Academic literature on the topic 'Mann-Whitney U test'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mann-Whitney U test"
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Hauben, Manfred. "A visual aid for teaching the Mann-Whitney U formula." Teaching Statistics 40, no. 2 (March 25, 2018): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/test.12155.
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Kasuya, Eiiti. "Mann–Whitney U test when variances are unequal." Animal Behaviour 61, no. 6 (June 2001): 1247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.2001.1691.
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&NA;. "Testing for Differences With the Nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 24, no. 1 (January 1997): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-199701000-00006.
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Podgorelec, Valerija, Dalila Stunić, and Štefica Mikšić. "Sveučilišna nastava kao odraz različitih teorijskih pristupa." Sestrinski glasnik 25, no. 2 (2020): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.11608/sgnj.25.2.1.
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Uvod: Kombinacijom teorijskih pristupa u nastavi povećava se motivacija stu- denata i kvaliteta odgojno-obrazovnog procesa. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati prisutnost teorijskih pristupa s njihovim odrazom na kvalitetu sveučilišne nastave, kreativnost, samoaktualizaciju, usvajanje znanja, vještina i sposobnosti te pri- sutnost (ne)ugodne klime. Metoda: Uporabom anonimnog anketnog upitnika provedeno je istraživanje najčešćih pristupa u nastavi studenata Učiteljskog studija i Studija sestrinstva u Osijeku te studenata Studija sestrinstva u Čakovcu. Rezultati: Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je, bez značajne razlike na obje vrste studija, najviše korišten sociocentristički pristup, kod čak 80 % studena- ta. Na Učiteljskom studiju značajnija je zastupljenost pedocentrističkog pristu- pa (Fisherov egzaktni test, P < 0,001), umjetničkog (Fisherov egzaktni test, P = 0,001), emancipacijskog (Fisherov egzaktni test, P = 0,02), kreativnog (Fishe- rov egzaktni test, P < 0,001) u odnosu na studente Studija sestrinstva. Značaj- nija je zastupljenost komponenata sustavnog (Mann Whitney U test, P = 0,01) i kreativnog pristupa (Mann Whitney U test, P = 0,004) u odnosu na studente Studija sestrinstva. Individualni oblik rada (Mann Whitney U test, P = 0,02), i aktivnost u paru (Mann Whitney U test, P = 0,04), značajnije je primijenjen na Učiteljskom studiju nego na Studiju sestrinstva. Motivacija i opuštenost značaj- ne su na studiju Sestrinstva (Fisherov egzaktni test, P = 0,005). Sveučilišna na- stava Učiteljskog studija kreativna je za 30 ispitanika (38,5 %), dok je na Studiju sestrinstva nastava pedocentrična (Fisherov egzaktni test, P = 0,003). Zaključak: Studenti Učiteljskog studija imaju više zastupljenih kreativnih pri- stupa u odnosu na Studij sestrinstva.
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Podgorelec, Valerija, Dalila Stunić, and Štefica Mikšić. "Sveučilišna nastava kao odraz različitih teorijskih pristupa." Sestrinski glasnik 25, no. 2 (2020): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.11608/sgnj.25.2.1.
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Uvod: Kombinacijom teorijskih pristupa u nastavi povećava se motivacija stu- denata i kvaliteta odgojno-obrazovnog procesa. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati prisutnost teorijskih pristupa s njihovim odrazom na kvalitetu sveučilišne nastave, kreativnost, samoaktualizaciju, usvajanje znanja, vještina i sposobnosti te pri- sutnost (ne)ugodne klime. Metoda: Uporabom anonimnog anketnog upitnika provedeno je istraživanje najčešćih pristupa u nastavi studenata Učiteljskog studija i Studija sestrinstva u Osijeku te studenata Studija sestrinstva u Čakovcu. Rezultati: Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je, bez značajne razlike na obje vrste studija, najviše korišten sociocentristički pristup, kod čak 80 % studena- ta. Na Učiteljskom studiju značajnija je zastupljenost pedocentrističkog pristu- pa (Fisherov egzaktni test, P < 0,001), umjetničkog (Fisherov egzaktni test, P = 0,001), emancipacijskog (Fisherov egzaktni test, P = 0,02), kreativnog (Fishe- rov egzaktni test, P < 0,001) u odnosu na studente Studija sestrinstva. Značaj- nija je zastupljenost komponenata sustavnog (Mann Whitney U test, P = 0,01) i kreativnog pristupa (Mann Whitney U test, P = 0,004) u odnosu na studente Studija sestrinstva. Individualni oblik rada (Mann Whitney U test, P = 0,02), i aktivnost u paru (Mann Whitney U test, P = 0,04), značajnije je primijenjen na Učiteljskom studiju nego na Studiju sestrinstva. Motivacija i opuštenost značaj- ne su na studiju Sestrinstva (Fisherov egzaktni test, P = 0,005). Sveučilišna na- stava Učiteljskog studija kreativna je za 30 ispitanika (38,5 %), dok je na Studiju sestrinstva nastava pedocentrična (Fisherov egzaktni test, P = 0,003). Zaključak: Studenti Učiteljskog studija imaju više zastupljenih kreativnih pri- stupa u odnosu na Studij sestrinstva.
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Zhu, Xiaoping. "Sample size calculation for Mann-Whitney U test with five methods." International Journal of Clinical Trials 8, no. 3 (July 22, 2021): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3259.ijct20212840.
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<p><strong>Background: </strong>Precise sample size estimation plays a vital role in the planning of a study specifically for medical treatment expenses that are expensive and studies that are of high risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among a variety of sample size calculation methods for the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test, five potential methods are selected for evaluation in this article. The evaluation of method performance is based on the results obtained from high precision Monte Carlo simulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample size deviations (from the simulation ones) are performance indicators. The sum of the squared deviations over all scenarios is used as the criterion for ranking the five methods. For power comparisons, the percentage errors (relative to the simulated powers) are used. The effect size and target power both have large impacts on the minimum required sample sizes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the ranking criterion, Shieh's method has the best performance. Noether's method always overestimates the minimum required sample sizes but not too severe.</p>
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Lee, Kyuwon, Areum Han, and Tae Hui Kim. "Effectiveness of Simulation-Based Empathy Enhancement Program for Caregivers (SEE-C) Evaluated by Older Adults Receiving Care." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (July 23, 2021): 7802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157802.
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The aim of this study was to examine whether a Simulation-based Empathy Enhancement program for Caregivers of the Elderly (SEE-C) was effective in increasing program satisfaction and positive emotional changes of older adults. A total of 100 older adults living alone were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group was interviewed by caregivers who experienced SEE-C while the control group was interviewed by caregivers who did not experience SEE-C. In both elderly groups, post session satisfaction and affective state were assessed using a Session Evaluation Questionnaire (SEQ). Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test were conducted. The experimental group (n = 49) reported significantly higher scores than the control group (n = 51) for all three categories of SEQ: session-depth (Mann-Whitney U = 1651.5, p = 0.005), session-smoothness (Mann-Whitney U = 1803.0, p = 0.000), and emotion-positivity (Mann-Whitney U = 1783.0, p = 0.000). However, the experimental group had significantly lower scores for the arousal category of SEQ (Mann-Whitney U = 873.5, p = 0.009). SEE-C could have a positive impact on interviews for elderly care in terms of raising the satisfaction of the interviewee.
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Rouncefield, M. "Combinations, Probabilities and Sample Size. Investigations into the Mann-Whitney U test." Teaching Mathematics and its Applications 17, no. 4 (December 1, 1998): 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/teamat/17.4.159.
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Crook, M., and P. Tutt. "Serum sialic acid concentration in patients with hypertriglyceridaemia showing the Frederickson's IIB phenotype." Clinical Science 83, no. 5 (November 1, 1992): 593–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0830593.
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1. Serum total sialic acid concentration, recently shown to be a cardiovascular risk factor, and also serum lipid-associated sialic acid concentration were measured in 15 patients with hypertriglyceridaemia (fasting serum triacylglycerol concentration > 2.3 mmol/l) showing a Frederickson's type IIB phenotype, 15 patients with hypercholesterolaemia showing a IIA phenotype and 15 age- and sex-matched normal control subjects. 2. Total serum sialic acid concentration was significantly raised in the hypertriglyceridaemic group (84.9 ± 21.5 versus 64.9 ± 20.8 mg/dl, P<0.03, Mann—Whitney U-test) compared with the normal control group, as was serum lipid-associated sialic acid concentration (23.0 ± 4.3 versus 12.0 ± 3.2 mg/dl, respectively, P<0.001, Mann—Whitney U-test). 3. Serum total sialic acid concentration was also significantly elevated in the hypertriglyceridaemic group as compared with the IIA phenotype hypercholesterolaemic group (84.9 ± 21.5 versus 58.4 ± 11.7 mg/dl, P<0.03, Mann—Whitney U-test), as was serum lipid-associated sialic acid concentration (23.0 ± 4.3 versus 14.9 ± 4.7 mg/dl, P<0.001, Mann—Whitney U-test). 4. We suggest that serum concentrations of both total sialic acid and lipid-associated sialic acid may be useful markers of cardiovascular risk which could, in part, be related to hypertriglyceridaemia.
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Steel, J. L., J. Hammond, B. I. Carr, and T. C. Gamblin. "Expressed emotion, depression, and survival in patients diagnosed with hepatobiliary carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e20597-e20597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e20597.
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e20597 Background: The aims of the present study were to (1) investigate the association between expressed emotion, health related quality of life, and depression, and (2) explore the association between expressed emotion and survival in patients diagnosed with hepatobiliary carcinoma. Methods: The study was prospective in design. Ninety-six patients diagnosed with hepatobiliary carcinoma were administered a battery of questionnaires that measured depression, health-related quality of life, and expressed emotion. Medical chart review was used to gather disease specific information. Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests were performed to test differences between groups and Cox regression analyses were performed to test predictors of survival. Results: At diagnosis, 54% of the patients reported a CES-D score ≥ 16 (clinical range). Patients who reported CES-D scores in the clinical range were found to have significantly lower overall health related quality of life (Mann Whitney U= 506, p = 0.003) and in particular lower emotional (Mann Whitney U=551, = 0.009) and functional well being (Mann Whitney U=507.5, p = 0.003). Patients who reported CES-D scores in the clinical range also reported a higher frequency of cancer-related symptoms (Mann Whitney U=503.5, p= 0.002) at diagnosis using the FACT-Hepatobiliary module. Patients who reported lower levels of emotional expression were found to have higher levels of depression (Mann Whitney U-6.6, p=0.04) and lower social and family well-being (Mann Whitney U=6.4, p=0.04). Using Cox regression, sociodemographic and disease-specific characteristics, depression, and expressed emotion were entered into a model. Significant predictors of survival included greater number of lesions (p=0.04), larger size of tumor (p=0.02), and lower levels of emotional expression (p=0.03). Conclusions: Preliminary findings suggest that patients with low levels of emotional expression reported higher rates of depression, poorer quality of life, and shorter survival. Interventions should be developed to treat symptoms of depression to improve quality of life. Expression of both positive and negative emotions should be encouraged by health care professionals. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mann-Whitney U test"
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Kukučka, Peter. "Výzkum řečových příznaků hodnotících diadochokinetické (DDK) úlohy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220621.
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Speech processing methods were studied to calculate parameters of pacient with Parkinon's disease. Main focus of this work is to examine diadochokinetic (DDK) tests. Algorithm for parameters extraction was proposed. It works in more parts. DC is removed from speech signal, preemphasis aplicated. Envelope of input signal is calculated, peaks of syllables are detected. Parameters and statistical results of Mann-Whitney U~test are calculated from detected peaks. Proposed algorithm is implemented in Matlab.
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Bijota, Jan. "Aplikace statistické analýzy řeči pacientů s Parkinsonovou nemocí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241988.
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This thesis deals with speech analysis of people who suffer from Parkinson’s disease. Purpose of this thesis is to obtain statistical sample of speech parameters which helps to determine if examined person is suffering from Parkinson’s disease. Statistical sample is based on hypokinetic dysarthria detection. For speech signal pre-processing DC-offset removal and pre-emphasis are used. The next step is to divide signal into frames. Phonation parameters, MFCC and PLP coefficients are used for characterization of framed speech signal. After parametrization the speech signal can be analyzed by statistical methods. For statistical analysis in this thesis Spearman’s and Pearson’s correlation coefficients, mutual information, Mann-Whitney U test and Student’s t-test are used. The thesis results are the groups of speech parameters for individual long czech vowels which are the best indicator of the difference between healthy person and patient suffering from Parkinson’s disease. These result can be helpful in medical diagnosis of a patient.
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Ivanovic, Milena. "Developing a new transformatory cultural tourism experience model / Milena Ivanovic." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/16418.
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The research question addressed by this thesis is: To what degree the results of the statistical
analysis will corroborate the main theoretical assumptions of the proposed theoretical model of
new authentic transformatory cultural tourism experience as transmodern phenomenon of
equality of two Cartesian levels of reality, material (objective authenticity) and experiential
(constructive authenticity) in informing the intrapersonal existential authenticity as outcome
transformatory tourist experience.
The main reason for undertaking this study is to resolve the evident crisis of postmodern
authenticity discourse arising from a failure of postmodern theoretical framework to integrate
three social authenticity theories into a coherent authenticity discourse. The research design
adopted in the study is theory-testing theory-building paradigm which incorporates both
deductive and inductive logic and was applied in three successive phases. In the first phase the
new theoretical model of transformatory cultural tourism experience was proposed, underpinned
by transmodern flat ontology and philosophy of the Speculative Realism. In the second phase
the main theoretical assumptions of equal contribution of objective and constructive authenticity
as independent variables in informing the transformatory experience as dependent variable
were empirically tested by standard multiple regression analysis. In the last deductive phase the
results of all empirical tests were inferred onto initial theoretical assumptions of the original
model and new modified model of transformatory cultural tourism experience has been
proposed with an addition of two newly identified transmodern experiential constructs,
epistemological and ontological authenticity.
For a primary data collection the instrument was a self-administered questionnaire and the
sampling strategy was a non-probability sampling. The data was collected during the period 01st
and 18 April 2011 at two sites, Constitution Hill and Hector Peterson Memorial in Johannesburg.
The sample size from two sites was N=406. The scales of measurements were already
developed in the earlier questionnaire and the confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirm
the variables contained in each factor, namely objective and constructive authenticity as
independent variables and transformatory experience as the dependent variable. The results of
a standard multiple regression analysis confirmed the importance of the model as independent
variables explained 30.7% of the variances (R2=.307) in the model. An unexpected result was
that objective authenticity explained 34.5% of the variance in the model (β = .345) which is
significantly higher than 30.5% of variance explained by constructive authenticity (β = .305). The
results of standard multiple regression analysis confirmed the main theoretical assumption of
the model of equality of material and experiential levels of Cartesian duality in informing the new
transformatory experience regarded as a transmodern phenomenon. The standard, stepwise
and hierarchical multiple regression tests were further conducted to establish if any moderating
variables should be added into the original model containing two independent variables. The
tests included five demographic variables (gender, place of residence, connection with culture,
and two items of education (pre-tertiary education and Bachelors degree) and none of the
variables explained a level of variability which warranted their inclusion into the model.
Consequently, the results of the retests of the model did not change its initial conceptualisation.
Finally, the t-test and Mann-Whitney U tests identified a significant difference between the two
groups in the level of authenticity of their experience derived from two sites. A group having
stronger inclination for authenticity is identified as Cultural Creatives, who are known as the
forerunners of transmodernism.
Based on the results of all statistical tests the final model was modified to reflect the important
theoretical findings pertaining to two new types of transmodern authenticity. Epistemological
authenticity denotes combined effects of objective and constructive authenticity in feeding the
ontological authenticity of transformatory experience. The ontological authenticity is further
identified as a confirmation of authentic-self which is required by Cultural Creatives. With
proposition of new modified model the theory-testing theory-building research design came to its
conclusion.
The importance of research findings presented in this study lies not only in resolving the current
crises of authenticity discourse in tourism but in the proposed New theoretical and conceptual
model of transformatory cultural tourism experience underpinned by objective ·and constructive
authenticity which will open a whole new field in tourism research arising from new transmodern
experiential paradigm.PhD (Tourism Management), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Lange, Bålman Miriam. "GRAVIDA KVINNORS INTAG AV KOSTTILLSKOTT : En kvantitativ studie med fokus på järn och probiotika." Thesis, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-157637.
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Sammanfattning Bakgrund Vitamin- och mineralbrister hos gravida kvinnor kan leda till missfall och allvarliga störningar i barnets utveckling. Moderns tarmflora överförs med stor sannolikhet till barnet under förlossningen och kan därför innebära ett viktigt steg i utvecklingen av barnets tarmflora. En tänkbar lösning för att säkra ett adekvat intag kan vara konsumtion av kosttillskott och probiotika. I dagsläget finns osäkra uppgifter om hur många gravida kvinnor som intar tillskott. Syfte Att undersöka hur många gravida kvinnor i Västerbottens län som valde att inta kosttillskott, främst järn och probiotika, samt om det fanns en skillnad mellan olika faktorer och intag. Metod En kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie där gravida kvinnor (n=1473) från Northpop-studien i Västerbottens län svarade på ett frågeformulär gällande intag av kosttillskott och faktorer som ålder, utbildning, kostregim etc. De statistiska tester som användes var Chi-2-test, oberoende t-test och Mann Whitney U-test. Materialet analyserades i SPSS. Signifikansnivån sattes till p<0,05. Resultat Majoriteten av deltagarna svarade att de intog kosttillskott. Faktorer som ökade intaget av kosttillskott hos gravida kvinnor var högre ålder (p=0,030) jämfört med lägre ålder, högre utbildningsnivå (p=0,006) jämfört med lägre utbildningsnivå och vegetarisk/vegansk kost (p=0,021) jämfört med blandkost. Femtiofem procent uppgav att de intog järntillskott. De faktorer som ökade intaget av järntillskott hos gravida kvinnor var vegetarisk/vegansk kost (p=0,001) jämfört med blandkost. Probiotika intogs av 2 procent. Ett högre intag av probiotika sågs hos personer boende i stadsområde (p=0,024) jämfört med övriga boenderegioner samt de som åt vegetarisk/vegansk kost (p=0,001) jämfört med blandkost. Slutsats Majoriteten av deltagarna intog någon typ av kosttillskott, hälften intog järntillskott och en liten andel intog probiotika. Lågutbildade, yngre, de som äter blandkost och bor utanför stadsområde verkar vara i riskgruppen för att inte inta kosttillskott.Abstract Background Vitamin and mineral deficiencies in pregnant women can lead to miscarriage and serious disturbances in children’s development. The intestinal flora of the mother is most likely transmitted to the child during childbirth and may lay the foundation for the child's health. One possible solution to ensure an adequate intake may be the consumption of dietary supplements and probiotics. At present, there is insufficient data on supplement consumption among pregnant women. Objective The purpose of the study was to examine how many pregnant women in Västerbotten County chose to consume dietary supplements, mainly iron and probiotics, and whether there was a difference between different factors and intake. Method A quantitative cross-sectional study where pregnant women (n=1473) from the Northpop-study in Västerbotten County responded to a questionnaire regarding consumption of dietary supplements and factors such as age, education, diet etc. The material was analyzed in SPSS with Chi-2-test, independent T-Test and Mann-Whitney U-Test. Using significance level <0.05. Results The majority of participants, 90 percent, responded that they consumed dietary supplements. The factors that increased the intake of dietary supplements in pregnant women were higher age (p=0.030), higher education (p=0.006) and vegetarian/vegan diet (p=0.021). Iron was reported to be consumed by 804 people, 55 percent. The factors that increased the intake of iron supplement in pregnant women were vegetarian/vegan diet (p=0.001). Probiotics were consumed by 25 people, 2 percent. Living in urban areas (p=0.024) and eating vegetarian/vegan diet (p=0.002) increased consumption of probiotics. Conclusion The majority of participants chose to consume some type of dietary supplement, half of the participants consumed iron supplements and a small part consumed probiotics. It appears that pregnant women who are low educated, younger, eating an omnivorous diet and living outside urban areas are in the risk zone for not consuming dietary supplements.
Northpop
Books on the topic "Mann-Whitney U test"
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Wiesen, Christopher. Learn to Use the Mann–Whitney U Test in Stata With Data From the Monmouth University Virginia Poll, Number 144 (2017). 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom: SAGE Publications, Ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526484185.
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Peacock, Janet L., and Sally M. Kerry. Comparing two groups. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198599661.003.0007.
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Chapter 7 discusses comparing two groups, and covers graphical presentation of continuous unpaired data, the two-sample t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, comparing two proportions, and further reading.
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Peacock, Janet L., Sally M. Kerry, and Raymond R. Balise. Comparing two groups. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198779100.003.0007.
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Chapter 7 discusses comparing two groups, and covers graphical presentation of continuous unpaired data, the two-sample t test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. It describes the use of data transformations and how results are interpreted. It shows how to compare two proportions using the chi-squared test and how to report results as differences in proportions, relative risks, and odds ratios. It includes how to calculate 95% confidence intervals for estimates. Finally, the chapter discusses the reasons for and consequences of dichotomization of continuous data and a method for dichotomization without losing statistical power. The chapter includes analyses using Stata, SAS, SPSS, and R.
Book chapters on the topic "Mann-Whitney U test"
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MacFarland, Thomas W., and Jan M. Yates. "Mann–Whitney U Test." In Introduction to Nonparametric Statistics for the Biological Sciences Using R, 103–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30634-6_4.
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Gooch, Jan W. "Mann-Whitney U Test." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 986. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_15277.
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Ashcroft, Stephen, and Chris Pereira. "The Mann-Whitney U-test." In Practical Statistics for the Biological Sciences, 49–58. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-04085-5_5.
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Quicke, Donald L. J., Buntika A. Butcher, and Rachel A. Kruft Welton. "Commonly used measures and statistical tests." In Practical R for biologists: an introduction, 103–18. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245349.0103.
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Abstract There are a number of statistical tests that are frequently used, even by non-specialists. This chapter will cover tests such as Chi-squared, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U and several variations of the Student's t-test, amongst others.
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Quicke, Donald L. J., Buntika A. Butcher, and Rachel A. Kruft Welton. "Commonly used measures and statistical tests." In Practical R for biologists: an introduction, 103–18. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245349.0010.
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Abstract There are a number of statistical tests that are frequently used, even by non-specialists. This chapter will cover tests such as Chi-squared, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U and several variations of the Student's t-test, amongst others.
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Vengatesan, K., S. B. Mahajan, P. Sanjeevikumar, R. Mangrule, V. Kala, and Pragadeeswaran. "Performance Analysis of Gene Expression Data Using Mann–Whitney U Test." In Advances in Systems, Control and Automation, 701–9. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4762-6_67.
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Gilbertson, D. D., M. Kent, and F. B. Pyatt. "Data analysis and interpretation I: introduction and the Mann- Whitney U test." In Practical Ecology for Geography and Biology, 197–207. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1415-8_11.
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Snaibi, Wadii, and Abdelhamid Mezrhab. "Livestock Breeders’ Adaptation to Climate Variability and Change in Morocco’s Arid Rangelands." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1853–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_18.
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AbstractSince the mid-1970s, the high plateaus of eastern Morocco have experienced proven trends of climate change (CC) such as a significant decrease in rainfall amounts and an increase in the droughts’ frequency. Consequently, the CC threatens the sustainability of this pastoral ecosystem and negatively affects the breeding of small ruminants, the main local-level livelihood, which becomes more vulnerable due to its high dependence on climatic conditions. This chapter aims to analyze breeders’ adaptation practices by taking into account their social stratification based on the size of the sheep flock in possession. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests to examine the differences in the adoption’ frequency of CC adaptation measures according breeders’ classes and Chi-square independence test to identify the factors explaining these observed differences. The analysis of local adaptation practices reveals that they are endogenous but above all curative, aiming at a short-term logic and have a low to medium relevance compared to the specific objective of adaptation to CC. In addition, there are significant differences in the frequency of adoption of CC adaptation strategies (chi-square value = 8.1112, p = 0.017, df = 2) within categories of breeders, in particular between small and larger breeders (U statistic = 58.000, p = 0.008). The significant factors explaining these differences are socioeconomic (age, household size, equipment, training, and membership of a basic professional organization). It is therefore recommended to target small breeders as a priority and to set up support measures (equipment, training, funding, organization of breeders).
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"Mann–Whitney U-test." In Encyclopedia of Cancer, 2160. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_3528.
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"Mann-Whitney U Test." In Handbook of Parametric and Nonparametric Statistical Procedures. Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420036268.ch12.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Mann-Whitney U test"
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Fetaji, Majlinda, Labinot Morina, and Bekim Fetaji. "Devising and evaluating B2B conceptual model for B2B portal for mobile interactive devices using Mann-Whitney U test." In 2017 6th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/meco.2017.7977139.
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Babinčáková, Mária, Mária Ganajová, Ivana Sotáková, and Veronika Jurková. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT INTO CHEMISTRY EDUCATION AT SECONDARY SCHOOL." In 3rd International Baltic Symposium on Science and Technology Education (BalticSTE2019). Scientia Socialis Ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/balticste/2019.09.
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The results of the implementation of formative assessment into chemistry education at secondary school for the topic “Mixtures” are presented here. Students (12-14 years old, N=202) were divided into two groups – control (N=97) and experimental (N=105). Teachers of experimental group implemented formative assessment tools into ten lessons (a predictive card, Frayer model, self-assessment card, T-card, concept map, and exit card). Control group teachers taught without formative assessment. The Mann-Whitney U test confirmed statistically significant results (p<.05). Keywords: formative assessment, secondary school, mixtures.
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Shubat, Oksana, and Mark Shubat. "Demographic And Statistical Modelling Of Grandfatherhood In Russia." In 35th ECMS International Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2021-0057.
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In recent years, negative demographic trends have been developing in Russia. The most important is a decline in the birth rate. Researchers are actively looking for new determinants of this process, on the basis of which measures of population policy can be developed. One of these determinants may be active grandparenting, which means the active participation of grandparents in the processes of caring for grandchildren. The aim of this study is to create a demographic and statistical model of a typical Russian grandfather, actively involved in childcare. We used the following methods: parametric and nonparametric independent samples tests (t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, median test), regression analysis, indirect method of calculations. As a result, two models were presented – statistical demographic model of the age when Russian men enter grandparenthood and demographic model of a typical Russian grandfather actively involved in childcare. Our study is a preliminary stage for a large-scale survey of grandparenting practices in Russia. The number of older people is growing fast, which makes this socio-economic group increasingly important for addressing the problems of demographic decline in Russia. Therefore, large-scale research of grandparenthood is crucial for more efficient policy-making in this sphere.
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Langemeyer, Ines, and Nadja Schlindwein. "Insights into academic feasibility at the KIT: a mixed-methods exploration of the department of mechanical engineering." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.13065.
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As part of their accreditation procedure, universities have to ensure academic feasibility of their study courses. Against that backdrop, student’s workload and study conditions are focused as indicators of quality. However, this prioritization of formal criteria is defined by the module handbooks rather than by the students themselves. Therefore, a mixed-methods-analysis at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) was conducted to shed light on these issues: How can individual expectations and requirements of students towards the academic learning settings be incorporated into quality assessment? Which opportunities of individual development for students exist in the academic setting and do they differ with regard to different departments at the KIT? The data of surveys completed by 324 students of the department of mechanical engineering and 242 students of the department of economics and management at the KIT are the basis of our analysis. The empirical analysis via chi-square-test and Mann-Whitney-U-Test indicates significant distinctions between students of both departments at the KIT concerning their experiences with research and inquiry and their motives for enrolling to university courses. Further analyses via interviews are planned to reveal the complex chains of reasons for this research results such as considerations of course characteristics and cultural condition.
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Gürbüz, Gözde, İlknur Kumkale, and Adil Oğuzhan. "TheEffects of Empowerment Applications on Organizational Loyality in the Banking Sector: A Study of Trakya Region." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00767.
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It is necessary that several applications should be done by the firms to adaptation to the changing market conditions and taking advantage of loyality. The first-major one of these applications is “empowerment” which is a modern management application. Efforts and labor of employees, who are so important for the firms’ developing and growing process, make valuable the firms. As businesses are aware of this, give power, responsibility, authority, and confidence to the employees; and thus they will be empowered. When the employees feel that they are empowered, their loyality will increase to the employer. This is important for the firms in today's hard conditions. In this study, it was investigated how was applied empowerment in the banking sector that there is intensive competition and how the empowerment effect the loyality level on the organization. The study is done via first data acquired from questionnary which were applied to 382 employees in 20 banks in Edirne, Tekirdağ and Kırklareli city-centers, and seconder data is from the literrature. The reliability test, demographical dispersion of employees, interpretation of employee empowerment and organizational commitment’s surveys, factor analiysis, variation tests (Kolmogrov-Smirnov Z, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis), regression and correlation analysis was made by SPSS. As a result of the study, it is concluded that, the empowerment applications in the banking sector, increased the loyality of the employee to the organizations.
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Wilkinson, D., P. Vowden, A. B. Latif, S. M. Rajah, and R. C. Kester. "EICOSANOIDS AND VASOSPASM." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643385.
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To investigate the hypothesis that abnormalities in prostanoid metabolism may be an aetiological factor in Raynaud's syndrome (RS) we have measured the stable metabolites 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α ) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2), using a radioimmunoassay. The table gives their levels (in ng/ml) and ratio (mean±SD) in healthy volunteers and in a group of patients with RS.In the control group there was no significant correlation between prostanoid levels and age, sex or smoking habit. In primary Raynaud's TXB2- levels and the ratio tend to be elevated from our control values. Patients with Vibration White Finger Disease (VWF) have a similar eicosanoid profile to that of the primary Raynaud's group with elevated TXB2 levels. One patient in this group had markedly raised 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2 levels and later proved to have a circulating auto-antibody. Menstruating females in our study showed both elevated TXB and ratios similar to the primary group. It is interesting to note that menstruating females have an increased sensitivity to cold with abnormal cold stress tests. Patients with Raynaud's syndrome secondary to a systemic disorder have markedly elevated 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2 levels although the ratio of the two remains within our normal range. There is a significant difference between secondary Raynaud's and all other groups investigated in the study (Mann-Whitney U test p = 0.04). Further research into prostanoid metabolism may yield a greater understanding of the pathophysiology of Raynaud's syndrome. Therapy may best be aimed at altering the levels of these important local hormones.
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Decyk, Kamil. "Competitiveness factors in the innovative enterprises." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.055.
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The research problem was to determine the relationship between having an action plan related to innovations by innovative enterprises and the type and degree of these enterprises’ use of competitiveness factors. The objective of the research was to identify and assess competitiveness factors in innovative enterprises taking into consideration their strategic plans related to innovation management. For achieving this objective, the following research methods were used: analysis of national and foreign literature resources, survey measurement (observation technique), direct and indirect interview, research tool: questionnaire. The results were analyzed with statistical methods such as arithmetic mean, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test (χ2), and measures of the association including Pearson's contingency coefficient and Cramér’s V coefficient were applied. The analysis of the results showed that the assessment of competitiveness factors such as innovativeness, quality, marketing and logistics activities differed with statistical significance depending on whether the firm had a long-term action plan related to innovations. The research also showed a relationship between competing using innovativeness and having an action plan related to innovations. However, this relationship was not statistically significant. As a result, the research hypothesis can be neither rejected nor confirmed. The conducted research proves that it is worth for innovative enterprises to develop long-term action plans related to innovations. Such enterprises boast a higher degree of utilization of competitiveness factors, which in effect may determine their strength and competitive position. It is also needed to mention that presented in the study results are only a part of the bigger one, concerning the level of innovative activity of innovative enterprises. At the same time, the research material presented in this article does not have a statistical character and cannot be the basis for the formulation of general conclusions. However, it may be the point of reference in in-depth research on these issues
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Druzhinina, Valeriya. "The Empirical Analysis of Occupational Reflection of Police Officers." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-33.
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One of the most pressing issues in contemporary psychology is the study and analysis of the reflective aspects of the performance of police officers. This article deals with the theoretical and empirical aspects of psychological cognition of the stated topic regarding the example of future officers of investigative units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Different approaches to understanding occupational reflections were listed. Within the scope of this study, the authors share the view that occupational reflection is one of the structural components of the I-concept of an investigative officer. To comprehensively study the stated topic, the auhors addressed the types of problems faced by an investigative officer, and defined the contribution of occupational reflection to the proper fulfillment of duties. The aim of the study is to empirically identify the revelation of features of parameters of occupational reflection of police officers. The author summarises the results of an empirical study in a sample of students in an educational organisation of the Russian Mi nistry of Internal Affairs system. The occupational reflection technique (V.D. Shadrikov, S.S. Kurginyan) was employed. Mann-Whitney non-parametric U-test methods were used to process the results and analyse them statistically, using SPSS for Windows v.19. Male fifth-year students have been proven to lack the skills responsible for defining motives and objectives of professional activity. The range of significance of the overall level of reflexivity in both groups falls short of the norm. The results of the research will be used for the development of the author’s programme for the development of police officers’ performance reflection as well as for the comprehensive study of the image of the profession in the structure of the I-concept of the investigators of the Russian MIA system.
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Ban, Maja, Tomislav Đurković, and Nenad Marelić. "Comparison of FMS tests between female and male volleyball players with possible implications on volleyball performance." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-1.
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Purpose: The main goal of this study is to determine possible differences in the range and quality of movement between senior male and female volleyball players of HAOK Mladost. Methods: Respondents, all right-handed and healthy, were members of the senior volleyball team of HAOK Mladost (female n=24, male n=17). The testing was conducted during the transition period, between the first and second competition period. We used seven tests, all part of standard FMS protocol: Deep Squat (DS), Hurdle Step (HS), In-Line Lunge (ILL), Shoulder Mobility (SM), Active Straight Leg Raise (ASLR), Trunk Stability Push-up (TSPU), Rotary Stability (RS), with 12 measured variables (left and right side for five bilateral tests plus DS and TSPU). Educated staff at the Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb con-ducted the testing. The examination of significance of the differences between senior male and female volleyball players was conducted by using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Statistical analysis showed significant difference in three tests: In – Line Lunge Left (ILLL), z= -2,11, p=0,03, with moderate effect size (r=0.33), Active Straight Leg Raise Left (ASLRL), z= -2,58, p=0,01, with moderate to strong effect size (r=0.4) and Stability Push-up (TSPU) z= -3,68, p=0,00, with strong effect size (r=0.58). Conclusion: Statistically significant difference was determined in the range and quality of movement in three measured variables. Male volleyball players achieved better results in two tests: In-Line Lunge Left (ILLL) and Stability Push-up (TSPU). That addresses to a higher ability to keep the balance during lunges (reaction on short balls during reception or defence phase of the game) and considerably higher ability to maintain the stability of the trunk in the transfer of force from the upper extremities to the lower (during block) and vice versa (during spike). It is interesting to note that female volleyball players achieved a significantly better rating in the Active Straight Leg Raise Left (ASLRL) test, suggesting a better flexibility of the left hamstrings and better right hip mobility which enables higher capacity in performing el-ements which require extension, which include almost all volleyball elements (hitting, serve receive and transition into offense, defence and transition into counterattack and blocking, smashing and jump serve).
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Ljubičić, Sanja, Ljubomir Antekolović, and Vedran Dukarić. "Differences in the level of body equilibrium by sex in early school-age children." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-10.
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Equilibrium represents the motor capability responsible for the performance of virtually all functional movements. Thus, the importance of early diagnosis of equilibrium levels in boys and girls was recognized as the key factor for the prevention of motor deficits and muscles misbalances later in life. Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to show the difference between boys and girls aged 7‒10 years in the level of unilateral static balance of the take-off leg. Methods: Research was conducted at the Kvarner Athletics Club Rijeka, and it involved 80 children aged 7‒10 years (38 boys and 42 girls). Measurement of static unilateral equilibrium was obtained using Gyko Inertial System (Microgate, Bolzano, Italy). Three attempts were made in 20 seconds and two motor variables were observed: medio-lateral and antero-posterior trajectories of the body. For both variables, the arithmetic mean, the minimum and maximum score and standard deviation were calculated. Moreover, a non-parametric method of the Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine statistical significance between boys and girls. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Statistically, girls have significantly better results compared to boys, both in the medio-lateral trajectory variable (M_Sumg = 335.1, M_Sumb = 479.34) and the antero-posterior trajectory variable (M_Sumg = 291.14, M_Sumb = 411.71). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that girls aged 7‒10 years achieved significantly better results compared to boys in observed motor variables (medio-lateral and antero-posterior trajectory of the body), when performing a static unilateral take-off leg balance test. These results are consistent with previous research. Indications for such results stem from different perspectives, among which the most common one refers to the earlier maturation of the systems responsible for postural control in female bodies. Recommendation for further research is to conduct examination on a larger sample of subjects, in younger children (pre-school age) and with both legs.