Academic literature on the topic 'Manic-depressive psychosis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Manic-depressive psychosis"
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Gerada, Clare, and Adrianne Reveley. "Schizophreniform Psychosis Associated with the Menstrual Cycle." British Journal of Psychiatry 152, no. 5 (May 1988): 700–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.152.5.700.
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The premenstrual and menstrual periods are associated with increased psychiatric disturbances, both of a psychotic and neurotic nature. Pre-existing psychosis can worsen in the premenstrual period, or, as we describe in the following case report, a psychosis can occur in the premenstrual period with complete remission once the bleeding has ceased. The role of menstruation in the timing and pathogenesis of the major psychoses is largely ignored in present-day psychiatry. In the nineteenth century, however, psychosis coincident with menstruation was thought to merit its own special term (Menstruationpsychose), and Kraepelin himself described the importance of the association (Kraepelin, 1909). In contrast, premenstrual tension has been the subject of continuous interest since the term was first used by Frank (1931), and there have been cases described of premenstrual tension in association with psychosis. Williams & Weeks (1952), for example, reported on 16 cases where the psychosis was characteristic of mania or catatonic schizophrenia, and more recently, Price & DiMarzio (1986) found that 60% of a group of rapidly cycling manic-depressive psychotics suffered from severe premenstrual tension. Psychosis associated with the menstrual cycle without concomitant symptoms of premenstrual tension has also been described. Lingjaerde & Bredland (1954) presented a case of a 24-year-old woman who developed a manic–depressive (manic-type) psychosis synchronous with her menstrual cycle, after childbirth. A Japanese cohort of patients diagnosed as suffering from “periodic psychosis” (Wakoh et al, 1960) showed significant correlation between acute psychosis and the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The premenstrual period is also known to exacerbate pre-existing psychosis; Ota et al (1954) and Gregory (1957) have shown a significant increase in psychotic behaviour in the last 10 days of the menstrual cycle. We present a patient with a schizophreniform psychosis occurring irregularly but concomitant with her menstrual cycle, with total remission during the interval stage.
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Saugstad, Letten F. "Age at Puberty and Mental Illness." British Journal of Psychiatry 155, no. 4 (October 1989): 536–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.155.4.536.
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The hypothesis of a neurodevelopmental aetiology of manic-depressive psychosis and schizophrenia is based on the relation between onset of puberty and the final regressive events in the central nervous system (elimination of 40% of neuronal synapses), and the discrepancy in body build in the two disorders which is similar to that between early- and late-maturing individuals. The marked rise in manic–depressive psychoses and decline in schizophrenia, particularly the non-paranoid categories, accompanying the decline in mean pubertal age by some four years during the past hundred years are taken as evidence that manic–depressive psychosis affects early maturers and schizophrenia particularly affects late maturers. Gender differences and social differentials accord with this theory. Redundancy of neuronal synapses characterises manic-depressive psychosis, and reduced density of synapses is a characteristic of schizophrenia, whereas ‘normality’, with optimal synaptic density, is in between.
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Goodwin, G. M., D. A. W. Johnson, and R. G. McCreadie. "Comments on the Northwick Park ‘Functional’ Psychosis Study." British Journal of Psychiatry 154, no. 3 (March 1989): 406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.154.3.406.
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“Functional psychosis is conventionally subdivided into schizophrenia and manic depressive psychosis. Response to treatment is assumed to be a validating criterion for these diagnoses. The efficacy of pimozide (a dopamine antagonist neuroleptic), lithium, and a combination of the two was compared with that of placebo in a 4-week trial in 120 functionally psychotic patients, each of whom was assessed for psychotic symptoms, manic symptoms, and depressive symptoms. The sample was subdivided into patients with predominantly elevated mood, predominantly depressed mood, and no consistent mood change. Pimozide reduced psychotic symptoms in all groups of patients. The only significant effect of lithium was to reduce elevated mood. Thus dopamine blockade seems relevant to the resolution of psychotic symptoms in all types of ‘functional’ psychosis, but the mode of action of lithium in psychotic patients concerns only mood. Application of standardised classifications of functional psychosis to these data did not change this conclusion.”
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McCURDY, JOLE CAPPIELLO. "Manic-Depressive Psychosis?A Perspective:." Journal of Analytical Psychology 32, no. 4 (October 1987): 309–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1987.00309.x.
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Perry, Alison, Nicholas Tarrier, and Richard Morriss. "Identification of Prodromal Signs and Symptoms and Early Intervention in Manic Depressive Psychosis Patients: A Case Example." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 23, no. 4 (October 1995): 399–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465800016507.
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Recent research has revealed that relapse in manic depressive psychosis and schizophrenia is preceded by specific prodromal signs and symptoms that include dysphoria, other non-psychotic symptoms and features unique to individual patients. Treatment studies in schizophrenia have shown that early pharmacological intervention during a prodromal phase of psychotic relapse may be effective in the prevention of hospitalization. This paper describes the procedure of prodromal signs identification in manic depressive psychosis and the negotiation of an appropriate plan of action with the mental health services in order to abort the relapse or reduce its severity through early pharmacological intervention. A case example is presented to demonstrate this approach.
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Reid, A. H., A. J. G. Swanson, A. S. Jain, G. Spowart, and A. F. Wright. "Manic Depressive Psychosis with Mental Retardation and Flexion Deformities." British Journal of Psychiatry 150, no. 1 (January 1987): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.150.1.92.
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Five mentally handicapped patients are described in whom a bipolar manic depressive psychosis was associated with flexion deformities, involving principally the fingers. The effect of increasing degrees of retardation on the clinical presentation of the affective psychosis is discussed. Surgical treatment of the flexion deformity brought about considerable improvement in one patient. These five patients were further investigated cytogenetically using high resolution banding techniques. The results obtained were interesting but inconclusive. There would seem to be a definite place for further cytogenetic investigations of some of the more distinctive psychotic disorders using this technique.
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Hiremath, Rekha, Naseema Begum, S. D. Desai, and Anand Mugadlimath. "Dermatoglyphic Analysis in Indian Subjects with Manic Depressive Psychosis: A Prospective Study." Indian Journal of Anatomy 7, no. 4 (2018): 407–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ija.2320.0022.7418.10.
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FEARON, PAUL, JAMES B. KIRKBRIDE, CRAIG MORGAN, PAOLA DAZZAN, KEVIN MORGAN, TUHINA LLOYD, GERARD HUTCHINSON, et al. "Incidence of schizophrenia and other psychoses in ethnic minority groups: results from the MRC AESOP Study." Psychological Medicine 36, no. 11 (August 29, 2006): 1541–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706008774.
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Background. The incidence of schizophrenia in the African-Caribbean population in England is reported to be raised. We sought to clarify whether (a) the rates of other psychotic disorders are increased, (b) whether psychosis is increased in other ethnic minority groups, and (c) whether particular age or gender groups are especially at risk.Method. We identified all people (n=568) aged 16–64 years presenting to secondary services with their first psychotic symptoms in three well-defined English areas (over a 2-year period in Southeast London and Nottingham and a 9-month period in Bristol). Standardized incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRR) for all major psychosis syndromes for all main ethnic groups were calculated.Results. We found remarkably high IRRs for both schizophrenia and manic psychosis in both African-Caribbeans (schizophrenia 9·1, manic psychosis 8·0) and Black Africans (schizophrenia 5·8, manic psychosis 6·2) in men and women. IRRs in other ethnic minority groups were modestly increased as were rates for depressive psychosis and other psychoses in all minority groups. These raised rates were evident in all age groups in our study.Conclusions. Ethnic minority groups are at increased risk for all psychotic illnesses but African-Caribbeans and Black Africans appear to be at especially high risk for both schizophrenia and mania. These findings suggest that (a) either additional risk factors are operating in African-Caribbeans and Black Africans or that these factors are particularly prevalent in these groups, and that (b) such factors increase risk for schizophrenia and mania in these groups.
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Penney, M. D., M. J. Levell, and R. P. Hullin. "Arginine vasopressin in manic-depressive psychosis." Psychological Medicine 17, no. 4 (November 1987): 861–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700000659.
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SynopsisUrinary excretions of arginine vasopressin (AVP), sodium, potassium, osmoles and creatinine were measured in three in-patients with bipolar manic-depressive psychosis on at least eight 24-hour periods in each affective phase. Mood and body weight were recorded twice daily. The excretion by each patient of sodium, water and osmoles was greater in mania than during depression. Comparison of electrolytes and osmoles suggested that the increase was due to increased intake of salt and water rather than of total diet. There was a fall of mean AVP excretion during mania, the magnitude of the fall being related to the increase of water throughput.Compared with controls, AVP excretion was high and variable. It did not show the normal relationship to urine osmolality. Days with very high AVP were not associated with any characteristic feature of the other measurements; nor were they confined to any one point in the manic-depressive cycle.AVP does not appear to play a major role in the salt and water changes characteristic of manicdepressive psychosis and we have no evidence of its having any direct relationship to mood changes. We suggest that the observed abnormalities of AVP excretion are another manifestation of the central defect of this disease.
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Weeke, A. "Cardiovascular death and manic-depressive psychosis." Journal of Affective Disorders 13, no. 3 (December 1987): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-0327(87)90049-8.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Manic-depressive psychosis"
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Antia, Irina J. "The turnover of sodium/potassium pumps in human lymphocytes during upregulation in response to lithium." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297074.
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Barker, P. "An evaluation of specific nursing interventions in the management of patients suffering from manic depressive psychosis." Thesis, University of Abertay Dundee, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379630.
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This study examined the effect of three different nursing interventions in the management of women diagnosed as suffering from manic depressive psychosis. The thesis was presented in three parts. In Part One, an examination was made of the role of the nurse in caring for patients suffering from affective disorder in general. Four sub-studies were used to define the construct `routine nursing care'. These comprised: a critical appraisal of (1) the training and (2) the examination of Scottish nursing students; Scottish nurses' perceptions of their role in caring for, (3) patients with manic depresssive psychosis and (4) patients with affective disorder in general. These sub-studies suggested that psychiatric nurses were trained to offer a general, supportive, pattern of care to all patients suffering from affective disorder. No clear difference was found between the role perceptions of nurses caring for `depressed' patients in general, and those caring for manic depressive patients in particular. In Part Two, a further sub-study (5) examined a specific psychological construct, locus of control, within the context of women diagnosed as manic depressive psychosis, in remission. This study suggested that women with a history of depression-only, differed from a normative sample on one scale, with both depression-only and mania and depression subjects differing from each other, and from the normative sample on a second locus of control scale. In a final sub-study (6) a new locus of control scale was developed to measure the patient's expectations of her capacity to influence her status as a sufferer from affective disorder. Sub-studies 5 and 6 suggested the possible role played by the locus of control construct, as a mediating factor in the precipitation and maintenance of major affective disorder. In Part Three, the main (experimental) study compared the effect of three discrete nursing interventions, Routine Nursing Care, Self Evaluation and Modified Cognitive Therapy, on measures of four dependent variables characteristic of depression, and satisfaction with care and treatment. The results suggested that, despite the absence of significant between-group differences on all measures of the dependent variables, the Modified Cognitive Therapy intervention showed more clinically significant changes on three of the clinical variables, and that subjects in the MCT group become more internalised on the locus of control measure. This, suggests that the MCT group subjects' view of their capacity to control external sources of reinforcement, might have increased as a function of exposure to the training in self-management inherent in the MCT intervention. The implications of these findings for psychiatric nursing education and practice are discussed.
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Banks, Rosamonde Elizabeth. "An investigation using cultured human cell lines, of the involvement of vanadium, cation transport and phosphatidylinositol in the aetiology of bipolar manic-depressive psychosis." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6426.
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The symptoms, classification, occurrence and possible aetiologies of bipolar manic-depressive psychosis have been reviewed, with particular emphasis on the possible role of the vanadate ion (V5+) and cation transport in the illness. The effect of vanadate on cation transport in intact cells has been determined using the well-characterised HeLa cell line. Cation transport in virally transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines from 13 bipolar manic-depressive patients and 13 control subjects has been examined, under normal conditions and after treatment (24 hours) with lithium, ouabain or vanadate. The phosphatidylinositol system has also been examined in these cell lines, in view of the therapeutic effect of lithium, and its known inhibitory actions on inositol I-phosphatase. In HeLa cells, no effects of vanadate on cation transport were seen until concentrations greater than 3.2 x 10- 6 M. This was attributed to the intracellular reduction of V5+ to V4+ shown to occur using ESR. Similar decreases were seen in all the K+ influx pathways, with maximum decreases of approximately 30% at 10-4M vanadate extracellularly. Significant toxicity was also seen at these concentrations, with a maximum decrease in cell number of 40% at 10-4M vanadate. No change in the energy charge was seen and changes in ATP levels occurred subsequently to the changes in cell number, with a decrease of 40% at 10-4M vanadate. Using the lymphoblastoid cell lines, no significant differences were seen in any of the cation transport parameters examined, with the exception of mean sodium pump number which was 30% greater in the bipolar group compared with the control group. Lithium or vanadate treatment produced either no effect or inconsistent changes in cation transport. Ouabain treatment produced similar decreases in sodium pump number in both groups. Inositol uptake was similar in both groups, but the percentage incorporation into phosphoinositides was reduced in bipolar cell lines compared with controls.
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Kwan, Hiu-fai, and 關曉暉. "Bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia with first-episode psychosis : baseline and outcome study in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/192964.
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Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the differences in baseline characteristics and three-year outcomes between two diagnostic categories with presentation of first-episode psychosis: bipolar affective disorder (mania with psychotic features) and schizophrenia. The comparison was based on pre-treatment characteristics, clinical presentation, symptomatic and functional outcomes, and engagement in risk behaviours.
Methods:461 schizophrenic patients and 54 bipolar affective disorder (BAD) patients between the ages of 15 to 25 years from a local first-episode psychosis treatment program within the years2001 to 2003 were studied. Researchers collected detailed data on baseline and three-year follow up variables from systematic medical file review for statistical analyses.
Results: At service entry, compared to schizophrenic patients, bipolar affective disorder(BAD)patients exhibited more prominent positive symptoms (p = 0.01), were younger at first presentation and had a higher unemployment rate (p < 0.01), were more likely to have acute onset of psychosis, shorter duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), a higher rate of hospital admission within first month after initial contact, and lower pre-treatment functioning (Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in gender, education level, age of onset and pre-treatment risk taking behaviours. After applying univariate analysis of variance (ANCOVA)by controlling baseline variables that showed significant differences, the three year follow up reveals that schizophrenic patients displayed fewer numbers of hospitalization (p <0.01)with no difference in the total length (days) of hospitalization, more prominent positive symptoms(p < 0.01), poorer functioning at year 3 (p <0.05), and consistently significant lower employment rate at 12 month (p < 0.001), 24 month (p < 0.001) and 36 month (p < 0.01). Finally, more schizophrenic patients received social benefits (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The outstanding baseline poorer functioning level of bipolar affective disorder patients have progressively made a modest improvement in functional outcomes at the end of three-year follow up. BAD patients also displayed a marked improvement with fewer positive symptoms in the follow up. The results suggest a differentiation in symptomatology and the course of illness between bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia with first-episode psychosis. In coherence with other scholastic literature, duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) associates with remission(Crumlish et al., 2009;Chang et al., 2012a), positive symptoms(Barnes et.al., 2008; Chang et.al., 2012b; Clarke et al., 2006; Crumlish et.al., 2009;), and functional outcomes(Barnes et al., 2008; Chang et al., 2012b; Clarke et.al., 2006; Crumlish et.al, 2009; Fusar-Poli et al., 2009). Moreover, further exploration about the diagnostic-specific therapeutic window for early intervention, symptoms management, and rehabilitation strategies in occupational training are in demand.published_or_final_version
Psychological Medicine
Master
Master of Psychological Medicine
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Bergeron, Marie-Josée. "Étude généalogique de la schizophrénie et de la psychose maniaco-dépressive dans la région de la Beauce /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2001. http://theses.uqac.ca.
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Bennett, Charles B. "Independence of Mania and Depression across 4 Years in Bipolar Disorder." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505184/.
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If mania and depression are part of the same pathological processes, one would predict that episodes of one prospectively increase the odds of episodes of the other. The aim of the present study was to test this hypothesis. For comparison purposes, their relationship was contrasted to the relationship between mania and periods of psychosis. Exploratory analyses also tested the degree to which episodes of each occur with greater frequency over time (i.e., kindling). Participants for the present study came from the Suffolk County Mental Health Project (N = 628), a study of first-admission patients with psychosis. Of these participants, 144 met diagnostic criteria for bipolar I disorder and were analyzed for the current study. Results indicated that mania in a given month predicted depression the following month, even after controlling for other symptoms. The reverse, however, was not the case. Mania and psychosis, in contrast, were found to be robust predictors of one another from month to month. Effects were not due to treatment or demographic differences. These findings provide evidence that mania and depression are weakly related. In contrast, mania and psychosis are more closely linked. Findings are consistent with suggestions that psychiatric nosology regroup mania more closely with thought disorders rather than with internalizing or depressive ones. They also alert clinicians to the strong, longitudinal persistence and comorbidity among these syndromes.
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Goikolea, Alberdi José Manuel. "Propiedades reguladoras del humor de los antipsicóticos atípicos en los episodios afectivos del trastorno bipolar." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/107704.
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La aparición de los antipsicóticos atípicos o de segunda generación ha supuesto un gran cambio en el manejo de los pacientes con trastorno bipolar. Los ensayos controlados han demostrado la eficacia de prácticamente todos los antipsicóticos atípicos en la manía aguda. Además, la mayor parte de ellos disponen de datos positivos para el tratamiento de mantenimiento del trastorno bipolar, lo que sugiere propiedades normotímicas. E incluso algunos de ellos han mostrado datos positivos en la depresión bipolar. Sin embargo, apenas existen estudios independientes comparando la acción de los atípicos con la de los clásicos, mas allá del uso de haloperidol como comparador activo en algunos estudios de manía aguda.
En este contexto, esta tesis tiene como objetivo evaluar el comportamiento de los antipsicóticos atípicos en las fases de manía aguda y depresión, en comparación con el de los antipsicóticos clásicos (haloperidol) y placebo respectivamente, para testar las posibles propiedades normoreguladoras en los episodios agudos.
Se utilizaron para ello las técnicas de metanálisis, estructurándose la tesis en dos metanálisis separados. El primero en manía aguda, comparando antipsicóticos atípicos con antipsicóticos clásicos. Dentro de este metanálisis se escogieron dos variables principales: la velocidad de inicio de acción, operativizada como la disminución en la puntuación en la escala de manía a la primera semana, y el viraje depresivo. En los dos casos, se trata de variables de interés clínico, escasamente estudiadas hasta la actualidad, y que señalan el perfil de acción de los fármacos. En segundo lugar, se llevó a cabo un segundo metanálisis comparando la acción de los antipsicóticos atípicos con la del placebo (no existían estudios comparativos con antipsicóticos clásicos) en depresión bipolar.
Los resultados de la primera variable del metanálisis en manía aguda, que dan lugar al primer artículo de esta tesis, confirman que el haloperidol muestra un inicio de acción más rápido que los antipsicóticos atípicos. El tamaño del efecto fue pequeño (SMD = 0,17 [0,01 - 0,32] tal como cabria esperar entre dos grupos de eficacia demostrada. Sin embargo, este resultado sugiere que el haloperidol puede seguir siendo un tratamiento de primera línea en la manía aguda en casos graves en los que se requiere una mejoría sintomática urgente, siempre y cuando el riesgo de efectos adversos extrapiramidales y de viraje depresivo sea bajo.
El segundo artículo de la tesis analiza las diferencias en el riesgo de viraje depresivo tras el tratamiento de la manía aguda con antipsicóticos atípicos en comparación con haloperidol. El resultado del metanálisis es que los atípicos conllevan un 42% menos de riesgo de viraje que el haloperidol. No obstante, se observa heterogeneidad en este análisis y las diferencias entre grupos son atribuibles especialmente a la acción de tres de los atípicos: olanzapina, quetiapina, y ziprasidona.
El segundo metanalisis, que da lugar al tercer lugar de la tesis, observa que existe un efecto positivo en la depresión bipolar, en comparacion con placebo, pero que solo es atribuible a algunos de los antipsicóticos atípicos, concretamente, a la olanzapina y la quetiapina. De modo que se concluye que no se trata de un efecto de clase de la familia.
Analizando los resultados de los dos metanálisis en conjunto se observa que se puede establecerse un gradiente en función de la afinidad por el receptor dopaminergico D2, modulado por la acción sobre otros receptores, en el que la mayor afinidad y selectividad antiD2 supondría mayor potencia antimaníaca, inicio de acción antimaníaca más rápido, mayor riesgo de viraje depresivo, e ineficacia y/o agravamiento de la depresión bipolar. Haloperidol se situaría en el extremo izquierdo del gradiente y se propone la siguiente ubicación para los antipsicóticos atípicos: Risperidona – Aripiprazol – Ziprasidona – Olanzapina – Quetiapina. Además, este gradiente coincide con el de los valores del Índice de Polaridad obtenidos en los estudios de prevención de recurrencias con los antipsicóticos atípicos, de lo que se desprende que los efectos en los episodios agudos tiende a perdurar durante el tratamiento de mantenimiento.Introduction of atypical antipsychotics has involved a great change in the management of bipolar disorder during last decade. Not only they show efficacy in mania, but also for recurrence prevention, and some of them have also been shown to work in bipolar depression. However, comparisons with classical neuroleptics to assess advantages and disadvantages are scarce. In this context, the goal of this thesis was to assess the behavior of atypical antipsichotics in the acute phases of mania and depression, compared to classical antipsychotics in the former and with placebo in the latter, and study their possible normothymic properties. Metanalysis techniques were used. The thesis was structured in two different metanalysis. The first one in acute mania, comparing atypical and classical antipyschotics. Two different outcomes were assessed: speed of onset of action and switch to depression. The second metanalysis studied the efficacy of atypical antipsychotics in bipolar depression versus placebo. The first article of the thesis shows that haloperidol has a faster onset of action than atypical antipsychotics in acute mania. The size of the effect was small (SMD = 0,17 [0,01 - 0,32] but could still be clinically significant in the subset of severe manic patients who require an urgent relief of symtpoms. On the other hand, as it is shown in the second paper of the thesis, treatment with atypicals involves a 42% reduction in the risk of switch to depression compared to haloperidol. However, heterogeneity was present which could be due to differences in the group of atypicals, as three of them (olanzapine, quetiapine, and ziprasidone) could explain the effect. The third article, corresponding to the second metanálisis, shows only some atypicals, namely olanzapine and quetiapine, are efficacious in bipolar depression. Therefore, there is no class effect. A global view of both metanalysis shows that dopaminergic D2 affinity is likely to be the most important factor over the different profile of antipsychotics, with lower affinity involving more clear normothymic actions.
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Pinacho, Garcia Raquel. "SP Transcription factors in psychotic disorders." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/327025.
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Psychotic disorders including bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are a leading cause of disability across the world but the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Available treatments are inadequate for some sets of symptoms as is the case for negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Alterations in brain connectivity, synaptic plasticity, N-methyl D aspartate receptor (NMDAR) signalling and calcium homeostasis have been suggested to contribute to these disorders. However, the particular transcriptional programmes altered in these disorders are not fully characterised. Previous data suggested that the transcription factors specificity protein 4 (SP4) and SP1 may be involved in the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders. We hypothesized that the expression and/or function of SP4 and SP1 may be altered in psychotic disorders through the regulation of transcriptional programmes involved in neuronal patterning, synaptic plasticity and glutamate signalling. In this doctoral Thesis we aimed to characterise the contribution of SP4 and SP1 transcription factors to the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders. By using real time quantitative RT-PCR and/or immunoblot techniques, we analysed the expression of SP factors, of SP4 S770 phosphorylation and/or of selected SP-regulated gene targets in at least one of the following substrates: (i) rat cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs), (ii) the postmortem brains of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and control subjects, (iii) peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PMBC) of first-episode psychosis, and (iv) the rodent hippocampus after NMDAR blockade and antipsychotic treatment.
We found that membrane depolarisation regulates SP4 protein levels in CGNs by preventing SP4 degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasoma pathway and that lithium prevents SP4 degradation and increases SP1 gene expression in non-depolarising conditions. In postmortem human tissue, we found a reduction in protein but not mRNA expression of SP4 and SP1 in the cerebellum in subjects with bipolar disorder and in subjects with more severe negative symptoms in schizophrenia. We have also found reduced expression of protein and mRNA levels of SP4 in the prefrontal cortex in bipolar disorder and of SP1 in the same region in schizophrenia, suggesting a disorder-specific regulation in this area. In contrast, both SP4 and SP1 protein and mRNA levels were increased in the hippocampus in schizophrenia. Consistent with this, we also observed an increase of SP1 and SP4 protein levels in the hippocampus of a mouse model of psychosis, but not in the hippocampus of a rat model of chronic antipsychotic treatment, suggesting that this upregulation may be present from the early stages of psychosis.
We further characterised the phosphorylation of SP4 at serine 770 (S770), which is regulated by membrane depolarisation and NMDAR activity. We found an increase of SP4 S770 phosphorylation in conditions where SP4 protein levels are reduced, namely in the cerebellum of bipolar disorder and of schizophrenia patients with more severe negative symptoms, as well as in PMBC in first-episode psychotic patients. These results suggest that an imbalance in SP4 abundance may be regulated by NMDAR-dependent SP4 phosphorylation in the brain. Moreover, we found that reduced expression of NR2A and DRD2 in the cerebellum of schizophrenia patients correlated with more severe negative symptoms and SP protein levels. Additionally, we show here evidence for an imbalance in the SP4-NWK2-NR1 pathway in the cerebellum of patients with bipolar disorder. This pathway is involved in NR1 subunit availability on the cell surface, suggesting that SP4 could contribute to altered NR1 receptor trafficking in psychotic disorders.
Together, the results presented in this Thesis suggest an imbalance in SP4 and SP1 transcription factors in the brains of patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia that may contribute to alterations in NMDAR receptor signalling and thereby to the impaired synaptic plasticity and altered brain connectivity observed in psychotic disorders.
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Morgan, Kylie A., University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, and School of Communication Arts. "Music therapy in the management of acute psychosis." 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/16371.
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The management of acute psychosis is a constant challenge to the health care system, with only a limited amount of research providing data for allied health care practitioners. Despite anecdotal data indicating that music therapy may be an effective intervention, there have been few studies to date which provide any rigorous empirical evidence. This project aimed to test several hypotheses. The study has shown that music therapy is a valuable therapeutic adjunct to standard ward programs for the management of an acute psychotic episode resulting in shorter hospital stays, considerable cost savings and significant improvement in symptomatology as judged by the standardized measures employed. In addition, EFG testing while listening to self-chosen music demonstrated a reduction in dysfunctional brain wave activity. This project has highlighted the importance of music therapy in allied mental health care and opens up the need for further research into the management of such a large disease burden in Australia.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Hwa, Wang Bi, and 王碧華. "A Study of the Relationships Among Locus of Control，Lithium Attitudes，Social Support，Coping Behaviors and Lithium Compliance in Manic-Depressive Psychotic Outpatients." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62490484767288465313.
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碩士長庚大學
護理學研究所
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The purpose of this study was to find out the relationships among personal attributes, locus of control, lithium attitudes, social support, coping behaviors, and lithium compliance in manic-depressive psychotic outpatients. Promin Subjects were selected by purposive sampling from the MDP outpatients who were treated with lithium for more than one year in an Adult Psychiatric Clinic of Taipei City Psychiatric Center. One The study results revealed : 1. The number of case compliance: Of all cases,41 outpatients''s behaviors were conformable to the standards of patient''s self- report, chart review, and lithium serum level. In patient''s self-report, 69 outpatients were compliant. In chart review, 84 out 2.Correlation: Sex, time period of taking lithium, and social class are significant correlative to lithium compliance."Powerful locus of control" is conformable to lithium compliance stan 3.Analysis of prominent variables which affect lithium compliance: (1)Lithium compliance conformable to patient''s self-report, chart review, and lithium serum level as dependant variables :To one whose locus of control is inclined to "powerful locus of control," the lithium compliance is 0.86 times over one with other (2)The compliance in keeping with patient''s self-report as dependant variables : To one who highly worries about "secondary stress," the lithium compliance is 0.94 times over others. (3)The compliance in keeping with chart review as dependant variables : To one whose attitude of "prepared action" is nice, his/her lithium compliance is 1.25 times over one with poor attitude. To one who responds to secondery stress "free and easy," th
Books on the topic "Manic-depressive psychosis"
1
Goodwin, Frederick K. Manic-depressive illness. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
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R, Jamison Kay, ed. Manic-depressive illness. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
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Goodwin, Frederick K. Manic-depressive illness. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
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Martin, Emily. Bipolar expeditions: Mania and depression in American culture. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007.
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Supprian, Ulrich. Ordnung und Psychose. Hamburg: R. Krämer, 1988.
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Supprian, Ulrich. Zeit und Psychose: Studien zur inneren Ablaufsgestalt des Manisch-Depressiven. Hamburg: R. Krämer, 1992.
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Theriault, Charles. Les hauts et les bas de la maniaco-depression. Montreal: Lemeac, 1994.
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Papolos, Demitri F. Overcoming depression. 3rd ed. New York, N.Y: HaperPerennial, 1997.
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Janice, Papolos, ed. Overcoming depression. 3rd ed. New York, NY: HarperCollins / HarperPerennial, 1997.
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Janice, Papolos, ed. Overcoming depression. New York: HarperPerennial, 1992.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Manic-depressive psychosis"
1
Rose, Michael. "Manic-Depressive Psychosis." In When Doctors Get Sick, 159–68. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2001-0_21.
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Brennan, Michael J. W., Reuven Sandyk, and David Borsook. "Efficacy of Valproate in Manic-Depressive Psychosis: Mechanism of Action and Implications for Pathophysiology." In Psychiatry the State of the Art, 459–65. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2363-1_72.
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"Manic‐Depressive Psychosis." In Encyclopedia of Public Health, 884. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5614-7_2055.
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Jackson, Murray, James S. Grotstein, and Paul Williams. "Manic-depressive psychosis: "Harry"." In Weathering the Storms, 235–54. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429484773-16.
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Leader, Darian. "The Specificity of Manic-Depressive Psychosis." In Lacan On Madness, 127–38. Routledge, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315742755-10.
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Moran, Patricia. "Epilogue: Composing a Self." In Antonia White and Manic-Depressive Illness. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474418218.003.0006.
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The epilogue briefly considers White’s abortive attempts to compose a fifth novel that would depict her protagonist’s life after her incarceration for psychosis. It suggests that White’s inability to do so in part resulted from her reluctance to expose herself and her father to public censure. It also suggests that White’s misreading of her illness as the result of her relationship with her father played a key role in shaping the plotline of the novel she finally could not finish. It summarises the ongoing problems White encountered in her later life as the result of ongoing chronic illness. It concludes that the frost that blighted White’s life and shrivelled her confidence in her writing was the illness that threatened to leave her stranded, alone and insane, in an unknown, terrifying world.
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Fink MD, Max. "Manic Mood Disorders." In Electroconvulsive Therapy. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195365740.003.0010.
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Patients suffering from mania are overactive, intrusive, excited, and belligerent. They may believe that they have special powers, are related to public figures, and can read the minds of others. They spend money lavishly. Voices on the radio or television are sometimes understood as personal communications. They speak rapidly, with illogical and confused thoughts, move constantly, and write page after page of nonsense. They typically sleep and eat poorly, have little interest in work, friends, or family, and often require restraint or seclusion. Suicide is a perpetual threat. Some manic patients are likable, while others are angry and frightening. Psychosis is a frequent feature. Manic patients believe that their parents are not their real parents, asserting that they have royal blood. They believe that they can predict the future. They know that others are watching or talking about them, and they hear voices when no one is present. Delusional mania requires more intensive treatment and almost always hospital care. In older classifications of psychiatric illnesses, these patients were considered to be suffering from a manic-depressive illness. In modern classification, this term has been discarded and the illness is now conceived as bipolar disorder for patients with manic and depressive features and major depression for those with depressive symptoms only. Bipolar disorders, ranging from mild to severe, are divided into numerous subtypes. The variety of symptoms that admit the diagnosis of bipolar disorder has led to a virtual epidemic of diagnoses of the condition. Many patients so labeled do not exhibit the sleep difficulty, loss of appetite, and loss of weight, or the severity of illness, that were the criteria for manic-depressive illness. In manic-depressive illness, the manic episode persists for hours, days, weeks, or months and interferes with normal living. Once the episode resolves, it may suddenly recur; or manic episodes may alternate with periods of depression, or occur as simultaneous mixed episodes of depression and mania. When the shift in mood from mania to depression takes place within one or a few days, the condition is labeled rapid cycling, a particularly malignant form of the illness. In manic-depressive illness, the manic episode persists for hours, days, weeks, or months and interferes with normal living.
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"Psychosis and Autism: Schizophrenic, Perverse and Manic-Depressive States During Psychotherapy." In Psychotic States in Children, 197–219. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429479342-21.
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Brockington, Ian. "The psychoses of childbearing." In Perinatal Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199676859.003.0006.
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It is 50 years since the late Ralph Paffenbarger (1961) wrote a famous article on ‘the picture puzzle of postpartum psychosis. In order to solve this puzzle, it is necessary to clarify the term ‘postpartum psychosis’. One must first exclude a wide variety of disorders, occurring after childbirth, which are not ‘psychoses’. This may seem obvious, but, at one time, some psychoanalysts included disorders of the mother-infant relationship under ‘postpartum schizophrenia’ (Zilboorg 1929). One must then draw a clear boundary between organic and non-organic psychoses. The birth process is so complex, and has so many complications, that there are (depending on definition) 15–18 distinct organic psychoses occurring in pregnancy, parturition or the puerperium (Brockington 2006). Nineteenth century alienists found it difficult to distinguish these from puerperal mania, and this was not finally achieved until the work of Chaslin (1895) & Bonhöffer (1910) at the turn of the twentieth century. Even the most common of these organic psychoses—eclamptic psychosis and infective delirium—are now rare in Europe, North America, and Japan; but these nations, where most of the research is done, contribute less than 10% of the world’s births. In the rest of the world they may be important, and they may still interfere with epidemiological, genetic, and neuroscientific studies of non-organic psychoses. As for the non-organic psychoses, a few are psychogenic, but most have manic depressive features. The term ‘puerperal affective psychosis’, however, does not suffice, because there is an extensive literature on ‘atypical psychoses’, under names like hallucinatorische Irresein der Wochnerinnen (Furstner 1875), amentia, cycloid psychosis, and acute polymorphic psychosis. That is why some psychiatrists still claim that ‘puerperal psychosis’ is a specific disorder, with its own clinical features—those ‘specific features’ are the polymorphic symptoms found in ‘atypical psychoses’, and occur in women at other times, and in men. Ralph Paffenbarger’s ‘picture puzzle’, therefore, applies to the combined group of puerperal bipolar and acute polymorphic psychoses.
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"Why the cycle in a clinical psychosis? A psychoanalytic perspective on recurrent manic depressive psychosis." In The Psychotic Wavelength, 207–22. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315811833-25.
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