Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Maniema (Congo) – Conditions sociales'
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Kabemba, Assan. "Les formations socio-économiques du Maniema et le [sic] leur évolution sous l'impact des Arabo-swahili, Ca 1830-1930." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213420.
Full textSaboukoulou, Clément. "La ruralité congolaise d'une tradition écologique à une modernité polluante." Reims, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REIML008.
Full textNgayou, Gaston. "La société congolaise : formation sociale et problèmes méthodologiques : critique des idéologies." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100046.
Full textIdeology is not only a falsified representation of reality but also a factor as relevant as any other factor concerning the social structure. Ideology and culture enter the conceptual structure of historical sciences which both take place at one and the same time as productive forces and significant practices in the field of social practices. All the theses of occidental anthropology on african societies reduce their structures to the ideological opposition between tradition and modernity. African societies are original formations, which lie on the articulation of internal and external factors. The general concepts of colonial formation, colonial mode of production etc. , which think together history and culture allow to express this originality
Samba, Christian Wilfrid. "Entre tradition et modernité : les mutations du contrôle social au Congo." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10065.
Full textOn the whole, the black African societies experience the superposition of two social models which are structurally opposed : on the one hand, there is the traditional organisation, on the other hand, the administration or state model. Each social model has its own structure and mechanism thanks to which it is able to fight against the dangers and behaviours which can threaten the social order. Besides, the aim of this work is to reflect on the evolution of the different kinds of social control, that is to say on the way to cope with the social behaviours in the Congo-Brazzaville
Souka, Jean-François Sylvestre. "Urbanisation, approvisionnement vivrier et consommation alimentaire en Afrique noire : le cas de Brazzaville." Bordeaux 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR30025.
Full textA long time after having declared agriculture as "the priority of priorities", the congolese governement in 1984, set itself the goal of reaching food self-sufficiency by the year 2000. For them, he travels all over the world. There appears however to be a double contradiction between this slogan, which is legitimate and even commendable as an objective, and the reality of the situation, which comes from the degree of urbanisation in the congo, where two-thirds of the population lives in urban or semi-urban centres: there are fewer and fewer rural producers, and for various reasons, diets in urban environments are very different from the traditional model. Through this study of brazzaville, we can look into food stuffs, sources of supply, distribution networks and the evolution of dietary behavior, in a country which, although it hasn't encountered famine as such, has nevertheless serious difficulties in feeding its population
Canel, Patrick. "La production de l'habitat populaire en ville africaine : étude de cas à Douala et Kinshasa, essai d'interprétation et conséquences théoriques et pratiques." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010530.
Full textSelf settlement and construction process namely the individual and or family involvment in building urban shelters for their own use has been the conventional approach and explanation for the haphazard and uncontrolled urbanization process which provides a substantial amount of housing supply in the African cities. A day to day study case of shelters construction on land whose tenure arrangements are haphazard and often illegal in Douala (Cameroon) and Kinshasa (Zairo) stresses that the above approach is largely irrelevant. Housing for the poor are built by masons and craftmen belonging to the so called informal sector of the urban economy, under the control of individual with lower middle incomes to invest in the construction of houses for the poorer people. The analysis of the householders strategies also stresses the importance of the renting use of the shelters at the very beginning of the individual projects. A selective litterature review on that matter in other cities of western Africa confirms this analysis and justifies a redefinition of the housing projects previously based on the self construction paradigm i. E. Sites and services world bank projects for example. This redefinition necessitates a better understanding of the "informal sector" of housing construction for the poor ; the householders socio-economical characteristics and strategies have also to be taken into account due to their importance in the housing supply production for the poor. It appear that the concrete (cement) block plays a key role in their private strategies in western and central African cities
Aya, Alphonse. "Proto-Etat et société civile congolaise." Tours, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOUR1007.
Full textMabiala, Armand-Maixent. "Contraintes économiques et soins de santé au Congo : les contours de l'Initiative de Bamako ou d'une approche en termes de participation communautaire." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON10028.
Full textCountry in the process of development, better, underdeveloped country strongly undergoing external pressure, Congo knows since the year 1980 an economic and financial crisis major which unfortunately modified, since 1996, its row in the scale of the countries in relation to their level of financing of many social budgets and the degradation of public health whose indicators are relatively good around the Sixties. This situation obliges the Congolese state to adhere to the many international recommendations aiming at promoting public health. The adoption of the National Plan of Sanitary Development (PNDS), which fits in the right wire of the initiative of Bamako with in background the question of the Community participation brings to wonder about the viability od such a diagram in the particular context of Congo where an ambivalent system of health is noted, a heavy and antiquated politico-administrative structure, which functions according to its own logics. This interrogation finds brief replies in the checking between the diagrams and the facts. From where the emergence of other interrogations
N'Dion, Pierre. "Territoires et communautés de Brazzaville : les limites de l'aménagement des villes d'Afrique tropicale." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010556.
Full textStudying territoires of tropical african cities can be carried out with the ambition to justify the necessary complementary between fundamental and applied research with a view of urban territoires management. As regards brazzaville, the capital city of the congo, the description and analysis of the land (part one) sketch up an evaluation of the urban policies which have been implemented for one and a half century by colonial administrations first, and later on by nationals. The country's history and geography, the social practices have shaped the city, urban communities' consciousness and sociology. Yet, new districts creation logics, urban strategies, production of inhabited spaces, migrations and inter-urban residential mobility mechanisms originate from a general mutation of social formation (part two). But this mutation of urban society, endlessly influenced by social, political and economic stakes, amplified by cultural external factors does not follow a space organization and territory social functioning dynamics which comply with the official urban project. Planning stands then as a requirement and a necessity in the research of solutions to city manage:ent and control of urban space expansion. The objective is a harmonious integration of urban territories functioning in the national territory development schema (part three). For tropical cities development options to be operational, they must rest on a thorough
Mpuru, René Mazembe-Bias. "Urbanisation et crise alimentaire à Kikwit (Congo) : stratégies d'adaptation aux contraintes d'approvisionnements vivriers et alimentaires, et incidences sur la société urbaine." Bordeaux 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR30069.
Full textThe fall of the second republic in congo-kinshasa has brought great socio-economic consequences in the congolese cities. The rapid degradation of the country's political and macro-economic situation from 1990 to 1997 bears serious effects on the alimentation of the congolese townsmen. The food crisis developing worryingly in kikwit is one dimension of the problem. The description of the food crops supply system in kikwit and the notorious salary precariousness have naturally deteriorated the kikwit people's alimentary conditions. In these conditions, what are the options and strategies brought about by the townsmen for their food supply ? the rapid degradation of the road network constitutes a handicap for the marketing of the food crops in the hinterland and their transport to kikwit. The peasants-producers from enclaved regions use waterways thanks to their pirogues, rafters and whaleboats to supply the city. A true servitude for these peasants forced to travel kilometres, cross falls and often forced to face bad weather conditions in order to feed the city with a view of making some profit. The ports have became + true bushmarkets ; and prices reference spots for the marketing of basic foodstuff in cities. Therefore, what are the prospects of recent evolution in kikwit's alimentation condition ? the decay of city's economic activities continuously increases the number of jobless. The low salaries (3 to 8 dollars) have led to a drop in the townsmen's consumption level. These latter involued themselves in parcel and suburban agriculture which is far from meeting households' food requirements. The kikwit inhabitants alimentation remains very unbalanced ; they get their last energies more from glucidic products (tubercules, vegetales) than from lipidic and protidic products. The decrease of the number of meals is worring : 53 % of the households in our sample have only one meal a day. The consequences of such a socio-economic and food situation are particularly acute on the people's heath: nutritive trouble, exclusion, and poverty. Key-words : urbanisation, employment, food crops supply, food crisis, health, poverty, kikwit, congo-kinshasa
Rubbers, Benjamin. "Congo Casino : Le monde social du capitalisme européen au Katanga (RDC)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210891.
Full textLes Européens (Belges, Grecs et Italiens) du Katanga, dont le nombre s’est considérablement réduit au cours de la période post-coloniale, forment aujourd’hui le groupe le plus puissant de l’économie de la région. Au vu des troubles qui ont marqué l’histoire du Congo depuis l’indépendance, pourquoi sont-ils restés sur place ?Comment ont-ils développé leurs affaires dans une économie sur le déclin, en voie de marginalisation, et dans une structure politique patrimoniale de plus en plus instable ?Et quelle est leur place au sein de la société congolaise ?Telle est la triple question de départ à laquelle tente de répondre cette thèse en abordant de façon successive, au fil des chapitres, leur parcours migratoire, leur insertion dans la société congolaise, la dynamique de leur communauté, leur rôle dans les deux plus gros secteurs de la région, et leurs rapports avec les représentants de l’Etat. Elle prend appui pour ce faire sur une recherche de terrain conduite entre 2003 et 2004.
If the number of Europeans (Belgians, Greeks and Italians) living in Katanga has considerably decreased during the post-colonial period, they represent today the most powerful entrepreneurial group of the local economy. Once considered the troubles they came across since independence, why did they remain in the Congo? How did they develop their business in a declining economy, in process of marginalization, and in a patrimonial political structure, which proves to be more and more unstable? Finally, what is their place and role in Congolese society? These are the three questions this thesis tries to give an answer. Through the chapters, it studies the migration of expatriates in Africa, their relationship with Congolese society, the dynamics of their community, their role in the two most important sectors of Katanga, and the way they interact with the agents of the State. For this purpose, it rests upon a fieldwork research led between 2003 and 2004.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation anthropologie
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Moukolo, Delphin. "Niveaux de revenus, marchés et structures de consommation : contribution à l'étude psycho-socio-économique des phénomènes de consommation liés à la dynamique sociale du développement dans la boucle du Niari : essai d'analyse et de synthèse : introduction à la critique du style de développement endogène au Congo." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR1D303.
Full textThis thesis, which deals with "income levels, markets and consumption structures" of households in the niari loop and which tries to explain how to tackle and reconcile the tasks of development and consumption, is, above all, a description of the social state of consumption. It is therefore a comparative and explanatory approach to consumption phenomena via a "psycho-socio-economic" approach, which a monographic study allows. This thesis is above all an attempt to analyse and synthesise: - an analysis of the very substance of consumption phenomena through their multiple forms; - a synthesis of their installation development as a specific process of social development allied to the dynamics of development and as a framework which today comprises almost all daily social phenomena linked to the changing behaviour of man as a "social animal", and as a "biological and social" atom in consumption. The niari loop, a "dual" or even a "plural" universe is the point where two non- exclusive life styles meet, confront each other and interact; where tradition and modernity are in perpetual encounter through the combined play of the effects of substitution and demonstration. As such, the heterogeneity of the consumption here is the expression of traditional and modern cultures living in symbiosis
Makambila, Pascal. "L'imaginaire dans la vie sociale des Kongo-lari de la République du Congo des origines à nos jours." Bordeaux 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR30031.
Full textOur study deals with the imaginary way of thinking in the social life of the kongo-lari people of the republic of congo from the ancient times up to the present time. The magic and religious believes constitute the fundamental base of the collective "imaginaire" of the kongo-lari,. From the pre-colonial period to the colonial time and from the colonial period to the period of the national constrcution, ancestors worship, witchcraft and sorcery remain th emost important beleives. In spite of the assimilation policy undertaken by thez french colonizers during the colonial time (1875-1960) and the work of evangelization done by the european christian missionaries in order to change kongo-lari's way of thinking, many traditional believes coming from the past are still alive nowadays. We have noticed in our study that the kongo-lari have adopted some european cultural values, but they have not accepted to loose the whole soul of their own culture. For example, when they are ill, they go to modern hospitals and at the same time they believe in the power of witch doctors. This is the way they live because of the deep influence of the imagination in their social life
Dorier-Apprill, Elisabeth. "Environnement et santé à Brazzaville, Congo : de l'écologie urbaine à la géographie sociale." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100030.
Full textMakungu, Masudi Mwinyimali. "L' élevage péri-urbain à Kinshasa (République démocratique du Congo) : entre "débrouille" et "entreprise" : dynamismes économiques et représentations sociales." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010509.
Full textXiberras, Valérie. "Analyse du concept d'intellectuel à travers la figure sociale de l'"évolué" du Congo belge, 1945-1960 : de l'"évolué" à l'intellectuel : transition impossible." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28762.
Full textKokidé, Jean. "Evolution économique et sociale de l'Afrique centrale entre les deux guerres : étude comparée du Moyen-Congo et de l'Oubangui-Chari, 1928-1938." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX10003.
Full textMeyo-me-Nkoghe, Dieudonné. "Les élites africaines dans trois territoires de l'Afrique Equatoriale française : Gabon, Moyen-Congo et Oubangui-Chari de 1930 à 1960." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUEL230.
Full textThe A. E. F. Is a federation created on the 15th of january 1910 and gathers Gabon, Moyen-Congo, Oubangui-Chari and Chad. With 4130939 of people in 1947 these territories extend on 2736000 km2. Beside millions of illiterate persons of federation, we have a group of persons known as chieves, and a last as modern elites. This thesis talls about these people. Who are the elites ? Can a local elite be considered in the home way as a metropolitan one, and do these questions. Can be found in this thesis which treats deeply the problems by making out some general caracteristics about modern elites (chap. III). For instance we can see, that most elites are born in the countryside ; that most of Gabonese priest, and sisters are respectively from Fang and Pongwe ethnics. . . After 1946's constitutionnal reform, elites and talk in the representative councils then in the territorial assemblies in 1956. Elections race leads to competitions and sparrings between elites who want their projects to be adopted. Some items such as social and political equality between locals and colonizers, realisation of infrastructures social and political projects and programs are discussed in order to settle and economical basis in the A. E. F. Even if getting high salaries, elites are facing to be set aside by their brothers and could hardly find a wife with the same aspirations. At the end of their career, elites are decorated after having reached the highest responsabilities. Then death happens
Moundza, Patrice. "Les équipements collectifs dans les quartiers Nord de Brazzaville (R. P. Congo) : situation, utilisation, besoins." Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30012.
Full textAmong the numerous problems that have come up and have been worsening in the tropical cities, there is that of public equipments wich discriminating layout in the north quarters of brazzaville has given prominence to the triple notion of spacial, temporal and social distance that separates these public equipements from their users. Their settlement made amlessly, shows that the people's pression and the use of political status for personal purposes, have become the deciding elements of the urban equipment policy to the detriment of technical documents of town planning. To this point of view, a considerable displacing will still persist between the speech and the reality for a long time
Bazenguissa, Rémy. "Histoire sociale du champ politique congolais : 1946-1991." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0091.
Full textMy sociological study of congolese political practices constitutes a historical account divided in six parts. I strove to show, for each period, how in their fight for power, the actors played differents trumps : the influences which they could prevail over religious circles, as well as military, political, and ethnical, their own capacity in mastering eloquence, and elegance, and finally, the valorization of their scholar diplomas, when they had any
Mban, Loumpele Rigobert. "Esquisse d'une psychologie compréhensive du système mantique traditionnel dans ses relations avec l'articulation des symboles fondamentaux au sein de l'univers de sens Ngangulu (Congo) : caractéristiques et conséquences de la régulation du système." Rennes 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REN20003.
Full textThe research on divination or mantica, considered here as a study (V. UA), a query, a way to the group memory or to the system of laws disclosed by the elder, is attempted for the first time in the Congo. As far as the Ngangulu conception of existence is concerned, this work is an attempt to explain the Ngangulu universe as to the evolution of the life of man in his environment. If for researchers such as we are, we are trying to shed light on the interpretative theory of the Ngangulu universe, for Ngangulu scientists this is an explanatory theory of life. For them, man and nature are completely indissociable. For them, every concrete detail must be considered in a spiral structure in such a manner that everything linking it to the other concrete details is in keeping with what they consider to be the law of the universe. The latter has for material support the ash of sacred wood (lifura). Lifura, a cyclic causal link, expresses then the condition or the property of all the beings of nature to have a threshold and remain within the possible limits. Consequently lifura is the regulator of the energy Mpyin (Mpini)- or potential necessary to the manifestation of the being. The myths on which the theoretical frame is based will have contributed to the methodological elaboration of our work on the thesis. All these elements for a system, that of the "tradipraticians" which regroups the characteristics and the consequences of social regulation. These are based in the structure of the cultural mormory, i. E. The apex of the pyramid of intelligibility. This is the ancestral memory. We had several methodological options to reach our mains. One would have consisted in matching the observed facts and data gathered in the field to one of the theories of anthropological knowledge (phenomenology, structuralism). Another would have consisted in examining those facts seem from the theoretical frame typical of the Nngangulu culture. Nothing that the Ngangulu people are quite capable of reflection about their own universe, the meaning of life in the word and what forms the human being or (person-personality), we thought it would be justified to choose the latter approach without for all that ignoring the worth and the contribution of the main anthropological or psychological theories
Kande, Badibanga Dieudonné. "Les Luluwa et l'occidentalisation (cas de transformations sociales à partir de l'impact colonial)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211361.
Full textKabatusuila, Panu-Mpanu. "Organisation spatiale, cadre de vie et crise de l'environnement à Kananga (Zaïre)." Bordeaux 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR30026.
Full textKananga, the subject of this study is a town situated in the southern part of zaire. Serving as the metropolitan city of westen kasai, kananga has a population of 380. 000 inhabitants and lies on the latitudes 5o35' southwards and on the longitudes 22025' eastwards. The study aims to illustrate how human activities (for survival) in poverty stricten situations contribute to the degradation of the urban ecosytem. It is universally accepted that ecological balance results from equilibrum between the biotic, abiotic and human systems. The discruption of balanced relationship between these three systems can best explain the causes of the environmental problems encountered in kananga : massive soil erosions, pollutions, deforestation and the lack of sanitation etc. . . To clearly quality the effects of these problems, we carried out a systematic and integrated field survey. The analysis of this investigation helped us to come up some recommendations such and intensive community motivation and involvement as one of the stratigies by shich we can improve urban life
Yengo, Patrice. ""De la conférence nationale aux disparus du Beach" : histoire et anthropologie de la guerre civile du Congo-Brazzaville." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0120.
Full textThis thesis explores the relevance of the application in a post-colonial state of the concept of "civil war" like total social fact. With the intention, the study privileges a trans-disciplinary approach even if it remains marked deeply by the history and anthropology. It is based on the example of Congo-Brazzaville which was, from 1993 to 2002, a theater of a long civil war cut out in three large phases - 1993-1994, 1997 and of 1998 to 2002- bringing into play three political personalities and various armed bodies (military, militia, etc. ). These phases were not examined in an isolated way but overall from a point of view which integrates, as well, the changes on a global level that regional, the play of internal alliances and the oil issues involving the Elf company. This thesis is organized in three great parts. The first one investigates the "civil war" in the general context of the globalization and the end of the "cold war". The second part analyzes, starting from the Congolese national conference of 1990, the failure of the process of democratization. The third, finally, apprehends inherent logic with the three phases of the "civil war" which culminates by the return of the former president to the power. The conclusion opens a general comparative prospect where the "civil war" appears, not only like an internal military opposition within the elites for the conquest of the State power, but primarily like a process of conspiracy against the "citizenship". Thus, the civil war in Congo can be analyzed like a "démocide"
Bols-Bola, André. "Kinshasa : réalités zaïroises traditionnelles et modernes, anthropologie d'une capitale africaine." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H010.
Full textThere is three parts in this work, in which: a. Five chapters collecting in the first part results of an inquiry made in eighteen administrative zones of Kinshasa, according to the following seven determinants: a. Choices and forms of marriages, b. Familial composition, c. Marriage duration, d. Professional and lucrative activities, e. Wages and revenues, f. Aspiration standings and g. Believes. The second part syntheses inquiry explanations and results, c. The thirst one includes appendices, which contains the collected documents. This study aim is the analysis of transformations which occur in Zairian kinship systems. The question is to know if colonial system has modified their logics
Malu, Muswamba Rosalie. "L'accession des femmes congolaises au savoir dans une perspective historique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17977.
Full textMalumalu, Apollinaire. "La politique de recours à l'authenticité au Congo-Zaïre sous le régime Mobutu (1965-1997)." Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21054.
Full textWambat, François. "Esquisse d'histoire économique et sociale des Yamunzombo de l'Oubangui : Centrafrique, Congo, Zai͏̈re (du milieu du XVIIe à la fin du XXe siècle)." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010519.
Full textMutombo, Ngandu. "Politiques de rémunération, de cotation et de classification des emplois comme facteurs de formation d'une catégorie sociale : le cas des travailleurs de l'Union minière du Haut-Katanga, 1947-1967." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28404.
Full textNkimbi, Faustin. "Sociabilité et conscience identitaire dans l'univers Koongo de la vallée du Niari (République du Congo) : du XIXe siècle à la fin du XXe." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010526.
Full textKanda, Lukunga. "Pouvoir et gouvernance au Zaïre : (du règne du parti unique à la transition)." Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE0041.
Full textHiamba, Ovungu Jean. "Structure et sens cosmopolitique du pouvoir dans la culture des Ankutsu-Membele: contribution au processus d'intégration et de démocratisation en Afrique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209753.
Full textEn effet, les rébellions, les guerres ethniques ou tribales, les rivalités et les dissensions inter groupales continuent à affecter la vie politique, économique et sociale de ce pays depuis la période précoloniale en passant par la période coloniale et postcoloniale. Cette préoccupation majeure suscite des interrogations fondamentales :de quelle manière peut-on aujourd’hui ériger un projet politique qui soit à mesure de redéfinir les finalités socio-politiques, cultuelles, et économiques globales qui accordent une meilleure écoute aux productions de sens qui émanent des valeurs théoriques de chaque groupe social, en sublimant ce qui rapproche et non ce qui divise ?Comment dépasser les clivages excluant issus des situations de crise (traite, colonisation, rébellions, guerres, dissensions) ?Comment mettre sur pied un espace commun qui serait le lieu d’échange libre où chacun exprimerait son opinion dans le respect et la dignité de l’autre ?
C’est à ces questions et à beaucoup d’autres encore que cette thèse tente de répondre. Il s’agit en fait, d’une étude à caractère paradigmatique réalisée dans le groupe Ankutshu-Membele, à la lumière des approches occidentales du pouvoir et de la démocratie. Elle s’assigne comme objectif principal de problématiser la conception du pouvoir à travers la culture et les religions de ce peuple, en vue de tenter d’établir les conditions de possibilités d’intégration de cette société traditionnelle vers une société moderne multiculturelle et démocratique.
Doctorat en Philosophie
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Bouzoungoula, Joseph. "Micro-entreprises, commerçants et socialités dans un quartier urbain de Brazzaville." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50377-2003-17-18.pdf.
Full textItoua, Ondet Maixent Cyr. "Genre et Paix ! : les femmes dans la résolution des conflits au Congo-Brazzaville." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENH020/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the involvement of women in conflict resolution in Congo brazzaville. It revaeals the various mechanisms through which the Congolese elite Women helped solne socio-politcal conflicts in the country. And it emphasizes the social role of Congolese Women in the struggle for national emancipation. Successively studing sociogenesis conflict and networks of different political actors through associations supported by Ong and finaly the occupation of public space. This theis reports on the social logic of societal transformation and male domination in its forms institutionalized and objectified and incorporated. Therefore it simultaneously captures the state dimension and religious influence generally separated by specialization objects of study and investigation methods socio-political and socio-graphic history statistical approach and social and political anthropology
Okito, Pamijeko, and Pamijeko Okito. "Analyse de besoins de la formation continue et des conditions socioprofessionnelles des enseignants en situation après-guerre en République démocratique du Congo : cas des enseignants du niveau secondaire de la ville de Goma." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38299.
Full textLa formation du personnel enseignant de la ville de Goma au Nord-Kivu, en République démocratique du Congo (RDC), a évolué négativement depuis la période coloniale. D’une formation initiale essentiellement religieuse, elle a été orientée vers des contenus universitaires, puis transformée en une formation continue sous forme de journées pédagogiques. Cette visée de formation n’a malheureusement pas été maintenue en raison du désengagement du gouvernement, des guerres et des conditions de vie. Conséquemment, l’un des problèmes majeurs qui caractérisent actuellement le système scolaire de Goma est l’absence de formation continue des enseignants. Afin d’aider ces enseignants à s’autoformer professionnellement pendant leur carrière, l’identification préalable de leurs besoins en formation continue et socioprofessionnels s’est avérée pertinente. Le but de cette étude est d’identifier et d’analyser ces besoins. Pour ce faire, un questionnaire de 91 énoncées a d’abord été rempli par 151 enseignants du secondaire à Goma, chef-lieu de la Province du Nord-Kivu (RDC). Par la suite, des entrevues ont été réalisées auprès de 20 d’entre eux. Les énoncés du questionnaire et ceux du canevas d’entretien ont été regroupés selon trois thèmes : les besoins en compétences professionnelles, les besoins socioprofessionnels et les renseignements généraux. La détermination des besoins en formation continue et leur classement selon l'ordre de priorité ont été réalisés au moyen des approches analytiques et graphiques de l’analyse de besoin. Les résultats de cette étude révèlent que des 73 besoins concernent la formation continue, cinq sont jugés extrêmement prioritaires. Ces besoins extrêmement prioritaires sont : la formation pédagogique; des ateliers de formation; des séminaires; l’emploi correct des TIC dans les buts de se constituer des réseaux d’échange et de formation continue dans son domaine d’enseignement et dans sa pratique pédagogique ; la connaissance et l’utilisation des TIC en enseignement et apprentissage. Pour ce qui est des besoins socioprofessionnels, les résultats indiquent qu’ils sont au nombre de 30. Parmi ceux-ci, la rémunération salariale, la sécurité sociale, le transport et le logement sont les plus cités par les participants.
The teacher’s education training in Goma city, Nord-Kivu, in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), has negatively progressed since colonial period. From basic education essentially religious, it has been oriented towards the university content, and has changed to continuing education under pedagogic activities daily. That objective of education has not been maintained because of non-engagement of government, the wars and the life conditions. Consequently, one of major problems characterizing actually school system in Goma city is the absence of continuing education of teachers. To assist those teachers to educate themselves professionally during their carriers, the identification of their needs in continuing education and socio-professional is very important. The main of this study is to identify and analyze these needs. The teacher’s education training in Goma city, Nord-Kivu, in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), has negatively progressed since colonial period. From basic education essentially religious, it has been oriented towards the university content, and has changed to continuing education under pedagogic activities daily. That objective of education has not been maintained because of non-engagement of government, the wars and the life conditions. Consequently, one of major problems characterizing actually school system in Goma city is the absence of continuing education of teachers. To assist those teachers to educate themselves professionally during their carriers, the identification of their needs in continuing education et socio-professional is very important. The main of this study is to identify and analyze these needs. This study aims to identify then categorize by order of priority the needs of continuing education for secondary school teachers in the city of Goma, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).A 91 questionnaire was administered to 151 secondary school teachers, and 20 of them were interviewed in Goma, the capital of North Kivu Province (DRC). These statements were grouped according to three themes: the need for professional skills, the socio-professional needs of teachers and general information. The determination of the various needs and their classification according to the order of preference were accomplished by means of graphic approaches and by statistical counting such as the indication of the preferences of need (IPB), the counting of average and absolute deviation. The calculations of the average with percentages were used to identify the views of all the teachers in terms of their professional needs and general information. The results of this study indicate that in terms of continuing education needs we have 73 needs among which six are extremely of high priority: Pedagogical practice; Teacher training, seminar workshop; Internet search; Proper use of TIC in order to establish networks of exchange and continuous training in its field of teaching and in its pedagogical practice; Knowledge and use of ICT in teaching and learning». Concerning the socio-professional needs, we may name: salary, social security, transport and accommodation. Finally, with regard to general information, men outnumber women, and most of them are academics.
The teacher’s education training in Goma city, Nord-Kivu, in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), has negatively progressed since colonial period. From basic education essentially religious, it has been oriented towards the university content, and has changed to continuing education under pedagogic activities daily. That objective of education has not been maintained because of non-engagement of government, the wars and the life conditions. Consequently, one of major problems characterizing actually school system in Goma city is the absence of continuing education of teachers. To assist those teachers to educate themselves professionally during their carriers, the identification of their needs in continuing education and socio-professional is very important. The main of this study is to identify and analyze these needs. The teacher’s education training in Goma city, Nord-Kivu, in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), has negatively progressed since colonial period. From basic education essentially religious, it has been oriented towards the university content, and has changed to continuing education under pedagogic activities daily. That objective of education has not been maintained because of non-engagement of government, the wars and the life conditions. Consequently, one of major problems characterizing actually school system in Goma city is the absence of continuing education of teachers. To assist those teachers to educate themselves professionally during their carriers, the identification of their needs in continuing education et socio-professional is very important. The main of this study is to identify and analyze these needs. This study aims to identify then categorize by order of priority the needs of continuing education for secondary school teachers in the city of Goma, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).A 91 questionnaire was administered to 151 secondary school teachers, and 20 of them were interviewed in Goma, the capital of North Kivu Province (DRC). These statements were grouped according to three themes: the need for professional skills, the socio-professional needs of teachers and general information. The determination of the various needs and their classification according to the order of preference were accomplished by means of graphic approaches and by statistical counting such as the indication of the preferences of need (IPB), the counting of average and absolute deviation. The calculations of the average with percentages were used to identify the views of all the teachers in terms of their professional needs and general information. The results of this study indicate that in terms of continuing education needs we have 73 needs among which six are extremely of high priority: Pedagogical practice; Teacher training, seminar workshop; Internet search; Proper use of TIC in order to establish networks of exchange and continuous training in its field of teaching and in its pedagogical practice; Knowledge and use of ICT in teaching and learning». Concerning the socio-professional needs, we may name: salary, social security, transport and accommodation. Finally, with regard to general information, men outnumber women, and most of them are academics.
Ilunga-Ilunga, Félicien. "Le paludisme grave de l'enfant: profil des ménages, aspects épidémio-cliniques, et analyse de coûts de prise en charge dans les hôpitaux de Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209063.
Full textObjectifs et hypothèses.
Les hypothèses suivantes ont été posées:
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Doctorat en Sciences de la santé publique
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Indeka, Nkoso Joseph. "Les chefferies ndengese en conflit: dans les interstices de la tradition et de l'Etat, R.D.Congo." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209364.
Full textC’est essentiellement un mode de lecture du fait politique, les chefferies à travers les âges: conditions d’émergence et d’institutionnalisation, sources de légitimité, supports territoriaux et symboliques, fonctionnement réel, enjeux et conflits. L’analyse de tels processus a nécessité la prise en compte de la dispersion des idées politiques dans les institutions sociales et familiales, la religion, la littérature, l’art et l’économie. On n’a pas négligé pourtant, leurs liens à l’ordre social et les rapports avec les structures politico-administratives étatiques dans lesquelles les chefferies sont enchâssées. Cette dissertation a combiné deux grandes perspectives du pouvoir politique :symbolique et sociologique. Dans la perspective symbolique renouvelée, une des entrées principales a été celle de la « mise en scène » du pouvoir, dans des contextes variés, pour assurer sa légitimité. A été ainsi mis en exergue le concept de « traditions », renvoyant aux analyses de Hobsbawm et Ranger (1983). Cette perspective de l’ethnologie classique du pouvoir politique a été complétée par celle de la sociologie politique davantage tournée vers la « domination » au sens wébérien, les enjeux et relation de pouvoir, ainsi que l’étude des comportements des acteurs :stratégies et tactiques individuelles et collectives. On s’est intéressé aux dynamiques politiques locales produites à travers l’interaction entre les facteurs internes et externes, et aux modalités de réception, d’interprétation et d’appropriation afin d’y lire un peu de « sens ». En cela, cette thèse est « une anthropologie des mondes contemporains » (Augé 1994) avec un arrière-fond historique important. Elle a privilégié l’analyse des interactions aussi bien rituelles qu’administratives. Ces regards croisés du pouvoir politique local ont ainsi permis d’articuler ce qu’Olivier de Sardan (2005) appelle « ethnographie classique et socio-anthropologie des espaces publics en Afrique ».
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Biaya, Tshikala Kayembe. "Femmes, possession et christianisme au Zaïre : analyse diachronique des productions et pratiques de la spiritualité chrétienne africaine." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28968.
Full textTama, Pogma. "Trajectoire des enfants de la rue : influences des accusations de sorcellerie et de consommation des substances psychoactives chez les enfants de la rue de Pointe-Noire (République du Congo)." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT2005/document.
Full textThe general objective of the thesis is to test the influence of the witchcraft accusations and consumption of psychoactive substances on the street children of Pointe-Noire (Republic of Congo); according to their life-course and thanks to the longitudinal qualitative method. We briefly recalled the current conceptual debate on the phenomenon. Several reasons can explain the departure of a child in the street. Among them are the witchcraft accusations. The study targeted 15 children from 11 to 15 years old and makes it possible to assert that these accusations lead to the street children status. These children live a disaffiliation with their family together with losses of identity markers. Specific defense mechanisms are thus set up by the children to face the witchcraft accusations of which they are victims. The arrival in the street is accompanied by a desocialisation in the child which most advanced stage is the paradoxical over adaptation (Douville, 2003-2004). The psychoactive substances consumption also indicates the state of desocialisation. It enables the children to keep on going and to face the difficult survival conditions of the street. It is used as a medium for the resolution of the psychological conflicts. In this logic, the psychoactive substances are a transitional object for the children. The fixing with the psychoactive substances and the belief in witchcraft makes it difficult to work on the exit street projects. The barriers set by the parents vis-a-vis a return of the child into the family lead the accompaniers to refer the children towards accommodation centers
Nyama, Abraham. "Les villages des régions de Ndendé (Gabon) et Divenié (Congo) : essai d'étude comparée de 1934 à 1995." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010568.
Full textTshibilondi, Ngoyi Albertine. "Genre, éducation et développement: enjeux de l'éducation de la femme en Afrique. Cas des femmes congolaises au Kasaï." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211220.
Full textGuillaume, Henri. "Du miel au café, de l'ivoire à l'acajou : la colonisation de l'interfluve Sangha-Oubangui et l'évolution des rapports entre chasseurs-collecteurs pygmées Aka et agriculteurs (Sud-Centrafrique, Nord-Congo), 1880-1980." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHESA076.
Full textNzunguba-Ibio, Jean-Pierre. "Peintres, peinture et culture populaire à Bunia (Zaïre) : essai d'analyse socio-historique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20110.
Full textKoyanyo, Kongatua Jacques. "Du développement comme extensions des libertés : le cas des Pygmées Ndenga de la République démocratique du Congo." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC0054.
Full textThis research proposes to study the possibilities of designing a development program applicable to extreme poverty situations such as those experienced by the Ndenga of the Democratic Republic of Congo since the latter, given the obsolescence of its structures undermined by corruption and bad governance do not offer the same opportunities for its citizens to choose a development model. Thus, extreme poverty has systematically gained the Congolese public space thus affecting the quality of life of all Congolese, but more the poorest population such as the Ndenga. Following Amartya Sen, we consider that poverty is not only due to lack of income, but is mostly considered as the absence of "capabilities". That is, the lack of real freedoms to convert disposable goods into actual operations. A perspective also pursued by A. Sen, Thomas Pogge, Martha Nusbaum and A. RenautOn the basis of this observation, our first task will be to justify, if among the contemporary theories of justice, especially those which are conceived as applied to the development, are those which are likely to be applied more especially in a context of extreme as in the case mentioned, with a view to proposing an acceptable development program on this point. Since to date, the development program set up in the Democratic Republic of the Congo has shown, in the way that it was understood (or misunderstood, or betrayed in the Congo), its limits by creating conditions of injustice . In the second moment, we relied on the observation of failure of traditional justice theories unsuited to situations of extreme poverty to propose an approach by engaging in an applied political philosophy starting from indicators of extreme poverty or indicators. of human development in the Congo, especially among the Ndenga Pygmies, and try to develop, from there, new normative references to identify the priorities that it would be right to put forward in a process of remedying these injustices express in terms of extreme poverty.Beyond the specific question, raised by the fate of the Pygmies of Congo, the process undertaken also consisted of a contribution to the reflection on the alternative, between philosophy of principles and philosophy ex datis in the field of development. It will also be necessary to justify whether contemporary theories of justice based on a principle such as the extension of real liberties, and on what conditions, have achieved the objective that they have set themselves for the reduction. inequalities between individuals when faced with situations of extreme injustice. In the third and last part, we are talking about a series of proposals that could solve the extreme poverty of the Ndenga. Clearly, the priority will focus on the Ndenga man who will have to be carried by the legal, political, social and economic more just to enable him to live in the end, according to his choice. The agenda to be put in place focuses on the process of empowering the Pygmies Ndenga so that they enjoy full rights of all prerogatives recognized Congolese citizens
Tegera, Busey Aloys. "Les Banyarwanda du nord-Kivu (RDC) au XXème siècle : analyse historique et socio-politique d'un groupe transfrontalier (1885-2006)." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010556.
Full textBodineau, Sylvie. "Droits de l'enfant en praxis : la protection des enfants kadogos en République démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37669.
Full textThis thesis intends to provide an anthropological view of the humanitarian intervention aiming at protecting child soldiers known as kadogos (small in Swahili) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It examines the way in which the child rights regime has been implemented, put into practice and articulated in the DRC, through the intervention; in particular, how the global ideal figures of childhood conveyed by the rights of the child have circulated, been put into action and negotiated within a local mechanism to support the reintegration of children and young people leaving armed forces and armed groups. Through a critical analysis of practices, between the elaboration of intervention guidelines and policies and their implementation, it focuses on discourses and practices of the protagonists of the programme implemented (interveners and beneficiaries), considering that they are at the centre of humanitarian transactions, where, in a way, the "monolithic block" that the intervention represents, confronting its field of application, crumbles, dilutes, diversifies, and/or deviates; in the interstices and "entre-lieux de l’humanitaire" (Saillant 2007c) where children's rights are negotiated and "vernacularized" (Merry 2007). By not focusing on an "exotic" population (Congolese "child soldiers"), but on the way in which the "child rights regime" (Pupavac 2001), which originated in the Western world, is confronted with Congolese realities through humanitarian child protection practices, this research is part of an anthropology of the "close". From a typically anthropological perspective, by looking at the practice of children's rights outside their place of creation, it provides a better understanding of how altruisms are constructed in the very contemporary transnational context of humanitarian intervention and human rights. Tracking children's rights from their global conception to their local praxis, it opens the door for their renewal in its different spaces.
Delpeuch, Francis. "Etude multifactorielle du risque de retard de croissance en taille chez le jeune enfant : applications au Congo et en Martinique : implications pour les interventions et la surveillance nutritionnelle." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20314.
Full textAta, Jean-Marie. "Vision de l'Afrique noire dans l'imaginaire romanesque de Louis Ferdinand Céline : approche comparatiste de "Voyage au bout de la nuit" et "Voyage au Congo" d'André Gide." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040149.
Full textLukuitshi-lua-Nkombe, Albert Malaika. "Essai sur le système financier de la République Démocratique du Congo: une contribution à l'amélioration de la supervision bancaire." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210967.
Full textCette these essaie de trouver les voies et moyens susceptibles de contribuer a l amelioration et au renforcement de la supervision bancaire au Congo, et in fine [le secteur bancaire etant le plus important du systeme financier] permettre l eclosion d un systeme financier moderne et efficace qui rencontre les normes internationales.
Dans une premiere etape qui consiste en un etat des lieux du systeme financier congolais et en une analyse critique de la gestion bancaire ( chapitre 1 et chapitre 2 ); les analyses :
- ressortent les caracteristiques du systeme financier congolais ;
- soulignent les contraintes structurelles ayant entrave trois decennies de gestion bancaire ;
- evaluent les chances de succes des reformes mises en oeuvre par les autorites;
- proposent en des termes generaux, les ameliorations a porter au cadre reglementaire et de supervision du secteur bancaire afin de reduire les imperfections, de renforcer l efficacite et la stabilite du systeme dans son ensemble.
Dans une seconde etape, un menu plus restreint de propositions faites au terme de l etat des lieux du systeme financier et de l analyse critique de la gestion bancaire est passe en revue. Les contributions de la these dans cette etape consistent :
- en la proposition d outils concrets de supervision bancaire pour faire face a la carence d outils de gestion prudentielle preventive ;(chapitre 3)
- en recommandations pour ameliorer :la politique de provisionnement des creances et le fonctionnement des institutions de microfinance ;( chapitre 4)
- a degager dans une demarche d analyse strategique, les pistes susceptibles de contribuer a l amelioration de la sante et la solidite du systeme financier congolais apres evaluation prealable de sa competitivite (chapitre 5)
SUMMARY
The construction of an healthy and competitive financial system able to mobilize high levels of saving and the improvement of the standards of banking and financial supervision to ensure the stability of the system are two of the recommendations often made by international institutions to help African countries to take part in the expansion of world prosperity and to profit from the globalization of financial services.
This thesis tries to find the ways to contribute to the improvement and the reinforcement of the banking supervision in Congo, and in fine [ the banking environment being most significant of the financial system ] to allow the blossoming of a modern and effective financial system which meets international standards.
In a first stage which consists in an overview of the Congolese financial system and in a critical analysis of the banking management ( chapter 1 & chapter 2) ;our analyses :
- release the characteristics of the Congolese financial system ;
- underline the structural constraints having blocked three decades of banking management ;
- evaluate the chances of success of the reforms implemented by the authorities ;
- propose in general terms, the improvements to be carried in order to reduce the imperfections of the banking supervision, to reinforce the effectiveness and the stability of the banking system.
In the second stage, a more restricted menu of proposals made at the end of the first stage is reviewed. The contributions of the thesis in this stage consist:
- in the proposal of concrete tools for banking supervision to face the deficiency of preventive prudential management tools; ( chapter 3)
- in recommendations to improve :the policy of provisioning bad debts and the management of Microfinance institutions; (chapter 4)
- in an evaluation of the competitiveness of the Congolese financial system and in the identification of ways which can contribute to the improvement of its safety and solidity by using a strategic analysis approach. ( chapter 5)
Doctorat en sciences de gestion
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Ndouna, Paul. "L'homme et la société dans les contes et dans la littérature congolaise d'expression française." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040066.
Full textThe present study entitled «man and society in the tales and Congolese literature written in French" is built on the basic of thematic work. This subject has been chosen to show the evolution of a society and the expression of its soul though literary work. We noticed two existing features of the Congolese soul; the instinct of domination of central government and the reference to revolt by the people to establish social development. Symbolical characters of youth and of the woman, the pair lion hare show pertinently the cultural basis of the Congolese soul