Relevant bibliographies by topics / Managed care plans United States

Academic literature on the topic 'Managed care plans United States'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Managed care plans United States"

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Ng, Judy, Faye Ye, Lindsey Roth, Katherine Sobel, Sepheen Byron, Mary Barton, Megan Lindley, and Shannon Stokley. "Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Coverage Among Female Adolescents in Managed Care Plans — United States, 2013." MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 64, no. 42 (October 30, 2015): 1185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6442a1.

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Reddick, Christopher G. "Managed health care plans in Southern United States municipalities: empirical evidence on choice of plan." International Journal of Health Planning and Management 20, no. 2 (2005): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hpm.801.

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Cahill, Michael T., and Peter D. Jacobson. "Pegram’s Regress: A Missed Chance for Sensible Judicial Review of Managed Care Decisions." American Journal of Law & Medicine 27, no. 4 (2001): 421–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0098858800008200.

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Managed care was designed to bring stability and balance to healthcare delivery in the United States, but its experience in the legal system has involved only moderate stability and very little balance. There has been a trend toward broad deference to the industry, so that managed care organizations (MCOs) are largely immune from liability. At the same time, some courts have suggested that the entire managed care model rests on sketchy legal ground. Meanwhile, commentators have disagreed on such fundamental questions as whether legal disputes arising under managed care should be resolved according to contract law or tort law. Moreover, the extent to which the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) governs, or moots, patients’ claims against MCOs has never been entirely clear—and because ERISA controls a vast number of health insurance plans, this legal issue is extremely significant.
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Richards, Thomas B., Megan C. Lindley, Sepheen C. Byron, and Mona Saraiya. "Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination and Cervical Cancer Screening Coverage in Managed Care Plans—United States, 2018." Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 77, no. 10 (October 2022): 585–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ogx.0000892148.56172.bf.

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Carter, C., D. Smith, and N. Tandon. "AB0927 Annual golimumab utilization and costs for psoriatic arthritis patients in united states managed care plans." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 71, Suppl 3 (June 2013): 691.15–691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.927.

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Havighurst, Clark C. "Vicarious Liability: Relocating Responsibility For The Quality Of Medical Care." American Journal of Law & Medicine 26, no. 1 (2000): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0098858800010807.

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AbstractManaged health care has recently generated a great deal of distrust, even anger, in the public mind. To be sure, much of this public reaction is based on anecdotal evidence and one-dimensional thinking. But many unbiased experts observing managed care today are themselves unhappy with the health care industry's performance. While these observers find little justification for the current political backlash against managed care, they are also disappointed that today's health plans have not made a more positive difference. Indeed, informed observers commonly regret that the new arrangements for the financing and delivery of care have done so little to get physicians to adopt truly efficient practices, achieving not only cost reductions but also substantial improvements in health status and patient outcomes— that is, in the quality of care. Although managed care has not demonstrably harmed the overall quality of health care in the United States, it has done little to improve it.
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Collen, M. F. "Historical Evolution of Preventive Medical Informatics in the USA." Methods of Information in Medicine 39, no. 03 (2000): 204–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634344.

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AbstractA major reorganization of healthcare services is occurring in the United States. It has evolved from the solo- and group-practice models of the 1940s with fee-for-service and insurer-indemnification financing that used paper-based information systems to support preventive medical services. In the 1990s there emerged nation-wide, managed-care plans employing enhanced computer-based information systems with online preventive medical practice guidelines and Internet-supported home-care telemedicine. It is helpful to review how this major reengineering of medicine has come about.
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Tornambe, Paul E. "The Impact of Ultra-widefield Retinal Imaging on Practice Efficiency." US Ophthalmic Review 10, no. 01 (2017): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usor.2017.10.01.27.

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I n the current cost- and resource-constrained healthcare environment in the United States, characterized by declining government reimbursement and increased utilization scrutiny by managed care plans, providers are challenged to continue delivering quality care to more patients while also more effectively managing practice economics. Employing technology to improve practice efficiency is one of the most promising solutions to this dilemma. We have demonstrated that the integration of ultra-widefield (UWF) retinal imaging in our practice is cost-effective. It has allowed us to increase the number of patient encounters while simultaneously raising the quality of care, and increasing patient satisfaction.
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Davis, Karen, Cathy Schoen, Katherine Shea, and Christine Haran. "Aiming High for the U.S. Health System: A Context for Health Reform." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 36, no. 4 (2008): 629–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2008.00317.x.

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On the eve of the presidential inauguration, the U.S. health system faces rising costs of care, growing numbers of uninsured, wide variations in quality of care, and mounting public dissatisfaction. Despite spending more on health care than any other country, a recent Commonwealth Fund Commission on a High Performance Health Care System National Scorecard reports that the United States is lagging far behind other major industrialized countries — all of which provide universal health insurance — in five key domains: healthy lives, access, quality, equity, and efficiency. U.S. national performance is well below benchmarks of top performance set by other countries or high performing states, hospitals, or health plans within the United States, with broad disparities in experience depending on geographic location, income, race/ethnicity, and insurance coverage. National leadership is required to manage the growing health care crisis in the United States and improve care for all Americans.
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Jhaveri, M., B. Seal, M. Pollack, and D. Wertz. "Will insomnia treatments produce overall cost savings to commercial managed-care plans? A predictive analysis in the United States." Current Medical Research and Opinion 23, no. 6 (May 17, 2007): 1431–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1185/030079907x199619.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Managed care plans United States"

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Peters, Candice Marie. "A comparison of the levels of patient staffing ratios and staffing mix to the number of patient falls in an acute care setting." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1314.

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Kent, Michelle. "Investigating the Economic Impact of Mandatory Electronic Prescribing Requirements in the United States." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6400.

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Magister Scientiae - MSc (Pharmacy Administration and Policy Regulation)
Technological advancements applied to healthcare may holistically improve the economic burden of prescription medication costs. United States legislative actions requiring utilization of electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) will drive provider utilization to decrease healthcare spending. Federal and state e-prescribe requirements have been met with resistance by the prescribing community, due to claims that the requirements create an economic burden for them. This research intends to demonstrate the long-term economic value of electronic prescribing regulations across the healthcare spectrum.
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Petersen, Mirella. "A retrospective analysis of autism health insurance legislation, small business closures and the percentage of small businesses offering health insurance plans in the United States." Thesis, Central Michigan University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3596751.

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Autism is a rapidly increasing global health concern. In the United States, many families and individuals with autism find it difficult to access treatment for this condition because it is commonly excluded from health insurance plans. Apprehension about passing autism health insurance legislation includes concerns regarding the impact on small businesses. Many businesses advocates and law makers have expressed concern that passing an autism health insurance mandate will cause small businesses to close or to stop offering health insurance plans to their employees. In an effort to substantiate these concerns, this study provides an analysis of publicly available data on small business closures and small business health insurance plans to determine if a relationship exists between passing an autism health insurance mandate and a change in the number of small business closures or the percentage of small businesses that offer health insurance plans to their employees.

The methodology for this study includes testing of Pearson’s r correlation models, semipartial correlation models and analysis of variance (ANOVA) models. Findings indicate there is insufficient evidence to conclude that a relationship exists between enacting an autism health insurance mandate and an increase in the number of small business closures. In addition, findings indicate there is insufficient evidence to conclude that a relationship exists between enacting an autism health insurance mandate and a decrease in the percentage of small businesses offering health insurance to their employees.

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Howard, Steven W. "Medicare managed care : market penetration and the resulting health outcomes." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26133.

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Managed care plans purport to improve the health of their members with chronic diseases. How has the growing adoption of Medicare Advantage (MA), the managed care program for Medicare beneficiaries, affected the progression of chronic disease? The literature is rich with articles focusing on managed care organizations' impacts on quality of care, access, patient satisfaction, and costs. However, few studies have analyzed these impacts with respect to market penetration of Medicare managed care. The objective of this research has been to analyze the relationships between the market penetration of MA plans and the progression of chronic diseases among Medicare beneficiaries. The Chronic Disease Severity Index scale (CDSI) was constructed to represent beneficiaries' overall chronic disease states for survey or claims-based data, when more direct clinical measures of disease progression are not available. Using the CDSI on the MEPS survey dataset from AHRQ, we sought to assess the impacts of MA market penetration and other covariates on the overall chronic disease state of Medicare beneficiaries from 2004 through 2008. Though the model explains much of the variation in CDSI change, the author expected the multilevel model would show that MA penetration explains a significant level of variation in CDSI change. However, this hypothesis was not substantiated, and the findings suggest that unmeasured factors may be contributing to additional unexplained heterogeneity. Policymakers should explore opportunities to refine the current MA program. The MA program costs the federal government more than the Traditional Fee-for-Service Medicare program, and there is no definitive evidence that outcomes differ. Within both programs, there is opportunity to experiment with different models of payment, healthcare service delivery and care coordination. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) contains provisions for innovative demonstration projects in delivery and payment. The effectiveness of these ACA initiatives must be monitored, both for impacts on health outcomes and for economic effects. This research can inform future approaches to outcomes assessment using the CDSI, and multilevel modeling methodologies similar to those employed here. Firms offering MA health plans would be prudent to proactively demonstrate their value to beneficiaries and taxpayers. They should explore means of better monitoring and reporting the longitudinal outcomes of their enrolled beneficiaries. Demonstrating that they can bring value in terms of improved health outcomes will help insure their long-term survival, both in the marketplace and in the political arena.
Graduation date: 2012
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Books on the topic "Managed care plans United States"

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Momoka, Ito, and Nakajima Yui, eds. Managed care programs. New York: Nova Science, 2008.

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Managed care: Made in America. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 1997.

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Peter, Boland, ed. Making managed healthcare work: A practical guide to strategies and solutions. New York: McGraw-Hill, Health Professions Division, 1991.

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Marketing health care into the twenty-first century: The changing dynamic. Binghamton, N.Y: Haworth Press, 1996.

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Baldor, Robert A. Managed care made simple. Cambridge, Mass., USA: Blackwell Science, 1996.

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Managed care made simple. 2nd ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science, 1998.

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T, Horwitz Eve, and Reardon Thomas M, eds. Managed care contracting: A practical guide for health care executives. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1999.

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United States. Health Care Financing Administration. Disenrollment study of health maintenance organizations and competitive medical plans: Interim report to the United States Congress. Baltimore, Md: Health Care Financing Administration, 1987.

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President's proposal to reform Medicare: Hearing before the Committee on Finance, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, first session, July 22, 1999. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1999.

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Contracting with managed care organizations: A guide for the health care provider. Chicago, Ill: American Hospital Pub., Inc., 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Managed care plans United States"

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Rodwin, Victor G. "The Rise of Managed Care in the United States: Lessons for French Health Policy." In Health Policy Reform, National Variations and Globalization, 40–58. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25319-7_3.

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Ní Léime, Áine, and Debra Street. "Gender, Transitions and Turning Points: The Life Course and Older Workers’ Trajectories in Different US Occupations." In Older Workers and Labour Market Exclusion Processes, 19–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11272-0_2.

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AbstractThis chapter interrogates the proposition that extending working life is an unproblematic policy measure introduced to address demographic ageing and increased pension costs. The implications of extending working life varies for workers in different occupations. The chapter draws on interview data from a qualitative study of 17 men and 20 women workers in the United States. Interviewees working either as teachers or in physically-demanding jobs such as care-giving for older people or cleaning narrated their work-life history and discussed their current work, future plans and their views on working longer.Analysis of different strands of their work-life trajectories – work, family, health – from a life course perspective reveals that workers may be channelled into particular kinds of employment and that advantage or disadvantage can accumulate across the life course. It supports previous research showing that physically-demanding work adversely affects workers’ health. Gendered expectations regarding the provision of care can result in disrupted careers for women, leading to lower pension provision and the need to continue working later. Such processes, combined with pension reforms and the increasingly precarious nature of employment can lead to poor economic and health outcomes for some workers. The implications of these findings for policy are discussed.
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Kane, Robert L., and Clive E. Bowman. "Managed Care in the United States and United Kingdom." In The Cambridge Handbook of Age and Ageing, 647–55. Cambridge University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511610714.071.

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Weaver, Linda D., and Clarissa C. Marques. "Managed Care and Psychotherapy in the United States." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 462–65. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.21077-5.

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Weaver, L. D., and C. C. Marques. "Managed Care and Psychotherapy in the United States." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 9162–65. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/01358-9.

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"6 Managed Care and Rationing in the United States." In Life without Disease, 89–103. University of California Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520335578-009.

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"Managed Care: How Is It Managing in the United States?" In Designing Mental Health Services for Children and Adolescents, 329–44. Taylor & Francis, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203782415-37.

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Waitzkin, Howard, and Celia Iriart. "How the United States Exports Managed Care to Developing Countries." In Political and Economic Determinants of Population Health and Well-Being, 147–57. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315231068-15.

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Newbrander, W., and R. Eichler. "Managed Care in the United States: Its History, Forms, and Future." In Recent Health Policy Innovations in Social Security, 83–106. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351307444-7.

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ENTHOVEN, ALAIN C. "CONVERTING TO COMPETITION IN THE UNITED STATES AND THE NETHERLANDS." In Theory and Practice of Managed Competition in Health Care Finance, 119–45. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-70359-0.50009-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Managed care plans United States"

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Bell, C., and C. Blauer-Peterson. "Prescription Patterns Among Newly Diagnosed Patients with Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA, Formerly Churg-Strauss Syndrome): Evidence from a Managed Care Database in the United States." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a6579.

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Milburn, A. H. "Windscale Pile 1: A New Approach." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4540.

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One of the most technically challenging reactor decommissioning projects in the UK, if not the world, is being tackled in a new way managed by a team lead by the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority. Windscale Pile 1, a graphite moderated, air cooled, horizontal, natural uranium fuelled reactor was damaged by fire in October 1957. De-fuelling, initial clean-up and isolation operations were carried out in the 1960’s. During the 1980’s and 90’s a successful Phase1 decommissioning campaign resulted in the plant being cleared of all accessible fuel and graphite debris and it being sealed and isolated from associated facilities and put on a monitoring and surveillance regime while plans for dismantling were being developed. For years intrusive inspection of the fire damaged region has been precluded on safety grounds. Consequently early plans for dismantling were constructed using pessimistic assumptions and worst case predictions. This in turn lead to technical, financial and regulatory hurdles which were found to be too high to overcome. The new approach utilises the best from several areas: • The design process incorporates principles of the US DoE safety analysis process to address safety, and adds further key stages of design concept and detail to generate concurrent development of a technical solution and a safety case. • A staged and gated Project Management Process provides for stakeholder involvement and consensus at key stages. • Targeted knowledge acquisition is used to minimise uncertainty. • A stepwise approach to intrusive surveys is employed to systematically increase confidence. The result is a process which yields the optimum solution in terms of safety, environmental impact, technical feasibility, political acceptability and affordability. The change from previous approaches is that the project starts from the hazards and associated hazard management strategies, through engineering concept, to design manufacture and testing of the resulting solution rather than starting with the engineer’s “good idea” and then trying to make it work, safely and at an affordable price. Progress has been made in making the intrusive survey work a reality. This is a significant step in building a realistic picture of the physical and radiological state of the core and in building confidence in the process.
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Stoica, Adrian-Claudiu. "The European Education Area and the Covid-19 Pandemic." In 11th International Conference on “Electronics, Communications and Computing". Technical University of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52326/ic-ecco.2021/ks.02.

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Over the last decades, across the European Union (EU), the concern for improvement of vocational education and training within the member states grew in importance. The COVID-19 pandemic affected this area of a strategic importance. Therefore, the European Union is considering the adoption of the certain measures aimed at reforming it. According to the EU vision, vocational education and training are essential to the restoring of Europe after the COVID-19 pandemic. Each member state of the European Union manages its national education and training systems and establishes the content of the curricula. According to 165 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, (TFEU), the EU takes on the role of contributing to a quality education, encouraging the cooperation between member states. The fast outspread and the virulence of the COVID-19 pandemic led to the instauration of a panic feeling at global level. The global dynamics was turned upside down, causing survival, production and consume issues. Governments decided to introduce restricting measures across the economical and social plans. World economy was greatly affected: the markets collapsed, both in Europe and the United States, Latin America and Africa. The states adopted measures at national level, closing the borders and enforcing protectionist decisions. In their turn, citizens were ready to accept isolation measures in order to protect their health and lives. At the same time, free circulation and commerce, as well as the financial system, suffered as well. Therefore, autocratic and populist manifestations were greatly fuelled. Recession was in place and hundreds of millions of people became unemployed across the globe. State aids are the only financial resource for millions of people and numerous companies. A complex vicious circle came into being: the reduction of trust led to less crediting, unemployment and bankruptcy.
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De La Garza, Cecilia, and Nora Oufi. "Health Crisis Management and Resilience Factors: A Comparative Study in Two Sectors." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001567.

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The objective of this study is to analyze the modalities of health crisis management in two different sectors during the Covid-19 crisis: the hospital and the nuclear industry. The aim is to:- Characterize the health crisis: similarities and differences compared to other known crises - nuclear, natural crisis (storm, earthquake, flood). - Identify elements of similarity between sectors in the modalities of crisis management and particularities related to the specificities of the socio-technical systems.- Identify the resilience factors and difficulties- Make proposals to enhance the robustness of crisis organizations.Study BackgroundBoth the hospital and the nuclear industry (EDF) have had to organize and adapt to continue their activities from the beginning of the crisis in March 2020.On the hospital side, an emergency plan (White Plan) provides a reconfiguration of the hospital in case of health crisis. On the nuclear side, a Business Continuity Plan exists as well as a pandemic emergency plan (support and mobilization plan).It was at La Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, a reference hospital for infectious diseases, that the first death of Covid19 was recorded. The crisis unit was activated at that time. The hospital then opened its doors to us for human and organizational factors study of crisis management in April 2020. Concerning the nuclear sector, the health crisis management analysis could only be carried out from October 2020 at the national level and the nuclear power plants.Methodological approachWe applied a systemic approach combining ergonomics, cognitive psychology, and sociology to study socio-technical systems safety.The study focused on crisis management via an analysis of organizational resilience to identify the factors of success and difficulty. Given the temporality of this crisis, the study was carried out in three stages at the hospital.1. April and May 2020: i) a series of remote interviews with various hospital staff were conducted; ii) a passive listening follow-up of about 30 phone meetings of the crisis unit; iii) a documentary analysis of the planned crisis organization.2. November and December 2021: i) a second series of interviews in the hospital emergency unit.3. June and July 2021 in the intensive care unit: i) a third round of interviews; ii) field observations in the hospital; iii) a literature review.In the nuclear field we conducted two retrospective studies at different times, focused on the most critical phase of the crisis (from March to May 2020):1. October - November 2021: an analysis of the health crisis’ management at the national level via a series of interviews completed by an analysis of the crisis reference systems.2. August - September 2021: an analysis of the health crisis management in a Nuclear power plant via interviews and an analysis of site-specific documents. ResultsWe observed similarities in the way the crisis was managed, in terms of management, which proved to be factors of success both at the hospital and at EDF, for example,- A crisis management that integrates the business lines and is top-down, but that listens and takes into account proposals from the field.- Experience of crises and emergency situations, which facilitates crisis management and adaptation.- The habit of protocols facilitating the integration of new constraints.- Very strong collective mobilization of personnelHowever, there are linked difficulties in both sectors, for example, to the virus fear, the anxiety of contaminating one's family and friends, especially at the beginning, and then weariness and fatigue linked to the duration of the crisis.Particularities concerning the work activity in the hospital will be discussed especially in relation to the reconfiguration of the services and to the necessary adaptations and improvisations of patients care protocols and procedures, among others.These studies are source of learning, about crisis management and particularly long-term crises that have a lasting impact on socio-technical systems. Proposals in terms of crisis organization and preparedness for this type of crisis will be presented.
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Griesbach, Timothy J., David O. Harris, Nathaniel G. Cofie, Alan Chockie, and Dilip Dedhia. "Basis for ASME Section XI Code Case for Flaw Tolerance Evaluation of CASS Piping." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97712.

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Thermal aging of cast austenitic stainless steel (CASS) piping is a concern for long term operation of nuclear power plants. The effects of aging in susceptible (i.e., high delta ferrite) CASS piping and components must be managed through the license renewal period. In the United States, utilities must follow the guidance for managing age-related degradation in the Generic Aging Lessons Learned (GALL) report, and this may include analyses or inspections to demonstrate that the piping systems remain flaw tolerant. The duplex structure and large grain size of the CASS materials poses challenges with non-destructive examinations (NDE) using ultrasonic inspection (UT) techniques of the CASS components which further complicates the ability to demonstrate that any existing flaws would not compromise piping integrity. Recent analytical studies of fully aged CF8M piping have resulted in a probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) model that has been used to develop allowable flaw sizes based on various levels of probability of failure. This model has been utilized extensively to generate a series of flaw acceptance limits that could be equated to the service levels in the ASME Code. A proposed ASME Section XI Code Case has been developed based on this PFM methodology for flaw tolerance evaluation of CASS piping components considering the effects of aging and uncertainties in material properties. The Code Case is currently under review by the ASME Working Group on Pipe Flaw Evaluation. This paper outlines the proposed Code Case and presents a technical basis for the flaw tolerance evaluation of CASS piping components. The ultimate objective of the flaw tolerance evaluation is to determine allowable flaw sizes in CASS components and determine target flaw sizes for NDE that will ensure safe operation with these components considering possible flaw growth. The flaw tolerance evaluation could be applied for a range of piping systems including pressurizer surge lines and primary system piping made from either statically or centrifugally cast stainless steel.
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Majstorović, Marija, Lazar Cvijić, and Milan Radosavljević. "Real Estate Business is Ruled by Women - Myth or Truth." In Values, Competencies and Changes in Organizations. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-442-2.39.

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The 21st century represents a century in which the world has flourished through technological progress, transforming many businesses in line with digitalization, social networks, and the tendencies brought by the internet generations. In sociological terms, many problems have remained the same despite progress. In this sense, women continue to fight for one of the fundamental human rights - gender equality and non - discrimination against male - female in the social, business and political environment. However, there are many positive examples of women leaders today, presidents of governments and large companies, successful women entrepreneurs, and they dominate in certain branches of the economy. Although care, pharmacy, education, and the like have so far been considered "typically female" professions, the business of intermediation in the sale and lease of real estate is attracting more and more attention of female gender. Whether women dominate such a significant branch of the economy, and why, the author will try to answer by looking at the results and statistics of one of the most developed real estate markets in the world - the real estate market in the United States. Whether women are naturally gifted in the field of mediation in buying or selling real estate or have managed to dominate the market with their professionalism and motivation, are questions that occupy the scientific public, but it is gratifying to see examples of so many successful women in the real estate with amazing careers and results. It can be concluded that it would be commendable if this trend spread over to other branches of the economy, as well as to other countries in the world.
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Almadhoun, Wael. "Assets Information and Data Management for a Mature Digital Twin." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211822-ms.

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Abstract The Company assets average life span have reached 50 years. Which over such a long period creates challenges in maintaining the information changes during the plant life cycle, the change in terminology, formats, standards, and systems. According to today’s digital twin and operational excellence mandates, it is required to manage and represent the physical asset information. For that, the company implemented state of the art technology, which is intelligent, open and scalable data-model. This technology is based on web ontology, and it defines the formal naming, types, properties, and interrelationships of entities that fundamentally exist to represent the physical asset information during the asset life cycle from concept and design to operate stage. The objective of this paper is to share ADNOC Offshore experience, challenges and the benefits gained by implementing asset information Class Library, and the Reference Data Library as aligned with ISO15926 that is known as Data-Model, which describes the engineering Tags classification networks and ultimately represents the physical assets intelligent data and attributes. The data-model fundamentally is based on entities > relationships > values formula, where entities can lead to various values with unlimited relationships allowing any solution to quickly identify all related data in real-time. The formulas allow automatic extraction and identification of entities to facilitate the recognition and associations. This data management approach depends on Ontologies that are a formal way to describe taxonomies, essentially defining the structure of data, where it can be fully utilized to build the digital assets knowledge. Thus, the solution is designed to be flexible and allow reading from various data sources, which enriched the digital assets information and provided business, operations and integrity values. The challenges came from the rapidly growing Data, the newly engaged young engineers, and the demand for new digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, which is adding another layer of complexity. In the recent years, it has proven that this data model is expandable, agile and able to accommodate both small and large variances from projects and changes in standards into one consolidated master model. This in turn acts as the core of enterprise Digital Twin, which provide end users with a unified experience in accessing engineering and operation data. Ontologies are meant to represent information widely and are expected to be evolving frequently based on technical and business requirements in flexible manner and easy to maintain. Unlike the conventional data-models, which is based on database and class hierarchy representing structured data that evolve slowly with complicated constraints. Whereas, with the implemented data-model we were able to add new data sources and classes instantly to represent information for an operation business case.
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8

Stephens, Michael E., Sheila M. Brooks, Joan M. Miller, and Robert A. Mason. "Lessons Learned in Planning the Canadian Nuclear Legacy Liabilities Program." In ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40270.

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In 2006, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) and Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) began implementing a $7B CDN, 70-year Nuclear Legacy Liabilities Program (NLLP) to deal with legacy decommissioning and environmental issues at AECL nuclear sites. The objective of the NLLP is to safely and cost-effectively reduce the nuclear legacy liabilities and associated risks based on sound waste management and environmental principles in the best interest of Canadians. The liabilities include shutdown research and prototype power reactors, fuel handling facilities, radiochemical laboratories, support buildings, radioactive waste storage facilities, and contaminated lands at several sites located across eastern Canada from Quebec to Manitoba. The largest site, Chalk River Laboratories (CRL) in Ontario, will continue as an operational nuclear site for the foreseeable future. Planning and delivery of the Program is managed by the Liability Management Unit (LMU), a group that was formed within AECL for the purpose. The composition and progress of the NLLP has been reported in recent conferences [1, 2]. The NLLP comprises a number of interlinked decommissioning, waste management and environmental restoration activities that are being executed at different sites, and by various technical groups as suppliers to the LMU. Many lessons about planning and executing such a large, diverse Program have been learned in planning the initial five-year “start-up” phase (which will conclude 2011 March), in planning the five-year second phase (which is currently being finalized), and in planning individual and interacting activities within the Program. The activities to be undertaken in the start-up phase were planned by a small group of AECL technical experts using the currently available information on the liabilities. Progress in executing the Program was slower than anticipated due to less than ideal alignment between some planned technical solutions and the actual requirements, as well as the limited available resources of the suppliers to execute the work. Several internal and external reviews of the Program during the start-up phase examined progress and identified several improvements to planning. These improvements included strengthening communications among the groups within the Program, conducting more detailed advance planning of the interlinked activities, and being cautious about making detailed commitments for activities for which major decisions had yet to be made. The second phase was planned using a dedicated core team, and involved much more involvement of the suppliers to ensure feasibility of the proposed program of work and more detailed specification of the required resources. Priorities for executing the diverse activities in the Program were originally set using criteria based on the risks that the liabilities presented to health and safety, to the environment and to AECL’s ability to meet its obligations as the owner-operator of licensed nuclear sites. The LMU later recognized that the decision criteria should also explicitly include the value gained in reducing the risks and liabilities for expended funds. Greater consideration should be given to mitigating risks to the execution of the Program that might materialize. In addition, licensing strategies and processes should be better-defined, and waste characterization methods and disposition pathways would have to be put in place, or clearly identified, to deal with the wastes the Program would generate before many of the planned activities could be initiated. The NLLP has developed several processes to assist in the detailed planning of the numerous projects and activities. These include developing a more formal procedure for setting priorities of the different parts of the Program, preparing an Integrated Waste Plan to identify the optimal suite of support facilities to be constructed, the creation of a series of “pre-project initiation” procedures and documents to guide the development of well-founded projects, and the use of staged decision-making to incorporate more flexibility to adjust Program strategy and the details of implementation at planned decision points. Several Case Studies are outlined to illustrate examples of the application of these planning techniques.
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Reports on the topic "Managed care plans United States"

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Rojas Smith, Lucia, Megan L. Clayton, Carol Woodell, and Carol Mansfield. The Role of Patient Navigators in Improving Caregiver Management of Childhood Asthma. RTI Press, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.rr.0030.1704.

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Childhood asthma is a significant public health problem in the United States. Barriers to effective asthma management in children include the need for caregivers to identify and manage diverse environmental triggers and promote appropriate use of preventive asthma medications. Although health care providers may introduce asthma treatments and care plans, many providers lack the time and capacity to educate caregivers about asthma in an ongoing, sustained manner. To help address these complexities of asthma care, many providers and caregivers rely on patient navigators (defined as persons who provide patients with a particular set of services and who address barriers to care) (Dohan & Schrag, 2005). Despite growing interest in their value for chronic disease management, researchers and providers know little about how or what benefits patient navigators can provide to caregivers in managing asthma in children. To explore this issue, we conducted a mixed-method evaluation involving focus groups and a survey with caregivers of children with moderate-to-severe asthma who were enrolled in the Merck Childhood Asthma Network Initiative (MCAN). Findings suggest that patient navigators may support children’s asthma management by providing individualized treatment plans and hands-on practice, improving caregivers’ understanding of environmental triggers and their mitigation, and giving clear, accessible instructions for proper medication management. Study results may help to clarify and further develop the role of patient navigators for the effective management of asthma in children.
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