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1
Prewitt, Melvin J. "From biculturalism to culture clash: French language and Manitoba public education to 1916." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2261.
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The Manitoba School Question is representative of a larger problem of possible tyranny by the majority. Mob rule is often less recognized when seemingly legitimized by legislative action. This long term event shows the danger resulting from assumptions that constitutional provisions provide adequate protection for a minority. When legislation is enacted which removes Constitutional rights, and there is no violent opposition, are assumed to be accepted by all. Once opposition develops decades later, it comes as an apparent surprise, even to individuals in prominent political positions.
Language is clearly a major issue in the Manitoba School Question but all elements of culture including religion and ethnicity play important roles in the controversy. While other North American communities like Prairie du Chien and St. Louis have retained little to mark a distinctive French culture, aside from street names, in Manitoba, the language and other cultural elements continue in theater, literature, and education. Even as the minority language continues, there is virtually no one who claims French as their native language who is not fluent in English. As other locations in North America debate the question and propriety of imposing an official language, much could be learned from the experience of Manitoba.
The primary sources utilized in this study were mainly documents generated by the Manitoba and Canadian governments and by the Manitoba Department of Education. Much information was also gleaned from the correspondence of Catholic missionaries and Archbishop Taché as well as from leadership in the Protestant school systems. Few of most important participants in this pageant lived to witness the Constitutional crisis resulting from the quick and easy legislative responses to popular sentiments.
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Pivot, Frédérique. "Télédétection appliquée au suivi des variations spatio-temporelles du couvert nival à la limite des arbres (Churchill-Manitoba)." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50377-2000-25.pdf.
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Crecco, Vanessa. "Diversity of Agromyzidae (Diptera) in Canadian tallgrass prairies." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31214.
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An inventory of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Canadian tallgrass prairies was conducted in southern Manitoba. Specimens were collected at primary study sites between 1996--2000, by sweeping, malaise traps and pan traps. In order to establish species distributions in eastern grasslands, Agromyzidae were also obtained from other surveys in southern Ontario grasslands. Over 850 specimens were identified from 49 species (15 genera) from the Manitoba sites. The most diverse genera were Liriomyza (10 species) and Cerodontha (8 species), and the latter genus was the most abundant, primarily because of two dominant species: C. superciliosa and C. inconspicua. The zoogeographic distribution of tallgrass prairie agromyzids is dominated by Nearctic and Holarctic species, suggesting that many of the species are generalists. Species shared with eastern grasslands are primarily widespread Nearctic species. Twenty-eight percent of the species show grassland affinities; further investigation is required to confirm the distribution and habitat preference of these species.
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Robinson, Richard D. (Richard Daniel). "The effects of bromoxynil herbicide on experimental prairie wetlands /." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55701.
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Marchand, Anne-Sophie. "La vitalité ethnolinguistique de la minorité franco-manitobaine (Canada) : facteurs de maintien et facteurs de régression linguistiques." Besançon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BESA1006.
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Cette étude analyse les facteurs de développement et d'assimilation de la minorité linguistique francophone du Manitoba à travers le prisme des représentations discursives des locuteurs recueillies lors d'enquêtes de type qualitatif et a pour objectif d'examiner comment les faits (historiques, politiques, scolaires, culturels et linguistiques) sont assimiles puis (re)traduits et exprimes par les individus. En nous aidant de plusieurs méthodes analytiques (analyses de discours, sociolinguistique interactionnelle, etc. ) Et en corrélant à la fois les critères objectifs et subjectifs, on observe différentes formes de survivance de la minorité franco- manitobaine, de la plus visible au sentiment linguistique le plus intime, caractéristiques d'identités en balancement. Par ailleurs, et malgré une politique linguistique canadienne revalorisant le statut du français, on constate souvent que les locuteurs franco-manitobains souffrent d'une diglossie anglais/français et d'une insécurité linguistique qui pèsent fortement sur leurs comportements langagiers et déteignent sur leur francité. Cet état de faits provoque parfois des conflits linguistiques - entre le même et l'autre, entre francophones et vis-vis des autres minorités - générant une schizoglossie voire même une assimilation et influe sur leurs performances langagières (réduction stylistique, surutilisation de variantes due au contact avec l'anglais, etc. ). A l'interface de cet intersecté empreint d'un mélange de deux langues en contact, on peut encore observer dans le parler franco-manitobain le maintien de dialectes français et franco-canadiens tels que le patois jurassien transplante il y a un siècle et le métis (pidgin franco cri (langue amérindienne)), véritables "lieux de mémoire" et de métissage d'identités franco-manitobaines en devenir.
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Bois, Claudette Hélène. "The effect of timber harvest and wildfire on soil physical and nutritional dynamics in two boreal forest ecosite types in eastern Manitoba /." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80229.
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Forest ecosystems undergo both natural and human induced disturbances. Depending on disturbance type, soil physical and chemical parameters show different response patterns during the recovery phase. An added level of complication is the ecological site types occurring throughout a forested area. The identification of indicators of soil fertility and the successful emulation of a natural disturbance regime were the scope of this research.The research presented herein took place in the Manitoba Model Forest (MBMF), located in eastern Manitoba, where the natural disturbance regime is wildfire. Timber harvest strategies used in the area are designed to emulate a wildfire (5% retention of standing timber and extensive slash inputs) and clearcut harvesting. The objective of this study was to document changes in forest floor and soil properties prior to and following harvesting, and to compare these properties to those found in a small wildfire that burned in the MBMF in late summer 1998, which serves as a benchmark to the harvest. In the two study areas, both thin mineral soil (5--20 cm) and moderately deep mineral soil (20--100 cm) ecosite types were monitored at four dates over a two year period for soil physical and nutritional response patterns.
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Lavallée, Guy Albert Sylvestre. "The Metis people of St. Laurent, Manitoba : an introductory ethnology." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28100.
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This thesis examines the lives of a people, the Metis or the Michifs as they call themselves at St.Laurent, Manitoba. The Metis people were generally referred to as the off-springs of the Native Indian women and of the Europeans during the fur trade era. One hundred and thirty years ago, they enjoyed at Red River a successful economic way of life that was highly integrated to the land and to the environment. The Metis, at the time, were a proud race and called themselves the 'New Nation'. In 1870, after seeing Manitoba become a province within Confederation, their leader Louis Riel, was expelled from his homeland and the
Metis gradually became, over the years, a socially and economically marginalized people.
The purpose of this thesis is to document the process by which a particular Metis community at St.Laurent, Manitoba, is moving or has moved from being a self-contained community to a condition in which some aspects of their lives appear more generally 'Canadian' than specifically Metis. Due to the processes of modernization and secularization,
many Metis find themselves today at a cultural crossroad. They face the choice of remaining Metis or becoming 'Canadian'. Data reveals that there are some social, cultural and economic implications in making such a decision. I will argue the point that it is possible to retain a strong and definitive sense of being Metis while at the same time becoming a Canadian and, presumably, less Metis than formerly was the case.
Some findings of this research relate to the constituents of Metisness, both core and surface values. We will follow the process of change these cultural values have undergone within the life-span of the informants. Data shows that some Metis, under economic pressure, made their decision rather quickly as they joined the mainstream of society. Others continue to struggle to retain some aspects of Metisness as they see former cultural ways absorbed by the modern current. In many instances, Metis people are becoming 'Canadian' at the expense of being Metis, that many Metis have assimilated and have become 'Canadian'. As a result, Metis today are not what they were in the past.
However, in the process, we encounter many Metis today, who are rediscovering their family origins, their historical traditions and cultural heritage. These people are, in their own ways, socially, culturally and politically reconstructing
new expressions of Metisness in today's technological world.Arts, Faculty of
Anthropology, Department of
Graduate
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Dove, Alice E. "Methane dynamics of a northern boreal beaver pond." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23883.
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Most global and regional "greenhouse gas" budgets have neglected beaver ponds, but they have been found to be relatively high emitters of methane (CH$ sb4$) (Roulet et. al., 1992). Static chambers, bubble traps, benthic chambers. piezometers, and water column and sediment profiles were used to determine the dynamics of CH$ sb4$ production, oxidation, storage, and emissions from a northern boreal beaver pond, as part of the Boreal Forest Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) from May 1 to September 15, 1994. Samples were analysed by gas chromatography, and isotopic analyses were performed by mass spectrometry.The mean flux of CH$ sb4$ from the beaver pond (155 and 320 mg CH$ sb4$ m$ sp{-2}$ d$ sp{-1}$ for vegetated and open water sites, respectively) was greater than the flux from most other northern boreal wetlands (Bubier et. al., 1995). CH$ sb4$ availability was primarily controlled by sediment temperature, and CH$ sb4$ transport was controlled by windspeed (diffusion) and atmospheric pressure (bubbles). Bubbles comprised 20 to 52% of the net annual flux comprising the remainder. A large difference in bubble flux was observed between open water (15.7 g CH$ sb4$ m$ sp{-2}$ yr$ sp{-1}$) and vegetated sites (2.9 g CH$ sb4$ m$ sp{-2}$ yr$ sp{-1}$), and isotopic analyses indicate that this difference is due, in part, to a difference in CH$ sb4$ production pathways between sites. Greater oxidation also reduced the CH$ sb4$ flux from shallow, vegetated sites.
A preliminary CH$ sb4$ budget for the BOREAS northern study area indicates that beaver ponds contribute significantly (6% to 30%) to the regional CH$ sb4$ flux. The areal extent of beaver ponds needs to be determined for inclusion in regional and global CH$ sb4$ budgets.
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Fauchon, André. "La population du Manitoba (Canada)." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010688.
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Cette thèse étudie la population du Manitoba depuis l'arrivée des premiers européens en 1612. La première partie concerne la mise en place du peuplement, qui s'organise autour de l'exploration du territoire et de l'exploitation des ressources, et qui se modifie avec la fondation de la première colonie agricole en 1812. Les changements politiques et le chemin de fer contribuent à l'intensification du peuplement et a son expansion. La deuxième partie concerne l'urbanisation du territoire. Pendant longtemps, le Manitoba est demeure rural ; son économie reposait sur l'agriculture. Avec le rail, une agriculture qui se commercialise, l'industrialisation et la croissance de la population, se développe un réseau de centres urbains, avant tout des centres de services pour les fermiers. Par sa situation privilégiée et son rôle dans l'ouest canadien, Winnipeg devient rapidement la principale ville. Au XIXe siècle, l'économie est largement dominée par les activités primaires. Au XXe siècle, les activités se diversifient et se multiplient; une société moderne, urbaine et industrielle, remplace peu à peu la société traditionnelle, rurale et agricole. La troisième partie analyse ces changements dans les activités économiques. Dans la quatrième partie sont étudiés les déplacements de population. Le Manitoba est une terre d'immigration ; il est aussi une terre d'émigration : le solde migratoire est le plus souvent négatif. Et à l'intérieur de ses frontières, il y a une mobilité importante, principalement vers Winnipeg. La cinquième partie concerne les caractéristiques démographiques : structure par âge et par sexe, fécondité, mortalité et accroissement naturel, qui sont perturbées par les migrations et les déplacements internes. La dernière partie fait le bilan de la croissance de la population depuis 1870. Aujourd'hui, le Manitoba compte un peu plus d'un million d'habitants, et Winnipeg en rassemble près de 60%
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Fauchon, André. "La Population du Manitoba, Canada." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37605009p.
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Campeau, Suzanne. "The relative importance of algae and vascular plant detritus to freshwater wetland food chains /." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60458.
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This study examines the relative contribution of algae and vascular plant litter to the food chains of freshwater marshes. Twelve enclosures (5 m diam.) were deployed in a nutrient-poor marsh of the Interlake region of Manitoba. Algae levels in six of the enclosures were increased by fertilizing the water column. In addition, the hardstem bulrush (Scirpus lacustris glaucus (Sm.) Hartm) litter present was replaced with a non-nutritive artificial substrate in half of the fertilized and unfertilized enclosures. Fertilization did not affect the dry weight loss of bulrush litter, but N and P concentrations were higher in the decomposing litter of the fertilized treatments. Dominant taxa of nektonic herbivores-detritivores responded to fertilization but were not affected by the replacement of plant litter by a non-nutritive substrate. Epiphytic herbivores-detritivores responded to changes in both detritus and algal food sources. Fertilization resulted in early peaks of emergence for the Chironominae, Tanypodinae and Orthocladiinae. Emergence data late in the study period suggest that the importance of litter as a food source may increase as decomposition progresses.
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Gagnon, Félix. "La régénération spontanée d'une tourbière manitobaine après extraction de la tourbe : diversité des assemblages végétaux et propositions d'aménagement." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27477.
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L'extraction de la tourbe à des fins horticoles laisse parfois un écosystème résiduel avec une tourbe de type minérotrophe qui ne retrouve pas un couvert végétal représentatif d'un milieu naturel sans assistance humaine. Par contre, on peut y retrouver des couverts végétaux “spontanés” très importants. Mieux connaitre ces tourbières pourrait permettre de comprendre les facteurs favorisant le retour de la végétation après une perturbation importante. La tourbière de Moss Spur (Manitoba) fait partie de ces tourbières s'étant revégétées de façon naturelle et constitue l'objet de ce mémoire. Dix-neuf ans se sont écoulés entre la cessation des activités d'extraction et la collecte des données. Le site a été séparé en 24 secteurs, sur lesquels ont été répartis 97 quadrats de végétation et 47 puits de mesure de la nappe phréatique. En plus des données de végétation et de nappe phréatique, plusieurs variables environnementales ont été mesurées. Une analyse de groupement a été faite sur les données de végétation et des analyses multivariées ont été effectuées révélant que le pH de l'eau, l'épaisseur de tourbe résiduelle et la nappe phréatique sont les variables ayant le plus de pouvoir explicatif. Les trois groupes de quadrats inventoriés ont des assemblages végétaux bien distincts, s'apparentant à ceux qu'on trouve dans des fens modérément riches, des bogs ou des marais. Le pH de l'eau (allant de 4,27 à 6,88) est lié positivement avec le gradient de végétation bog-fen-marais et varie grandement à l'échelle de la tourbière, donnant ainsi un paysage de mosaïque qui représente les différences chimiques du site. Les résultats indiquent qu'une tourbière de type minérotrophe peut retrouver une végétation de milieu humide sans assistance humaine autre que certaines actions de remouillage.
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Weeber, Russell C. "Nutrient addition and the use of stable isotope techniques in wetlands of the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22825.
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This study examines the relationship between nutrient additions and algae and invertebrate productivity in a nutrient-poor wetland of the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada. Alfalfa hay was added to experimental enclosures in May 1992. Alfalfa additions were made in unprocessed and ground forms and consisted of three treatments: ground low, whole low, and whole high. Dissolved oxygen, surface water nutrients, algae standing crop, and invertebrate production were monitored at open marsh sites and in treatment and control enclosures during 1992 and 1993. Stable $ sp{13}$C, $ sp{15}$N and $ sp{34}$S isotope ratios were determined for the alfalfa additions, and for surface water, algae, macrophytes, sediments and invertebrates.In general, the effects of nutrient additions were confined to 1992. Treatment enclosure dissolved oxygen levels decreased immediately following fertilization, recovering in the low treatments by early June. Low oxygen conditions persisted in whole high enclosures throughout most of 1992. Dissolved and suspended nutrient concentrations, and phytoplankton chlorophyll a increased but, with the exception of dissolved N, were soon lost from the water column. Treatment enclosure epiphytic algae increased while epipelon did not respond to fertilization. The primary effect of fertilization on invertebrate production was an increase in treatment enclosure chironomid larvae during 1992. As with productivity measures, stable isotope ratio values suggested a temporary presence of alfalfa nutrients in the enclosed food webs. Only the isotope ratios of metaphytic algae and snails collected during August 1992 indicated an incorporation of alfalfa nutrients.
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Vermette, D'Arcy G. "Beyond Doctrines of Dominance: Conceptualizing a Path to Legal Recognition and Affirmation of the Manitoba Métis Treaty." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23138.
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In 1869-70 the Métis of the Red River region in Manitoba resisted the transfer of their homeland from the Hudson’s Bay Company to Canada. The Métis people responded to this transfer by blocking Canadian surveyors, government officials, and taking control of the territory through the establishment of representative institutions. Eventually, the Métis negotiated favourable terms with Ottawa which, this thesis argues, represented according to law, and to the Métis, a treaty. This thesis argues that this treaty was intended to protect the Métis homeland and provide political and social protections. The Manitoba Métis Treaty was intended to guarantee the Métis a land base in Manitoba the total size of which was to be 1.4 million acres. The reservation of this land came with protective obligations so that the entire community would receive a benefit from such lands. While Canada has developed a body of treaty law which will be used to interpret the Manitoba Métis Treaty, matters were convoluted by the enshrinement of this treaty agreement in the Manitoba Act of 1870, a document which would gain constitutional status a year later. The impact of this legislative history has led some researchers to link government obligations entirely to the Act, rather than to the negotiated agreement. Indeed, it would seem that the negotiations have been, for the most part, understood as nothing more than conversations. I reject that position and argue that both the negotiations and the Act must be taken into consideration when assessing the obligations undertaken by the Crown. The unique history of the Manitoba agreement means that Canada was under both constitutional and treaty law obligations to uphold the negotiated agreement between itself and the Métis. This thesis argues that not only is the treaty the correct legal interpretation of the events of 1869-70 but that the government of Canada failed to honour its commitments in several meaningful ways. The approach utilized in this thesis is designed to be reliant upon the basic structure and doctrines of Canadian law but to do so in a manner which gives weight to the Métis voice. It is neither a critique which is wholly internal to Canadian law nor is it completely dismissive of Canadian law. Instead, this thesis will illustrate that with only minor adjustments to the application and interpretation of colonial law, the Manitoba Métis Treaty could find a more receptive audience in Canadian legal thought. In the face of a reasonable alternative, such a project can allow other researchers to question why the courts have chosen a path which denies reception of Métis voice, community and culture in Canadian law.
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Bellisario, Lianne. "Net ecosystem exchange and methane emissions from a boreal peatland, Thompson, Manitoba." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23868.
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Net ecosystem exchange of CO$ sb2$ (NEE) and CH$ sb4$ flux were measured at five sites within a boreal peatland near Thompson, Manitoba, from June through September, 1994. Sites were chosen to represent the different plant communities present along a productivity gradient where the water table was at or near the peat surface. Methane emissions, water table depth, and peat temperature were measured on weekly basis, while the relationship between photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and net ecosystem exchange of CO$ sb2$ was determined three times during the field season, and then used to develop net ecosystem production (NEP) models at each site. Porewater methane was sampled for $ rm delta sp{13}C/ sp{12}C$ isotopic analysis once a month.Among the sites, after PAR, light CO$ sb2$ flux was primarily controlled by sedge biomass and water table position, while dark CO$ sb2$ flux was controlled by peat temperature. From early June to late August, the five sites consumed approximately 1 to 2 g $ rm CO sb2$-C m$ rm sp{-2}d sp{-1}$. Seasonal CH$ sb4$ fluxes ranged between 16 and 456 mg $ rm CH sb4 m sp{-2}d sp{-1}$, and were higher than fluxes measured at other boreal sites in the same latitude. Seasonal average NEP was a good predictor of seasonal CH$ sb4$ fluxes from the sites (r$ sp2$ = 0.50), providing a model which estimates CH$ sb4$ flux based on site productivity alone. Stable carbon isotope analysis indicates root exudates that stimulate methanogenesis are an important control on this relationship, as is a high water table, particularly in its influence on the depth of the CH$ sb4$ oxidizing layer in the peat. These results suggest NEP measurements have the potential to be used in remote sensing applications to estimate CH$ sb4$ flux from wetlands, but that their use may be restricted to inundated sites.
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Savage, Kathleen 1967. "Environmental controls on methane comsumption and carbon dioxide production in upland boreal forest soils, Thompson, Manitoba." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23424.
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CH$ sb4$ and CO$ sb2$ fluxes were measured in upland boreal forest soils, over the period May 16$ sp{ rm th}$ through Sept. 16$ sp{ rm th}$, 1994, among a variety of vegetation and drainage characteristics. Most upland soils consumed CH$ sb4$, (0.6 to $-$2.6 mg CH$ sb4$ m$ sp{-2}$ d$ sp{-1}$), and produced CO$ sb2$, (0.2 to 26.8 g CO$ sb2$ m$ sp{-2}$ d$ sp{-1}$). CH$ sb4$ consumption showed no seasonal trend, however CO$ sb2$ flux displayed an increasing rate until late August, after which flux rates began to decrease. Differences among the sites examined showed soil temperature and organic matter content to be the primary controls in predicting seasonal mean CH$ sb4$ flux rates. Similarly for CO$ sb2$ flux, soil temperature and C content proved to be the best predictors of seasonal mean differences among the range of sites examined.Sites could be divided into 2 categories, strong CH$ sb4$ consuming and CO$ sb2$ producing sites, Gillam Aspen, Gillam Pine, OBS Aspen, Burn Moss, Palsa Birch, and YJP Dry and weak CH$ sb4$ consuming and CO$ sb2$ producing sites, Gillam Spruce, OBS Spruce, YJP Wet, Burn Spruce and Palsa Moss. The strong flux sites all exhibited similar trends in soil characteristics as they were the warmest, driest sites with faster nutrient cycling processes and thin ($ sim$2 to 10 cm) organic layers. The weak flux sites were colder, wetter, with slower nutrient cycling, and a thick organic/peat layer ($ sim$20 to 50 cm). The primary visual distinction between these two groups was the presence of a Sphagnum sp. ground cover, which was characteristic of weak CH$ sb4$ consuming and CO$ sb2$ producing sites.
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Mair, Tiessen Melissa Shannon. "Collective control, cultural identity, and the psychological well-being of northern Manitoba Cree youth." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103270.
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Aboriginal youth well-being is an increasingly important topic. Research with mainstream populations highlights two keys to well-being, namely perceived personal control, and a clear sense of self-identity. However, despite relevance for Aboriginal groups, underappreciated to date is the potential role of perceived collective control, and clarity of collective identity, for well-being. Thus, the present program of research investigated the impact of collective control and identity on the well-being of Aboriginal youth. Residents of two Cree communities in northern Manitoba collaborated in the research. Based on community members' input on important community and youth issues, we developed two surveys on youth well-being, which were completed by students in grades 7 and up.The results of Study 1 indicated that greater perceived individual-level internal control was associated with greater psychological well-being. As well, investigating for the first time perceived group-level control and Aboriginal youth well-being, the results indicated that greater perceived group-level internal control was associated with greater well-being. However, the results additionally suggested an association between greater perceived external control (Others and Creator) and greater well-being. The effect of group-level internal control on well-being was mediated by individual-level internal control, but not moderated by strength of Native identity. Finally, the results suggested a significant relationship between greater strength of aspects of cultural identity and greater well-being.
Study 2 expanded upon these findings, employing revised measures to assess perceived control, identity clarity, and substance use. Similar to Study 1, the results of Study 2 indicated an association between greater perceived individual-level internal control and greater psychological well-being, as well as between individual-level others control and well-being. Additionally, multidimensional measures of control indicated an association between greater perceived individual-level control over drinking and decreased well-being. Furthermore, Study 2 indicated an association between greater perceived group-level internal control and greater psychological well-being. This relationship was partially mediated by individual-level internal control. Finally, the results suggested an association between greater strength of cultural identity and greater well-being.
Overall, the present program of research provides key preliminary support for a greater consideration of group-level factors in well-being, particularly in efforts to enhance and support Aboriginal youth well-being.
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Leventhal, Anna Rebecca. "From garbage to Garbage Hill : public culture, memory, and community access television in Winnipeg." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112503.
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VPW, a community-access television station in Winnipeg, Manitoba, hosted an array of programming ranging from the pragmatic to the truly bizarre, from 1971 until the station was bought out and dismantled in 2001. Grassroots media does not have the same institutional and archival frameworks as its mainstream counterpart; its losses often go unremarked, or must be reconstituted and memorialized in improvisational, provisional ways. In recent years, several Winnipeg artists have begun a kind of reclamation project around the station. This paper considers the various threads of nostalgia, political economy, and decline narratives at work in VPW's reclamation. It argues that thinking about why certain things are celebrated and others thrown away is itself a problem of aesthetics, politics, and publics. It examines why certain shows are remembered and others not, and the role of unanticipated uses of public infrastructure in such a dynamic.
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Swinney, Joan Ratzlaff. "Telling Stories (Out of School) of Mother Tongue, God's Tongue, and the Queen's Tongue: An Ethnography in Canada." PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1240.
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Histories give little attention to language dominance in school and community -- to the fact that the past one-hundred years of "One People, One Language, One School" attitudes, policies, and goals in Anglo-American schools and communities have brought with them the demise of Native-American languages, the disappearance of linguistic differences due to immigrant origin, the disvalue or stereotype of linguistic patterns derived from regional and ethnic variation, and the insistence on English as a mark of linguistic and intellectual virtue. Telling Stories (0ut of School) of Mother Tongue, God's Tongue, and the Queen's Tongue: An Ethnography in Canada gives attention to one such history. Told in Mennonite perspective and framed in Manitoba schools between 1890 and 1990, Telling Stories (Out of School) begins with tales of English-speaking Canadian insistence on and German-speaking Mennonite resistance to English-only language education policies in public and private schools serving a Mennonite speech community in southern Manitoba. The research problem links itself historically to a series of language education acts passed by the Manitoba Legislature, adjudicated by the Manitoba Attorney General, the Canadian Supreme Court, and the British Privy Council, and enforced by the Manitoba Department of Education -- all between 1890 and 1920. These English-only policies, deemed an expedient response to the question of how to unify English Canadians, French-Canadians, Aboriginals, and immigrants, abrogated the language education rights of all linguistic minorities. English prevailed in Manitoba schools until the 1960s. After the mid-1960s, though, the Canadian Parliament in concert with the Manitoba Legislature, the Manitoba Department of Education, and local public school districts re-affirmed Canada's English-French legacy as well as its multilingual, multicultural heritage with yet another series of language and language education acts -- the Canadian Official Languages Act of 1969, the Canadian Constitution Act of 1982, and the Canadian Multicultural Act of 1988. Today, the Canadian "Cultural Mosaic," or "Multiculturalism within a Bilingual Framework," dispels the "Melting Pot" myth borrowed from the United States at the turn of the century. And, the 1990 right to "language education choice" in Manitoba's system of public schools denies the 1890 rule of "One People, One Language, One School." To trace historical and recent developments in a Mennonite speech community associated with these policies, and subsequently with the contact of English, High German, and Low German” outside the classroom," the ethnographer -- an insider-outsider -- synthesizes the Hymes-type work in ethnographies of speaking and the Milroy-type work in language and social networks to examine the Ferguson-coined phenomenon of diglossia and the Fishman-extended relationship between societal diglossia and individual Bilingualism. Interviews with fifty-seven speakers, treated as a sequence of ethno-acts and ethno-events, are guided by the general question of sociolinguistic research -- who uses what language with whom, when, where, and why? Using Hymes mnemonic code of SPEAKING leads to the description of a shared history and a shared way of speaking as well as to insights into linguistic continuity, change, and compartmentalization. Telling Stories (Out of School) ends; with tales of an ethnic revival in Mennonite schools and community today -- with new voices speaking Low German High German, and English. While the present ethnography of a Mennonite speech community in Canada, framed in Manitoba schools between 1890 and 1990, should be regarded as impressionistic and preliminary, the fact remains -- language dominance does do something to the life of language in a community as does language education policy that attempts to "start where the child is ... linguisticallly."
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Holweger, Ute Elisabeth. "Greenspace enhancement in agro-Manitoba communities." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0010/MQ32132.pdf.
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Oswald, Barry Arnold. "A Manitoba regional perspective on wetlands." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0026/MQ51781.pdf.
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Peschken, Christine A. "Systemic lupus erythematosus in Manitoba Aboriginals." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0019/MQ55086.pdf.
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Becker, David A. "Manitoba's regional development corporations : lessons for locally-based rural development." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31228.
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Over the last century the Prairie region has undergone a transition from predominantly rural to predominantly urban settlement. By the early 1900s emphasis began to shift from rural-based primary activities to urban-based industrial activity. One product of this transition was the marginalization of rural communities.
An examination of literature pertinent to Canadian development policy reveals no single solution to rural decline. Instead there are numerous theories and recommendations which communities can adopt. One such strategy has been locally-based development. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to knowledge concerning what locally-based organizations can do to mitigate the impact of decline in rural communities. As a case study, Manitoba's Regional Development Corporations (RDCs) are analyzed within the context of the provincial government's overall approach for rural development in order to investigate their effectiveness in contributing to locally-based rural development. This effectiveness is measured in goals, strategies and processes of an RDC as they changed over three periods: (1) 1963/73, (2)1973/83, (3) 1983/90. In each period the following questions were asked:
1. What priorities or objectives were emphasized in provincial development policy?
2. What strategies were used by the province and RDCs to achieve rural development?
3. What role was established for locally-based participation?
Throughout the three study periods the province's regional policies remained based on laissez-faire economic principles, while the RDC approach was oriented to regional-national integration (i.e., merging of regional economic activity with national and international markets). The conclusion is that RDCs affected rural development by enhancing the abilities of local businesses participating in the provincial marketplace.
RDCs have concentrated on supporting a process for adapting to rural transition, rather than reversing forces impinging on rural communities. Lessons extended from the RDC study suggest that if efforts to enhance a rural area's competitive position in national or international markets become the principal objective for local development, the unique qualities associated with rural life may be difficult to maintain.Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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Wilson, Ian. "Derek Bedson, clerk of the Executive Council of Manitoba, 1958 to 1981." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62866.pdf.
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Gabor, T. Shane (Thomas Shane). "Nutrient addition experiments in the interlake region of Manitoba : effect of single pulse addition in spring." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59941.
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This study examined the responses of algae and invertebrates to a single application of nutrients in a series of experimental wetland enclosures in the Interlake Region of Manitoba during 1989 and 1990. Water, sediment and vegetation chemistry were also monitored. The 3 fertilization treatments were: dissolved inorganic high (6200 $ mu$g/l N, 420 $ mu$g/l P), dissolved inorganic low (3200 $ mu$g/l N, 210 $ mu$g/l P) and organic high (alfalfa: 6200 $ mu$g/l N, 420 $ mu$g/l P).Dissolved nutrients in the high and low treatments were quickly depleted from the system but dissolved N increased in the alfalfa treatment as decomposition progressed. No changes in sediment or vegetation chemistry were detected. Phytoplankton biomass increased in all the fertilized enclosures while epiphytic periphyton exhibited only minor responses. Epipelon biomass increased in the alfalfa treatment and metaphyton standing crops were extensive in the high treatment enclosures.
In the alfalfa treatment, high microbial respiration rapidly decreased dissolved oxygen concentrations which negatively affected invertebrates. This trend reversed as oxygen levels increased. Dominant nektonic and benthic herbivores-detritivores increased in the high and alfalfa treatment enclosures. Orthocladiinae emergence increased in the high and alfalfa treatments while Chironominae and Tanypodinae increased in the alfalfa treatment. Responses by algae and invertebrate communities to the fertilization treatments were minimal during 1990. Annual single pulse fertilization has the potential to increase the productivity of Interlake wetlands.
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Strain, Megan A. "Fabric sculpture and the Manitoba art curriculum." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31122.
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The purpose of this studio based thesis is to discover what potential fabrics could offer as a sculptural medium and to examine whether fabric sculpture could be incorporated into the Manitoba Secondary School Art Curriculum.
As an Art teacher, I am aware of the demands that the current art curriculum dictates, and the problems and concerns that art teachers face in trying to adhere to its standards. By reviewing the historical development of Manitoba art curricula and highlighting the major developments that have occurred, one can put the current guide into perspective.
Contemplating the role that fabrics have played as historical and cultural artifacts gives us a better sense of how fabrics have been developed to meet the specific requirements that we as human beings have demanded of them.
The sculptures that were produced for this study attempt to address the principal objectives of the current art curriculum and explore ideas and topics that reflect personal interests. I have endeavoured to create sculptures that not only stand as pieces of art, but which will also serve as examples to show art teachers how different fabrics and techniques can be used in senior high art classrooms.
To support my thesis that fabric sculpture should be included in our art programmes, I have provided short reviews on sculptors who have worked with fabrics. Wherever possible I have tried to indicate how my students have reacted to this work, and where information concerning these artists may be obtained.
I have included a sample unit that already exists in the current curriculum and discuss how fabric sculpture could be introduced though this unit.
The recommendations that conclude this report suggest ways to encourage the teaching of sculpture and the introduction of fabric sculpture into the Manitoba Secondary School Art Curriculum.Education, Faculty of
Graduate
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Wyman, Jeffrey M. "Craniometric relationships of aboriginal specimens from Manitoba." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ41633.pdf.
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Kreel, Darrell A. "The judicial reconstruction of wills in Manitoba." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0001/MQ45076.pdf.
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Al-Mouaiad, Al-Azem Assaad. "Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Manitoba, 1992-1997." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0002/MQ45018.pdf.
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Zhou, Xiaojing. "Odour emissions from swine operations in Manitoba." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62876.pdf.
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Thomson, Tamara-Jo. "Marketing opportunities for Manitoba feeder cattle producers." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0001/MQ41637.pdf.
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Lynch, Monica. "Values orientation of an environmental education centre : a case study." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21236.
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With ecological crises remaining at the forefront of public concern it is now more important than ever to develop connections between human beings and the natural world. Consequently, environmental education programs have included values in their objectives in an effort to stimulate appreciation for and dedication to maintaining the health of the planet.This case study examines the values and values education approaches implicit in the Fort Whyte Centre for Environmental Education in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Based on the theoretical framework of both values education and environmental education, analysis revealed that embedded in the program are the values of respect, appreciation and care-taking. Furthermore, it indicates that early childhood experiences in nature are integral in sustained dedication to the environment. Finally, it was apparent that ingrained in the strategies employed by the facility are elements of values education models.
Outlining values in program objectives ensures that these beliefs are a central focus of the lessons. Concurrently, teacher training programs must directly teach values education approaches with reference to environmental education. Ecological dilemmas are moral-ethical issues and must be dealt with as such. By neglecting to adequately prepare instructors to deal with these issues programs cannot achieve their objectives. Environmental value systems cannot be developed unless programs are specifically designed to achieve this goal.
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Lee, Eun Ju. "Importance of pollen rain in boreal Manitoba, Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq23625.pdf.
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Thiessen, Janis. "Friesens Corporation, printers in Mennonite Manitoba, 1951-1995." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23525.pdf.
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Richmond, Kelly-Anne. "Paleolimnological analysis of sediments from Killarney Lake, Manitoba." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23475.pdf.
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Jansen, Harold John. "The single transferable vote in Alberta and Manitoba." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/NQ29051.pdf.
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Comaskey, Brenda. "Subverting women, access to abortion services in Manitoba." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0001/MQ32079.pdf.
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Keszi, Joseph M. "Formulation of an ecotourism policy framework for Manitoba." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0003/MQ32152.pdf.
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Tannis, Tamara Rita. "Ecotourism in Churchill, Manitoba, principles, attitudes and opportunities." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0004/MQ45125.pdf.
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Smith, Pamela Joy. "Vitamin D deficiency in three northern Manitoba communities." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0025/NQ51667.pdf.
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Kroeker, Don. "Manitoba Mennonite archives and Canadian Mennonite collective memory." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ56132.pdf.
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Weiler, Tracey. "Limb girdle muscular dystrophy in unique Manitoba populations." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ62676.pdf.
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Bowen, Sarah J. "Resilience and health Salvadoran refugee women in Manitoba." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0013/MQ41681.pdf.
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Hackett, Christopher. "The Anglo-Protestant churches of Manitoba and the Manitoba School Question." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3548.
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The Manitoba School Question was one of the most contentious issues in the history of both Manitoba and Canada and it has received considerable attention from historians. However, there has been insufficient research into the climate of popular opinion in which decisions concerning the introduction of a national school system in Manitoba were made. This gap has had important consequences particularly in the long running controversy over the origins of the school question. This thesis attempted to remedy this neglect by examining the actions and attitudes of the three major Anglo-Protestant churches in Manitoba towards education and minority rights between 1870 and 1890. The clergy and laity of these churches wielded considerable influence in Manitoba society in general and over education in specific. The thesis focused on the three largest of these churches, the Presbyterian Church, the Methodist Church and the Church of England. In the past, these Protestant churches have been treated as homogeneous but the present work found that this assumption was inaccurate and potentially misleading. Each church emerged with its own distinct view on the role of religion in education and minority rights and on the policies of the Greenway Government. Despite the differences, common themes among the churches were identified which highlighted the changing attitudes towards religion and education in the Province between 1870 and 1890. The influx of Ontario clergy and laity had major repercussions for the churches as well as the society around them. For the churches, it meant that new policies were developed often at the expense of traditional perspectives, with secular concerns taking priority over theological issues. In general, attitudes toward education altered such that the importance of religious instruction in the public schools became secondary to the cultural assimilation of non-English minorities, particularly French Roman catholics. The thesis supports the contention of recent literature that the school question was part of a long term pattern of co-option of the social and public institutions of the province by the post-Confederation Ontario born Protestant elite rather than a brief period of demagogic anti-Catholicism. The success of the Protestant majority in passing legislation to adapt the schools to meet their own cultural agenda demonstrates the danger of a parliamentary majority when it is not bound by a strong constitution which recognizes individual and group rights.
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Dipple, Joseph. "Implications of hydroelectric partnerships in northern Manitoba: do partnership agreements provide social licence?" 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30696.
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Over the past century, Manitoba has promoted the construction of hydroelectric dams as a means of producing energy. These projects are produced on Indigenous territory and bring these communities into direct conflict with the province and Manitoba Hydro. Recently, Manitoba Hydro has promoted partnerships with affected First Nations. These partnerships provide communities the “opportunity” to purchase shares of the dams with the goal of gaining profits. Partnerships have been established for two projects as a means of suggesting social licence. Social licence is an informal licence provided by a community to show support and consent for a project in their area. A progressive definition of social licence is when communities provide “free, prior, and informed consent.” Partnership agreements in northern Manitoba do not provide social licence, as the communities involvement in the project, and the means by which the partnership is established do not provide “free, prior, and informed consent.”October 2015
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test, test. "My test Manitoba two." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4977.
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Hermanson, Glenn J. "D-cracking in Manitoba." 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/9420.
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Scurfield, Carol M. "Midwifery legislation in Manitoba." 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/12298.
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Valente-Esposito, Gildetta. "Nematophagous fungi of Manitoba." 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/7187.
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An investigation into the occurrence of nematophagous fungi in Manitoba showed that they are abundant and widespread. From 120 samples collected at 23 different sites, 106 isolations yielded 31 different species of nematode-destroying fungi. The various species were referrable to the subdivisions Zygomtycotina, Basidiomycotina, and Deuteromycotina, and comprised twenty-three predators, five endoparasites, and three members of the Agaricales. Sixteen species were new to Manitoba, and the lignicolous basidiomycetes Panus rudis Fr., Pleurotus elongatipes Pk., and Pluteus aurantiorugosus (Trog.) Sacc. were tested for nematophagous ability for the first time in Manitoba. The 31 species belonged to the following genera: Arthrobotrys Cda., Dactylaria Sacc., Dactylella Grove, Duddingtonia R.C. Cooke, Geniculifera Rifai, Monacrosporium Oudem., Harposporium Lodhe, Verticillium Nees, Stylopage Drechs., Nematoctonus Drechs., Panus Fr., Pleurotus (Fr.) kumm. and Pluteus Fr.
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Melvin, Lindsay M. K. "Small hydro in Manitoba." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3790.
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This thesis examines the feasibility of implementing small hydro as an alternative energy source in Manitoba. An alternative resource is sought to serve consumers in an environmentally and economically acceptable manner. Small hydro uses run-of-the-river concepts with kinetic turbine technologies; it does not allow water retention exceeding twenty four hours. This thesis examines small hydro according to the subjects of turbine technologies, flow management, site selection and economic analysis. Current reaction turbines and new off-the-shelf kinetic turbine designs may be used in conjunction with methodologies for increasing flow rates to produce a reasonable amount of power in an environmentally acceptable manner. Undeveloped small hydro sites exist in northern Manitoba where communities are currently served by costly diesel generation, and in more southern locations with transmission and road access. An economic analysis of small hydro requires a community survey, a cost-benefit analysis, and comparisons with other technologies. Conclusions indicate that small hydro is potentially viable in Manitoba and warrants a more detailed feasibility study.