, with the aim of accurately grasping the current situation. The analytical model is based on the traditional extended Cobb-Douglas production function. By avoiding the statistical problem of endogeneity and serial correlation, a multiple regression analysis was used to understand the statistical superiority of the effects of R&D expenditure and technological spillovers on sales figures. This study also analyzes the relationship between acceptance and supply of technological spillovers in Japanese industries to understand the current state of the impact of technological spillovers. In conclusion, the effects of recent R&D activities in the Japanese manufacturing sector are low. After the 1997 Asian Currency Crisis, Japan's economic growth has declined; this study could help improve R&D activities that support economic growth in this poor growth climate.
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Bobryshev, Aleksey, and Elizaveta Medvedeva. "Methodological aspects of the development of management accounting for business processes and stages of the product life cycle." Economy under Guard 2022, no. 2 (July 6, 2022): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36511/2588-0071-2022-1-25-40.
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The author’s interpretation of the economic category “information support of management accounting” is proposed. The features of the activity of manufacturing industries that affect the functioning of the accounting system are revealed. A list of standard calculation articles of boiler production has been formed. A system of cost accounting and cost calculation has been developed, which allows forming the financial result of individual stages of the product life cycle in manufacturing industries, as well as determining the cost of implementing business processes. The recommendations presented in the paper are aimed at improving the quality of information support for economic entities engaged in manufacturing, in particular, identifying the profitability of implementing certain business processes, making decisions on the transformation of the management and financial structure, as well as drawing up a strategic plan for updating the range of boiler-building products.
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Abdul-Rashid, Salwa Hanim, Novita Sakundarini, Raja Ariffin Raja Ghazilla, and Ramayah Thurasamy. "The impact of sustainable manufacturing practices on sustainability performance." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 37, no. 2 (February 6, 2017): 182–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-04-2015-0223.
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Purpose Sustainable manufacturing practices are one of the significant environmental initiatives taken by manufacturing industries to preserve the environment and improve the quality of human life while performing manufacturing activities. The emergence of the value creation concept, economic value no longer counts as a single factor for measuring manufacturing performance. Within the sustainability context, the impact of manufacturing activities on the environmental and social aspects should be taken into account as the basis for assessing manufacturing performance, which is called sustainability performance. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship of sustainable manufacturing practices with sustainability performance, which considers the environmental, economic and social aspects. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire survey is carried out among 443 ISO 14001 certified manufacturing companies in Malaysia. Structural equation modelling is used to evaluate the relationship of sustainable manufacturing practices with sustainability performance. Findings The findings of this study indicate that manufacturing process is the manufacturing stage that gives the most impact on the improvement of sustainability performance. Hence, it is concluded that manufacturing companies in Malaysia are highly focussed on the production bound when implementing sustainable manufacturing practices. Research limitations/implications Although this study indicates a good estimation of the proposed model, additional variables might be added to improve the prediction strength of the proposed model such as considering type of industries, economic scale or ownership. Adding the comparison of sustainable manufacturing practices between different countries also a valuable research to investigated. Practical implications The framework proposed here can also assist manufacturing industries to conduct sustainability assessments by providing elements of sustainability performance and can serve as a guideline to select appropriate sustainable manufacturing practices and to what level the practices need to be improved to leverage companies’ sustainability performance. Originality/value The framework proposed here can also assist manufacturing industries to conduct sustainability assessments by providing elements of sustainability performance and can serve as a guideline to select appropriate sustainable manufacturing practices and to what level the practices need to be improved to leverage companies’ sustainability performance.
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Belov, A. "Economic Policy of Japan in the Time of Pandemic." World Economy and International Relations 65, no. 1 (2021): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-1-33-41.
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In the initial period of the COVID 19 pandemic (February–September 2020), Japan succeeded in minimizing the mortality rate and reducing the damage to the economy. The Japanese experience has both positive and negative aspects. Among the G7 countries, Japan recorded the best иге among the states of East Asia the worst indicators of overall and excessive mortality. From an economic perspective, the pandemic strongly affected inbound and outbound tourism, which will take years to recover. Employment opportunities in the tourism and other contact-intensive industries will be reduced by approximately one million jobs, primarily affecting part time and temporary workers. At the same time, the overall unemployment rate will hardly exceed one-third of the OECD average generally because of the ample financial support, long-term commitments among core employees in Japan, and job retention practices of domestic companies. In the macroeconomic realm, the Japanese government embarked on an extension of quantitatively easing measures of monetary expansionary steps in fiscal sphere and universal stimulus in growth-enhancing structural policies. This approach actually follows the logic of a long-standing reflationary Abenomics, which is expected to continue despite the abrupt resignation of S. Abe. At least, Japan’s newly elected Prime Minister Yo. Suga has indicated his support for current monetary and fiscal policies. He also hinted at a need to reduce the administrative red tape and to accelerate the digitalization in the economy. The package of anti-crisis measures in Japan turned out to be one of the largest in the world, and its implementation could increase the budget deficit and public debt, that is, cause the emergence of problems relevant to most other countries.
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Wijaya, Nurrohman, and Muhammad Aziz Ali Mutia. "ANALISIS PERKEMBANGAN INDUSTRI KECIL DAN RUMAH TANGGA DENGAN PENDEKATAN DPSIR: STUDI KASUS DI KECAMATAN CIPARAY, KABUPATEN BANDUNG." TATALOKA 18, no. 3 (August 31, 2016): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.18.3.172-182.
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<p class="TitleEnglish">Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enteprises (UMKM) have a significant potential in contribution to local economic development in Indonesia. Within the development of economic sector and a dynamic population in Kecamatan Ciparay, UMKM of manufacturing industry is increasing as well, especially the small and home industries. Nevertheless, the industries still not put into practice optimally yet and give less contribution to the local economy. This article aims to analyze the development of the small and home industries in Kecamatan Ciparay with an analysis approach of DPSIR (Driver, Pressure, State, Impact and Response). The study applied descriptive research method. Questionnaire, interview and field observation were conducted in the study area. The results found that the development of the small and home industries is driven by some driver factors such as industrialization, socio-economic dynamic as well as local policy and strategy aspects. DPSIR model approach has identified some driver factors and the impacts of the small and home industries in a comprehensive system. A considerable attention of local government and decision makers becomes crutial focal point in order to support the UMKM in Kecamatan Ciparay. </p>
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Melnikov, A. E. "ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL MODERNIZATION IN RUSSIA." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, no. 3 (October 7, 2018): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2018-3-49-54.
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At present, the issues related to overcoming technical backwardness, economic growth rate, increase in labor productivity, modernization of the industrial complex, formation of digital economy are coming to the fore in Russia at the present time. Under the circumstances, a crucial role is played by the industrial sector as a driver of scientific progress and social development. However, the current situation is not conducive to the development of industrial sectors and new technological modes. Moreover, it can lead to a de-industrialization. Technological upgrading and the transition to sustainable development in current situation depend on the speed of manufacturing production and the transition to a more efficient production models with a greater added-value and knowledge content. Modernization of conventional industries and the development of technological sectors will be a crucial factor for economic growth. However, the volatile situation of industrial sectors, the limits of resource-based sectors is capacity, prevalence of factors relating to the fluctuations in the global economy the posed challenges on the way.
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Ahmad, Shamraiz, and Kuan Yew Wong. "Sustainability assessment in the manufacturing industry: a review of recent studies." Benchmarking: An International Journal 25, no. 8 (November 29, 2018): 3162–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-08-2017-0214.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review and analyze the recent sustainability assessment studies in the manufacturing industry from the triple-bottom-line (TBL) perspective. This paper aims to depict the status quo of practical sustainability assessment, summarize the different levels and boundaries of evaluation, and highlight the difficulties and further improvements needed to make the assessment more effective in the manufacturing industry. Design/methodology/approach Four keywords, namely, sustainability assessment, sustainable manufacturing, TBL and green production, were used to explore and find the relevant articles. First, this paper systematically reviewed the studies and analyzed the different levels and boundaries of sustainability assessment. Following this, the reviewed studies were critically discussed along with their merits and shortcomings. Findings The review showed that most of the sustainability assessment studies were conducted on product, company and process levels in the manufacturing industry. Nevertheless, there is still a need to focus more on plant and process level assessments to achieve the TBL objectives. Environmental assessment is comparatively matured in manufacturing industries. However, from the economic and social viewpoints, only cost analysis and workers’ safety, respectively, were considered in most of the studies. The economic and social indicators need to be more inclusive and should be validated and standardized for manufacturing industries. Originality/value Unlike previous sustainability assessment reviews in manufacturing industries which were mostly based on life cycle assessment, this paper has included environmental, social and economic aspects in one comprehensive review and focused on recent studies published from 2010 to 2017. This paper has explored the recent sustainability assessment trends and provided insights into the development of sustainability assessment in the manufacturing sector.
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Thio, Julia, Fahma Husnalawati, Fatma Kusuma Porodani, Afifudin Anggun Nurzahwa Haris, Jaa’ana Nurur Riza, Ridho Dayan Bagus, and Ratih Fitria Putri. "Proportion of exported non-oil and gas commodities for manufacturing industries, case study in the City of Cilegon." E3S Web of Conferences 325 (2021): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132503006.
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Export activities are important to the economic growth of the country, especially for developing countries. The city of Cilegon in Banten Province is the main city for the manufacturing industry in Indonesia, mainly for its iron and steel products. This study aims to determine the proportion of exported goods for the manufacturing industry in the City of Cilegon and make suggestions for further development. Data used are BPS publications 2016-2020, LQ is calculated to know the basis of the economic sector in the city. According to the calculation, the manufacturing industry in the City of Cilegon shares 59.70%, the highest among other regions. Commodities that dominated the export trade are footwear, plastic products, iron and steel products, while the US, China, and Japan were the countries that had the highest FOB. To escalate export performance and intensity, it is necessary to consider market and competitors’ networks, improvement of education and transport infrastructure, along with environmental and social-cultural impacts.
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Saradzheva, Ol'ga. "Mechanism for ensuring the economic security of Russia in the implementation of the advanced development scenario." Russian Journal of Management 8, no. 3 (November 24, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2020-8-3-1-5.
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. The article examines the negative aspects of the export-commodity model of economic growth during the integration of Russia into the international division of labor, when raw materials sources of financial well-being may be threatened, which will lead to the loss of the country's own economic security. At present, we are not talking about the loss of the industrial potential of the manufacturing industries by our country's economy, however, the prerequisites for such a decrease in industrial potential are becoming increasingly evident. The version of the mechanism for ensuring the economic security of Russia proposed in the article in the context of the implementation of the scenario of advanced development of the manufacturing industry creates the basis for further sustainable socio-economic development of the country in the long term.
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Dong, Shu Chun. "Research on Nano Materials in the Chemical Aspects." Applied Mechanics and Materials 484-485 (January 2014): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.484-485.118.
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The nanotechnology is of great significance to the country's future economic, social development and national security, and it will bring a revolutionary change to the medicine, manufacturing, materials and information communication and other industries, therefore, in recent years, nanoscience and technology is greatly favored all over the world especially in developed countries. All the countries (areas) in the world have developed the nanotechnology as the main driver of the technical innovation in the twenty-first century, and have formulated development strategies and plans, to promote and guide their development in nanotechnology, which lead to fiercer and fiercer competition. In this paper, the author mainly introduces the application of nanomaterials in catalysis, filtration, separation, paint and new fine chemical industry and so on.
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Fang, Di. "Japans Growing Economic Activities and the Attainment Patterns of Foreign-Born Japanese Workers in the United States, 1979 to 1989." International Migration Review 30, no. 2 (June 1996): 511–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839603000206.
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This study examines the impact of the economic activities of Japan in the United States on the socioeconomic attainments of foreign-born Japanese male workers in 1979 and 1989. It demonstrates that working in wholesale trade, finance and manufacturing industries, three major sectors of Japanese investment in America, provided foreign-born male Japanese workers with the highest likelihood of assuming managerial positions. Moreover, the managerial occupation in turn provided the Japanese workers with the highest earnings returns. This pattern is consistent over time and by length of residence. The results suggest the importance of Japan's economic globalization since the 1970s in explaining the socioeconomic attainment patterns of foreign-born Japanese workers in the United States.
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dine, Mohamedou Nasser, and Tengku Munawar Chalil. "Impact of Backward Linkages and Domestic Contents of Exports on Labor Productivity and Employment: Evidence from Japanese Industrial Data." Journal of Economic Integration 36, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 607–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11130/jei.2021.36.4.607.
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This study examines how backward linkages (foreign value added [FVA] exports) and domestic value-added (DVA) exports impact industry-level labor productivity and employment in Japan by estimating a static and dynamic panel model using data drawn from the World Input-Output Dataset and Socio-Economic Accounts. We find that the domestic content of trade is a key driver of productivity and employment in Japan for all industries, while backward linkages lead to declining productivity and foster labor displacement. A sectoral analysis reveals that productivity benefits most of the backward linkages and domestic value-added exports in the manufacturing industry but weakens as the backward linkages increase in the service industry. We find that the DVA exports variable promotes employment, whereas the FVA variable displaces it.
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Moliboga, Elena, Elizaveta Sukhostav, Oksana Kozlova, and Alla Zinich. "Functional Food Market Analysis: Russian and International Aspects." Food Processing: Techniques and Technology 52, no. 4 (December 21, 2022): 775–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2022-4-2405.
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The modern food market is undergoing a period of rapid development following the changes in marketing technologies and consumer behavior patterns. Nowadays, people pay more attention to the quality and composition of food products, as well as their functional properties. The present article reviews the international and Russian market of functional foods in order to define the consumer demand for new specialized products.
The methods included data comparison, grouping, and systematization. The analysis involved Russian and foreign papers published in 2018–2022 and registered in Scopus, eLibrary, Cyberleninka, and the Library of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. It also covered the National Demography Project, the Healthy Nutrition Project, and the Strategy for Improving the Quality of Food Products through 2030.
Consumers’ growing interest in improving their health and immune system proved to be the key factor in the functional food market. The COVID-19 pandemic intensified such trends as the priority of healthy, high-protein, and low-sugar foods. Japan and the USA are the current leaders on this market. Russia supports healthy food policy at the state level.
The functional food market is likely to become the most promising and competitive sector of global food economy. Consumer demand for these products is steadily growing: the volume of demand for functional food products will reach 17 trillion rubles by 2027. However, Russian food science needs more research in this area to catalyze import substitution. The Omsk Agrarian University has numerous projects that are meant to increase the competitiveness of the domestic functional food industry.
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Mohd Rizaimy Shaharudin, Nur Zainie Abd Hamid, Dahlan Abdullah, Nabila Ahmad, Siti Fairuza Hassam, and Nur Hasliza Husna Ahmad Fauzi. "Factors Affecting Social Sustainability Performance amongst Malaysian Manufacturing Companies." International Journal of Business and Society 23, no. 3 (December 19, 2022): 1874–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.5217.2022.
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Malaysia is among 192 countries that adopted the 2030 agenda for sustainable development to move towards more sustainable, resilient and inclusive growth through strengthening the social, economic and environmental aspects of sustainable development. However, among the three pillars, social sustainability is often disregarded than economic and environmental. Social sustainability is an aspect of sustainability or sustainable development that encompasses human rights, labour rights, and corporate governance. It brings a better environmental and positive influence on the employees working in the industry. This study aims to investigate the relationship between diversity practices, environmental practices, product responsibility and, safety and health practices on social sustainability performance in the manufacturing industry in Malaysia. A total of 384 questionnaires were distributed amongst manufacturers with multinational corporation status based on the purposive sampling method. Eighty-two usable questionnaires had been received and analysed. The findings of this study revealed that only diversity practices and safety and health practices significantly influenced the social sustainability performance. Future research is suggested to verify the significance of these factors as well as other potential factors in different industries for better understanding and knowledge of the social sustainability issues in Malaysia.
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Sozanskyy, L. Y. "PROBLEMS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN INDUSTRY: ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECTS." Economics and Law, no. 1 (May 10, 2022): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2022.01.109.
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High innovation activity is one of the most important conditions for effective socio-economic development of the country. However, in Ukraine, as in other transition economies, the level of innovation development is unsatisfactory. The study was conducted to diagnose problems and develop proposals to stimulate innovative development of the national economy and its industrial sector. In the analytical part of the work, based on the results of the comparative analysis, it is stated that the innovativeness of Ukrainian industrial products is the lowest in Europe. It was found that in addition to the low level of innovation of Ukrainian industry products, the problem is the excessively high or extremely low export orientation of the latter. Thus, the share of products sold abroad in the volume of sold innovative products of Ukraine in 2019 was 54.2 %, while in Poland — 46.2 %. In terms of manufacturing, the highest export orientation of innovative products in Ukraine is characteristic of metallurgical production (90.6 %), production of rubber and plastic products (82 %), repair and installation of machinery and equipment (63.6 %). It is emphasized that excessively high export orientation of innovative products in the conditions of socio-political instability and intensification of globalization processes creates potential risks for the economic security of the country. Three groups of factors influencing innovation activity in Ukraine are substantiated, which include: the level of industrialization of the economy and manufacturability of industrial production; customs policy, foreign economic influence, economic globalization; institutional and macroeconomic environment, special legal framework, mental features of entrepreneurial behavior, etc. It is empirically proven that the low level of innovation of domestic industrial products is a consequence of the long-term policy of agrarianization of the national economy and at the same time unstable dynamics of development of manufacturing industries. The structure of value added of domestic industrial productions is constructed and the place of Ukraine and the EU countries in the world rating on value of an index of economic globalization, de facto is defined. A critical analysis of the legal framework for the implementation of state customs policy of Ukraine. Proposals to the domestic legislation on regulatory and legal regulation and rationalization of innovation parks as an effective way to increase the level of innovation and growth of industrial production are substantiated.
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Yu, Seoyoung, and Donghyun Kim. "Changes in Regional Economic Resilience after the 2008 Global Economic Crisis: The Case of Korea." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (October 15, 2021): 11392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011392.
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This study investigated Korea’s regional economic resilience after the 2008 economic crisis and analyzed the spatial patterns therein from the perspective of evolution and engineering. We analyzed the employee statistics of 229 si-gun-gu (city-county-district) administrative units for the 2002–2016 period sourced from Business Census data using shift-share analysis, a panel data model, and exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA). According to the analysis, most regions showed resilience after the crisis, revealing various patterns within the economic regions. Regarding the capital area, there were more structural improvements in Gyeonggi-do than in Seoul. For other regions, there were also more structural improvements in and around metropolitan areas. When comparing the absolute levels of post-crisis employment, the capital area showed low employment resilience in the CBD, while areas where industries such as IT and finance were clustered showed great employment resilience. In addition, non-capital areas showed a significant recovery in the manufacturing areas. This means that regional inequalities in the process of responding to economic crises are likely to include both quantitative and qualitative aspects, and that policies that accompany more structural improvements should be implemented.
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Aleksandrova, Svetlana A. "DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE MOGILEV REGION." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Eurasian studies. History. Political science. International relations, no. 1 (2022): 229–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7648-2022-1-229-250.
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The development of enterprises (organizations) was given great attention both by classics of economic science and by modern researchers. Currently, the quantitative and qualitative components of development are distinguished, as well as various aspects of development (technical, innovative, flexible, sustainable, innovative). In order to manage the development of industrial organizations, various methods of analysis and evaluation of their activities are used, starting with a basic economic analysis that reveals key trends, advantages and challenges in development. The purpose of the research is to study and evaluate quantitative and qualitative indicators and trends in the development of industrial organizations in the Mogilev region on the basis of economic and statistical analysis. In the course of the research, the main economic indicators of the activity of the organizations of the manufacturing industry of the Mogilev region for 2016–2020 by types of economic activity were studied. As a result, the state and trends of the region’s manufacturing industry as a whole, as well as certain types of economic activities of the manufacturing industry, were assessed. A general conclusion was made on the features, shortcomings and direction of the development of the manufacturing industry of the Mogilev region, namely: the predominance of low-technological industries, the heterogeneous structure of manufacturing by type of economic activity, acceptable quantitative indicators of development, but the low level of intensity and efficiency of management, which threatens the vector of further development of the region.
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Gaikwad, Lokpriya, and Vivek Sunnapwar. "Development of an integrated framework of LGSS strategies for Indian manufacturing firms to improve business performance: an empirical study." TQM Journal 33, no. 1 (August 3, 2020): 257–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tqm-05-2020-0110.
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PurposeThis article aims to explore synergies between Lean, Green and Six Sigma practices in order to propose an integrated LGSS framework for continuous and incremental improvement in the Indian manufacturing industries. The three-dimensional LGSS framework seeks to provide various combinations and support operational, financial, environmental and social needs.Design/methodology/approachIn the research method, first, the current problems faced by Indian manufacturing industries are considered and proposition of a conceptual framework that qualitatively integrates synergistic aspects of Lean, Green and Six Sigma practices, and second, the framework is checked by a survey taken from 203 Indian firms by using SPSS-AMOS.FindingsThe hypothesized result suggests that the positive impact of integrated practices on firm performance in terms of operational, financial, social and environmental outcomes. It also provides a systemic and holistic approach to problem-solving through constant and incremental enhancement in the manufacturing sector.Research limitations/implicationsIn this research, only Indian manufacturing industries have been studied but can be extending into different geographical areas and sectors. Future research is also possible for different behavior and characteristics of companies that can lead to recommending strategies on how companies can improve performance. Most importantly, future research can try to understand which specific practice can contribute to competitive advantage and business success.Practical implicationsManufacturing firms that want to improve environmental sustainability should implement integrated LGSS practices into their supply chain. The set of combined practices improves operational, social, economical and environmental benefits.Social implicationsThe research presents an integrated approach of LSS for the manufacturing industry which leads their business processes to achieve economic sustainability through continuous growth and improved operational efficiency. Manufacturing industries result in outcomes like reduced cost, lead time, improved quality, sustainable market position, profitability, customer satisfaction, etc.Originality/valueThis research is different from previous studies because it integrates Lean, Green and Six Sigma practices into a unique framework that fulfills a specific need of the Indian manufacturing sector that guides operational, social, environmental and financial issues in Indian industries.
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Titov, S. A., and N. V. Titova. "ESTIMATION OF ECONOMIC EFFECTS FROM PRODUCT CUSTOMIZATION OF RUSSIAN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES." Strategic decisions and risk management 13, no. 1 (August 29, 2022): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2618-947x-2022-1-26-36.
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The development of digital production technologies, taking place within the framework of the global fourth industrial revolution, creates conditions for increasing the level of customization of industrial production, i.e. the ability to manufacture products that reflect the preferences of small groups of consumers and even individual customers. Product customization, as one of the most important aspects of the fourth industrial revolution, is of great interest for researchers and has been becoming one of the promising trajectories for the development of new production technologies and methods of organizing production. But at the same time, the economic effect of increasing the customization of products remains not fully understood. This study is aimed at identifying various economic effects arising from customization in industrial enterprises, and their quantitative assessment in relation to the manufacturing industries of the Russian industry. Using a systematic review of available scientific research and analytical reports, the study quantifies the economic effects of customization in various sectors of the Russian economy. The results show the colossal effect of further customization in Russian enterprises. The authors conclude that the annual effect of revenue growth in all industries, even under the most pessimistic scenarios and estimates, is 1.9 trillion rubles, and the effect of cost reduction – 1.4 trillion rubles. The results obtained can form the basis of government measures to stimulate the customization of products of Russian industrial enterprises.
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Ahmad, Shamraiz, Kuan Yew Wong, and Srithar Rajoo. "Sustainability indicators for manufacturing sectors." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 30, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 312–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-03-2018-0091.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper was to review the indicators for the three aspects (environment, economy and society) of sustainability (the triple-bottom line (TBL) perspective) for manufacturing sectors. In addition, this paper aimed to: document the sustainability indicators for manufacturing sectors; perform an analysis of these indicators to show their evolutional progress and maturity in terms of their consistent, repeated and standardized usage; and highlight the further work needed to make them mature and more standardized. Design/methodology/approach The following keywords were used to explore and find the relevant articles: sustainable manufacturing evaluation, sustainability indicators, life cycle assessment, tools for sustainability assessment, and economic and social evaluation in industries. To find articles within this sample, the major focus remained on the terms “indicators,” “metrics,” and “performance measures.” This paper systematically reviewed the studies and analyzed the different sustainability indicators from the TBL viewpoint. Following this, the documented indicators were critically discussed along with their evolutional progress and maturity level. Findings The results showed that solid waste was the least used and immature aspect in the environmental category, whereas the more frequently used and developed indicators were related to material used, energy used and air emissions. Economic assessment was most of the time limited to cost-based indicators. From a social viewpoint, most of the reviewed studies were based on workers and local community and society related indicators rather than consumers-based indicators. From a sectoral viewpoint, comparatively, studies for metal manufacturing industries were more focused on all three dimensions of sustainability. On an overall basis, of the 144 discussed indicators, almost 34 percent (49) were used just once. Comparatively, the usage of indicators was more mature in manufacturing activities of developed countries than developing ones. Moreover, the usage of indicators was more common at the product level than at the other levels. Originality/value Unlike previous sustainability indicator sets which were generally long lists of proposed indicators rather than applicable and measurable ones, this paper reported the indicator sets based on studies for manufacturing sectors. Moreover, in contrast to previous reviews on indicators which were mostly based on the environmental dimension, this paper included all three dimensions of sustainability in one comprehensive review while focusing on recent studies published from 2007 to 2017. This paper has explored the recent evolutional progress and maturity of sustainability indicators, and provided insights into their development in manufacturing sectors.
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J Sudhakar, S.Sharmila, and G Giftson Samuel. "An overview of environment impact assessment studies in Indian industries." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 8, no. 1 (January 30, 2023): 490–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2023.8.1.0075.
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The environmental impact assessment identifies the best combination of economic, environmental and social benefits of a proposed activity or project, and predicts the potential impact on the environment. The Indian chemical and other industries manufacture a wide variety of products using more advanced manufacturing processes. A majority of industries contribute to environmental pollution. However, it neglects the role of EIA during and after production, both pre-operational and post-operationally. As a result of rapid industrialization, several environmental issues have been posed. Commissioning of chemical plants to be more reliable, cost-efficient, safe, and environmentally sustainable if they manage environmental risks effectively. Throughout this research, the environmental measures of industrial projects in the surrounding areas are discussed. In terms of environmental impact, there are several aspects such as ecosystem impact, natural resource impact, and public impact. Quantitative and qualitative approaches are employed in this research, which means that an assessment of the environment impact assessment in the surrounding areas of the industrial sites and an explanation of its importance, as well as the Standard EIA procedures in India are provided.
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Bartekova, Maria. "Creative industries in Slovakia and their pricing strategies as the part of their marketing mix." Marketing Science & Inspirations 16, no. 3 (October 29, 2021): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46286/msi.2021.16.3.3.
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The aim of this article is to contribute to the understanding of the possibilities of application of selected pricing strategies in the conditions of the creative industries in Slovakia. A creative product has interesting economic aspects, which are conditioned by its specific parameters. The economic potential of a creative product is a way of returning the investment in its creation, as well as a way of generating profit. In this case, the economic potential is the set of economic utility – uniqueness, intellect, knowledge, talent and skills added by each participant in the process of product creation. These characteristics make the products of the creative industries fundamentally different from those of traditional manufacturing. The added value of a creative industry product is not determined by the amount of work invested in its creation, but by the subjective perception of consumers, insofar as its consumption satisfies their personal needs. Pricing in creative industry enterprises results from a number of factors that determine the strategic direction of the enterprise and its output. This fact in turn influences the strategy of conceiving and creating individual prices. These play an important role in the strategic marketing of creative industry enterprises, despite their specificities (zero price or free entry, voluntary, list-based). It should be noted that prices are set differently in the non-profit sector and in the for-profit sectors producing in the creative industries. This means that in terms of the marketing mix of each tool, the pricing functions need to be taken into account.
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Asmarawati, Citra Indah, Elva Susanti, and Sadiq Ardo Wibowo. "Analisis dan Reduksi Waste pada Industri Tahu Skala UKM." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 22, no. 3 (October 31, 2022): 2040. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v22i3.2501.
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Seeing the condition of the covid pandemic which is still engulfing most of the world to Indonesia which will have an impact on various aspects, both social and economic. The socio-economic impact is felt in the lower middle class. Failure to fulfill nutrients in food can have an impact on various things such as decreased intelligence, poor health and endurance. Protein sources derived from vegetables are predicted to have nutritional content that is not inferior to prices that are relatively cheaper and easy to obtain. The popularity of this tofu causes the tofu industry to be very large and spread across various regions in Indonesia. The tofu industry in Indonesia is still dominated by home-scale industries with very traditional processes using simple equipment. Lean manufacturing can be used as a method to optimize the production process by eliminating waste. By using lean manufacturing, waste will be eliminated in tofu production activities.
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Matsumura, Takashi. "Special Issue on Advanced Cutting Science and Technologies." International Journal of Automation Technology 13, no. 1 (January 5, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2019.p0005.
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Cutting technologies have been widely applied in the manufacturing of airplane, automobile, medical, energy, and information industries. Cutting operations are generally evaluated in terms of material removal rates and surface quality. Materials science and engineering has also made significant progress in improving material properties. Therefore, scientific research should be conducted to achieve high performance when working with difficult-to-cut materials such as nickel-based super alloy. Because the manufacturing of products with complex shapes in various industries requires multi-axis machining, the cutting operations should be managed efficiently through controls, simulations, and monitoring. This special issue was organized by Research Committee of Cutting Technologies in Japan Society for Precision Engineering. This issue includes 14 papers on advanced cutting technologies covering the following topics: - Modeling the tribological aspects of the tool face–workpiece interface during the cutting process. - Cutting mechanics in advanced cutting operations. - Tool wear and coolant supply in cutting of advanced materials. - Cutting processes for hard materials to improve cutting performance. - Fixturing, chatter suppression, and tool path generation to control cutting processes and operations. - Surface characterization and modeling to control product quality in multi-axis machining. I hope this issue will be helpful for readers to understand cutting processes and improve the cutting operations.
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Sugiyama, Masahiro, Shinichiro Fujimori, Kenichi Wada, Ken Oshiro, Etsushi Kato, Ryoichi Komiyama, Diego Silva Herran, Yuhji Matsuo, Hiroto Shiraki, and Yiyi Ju. "EMF 35 JMIP study for Japan’s long-term climate and energy policy: scenario designs and key findings." Sustainability Science 16, no. 2 (February 17, 2021): 355–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11625-021-00913-2.
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AbstractIn June, 2019, Japan submitted its mid-century strategy to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and pledged 80% emissions cuts by 2050. The strategy has not gone through a systematic analysis, however. The present study, Stanford Energy Modeling Forum (EMF) 35 Japan Model Intercomparison project (JMIP), employs five energy-economic and integrated assessment models to evaluate the nationally determined contribution and mid-century strategy of Japan. EMF 35 JMIP conducts a suite of sensitivity analyses on dimensions including emissions constraints, technology availability, and demand projections. The results confirm that Japan needs to deploy all of its mitigation strategies at a substantial scale, including energy efficiency, electricity decarbonization, and end-use electrification. Moreover, they suggest that with the absence of structural changes in the economy, heavy industries will be one of the hardest to decarbonize. Partitioning of the sum of squares based on a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) reconfirms that mitigation strategies, such as energy efficiency and electrification, are fairly robust across models and scenarios, but that the cost metrics are uncertain. There is a wide gap of policy strength and breadth between the current policy instruments and those suggested by the models. Japan should strengthen its climate action in all aspects of society and economy to achieve its long-term target.
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Sohrabi, Rouhollah, Koorosh Pouri, Majid Sabk Ara, Sayyed Mohammadreza Davoodi, Esmaeel Afzoon, and Adel Pourghader Chobar. "Applying Sustainable Development to Economic Challenges of Small and Medium Enterprises after Implementation of Targeted Subsidies in Iran." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (November 25, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2270983.
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Although small and medium enterprises are important in the production and employment, these firms have structural limitation in terms of human and material resources. These limitations are highlighted after implementation of targeted subsidies in Iran, release prices of energy carriers, and simultaneity of political and economic situation. The main challenge in the current path of sustainable development is addressed to all sectors of society such as engineering and production. Manufactured products must consider the impact of three aspects of sustainability over their life cycle. The three aspects of sustainability as an integral part of sustainability issues are economic, environmental, and social factors. Therefore, in this study, for achieve sustainable economic development in Iran, consider only economic aspect. Because, it will greatly benefit from the transfer of advanced production technologies in industry through international agreements such as the clean development mechanism (CDM). However, the highly competitive environment is critical because of more cost-effective projects, which is why Iran needs to strike a balance between sustainable development and profitability for projects. In this study, identifying and ranking of major challenges of leading small and medium industries have been studied. It also uses the failures mode and effect analysis (FMEA) technique and survey experts and managers of small and medium industries in the province recognized and decision model using several branches. VIKOR was ranked as the most important challenge. The results show that exchange rate volatility has been the highest priority, so the first challenge has been identified. Similarly, the political boycott and the rise in the cost of production and cost of product manufacturing enterprises were identified as the next challenges.
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Das, Deb Kusum, Suresh Chand Aggarwal, Abdul Azeez Erumban, and Pilu Chandra Das. "What is new about India’s economic growth? An industry level productivity perspective." Indian Growth and Development Review 13, no. 1 (June 6, 2019): 11–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/igdr-05-2018-0054.
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Purpose The dynamics of economic growth in India continues to engage economists and still remains much debated. The trends and patterns of growth observed in India have seen acceleration in growth in Indian economy in the period following macroeconomic reforms and policy changes in investment and trade regimes. However, when and how did India transform itself from Hindu rate of growth to the present growth regime continues to be debated. Design/methodology/approach Using INDIA KLEMS data set, this study provides a distinctive perspective on India’s economic growth. A unique data set comprising 27 sectors of Indian economy at a disaggregate industry level for a period of 30 years, beginning 1980s, attempts to understand the dynamics of India’s growth from the contribution of industries that comprise the Indian economy. Findings This productivity data set offers a new way of analyzing the dynamics of growth including the sources of growth. The growth empirics allow evaluation of the relative significance of total factor productivity growth vis-a-vis input accumulation in accounting for output growth. In addition, the authors were able to document the industry contributions to aggregate growth. In this way, they were able to analyze the importance of the constituent industries within the different sectors of the economy − agriculture, manufacturing, construction and market, as well as non-market services in accounting for the observed growth in India. In conclusion, the industry perspective offers a new and analytical way of discerning new aspects of India’s march to higher growth regimes in post-1990s era. Originality/value A unique data set comprising 27 sectors of Indian economy at a disaggregate industry level for a period of 30 years, beginning 1980s, attempts to understand the dynamics of India’s growth from the contribution of industries that comprise the Indian economy.
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Choi, Sungtaek, Sangho Choo, and Sujae Kim. "Is the Relationship between Transportation and Communications Industries Complementary or Substitutional? An Asian Countries-Based Empirical Analysis Using Input-Output Accounts." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 12, 2020): 3085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083085.
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The relationship between transportation and communications has been discussed throughout the past decades. This study also investigates that relationship to determine whether they are complementary or substitutive in terms of the industrial perspective, focusing mainly on six Asian countries (China, Japan, India, Korea, Indonesia, and Taiwan). National input-output (I-O) tables from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) were used to construct research dataset. Each activity in the table was examined and fell into either transportation or communications category when they are related to those categories, thereby establishing six categories: Transportation manufacturing (TM), transportation utilities (TU), communications manufacturing (CM), communications utilities (CU), all transportation (AT), and all communications (AC). To examine the interrelationship between two sectors, direct and total coefficients were calculated for four benchmark years (2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014), then Spearman correlation analysis was conducted using those two coefficient matrices after weighting each coefficient using the economic contribution-based weight (ECBW). As a result, we confirm the predominant complementary relationship between two industries. Most Asian countries present consistent, dominant complementarity in both direct and total analysis. Although there are mixed total effects in Japan and Taiwan, the overall pattern demonstrates remarkable positive relationships. In analyzing the same effects in western countries, we also find the same straightforward positive association between two sectors, mostly in France, the US, and the UK. We believe that our findings can contribute to the literature by providing compelling evidence of the overall trend of a complementary relationship between two industries.
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Husgafvel, Roope, and Daishi Sakaguchi. "Circular Economy Development in the Construction Sector in Japan." World 3, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/world3010001.
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The circular economy (CE) is about a system-level change towards sustainability, and it aims at keeping products, components, and materials at their highest utility and value at all times, covering both technical and biological cycles. This study aimed at exploring, discovering, describing, and synthesizing the characteristics of CE development in the construction sector in Japan based on the perspectives of sectoral organizations and focusing on the following themes: (1) sustainable production; (2) sustainable consumption; (3) creation and maintenance of value in a CE; (4) CE innovations; (5) CE of material and energy use; (6) technological, economic, and social barriers to CE; (7) CE guidance; and (8) specific CE aspects in the construction sector. This study applied a qualitative research approach, including a questionnaire survey as the specific method. This study addressed a gap in the research and helps to improve understanding of the CE development priorities based on the perspectives of organizations operating in or related to the construction sector in Japan. The findings indicate that the priority CE development focus areas in the construction sector in Japan encompass, for example, the use of sustainable and renewable raw materials; consumer awareness; and the design, use, and manufacturing of sustainable, recyclable, reusable, and repairable products, components, and materials. The barriers to CE that need to be overcome encompass, for example, the lack of general knowledge about circular economy opportunities and of seeing the “big picture” as well as issues related to economic benefits and the development of CE and sustainability-oriented products, components, and materials. Particularly important CE aspects in the construction sector include the maintenance of existing buildings; sustainability and the long-life cycles of products, components, and materials; CE-oriented product design; and sustainability criteria and cooperation between parties covering the whole life cycle of construction.
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Chychkan, Anastasiia Igorivna. "FUKUOKA PREFECTURE: SPECIALIZATION, ORGANIZATIONAL AND MANAGERIAL STRUCTURE OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM, no. 51 (2019): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2308-135x.2019.51.60-67.
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The purpose: to study the Japanese experience of regional development and planning in the context of sustainable development on the example of Fukuoka Prefecture. Methods. Were used methods of analysis geography, regional and international studies. Among them: systematic (consideration of the balanced economic complex of the prefecture as an integrated system), literary (selection and analysis of literary sources, relevant to the research topic), descriptive (determining the location of objects and types of economic activity, their description), cartographic (the use of maps as figuratively-symbolic models of the territory, can purposefully display social objects, phenomena, connections and interdependencies related to a certain territory), comparative (data collection and their preliminary assessment). Results. Fukuoka Prefecture is known for its environmental initiatives, the development of modern technologies and related industries, as well as the successful overcoming of the problems of environmental pollution as a result of industrial growth. Fukuoka, in particular the city of Kitakyushu, successfully used the program of the Japanese government "Gorika" ("reconstruction"). Its main goal was the closure of all mines and the restoration of other obsolete metallurgy and manufacturing industries in the country. This program was introduced due to the aggravation of environmental problems and the movement of Japan towards a major environmental disaster. Thus, the “reconstruction” of the Japanese government became an impetus for local governments, the public and representatives of local companies in Fukuoka Prefecture, who came together to subsequently create good working and living conditions for the population. The result was a reorientation of industry, in particular, an increase in the share of manufacturing, automotive, services, high-tech industries, as well as the involvement of young highly qualified personnel with their subsequent development. Scientific novelty. To compare Ukraine with the prefecture of Fukuoka is inappropriate, but studying its development experience, overcoming the problems of depressed territories, environmental pollution and searching for new growth paths for further prosperity is relevant and useful for our state. Practical significance. Fukuoka Prefecture has overcome many of the problems inherent in Ukraine now. Therefore, her experience for Ukraine is an opportunity to take successful initiatives, as well as to avoid unnecessary mistakes. Our state is only embarking on the path of sustainable development, so research and use of the best world practices is relevant.
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Shaikh, Imlak. "On the relation between purchasing manager’s index and trade policy uncertainty: evidence from China, Japan and the USA." Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies 14, no. 2 (February 26, 2021): 202–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-10-2020-0068.
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Purpose Trade uncertainty does influence the firm’s new investment, profitability and supply chain finance. Consequently, it results in decreased consumption and low consumer confidence and eventually disrupts global economic activity. This paper aims to propose a model to uncover the effects of trade policy uncertainty (TPU) on the real economic activity and economy’s health measured in terms of the purchasing manager’s index (PMI). Design/methodology/approach This study uses the PMI, trade policy uncertainty index, economic policy uncertainty index and short-term interest rate. The relation between economic activity and uncertainty was studied using nested regression and vector autoregressive model. Findings The empirical results show that PMI of China and Japan were more responsive to the TPU of the USA and remained more fluctuating during the year 2018–2019. Importantly, this paper notices that the US’s PMI reached a low historically subject to its own trade policy and tension with China. Overall, TPU has shown more pronounced effects on PMI across China, Japan and the USA, followed by important economic and political events and major trade tariff uncertainty deals. Practical implications The empirical outcome holds some practical implications trade uncertainty affects not only the economic health of the economy but also market participants, global investors and international political environment, recent trade barriers, tariff wars and ambiguity raise question about free and fair global trade and competitiveness of the member country of the world trade organization. Originality/value The work is a novel that attempts to explain economic activity and supply chain through PMI. Unlike conventional economic indicators, e.g. gross domestic product, producer price index, consumer price index, employment, etc. PMI measures manufacturing industries’ overall status concerning the number of orders, inventory levels, productions, supplier deliveries and employment.
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KIEL, DANIEL, JULIAN M. MÜLLER, CHRISTIAN ARNOLD, and KAI-INGO VOIGT. "SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIAL VALUE CREATION: BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF INDUSTRY 4.0." International Journal of Innovation Management 21, no. 08 (December 2017): 1740015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919617400151.
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The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) poses several implications on manufacturers in terms of economic, ecological, and social aspects referring to the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) of sustainable value creation. Due to its technical core, the current research focused on its technical fundamentals, whereas the economic discussion is still in its infancy. This paper aims at painting a comprehensive and structured picture of IIoT-related economic, ecological, and social benefits and challenges. For this purpose, we employ an exploratory multiple case study approach based on semi-structured expert interviews in 46 manufacturing companies from three leading German industries. Our study contributes to the sparse body of scientific IIoT literature by analysing the IIoT’s implications according to the TBL. We show that, in order to qualify for sustainable industrial value creation, the IIoT requires an extension of the established TBL by three further dimensions, i.e., technical integration, data and information, and public context.
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Hadi, Prayoga Luthfil, Tilaka Wasanta, and Wimpy Santosa. "PENGARUH INDEKS INFRASTRUKTUR JALAN TERHADAP INDIKATOR EKONOMI DI INDONESIA." Jurnal HPJI 7, no. 2 (July 23, 2021): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/jhpji.v7i2.5058.143-152.
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Abstract
Roads and bridges are the main infrastructure in supporting the realization of increased economic development. The relationship between the performance of road infrastructure provision and the improvement of economic performance is a very important aspect to understand. The magnitude of this relationship can be used as the basis for making decisions on road infrastructure development. The road infrastructure index is a parameter that can be used to measure road infrastructure services to the economy. The road infrastructure index used in this study is a comparison of road length with area and population. This infrastructure index is then analyzed in relation to economic indicators, such as Gross Regional Domestic Product and poverty index. This study shows that an increase in the area index helps improve socioeconomic indicators, such as an increase in GRDP and a decrease in the poverty index. Meanwhile, the increase in the value of the population index has a negative relationship with the growth of socioeconomic indicators, which means that the larger the population index, the worse the socioeconomic indicators. An increase in the population infrastructure index causes a decrease in the GRDP indicator and an increase in the poverty index, which means that longer roads are needed to serve the population.
Keywords: road; infrastructure performance; road infrastructure index; economic indicators.
Abstrak
Jalan dan jembatan merupakan suatu infrastruktur utama dalam mendukung terwujudnya peningkatan pembangunan ekonomi. Hubungan antara kinerja penyediaan infrastruktur jalan dengan peningkatan kinerja ekonomi merupakan aspek yang sangat penting untuk dimengerti. Besaran hubungan ini dapat dijadikan dasar untuk pengambilan keputusan pembangunan infrastruktur jalan. Indeks infrastruktur jalan merupakan parameter yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur layanan infrastruktur jalan terhadap ekonomi. Indeks infrastruktur jalan yang digunakan pada studi ini adalah perbandingan panjang jalan dengan luas wilayah dan jumlah penduduk. Indeks infrastruktur ini kemudian dianalisis keterkaitannya dengan indikator ekonomi, seperti Produk Domestik Regional Bruto dan indeks kemiskinan. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa kenaikan indeks luas wilayah membantu perbaikan indikator sosioekonomi, seperti kenaikan PDRB dan penurunan indeks kemiskinan. Sedangkan kenaikan nilai indeks penduduk memiliki hubungan negatif dengan pertumbuhan indikator sosioekonomi, yang berarti semakin besar indeks penduduk, indikator sosioekonomi memburuk. Kenaikan indeks infrastruktur penduduk menyebabkan penurunan pada indikator PDRB dan kenaikan pada indeks kemiskinan, yang berarti diperlukan jalan yang lebih panjang untuk melayani penduduk.
Kata-kata kunci: jalan; kinerja infrastruktur; indeks infrastruktur jalan; indikator ekonomi.
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Klymenko, Olena, Lise Lillebrygfjeld Halse, and Bjørn Jæger. "The Enabling Role of Digital Technologies in Sustainability Accounting: Findings from Norwegian Manufacturing Companies." Systems 9, no. 2 (May 10, 2021): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems9020033.
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Sustainability accounting is an emerging research area receiving growing awareness. This study examines the role of digital technology in manufacturing companies’ sustainability accounting. To guide the research, we use a triple layered business model canvas, which supports the accounting of a manufacturer’s performance for the economic, environmental, and social aspects of sustainability. We present an explorative case study of four Norwegian manufacturing companies representing different industries. The findings from the study indicate that while accounting for economic values is well taken care of, companies do not perform comprehensive environmental and social accounting. Furthermore, we observed a shift from a focus on sustainability issues related to the internal manufacturing process to a focus on sustainability issues for the life cycle of the product. Even though the manufacturers are at the forefront with regard to automation and control of production, with extensive use of robots giving a large amount of data, these data are not utilized towards sustainability accounting, showing that sustainability and digitalization are seen as two separate phenomena. This study sheds light on how digital data available from applied Industry 4.0 technologies could enhance sustainability accounting with limited efforts, linking sustainability and digitalization. The results provide insights for manufacturers and researchers in moving towards more sustainable operations and products.
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Voicu, Adrian Cătălin, and Gheorghe Ion Gheorghe. "Adaptable High-Tech Mechatronic Equipment with Laser Scanning for Multicontrol 3D of Complex Components from Automotive Industry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 772 (July 2015): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.772.293.
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Progressive replacement of traditional tools with intelligent technological equipment becoming more complex is one of the most important aspects of the development of production processes in all industrial fields. Intelligent measurement and integrated dimensional control are needed to ensure the quality of the product or industrial manufacturing process, whatever the field. Because the automotive industry is one of the most important industries in the world, manufacturing systems engineering, control methods and techniques, and assurance of quality, present particular interest by the economic results, in particular the reduction of working time and production costs. In a perfect world or in an integrated production environment, the new 3D measurement systems, by providing the quality control integrated into the production line would be able to measure all the necessary parameters in a single step, without errors and render the results in the same way to the manufacturing networks with computers, in formats useful for CNC machines control and process management.
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Okumu, Elsa Atieno, and Shadrack Bett. "Inventory Management Practices and Organization Performance of Steel Industries in Nairobi County, Kenya." International Journal of Current Aspects 3, no. III (June 17, 2019): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35942/ijcab.v3iiii.31.
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Industries are key to many economies they are used as a proxy for country’s economic growth and development. The steel industry constitutes about 15% of the aggregate production by manufacturing firms hence it plays a key role in the performance of a country’s GDP and many are forecasting that its demand will continue to rise due to various development activities the national government and private firms have embarked on towards realisation of the country’s vision 2030. Inventory management is critical in the aspects of organization performance within the context of steel industries therefore steel companies must check on their inventory management practices in order not to impact on their Organization performance. This is achievable through operation at absolute minimum stock out events with prompt response to market fluctuations while at the same time carrying minimal buffer stocks. The study sought to fill the existent literature gap in the area of inventory management and organization performance in the steel industry. Descriptive research design was used in the study. The target population for this study were employees in the, Quality, administration, sales and marketing, production departments of three steel companies in Nairobi County Kenya. The study employed both primary and secondary during the stages of data collection where questionnaires were administered through drop and pick method while secondary data was obtained from the firms published comprehensive profit and loss statement particularly the company’s sales. A sample size of 45 respondents was utilized. The pilot study was conducted using a pretest of the questioner using 10% of the respondents that is 5 respondents. The validity of the data collection instrument was examined during the pilot study using a set of experts in the area inventory management as well as the supervisors. The reliability of the data collection was examined through the use of the cronbach alpha coefficient of a threshold of 0.7 and above. The researcher used descriptive method as well as SPSS. V.23 to analyse data. The research established that there is a positive and significant correlation between Economic order quantity and organization performance of steel manufacturing companies in Nairobi County. The study also found a significant positive correlation between Material/Inventory control and organization performance. It also established an existence of a positive and significant correlation between quality control and organizational performance. However, the study found a negative correlation between Legislation and organization performance. The study concludes that organization performance among steel firms in Nairobi County is influenced by Economic order quantity, material/inventory control and quality control. The study therefore recommends that the stakeholders should consider these factors in order to improve the performance of steel manufacturing firms as well as developing policies to protect local steel manufacturing firms from stiff completion from firms in developed countries particularly from China and U.S.A.
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Singh, Rajesh K., Suresh K. Garg, and S. G. Deshmukh. "Strategy development by small scale industries in India." Industrial Management & Data Systems 110, no. 7 (August 24, 2010): 1073–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02635571011069112.
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PurposeIn the present scenario of e‐globalization, small scale industries (SSIs) are considered engine for economic growth all over the world. After markets globalization, SSIs are facing many pressures and constraints to sustain their competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to examine various issues in context of Indian SSIs such as nature of pressures and constraints, competitive priorities, competencies development, areas of investment, and their relationship with performance.Design/methodology/approachFor collecting data, a questionnaire‐based survey was conducted. In total, 75 valid responses were received. Statistical analysis of data acquired from survey is done by reliability test, t‐test, and correlation analysis.FindingsCost reduction, quality improvement, and delivery in time have emerged as major challenges for SSIs. Market research, welfare of employees, and research and development are found as major areas for investment. Use of information technology, training of employees, and research and development has significant relationship with performance.Research limitations/implicationsOrganizations should develop their strategies after analysing business environment and SSIs should utilize their resources judiciously. However, it is felt that this study can be further explored by considering other aspects of strategy development such as human resource, vendor development, organization culture, etc.Originality/valueFindings and issues of the paper will be highly useful for SSIs in framing their strategies, and academia for further research in the context of changing market scenario.
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Wang Chao. "Future development prospects for countries after signing the RCEP Agreement based on the GTAP Model." Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice 21, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ea.21.1.167.
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Subject. The article addresses impact factors for signing the RCEP Agreement (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership) on the macro- and microeconomic environment and economic consequences of India's refusal to sign the said Agreement. Objectives. The purpose is to assess the possible impact of signing the RCEP Agreement on the world economy. Methods. The study employs the GTAP Model from the perspective of tariffs. I created two scenarios to simulate and analyze the impact of signing the RCEP Agreement on GDP, changes in human well-being, import and export trade, and specific industries. Results. The study shows that import and export trade and changes in the welfare of RCEP member countries have increased, and the economies of Japan, South Korea, China, Australia and New Zealand have boosted production and improved terms of trade, while the economies of India and ASEAN have experienced a certain negative impact and deterioration in terms of trade. The economies of non-RCEP countries have experienced a negative effect in all aspects. Conclusions. The signing of the RCEP Agreement has a significant positive impact on the economic interests of the participating countries, especially on the developed economies (Japan, Korea and Australia). At the same time, negative values of China, India and ASEAN in terms of GDP and terms of trade may indicate that developing economies will have negative consequences at the initial stage of free trade. However, from the point of view of changing imports and exports, the signing of the RCEP Agreement may increase the overall level of well-being.