Journal articles: 'Manipulation of ground'

1

Nguyen, Vinh, Oksana Solenaya, and Petr Smirnov. "Issues of physical interaction of unmanned aircraft manipulators with ground objects." MATEC Web of Conferences 161 (2018): 03021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816103021.

Full text

Abstract:

Adding an onboard manipulation system to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) significantly complicates framework, functioning algorithms, and leads to an increase in overall dimensions. The physical interaction of the manipulator with objects influences to unstabilization of UAV, which in turn leads to difficulties in positioning the UAV and reduces the accuracy of gripper motion. In addition, the physical interaction of the manipulator with objects requires increased power resources of UAVs. The article analyzes modern research of UAVs with a manipulator, including flight control problems, avoidance of contact with the earth, surrounding space, as well as manipulations with the captured object. On the basis of the analysis, a list of new problems arising in the physical interaction of UAVs with objects through an embedded manipulator is formulated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Yoneda, Kan, and Shigeo Hirose. "Three-Dimensional Stability Criterion of Integrated Locomotion and Manipulation." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 9, no. 4 (August 20, 1997): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1997.p0267.

Full text

Abstract:

This article discusses judging robot stability in manipulation and locomotion. The conventional relationship between center-of-gravity projection points and grounding points is easy to use but gives no consideration to counterforce manipulation. Theoretically, the ZMP concept of standard dynamic stability can handle counterforce manipulation, but moments considered are limited to two-dimensional planes, making it applicable only to flat land or areas which have two or more ground points at the same height and therefore not applicable to ordinary uneven land. We propose a ""tumble stability"" concept that deals with three-dimensional stability, taking into consideration tumble directions when grounding points, other than a certain pair, disappear virtually. If any such ground points can generate support for controlling tumbling, the locomotive mechanism would not tumble. If no such single grounding point can generate support for curbing tumbling, then the mechanism would tumble in a way similar to reality. Given this, stability during manipulation can be judged by handling counterforce manipulation as external, for flat land and for manipulation in three-dimensional uneven contours, walls, and ceilings. We introduces the counterforce manipulation limit concept as an index for indicating manipulability. This is the limit of counterforce against which manipulation can be stably effected and an effective method for raising manipulative capability may be to take grounding points opposed to manipulation at far areas.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Kamitani, Takafumi, and Nobuhiro Kaneko. "The Earthtron facility for below-ground manipulation study." Ecological Research 21, no. 3 (December 8, 2005): 483–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11284-005-0139-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Xiao, Ruihan, Xiuling Man, Beixing Duan, and Tijiu Cai. "Short-Term Litter Manipulations have Strong Impact on Soil Nitrogen Dynamics in Larix gmelinii Forest of Northeast China." Forests 11, no. 11 (November 16, 2020): 1205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11111205.

Full text

Abstract:

Changes in above-ground litterfall can influence below-ground biogeochemical processes in forests, which substantially impacts soil nitrogen (N) and nutrient cycling. However, how these soil processes respond to the litter manipulation is complex and poorly understood, especially in the N-limiting boreal forest. We aimed to examine how soil N dynamics respond to litter manipulations in a boreal larch forest. A litter manipulation experiment including control, litter exclusion, and litter addition was performed in the Larix gmelinii forest on the north of the Daxing’an Mountains in China. Monthly soil inorganic N, microbial biomass and the rate of net N mineralization in both 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm layers, and N2O flux were analyzed from May 2018 to October 2018. In 0–20 cm soil layer the average soil inorganic N contents, microbial biomass N (MBN) contents, the rate of net N mineralization (Rmin), and the soil N2O emission in the litter addition plot were approximately 40.58%, 54.16%, 128.57%, and 38.52% greater, respectively than those in the control. While litter exclusion reduced those indexes about 29.04%, 19.84%, 80.98%, and 31.45%, respectively. Compared with the dynamics of the 10–20 cm soil layer, the N dynamics in 0–10 cm soil were more sensitive to litter manipulation. Rmin and N2O emissions were significantly correlated with MBN in most cases. Our results highlight the short-term effects of litter manipulations on soil N dynamics, which suggests that the influence of litter on soil N process should be considered in the future defoliation management of the boreal larch forest.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Michalski, Fernanda, and Darren Norris. "Artificial nest predation rates vary depending on visibility in the eastern Brazilian Amazon." Acta Amazonica 44, no. 3 (September 2014): 393–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201302553.

Full text

Abstract:

Observational and experimental studies have shown that increased concealment of bird nests reduces nest predation rates. The objective of the present study was to evaluate differences in predation rates between two experimental manipulations of artificial ground nests (i.e., clearing an area around the artificial nest or leaving it as natural as possible), and test whether environmental variables also affected nest predation in an undisturbed area of Amazonian forest in eastern Brazil. A generalized linear model was used to examine the influence of five variables (manipulation type, perpendicular distance from the main trail, total basal area of trees surrounding the nest site, understorey density, and liana quantity) on nest predation rates. Model results, showed that manipulation type was the only variable that significantly affected nest predation rates. Thus, to avoid systematic biases, the influence of nest site manipulation must be taken into consideration when conducting experiments with artificial nests.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Co, Thomas C., Constantinos Zagaris, and Jonathan T. Black. "Responsive Satellites Through Ground Track Manipulation Using Existing Technology." Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets 50, no. 1 (January 2013): 206–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.a32263.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Gedeon, Csongor István, Gábor Boross, András Németh, and Vilmos Altbäcker. "Release site manipulation to favour European ground squirrel Spermophilus citellus translocations: translocation and habitat manipulation." Wildlife Biology 18, no. 1 (March 2012): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2981/10-124.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Strutynskyi, Serhii, and Roman Semenchuk. "Investigation of the accuracy of the manipulator of the robotic complex constructed on the basis of cycloidal transmission." Technology audit and production reserves 4, no. 1(60) (July 27, 2021): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.237326.

Full text

Abstract:

The object of research is modern robotic systems used in hotspots. In their arsenal, such mobile works are equipped with manipulators with high-precision hinges, which provide accurate positioning of the gripper (object of manipulation). Considering ground-based robotic complexes with a wheel or caterpillar base, the implementation of the process of manipulation on a stationary basis, a number of problem areas were identified that affect the accuracy of positioning. In the course of research and analysis of modern robotic complexes, their circuit and design of components and mechanisms that provide the necessary qualities and parameters. The problem of developing high-precision hinges is central to the creation of efficient ground-based robotic systems. The methodology of kinematic research of rotary hinges of the manipulator for the ground robotic complex is stated. The analysis of influence of deformations of material of impellers of not involute transfer on accuracy of positioning of a final subject is carried out. A kinetostatic analysis of the manipulator circuit was performed and the maximum moments acting in the hinged units on the drive unit were determined, which allowed to make a quantitative assessment using the Solidworks software package. The mathematical model of construction of transfer and definition of accuracy of a rotary knot for a ground robotic complex, with use of cycloidal transfer without intermediate rolling bodies is investigated and developed. Mathematical modeling and taking into account the features of mechanical processes occurring in the manipulator, allows to increase the technical level of robotic complexes. Ways of improvement are defined for maintenance of a progressive design of the manipulator that not only will satisfy necessary technical characteristics, but also will allow to simplify manufacturing technology. Modern technologies and materials (stereolithography, carbon fiber, superhard materials) make it possible to implement advanced designs of spatial drive systems. Therefore, work in this direction is relevant, as robotic mechanical complexes for special purposes are widely used when performing work in emergencies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Mulović, Amra. "Manipulacija u političkom diskursu / Manipulation In Political Discourse." Context: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, no. 1 (March 21, 2022): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.55425/23036966.2016.3.1.41.

Full text

Abstract:

Manipulation is a kind of speech activity which has definite intentions and aims, such as gaining control and power within political discourse. This paper will shed light on the theoretical ground on which this phenomenon is based to determine how language is utilized for manipulation. The analysis aims to investigate manipulative strategies and the language devices used in generating these strategies in al-Gaddafi s speech known as Zenga. Also, it will pay more attention to strategy of polarisation, i.e. basic strategy of positive self-presentation and negative other-presentation. This paper will be limited to lexical-semantic devices (selection of negative words for them and positive words for us), certain grammatical mechanisms (passive, nominalisation) and rhetorical devices (metaphor, metonymy, hyperbole). The study shows the diversity of modes of how language of the speech is manipulated on diffe ent levels of discourse.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Castaman, Nicola, Elisa Tosello, Morris Antonello, Nicola Bagarello, Silvia Gandin, Marco Carraro, Matteo Munaro, et al. "RUR53: an unmanned ground vehicle for navigation, recognition, and manipulation." Advanced Robotics 35, no. 1 (November 3, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01691864.2020.1833752.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

BERMAN, G. P., A. R. BISHOP, F. BORGONOVI, and V. I. TSIFRINOVICH. "CONTROLLABLE ADIABATIC MANIPULATION OF THE QUBIT STATE." International Journal of Quantum Information 05, no. 05 (October 2007): 667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749907003110.

Full text

Abstract:

We propose a scheme which implements a controllable change of the state of the target spin qubit in such a way that both the control and the target spin qubits remain in their ground states. The interaction between the two spins is mediated by an auxiliary spin, which can transfer to its excited state. Our scheme suggests a possible relationship between the gate and adiabatic quantum computation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Hill, Cherice N., M’Lindsey Romero, Mark Rogers, Robin M. Queen, and Per Gunnar Brolinson. "Effect of osteopathic manipulation on gait asymmetry." Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 122, no. 2 (November 18, 2021): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jom-2021-0046.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Context Movement and loading asymmetry are associated with an increased risk of musculoskeletal injury, disease progression, and suboptimal recovery. Osteopathic structural screening can be utilized to determine areas of somatic dysfunction that could contribute to movement and loading asymmetry. Osteopathic manipulation treatments (OMTs) targeting identified somatic dysfunctions can correct structural asymmetries and malalignment, restoring the ability for proper compensation of stresses throughout the body. Little is currently known about the ability for OMTs to reduce gait asymmetries, thereby reducing the risk of injury, accelerated disease progression, and suboptimal recovery. Objectives To demonstrate whether osteopathic screening and treatment could alter movement and loading asymmetry during treadmill walking. Methods Forty-two healthy adults (20 males, 22 females) between the ages of 18 and 35 were recruited for this prospective intervention. Standardized osteopathic screening exams were completed by a single physician for each participant, and osteopathic manipulation was performed targeting somatic dysfunctions identified in the screening exam. Three-dimensional (3-D) biomechanical assessments, including the collection of motion capture and force plate data, were performed prior to and following osteopathic manipulation to quantify gait mechanics. Motion capture and loading data were processed utilizing Qualisys Track Manager and Visual 3D software, respectively. Asymmetry in the following temporal, kinetic, and kinematic measures was quantified utilizing a limb symmetry index (LSI): peak vertical ground reaction force, the impulse of the vertical ground reaction force, peak knee flexion angle, step length, stride length, and stance time. A 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance model was utilized to evaluate the effects of time (pre/post manipulation) and sex (male/female) on each measure of gait asymmetry. Results Gait asymmetry in the peak vertical ground reaction force (−0.6%, p=0.025) and the impulse of the vertical ground reaction force (−0.3%, p=0.026) was reduced in males following osteopathic manipulation. There was no difference in gait asymmetry between time points in females. Osteopathic manipulation did not impact asymmetry in peak knee flexion angle, step length, stride length, or stance time. Among the participants, 59.5% (25) followed the common compensatory pattern, whereas 40.5% (17) followed the uncommon compensatory pattern. One third (33.3%, 14) of the participants showed decompensation at the occipitoatlantal (OA) junction, whereas 26.2% (11), one third (33.3%, 14), and 26.2% (11) showed decompensation at the cervicothoracic (CT), thoracolumbar (TL), and lumbosacral (LS) junctions, respectively. Somatic dysfunction at the sacrum, L5, right innominate, and left innominate occurred in 88.1% (37), 69.0% (29), 97.6% (41), and 97.6% (41) of the participants, respectively. Conclusions Correcting somatic dysfunction can influence gait asymmetry in males; the sex-specificity of the observed effects of osteopathic manipulation on gait asymmetry is worthy of further investigation. Osteopathic structural examinations and treatment of somatic dysfunctions may improve gait symmetry even in asymptomatic individuals. These findings encourage larger-scale investigations on the use of OMT to optimize gait, prevent injury and the progression of disease, and aid in recovery after surgery.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Fryz, S. P., О. V. Kalvatynskyi, and R. О. Avsiievych. "THE MODEL OF SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING THE TYPE OF PHASE MANIPULATION AND SYMBOL RATE IN THE RADIO LINES OF SPACE SYSTEMS." Проблеми створення, випробування, застосування та експлуатації складних інформаційних систем, no. 18 (December 30, 2020): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.46972/2076-1546.2020.18.01.

Full text

Abstract:

The article proposes a model of a universal automated system for determining the type of phase manipulation and symbol rate for receiving the flow of data by ground-based means transmitted in the radio lines of low-orbit space systems under a partial prior uncertainty. The relevance of the study on the selected topic is that in the last decade there has been noted a significant increase in the number of space systems operating in low-Earth orbits. The afore-mentioned fact leads to an increase in the variety of radio line structures of space systems, which creates a partial prior uncertainty in relation to the parameters of radio signals transmitted by these systems. At the same time, the operation of space systems in low-Earth orbits imposes restrictions on the duration of the communication session, which makes it difficult to set up the ground-based demodulating equipment under conditions of a partial prior uncertainty of the radio signal parameters. Considering the above, the article presents a possible option for designing a structure chart of a universal automated system for determining the type of phase manipulation and symbol rate. The principle of system operation is described and its operability is substantiated by mathematical modelling processes. The considered model of the universal automated system for determining the type of phase manipulation and symbol rate enables to determine the nominal value of the central carrier frequency of the radio signal, radio spectrum width, symbol rate and one of three types of phase manipulation (BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK) in the time operation mode close to real one. By the results of calculations being made, it is established that the system under study can be used while receiving data from space systems operating in low-Earth orbits. Also, the proposed system can be applied to determine the basic parameters of radio signals and other systems that use radio lines with phase manipulation. Further research on the selected topic will be aimed at studying the possibility of expanding the number of types of manipulations that can be automatically determined by the proposed system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Silver, Anita, Sean Perez, Melanie Gee, Bethany Xu, Shreeya Garg, Kipling Will, and Aman Gill. "Persistence of the ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) microbiome to diet manipulation." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): e0241529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241529.

Full text

Abstract:

Host-associated microbiomes can play important roles in the ecology and evolution of their insect hosts, but bacterial diversity in many insect groups remains poorly understood. Here we examine the relationship between host environment, host traits, and microbial diversity in three species in the ground beetle family (Coleoptera: Carabidae), a group of roughly 40,000 species that synthesize a wide diversity of defensive compounds. This study used 16S amplicon sequencing to profile three species that are phylogenetically distantly related, trophically distinct, and whose defensive chemical secretions differ: Anisodactylus similis LeConte, 1851, Pterostichus serripes (LeConte, 1875), and Brachinus elongatulus Chaudoir, 1876. Wild-caught beetles were compared to individuals maintained in the lab for two weeks on carnivorous, herbivorous, or starvation diets (n = 3 beetles for each species-diet combination). Metagenomic samples from two highly active tissue types—guts, and pygidial gland secretory cells (which produce defensive compounds)—were processed and sequenced separately from those of the remaining body. Bacterial composition and diversity of these ground beetles were largely resilient to controlled changes to host diet. Different tissues within the same beetle harbor unique microbial communities, and secretory cells in particular were remarkably similar across species. We also found that these three carabid species have patterns of microbial diversity similar to those previously found in carabid beetles. These results provide a baseline for future studies of the role of microbes in the diversification of carabids.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Wang Xiaochen, 王晓晨, 蒋小军 Jiang Xiaojun, 赵子豪 Zhao Zihao, 李博 Li Bo, 李萌 Li Meng, 李晓林 Li Xiaolin, and 钱军 Qian Jun. "Two-Photon Coherent Manipulation of Hyperfine Ground States in Rubidium Vapor." Acta Optica Sinica 38, no. 10 (2018): 1002001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos201838.1002001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Deans, I. A., R. S. Morley, and A. F. Howland. "A computer program for ground investigation data storage, manipulation and presentation." Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 25, no. 4 (November 1992): 269–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.qjeg.1992.025.04.02.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

SAGISAKA, Keisuke, and Daisuke FUJITA. "Phase Manipulation on Si(100) Surfaces and their Ground State Structure." Hyomen Kagaku 26, no. 6 (2005): 306–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.26.306.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Rohde, H., S. T. Gulde, C. F. Roos, P. A. Barton, D. Leibfried, J. Eschner, F. Schmidt-Kaler, and R. Blatt. "Sympathetic ground-state cooling and coherent manipulation with two-ion crystals." Journal of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics 3, no. 1 (January 25, 2001): S34—S41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1464-4266/3/1/357.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Zimmermann, Michael, Thomas Norbert Gerhard Meier, Florian Dirnberger, Attila Kákay, Martin Decker, Sebastian Wintz, Simone Finizio, et al. "Origin and Manipulation of Stable Vortex Ground States in Permalloy Nanotubes." Nano Letters 18, no. 5 (April 5, 2018): 2828–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b05222.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Barela, Ana Maria F., Gabriela L. Gama, and Melissa L. Celestino. "Constraint manipulation as a feasible strategy for gait alteration and intervention: a scoping review." Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior 15, no. 5 (December 1, 2021): 416–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20338/bjmb.v15i5.263.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, we describe general information regarding the use of the partial body weight support (BWS) paradigm as a strategy to manipulate constraints during walking by individuals with and without gait impairments. We present two overground BWS systems implemented by our research group and the main studies that have been conducted so far. Non-disabled young adults, individuals with stroke, and children with cerebral palsy were considered in our investigations. Gait assessment with different amounts of body weight unloading on both the treadmill and the ground, as well as gait training protocols with BWS on these surfaces, were conducted, and general results are reported. Based on our investigations, we suggest that the use of a BWS system on a treadmill and on the ground, as a strategy for manipulating constraints, enables individuals with gait impairment to walk. More importantly, professionals in the field of gait rehabilitation can carry out training protocols throughout the manipulation of implements that assist walking, such as using a harness connected to a structure.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

CAO, WEN-ZHEN, LI-JIE TIAN, HUI-JUAN JIANG, and CHONG LI. "SINGLE QUBIT MANIPULATION IN HETERONUCLEAR DIATOMIC MOLECULAR SYSTEM." International Journal of Quantum Information 06, no. 06 (December 2008): 1223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749908004390.

Full text

Abstract:

We propose a scenario to realize quantum computers utilizing heteronuclear diatomic rovibrational states as qubits. We focused on rovibrational qubits created by simple transform limited infrared laser pulse instead of using chirped pulse. Numerical calculations show that single qubit gate operation in the electronic ground state of LiH molecule can be obtained. We also discuss the effect of temperature on the initially rotational states, and a suitable experiment condition is indicated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Zhirkov, Aleksandr, Petr Permyakov, Zhi Wen, and Anatolii Kirillin. "Influence of Rainfall Changes on the Temperature Regime of Permafrost in Central Yakutia." Land 10, no. 11 (November 11, 2021): 1230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10111230.

Full text

Abstract:

Climate change effects, such as melting of glaciers and sea ice in response to rising temperatures, may lead to an increase in global water availability and thus in precipitation. In Central Yakutia, as one of the possible options for climate change, an increase in rainfall is possible, which makes up more than 60% of the annual precipitation. Rainfall is a highly variable meteorological parameter both spatially and temporally. In order to assess its effect on the ground temperature regime in Central Yakutia, we conducted manipulation and numerical experiments with increased rainfall. The manipulation experiment results suggest that a significant (three-fold) increase in rainfall can lower the mean annual ground temperatures locally. The long-term simulation predicts that a 50% increase in rainfall would have a warming effect on the ground thermal regime on a regional scale. For Central Yakutia, infiltration of increased precipitation has been shown to have both warming and cooling effect depending on the area affected.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Liu, Houde, Bin Liang, Wenfu Xu, Zhang Di, and Xueqian Wang. "A Ground Experiment System of a Free-Floating Robot for Fine Manipulation." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 9, no. 5 (November 2012): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/53230.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Stribersky, Anton, and Michael W. Sayers. "APPLICATIONS OF SYMBOLIC MANIPULATION FOR INVESTIGATING THE NONLINEAR DYNAMICS OF GROUND VEHICLES." Vehicle System Dynamics 20, sup1 (January 1992): 608–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00423119208969426.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Kadmiry, Bourhane, Chee Kit Wong, and Patrick P. K. Lim. "Vision-based approach for the localisation and manipulation of ground-based crop." International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology 50, no. 1/2 (2014): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcat.2014.063909.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Estrada, Matthew A., Stefano Mintchev, David L. Christensen, Mark R. Cutkosky, and Dario Floreano. "Forceful manipulation with micro air vehicles." Science Robotics 3, no. 23 (October 24, 2018): eaau6903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.aau6903.

Full text

Abstract:

Micro air vehicles (MAVs) are finding use across an expanding range of applications. However, when interacting with the environment, they are limited by the maximum thrust they can produce. Here, we describe FlyCroTugs, a class of robots that adds to the mobility of MAVs the capability of forceful tugging up to 40 times their mass while adhering to a surface. This class of MAVs, which finds inspiration in the prey transportation strategy of wasps, exploits controllable adhesion or microspines to firmly adhere to the ground and then uses a winch to pull heavy objects. The combination of flight and adhesion for tugging creates a class of 100-gram multimodal MAVs that can rapidly traverse cluttered three-dimensional terrain and exert forces that affect human-scale environments. We discuss the energetics and scalability of this approach and demonstrate it for lifting a sensor into a partially collapsed building. We also demonstrate a team of two FlyCroTugs equipped with specialized end effectors for rotating a lever handle and opening a heavy door.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Xiao, C., I. A. Janssens, Y. Zhou, J. Su, Y. Liang, and B. Guenet. "Strong stoichiometric resilience after litter manipulation experiments; a case study in a Chinese grassland." Biogeosciences 12, no. 3 (February 9, 2015): 757–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-757-2015.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Global climate change has generally modified net primary production (NPP) which leads to increasing litter inputs in some ecosystems. Therefore, assessing the impacts of increasing litter inputs on soil nutrients, plant growth and ecological carbon (C) : nitrogen (N) : phosphorus (P) stoichiometry is critical for an understanding of C, N and P cycling and their feedback processes to climate change. In this study, we added plant above-ground litter, harvested near the experimental plots, to the 10–20 cm subsoil layer of a steppe community at rates equivalent to annual litter input of 0, 15, 30, 60 and 120%, respectively, covering the entire range of the expected NPP increases in this region due to climate change (10–60%). We measured the resulting C, N and P content of different pools (above- and below-ground plant biomass, litter, microbial biomass). Small litter additions, which are more plausible compared to the expected increase predicted by Earth system models, had no effect on the variables examined. Nevertheless, high litter addition (120% of the annual litter inputs) significantly increased soil inorganic N and available P, above-ground biomass, below-ground biomass and litter. Our results suggest that while very high litter addition can strongly affect C : N : P stoichiometry, the grassland studied here is resilient to more plausible inputs in terms of stoichiometric functioning.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Dixon, Sharon J., and David G. Kerwin. "The Influence of Heal Lift Manipulation on Sagittal Plane Kinematics in Running." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 15, no. 2 (May 1999): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.15.2.139.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study sagittal plane joint angles of the lower extremity were used to obtain an indication of the influence of heel lift manipulation on Achilles tendon strain in running. The influence of increased heel lift on lower extremity kinematics was investigated for 8 heel striking subjects. With increased heel lift, all subjects demonstrated reductions in peak ankle dorsi-flexion and consistent values of peak knee flexion, indicating that there were reductions in peak Achilles tendon strain. Group analysis demonstrated that the reductions in peak ankle angle were statistically significant (p < .01). Typically, subjects also demonstrated adjustments in initial ankle angle, whereby the amount of ankle dorsi-flexion at initial ground contact was reduced with increased heel lift. Group mean data indicated that a 15-mm heel lift resulted in a mean decrease in initial ankle dorsi-flexion of 3.9°, while peak ankle dorsi-flexion was also reduced by 3.9°. It is suggested that the initial ankle angle adjustment acted to maintain a similar range of ankle joint movement in the period from initial ground contact to peak ankle dorsi-flexion across heel lift conditions. The distinct behavior of one subject, who demonstrated an increased ankle dorsi-flexion at ground impact, has highlighted the importance of considering single subject results in studies of footwear variation in running.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Dash, Sasmita, Christos Liaskos, Ian F. Akyildiz, and Andreas Pitsillides. "Graphene Hypersurface for Manipulation of THz Waves." Materials Science Forum 1009 (August 2020): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1009.63.

Full text

Abstract:

In this work, we investigated graphene hypersurface (HSF) for the manipulation of THz waves. The graphene HSF structure is consists of a periodic array of graphene unit cells deposited on silicon substrate and terminated by a metallic ground plane. The performance of the proposed HSF is numerically analyzed. Electromagnetic parameters of HSF such as permeability, permittivity, and impedance are studied. The proposed graphene HSF has active control over absorption, reflection, and transmission of THz waves. The graphene HSF provides perfect absorption, zero reflection and zero transmission at resonance. Moreover, the graphene HSF structure has the advantage of anomalous reflection and frequency reconfiguration. Incident waves can be reflected in the desired direction, depending on the phase gradient of the HSF and the perfect absorption is maintained at all reconfigurable frequencies upon reconfiguration. The results reveal the effectiveness of the graphene HSF for the manipulation of THz waves.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Abo-Shanab, R. F., and N. Sepehri. "On dynamic stability of manipulators mounted on mobile platforms." Robotica 19, no. 4 (July 2001): 439–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574701003356.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents the development of a model which can adequately simulate the dynamic stability of manipulators mounted on moveable platforms. The model takes into account the dynamics of the base that can potentially rock back-and-forth. Particularly, the model predicts the changes in the velocities of the manipulator links and the base due to impact with the ground. The application of the study is directed at industrial machines that carry human-operated hydraulic manipulators. The model is therefore used to simulate for the first time, planar movements of'a Caterpillar 215B excavator-based log-loader. The results clearly show the effect of the manipulator movement on turning the base over. The results also show that by proper manipulation of the arms, one can achieve a stable condition and even reverse the ‘tipover' situation in such machines.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Lester, Rebecca J. "Ground zero: Ontology, recognition, and the elusiveness of care in American eating disorders treatment." Transcultural Psychiatry 55, no. 4 (October 24, 2016): 516–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461516674874.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper reflects upon questions of ontological contingency when the stark, visceral reality of a person’s relentless self-destruction unfolds within institutional mechanisms that systematically withhold certain kinds of care. I consider these issues through the lens of “manipulation” as it is elaborated within an American eating disorders treatment center, where the notion of manipulation does particular kinds of affective and pragmatic work. Specifically, it serves to render clients as, paradoxically, both hyper-agentic and “agentically challenged” in ways that legitimate the withholding of their recognition as full subjects and therefore deserving of care. I propose that the ontological perspectives of the treatment center are ill-equipped for accounting for such dynamics and, in fact, carry certain risks when employed in the consideration of psychiatric conditions where they can even become coopted in unintended ways. This carries special importance when working with people whose ontological status is, in a very real (and not just theoretical) sense, teetering on the brink of the void.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Kamel, Amna S., and Ali S. Jalal. "RECONFIGURABLE MONOPOLE ANTENNA DESIGN BASED ON FRACTAL STRUCTURE FOR 5G APPLICATIONS." Iraqi Journal of Information and Communications Technology 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31987/ijict.1.1.159.

Full text

Abstract:

a reconfigurable antenna design for 5G applications is presented. It is based on monopole antenna and fractal structure. The design structure is consisted of (monopole) feedline, ground plane, L-shape reflector, fractal structure and PIN diodes. The antenna is printed on (25×29×1.6 mm3) FR-4 substrate of εr=4.3 and tanδ =0.001. The antenna shows a resonant frequency at 4.1 GHz with S11=-11.4 dB and Omni-direction pattern of 1.21 dB gain. The L-shaped reflector is used to maintain the radiation pattern in a specific direction. Moreover, the proposed fractal structure is found to operate as a circuit to give another resonant frequency and enhance the antenna performance. Where it is used to give more manipulation in the antenna performance including: frequency resonance and radiation patterns. The PIN-diodes are used to give many cases for more current manipulation. moreover, the authors used RF (50 SMA port) between monopole antenna and right side of ground plane to optimize directing radiation pattern and to eliminate the problems of interference between AC and DC current that produced from using PIN diode. This manipulation leads to change the resonant frequency and radiation pattern to the desired direction.So all parts are printed on a single side of FR4 substrate

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Manzano, C., W. H. Soe, M. Hliwa, M. Grisolia, H. S. Wong, and C. Joachim. "Manipulation of a single molecule ground state by means of gold atom contacts." Chemical Physics Letters 587 (November 2013): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2013.09.039.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Kanehama, M., Y. Hirata, Z. Wang, and K. Kosuge. "2A1-C02 Mine Detection System Based on Ground Hook Manipulation of Sensor Head." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2006 (2006): _2A1—C02_1—_2A1—C02_2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2006._2a1-c02_1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Hare, J. F., and J. O. Murie. "Manipulation of Litter Size Reveals No Cost of Reproduction in Columbian Ground Squirrels." Journal of Mammalogy 73, no. 2 (May 26, 1992): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1382083.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Kaghazgaran, Parisa, Majid Alfifi, and James Caverlee. "TOmCAT: Target-Oriented Crowd Review Attacks and Countermeasures." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 13 (July 6, 2019): 302–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v13i01.3231.

Full text

Abstract:

Online platforms like Amazon, Yelp, and Regulations.gov give a voice to masses of users through reviews, comments, and ratings. However, this crowd-based feedback is susceptible to manipulation. To tackle this problem, most previous efforts have only indirectly sought to uncover targets of attacks by focusing on manipulation at the review or user level. Instead, this paper focuses on the challenge of countering target-oriented crowd attacks. We introduce a unique ground truth dataset of Amazon products that have been targeted for attack and identify two target-oriented attack patterns: (i) promotion attacks and (ii) restoration attacks. With these attacks in mind, we propose the TOmCAT detection framework based only on the timing and sequencing of product ratings. Although TOmCAT succeeds in uncovering targets of manipulation with high accuracy by addressing existing attacks, strategic attackers potentially can create hard-todetect behavioral patterns by undermining timing-based footprints. Hence, we further propose a complementary approach to TOmCAT called TOmCATSeq which is resistant against strategic manipulation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Peimani, Hooman. "X. Growing Tension and the Threat of War in the Southern Caspian Sea: The Unsettled Division Dispute and Regional Rivalry." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 2, no. 3 (2003): 575–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156915003322986406.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe absence of an acceptable legal regime for the division of the Caspian Sea among its five littoral states has created grounds for conflicts, crises, and wars in the Caspian region, a situation worsened since 2001 when Iran, Azerbaijan, and Turkmenistan found each other on a collision course over the ownership of certain offshore oilfields. The region has since been heading towards militarization, while the persistence of conflicts over the Caspian Sea's division has prepared the ground for military conflicts. Fear of lagging behind in an arms and the manipulation of conflicts by the United States and Turkey have further encouraged militarization. Against this background, certain factors, including Turkey's efforts to deny Iran political and economic gains in the Caspian region, the growing American military presence in Eurasia, and the expanding American-Azeri military ties since 11 September 2001 will likely contribute to the creation of a suitable ground for a military conflict in the Caspian region.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Alexeyev, Alexander B. "Hate speech and manipulation as peculiarities of the modern political communication." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Sociology. Politology 21, no. 4 (November 22, 2021): 457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1818-9601-2021-21-4-457-463.

Full text

Abstract:

In the modern world the so-called hate speech is gaining ground. It is particularly used within the framework of the political communication. This process is accompanied by the strengthening of the manipulative influence upon the society and it can be seen as one of its manifestations. Hate speech may precede serious social upheavals and revolutions but it can also be used as a method of enslavement of man by the all-powerful state creating the illusory enemies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Strazzeri, Fabio, and Carme Torras. "Topological representation of cloth state for robot manipulation." Autonomous Robots 45, no. 5 (June 2021): 737–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10514-021-09968-7.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractForty years ago the notion of configuration space (C-space) revolutionised robot motion planning for rigid and articulated objects. Despite great progress, handling deformable materials has remained elusive because of their infinite-dimensional shape-state space. Finding low-complexity representations has become a pressing research goal. This work tries to make a tiny step in this direction by proposing a state representation for textiles relying on the C-space of some distinctive points. A stratification of the configuration space for n points in the cloth is derived from that of the flag manifold, and topological techniques to determine adjacencies in manipulation-centred state graphs are developed. Their algorithmic implementation permits obtaining cloth state–space representations of different granularities and tailored to particular purposes. An example of their usage to distinguish between cloth states having different manipulation affordances is provided. Suggestions on how the proposed state graphs can serve as a common ground to link the perception, planning and manipulation of textiles are also made.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Liu, Ping, and Huiying Liu. "Pragmatic manipulation of metapragmatic expressions in BELF meetings." Applied Pragmatics 4, no. 1 (February 9, 2022): 92–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ap.19014.liu.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This article explores the function of metapragmatic expressions (MPEs) as pragmatic manipulation during Business English as a lingua franca (BELF) meetings within the framework of the socio-cognitive approach (SCA), with special attention to how MPEs in the chair’s utterances reveal their way of using institutional power to accomplish communicative tasks. Drawing on data from three BELF meetings from the Vienna-Oxford International Corpus of English, four types of MPEs are identified in the chair’s utterances. Their pragmatic manipulation is examined in three dimensions: information-oriented, procedure-oriented, and interpersonal relationship-oriented. Data analysis reveals that MPEs are intended to activate shared senses (e.g., shared experiences, mutual knowledge, and common interests) and current senses (e.g., personal judgments, evaluations, and opinions). The activation of these senses supports the creation of emergent common ground to control and shape ongoing interactions, which leads towards task accomplishment. The findings shed light on English language teaching and professional training.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Byrom, Andrea E., Tim J. Karels, Charles J. Krebs, and Rudy Boonstra. "Experimental manipulation of predation and food supply of arctic ground squirrels in the boreal forest." Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, no. 8 (August 1, 2000): 1309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-055.

Full text

Abstract:

We examined whether arctic ground squirrel (Spermophilus parryii plesius) populations in northern boreal forest in the Yukon Territory, Canada, were limited by food, predators, or a combination of both, during the decline and low phases of a snowshoe hare cycle. From 1990 to 1995, populations were monitored in large-scale (1 km2) experimental manipulations. Squirrels were studied on eight 9-ha grids: four unmanipulated control grids, two food-supplemented grids, a predator-exclosure grid, and a predator-exclosure + food-supplemented grid. Population density was measured on all grids by livetrapping and active-season survival was measured using radiotelemetry. Population densities were lowest in 1992 and 1993 (2 years after the snowshoe hare population decline). Rates of population change were negative from 1991 to 1993, when predation pressure was most intense after the snowshoe hare decline, and positive from 1993 to 1995, when hares and predators were at low densities. Predation accounted for 125 of 130 mortalities (96%) of radio-collared squirrels. Adult survival was significantly lower in 1992 and 1993 than in 1994 and 1995, and was a strong predictor of annual rates of population change in arctic ground squirrels. Treatments were ranked as follows in their effect on adult survival: predator exclosure + food-supplemented > food-supplemented > predator exclosure > controls. Juvenile survival was lowest in 1992, and food addition and predator removal separately increased juvenile survival. On average, predator exclusion increased population densities twofold, food supplementation increased densities fourfold, and food supplementation and predator removal together increased densities 10-fold. We conclude that food and predation interact to limit arctic ground squirrel populations in the boreal forest during the decline and low phases of the snowshoe hare cycle. The snowshoe hare cycle may indirectly create a lagged secondary fluctuation in arctic ground squirrel populations through shared cyclic predators.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Slutski, Leonid. "Online Telecontrol Techniques Based on Object Parameter Adjusting." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 6, no. 3 (June 1997): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.1997.6.3.255.

Full text

Abstract:

An approach to telerobotic system organization with manipulator variable parameters is developed. It is intended for solution of manipulation problems when fast transportation operations are combined with high-precision positioning operations. Based on previous research, manipulator gain was chosen as a means for system quality control. It was proposed that the human operator should personally adjust the robot parameters in compliance with situation requirements. Besides such direct parameter adjustment, another implementation of this concept based on indirect adjustment (such as by analog circuit) was also developed. An additional channel of parameter control was introduced into the system in these cases. A new hand-controller design and a method for synthesis of such system algorithms were also developed. The ground has thus been laid for the kinematic coordinate-parameter control for the main regimes of telerobot work. The described approach results in the organization of effective online systems with sufficiently simple control algorithms. By means of testing, the efficiency of these systems is shown.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Weidmann, Nils B., and Michael Callen. "Violence and Election Fraud: Evidence from Afghanistan." British Journal of Political Science 43, no. 1 (July 3, 2012): 53–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123412000191.

Full text

Abstract:

What explains local variation in electoral manipulation in countries with ongoing internal conflict? The theory of election fraud developed in this article relies on the candidates’ loyalty networks as the agents manipulating the electoral process. It predicts (i) that the relationship between violence and fraud follows an inverted U-shape and (ii) that loyalty networks of both incumbent and challenger react differently to the security situation on the ground. Disaggregated violence and election results data from the 2009 Afghanistan presidential election provide empirical results consistent with this theory. Fraud is measured both by a forensic measure, and by using results from a visual inspection of a random sample of the ballot boxes. The results align with the two predicted relationships, and are robust to other violence and fraud measures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Ni, Zhiyu, Shunan Wu, Yewei Zhang, and Zhigang Wu. "Payload Parameter Identification of a Flexible Space Manipulator System via Complex Eigenvalue Estimation." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2020 (February 5, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5142925.

Full text

Abstract:

Manipulator systems are widely used in payload capture and movement in the ground/space operation due to their dexterous manipulation capability. In this study, a method for identifying the payload parameters of a flexible space manipulator using the estimated system of complex eigenvalue matrix is proposed. The original nonlinear dynamic model of the manipulator is linearized at a selected working point. Subsequently, the system state-space model and corresponding complex eigenvalue parameters are determined by the observer/Kalman filter identification algorithm using the torque input signal of the motor and the vibration output signals of the link. Therefore, the inertia parameters of the payload, that is, the mass and the moment of inertia, can be derived from the identified complex eigenvalue system and mode shapes by solving a least-squares problem. In numerical simulations, the proposed parameter identification method is implemented and compared with the classical recursive least-squares and affine projection sign algorithms. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively estimate the payload parameters with satisfactory accuracy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Ganz, Shoshannah. "“I had become a cow”: Kimura Yūsuke’s Sacred Cesium Ground and Robert Moore’s Figuring Ground." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 67, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2022.2.03.

Full text

Abstract:

"This paper shows how Kimura Yūsuke’s Sacred Cesium Ground (2016; translated 2019) and Robert Moore’s Figuring Ground (2009) expose the biopolitical manipulation of humans and animals thereby demonstrating the possibility of transcending narrow species boundaries. These authors both employ literary techniques such as humorous absurdism, embracing madness, and cultivating activism, while at the same time engaging with the ethical questions raised by critical animal studies. Of particular importance for the comparative discussions of Kimura and Moore’s texts will be Donna Haraway’s identification of herself as a philosopher of the “mud” and her derision of the philosophy of the “sky” or the abstraction employed by Deleuze and Guattari. This paper likewise employs Carol J. Adams’s ideas of the shared absent referent in meat eating and pornography and the development on this thought in Nicole Shukin’s theory of rendering. This paper moreover draws attention to the rupture created through the violence of the slaughterhouse and the slaughter of cattle following 3/11 in Japan to show the suffering of animals and the necessity of acknowledging the shared experience of species. Robert Moore’s Figuring Ground and Kimura Yūsuke’s Sacred Cesium Ground thus allow for the movement from the historical capitalist preoccupation with cattle as commodity to an understanding of cows as part of a trans-species community. Keywords: cows, slaughter, suffering, literature, biopolitics "

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Xu, S., L. L. Liu, and E. J. Sayer. "Variability of above-ground litter inputs alters soil physicochemical and biological processes: a meta-analysis of litterfall-manipulation experiments." Biogeosciences 10, no. 11 (November 19, 2013): 7423–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7423-2013.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Global change has been shown to alter the amount of above-ground litter inputs to soil greatly, which could cause substantial cascading effects on below-ground biogeochemical cycling. Despite extensive study, there is uncertainty about how changes in above-ground litter inputs affect soil carbon and nutrient turnover and transformation. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis on 70 litter-manipulation experiments in order to assess how changes in above-ground litter inputs alter soil physicochemical properties, carbon dynamics and nutrient cycles. Our results demonstrated that litter removal decreased soil respiration by 34%, microbial biomass carbon in the mineral soil by 39% and total carbon in the mineral soil by 10%, whereas litter addition increased them by 31, 26 and 10%, respectively. This suggests that greater litter inputs increase the soil carbon sink despite higher rates of carbon release and transformation. Total nitrogen and extractable inorganic nitrogen in the mineral soil decreased by 17 and 30%, respectively, under litter removal, but were not altered by litter addition. Overall, litter manipulation had a significant impact upon soil temperature and moisture, but not soil pH; litter inputs were more crucial in buffering soil temperature and moisture fluctuations in grassland than in forest. Compared to other ecosystems, tropical and subtropical forests were more sensitive to variation in litter inputs, as altered litter inputs affected the turnover and accumulation of soil carbon and nutrients more substantially over a shorter time period. Our study demonstrates that although the magnitude of responses differed greatly among ecosystems, the direction of the responses was very similar across different ecosystems. Interactions between plant productivity and below-ground biogeochemical cycling need to be taken into account to predict ecosystem responses to environmental change.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Klatzky, Roberta L., and Nicholas A. Giudice. "The planar mosaic fails to account for spatially directed action." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 36, no. 5 (October 2013): 554–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x13000435.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractHumans' spatial representations enable navigation and reaching to targets above the ground plane, even without direct perceptual support. Such abilities are inconsistent with an impoverished representation of the third dimension. Features that differentiate humans from most terrestrial animals, including raised eye height and arms dedicated to manipulation rather than locomotion, have led to robust metric representations of volumetric space.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Boag, David A., and Darwin R. Wiggett. "Food and space: resources defended by territorial parous female Columbian ground squirrels." Canadian Journal of Zoology 72, no. 11 (November 1, 1994): 1908–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z94-259.

Full text

Abstract:

The importance of food and space, as resources defended by parous female Columbian ground squirrels (Spermophilus columbianus), was studied by manipulating one of these resources, that is increasing the quality of forage (through urine fertilization) on small plots within territories. Use of these fertilized plots by ground squirrels increased more than 100-fold when averaged over 2 years after manipulation. This increase, however, was not equal for each sex and age class: parous females used the fertilized plots relatively more, and nonparous females less, than either yearling or adult males. The number of parous females with territories overlapping the experimental plots also increased after fertilization, but the size of their territories declined only slightly, by less than 10%. Parous females with access to the fertilized plots, relative to those without such access, had greater body mass and larger litters that both weighed more at birth and gained body mass subsequently more rapidly. Parous females on territories with fertilized plots showed higher levels of agonism than those on territories lacking such plots. Most of the agonism was centered on the experimental plots and more of it was directed at young of other females than at their own young. Such differential treatment of kin, however, did not extend to their offspring of the previous year. We suggest that for parous females of this ground squirrel, both food and space (at least that normally needed to supply sufficient forage) are important resources to defend, and both may have played a significant role in the evolution of territoriality in females of this species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

den Duijn, X., G. Agugiaro, and S. Zlatanova. "MODELLING BELOW- AND ABOVE-GROUND UTILITY NETWORK FEATURES WITH THE CITYGML UTILITY NETWORK ADE: EXPERIENCES FROM ROTTERDAM." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4/W7 (September 20, 2018): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w7-43-2018.

Full text

Abstract:

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Precise and comprehensive knowledge about 3D urban space is required for simulation and analysis in the fields of urban and environmental planning, city administration and disaster management. In order to facilitate these applications, geo-information about functional, semantic, and topographic aspects of urban features, their mutual dependencies and relations is needed. Substantial work has been done in the modelling and representation of above-ground features in the context of 3D city modelling. However, the belowground part of the real world, of which utility networks form a big part, is often neglected. Existing data models for utility networks are generally very domain-specific and, therefore, not suitable either. This paper describes a 3D data modelling approach for integrated management of below-ground utility networks and related above-ground city objects. This approach consists of manipulating first the structure of existing utility data in the commonly used Feature Manipulation Engine ETL software in order to make the data compliant to the CityGML Utility Network ADE data model. Subsequently, workspaces are created that take care of storing the CityGML data into the free and open-source 3D City Database, which has been extended in order to manage utility network data, too. Moreover, the research shows the suitability of the extended 3DCityDB to perform graph-based topological operations by means of the PostgreSQL pgRouting extension. Lastly, the results are visualized in typical GIS applications, e.g. QGIS and ArcGIS.</p>

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Delić, Uroš, Manuel Reisenbauer, Kahan Dare, David Grass, Vladan Vuletić, Nikolai Kiesel, and Markus Aspelmeyer. "Cooling of a levitated nanoparticle to the motional quantum ground state." Science 367, no. 6480 (January 30, 2020): 892–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aba3993.

Full text

Abstract:

Quantum control of complex objects in the regime of large size and mass provides opportunities for sensing applications and tests of fundamental physics. The realization of such extreme quantum states of matter remains a major challenge. We demonstrate a quantum interface that combines optical trapping of solids with cavity-mediated light-matter interaction. Precise control over the frequency and position of the trap laser with respect to the optical cavity allowed us to laser-cool an optically trapped nanoparticle into its quantum ground state of motion from room temperature. The particle comprises 108 atoms, similar to current Bose-Einstein condensates, with the density of a solid object. Our cooling technique, in combination with optical trap manipulation, may enable otherwise unachievable superposition states involving large masses.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Manipulation of ground'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles