Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mangrove ecology

Academic literature on the topic 'Mangrove ecology'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 March 2023

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Journal articles on the topic "Mangrove ecology":

1

Tai, Akira, Akihiro Hashimoto, Takuya Oba, Kazuki Kawai, Kazuaki Otsuki, Hiromitsu Nagasaka, and Tomonori Saita. "Growth of Mangrove Forests and the Influence on Flood Disaster at Amami Oshima Island, Japan." Journal of Disaster Research 10, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 486–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2015.p0486.

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“Mangrove” is the generic name for plants growing on tropical and subtropical tidal flats. The mangrove is used for many things, including disaster protecting land from high waves and tides and tsunamis, cleaning rivers and drainage containing soil and sand, and providing a variety of organisms with living space. Climate change and rising sea levels are threatening the future of the mangrove. Developing effective ways to conserve mangroves is thus needed, but more must be known about how the mangrove’s ecology and how it develops. It has been pointed out, for example, that mangroves increased flooding by the Sumiyo River in Amami Oshima. We studied ways to develop the mangrove at the Sumiyo River mouth in Amami Oshima and its influence in local flooding, finding that the current mangrove forest had little influence on flooding and that sediment deposition accelerating in Sumiyo Bay due to a sea dike could enlarge the mangrove forest in future.
2

Raju Aluri, Jacob Solomon. "Reproductive Ecology of Mangrove Flora: Conservation and Management." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 133–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/trser-2013-0026.

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ABSTRACT Mangroves are dynamic and unique inter-tidal ecosystems, common in tropical and subtropical coastal environments. They are among the world’s most productive ecosystems and are important in protecting coasts from erosion by fierce tides, in promoting the diversity of marine organisms and fisheries by contributing a quantity of food and providing favourable habitats for animals. These economic uses of mangroves indicate that they play an important role in the lives and economies in the coastal regions of different countries. Mangrove forests are under immense threat worldwide due to their multiple economic uses and alterations of freshwater inflows by various upstream activities in catchment areas. Mangrove plants with unique adaptations play a crucial role in sustaining life in mangrove forests. Their reproductive biology is central to understanding the structural and functional components of mangrove forests. The success of sexual reproduction and subsequent population expansion in mangrove plants is linked to flowering timings, pollinators and tidal currents. Viviparous and cryptoviviparous plants are true mangroves while non-viviparous ones are mangrove associates. The dispersal propagule is seedling in viviparous and non-viviparous plants while it is seed in nonviviparous plants. In this study, viviparous and crypto-viviparous species were included for study. These species are self-compatible, self-pollinating and also cross-pollinating; such a breeding system is a requirement for the success of sexual reproduction and subsequent build up and expansion of population. They are entomophilous in the study region. The viviparous plants include Ceriops tagal, C. decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and B. cylindrica. The non-viviparous plants include Avicennia alba, A. marina, A. officinalis, Aegiceras corniculatum and Aegialitis rotundifolia. Sexual reproduction and regeneration events are annual in these plants and are dependent on local insects, tidal currents and nutrient content in estuarine environment. In recent times, erratic and insufficient rainfall together with industrial pollutants released into rivers is causing negative effects on the growth, development and regeneration of mangrove flora. In effect, there is a gradual decrease in mangrove cover. Added to this is continuous exploitation of mangrove plants for fuel wood, creation of shelters for cattle and changes for industrial establishments and aquaculture development in estuarine regions. As a consequence, the existing mangrove cover is struggling to survive and also not in a position to support local needs and provide livelihood opportunities through fishery resources. Further, reduced mangrove cover is showing catastrophic effects on fishing communities who live along the shore line during the period of cyclonic surges and tsunami events.
3

Padmakumar, Vidya, and Murugan S. "Mangrove ecology and species distribution along the Gorai Creek of Mumbai coast, Maharashtra, India." International Journal of Forest, Animal And Fisheries Research 6, no. 4 (2022): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijfaf.6.4.4.

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The extensive mangrove forest of Gorai Creek, Mumbai coast, has recently seen substantial deterioration. The results of a study on mangrove diversity conducted in Gorai Creek on the Mumbai coast from June 2017 to May 2018 are presented here. During the course of the study, twelve species of mangroves from five families and eight genera were identified in each of the three study locations along the creek. Avicennia marina accounted for 13.44% of the Gorai creek marshes, confirming its predominance. Sonneratia alba, Avicennia officinalis, Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera cylindrica, Kandelia candel, and Acanthus ilicifolius are among the mangrove species found in the estuarine embayment, with other species strewn around. A diverse range of species, including endangered migratory birds and herpetofauna, can be found in these mangrove environments. Mangroves have been observed to have narrowed in density with time, and it is critical to begin conservation efforts as speedily as humanly possible.
4

Payne, Nicholas Leslie, and Bronwyn May Gillanders. "Assemblages of fish along a mangrove - mudflat gradient in temperate Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 60, no. 1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08124.

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Mangroves are considered to support rich assemblages of fish and invertebrates. Fishes inhabiting mangrove habitats and at various distances from mangroves across mudflats were sampled to: (1) compare fish assemblages between habitats; and (2) determine the influence of mangrove proximity on fish abundance and diversity in three southern Australian estuaries between November 2005 and January 2006. Based on their distribution, fish species were classified as mangrove residents, mudflat residents, generalists or rare species. The assemblage structure of fish in mangroves differed from assemblages 500 m away; however, neither total abundance nor species richness differed significantly between mangroves and mudflats. Mangrove residents and Aldrichetta forsteri (yellow-eyed mullet) displayed strong associations with mangrove habitats, whereas mudflat residents were associated with mudflat habitats. No other fish groups or individual species occurred in higher abundances in either habitat. Total fish abundance, mangrove residents and A. forsteri were positively correlated with pneumatophore density, indicating that the structural complexity of the mangroves might influence the distributions of certain fish species. The current study demonstrated that mangrove habitats in temperate Australia support no greater abundance or diversity of fish than adjacent mudflat habitats and that mangrove proximity does not influence fish distribution at a habitat scale.
5

Schmitz, Hermes J., Paulo R. P. Hofmann, and Vera L. S. Valente. "Assemblages of drosophilids (Diptera, Drosophilidae) in mangrove forests: community ecology and species diversity." Iheringia. Série Zoologia 100, no. 2 (June 2010): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0073-47212010000200008.

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Brazilian fauna of drosophilids has been researched in various ecosystems, but those in mangrove forests remain overlooked in Brazil and elsewhere. The present study attempts to characterise the assemblages of drosophilids of this environment, based on 28 collections taken in three mangrove areas in Santa Catarina Island, southern Brazil. The three mangroves surveyed were different in their surroundings, which varied from highly urbanised areas to conservation areas with natural vegetation. Overall, 69 species were collected, and no remarkable difference was detected in species composition and abundances or in the richness, evenness and heterogeneity between sites. The species abundance distribution observed fitted to a theoretical lognormal distribution in the three mangroves. The species richness scored and the performance of the species richness estimators showed an unexpectedly high diversity, considering the very low floristic diversity and the harsh conditions of the environment. Regarding species composition and abundances, the drosophilid mangrove assemblages were shown to be more similar to those found in open environments, with a marked dominance of exotic species. Finally, considering the apparent lack of feeding and breeding sites, we suggest that mangrove forests are acting as sink habitats for the drosophilids populations.
6

PURWANTI, Pudji, Mochammad FATTAH, Vika Annisa QURRATA, and Bagus Shandy NARMADITYA. "AN INSTITUTIONAL REINFORCEMENT MODEL FOR THE PROTECTION OF MANGROVES SUSTAINABLE ECOTOURISM IN INDONESIA." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 35, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 471–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.35227-674.

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This study aims at examining the sustainability of mangrove ecotourism at Cengkrong Mangroves Ecotourism in Indonesia. A quantitative approach was adopted to capture the complexity of the phenomenon. The study was conducted in an area with most mangroves in Indonesia, including Cengkrong Ecotourism in Trenggalek, East Java. Sustainability is achieved when each stakeholder makes a positive contribution to others in ecology, economy, social, institutional and law enforcement, and technology. Using multi-dimensional scaling and Monte Carlo approach, the findings of this study indicate that Cengkrong mangrove ecotourism is classified as “sustainable” (76.20%). The highest dimension is ecology due to the minimum level of pollution in the area. Even Cengkrong beach mangrove is a tourist destination which is potentially polluted by the tourist; however, the area is not densely populated. Nevertheless, amongst the other indicator, social is the lowest (67.95%).
7

Lugo, Ariel E., Ernesto Medina, and Kathleen McGinley. "Issues and Challenges of Mangrove conservation in the Anthropocene." Madera y Bosques 20 (December 5, 2014): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21829/myb.2014.200146.

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This essay addresses the conservation issues facing mangroves in the Anthropocene, defined as the era of human domination over the world. We review the laws, policies, international agreements, and local actions that address the conservation of mangrove forests in the Neotropics and relate them to the Anthropocene. Collaboration between governments, non-governmental organizations, and communities that depend on mangroves for their livelihood will be critical in the Anthropocene. The essay also reviews recent developments in mangrove ecology and ecophysiology that enlighten how mangroves might respond to changes in temperature and rainfall, sea level rise, and other anthropogenic and natural disturbances. Mangroves in the Anthropocene will also face changes in their species composition given the current movement of mangroves species across continental barriers as a result of human activity. These trends will lead to novel mangrove forests and in some cases expand the range of mangroves worldwide. The solution to mangrove persistence in the Anthropocene is not to isolate mangroves from people, but to regulate interactions between mangroves and humans through effective management. We will also have to expand the scope of the ecological analysis of mangrove ecosystems to include the social forces converging on the mangroves through an analytical approach that has been termed Social Ecology. Desafíos de la conservación del mangle en el Antropoceno Este ensayo aborda los problemas de conservación que enfrentan los manglares en el Antropoceno, definido como la época de la dominación humana sobre el mundo. En él repasamos las leyes, políticas, acuerdos internacionales y las acciones locales que se ocupan de la conservación de los bosques de mangle en el Neotrópico y se relacionan con el Antropoceno. La colaboración entre gobiernos, organizaciones no gubernamentales y las comunidades que dependen de los manglares para su sustento será decisiva en el Antropoceno. El ensayo también incluye comentarios sobre los avances recientes en ecología de manglares y en ecofisiología que explican cómo los manglares podrían responder a los cambios de temperatura y precipitación, el aumento del nivel del mar y otras perturbaciones naturales y antropogénicas. Los manglares en el Antropoceno también enfrentarán a cambios en su composición de especies, dado el actual movimiento de especies de manglares a través de barreras continentales como resultado de la actividad humana. Estas tendencias conducirán a nuevas formaciones de manglares y en algunos casos ampliarán la presencia de los manglares en todo el mundo. La solución a la persistencia de manglares en el Antropoceno es no aislar a los manglares de la gente, sino regular las interacciones entre los manglares y los seres humanos a través de una gestión eficaz. También tendremos que ampliar el alcance del análisis ecológico de los ecosistemas de manglar para incluir las fuerzas sociales convergentes en los manglares a través de un enfoque analítico que se ha denominado Ecología Social.
8

Epilia, Tjan Venny, and Budi A. Sukada. "PUSAT REKREASI DAN EDUKASI PEMBUDIDAYAAN MANGROVE." Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 3, no. 2 (February 3, 2022): 2071. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v3i2.12376.

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Ecology is formed by the reciprocal relationship between living things and their environment forming an orderly system.Changes in one system will surely affect the others and disturbing the whole systems. Architecture seeks to minimize such a disturbance by building spatial quality with ecology in mind. The case of mangroves existence is taken due to its number of benefits, especially for coastal communities as well as mangrove forests being a home for all living things that stay and breed there. Sadly, not all mangroves are in good condition. Number of mangroves in Indonesia that are damaged, threatened, and neglected is increasing every year. The main cause of such destruction is conversion of land into settlements, agriculture, and industry. All of them give an impact on increasing abrasion, hence causing the land to decrease, flooding the residentials, and threating them to drown. There is an urgent need for mangrove restoration and management to prevent reduction of mangrove area. One way to do it is by providing education for the communities in concerned to increase their knowledge on the important role of mangroves so that they can be more care for such a kind of environment, being able to manage, protect and preserve its ecosystem so as to ensure its sustainability while increasing public awareness of the environment. The educational activities, on the other hand, can be collaborated with recreational activities that support nature conservation and maintain existing mangroves. With such facilities, it is hoped that mangroves can be preserved. Keywords: Education; Mangrove; Recreation AbstrakEkologi terbentuk oleh hubungan timbal balik antara makhluk hidup dengan lingkungannya membentuk suatu sistem yang teratur. Jika sistem tersebut mengalami perubahan akan mempengaruhi ekosistem lainnya dan membuat ekosistem terganggu. Arsitektur mengupayakan memperkecil gangguan yang terjadi pada ekosistem tersebut dengan membangun kualitas spasial dengan pemikiran ekologis. Keberadaan mangrove memiliki sejumlah manfaat terutama bagi masyarakat pesisir pantai. Tidak hanya masyarakat pesisir saja tetapi hutan mangrove menjadi ‘rumah’ bagi semua makhluk hidup yang hidup dan berkembangbiak disana. Namun tidak semua mangrove dalam kondisi baik, saat ini jumlah mangrove di Indonesia yang dalam kondisi rusak, terancam, dan terabaikan semakin bertambah tiap tahunnya. Penyebab utama terjadinya kerusakan hutan mangrove adalah konversi lahan yang beralihfungsi menjadi pemukiman, pertambakan, dan industri yang berdampak meningkatnya abrasi yang menyebabkan daratan semakin berkurang, rumah penduduk tergenang air, dan terancam tenggelam. Perlunya pemulihan dan pengelolaan mangrove sebagai antisipasi yang dapat dilakukan mencegah berkurangnya luasan mangrove. Salah satu cara melestarikan mangrove dengan memberikan edukasi bagi masyarakat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan akan pentingnya peranan mangrove sehingga masyarakat dapat lebih peka dan peduli lingkungan. Dengan demikian masyarakat dapat mengelola mangrove dengan baik, menjaga dan melestarikan ekosistem mangrove untuk menjamin keberlanjutannya, serta meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap lingkungan. Kegiatan edukasi dapat dikolaborasikan dengan kegiatan rekreasi yang mendukung konservasi alam dan mempertahankan mangrove yang ada saat ini. Dengan adanya sarana berupa pusat rekreasi dan edukasi pembudidayaan mangrove diharapkan dapat membantu menyelamatkan kerusakan mangrove sehingga dapat terlestarikan.
9

Alfaro, Andrea C. "Effects of mangrove removal on benthic communities and sediment characteristics at Mangawhai Harbour, northern New Zealand." ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, no. 6 (May 18, 2010): 1087–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq034.

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Abstract Alfaro, A. C. 2010. Effects of mangrove removal on benthic communities and sediment characteristics at Mangawhai Harbour, northern New Zealand. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1087–1104. The spread of mangroves at many locations in temperate northern New Zealand provides a stark contrast to the well-documented trend in mangrove forest decline recorded through the tropics and subtropics. To explore this difference, improved understanding is needed of New Zealand's mangrove ecosystems and how they respond to anthropogenic disturbance. The effect of mangrove removal on the community ecology of mangrove stands and adjacent habitats was investigated within Mangawhai Estuary, northern New Zealand, between March 2004 and September 2006. The vegetation, benthic macrofauna, and sediments were sampled within habitats (marshgrass, mangrove stands, pneumatophore zones, sandflats, and channels) at a treatment site (mangroves removed) and two undisturbed sites, before and after mangrove-removal activities. Mature mangrove habitats had less total abundance and fewer taxa than all the other habitats sampled and were dominated by pulmonate snails (Amphibola crenata) and mud crabs (Helice crassa). Whereas faunal composition varied seasonally as a result of life-history dynamics, temporal changes could be attributed to mangrove-removal activities. Mangrove eradication was followed by immediate changes in the sediment from a muddy to sandier environment, which favoured an overall increase in the abundance of crabs, snails, and bivalves. However, unexpected topographic catchment reconfigurations in late 2005 may have caused a subsequent increase in the delivery of silt and organic content to the study area and an overall decrease in faunal density in March and September 2006. The study provides direct evidence of the effect of mangroves on sediment and benthic faunal characteristics and the importance of catchment-derived imports to estuarine ecosystems.
10

Suryono, Suryono, Nur Taufiq-SPJ, Ibnu Pratikto, and Raden Ario. "Sebaran Mangrove di Desa Bumiharjo Kecamatan Keling Kabupaten Jepara." Buletin Oseanografi Marina 9, no. 2 (October 14, 2020): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v9i2.29067.

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Kabupaten Jepara memiliki potensi wilayah pesisir dengan panjang garis pantai 81,6 km. Mangrove sebagai sabuk pantai hijau memiliki sebaran di setiap kecamatan pesisir. Salah satu lokasi sebaran mangrove di pesisir Jepara berada di desa Bumiharjo Kecamatan Keling. Identifikasi potensi luasan lahan serta sebaran mangrove adalah salah upaya mengetahui potensi sumberdaya pesisir. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah overlay peta RBI dan peta satelit landsat 8 guna mengetahui lokasi serta luasan sebaran mangrove di lokasi penelitian.Selanjutnya dilakukan investigasi ekologi mangrove dengan Survei Lapang guna mengetahui distribusi dan kelimpahan mangrove. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hutan mangrove dilokasi penelitian adalah seluas 4,75 Ha. Hasil identifikasi komposisi jenis mangrove ditemukan sebanyak 6 spesies mangrove yaitu: Avicennia marina, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora mucronata, Soneratia alba, serta Soneratia muconata. Kerapatan rata-rata vegetasi mangrove berkisar antara 4000 – 10.000 individu/ha. Tegakan mangrove memiliki tinggi batang 5-6 meter, diameter batang berkisara antara 4,3- 5,0 cm. Kerapatan mangrove didominasi oleh Rhizophora mucronata. dengan kerapatan paling dominan adalah semai (Sapling). Hal ini menunjukan bahwa mangrove yang ada di desa Bumiharjo Kecamatan Keling kabupaten Jepara adalah dominan mangrove hasil replant. Jepara Regency has a potential coastal area with a coastline length of 81.6 km. Mangroves as coastal green belts have distribution in each coastal district. One of the mangrove distribution locations on the coast of Jepara is in the village of Bumiharjo, Keling district. Identification of the potential land area and the distribution of mangroves is an effort to determine the potential of coastal resources. The research method used is an overlay RBI map and satellite map Landsat 8 to determine the location and extent of the distribution of mangroves in research locations. Subsequently carried out an investigation of mangrove ecology with a Field Survey (Ground Truth) to determine the distribution and abundance of mangroves. The results showed that the mangrove forest in the study area was 4.75 Ha. The results of the identification of the composition of mangrove species were found as many as 6 species of mangroves, namely: Avicennia marina, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora mucronata, Soneratia alba, and Soneratia muconata. the average density of mangrove vegetation ranges between 4000 - 10,000 individuals/ha. Mangrove stand has a stem height of 5-6 meters. the diameter of the stem is between 4.3 - 5.0 cm. Mangrove density is dominated by Rizophora mucronata. with the most dominant density is the seedling (Sapling). This shows that the mangroves on the coast of the Jepara district are replanted mangrove species. (rehabilitation).
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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mangrove ecology":

1

Tong, Yee-fun Pauline. "Herbivory on the mangrove Kandelia candel (L.) druce in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20668211.

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2

Yando, Erik. "Dispersal, Establishment, and Influence of Black Mangrove ( Avicennia germinans) at the Salt Marsh-Mangrove Ecotone." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10814132.

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Interactions between species are dynamic and are likely to shift with changes in species ranges due to climate change. With the expansion of new species into incumbent ecosystems a variety of abiotic and biotic factors shape the rate, pattern, and method of invasion. This dissertation utilizes one such boundary of transition, the salt marsh-mangrove ecotone, located in the northern Gulf of Mexico. This dynamic coastal wetland has recently seen the expansion of sub-tropical mangrove species into a previously salt marsh dominated system. This collection of works provides pointed case studies seeking to understand local and patch scale dispersal dynamics, expansion, recruitment, growth, and survival rates along an elevational gradient, and understanding interactions both above- and belowground between mature mangroves and the surround salt marsh. We find that dispersal is overwhelmingly dominated by propagule export, that black mangrove and smooth cordgrass differ in their ability to provide structural provisioning in the short term after restoration, and that mature mangroves have much greater belowground extent than aboveground. By better understanding species-specific interactions at the salt marsh-mangrove ecotone, a greater understanding of future expansion rates can be gained.

3

Soliman, Nabil Zaki Gadalla. "Nutrient dynamics at Matapouri Estuary, Northern New Zealand thesis submitted in (partial) fulfilment of the degree of Master of Applied Science, Auckland University of Technology, June 2004." Full thesis. Abstract, 2004.

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4

Warren, Janice H. (Janice Helene). "Behavioural ecology of crabs in temperate mangrove swamps." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1987. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26768.

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Patterns of distribution of crabs inhabiting burrows in three temperate mangrove swamps near Sydney, New South Wales, were described. Heloeoius cordiformis (an ocypodid) did not exhibit a consistent pattern of distribution among three tidal zones, but was always associated with well— drained mounds of substratum within zones. Paragrapsus laevis (a grapsid) tended to be most abundant in the lower two zones on the shore and usually inhabited burrows in the moist or submerged flats between mounds. Sesarma erythrodactyla (a grapsid) was distributed fairly evenly among the three tidal zones and also between mounds and flats. H. cordiformis hibernated in burrows from June through August or September. Overall abundances also varied seasonally, but trends were inconsistent among the three swamps sampled.
5

Di, Nitto Diana. "To go with the flow: a field and modelling approach of hydrochorous mangrove propagule dispersal." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210046.

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Mangrove ecosystems thrive in (sub)tropical, intertidal areas where adaptations

like vivipary and the hydrochorous dispersal of propagules become an absolute

necessity. As propagule dispersal and early growth allow for the replenishment of

existing stands and colonization of new habitats, many authors recognize the

importance of these stages in structuring mangrove populations and communities.

However, when it comes to the actual propagule dispersal and recruitment

mechanisms, there is an apparent lacuna in the current understanding of

mangrove ecology. The period between the mature propagule falling from the

parental mangrove tree and the early growth of the established seedling, under

various possible circumstances, remains in the dark. In this study we focus on this

particular period by investigating both the places where these propagules end up

as the pathways their dispersal units follow. And we go one step further.

Mangrove forests are being destroyed worldwide at a threatening pace despite

their tremendous asset to coastal human communities and associated biological

species. The effect of human-induced (cutting and mangrove conversion to

aquaculture ponds) as well as indirectly and/or ‘naturally’ evolving disturbances

(sea level rise) on propagule hydrochory occupies an important place in this study.

Dispersal of water-buoyant propagules of the family Rhizophoraceae and

Acanthaceae (now including the Avicenniaceae) was studied in Gazi Bay (Kenya),

Galle and the Pambala-Chilaw Lagoon Complex (Sri Lanka). The study sites

differ both in tidal regime and vegetation structure, covering an interesting variety

of ecological settings to examine propagule dispersal. Field data and experiments

ranging from micro/ mesotopographical measurements and successive propagule

counts to hydrodynamic and propagule dispersal experiments were collected or

executed in situ.

Two main methodological approaches were employed. Firstly, the question on

mechanisms of propagule recruitment was addressed by statistically investigating

the effect of microtopography, top soil texture and above-ground-root complexes on

the stranding and self-planting of propagules (Chapter 2&3). Afterwards,

suitability maps were created using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to

assess whether a particular mangrove stand has the ability to succesfully

rejuvenate. Furthermore, the effect of degradation (tree cutting) (Chapter 2&3),

sea level rise (Chapter 2&4) and microtopography-altering burrowing activities of

the mangrove mud lobster Thalassina anomala (Chapter 3), was incoporated in the

GIS-analyses. Secondly, the combined set-up of hydrodynamic modelling and

ecological dispersal modelling was developed to simulate propagule dispersal

pathways influenced by dispersal vectors (tidal flow, fresh water discharge, wind),

trapping agents (retention by vegetation or aerial root complexes) and seed

characteristics (buoyancy, obligated dispersal period) (Chapter 5&6). This type of

approach provided the possibility to explore propagule dispersal within its

ecological context, but was also applied to an implication of shrimp pond area

restoration (Pambala-Chilaw Lagoon Complex, Sri Lanka) (Chapter 5) and to

evaluate changes in propagule dispersal when sea level rises (Gazi Bay, Kenya)

(Chapter 6).

The main findings regarding propagule recruitment indicate that propagules are

not distributed equally or randomly within a mangrove stand, yet species-specific

distribution for anchorage occurs. Characteristics of the environment

(microtopography, top soil texture and above-ground root complex) influence

propagule recruitment in a way that complex root systems (e.g. pencil roots and

prop roots) facilitate the entanglement of dispersal units and a more compact soil

texture (like clay and silt) and a predominant flat topography creates suitable

areas for stranding and self-planting of propagules. This combines effects of

existing vegetation and abiotic factors on mangrove propagule establishment.

Since propagule dispersal is not solely determined by species-specific propagule

characteristics (e.g. buoyancy, longevity, etc.), I emphasize that propagule sorting

by hydrochory has to be viewed within its ecological context. Propagule retention

by vegetation and wind as a dispersal vector, deserve a prominent role in studies

on propagule dispersal. The significance of dense vegetation obstructing long

distance dispersal (LDD in its definition of this work), mainly in inner mangrove

zones, supports our main finding that propagule dispersal is largely a short

distance phenomenon. ‘Largely’ is here understood as quantitatively, not

excluding epic colonization events of rare but important nature.

In accordance with the Tidal Sorting Hypothesis (TSH) of Rabinowitz (1978a),

smaller, oval-shaped propagules were found to disperse over larger distances than

bigger, torpedo-shaped propagules. We can however not fully support the TSH

because (1) these differences are no longer valid when comparing between torpedoshaped

propagules of different sizes and (2) propagule dispersal is not always

directed towards areas more inland, but can be strongly concentrated towards the

edges of lagoons and channels

Anthropogenic pressure on mangrove ecosystems, more specifically clear-felling or

mangrove conversion to aquaculture ponds, imposes limitations on propagule

recruitment due to reduced propagule availability and a decrease in suitable

stranding areas where the architecture of certain root complexes, like prop roots

and pencil roots, function as propagule traps. These types of pressure appear to

have more severe consequences on propagule dispersal than the effect of sea level

rise on mangroves. Mangrove forests, which are not situated in an obviously

vulnerable setting, can be resilient to a relative rise in sea level if a landward shift

of vegetation assemblages and successful early colonization is not obstructed by

human-induced pressures. Also, and this renders mangrove forests vulnerable in

spite of their intrinsic resilience, when the ‘capital’ of forest is severely reduced or

impoverished as happens extensively worldwide, the ‘interest’ on this capital,

understood as propagule availability, delivery and trapping, will not allow them to

efficiently cope with sea level rise, putting sustainability of mangrove ecosystem

services and goods at risk.

In a larger framework of mangrove vegetation dynamics, knowledge on propagule

dispersal will benefit management strategies for the conservation of mangroves

worldwide, besides its fundamental interest to fully fathom the ecology of this

particular marine-terrestrial ecotone formation.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

6

Lee, Hoi-ki. "The feeding ecology of Littoraria species in Hong Kong mangroves /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B22956293.

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Young, Ruth Anne. "Biotic Responses to Urbanisation in Mangrove Dominated Estuaries." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367651.

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Abstract:
Increasing urbanisation of coastal areas is placing unprecedented pressure on estuarine environments. Impacts associated with urbanisation can alter the health of estuarine ecosystems, reducing their capacity to provide valuable ecosystem services. In order protect these environments, relationships between estuarine health and urbanisation should be understood and applied to sustainable urban planning in coastal areas. Responses measured in estuarine biota offer much potential for providing pragmatic and sensitive means for the detection of urban impacts in estuaries. I assessed the responses of estuarine biota to increasing levels of urbanisation in the rapidly developing coastal region of southeast Queensland, Australia. I measured a suite of biotic indicators, namely: the δ15N of mangroves and crabs as a tracer for urban N sources, sediment chlorophyll a concentration (Chl a) as an estimate of the biomass of microphytobenthos (MPB), and a condition index in crabs, measured as the hepatosomatic index (HI). Urbanisation was estimated as the percentage of catchment covered by impervious surfaces (impervious cover, IC). Increases in impervious surfaces such as roads, footpaths and car parks are closely linked to urbanisation. These surfaces concentrate and convey pollutants generated from urban activities into coastal waterways and estuaries, thus making IC a useful indicator of urban impact.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Indarjani. "Infaunal communities in South Australian temperate mangrove systems." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37950.

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South Australian mangroves consist of only one single species Avicennia marina (Fosk.) Vierh.var australasica (Walp) Moldenke, 1960. They are distributed discontinuously within St. Vincent Gulf and Spencer Gulf and provide significant valuable habitat both in economical and ecological terms. The Fisheries Act 1971-1982 protected the existence of mangroves and the Harbour Act 1936-1981 controlled removal of mangrove areas in coastal development. To date very few ecological studies have been conducted in the South Australian mangroves, particularly on the infaunal organisms that have an important role in maintaining the ecological dynamic within the estuaries systems. As this is the first study on infaunal mangrove communities in the inverse estuaries of South Australia, there was no prior data for ecological comparison. The study was conducted at three mangroves location (Garden Island, Middle Beach and Saint Kilda) close to Adelaide in May 2000 and 2001. Overall the study has reported that the infaunal mangrove assemblages of South Australian mangroves were comparable to other temperate mangroves. The infaunal communities were characterised by lower diversity and abundance compared to the tropical or subtropical mangroves. The infaunal zonation related to the tidal gradient and habitat variation was detected. Most infauna organisms occupied the surface layers and substantially decreased towards the deeper layers. The study also suggested that sediment structure of mangrove systems were complex and infaunal communities responded differently to the change of environmental conditions both in small scale and larger scale. Thus, assessing the infaunal communities structure in mangrove systems should be based on ecological characteristics rather than geographical positions. The examination of dominant polychaetes families showed that different species have different responses to the environmental cues within mangrove systems. The study did not find that any polychaete species was restricted to mangroves only as they all were also found in the habitat adjacent mangrove forest.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2003.
9

Zhou, Hong. "Meiofaunal community structure and dynamics in a Hong Kong mangrove /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B2331669x.

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Rajkaran, Anusha. "A status assessment of mangrove forests in South Africa and the utilization of mangroves at Mngazana Estuary." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1547.

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In South Africa mangrove forests are located in estuaries from Kosi Bay in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) to Nahoon Estuary in the Eastern Cape. The aims of this study were to determine the present state of mangroves in KwaZulu-Natal, by assessing the current population structure, the changes in cover over time and associated anthropogenic pressures. A second objective of this study was to determine the effect of harvesting on the population structure and sediment characteristics in the Mngazana mangrove forest. To determine if harvesting was sustainable at Mngazana Estuary; the growth and mortality rates and associated growth conditions were measured. Finally by using population modelling sustainable harvesting limits were determined by predicting the change in population structure over time. The study focussed on the KwaZulu-Natal province as a fairly recent study addressed mangrove distribution and status in the Eastern Cape Province. A historical assessment of all mangroves forests in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) revealed that the potential threats to mangroves in South Africa include; wood harvesting, altered water flow patterns coupled with salinity changes, prolonged closed-mouth conditions and subsequent changes to the intertidal habitat. As a result mangroves were completely lost from eleven estuaries in KZN between 1982 and 1999 and a further two estuaries by 2006. Mangroves only occurred in those estuaries where the mouth was open for more than 56 percent of the time with the exception of St Lucia, where the mouth has been closed for longer but the mangrove communities have persisted because the roots of the trees were not submerged. All mangrove forests in KZN were regenerating in terms of population structure as they had reverse J-shaped population curves as well as high adult: seedling ratios. Kosi Bay and Mhlathuze Estuary were two of the larger forests that showed signs of harvesting (presence of tree or branch stumps), but the greatest threat to smaller estuaries seems to be altered water flow patterns due to freshwater abstraction in the catchments and the change of land use from natural vegetation to sugar-cane plantations. These threats affect the hydrology of estuaries and the sediment characteristics (particle size, redox, pH, salinity, temperature) of the mangrove forests. The environmental conditions under which the mangrove forests currently exist were determined for five species. Lumnitzera racemosa and Ceriops tagal exhibited a narrow range of conditions as these species are only found at Kosi Bay, while Avicennia marina, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Rhizophora mucronata were found to exist under a wider range of conditions. The growth rate and response to environmental conditions of the three dominant species were important to determine as these species are impacted by harvesting. Mangrove growth rates were measured at Mngazana Estuary in the Eastern Cape, the third largest mangrove forest in South Africa. Areas of this estuary where mangroves harvesting has occurred, show significant differences in sediment characteristics as well as changes in population structure in harvested compared to non harvested sites. The growth rate (in terms of height) of Avicennia marina individuals increased from seedlings (0.31 cm month-1) to adults (1.2 cm month-1), while the growth of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza stabilised from a height of 150 cm at 0.65 cm month-1. The growth of Rhizophora mucronata peaked at 0.72 cm month-1 (height 151-250 cm) and then decreased to 0.4 cm month-1 for taller individuals. Increases in diameter at breast height (DBH) ranged between 0.7 and 2.3 mm month-1 for all species. Some environmental variables were found to be important drivers of growth and mortality of individuals less then 150 cm. A decrease in sediment pH significantly increased the mortality of Avicennia marina seedlings (0-50 cm) (r = - 0.71, p<0.05) and significantly decreased the growth of Rhizophora mucronata and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza seedlings (r = -0.8, r = 0.52 – p < 0.05 respectively). At Mngazana Estuary, mortality of this species showed a positive correlation with sediment moisture content indicating that this species prefers drier conditions. The density of Rhizophora mucronata was significantly correlated to porewater temperature in Northern KZN as was the growth of adult (>300 cm) Rhizophora trees at Mngazana Estuary. Mortality of Avicennia marina individuals (51-150 cm) was related to tree density indicating intraspecific competition and self thinning. Selective harvesting of particular size classes of Rhizophora mucronata was recorded when comparing length of harvested poles (~301 cm) and the size class distribution of individuals. Taking into account the differences in growth rate for each size class for this species it will take approximately 13 years to attain a height of 390 cm which is the height at which trees are selected for harvesting at this estuary. This is 2.6 times slower than those individuals growing in Kenya. The feasibility of harvesting is dependent on the growth rate of younger size classes to replace harvested trees as well as the rate of natural recruitment feeding into the population. Different harvesting intensity scenarios tested within a matrix model framework showed that limits should be set at 5 percent trees ha-1 year-1 to maintain seedling density at > 5 000 ha-1 for R. mucronata. However harvesting of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza should be stopped due to the low density of this species at Mngazana Estuary. Harvesting of the tallest trees of Avicennia marina can be maintained at levels less than 10 percent ha-1 year-1. Effective management of mangrove forests in South African is important to maintain the current state, function and diversity of these ecosystems. Management recommendations should begin with determining the freshwater requirements of the estuaries to maintain the mouth dynamics and biotic communities and deter the harvesting of (whole) adult trees particularly those species that do not coppice. Further management is needed to ensure that forests are cleared of pollutants (plastic and industrial), and any further developments near the mangroves should be minimized.
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Books on the topic "Mangrove ecology":

1

Johnstone, R. E. Mangroves and mangrove birds of Western Australia. Perth, W.A: Western Australian Museum, 1990.

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Saenger, P. Mangrove ecology, silviculture, and conservation. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.

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Hutchings, P. A. Ecology of mangroves. St. Lucia, Qld., Australia: University of Queensland Press, 1987.

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Soemodihardjo, Subagjo. Bibliografi beranotasi sumberdaya mangrove Indonesia = Annotated bibliography on Indonesian mangroves. Jakarta: Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Panitia Nasional Program MAB Indonesia, Proyek Penelitian Lingkungaan Hidup, 1989.

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Saenger, Peter. Mangrove ecology, silviculture, and conservation. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 2001.

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Saenger, Peter. Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and Conservation. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9962-7.

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B, Chaudhuri A. Sundarbans mangrove: Ecology & wild life. Dehra Dun, India: Jugal Kishore & Co. (Pub. Div.), 1989.

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I, Robertson A., and Alongi D. M, eds. Tropical mangrove ecosystems. Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union, 1992.

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Pryor, Kimberley Jane. Mangrove swamps. North Mankato, MN: Smart Apple Media, 2007.

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Banerjee, L. K. Mangroves of Orissa coast and their ecology. Dehra Dun, India: Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mangrove ecology":

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Twilley, Robert R., and John W. Day. "Mangrove Wetlands." In Estuarine Ecology, 165–202. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118412787.ch7.

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Saenger, Peter. "The Mangrove Flora." In Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and Conservation, 11–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9962-7_2.

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Saenger, Peter. "Introduction: The Mangrove Environment." In Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and Conservation, 1–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9962-7_1.

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Saenger, Peter. "Mangrove Structure and Classification." In Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and Conservation, 183–205. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9962-7_6.

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Saenger, Peter. "Mangrove Silviculture and Restoration." In Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and Conservation, 229–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9962-7_8.

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Ellison, Joanna C. "Factors Influencing Mangrove Ecosystems." In Mangroves: Ecology, Biodiversity and Management, 97–115. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2494-0_4.

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Saenger, Peter. "Adapting to the ‘Mangrove Environment’." In Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and Conservation, 49–100. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9962-7_3.

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Saenger, Peter. "Biotic Interactions and Mangrove Performance." In Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and Conservation, 147–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9962-7_5.

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Engku Ariff, Engku Azlin Rahayu, Ahmad Faris Seman Kamarulzaman, and Mohd Nazip Suratman. "Energy Flux in Mangrove Ecosystems." In Mangroves: Ecology, Biodiversity and Management, 117–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2494-0_5.

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Saenger, Peter. "References." In Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and Conservation, 303–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9962-7_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mangrove ecology":

1

Mokhtari, Mohammad, Mazlan Abd Ghaffar, Gires Usup, and Zaidi Che Cob. "The ecology of fiddler crab Uca forcipata in mangrove forest." In THE 2013 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2013 Postgraduate Colloquium. AIP Publishing LLC, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4858704.

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