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Journal articles on the topic 'Manipulators (Mechanism) – Optical equipment'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Ma, Chicheng, Dong Jing, Mingyu Shao, Hui Yu, and Zonghe Guo. "Dynamical analysis and control of rotatory manipulators with time varying mass loads." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 64, no. 1-4 (2020): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-209335.

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Manipulators are widely used in industrial fields as automation equipment and robotic structures. Besides moving objects, manipulators often work with variable payloads, and the residual vibration significantly affects the position accuracy of manipulators. This paper mainly investigates the dynamic characteristics of flexible manipulators with time varying mass payloads and active control of the residual vibration is carried out. Finite element method is utilized to construct the dynamical model, and responses of the system are calculated by Bathe’s method. The influence of the time varying m

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Loveikin, V. S., and D. A. Mischuk. "Synthesis of Optimal Dynamic Mode of Manipulator Boom Movement Mounted on Elastic Base." Science & Technique 18, no. 1 (2019): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2019-18-1-55-61.

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In order to increase reliability and accuracy of robot manipulators or other construction equipment used for lifting operations an optimum dynamic mode for moving its boom system has been calculated in the paper. Results of the research have made it possible to construct a mathematical model for manipulator movement and obtain kinematic characteristics of the optimum dynamic mode. While determining the optimum dynamic motion mode, a criterion action has been used as an optimization criterion which represents a time integral with an integrand function expressing a dynamic component of manipulat

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3

Yu, Guang, Jun Wu, Liping Wang, and Ying Gao. "Optimal Design of the Three-Degree-of-Freedom Parallel Manipulator in a Spray-Painting Equipment." Robotica 38, no. 6 (2019): 1064–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574719001255.

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SUMMARYSpray-painting equipments are important for the automatic spraying of long conical objects such as rocket fairing. This paper proposes a spray-painting equipment that consists of a feed worktable, a gantry frame and two serial–parallel mechanisms and investigates the optimal design of PRR–PRR parallel manipulator in serial–parallel mechanisms. Based on the kinematic model of the parallel manipulator, the conditioning performance, workspace and accuracy performance indices are defined. The dynamic model is derived using virtual work principle and dynamic evaluation index is defined. The

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Sapietová, Alžbeta, Milan Sága, Ivan Kuric, and Štefan Václav. "Application of optimization algorithms for robot systems designing." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 15, no. 1 (2018): 172988141775415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881417754152.

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The article presents the design and application of multi-software platform for solving kinematic synthesis of robot manipulator systems. It also presents a modern theoretical and application approach for modelling coupled mechanical systems, which include mobile robots. Due to high requirements for accuracy, efficiency, reliability and life cycle of technical equipment, several parameters ensuring optimal operating parameters need to be taken into account while dealing with the design. This is the reason for linking computational models to optimization algorithms that allows us to find the app

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Wang, Chuan Jiang, Hao Jiang, Zhi Xian Zhang, Xiu Juan Sun, and Hong Cheng Liang. "Optimal Design for Clasp Arm of Small-Caliber Deep Well Rescue Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (November 2012): 1254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.1254.

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In view of the backward present rescue technique for small-caliber deep well, a kind of multifunctional rescue robot is designed, which is composed of a manipulator, a rescue mechanism, an anchorage mechanism, and a set of oxygen supply equipment. Owing to the different postures of the fallen person, the clasp arm of rescue mechanism needs to adjust itself to obtain an ideal rescue orientation in the narrow deep well. Furthermore, the clasp arm bears much more weight when it clasp and fix the fallen person. So, the optimal design about the clasp arm is studied. Meanwhile, based on SolidWorks s

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Nakazawa, Masaru. "Special Issue on Handling of Flexible Object." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 10, no. 3 (1998): 167–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1998.p0167.

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It is difficult to introduce highly versatile automation using robots to handling deformable objects such as thread, cloth, wire, long beams, and thin plates in plant production processes, compared to the handling of rigid objects. Office equipment handles deformable objects such as paper and plastic. Problems unique to these objects is caused by speeding up such equipment and demand for upgrading its accuracy. In agriculture and medical care, automatic, intelligent handling of deformable objects such as fruit and animals has long been desired and practical systems sought. Deformable objects w

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Loveikin, V. S., and O. O. Spodoba. "Experimental research of modes of movement of manipulator crane with load at combination of movements." Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 11, no. 3 (2020): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machenergy2020.03.005.

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In order to increase the productivity and reliability of a hydraulic-powered loader crane, according to the normative-technical documentation regulating the safe operation of multi-link cranes, it is allowed to combine movements with the simultaneous movement of several links of the boom system. As a result, the paper considers a technique for conducting experimental studies in the plane of changing the boom system of a loader crane with a load. Experimental studies were carried out under the condition of simultaneous angular movement of the jib and a decrease in the linear movement of the tel

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Chen, Wen Jia, Yan Zhong He, and Jiang Zhang. "A Four Degrees of Freedom Parallel Manipulator for Machining." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 2168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.2168.

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In the past decades, a number of parallel manipulators have been extensively studied. However, most efforts are dedicated to six degrees of freedom (DOF) or three-DOF manipulators. There is a need for equipment providing more than three DOF's arranged in parallel and based on simpler arrangements than six-DOF arrangements in application. This paper presents a novel four-DOF parallel platform manipulator with base mounted prismatic actuators. The manipulator is driven by four linear actuators. The movable platform of the manipulator can translate along two directions and rotate around two axes

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Платонова, Marina Platonova, Платонов, Aleksey Platonov, Драпалюк, and Mikhail Drapalyuk. "Basic results of research of kinematics and dynamics little links of the mechanism of forest machines." Forestry Engineering Journal 5, no. 4 (2015): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/17424.

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Currently, the traffic safety on the railways remains a topical problem of removing unwanted trees and shrubs in the right of way of railways. To improve the efficiency removal of unwanted shoots and branches and stumps, reducing the share of manual labor and facilitation of staff by the authors in 2015 were investigated little links resources saving compact means of mechanization, allowing their use in hard to reach places. These means of mechanization considered in combination with modern the vehicles, which can provide them with the necessary energy, both on the railroad track, and away fro

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Popikov, P., Irina Chetverikova, and Aleksandr Chernykh. "INCREASING THE TECHNICAL LEVEL OF HYDRAULIC MANIPULATORS OF AUTOCOLLIMATIONAL." Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice 8, no. 1 (2020): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2020-8-1-129-134.

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The main requirements for hydraulic equipment of forest transport machines of manipulator type are revealed. It is established that the main drawback of the used hydraulic drives of manipulators is their increased power and high energy consumption. The main ways of increasing the technical level of hydraulic manipulators of forest transport vehicles are considered. The constructive optimization and improvement of the hydraulic drive mechanism for lifting the boom and turning the column of the manipulator is justified. New designs with the use of hydro-mechanical dampers and energy-saving devic

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11

Zhu, Chunxia, Jay Katupitiya, and Jing Wang. "Effect of links deformation on motion precision of parallel manipulator based on flexible dynamics." Industrial Robot: An International Journal 44, no. 6 (2017): 776–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-12-2016-0368.

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Purpose Manipulator motion accuracy is a fundamental requirement for precision manufacturing equipment. Light weight manipulators in high speed motions are vulnerable to deformations. The purpose of this work is to analyze the effect of link deformation on the motion precision of parallel manipulators. Design/methodology/approach The flexible dynamics model of the links is first established by applying the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and the assumed modal method. The rigid-flexible coupling equations of the parallel mechanism are further derived by using the Lagrange multiplier approach. The e

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Yamashina, Hajime, Susumu Okumura, Kazuya Hosoe, and Kenjiro Okamura. "Development of non-contact monitoring equipment for detecting tool failures by optical measurement including auto-focusing mechanism." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 55, no. 8 (1989): 1403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.55.1403.

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Посметьев, Viktor Posmetev, Канищев, et al. "Modeling workflows of energy-saving hydraulic drive of technological equipment of timber-hauling machine." Forestry Engineering Journal 5, no. 1 (2015): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11280.

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Workflow mechanisms of forestry cranes tower rotation are accompanied by large dynamic loads that cause sudden changes in fluid pressure in balancing and braking modes. When the rotary column stops at different positions damping of pressure of the working fluid vibration occurs due to its overflow from one chamber to another through an orifice, wherein the hydraulic energy is transformed into heat one, resulting in overheating and energy loss of fluid. Efficient are energy-saving hydropneumatic drives of column of the manipulator which are able to recover energy during transient conditions and

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Ivanova, Natalia. "Biomimetic optics: liquid-based optical elements imitating the eye functionality." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no. 2167 (2020): 20190442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0442.

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The optical systems mimicking the eye functions are of great importance in various applications including consumer electronics, medical equipment, machine vision systems and robotics. This optics offers advantages over traditional optical technologies such as the superior adaptation to changing conditions and the comprehensive range of functional characteristics at miniature sizes. This paper presents a review on the recent progress in the development of human eye-inspired optical systems. Liquid-based and elastomer-based tunable optical elements are discussed with the focus on the actuation m

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Kozhevnikov, D. A., R. V. Fiodоrtsev, and A. R. Silie. "Synthetic Aperture Orbital Telescope for Earth Remote Sensing Equipment." Devices and Methods of Measurements 9, no. 4 (2018): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2220-9506-2018-9-4-280-287.

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The object of the research is the development of the method of aperture synthesis of a mirror system designed for remote sensing of the Earth.The analysis of existing methods for the formation of the synthesized aperture was carried out, their accuracy, cost, and mass-dimensional characteristics were evaluated. A new version of the optical system of the synthetic aperture mirror lens is presented and its optimization is performed in the Zemax software package. An estimate of the accuracy of the designed system has been made; a design variant has been developed that includes a transformation me

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Chen, Qing Hua, Yan Mei Li, Ying Jun Chen, and Wen Gang Wu. "Development of MEMS VOA with only One Shutter for Dual Signals Simultaneous Operation." Advanced Materials Research 709 (June 2013): 481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.709.481.

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A MEMS variable optical attenuator (VOA) with only one shutter for dual signals simultaneous operation is designed for advanced tuning functions. Theoretical electro-mechanism model has also been developed to provide optimization for the VOA design. In experiment, the fabricated VOA device has demonstrated a over 40-dB attenuation range with respect to the driving voltage of one shutter, and it has also realized low polarization-dependent performance. The superior specifications make this device very promising for optical network systems and laboratory equipment.

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Hsieh, Ming-Chu, and Zhen-Hong Khong. "Design and analysis for manipulator fixture applications." MATEC Web of Conferences 185 (2018): 00031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818500031.

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The manipulators arms are the most important components in automatic machinery and equipment. These arms must conform to product requirements and match important accessory devices such as clamping jaw so that the entire process operates properly. Therefore the most important issue is that the manipulator arm has only one clamping jaw, followed by other issues such as welding and related features. In this research the manipulator arm of automated machinery with attached equipment was optimized, and the design serves as an object of study for multifunctional applications. This research emphasize

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18

Piao, Chunde, Jun Yuan, Dangliang Wang, and Pengtao Li. "A Study on Distribution Measurement and Mechanism of Deformation due to Water Loss of Overburden Layer in Vertical Shaft." Journal of Sensors 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/531428.

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Based on FBG fiber Bragg grating technology and BOTDA distributed optical fiber sensing technology, this study uses fine sand to simulate overburden layer in vertical shaft model equipment. It studies the placing technique and test method for optical fiber sensors in the overburden layer, combined with MODFLOW software to simulate the change of the water head value when the overburden layer is losing water, and obtains the deformation features of overburden layer. The results show, at the beginning of water loss, the vertical deformation increases due to larger hydraulic pressure drop, while t

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Zhou, Yu Tong, Jiong Geng Wang, Hong Ye Zheng, Jie Zi Hu, Jie Zhang, and Jia Yuan Hu. "Corrosion Mechanism Analysis of a 20^# Carbon Steel Lightning Rod on a Substation." Key Engineering Materials 730 (February 2017): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.730.81.

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A lightning rod on a coastal substation cracked, so the related equipment is forced to be shut down. Optical microscope, spectrometer, SEM, EDS and ion chromatograph were adopted to analyze the corrosion mechanism. Results show that the lightning rod is corroded severely. The material of this lightning rod is 20# carbon steel. The corroded part and the uncorroded part are divided into two layers. Nodulizing of pearlites is evident in the microstructure of corroded area. Both of EDS and ion chromatograph detect high concentration of chloride ion and sulfate ion from the corrosion products. In t

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Maruyama, Takahiro. "Elucidation of carbon nanotube formation mechanism by operand EXAFS measurement." Impact 2020, no. 1 (2020): 68–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2020.1.68.

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Nanomaterials are the up-and-coming players in materials science and increasingly found in everyday products such as energy devices, photocatalyst and sporting equipment. They are also predicted to play a major future role in electronics and microfabrication fields. The term nanomaterials usually describe materials of which a single unit ranges in size from 1 to 100 nanometres (nm). A specific nanomaterial called a carbon nanotube is exactly this, a tube made of carbon with a diameter measurable in nanometres. While carbon nanotubes can be further segregated into further subtypes with varying

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Selin, V. A., A. A. Emelyanov, O. S. Sizov, K. S. Emelyanov, and A. V. Borisov. "Evaluation of functional expectations of thematic consumers from optical space remote sensing systems of medium resolution." Исследования Земли из Космоса, no. 5 (November 5, 2019): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0205-96142019589-98.

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According to the results of direct interaction with various groups of consumers, it was established that the structure of requirements in all thematic areas at the present time comes to the fore geographic coverage, regularity and frequency of shooting. The second priority is to ensure the quality of the spectroradiometric characteristics in the context of their absolute performance and stability in the time series of the entire archive of the survey with the ability to provide data in physical quantities of reflectivity, or spectral brightness of the reflected radiation / brightness temperatu

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Yao, Jun Ping, and Sun Zhong. "Research on the Alkali Corrosion Resistance Mechanism of Ni-Cr-Cu Alloy Cast Iron." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 1298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.1298.

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In allusion to facility corrosion problem in caustic soda industry five types of ni-Cr-cu alloy cast irons were developed. The corrosion rates of ni-Cr-cu alloy cast irons in hot concentrated alkali solution were measured by using self-made dynamic corrosion experiment equipment; the microstructures and surface corrosion morphology of alloy cast irons were observed by means of the optical microscope and SEM; the composition was analyzed using XES. Corrosion resistance mechanism were discussed detailedly. the experimental results showed that ni-Cr-cu cast iron was uniform corrosion macroscopica

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Kartashov, S. G., and E. M. Klychev. "Method for preparation of feed drug mixtures with anthelmintics." Russian Journal of Parasitology 12, no. 1 (2018): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2018-12-1-70-75.

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The purpose of the research: to develop an innovative method for simultaneous single-stage preparation of feed drug mixtures and a technological scheme for implementation of this method. Materials and methods. The innovative method of simultaneous single-stage preparation of feed drug mixtures from filling compound (grinded grain forage) containing anthelmintics is developed. Technical means used for implementation of this method include a loading track, robotic discharger, mobile dosage device, robotic depanner, blender and a mixer. The work cycle begins when the robotic depanner is switched

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Maneski, Taško, and Biserka Nestorović. "Validation numerical modeling with 3D optical measurement of deformations of foldable plastic packaging buckling failure." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 3, no. 3 (2011): 152–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1102152m.

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This paper describes the numerical and experimental methodology for analysis of plastic packaging buckling characteristics that are representative of its strength in the real life. The experiments were executed with 'GOM' equipment and 'ARAMIS' software application for modern optical 3D measurement of deformations. Numerical analysis was conducted by the application of finite elements using 'KOMIPS' software. The fundamental question to be answered is related to the mechanism of failure of foldable packaging - does the buckling precede plasticity or vice versa? This article will show how exper

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Berkelman, P., P. Cinquin, E. Boidard, J. Troccaz, C. Létoublon, and J.-M. Ayoubi. "Design, control and testing of a novel compact laparoscopic endoscope manipulator." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 217, no. 4 (2003): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095965180321700409.

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This paper describes the development of a compact laparoscopic endoscope manipulator and its command interface for use as a surgical assistant during minimally invasive surgery. The defining feature of the endoscope manipulator is that it is sufficiently small and lightweight to be fixed directly on the abdomen of the patient. The mechanism of the manipulator controls the orientation of the endoscope and its insertion depth. It is actuated by cables inside flexible sleeves connected to a separate enclosure containing analogue controllers, servomotors and rack-and-pinion drives. Compared with f

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Rząsa, Mariusz R. "Comparison of selected theoretical models of bubble formation and experimental results." Archives of Thermodynamics 35, no. 2 (2014): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoter-2014-0011.

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Abstract Designers of all types of equipment applied in oxygenation and aeration need to get to know the mechanism behind the gas bubble formation. This paper presents a measurement method used for determination of parameters of bubbles forming at jet attachment from which the bubles are displaced upward. The measuring system is based on an optical tomograph containing five projections. An image from the tomograph contains shapes of the forming bubbles and determine their volumes and formation rate. Additionally, this paper presents selected theoretical models known from literature. The measur

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Nazari, Marziyeh, Abbas Amini, Nathan T. Eden, Mikel C. Duke, Chun Cheng, and Matthew R. Hill. "Highly-Efficient Sulfonated UiO-66(Zr) Optical Fiber for Rapid Detection of Trace Levels of Pb2+." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11 (2021): 6053. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22116053.

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Lead detection for biological environments, aqueous resources, and medicinal compounds, rely mainly on either utilizing bulky lab equipment such as ICP-OES or ready-made sensors, which are based on colorimetry with some limitations including selectivity and low interference. Remote, rapid and efficient detection of heavy metals in aqueous solutions at ppm and sub-ppm levels have faced significant challenges that requires novel compounds with such ability. Here, a UiO-66(Zr) metal-organic framework (MOF) functionalized with SO3H group (SO3H-UiO-66(Zr)) is deposited on the end-face of an optical

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Abdelrhman, Yasser, Ahmed Abouel-Kasem, Karam Emara, and Shemy Ahmed. "The effect of boronizing heat treatment on the slurry erosion of AISI 5117." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 70, no. 7 (2018): 1176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-01-2017-0009.

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PurposeThis paper aims to clarify the relationship between the slurry erosion and one of the case hardening treatments, i.e. boronizing in this study, for AISI-5117 steel alloy. AISI-5117 steel alloy was used because of its variety applications in the field of submarine equipment. Most of the slurry erosion factors such as velocity, impact angle and mechanism of erosion were studied at different impact angles.Design/methodology/approachAt first, the samples were prepared and subjected to the boronizing treatment in controlled atmosphere. By using a slurry erosion test-rig, all experiments for

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Yang, Huiping, Dingbo Chen, Yuliang Mao, and Junbo Yang. "Tunable Broadband THz Waveband Absorbers Based On Graphene for Digital Coding." Nanomaterials 10, no. 9 (2020): 1844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10091844.

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A method of coding patterns is proposed to achieve flexible control of absorption response at terahertz frequencies. The designed absorber consists of an Au-graphene pattern layer, a SiO2 layer and a metal reflective layer. Among them, we use concentrical circle structure to achieve broadband absorption, and adjust graphene’s Fermi level to achieve tunable absorption. In addition, we propose an encoding method that can achieve flexible control of the absorption response at the terahertz frequency based on the external voltage applied on the graphene membrane, thereby having a programmable func

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Gao, Bo, and Minglong Xu. "Measurement of frequency characteristics of disturbance torque in the process of satellite antenna rotation." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 64, no. 1-4 (2020): 1563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-209478.

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As an important equipment for satellite signal reception and transmission, the satellite antenna needs to be rotated in real time to achieve real-time tracking of the target and complete signal transmission during applications. Antenna driving mechanism is generally composed of motor and other components, which will cause some structural vibration during rotation. For high-stability satellite applications, the vibration disturbance torque is a major factor affecting the satellite stability. In order to study characteristics of the disturbance torque, the disturbance data from the antenna under

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Muralikrishna, Kondaveeti, ShafiShahsavar Mirza, and Satbir Singh Dhula. "A New MIM Directional Coupler With Twin Bands for Photonic ICs." International Journal of Electronics, Communications, and Measurement Engineering 9, no. 2 (2020): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijecme.2020070103.

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For processing of desired information, the present-day electronic equipment is rapidly approaching their ultimate speed and bandwidth constraints, which is an ever more serious problem that prevents their persistent use in applications. It is believed that a promising solution is to fabricate electronic and photonic elements on a single chip. This mechanism provides a larger bandwidth that is used to construct new hybrid electronic photonic devices. In this paper the numerical analysis and design of metal-insulator-metal plasmonic directional coupler are presented. In dual optical bands, this

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Du, Zhang, and Zhang. "Effect of Heat Treatment on the Cavitation Erosion Performance of WC–12Co Coatings." Coatings 9, no. 10 (2019): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9100690.

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WC–12Co coatings were deposited on 16Cr5Ni stainless steel substrate by high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) process, followed by a one-hour heat-treatment in a tube furnace with a nitrogen atmosphere at 650, 800, 950, and 1100 °C, respectively. The influence of heat-treatment temperature on properties and cavitation erosion resistance of as-sprayed and heat-treated WC–12Co coatings was studied. The cavitation erosion test was carried out with ultrasonic cavitation erosion equipment. The porosity, microhardness, phase composition, as well as surface and cross-section morphology of the coatings wer

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Ding, Wen-Hua, Xiao-Peng Xie, PAN-Feng Zhang, and Lei Han. "A Novel Tension Control System of Square Lithium Battery Laminated Machine." Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 13, no. 1 (2020): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096512666190411112015.

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Background: To the problem that the traditional square laminated machine with passive unwinding control strategy makes the tape speed periodical changing in reciprocating motion and not achieve a good tension control, a novel unwinding system and control algorithm are presented to improve the efficiency and quality of such equipment. Methods: Compared with the traditional passive unwinding control system, the novel tension control system adds an active compliance mechanism. After obtaining the motion relationship between the compliance device and the laminated motion platform through building

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Mocák, Ján, Michal Németh, Mieczyslaw Lapkowski, and Jerzy W. Strojek. "Spectrocoulometry – a new spectro-electrochemical technique." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 52, no. 6 (1987): 1386–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19871386.

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A spectrocoulometric macrocell with a direct-view optical probe was designed and constructed, where the optical signal is transferred by light-conducting glass or quartz fibres permitting to work at wavelengths above 410 or 300 nm. The method of measurement on the proposed equipment is described; it was tested in the study of the mechanism and kinetics of oxidation of Fe(bipy)32+ ions (bipy = 2,2'-bipyridyl) with the use of potentiostatic coulometric electrolysis with open-circuit relaxation at a suitable time. The primary product of electrolysis, Fe(bipy)33+, undergoes a follow-up hydrolytic

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Zhang, Rui Bin, Yi Ping Huang, Hai Lang Liu, and Zhi Guo Peng. "Irradiation Damage of Electron-Beam on High-Power AlInGaP Red LED." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 1297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.1297.

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In this paper, experimental results and Monte Carlo simulation methods used to study irradiation damage of Electron-beam on high-power AlInGaP red LED. The electron beam range and distribution of energy loss in the LED chip are analyzed by CASINO program in detail, the high-power AlInGaP red LED is irradiated by different energy and dose of electron beam irradiation produced by the low energy electron beam irradiation equipment. We contrast the optical parameter of the irradiated LED with the unirradiated LED. The experimental result is analyzed and discussed by the mechanism of electron beam

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Wang, Yanxia, and Xingcang Zhai. "Comparison and Analysis of Electronic Voltage Transformer Based on Voltage Detection." Electronics Science Technology and Application 2 (December 4, 2015): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/esta.v2i1.10.

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The electronic voltage Transformer (EVT) constitutes key equipment in the intelligent substation; during the half-a-century development, numerous categories have emerged. By analysis and comparison of the working mechanisms and features of various electronic voltage transformers, we have concluded the strengths and defects in various mechanisms and impact factors on the features of voltage transformer and raised specific measures to reduce the impact and problems found in the design. The findings have revealed that ECVT is the mainstream product in the electronic voltage transformer market but

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Raven, Sara, Emel Cevik, and Michael Model. "Assessing the Effectiveness of a Novel Microscopy Technique in Middle & High School Science Classrooms." American Biology Teacher 82, no. 7 (2020): 463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2020.82.7.463.

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Although research and new technologies have introduced different ways of observing microorganisms, including scanning and electron microscopy, these methods are expensive and require equipment that is typically not found in a middle school classroom. The transmission-through-dye technique (TTD; Gregg et al., 2010), a new optical microscopy method that can be used with current basic light microscopes, relies on the fairly simple mechanism of filtered light passing through a dyed medium to produce an image that reflects cell thickness. With this technique, living microorganisms look bright red a

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Huang, Po-Wei, Hsin-Shu Peng, and Wei-Huang Choong. "Mold-Face Heating Mechanism, Overflow-Well Design, and Their Effect on Surface Weldline and Tensile Strength of Long-Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Injection Molding." Polymers 12, no. 11 (2020): 2474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112474.

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Long-fiber polymers offer the advantage of a lower production cost because specific tool designs are required for conventional injection molding equipment to produce long-fiber polymer parts. The use of long fibers allows relatively high fiber aspect ratios to be obtained, thereby enhancing composite stiffness, strength, creep endurance, and fatigue endurance. However, the multigate design of the injection-molded part can result in weldline formation during the molding process, which reduces the structural strength of the molded part. Therefore, in this study, the surface quality, fiber compat

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Kozeruk, A. S., Y. L. Malpica, M. I. Filonova, V. I. Shamkalovich, and R. O. Dias Gonzalez. "MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF OPERATIONAL ZONE FOR TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT USED FOR DOUBLE-SIDED PROCESSING OF LENSES." Science & Technique 17, no. 3 (2018): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-3-204-210.

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A mathematical modeling of geometric and kinematic relations has been made in respect of an operational zone for one of the standard machine tool sections which is used for simultaneous double-sided abrasive processing of highly-accurate lenses with a small rigidity (with a thin centre) under free lapping conditions. An analytical expression has been obtained for calculation of a sliding velocity in an arbitrarily selected point either on a surface to be processed or on a processing surface. As the proposed technology for simultaneous double-sided processing presupposes oscillatory motion of o

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Ren, Bin, Xurong Luo, and Jiayu Chen. "Single Leg Gait Tracking of Lower Limb Exoskeleton Based on Adaptive Iterative Learning Control." Applied Sciences 9, no. 11 (2019): 2251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9112251.

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The lower limb exoskeleton is a wearable human–robot interactive equipment, which is tied to human legs and moves synchronously with the human gait. Gait tracking accuracy greatly affects the performance and safety of the lower limb exoskeletons. As the human–robot coupling systems are usually nonlinear and generate unpredictive errors, a conventional iterative controller is regarded as not suitable for safe implementation. Therefore, this study proposed an adaptive control mechanism based on the iterative learning model to track the single leg gait for lower limb exoskeleton control. To asses

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Ma, Chao-Tsung, Cheng-Ling Lee, and Yan-Wun You. "Design and Implementation of a Novel Measuring Scheme for Fiber Interferometer Based Sensors." Sensors 19, no. 19 (2019): 4080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194080.

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This paper presents a novel measuring scheme for fiber interferometer (FI) based sensors. With the advantages of being small sizes, having high sensitivity, a simple structure, good durability, being easy to integrate fiber optic communication and having immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI), FI based sensing devices are suitable for monitoring remote system states or variations in physical parameters. However, the sensing mechanism for the interference spectrum shift of FI based sensors requires expensive equipment, such as a broadband light source (BLS) and an optical spectrum analy

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Wang, Hui, Lei Liang, Xiongbing Zhou, and Bin Tu. "New Fiber Bragg Grating Three-Dimensional Accelerometer Based on Composite Flexure Hinges." Sensors 21, no. 14 (2021): 4715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144715.

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Multi-dimensional acceleration sensors are used in important applications in the aerospace, weapon equipment, and nuclear fields and have strict requirements in terms of performance, volume, and mass. Fiber Bragg grating acceleration sensors use optical wavelength signals as a medium for information transmission to effectively eliminate the influence of electromagnetic interference between multi-dimensional sensors. In this study, we designed a composite flexure hinge three-dimensional acceleration sensor. To this end, we investigated the coupling mechanism between a new integrated elastomer s

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Ali, Burhan, and Mike Marshall. "Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) for FOPLP with Simultaneous Die Placement Metrology." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2019, no. 1 (2019): 000203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4505-2019.1.000203.

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Abstract As the final step of IC fabrication, packaging is the process to encapsulate the chip and provide the interconnections for the I/O of the final form factor. The demand for increasingly higher I/O density, shrinking device size and lower cost that drive wafer processing also apply to the packaging process. Various technologies have been developed in order to achieve these goals with most of them being wafer-level packaging (WLP). Unlike traditional packaging process, most I/O interconnections are done at the wafer-level with redistribution layers (RDLs). RDLs are the layer where copper

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Amaki, Keisuke, Yukio Maeda, Tomohiro Iida, et al. "Influence of Scratch Marks on Undeformed Chip Thickness in Ultra-Precision Cutting of Al-Mg Alloys." Key Engineering Materials 749 (August 2017): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.749.27.

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Recently, high efficiency and performance have become necessary attributes of information equipment such as laser printers. Thus, demand has increased for optical scanning parts that reduce optical aberration, scatter, and diffraction are required in laser printers. Polygon mirrors are manufactured by polishing a plating or glassy material to a mirror finish. In this study, we shortened the manufacturing process to improve the productivity and ultra-precision cutting technology of polygon mirrors made of aluminum. Thus, we had to reduce the geometric surface roughness achieved by mirror-cuttin

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You, Chen, Hao Ran Zheng, Dan Dan Jin, Lei Wang, Meng Meng Wang, and Min Fang Chen. "Influence of HA and Environmental Factors to the Damping Performance of HA/Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr Composites." Materials Science Forum 849 (March 2016): 416–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.849.416.

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Vibration and noise are the dangers for equipment, human health and environment. Developing of a new Mg matrix composite with high damping performance and high strength rate has been acknowledged as an important approach for the reduction of vibrations and prevention of noise. In this paper, xHA/Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr (x=0.5wt.%, 1wt.%, 1.5wt.%) composites were prepared by vacuum induction melting and hot extruding. The microstructure and damping performance were observed and measured using an optical microscope and a dynamic thermomechanical analysis apparatus (DMA), respectively. The influence of HA a

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Ikawati, Ratna, Widy Wibisono, Mulia F. Nasution, and Ade Y. Prasetya. "EARLY WARNING TERHADAP INSIDEN KEBAKARAN PADA OVER LAND BELT CONVEYOR PABRIK SEMEN MENGGUNAKAN LINEAR HEAT DETECTION SYSTEM." JURNAL EKONOMI BISNIS DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN 9, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47942/iab.v9i1.641.

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The cement market is increasingly competitive with the rise of imported cement, which of course must be answered by cement producers among competition. One of the main processes that should not be disturbed is the supply of limestone from quarry to the factory. The safety of people, processes and equipment are certainly necessity for the production process to run smoothly. The problem that can occur in limestone supply is a breakdown on the Overland Belt Conveyor (OLBC) which is caused by a broken roller and causes the belt to tear and potentially fire. For this reason, prevention efforts need

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Choi, Ahnryul, Hyunwoo Jung, Hyunggun Kim, and Joung Hwan Mun. "Predicting Center of Gravity Displacement During Walking Using a Single Inertial Sensor and Deep Learning Technique." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 10, no. 6 (2020): 1436–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2020.3067.

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Center of gravity (CG) trajectory during walking has been used as an important indicator to understand the mechanism of pathological walking. Kinematic method using optical motion analysis system and force plate method using ground reaction force are conventionally used to calculate CG trajectory during gait. However, there is a limitation in that expensive experimental equipment is needed to measure it. The purpose of this study was to develop a long short-term memory (LSTM) network model that could estimate the CG trajectory during gait based on a low-cost portable inertial sensor signal. Tw

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Lin, Xiu Zhou, Min Hao Zhu, Zhen Bing Cai, J. F. Zheng, and Jin Fang Peng. "Microstructure and Reciprocating Sliding Tribological Performance of Micro-Arc Oxidation Coating Prepared on Al-Si Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 1518–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.1518.

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Micro-arc oxidation coatings were prepared on Al-Si alloys surface by using a self-made micro-arc oxidation equipment. Its characterizations were systematically detected by Vickers hardness tester, profilometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Reciprocating sliding tribological tests without lubricant of the micro-arc oxidation coating and its substrate alloy have been carried out under normal load of 5 N and displacement amplitudes of 2 mm. Dynamic analyses in combination with mi

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Jo, Euije, Dongwan Kim, and Jae-Young Leem. "Facile Synthesis of ZnO Thin Films at Low Temperatures Using an Additive-Free Electrochemical Oxidation Method." Korean Journal of Metals and Materials 58, no. 9 (2020): 645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3365/kjmm.2020.58.9.645.

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Because of their simplicity and low equipment costs, various oxidation methods can be used to create metal oxides, but they still require long processing times and/or high temperatures. In this study, a new electrochemical oxidation (ECO) method, which oxidizes metal in DI water with a constant flowing current to both the cathode and anode, was developed to overcome the disadvantages of conventional oxidation methods. The mechanism of the ECO method is discussed. Metallic Zn films were oxidized by the ECO method in DI water for 1 h. The DI water temperature was varied from 30 to 90 <sup>

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Kudryavtsev, A. S., and K. A. Okhapkin. "Effect of long-term thermal aging in heat exchange equipment of fast neutron switchgears on the structure and properties of austenitic chromium-nickel steel." Izvestiya Visshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Chernaya Metallurgiya = Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 61, no. 11 (2018): 907–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2018-11-907-913.

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The influence of long-term operation at 515 °C on structure and properties of 09Cr18Ni9 steel was investigated. Structure and phase composition were obtained using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The phase composition of the steel in equilibrium state was determined by thermodynamic modeling in the software package Fact-Sage. As a result of the study, it was found that during the operation at 515 °C with a duration of 195,000 h, the structure changes occurred in the 09Cr18Ni9 steel with the formation of secondary phases, initiated by the release of elements with limited solubility fr

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