Journal articles on the topic 'Management behaviours'
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Mohapatra, Rajesh Kumar, and Sudarsan Panda. "Behavioural Descriptions of Indian Pangolins (Manis crassicaudata) in Captivity." International Journal of Zoology 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/795062.
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Conservation breeding programmes as an essential tool for conservation of endangered species require a sound knowledge on behaviour of the species. At present time, knowledge of behaviour and biology of Indian pangolins is inadequate and inconsistent. During the present study, an ethogram was developed based on the behavioural observations of seven Indian pangolins (Manis crassicaudata) at Pangolin Conservation Breeding Centre, Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha, India, between February 2012 and January 2013. A total of 27 behaviours of seven distinct behavioural categories (stationary body positions, locomotory patterns, maintenance behaviours, explorative behaviours, defensive behaviours, reproductive/social behaviours, and others) were described and illustrated. The results offer a consistent frame of reference for further studies on behavioural patterns of Indian pangolins. Besides, these preliminary observations could be useful in management and breeding of the species in captivity.
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Su, Chien-Yuan, Yu-Hang Li, and Cheng-Huan Chen. "Understanding the Behavioural Patterns of University Teachers Toward Using a Learning Management System." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 16, no. 14 (July 28, 2021): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v16i14.22685.
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Recent research has been very attentive to the examination of learners’ behavioural patterns of using learning management systems (LMS), but these studies seldom address the diversity in the LMS usage behaviours of teachers. This study aimed to discover the behavioural patterns of university instructors regarding the use of an LMS by using sequential and clustering analysis techniques. The usage behaviours of 268 teachers at a public university in China were extracted from the Blackboard platform over the course of one-semester. These behaviours were classified according to five different LMS behavioural types: (1) course and content; (2) assignment; (3) communication and collaboration; (4) assessment; and (5) administration. The results indicated that the most frequent teachers’ LMS usage behaviour was course and content followed by assessment and administration. The results of the sequential analysis indicated that most of the instructors are used to adopting communication and collaboration and assignment when they finish using course and content. In addition, three distinct usage behavioural pattern subgroups were named as teachers preferred assessment, teachers of regular use, and teachers of less use. Implications of these findings are discussed in the light of the university teachers’ behavioural patterns toward using the LMS.
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Milne, Derek, and Stephanie Kennedy. "The Utility of Consumer Satisfaction Data: A Case Study in Organizational Behaviour Management." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 21, no. 3 (July 1993): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465800010535.
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Despite considerable cajoling and some good results, behavioural psychotherapists have remained predominantly intra-personal in the focus of their research. Analysis of the wider environmental determinants of the behaviours that concern them have been few, and there has been no upwards trend. This is problematic in that it fails to exploit the full scope of behaviourism, limiting practitioners and their efficiency. The present analysis concerns one kind of systems-level work, the use of data to guide a psychiatric day hospital service. Although limited in rigour and scope, it nonetheless indicates a ready and promising “generalization” of behaviour therapy from the individual to the system. The study also illustrates how the emerging behavioural assessment principle of “treatment utility” can be analysed.
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Turner, Jessica T., Alexandra L. Whittaker, and David McLelland. "Behavioural Impact of Captive Management Changes in Three Species of Testudinidae." Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens 3, no. 4 (November 7, 2022): 555–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jzbg3040041.
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Reptile behaviour and welfare are understudied in comparison with mammals. In this study, behavioural data on three species (Astrochelys radiata, Stigmochelys pardalis, Aldabrachelys gigantea) of tortoises were recorded before and after an environmental change which was anticipated to be positive in nature. The environmental changes differed for each population, but included a substantial increase in enclosure size, the addition of substrate material, and a change in handling procedure. A tortoise-specific ethogram was created to standardise data collection. Focal behaviour sampling was used to collect behavioural data. Changes in the duration of performance of co-occupant interaction and object interaction in the leopard (Stigmochelys pardalis) and Aldabra (Aldabrachelys gigantea) tortoises were observed following the environmental changes. The Shannon–Weiner diversity index did not yield a significant increase after the changes but had a numerical increase which was relatively greater for the leopard tortoise group, which had experienced the greatest environmental change. The leopard tortoises also demonstrated changes in a greater number of behaviours compared to the other species, and this was sustained over the study period. However, this included a behaviour indicative of negative affect: aggression. Whilst we are unable to conclude that welfare was improved by the management changes, there are suggestions that behavioural diversity increased, and some promotion of positive social behaviours occurred.
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Zhang, Xinyong, Zhenzhen Sun, Zhaoxiang Niu, Yijing Sun, and Dawei Wang. "The Effect of Abusive Supervision on Safety Behaviour: A Moderated Mediation Model." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (November 18, 2021): 12124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212124.
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Leadership behavior has an impact on the behavior of employees. Previous studies have mainly studied the impact of positive leadership behaviors on employees’ behaviors, but there is an absence of research on the impact of negative leadership behaviours (abusive supervision) on safety behaviours (including safety participation and safety compliance). In this study, 599 front-line employees in the petrochemical industry were selected as subjects. Abusive supervision, safety behaviour, safety motivation and a conscientiousness questionnaire were used as measurements to explore the relationship between abusive supervision and employee safety behaviors, and to further explore the roles of safety motivation, conscientiousness and the relationship between them. This study found that abusive supervision is negatively related to employee safety behaviours (safety compliance and safety participation); that safety motivation plays a mediating role in the relationship between abusive supervision and employees’ safety behavior; and that conscientiousness moderates the role of safety motivation between the relationship of abusive supervision and employees’ safety behaviour. With a higher level of conscientiousness, the indirect relationship between abusive supervision and employee safety behaviours is weaker. Finally, we discuss the theoretical and practical significance of these findings for abusive supervision and the management of safety behaviours.
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Han, Yu, Xuezheng Li, Zhida Feng, Ruoyu Jin, Joseph Kangwa, and Obas John Ebohon. "Grounded Theory and Social Psychology Approach to Investigating the Formation of Construction Workers’ Unsafe Behaviour." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (May 18, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3581563.
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There have been limited studies analyzing the causes of construction workers’ unsafe behaviour from the social psychology perspective. Based on a Grounded Theory approach, this study first identified and defined seven coded categories related to workers’ dangerous behaviour on construction sites. The original qualitative data were obtained from individual site interviews conducted with 35 construction professionals. These main categories were found connected to workers’ status of safety awareness and sense of danger, which affected the type of unsafe behaviours, i.e., proactive, passive, or reactive behaviour. By further integrating social cognitive psychology theories into workers’ behavioural decision-making process, the formation mechanism framework and diagram were developed to describe construction workers’ unsafe behaviours based on the dynamic process of balancing the individual desires and perceived safety risks. This study advances the body of knowledge in construction safety behavioural management by performing in-depth theoretical analysis regarding workers’ internal desires, activated by external scenarios and intervened by a personal safety cognition system, which could result in different motivations and various behavioural outcomes. It is argued that safety cognition serves as a mediated moderation system affecting behavioural performance. Practical suggestions on developing a proper safety management system incorporating safety education in guiding construction workers’ site behaviours are presented.
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McNamara, E., and M. Jolly. "Are Disruptive Behaviours Reduced When Levels of On-task Behaviours Increase? An Across Settings Study of a Class of 12- and 13-Year-Old Pupils—II." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 18, no. 4 (October 1990): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s014134730001034x.
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In recent years an impressive body of research has accumulated indicating that behavioural management strategies can promote the levels of on-task behaviour of classes of disruptive secondary school pupils. These successes have led to the explicit, self-evident claim that levels of off-task behaviour have concomitantly been reduced—and the implicit claim that levels of disruptive behaviour have also been reduced: for disruptive behaviour constitutes a subset of off-task behaviour. However the promotion of on-task behaviour with a corresponding reduction in off-task behaviour is a necessary but not sufficient outcome to claim that disruptive behaviour has diminished. It may be the case that innocuous off-task behaviours have been reduced but disruptive off-task behaviours remain. From a further data analysis of a previous study (McNamara and Jolly, 1990) it is claimed that when disruptive classroom behaviour is dealt with by the promotion of on-task behaviours the total amount of all types of off-task behaviours, from innocuous to grossly disruptive, is reduced. Analysis of data for individual pupils reveals that the whole class aggregated data conceal considerable inter-pupil variability for low incidence off-task behaviours.
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Bitsika, Vicki, Christopher F. Sharpley, and Robyn Hawkins. "A Variation on Functional Analysis in the Classroom: A Clinical Note." Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling 17, no. 1 (July 1, 2007): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/ajgc.17.1.97.
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AbstractTraditional Functional Analytic procedures rely upon the identification of one or two ‘target’ behaviours for examination via observation and analysis. From these data, multiple functions are identified for each target behaviour via antecedent-behaviour-consequence data collection. However, although these methodologies have been shown to be effective with a wide range of inappropriate behaviours in classrooms, they have limitations when the inappropriate behaviours are so many and varied that selection of one or two as ‘targets’ becomes unreliable in terms of obtaining an accurate representation of the child's overall behavioural repertoire. A variation on this procedure is described and data from a case example are presented as a suggested alternative way of obtaining the kind of data required for effective classroom management of difficult behaviour.
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Sim, S. Meaghan, N. Theresa Glanville, and Lynn Mcintyre. "Food Management Behaviours: In Food-insecure, Lone Mother-led Families." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 72, no. 3 (September 2011): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/72.3.2011.123.
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Purpose: Little is known about how food is managed in households where food resources are scarce. In this study, the household food management behaviours utilized by foodinsecure, lone mother-led families from Atlantic Canada were characterized, and relationships among these behaviours and diet quality were examined. Methods: Thematic analysis of 24 in-depth interviews from a larger study of mother-led, low-income families was integrated with sociodemographic characteristics, food-insecurity status, and four weekly 24-hour dietary recalls for all household members to yield a family behaviour score (FBS) as a summative measure of food management behaviours, and a healthy plate score (HPS) as a measure of diet quality. Results: Five distinct food management behaviours were identified: authoritative, healthism, sharing, structured, and planning behaviours. An increase in the FBS was associated with a proportional increase in the HPS. Authoritative, healthism, and planning food management behaviours were the strongest predictors of the HPS for all household members (p<0.05). The structured management behaviour was related to the degree of food insecurity. Conclusions: The FBS and HPS tools hold promise as a way to identify food-insecure families at risk of low diet quality. The next phase of this research will validate the use of these tools in the practice setting.
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Kulkarni, Tushar Pramod. "Analysis of stereotypic behaviour and enhanced management in captive Northern Giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis housed at Zoological Garden Alipore, Kolkata." Journal of Threatened Taxa 12, no. 4 (March 26, 2020): 15426–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.5622.12.4.15426-15435.
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In the wild, giraffes live complex social lives exhibiting fission-fusion social systems. They have sophisticated communication which likely forms a crucial component regulating subgroup dynamics. They spend a large part of their day browsing and traveling over large distances. In captivity, lack of continuous browsing opportunities and limited space can lead to various abnormal and stereotypic behaviours. These stereotypic behaviours can have cascading detrimental health consequences. A behavioural analysis of stereotypic behaviours in giraffes under human care was conducted to evaluate sources of variation within a population and provide management recommendations. The aim of this investigation was threefold: 1. to examine current behaviour of giraffes in Zoological Garden Alipore, Kolkata to advise on their enhanced management; 2. to highlight any behavioural abnormalities and recommend enrichment mechanisms; and 3. to compare the observed stereotypic behaviours with behaviour described in other zoological institutions and in the wild to provide a focal trajectory in the development of guidelines. Four individuals (two adult males, one adult female, and one male calf) were observed outdoors for seven days, three times a day for 30 minutes by instantaneous scan sampling method. During the observation period, the giraffe exhibited oral stereotypy more than any other behaviour recorded, though this was recorded disproportionally between individuals. The giraffe spent a larger amount of time exhibiting oral stereotypy compared to feeding/foraging activities. The study suggests incorporating diet and feeding strategies with provision of natural browse as well as offering enrichment methods to increase the foraging time using various time-engaged feeding devices to mitigate the observed abnormal stereotypic behaviour. Additionally, recommendations are made for expanding the size of the open enclosure to meet guidelines by the Central Zoo Authority, as a minimum.
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Fisher, Keren, Moira Nurse, and Paul Kennedy. "Teaching Nurses Behavioural Methods for Pain Management: A Pilot Study." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 17, no. 3 (July 1989): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0141347300016712.
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This study explores the possibility of teaching nurses behavioural tehniques so that patients with intractable pain problems can be treated confidently, and subjective labelling, which obstructs a goal oriented approach, can be avoided.Three seminars were given which included formal teaching, role-plays and practical between-session tasks.Of the four assessment procedures used, the nurses showed a significant change in their knowledge of behavioural principles, their attitudes to disabled people, and their response to pain behaviours. Their ability to specify problem behaviour did not improve and some reasons for this are discussed
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Rabin, L. A. "Maintaining Behavioural Diversity in Captivity for Conservation: Natural Behaviour Management." Animal Welfare 12, no. 1 (February 2003): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600025409.
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AbstractBehavioural management in zoos is often practiced within the confines of environmental enrichment, a well-known method which attempts to increase the welfare of captive animals. For the successful conservation and reintroduction of threatened or endangered species, however, it is also important to manage behaviour in such a way as to maintain behavioural diversity. The development of natural behaviour management (NBM) programs is advocated in this paper. These programs will act to maintain behavioural diversity in captivity and will encourage behaviour to be displayed in appropriate contexts through exposure of captive animals to naturalistic stimuli. The importance of developing appropriate antipredator and predation behaviours will be discussed in order to demonstrate how NBM strategies differ from, and can even conflict with, environmental enrichment strategies undertaken for welfare reasons.
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Coetzer, Alan, Chutarat Inma, Paul Poisat, Janice Redmond, and Craig Standing. "Job embeddedness and employee enactment of innovation-related work behaviours." International Journal of Manpower 39, no. 2 (May 8, 2018): 222–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-04-2016-0095.
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Purpose In a highly competitive globalised environment, the innovation behaviour of employees plays a key role in the economic viability and competitive advantage of organisations. In this context, developing the understanding of innovation work behaviour is important for the field of individual innovation and this is the focus of the study. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using a survey from 549 employees in organisations operating in four major business centres in South Africa. Findings On-the-job embeddedness was positively and significantly related to innovation behaviours by employees in organisations operating in diverse industries. Consistent with the view that small organisations have a “behavioural” innovation advantage over larger organisations, the size of the organisation moderated the positive relationship between on-the-job embeddedness and innovation behaviours. On-the-job embeddedness was more positively related to innovation behaviours in small organisations than in larger organisations. Practical implications Employees who are highly embedded in their jobs (but not necessarily their communities) are more likely to enact innovation behaviours than employees who are not similarly embedded. Human resource management professionals and line managers can potentially foster employee innovation behaviours through adopting strategies aimed at positively influencing the fit, links and sacrifice dimensions of on-the-job embeddedness. Originality/value The study contributes to theoretical and empirical expansion of job embeddedness (JE) by examining: how work and non-work forces that attach employees to their organisations influence their propensity to enact innovation behaviours; and how organisation size moderates the relationship between JE and innovation behaviours. The results will help managers who wish to foster innovation.
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Stubbs, R. James, Cristiana Duarte, Ruairi O'Driscoll, Jake Turicchi, and Joanna Michalowska. "Developing evidence-based behavioural strategies to overcome physiological resistance to weight loss in the general population." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 78, no. 4 (October 31, 2019): 576–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665119001083.
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Physiological and behavioural systems are tolerant of excess energy intake and responsive to energy deficits. Weight loss (WL) changes body structure, physiological function and energy balance (EB) behaviours, which resist further WL and promote subsequent weight regain. Measuring and understanding the response of EB systems to energy deficits is important for developing evidence-based behaviour change interventions for longer-term weight management. Currently, behaviour change approaches for longer-term WL show modest effect sizes. Self-regulation of EB behaviours (e.g. goal setting, action plans, self-monitoring, relapse prevention plans) and aspects of motivation are important for WL maintenance. Stress management, emotion regulation and food hedonics may also be important for relapse prevention, but the evidence is less concrete. Although much is known about the effects of WL on physiological and psychological function, little is known about the way these dynamic changes affect human EB behaviours. Key areas of future importance include (i) improved methods for detailed tracking of energy expenditure, balance and by subtraction intake, using digital technologies, (ii) how WL impacts body structure, function and subsequent EB behaviours, (iii) how behaviour change approaches can overcome physiological resistance to WL and (iv) who is likely to maintain WL or relapse. Modelling physiological and psychological moderators and mediators of EB-related behaviours is central to understanding and improving longer-term weight and health outcomes in the general population.
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Xeniditis, Kiriakos, Ailsa Russell, and Declan Murphy. "Management of people with challenging behaviour." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 7, no. 2 (March 2001): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.7.2.109.
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The term ‘challenging behaviour’ was introduced in North America in the 1980s, and was originally used to describe problematic behaviours in people with ‘mental retardation’ (learning disabilities). Challenging behaviour can, however, occur across the intellectual spectrum, being particularly prevalent in populations with psychiatric disorder.
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Huang, Arthur, Melissa Farboudi Jahromi, and Julia Marquez. "Customers’ Behavioural Immune System Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A conceptual framework." European Journal of Tourism Research 30 (October 20, 2021): 3015. http://dx.doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v30i.2264.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed various obstacles and restrictions for the tourism and hospitality industry. This paper adopts the concept of the behavioural immune system to discuss tourism and hospitality customers’ potential behaviours during the pandemic and provide business strategies that can address these behaviours. The behavioural immune system is a motivational system that determines individuals’ behaviours to pathogen infection. First, this study introduces the mechanism of the behavioural immune system including environmental evaluation and aversive perception, aversive emotional and cognitive responses, and avoidance behaviours. It also provides examples in the guest service context to better portray the mechanism. Second, the study suggests specific measures for tourism and hospitality businesses that may help them to prevent the aversive and avoidance responses of customers triggered by their behavioural immune system during the pandemic. Then, the study integrates customers’ responses and businesses’ measures in a framework, which extends the literature on customers’ behaviour in the hospitality and tourism context. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time the concept of behavioural immune system is adopted to discuss customers’ behaviours towards tourism and hospitality services during a pandemic.
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Cull, C. A., and S. W. Brown. "A Socio Behavioural Perspective for Understanding and Managing Behaviour Problems in Children with Epilepsy." Behavioural Neurology 5, no. 1 (1992): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1992/652010.
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In this paper, reasons for the occurrence of interictal behaviour disturbance in children with epilepsy, and the management of such problems, are considered. The search for a direct relationship between epilepsy related variables and behaviour disorders is far from conclusive. While such a relationship may exist with respect to ictal behaviour problems, this line of investigation is of limited value in respect of its implications for the management of interictal problems. In the latter case it is proposed that organic factors may be considered to be a risk factor. In addition, the negative psychosocial sequelae of a diagnosis of epilepsy can result in conditions which are likely to foster the development of inappropriate behaviours. Learning theory would further suggest that environmental contingencies have a role to play in the shaping and maintenance of such behaviours. This broader framework for conceptualising the development and maintenance of interictal behaviour disorders has clear management implications. Clinical examples of the successful application of this approach to the management of persistent behavioural problems in two young people with epilepsy are presented.
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Stark, Lori J. "Can nutrition counselling be more behavioural? Lessons learned from dietary management of cystic fibrosis." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 62, no. 4 (November 2003): 793–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2003294.
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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetically-inherited disorder that results in energy imbalance. Undernutrition is common in children with CF and associated with poor health outcomes. To ensure optimal growth and nutrition, children with CF are recommended to consume 120–150% of the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for energy, but most studies show they typically are only able to achieve 100% of the RDA. While biological factors clearly contribute to poor dietary adherence, recent studies have documented behavioural and environmental barriers to adherence that includes parent-child interaction at mealtimes. While not ‘abnormal’, parent behaviours such as paying increased attention to the child in the form of coaxing, commanding and feeding when the child is engaged in behaviours incompatible with eating (food refusal, talking, leaving the meal) may serve to reinforce these child non-eating behaviours. Thus, dietary counselling alone, albeit necessary, is typically insufficient because of failure to specifically address these behavioural and environmental barriers to dietary treatment. Behavioural intervention that targets both nutrition education and behavioural management has been found to be effective in achieving an average increased energy intake of 4200 kJ (1000)kcal/d and weight gain of 1·48 kg over 9 weeks in children with CF. This intervention utilizes self-monitoring, goal setting and shaping to structure the delivery of treatment. It also teaches parents to utilize child behaviour-management techniques to motivate children to increase their energy intake. These behavioural strategies include differential attention (praising and ignoring), contingency management and behavioural contracting. The potential application of these techniques to dietary counselling is suggested.
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Stubbs, R. James, Cristiana Duarte, Ruairi O’Driscoll, Jake Turicchi, Dominika Kwasnicka, Falko F. Sniehotta, Marta M. Marques, et al. "The H2020 “NoHoW Project”: A Position Statement on Behavioural Approaches to Longer-Term Weight Management." Obesity Facts 14, no. 2 (2021): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000513042.
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There is substantial evidence documenting the effects of behavioural interventions on weight loss (WL). However, behavioural approaches to initial WL are followed by some degree of longer-term weight regain, and large trials focusing on evidence-based approaches to weight loss maintenance (WLM) have generally only demonstrated small beneficial effects. The current state-of-the-art in behavioural interventions for WL and WLM raises questions of (i) how we define the relationship between WL and WLM, (ii) how energy balance (EB) systems respond to WL and influence behaviours that primarily drive weight regain, (iii) how intervention content, mode of delivery and intensity should be targeted to keep weight off, (iv) which mechanisms of action in complex interventions may prevent weight regain and (v) how to design studies and interventions to maximise effective longer-term weight management. In considering these issues a writing team within the NoHoW Consortium was convened to elaborate a position statement, and behaviour change and obesity experts were invited to discuss these positions and to refine them. At present the evidence suggests that developing the skills to self-manage EB behaviours leads to more effective WLM. However, the effects of behaviour change interventions for WL and WLM are still relatively modest and our understanding of the factors that disrupt and undermine self-management of eating and physical activity is limited. These factors include physiological resistance to weight loss, gradual compensatory changes in eating and physical activity and reactive processes related to stress, emotions, rewards and desires that meet psychological needs. Better matching of evidence-based intervention content to quantitatively tracked EB behaviours and the specific needs of individuals may improve outcomes. Improving objective longitudinal tracking of energy intake and energy expenditure over time would provide a quantitative framework in which to understand the dynamics of behaviour change, mechanisms of action of behaviour change interventions and user engagement with intervention components to potentially improve weight management intervention design and evaluation.
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Tucker, Peter, and David Speirs. "Attitudes and Behavioural Change in Household Waste Management Behaviours." Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 46, no. 2 (March 2003): 289–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0964056032000070927.
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Hewett, Kathryn. "Commentary on “Teaching playground expectations to secondary age students with intellectual disabilities attending a special school”." Tizard Learning Disability Review 26, no. 4 (October 21, 2021): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-07-2021-0021.
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Purpose This paper aims to provide a commentary on the article “Teaching behavioural expectations to secondary age students with intellectual disabilities attending a special school”. Design/methodology/approach The impact on teachers who deal with high levels of behaviours that challenge is explored. Findings The article highlights the importance of proactive, preventative strategies for behaviour management and the need for staff training and support. Originality/value Teachers working with pupils who engage in high levels of behaviours that challenge need training and support.
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Wojtczuk-Turek, Agnieszka, and Dariusz Turek. "Executive Psychopaths. Abusive Behaviour of the Management." Kwartalnik Ekonomistów i Menedżerów 22, no. 4 (October 1, 2011): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.5538.
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The article presents the characteristics of “executive psychopaths”, showing that the current business environment “predisposes” individuals with “pathological” features of personality to holding the highest posts within organisations. The most important factors that enable a diagnosis of such types of leaders have also been described. Moreover, it has been suggested that the most common behaviours demonstrated by the “executive psychopaths” involve mobbing, bullying, sexual harassment and political behaviours. A variety of forms of such abusive behaviour have been described together with their consequences for the employees
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Okumah, Murat, Ata Senior Yeboah, Elias Nkiaka, and Richard Apatewen Azerigyik. "What Determines Behaviours Towards Water Resources Management in a Rural Context? Results of a Quantitative Study." Resources 8, no. 2 (June 11, 2019): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8020109.
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Recent environmental policies introduced to safeguard the quality of water resources have focussed on encouraging pro-environmental behaviours (PEB). This has resulted in a considerable volume of research output that seeks to investigate the determinants of PEB in the context of water resources management. However, there is a paucity of literature exploring the topic within the developing country context, though evidence suggests that these regions record the highest rates of water resource pollution. This limits our understanding of the determinants of PEB and thus constrains our ability to develop and implement effective policies to encourage uptake of PEB. Following this, we apply the Theory of Planned Behaviour to explore the determinants of PEB, using structural equation modelling to analyse survey data from rural Ghana. The evidence supports the hypothesis that attitudes and perceived behavioural control affects intentions, and this translates into pro-environmental behaviour. Results further indicate that attitude and perceived behavioural control have a strong explanatory power in people’s intentions, and intentions are influential drivers of pro-environmental behaviour. An explicit recognition of the role of situational factors could offer a profound understanding of the determinants of behaviours that promote water resources management and support the development and implementation of policies aimed at safeguarding the quality of water resources.
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Smith, Susan, David Branford, Richard A. Collacott, Sally-Ann Cooper, and Catherine McGrother. "Prevalence and Cluster Typology of Maladaptive Behaviours in a Geographically Defined Population of Adults with Learning Disabilities." British Journal of Psychiatry 169, no. 2 (August 1996): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.169.2.219.
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BackgroundMaladaptive behaviours are frequently present in individuals with learning disabilities; however, their prevalence varies between studies and the aetiology, classification and most appropriate management of such behaviours remain unclear. The aims of the study were twofold: firstly to determine the prevalence of maladaptive behaviours, and secondly to develop a classification typology.MethodA population of 2202 adults with learning disabilities was surveyed to determine the prevalence of maladaptive behaviours. These were subjected on the basis of 13 behavioural characteristics to cluster analysis. The clusters were further examined in respect of secondary variables.ResultsOver 60% of individuals demonstrated the presence of at least one maladaptive behaviour and in 40% this problem was of either severe degree or frequent occurrence. Men were more likely to demonstrate physical aggression, property destruction, tantrums and verbal abuse than women. Although some severe maladaptive behaviours diminished with age, many persisted through all age groups. Six behavioural clusters were devised which demonstrated face validity and which differed in respect of demographic and developmental variables, and the prevalence of maladaptive habits and autistic symptoms.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate a high prevalence of maladaptive behaviours and ‘objectionable habits’ among people with learning disabilities. A classification of behavioural symptoms may be possible on the basis of symptom clusters.
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Quin, Daniel. "Levels of problem behaviours and risk and protective factors In suspended and non-suspended students." Educational and Developmental Psychologist 36, no. 01 (May 24, 2019): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/edp.2019.4.
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External suspension from school is a common disciplinary practice in traditionally English-speaking countries. Few studies have sought student perceptions of school suspension, as well as measures of problem behaviours and emotional problems, and known factors that influence the development of antisocial behaviour, to examine associations between these variables. Three hundred and four adolescents, aged 12–17 years, from five schools in southern Australia completed a self-report questionnaire that asked about behavioural and mental health problems, and risk and protective factors known to be associated with suspension. Seventy-four of the participants had been previously suspended from school at least once. Having been previously suspended was associated with a greater level of problem behaviours and emotions, poor family management, low school commitment, reduced supportive teacher relationships, and interactions with antisocial peers. School suspension appears likely to be applied to students who lack the ability to self-regulate their behaviours and emotional problems in the classroom. By excluding students from school, pre-existing behavioural problems may be exacerbated by diminishing school protective factors and increasing exposure to known risk factors. Adolescents most at risk of being suspended would benefit from alternative school behaviour management policies and procedures that maintain the school as a protective factor.
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Ab. Wahab, Mastura. "Relationships between religious work values, sustainable work behaviours and sustainable energy consumptions." Management Decision 55, no. 9 (October 16, 2017): 1854–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-01-2017-0039.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine to what extent religious work values such as Islamic work values (IWVs) could have an influence on sustainable work behaviours and sustainable energy consumptions among employees in the workplace. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected through survey questionnaires. The sample consisted of 264 Muslim employees who work in the private and public organisations in Malaysia. Structural equation modelling was conducted using a second-order model. Findings The results showed that religious values (i.e. IWVs) have a significant relationship with sustainable work behaviours and sustainable energy consumptions. The effect on sustainable work behaviours was stronger than its effect on sustainable energy consumptions. Practical implications This study suggests that the policy makers and pundits should pay attention to employees rather than focussing on just the CEO or the managers as the key players in the industries. This would help reduce the emissions of greenhouse gasses and other environmental degradations. Originality/value With regard to sustainability, past studies have mostly used general values rather than religious values in analysing work behaviours or energy consumptions. Furthermore, most previous studies have used behavioural intentions in their theory and concepts when explaining sustainable behaviours. This study extends the literature by conceptualising the value-attitude-behaviour theory which focusses on actual behaviours rather than on intentions in explaining the effect of religious work values on sustainable behaviours and energy consumptions.
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Carr, Nicholas, and Janet Carr. "REINFORCEMENT SCHEDULES AND THE MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD BEHAVIOURS." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 27, no. 1 (January 1999): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465899271093.
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Where a behaviour has been maintained on a variable schedule of reinforcement theoretically it should be possible to reduce resistance to extinction by first putting the behaviour onto a continuous schedule of reinforcement. This approach has been employed in animal research but rarely with human participants, and where it has, with little success. This study describes the use of the approach to overcome some minor problems in the behaviour of young children, the problems being sufficiently troublesome for the parents to consult their GP. All the families who used the approach were successful in remediating the behaviour. Some reasons for this success, in contrast with the disappointing outcomes of some of the earlier research, are discussed. Although the study lacks formal controls it is suggested that the approach could be usefully applied to other common childhood behaviours that have been subjected to variable reinforcement.
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Olya, Hossein G. T., Pourya Bagheri, and Mustafa Tümer. "Decoding behavioural responses of green hotel guests." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 31, no. 6 (June 10, 2019): 2509–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-05-2018-0374.
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Purpose This study aims to present a unique perspective on the application of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) in the context of the green lodging industry via configurational modelling of three TPB dimensions in formulating hotel visitors’ behavioural responses. Attitude towards behaviour, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control are the three indicators of TPB used to predict guests’ continued intention to use and recommend green hotels on Cyprus, a Mediterranean island with a fragile ecological system. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire-based survey is used to evaluate the study’s objectives. A total of 320 guests of green hotels were approached between June and July 2017 and invited to participate. Among them, 260 valid cases were obtained and used for data analysis. The structural model was tested using structural equation modelling (SEM), the configurational model was assessed using the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and the necessary predictor was evaluated using the necessary condition analysis (NCA). Findings The SEM results revealed that attitudes regarding behaviour increased the continued intention to visit and recommend green hotels. Similarly, subjective norms enhanced the guests’ desired behavioural responses. Perceived behavioural control boosted their continued intention to visit, but this was insufficient for predicting green hotel guests’ intention to recommend. The fsQCA results indicated that two causal models explained the conditions of both high and low levels of behavioural responses. The NCA results showed that attitude towards behaviour was the only necessary condition of the two expected behavioural responses. Originality/value Several previous studies have tried to modify, decompose or merge the TPB to provide theoretical support for proposed conceptual models indicating visitors’ behaviours. Beyond such attempts, pragmatic analytical approaches (e.g. set-theoretic method) should be applied to present a comprehensive perspective on the association of TPB indicators in decoding the complexity of customers’ behaviours. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first in hospitality research to use three TPB indicators and three analytical approaches to extend the knowledge of guests’ behaviours related to green hotels.
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O'Neill, Sue, and Jennifer Stephenson. "One Year on: First-Year Primary Teachers’ Perceptions of Preparedness to Manage Misbehaviour and Their Confidence in the Strategies They Use." Australasian Journal of Special Education 37, no. 2 (October 10, 2013): 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jse.2013.15.
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This article reports the findings of a one-year follow-up study of Australian beginning primary teachers’ perceived preparedness to manage a variety of problematic student behaviours, and their confidence and use of behaviour management strategies based on their preservice coursework in classroom behaviour management. A total of 216 primary teachers in their first year of employment located across Australia responded to the online survey. Based on their coursework preparation in classroom behaviour management, the first-year teachers felt, at best, only somewhat prepared to manage disruption, noncompliance and disorganisation problems, and closer to not at all prepared to manage aggressive, antisocial, or destructive behaviours. Their perceptions of preparedness to manage all categories of problem behaviours had decreased significantly since course completion in the past year. First-year teachers were aware of a wide range of strategies for responding to problem behaviours, and felt somewhat confident in using most of the strategies. Their confidence in use had increased for most strategies, but only minimally, since completing their teacher education programs. Issues with current preservice coursework in classroom behaviour management in teacher education programs are discussed, and suggestions for addressing preparation and confidence issues are offered.
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Golding, Kim S. "Connection Before Correction: Supporting Parents to Meet the Challenges of Parenting Children who have been Traumatised within their Early Parenting Environments." Children Australia 40, no. 2 (May 4, 2015): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2015.9.
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This paper is based on a presentation I gave to the Childhood Trauma Conference in Melbourne, Australia, August 2014.Children traumatised within their biological families are described as children who have experienced complex trauma, also called developmental trauma because of the profound impact it has on their development. These children present a range of challenging behaviours within their foster or adoptive families. They respond less well to traditional behavioural management and benefit more from regulatory and relationship-based parenting. This is parenting that focuses on helping the children to regulate their emotional experience through the emotional connection between parent and child before attention is given to the behaviour. Developmentally traumatised children have a foundation of mistrust of parents and thus experience management of behaviour as signs that they are going to be hurt or rejected again. These children need parents who can connect with the child's experience before, or when appropriate instead of, discipline. This is described here as ‘connection before correction’. Correction in this context means helping children to develop pro-social behaviours and to find safe ways to express intense emotional experience. This paper explores the difficulties that the children can experience living in families; how this is expressed through behaviours, and how parents can connect in ways that promote the building of trust and allows successful management of their behaviour.
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Crisp, A. G., and P. Sturmey. "The Modification of Stereotyped and Self-injurious Behaviour by Room Management: Six Single Case Experiments." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 15, no. 4 (October 1987): 350–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0141347300012738.
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Anecdotal evidence suggests that room management is useful in controlling the frequency of behavioural excesses in severely/profoundly handicapped persons. This study involves a systematic investigation of the effect of room management on inappropriate behaviour. Data was collected over a 10-day period on each of six subjects who manifested a range of stereotyped and self-injurious behaviours. Each day formed an ABA design, A representing baseline conditions and B, room management. Room management proved to be helpful in controlling the behaviour in some instances. For other subjects it was clearly not successful. This outcome is discussed in terms of inter- and intra-subject variability in response to environmental change.
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Ofori, Daniel, and Abigail Opoku Mensah. "Sustainable electronic waste management among households: a circular economy perspective from a developing economy." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 33, no. 1 (October 6, 2021): 64–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-04-2021-0089.
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PurposeThe study analyses the factors that promote pro-environmental intentions and sustainable electronic waste management among households in a developing country context.Design/methodology/approachBased on a quantitative survey, a cross-sectional study of households was conducted. Data from 652 respondents were collected using structured questionnaires and analysed with partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).FindingsAmong the findings, environmental values was the major influencer of pro-environmental intentions, accounting for 54.8% of its variance. Whilst pro-environmental intention was hypothesised as a key predictor of sustainable waste management behaviours, results showed that sustainable e-waste management is mainly influenced by perceived behavioural control (β = 0.546, p = 0.000), followed by pro-environmental intentions (β = 0.302, p = 0.000). Perceived behavioural control, on the other hand, was influenced by perceived producer responsibility (β = 0.340, p = 0.000) and facilitating conditions (β = 0.141, p = 0.0.034).Research limitations/implicationsFirst, the study used a quantitative approach. The use of a mixed-methods approach could provide deeper insights into the determinants of sustainable e-waste management practices in a specific cultural context. Also due to the quantitative nature of the study, sustainable e-waste management was based on self-reports. Future studies may adopt longitudinal studies to validate self-reported behaviours with observation. Finally, the study does not include all constructs proposed by planned behaviour and norm activation theory. This is because the main aim of the study was to examine perceived behavioural control as an extrinsic motivator and environmental values as an intrinsic motivator to engage in sustainable waste management practices.Practical implicationsWaste is best managed at source, so the study recommends that producers of electronic equipment must reconsider their role in sustainable waste management, by taking physical and economic responsibility for the environmental costs of their products. Pro-environmental intentions must be encouraged; however, it is not sufficient to cause sustainable waste management behaviours. Consequently, governments must promote and encourage sustainable e-waste management among households by providing enabling policy conditions such as convenient e-waste collection points and positively reinforcing waste reduction, reuse and recycling behaviours. Also, a culture of environmental conservation should be encouraged among households.Originality/valueThe study explores the role of environmental values and perceived behavioural control as a source of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to engage in sustainable e-waste management. The inclusion of facilitating conditions and perceived producer responsibility is justified, based on the call for a collective approach towards electronic waste management. The results of the study throw more light on the tri-party approach, specifically, consumers, business and government role in developing and maintaining a sustainable approach towards the management of electronic waste in Ghana. Also, the study integrates planned behaviour and norm activation based on the strong sustainability argument.
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Owen, Neville, and Christina Lee. "Issues in Changing Behaviour to Promote Health." Behaviour Change 3, no. 2 (June 1986): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0813483900009311.
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Health promotion involves the modification of behaviours which constitute risks to health, through such activities as intensive interventions with individuals, community health campaigns, and legislative and social change. Major target behaviours for health promotion include cigarette smoking, eating habits, exercising, and the management of stress. This paper outlines the range of approaches to behaviour change in health promotion, and considers the stages involved in the behaviour-change process. Theoretical frameworks for dealing with health-related behaviour change are suggested. In considering the relationship between behavioural research and health promotion activities, the process of development from basic research to programmes and policies is outlined, and the importance of maintaining conceptual and methodological rigour when working in field settings is stressed. We also argue that there is a need to take into account some relevant local contextual factors in the development and application of a behavioural approach to health promotion.
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Herrera, James, and Charles L. Nunn. "Behavioural ecology and infectious disease: implications for conservation of biodiversity." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1781 (July 29, 2019): 20180054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0054.
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Behaviour underpins interactions among conspecifics and between species, with consequences for the transmission of disease-causing parasites. Because many parasites lead to declines in population size and increased risk of extinction for threatened species, understanding the link between host behaviour and disease transmission is particularly important for conservation management. Here, we consider the intersection of behaviour, ecology and parasite transmission, broadly encompassing micro- and macroparasites. We focus on behaviours that have direct impacts on transmission, as well as the behaviours that result from infection. Given the important role of parasites in host survival and reproduction, the effects of behaviour on parasitism can scale up to population-level processes, thus affecting species conservation. Understanding how conservation and infectious disease control strategies actually affect transmission potential can therefore often only be understood through a behavioural lens. We highlight how behavioural perspectives of disease ecology apply to conservation by reviewing the different ways that behavioural ecology influences parasite transmission and conservation goals. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities: application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation’.
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Syaebani, Muhammad, Annisa Merdekawati, Monica Devina, and Dindha Primadini. "Political Behaviours of Internal Auditors in the Indonesian Public Organisation." IJHCM (International Journal of Human Capital Management) 5, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/ijhcm.05.01.7.
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Political behaviours are common in a workplace, including in a public organisation. However, political behaviours are like a double-edged sword. They could support the management, but on the other hand, they could also turn into a negative side which generates some drawbacks and inhibits the effectiveness of management. This research focuses on types, causes, impacts, and solutions of internal auditors’ political behaviours. We used the phenomenological methodology and qualitative approach. Interviews were conducted with ten auditors from various backgrounds to ensure the validity of the findings. This research revealed four main conclusions. First, there are two types of political behaviour, namely defensive political behaviour and impressive management. Second, the causes of political behaviour are individual and organisational. Third, the political behaviour could impact intrapersonal auditors, interpersonal relationship, and organisation as a whole. Fourth, this research indicates solutions to encounter the problems by improving the human resource system and organisational culture.
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Dengate, Sue. "Dietary Management of Attention Deficit Disorder." Australasian Journal of Early Childhood 22, no. 4 (December 1997): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183693919702200406.
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The effects of diet on ADHD behaviours is reviewed. Early studies failed to eliminate sufficient problem-causing foods, to recognise the validity of parental observations, to rate adequately some of the most common symptoms such as irritability and sleep disturbance rather than hyperactivity, and focused on the effects of sugar, which has been shown not to cause behaviour changes. More recent studies show that additive-free diets alone are of little benefit and broader dietary intervention is required. The mechanism for behavioural reactions to foods is food intolerance, not allergy. A low-chemical elimination diet followed by challenges can assist in identifying provoking food chemicals. Dietary management can be part of multimodal treatment of ADHD. Parents who wish to pursue dietary management should be assisted in their efforts and referred to a dietitian.
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Ishii, Ryuta. "Conflict management in dual distribution channel systems: the moderating role of learning capabilities." Journal of Asia Business Studies 14, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 525–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-02-2019-0052.
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Purpose In dual distribution channel systems, integrated channels (manufacturer-owned) and independent channels (distributor-owned) are likely to adopt destructive behaviours. To suppress such behaviours, manufacturers need to implement conflict management systems. The purpose of this study is to examine the moderating role of conflict-learning capability (CLC) in the relationship between conflict management system and destructive behaviour. This study also investigates whether interactions between conflict management systems and CLC improve the overall channel performance. Design/methodology/approach Using survey data from 157 Japanese industrial manufacturers, this study conducted regression analyses and mediation analyses. Findings The results show that boundary and compensation systems have different effects on destructive behaviours. On the one hand, compensation systems with strong CLC have a larger impact, although those with weak CLC can also suppress destructive behaviours to some degree. On the other hand, boundary systems with strong CLC suppress destructive behaviours, but those with weak CLC do not. In addition, this study reveals that manufacturers with strong CLC can indirectly improve overall channel performance by implementing conflict management systems and suppressing destructive behaviours. Originality/value Previous studies reveal that boundary and compensation systems suppress destructive behaviours. However, these studies neglect the importance of organisational capability in the successful implementation of conflict management systems. By focusing on CLC, this study advances our understanding of dual distribution and channel conflict.
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ZURAIK, ABDELRAHMAN, LOUISE KELLY, and LOREN R. DYCK. "INDIVIDUAL INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOUR: EFFECTS OF PERSONALITY, TEAM LEADERSHIP AND CLIMATE IN THE US CONTEXT." International Journal of Innovation Management 24, no. 05 (January 15, 2020): 2050078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919620500784.
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This paper is the first to empirically investigate the connections between the Big Five personality factors, ambidextrous team leadership, organisational climate of US workers that supports innovation, and individual innovative work behaviour. A self-report survey was used to obtain data from 215 team members in US-based corporations. We provide an empirically tested model of the positive influence of Openness to Experiences, Extraversion and Conscientiousness personality traits on individual innovative work behaviour. Results also confirm that supervisors’ leadership behaviours and a supportive organisational climate of innovation have a moderating influence on this set of relationships. Individuals can develop their individual innovative work behaviour. Supervisors can adopt higher levels of opening behaviours and executives can create a climate supportive of innovation to boost individual innovative work behaviour. This study further demonstrates that Big Five personality traits interact with supervisor behaviours and a supportive climate to foster individual innovative work behaviour.
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Bourgeois, SR, and L. Brent. "Modifying the behaviour of singly caged baboons: evaluating the effectiveness of four enrichment techniques." Animal Welfare 14, no. 1 (February 2005): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600028943.
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AbstractTechniques to reduce or prevent behavioural disturbances in singly caged primates vary in form and effectiveness, with some behaviours being exceptionally resistant to treatment. Seven singly caged adolescent male olive hybrid baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) were selected for behavioural intervention because of their severe abnormal behaviour. A continuous, all-occurrence sampling method yielded mean durations of abnormal and normal behaviour throughout the 10-week study. Analysis of baseline behaviour verified substantial durations of abnormal behaviour (mean = 9.80 min per 30-min observation period). We tested the effectiveness of four enrichment techniques: positive reinforcement training (PRT), food enrichment, non-food enrichment, and social enrichment (pair/trio housing). Each of the four enrichment conditions was implemented for a two-week period, with 10 30-min observations conducted per subject. We used repeated-measures analysis of variance to examine differences in behaviour durations between baseline and each enrichment condition. The social enrichment condition resulted in the most positive behavioural changes, including increased social behaviour and near elimination of abnormal behaviours (mean = 0.69 min per 30-min observation). Significant reductions in total abnormal behaviour levels were also found for other types of enrichment, but only social enrichment and PRT were effective in reducing whole-body stereotypies. Cage-directed and self-directed behaviours significantly decreased, whereas activity levels significantly increased during all enrichment conditions. The results of this project indicate that animate enrichment (human or conspecific stimulation), as opposed to inanimate enrichment, provides optimal means of behaviour modification for singly caged baboons. These findings have substantial implications for the welfare of captive primates in promoting successful therapeutic approaches for the behavioural management of laboratory primate species and for allocating limited enrichment resources.
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Fors Brandebo, Maria. "Destructive leadership in crisis management." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 41, no. 4 (May 10, 2020): 567–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-02-2019-0089.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to contribute to increased knowledge of destructive leadership in crisis management. The specific research questions are: (1) What types of destructive leadership behaviours can be identified in leaders in crisis management? and (2) Why are these behaviours considered destructive in this context?Design/methodology/approachAbout 21 informants involved in crisis management at regional, local and operational levels in Sweden were interviewed. They were selected since they had recently been involved in severe accidents and/or crises (e.g. terror attacks, forest fires). A grounded theory analysis of interview data yielded two core variables: destructive leadership behaviours, and appraisal: interpretation of leader behaviour.FindingsThe study identified seven different destructive leadership behaviours: four task-related and three relationship-related. Task-related behaviours primarily led to negative consequences for the task/crisis. Relationship-related behaviours have negative consequences for subordinates' job satisfaction, well-being and/or sense of meaningfulness. The paper relates the identified behaviours to existing leadership ideals within crisis management and discusses behaviours that appear to be unique for the crisis management context.Practical implicationsThe paper highlights the fact that great crisis managers are not always good at managing relationships, which may have negative implications for crisis management in the long term.Originality/valueDestructive leadership is a research field that is rapidly expanding. However, there is a lack of knowledge concerning the nature of destructive leadership behaviours and what makes an individual appraise a leader as destructive in crisis management.
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Semarco, Stanley KM, and Seokhee Cho. "The predictive influence of headteachers’ task-oriented managerial leadership behaviours on teachers’ retention intentions in Ghana." Educational Management Administration & Leadership 46, no. 6 (June 15, 2017): 908–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741143217714252.
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The study examined if significant dynamic and reciprocal relationships exist among the task-oriented managerial behaviours of headteachers, and how these behaviours specifically and jointly influence teachers’ retention intention. Out of the multistage sampled 350 schools, suitable questionnaires from 279 schools representing 558 questionnaires filled by teachers provided data on 279 headteachers. The analysis showed that headteachers’ problem-solving behaviour, clarifying behaviour and monitoring operations behaviour influenced their planning activities as leaders. The planning behaviour significantly predicted retention intention and had a significant mediating effect on the relationships between clarifying, monitoring, and problem- solving behaviours on one hand and teachers’ retention intention on the other. The implications of the study’s findings and future research directions are discussed.
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Okumah, Murat, Julia Martin-Ortega, Paula Novo, and Pippa J. Chapman. "Revisiting the Determinants of Pro-Environmental Behaviour to Inform Land Management Policy: A Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Model Application." Land 9, no. 5 (April 30, 2020): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9050135.
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Environmental policies in the realm of land management are increasingly focussing on inducing behavioural change to improve environmental management outcomes. This is based, implicitly or explicitly, on theories that suggest that pro-environmental behaviour can be understood, predicted and altered based on certain factors (referred to as determinants of pro-environmental behaviour). However, studies examining the determinants of pro-environmental behaviour have found mixed evidence. It is therefore important that we revisit these theories to assess if the evidence supports their postulations so that a more robust knowledge base can be established to inform land management policies. In this study, we do this using meta-analytic structural equation modelling (MASEM) to explore whether the evidence on determinants of pro-environmental behaviour supports the postulations of some predominantly applied theories of behaviour and/or behaviour change. The study analyses research in four environmental policy areas to identify implications for land management. Evidence from these related environmental areas is expected to provide insights relevant to the land management literature and to allow us to identify the extent to which lessons on pro-environmental behaviour from these other areas can be transferred to the land management context. Our findings suggest a strong evidence base for the Theories of Planned Behaviour and Reasoned Action, Attitude-Behaviour-Context Model, and the Persuasion Theory, but a weak evidence base for the Value-Belief-Norm Theory and the Norm Activation Model. We also found that type of environmental policy area moderates the relationship between different variables. This has key policy implications since, while lessons can be learnt from other environmental policy areas, land management policies aimed at influencing behaviours will need to be tailored to the specific context rather than simply ‘imported’ from other fields. Such context-specific policies may encourage pro-environmental behaviours, and potentially contribute towards improving environmental management outcomes.
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Cohen, Gabriel, and Neil Martin. "High-Tech Classroom Management: Effects of the Use of an App on Disruptive and On-Task Classroom Behaviours for Students with Emotional and Behavioural Disorder." Behavioral Sciences 13, no. 1 (December 26, 2022): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13010023.
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Students with emotional behavioural disorders may exhibit extremely challenging behaviour that interferes with their academic achievement and social relationships. Failure at school frequently leads to a succession of poor life outcomes including increased rates of unemployment or underemployment. Increasing on-task behaviours and decreasing disruptive classroom behaviours is of crucial importance. If successful, this may promote positive experiences and outcomes in terms of effective learning, and, ultimately, greater opportunities in life. This study evaluated a high-tech approach to classroom management using an App* that offers elements of choice and predictability to students. Teachers were provided with two hours of training on how to upload lesson plans to their smartphone and how to broadcast onto screens in classrooms. A multiple-baseline design across four participants was used and the data suggested that the use of the App resulted in both increases in on-task behaviour and a reduction in disruptive classroom behaviour for all participants.
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Jorgensen, Michael P., Fergal T. O'Hagan, and Hugo Lehmann. "Concussion beliefs in varsity athletes: Identifying the good, the bad and the ugly." Journal of Concussion 1 (January 2017): 205970021773025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059700217730257.
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Objective Identify and describe attitudes and intentions towards personal concussion risk and protective behaviours among varsity athletes. Determine subgroups of athletes characterized by problematic intentions towards concussion prevention and management behaviours. Design Cross-sectional survey. Main outcome measures Varsity athletes ( N = 175; 60% male; 55.4% contact athletes; 56.6% history of concussion) completed a survey examining attitudes and intentions towards personal risk and concussion-management behaviours. Cluster and discriminant analyses were used to identify athlete risk response subgroups on intention items. The clusters were examined for differences in attitudes towards concussion prevention behaviours, demographics and concussion exposure. Results A substantially problematic subgroup of athletes (28% of the sample) reported low intent to engage in post concussion management practices or primary prevention behaviours. These individuals reported high concussion-risk acceptance and very low belief in the efficacy of concussion-management behaviours. They were also more likely to have sustained a concussion. Two other clusters demonstrated more acceptable behavioural intentions towards concussion prevention and management, with one holding model attitudes and intentions. Conclusions Varsity athletes exhibit one of three different patterns of intentions and attitudes towards concussion prevention and management behaviours. Athletes in one of these groups are at much greater risk of concussion injury and poorly follow recommended treatments. Intervention programmes need to target and aim to change these problematic intentions and attitudes to improve the effectiveness of concussion prevention and injury management.
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James, Andrew I. W., Jan R. Böhnke, Andrew W. Young, and Gary J. Lewis. "Modelling verbal aggression, physical aggression and inappropriate sexual behaviour after acquired brain injury." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1811 (July 22, 2015): 20150711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0711.
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Understanding the underpinnings of behavioural disturbances following brain injury is of considerable importance, but little at present is known about the relationships between different types of behavioural disturbances. Here, we take a novel approach to this issue by using confirmatory factor analysis to elucidate the architecture of verbal aggression, physical aggression and inappropriate sexual behaviour using systematic records made across an eight-week observation period for a large sample ( n = 301) of individuals with a range of brain injuries. This approach offers a powerful test of the architecture of these behavioural disturbances by testing the fit between observed behaviours and different theoretical models. We chose models that reflected alternative theoretical perspectives based on generalized disinhibition (Model 1), a difference between aggression and inappropriate sexual behaviour (Model 2), or on the idea that verbal aggression, physical aggression and inappropriate sexual behaviour reflect broadly distinct but correlated clinical phenomena (Model 3). Model 3 provided the best fit to the data indicating that these behaviours can be viewed as distinct, but with substantial overlap. These data are important both for developing models concerning the architecture of behaviour as well as for clinical management in individuals with brain injury.
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Ben-Enukora, Charity, Lanre Amodu, and Nelson Okorie. "Health Communication and Hepatitis Health Management: A Study on the Awareness and Behavioural Practices in Nigeria." Journal of Health Management 21, no. 2 (April 9, 2019): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972063419835128.
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Hepatitis has become a leading cause of death across the globe. Social lifestyle practices and behaviours that predispose individuals to contracting the disease have been identified as factors that constitute huge challenge towards the disease prevention. Against this backdrop, this study examined the residents’ source of information on hepatitis disease, knowledge of the high-risk behaviours that could expose people to hepatitis infection and the effects of hepatitis awareness on current behavioural practices of the study population. The study adopted the survey design and multi-stage sampling procedure was employed. The findings revealed that the broadcast media was identified as the major source of information on hepatitis disease/prevention. Respondents’ knowledge of high-risk behaviours that stimulate hepatitis infection was very low. Knowledge of hepatitis preventive measures was critically low. More so, awareness of hepatitis disease did not influence the majority of the residents to adopt preventive practices aimed at reducing the incidence of hepatitis infection. In view of these findings, the study recommends among others that information on hepatitis prevention should be more ‘behaviour-centred’ and interpersonal communication channels such as opinion leaders, religious leaders, community development officers and community-based health workers could be identified and recruited for hepatitis intervention.
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Fryczyńska, Marzena, and Alena Ivanova. "The impact of networking behaviours and individual social capital related to work on perceived career satisfaction and its prospects: The case of Poland." Journal of East European Management Studies 24, no. 2 (2019): 324–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2019-2-324.
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Social networks are an important variable which explain career issues such as career satisfaction, success, development and employment. However, research is often conducted separately from different theoretical perspective, i.e. social capital, social network analysis or networking, such that the comparison of findings across studies is difficult. The major question posed by our research concerns how employees' networking behaviours (behavioural perspective) and the individual social capital related to work (resource-based) influence the quality of careers. The discussion draws upon a survey carried out among employees (N=373) with a usage of American and Dutch research tools adapted to Polish conditions. Explanatory factor analysis followed to appoint adequate networking behaviours. Descriptive statistical and correlation analyses were then performed between variables in order to test the formulated hypotheses. The results of the study show that networking behaviour is a good predictor of career satisfaction and prospects, while individual social capital related to work is only related to career prospects. The influence of individual social capital related to work on career prospects is weaker than the influence of networking behaviours on career prospects. Thus, the behavioural perspective provides more explanations of career issues than the resources perspective. This paper contributes to the prior literature on individual social capital, networking behaviours and career issues by explaining how two different perspectives of social network influence career satisfaction and prospects. The value of the research is the usage of independent variables representing two different theoretical perspectives to test their impact on dependent variables i.e. career satisfaction and career prospects. The paper concludes with implications for further research and provides some hints for employees and organisations focused on successful work and career.
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Ball, Geoff D. C., Julie M. Lenk, Bobbi N. Barbarich, Ronald C. Plotnikoff, Graham J. Fishburne, Kelly A. Mackenzie, and Noreen D. Willows. "Overweight children and adolescents referred for weight management: are they meeting lifestyle behaviour recommendations?" Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 33, no. 5 (October 2008): 936–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h08-088.
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Adopting and maintaining healthy lifestyle behaviours can help overweight boys and girls manage their weight and reduce obesity-related health risks. However, we currently know very little about the lifestyle habits of overweight children and adolescents referred for weight management in Canada and whether or not they are meeting current lifestyle recommendations. The objectives of this study were (i) to determine the demographic characteristics and lifestyle behaviours of overweight children and adolescents referred for clinical weight management, and (ii) to examine sex (boys vs. girls) and (or) age (child vs. youth) differences with respect to the achievement of lifestyle behaviour recommendations. Overweight (age- and sex-specific body mass index ≥ 85th percentile) children (n = 27 girls, n = 24 boys) and adolescents (n = 29 girls, n = 19 boys) were referred to and enrolled in weight-management programs at the Pediatric Centre for Weight and Health (PCWH) at the Stollery Children’s Hospital (Edmonton, Alta.) from January 2006–September 2007. Information was collected at intake regarding demography, anthropometry, and lifestyle behaviours before participants started a formal weight-management program. Lifestyle behaviour recommendations for nutrition, physical activity, screen time, and sleep were used to determine whether participants were meeting established guidelines. Overall, participants presented with poor lifestyle behaviours. Although most consumed adequate servings of grain products (93.9%) and meat and alternatives (68.7%), few met the serving recommendations for milk and alternatives (31.3%) or vegetables and fruit (14.1%). Physical activity levels were low – 7.4% and 4.1% achieved the recommended time and steps per day goals, respectively. Approximately 1/4 (22.7%) met the screen time recommendation, whereas fewer than 1/2 (47.4%) achieved the nightly sleep duration goal. Sex and age-group comparisons revealed subtle, but potentially important, differences in lifestyle behaviours that have implications for pediatric weight management. This study highlights the sub-optimal lifestyle behaviours of overweight children and adolescents referred for weight management. Intervention studies are needed to determine whether overweight boys and girls who achieve the lifestyle behaviour targets included in this study are able to successfully manage their weight and (or) reduce obesity-related health risks.
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Zalewska-Kurek, Kasia. "Understanding researchers’ strategic behaviour in knowledge production: a case of social science and nanotechnology researchers." Journal of Knowledge Management 20, no. 5 (September 12, 2016): 1148–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-11-2015-0444.
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Purpose This paper seeks to understand the strategic behaviour of researchers when producing knowledge in two scientific fields – nanotechnology and social sciences. Design/methodology/approach The author conducted semi-structured interviews with 43 researchers to analyse the needs for strategic interdependence (resource-sharing) and for organisational autonomy (decision-making) in knowledge production. When aligned, these two concepts form three modes of behaviour: mode1, mode2 and mode3. Findings The empirical study results show that, besides well-studied differences in various publications, there are large behaviour differences between social science and nanotechnology researchers. While nanotechnology researchers’ behaviours are mostly in mode3 (sharing resources; highly autonomous), social science researchers’ behaviours tend to be in mode1 (highly autonomous; no need to share resources). Practical implications This study delivers an understanding of the differences in the strategic behaviours of researchers in different scientific fields. The author proposes managerial interventions for research managers – university and research group leaders. Originality/value While most studies that compare scientific fields look at knowledge production outcomes, the author analyses conditions that differentiate these outcomes. To this end, the author compares individual researchers’ behaviours in different fields by analysing the need for collaboration and the need for autonomy.
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M. R., Othman, Mohammad Roose, A.R., Abdullah S., Abdul Majid, N. N., Mohd Razali I. S., and Wan Husin W.N.I. "Use of Adolescent Problems and Risk Behaviours Inventory (IPERI) to Predict the Influence of Personal Problems on Risky Behaviour among Adolescent in Sarawak, Malaysia." Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development 4, no. 1 (November 1, 2018): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcshd.1060.2018.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores the use of Adolescent Problems and Risk Behaviours Inventory (IPERI)to predict the relationship of personal problems on risky behaviour among adolescence aged14 to 17. The objective of this research is to analyse the influence of personal problems suchas study problems, family support, financial problems, career indecision, peer influence,spiritual management and health condition on the development of risky behaviours amongadolescents. The risky behaviours comprise of eight (8) behaviours which include disciplineproblems, physical bulling, suicidal thoughts, free sex, tobacco consumption, alcohol abuse,drug abuse and media influence. A survey using Adolescent Problems and Risk BehavioursInventory (IPERI) is administered to three hundred and seventy-nine (379) respondents, agebetween 14 to 17. The analysis of Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Standard MultipleRegression showed the existence of significance between all the problem variables, studyproblems (r = .316), family support (r = .256), financial problems (r = .240), health condition(r = .134), peer influence (r = .189), career indecision (r = .185) and spiritual management(r = .242), with the risky behaviour variables. This research contributes to the profilingof adolescents’ risky behaviours which can guide the development of interventions in tacklingadolescent’s risky behaviours.
Keywords: Personal problem; risky behavior; adolescent; spiritual; sexual