Journal articles on the topic 'Man-woman relationships – New Zealand'
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Leslie, G. "VOLCANOES AND MAN-NEW ZEALAND EXAMPLES OF INTER-RELATIONSHIPS." New Zealand Journal of Geography 53, no. 1 (May 15, 2008): 34–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0028-8292.1972.tb00565.x.
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Hurst, Jane, Sarah Leberman, and Margot Edwards. "Women managing women: An holistic relational approach to managing relationships at work." Journal of Management & Organization 24, no. 4 (March 14, 2017): 500–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2017.10.
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AbstractWith women representing nearly half of the workforce in Western countries, it is likely that a woman will have a woman manager and/or employees at some point during her working life. In our research, we worked collaboratively with 13 New Zealand women to develop personal and organisational responses when hierarchical relationships between women become strained. We identified four interlinked strategies at the personal and organisational level: developing awareness of the existence and nature of the conflict, enhancing personal and relational skills such as confidence and communication, building support networks within and outside the organisation, and finding acceptance when change is needed. Taking a gendered relational perspective, we propose that responses to a strained relationship need to be considered within the broader personal, organisational, societal and temporal context within which the relationship is situated. Therefore, we propose a more holistic relational and context-focussed framework to create an environment more conducive to understanding and positive change.
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Stupples, Peter. "Gordon Crook and the Wolf-Man." Tuhinga 33 (August 1, 2022): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/tuhinga.33.82325.
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Gordon Crook (1921–2011) became a significant Wellington artist after his arrival in Aotearoa, New Zealand in 1972. He produced tapestries, prints and banners. In the 1980s, he turned from celebratory public works to more introverted, private imagery, particularly after acquiring a copy of Muriel Gardiner’s The Wolf-Man and Sigmund Freud. In Freud’s analysis of Sergei Pankeev (The Wolf-Man), Crook discovered a set of ideas that enabled him to explore his own infantile neurosis, the result of childhood traumas and his psycho-sexual difficulties in human relationships. The result was a major series of works (1990–91) embracing tapestries and black-and-white prints, two sets of which are in the collection of Te Papa. This paper is based upon Crook’s correspondence over the period of the development of his turn towards more introverted subject matter, as well as a close study of the relationship of Crook’s images to the text of Gardiner’s book.
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Stupples, Peter. "Gordon Crook and the Wolf-Man." Tuhinga 33 (August 1, 2022): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/tuhinga.33.e82325.
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Gordon Crook (1921–2011) became a significant Wellington artist after his arrival in Aotearoa, New Zealand in 1972. He produced tapestries, prints and banners. In the 1980s, he turned from celebratory public works to more introverted, private imagery, particularly after acquiring a copy of Muriel Gardiner’s The Wolf-Man and Sigmund Freud. In Freud’s analysis of Sergei Pankeev (The Wolf-Man), Crook discovered a set of ideas that enabled him to explore his own infantile neurosis, the result of childhood traumas and his psycho-sexual difficulties in human relationships. The result was a major series of works (1990–91) embracing tapestries and black-and-white prints, two sets of which are in the collection of Te Papa. This paper is based upon Crook’s correspondence over the period of the development of his turn towards more introverted subject matter, as well as a close study of the relationship of Crook’s images to the text of Gardiner’s book.
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Daellenbach, Rea, Lorna Davies, Mary Kensington, Susan Crowther, Andrea Gilkison, Ruth Deery, and Jean Rankin. "Rural midwifery practice in Aotearoa/New Zealand: Strengths, vulnerabilities, opportunities and challenges." New Zealand College of Midwives Journal 56 (December 1, 2020): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12784/nzcomjnl56.2020.3.17-25.
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Background: The sustainability of rural maternity services is threatened by underfunding, insufficient resourcing and challenges with recruitment and retention of midwives. Aims: The broader aim of this study was to gain knowledge to inform the optimisation of equitable and sustainable maternity care for rural communities within New Zealand and Scotland, through eliciting the views of rural midwives about their working conditions and practice. This article focuses on the New Zealand midwives’ responses. Method: Invitations to participate in an online questionnaire were sent out to midwives working in rural areas. Subsequently, themes from the survey results were followed up for more in-depth discussion in confidential, online group forums. 145 New Zealand midwives responded to the survey and 12 took part in the forums. Findings: The New Zealand rural midwives who participated in this study outlined that they are attracted to, and sustained in, rural practice by their sense of connectedness to the countryside and rural communities, and that they need to be uniquely skilled for rural practice. Rural midwives, and the women they provide care to, frequently experience long travel times and distances which are economically costly. Adverse weather conditions, occasional lack of cell phone coverage and variable access to emergency transport are other factors that need to be taken into account in rural midwifery practice. Additionally, many participants noted challenges at the rural/urban interface in relation to referral or transfer of care of a woman and/or a baby. Strategies identified that support rural midwives in New Zealand include: locum and mentoring services, networking with other health professionals, support from social services and community service providers, developing supportive relationships with other rural midwives and providing rural placements for student midwives. Conclusion: Midwives face economic, topographic, meteorological and workforce challenges in providing a service for rural women. However, midwives draw strength through their respect of the women, and the support of their midwifery colleagues and other health professionals in their community.
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Wallace, Simon, and Steve Riley. "Tourism 2025: an industry perspective." Journal of Tourism Futures 1, no. 1 (March 16, 2015): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jtf-12-2014-0021.
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Purpose Tourism 2025 – Growing Value Together/Whakatipu Uara Ngatahi is a framework to unite New Zealand's large and diverse tourism industry and ignite strong, aspirational economic growth. Its goal is to see the tourism industry contribute $41 billion a year to the New Zealand economy by 2025, up from $24 billion now. It provides vital context for some collective actions by big or small industry clusters and for thousands of actions individual businesses will take each year. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach A wide range of tourism industry stakeholders were consulted over an 18‐month period to ensure the project was being developed on a solid, evidence‐based foundation. There was strong stakeholder support for a framework which the private sector takes ownership of and responsibility for, but which also recognises that public sector support is vital. The project team developed a “straw‐man” growth framework model which resulted in carrying out detailed investigations and consultation to test and, where necessary, adjust that model into its final form. Findings There were four major forces shaping the global tourism market. There was one positive force for New Zealand countered by three tough challenges. The strawman growth framework comprised five separate yet inter‐connected “cycle of growth” themes. These themes are relatively consistent with global national tourism plans that were studied. Used intelligently and in harmony, with the industry fully understanding the inter‐relationships and inter‐dependencies within the “cycle of growth”, the key themes enable the tourism industry to successfully come to grips with the challenges and opportunities ahead. Originality/value Tourism 2025 is aimed at aligning the industry on a pathway towards aspirational growth.
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Griffiths, Christine, Judith McAra-Couper, and Shoba Nayar. "Staying Involved “Because the Need Seems So Huge”: Midwives Working With Women Living in Areas of High Deprivation." International Journal of Childbirth 3, no. 4 (2013): 218–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2156-5287.3.4.218.
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The aim of this research was to answer the research question “what is the midwifery care provided by midwives to women living in areas of high deprivation?” It has been identified that rates of stillbirth and neonatal death are significantly higher in women living in the most socioeconomically deprived areas of New Zealand. A potential contributory factor to these rates is the issue of access to, and engagement with, maternity services. Yet, little is known about the care midwives provide to women living in areas of socioeconomic deprivation.Using grounded theory methodology, a conceptual framework was developed from data analysis of 8 interviews undertaken with midwives between August 2000 and March 2001. Findings revealed a core category of “staying involved `because the need seems so huge.”’ Four further categories were identified: “Forming relationships with the wary,” “Giving `an awful lot of support,”’ “Remaining close by,” and “Ensuring personal coping.” Throughout, the midwives’ continued involvement with the woman ensured an optimal pregnancy outcome for both the woman and her new baby.The findings from this study inform the care provided by midwives who work with women living in areas of high deprivation and begin to address factors regarding access to, and engagement with, maternity services.
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Gunn, Mairi, Mark Billinghurst, Huidong Bai, and Prasanth Sasikumar. "First Contact ‐ Take 2: Using XR technology as a bridge between Māori, Pākehā and people from other cultures in Aotearoa, New Zealand." Virtual Creativity 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 67–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/vcr_00043_1.
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The art installation common/room explores human‐digital‐human encounter across cultural differences. It comprises a suite of extended reality (XR) experiences that use technology as a bridge to help support human connections with a view to overcoming intercultural discomfort (racism). The installations are exhibited as an informal dining room, where each table hosts a distinct experience designed to bring people together in a playful yet meaningful way. Each experience uses different technologies, including 360° 3D virtual reality (VR) in a headset (common/place), 180° 3D projection (Common Sense) and augmented reality (AR) (Come to the Table! and First Contact ‐ Take 2). This article focuses on the latter, First Contact ‐ Take 2, in which visitors are invited to sit at a dining table, wear an AR head-mounted display and encounter a recorded volumetric representation of an Indigenous Māori woman seated opposite them. She speaks directly to the visitor out of a culture that has refined collective endeavour and relational psychology over millennia. The contextual and methodological framework for this research is international commons scholarship and practice that sits within a set of relationships outlined by the Mātike Mai Report on constitutional transformation for Aotearoa, New Zealand. The goal is to practise and build new relationships between Māori and Tauiwi, including Pākehā.
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Nairn, Karen. "Learning from Young People Engaged in Climate Activism: The Potential of Collectivizing Despair and Hope." YOUNG 27, no. 5 (February 10, 2019): 435–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308818817603.
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Hope takes on particular significance at this historical moment, which is defined by the prospect of a climate-altered future. Young people (aged 18–29) from climate action groups in New Zealand were interviewed about how they perceived the future. Deploying a unique combination of conceptual tools and in-depth analysis of a small set of interviews, I explore young New Zealanders’ complex relationships with despair and hope. Paulo Freire claimed his despair as a young man ‘educated’ what emerged as hope. I extend Freire’s concept in two ways by considering: (a) how hope might also ‘educate’ despair and (b) how hope and despair might operate at a collective level, drawing on Rosemary Randall’s psychotherapeutic analysis of societal responses to climate change. Participants identified collective processes as generating hope. Collectivizing hope and despair is important so that young people do not feel climate change is only their burden to solve.
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Young, Amber, Esther Willing, Natalie Gauld, Pauline Dawson, Nadia A. Charania, Pauline Norris, and Nikki Turner. "Midwives' perceptions of enablers and barriers to pertussis and influenza vaccination in pregnancy and information sharing." New Zealand College of Midwives Journal 59 (August 25, 2023): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12784/nzcomjnl59.2023.4.29-38.
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Background: Vaccination in pregnancy against influenza and pertussis protects the pregnant woman/person and their infant against severe disease. Aotearoa New Zealand has a lower uptake of vaccination in pregnancy than some other countries, despite this immunisation being publicly funded. Coverage is also inequitable, with Māori, Pacific people, and people from high deprivation areas less likely to be vaccinated. Many barriers exist to vaccinations in pregnancy, e.g., access barriers and lack of knowledge about vaccination. Discussions about recommended vaccines with healthcare professionals, particularly midwives, may have a positive impact on vaccine decision-making. Aim: This study aimed to investigate midwives’ perceptions of enablers and barriers with discussions about vaccinations in pregnancy, barriers to vaccination in pregnancy, and influences on vaccine decision-making in pregnancy. The study also aimed to gather midwives’ insights into what might improve vaccination uptake. Method: A structured questionnaire was developed containing a mix of closed and open-ended questions. The questionnaire was sent out to 3002 midwives registered in Aotearoa New Zealand in October 2021, using REDCap electronic data capture tools. Simple descriptive statistics were undertaken on the quantitative data. The answers to the open-ended questions were analysed using a direct, qualitative content analysis approach. Findings: Fifty-one midwives’ responses were included in the analysis (1.8% response rate). Almost all reported sufficient knowledge of vaccinations in pregnancy but had varying levels of confidence when discussing them. The most common enablers to conversations were good relationships, easy communication, and having the time and resources available. Respondents perceived that barriers to conversations were negative preconceptions, communication difficulties and lack of time. Lack of awareness, cost to access services and competing priorities for time were also thought to reduce the likelihood of vaccination in pregnancy. To improve vaccine uptake, respondents identified the need for accessible and suitable vaccination venues, appropriate information and the support of all healthcare professionals involved in maternal healthcare. Conclusion: Midwives surveyed understand the importance of vaccination in pregnancy but there may be lack of confidence, time or resources to effectively engage in discussions. A trusting relationship is important but this can be affected by disengagement or late presentation to healthcare services. Resources to counter pre-existing negative ideas and support communication would help midwives to provide useful information about vaccination. Furthermore, respect and cultural understanding of hapū Māori and their needs will positively support their ability to make informed decisions.
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Gibson, Kirsten, and Fiona Hutton. "Women Who Inject Drugs (WWID): Stigma, Gender and Barriers to Needle Exchange Programmes (NEPs)." Contemporary Drug Problems 48, no. 3 (July 19, 2021): 276–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00914509211035242.
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Global evidence suggests that experiences of access to Needle Exchange services are gendered and that women who inject drugs (WWID) access needle exchange services differently to men. Despite being a significant proportion of injecting drug users, women’s voices and experiences have often been silenced in studies around harm reduction service provision, hampering the development of harm reduction services for WWID. This article highlights the experiences of four women and one trans man who have previously injected drugs, in accessing needle exchange programmes (NEPs) in a New Zealand context. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were carried out with five participants and thematic analysis of the interviews produced three core themes: how stigma permeates WWIDs’ lives; barriers in accessing needle exchange services; and how experiences within a drugs context are gendered. Stigma was an overwhelming issue affecting WWID which also acted as a barrier to their access of NEPs. The WWID in our study in terms of Goffman’s original theorizing were “doubly discredited” as well as “precariously discreditable” due to their gender and injection drug using status. The participants keenly felt their stigmatized status through interactions with pharmacy-based needle exchange staff, perceiving that pharmacy staff viewed them as more contaminated than their male counterparts. Gendered relationships were also noted in injection practices, although initiation for this group of WWID was done by intimate partners as well as friends, dispelling the stereotype of WWID as passive victims. Some participants also learnt to self-inject which gave them a sense of empowerment and freedom as they did not have to rely on others to help them. The social structures that support stigmatizing tropes about WWID need to be addressed as well as more local interventions to prevent stigma in NEPs, alongside women focused services.
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Wakelin, Karen, Judith McAra-Couper, Tania Fleming, and Gwen Erlam. "Exploring the ways communication technology is used by midwives and pregnant women/people: An integrative review." New Zealand College of Midwives Journal 58 (December 1, 2022): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12784/nzcomjnl58.2022.2.11-18.
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Background: Pregnant women/people globally are increasingly using digital technology such as texting, emailing, instant messaging, pregnancy applications, social media and the internet to access information about their pregnancy. There is little information, however, on how the technology is used to enable midwives and pregnant women/people to communicate with each other and what effect this may have on the quality of maternal and newborn health within Aotearoa New Zealand. Aim: To explore the literature on how communication technology has been used to enable midwives and pregnant women/people to connect with each another. Method: An integrative literature review of peer reviewed studies between 2010 and 2021 was undertaken to explore how communication technology was used to enable midwives and pregnant women/people to connect with each another. The initial search elicited 450 articles, of which five met the inclusion criteria. These were then assessed using the Critical Appraisals Skills Programme checklist. Results: The five relevant studies were summarised using an evidence table to enable comparison of themes or relationships between the studies. Four main themes were identified: (1) connecting, (2) access to healthcare, (3) privacy and confidentiality, and (4) lack of skills and knowledge. Using communication technology appeared to provide a safe space for information sharing within which pregnant women/people and midwives could connect. A feeling of connection was important, in supporting the pregnant woman/person in their access to maternity services. This emotional connection was enabled regardless of whether the pregnant person and midwife were known to each other. However, concerns were identified relating to issues of privacy, and the skills pregnant women/people and midwives needed to access and use the technology. Conclusion: Gaps in the published literature were highlighted through undertaking this integrative literature review. The first was in the understanding of how midwives and pregnant women/people use communication technology when communicating with one another, and the second was in how communication technology is used within a midwifery continuity of care model.
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McGregor, Judy. "The pervasive power of man-made news." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2006): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v12i1.843.
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Since the first woman was appointed as editor of a major newspaper in New Zealand in the mid 1980s, what has been the progress of women to top editorships? And what is the status of women at governance, management and staff journalist levels? These questions examine gender equality issues and are important given the power and ubiquity of the news media in modern society. The article analyses participation of women in the news media against the so-called ‘feminisation’ of pre-entry journalism training. The findings show that little progress has been made at editorship level, while there is more progress for senior women just below editorship level. Further, there is a difference in the status of women in governance of public service versus privately-owned broadcasting. The article is critical of the data available to monitor participation by gender and ethnicity in New Zealand journalism over time. Strategies to help break down the pervasive power of ‘man-made news’ are proposed. These include female shareholder activism at the governance level of media companies, and a greater commitment by the New Zealand Journalism Training Organisation to regular monitoring of women’s newsroom participation. Without it the status of women in New Zealand journalism remains invisible.
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Lang, Wang. "The Traditional New Woman and Emerging New Man in Republican China." Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies 24, no. 1 (May 1, 2024): 81–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15982661-11056768.
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Abstract This study focuses on the agony of married New Women, as well as the emerging New Man, in the 1920s and 1930s. While the New Woman in love has attracted considerable scholarly attention, the dilemma of New Women after marriage remains mostly ignored. Relying on literary works as well as articles in newspapers and periodicals, this essay attributes the New Woman's acute dissatisfaction to the uncontested gendered division of labor and the discontinuity between romantic relationships and institutionalized marriage. Intellectuals proposed communal childcare as the solution to the New Woman's dilemma; however, this still left the gendered labor division intact. This essay identifies the traditional role of the New Woman in the family and observes the emergence of xianfu liangfu (賢夫良父, “good husband and wise father”), a counterpart to xianqi liangmu (賢妻良母, “good wife and wise mother”). This understudied discourse demands equal responsibility at home and an attentive fatherhood from men.
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Braga, Corin. "The New Amazons: Second-Wave Feminist Dystopias." Caietele Echinox 43 (December 1, 2022): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/cechinox.2022.43.19.
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"From Antiquity to Modernity, the topic of the Amazons questioned the relationships between men and women, triggering a series of anthropological, social and cultural issues. In the wake of the second-wave feminism of the ’60, resonating with the Women’s Liberation Movement, several authors revisited this topos: Monique Wittig, Les Guérillères (1969), Joanna Russ, The Female Man (1975), Marge Piercy, Woman on the Edge of Time (1976), Joan Slonczewski, A Door into Ocean (1986). In this paper I focus on Joanna Russ’s “polytopia”, and Marge Piercy’s Woman on the Edge of Time, the only utopia (to my knowledge) in which the ideal society is situated not in a different space or time, but in the (delusional) mind of the protagonist. My thesis is that, in these texts, the Amazones’ utopia is a “thought experience”, a demonstration by the absurd warning against the dangers of perpetuating a society that discriminates women."
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Murugesapandian, N. "Tragedy Stories Spilling Over into Family Relationships: Discourses on the Tamil Novel Bhagalathamma." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 8, no. 1 (July 1, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v8i1.6622.
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Puliyur Murugesan has a unique purpose to bind the family in the life of Tamils, where the belief that the institution of the family is sacred has penetrated deeply, and to identify the pains and crises embedded in it and narrate them into stories. The world of men in crisis to conform to the values imposed by the family is detailed in the novel. While thinking, the question arises as to who needs a family? Is it a man? Or a woman? Any organization is created due to social need in one way or another. However, over time the system weakens when it is challenged by internal conflicts. The narrative of the novel Bhagalathamma unfolds in the language of a man struggling in family relationships, creating new replicas in reading.
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Kosmarski, Artyom. "The other, the child, and the trinitarity: towards a new theological justification for heterosexuality." St. Tikhons' University Review 108 (August 31, 2023): 34–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15382/sturi2023108.34-56.
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This paper, written in the context of a public debate on LGBT issues, seeks a novel theological explanation for the uniqueness of the relationship between a man and a woman in the flesh, and an answer to the question of why heterosexual relations are considered in the Gospel and Christian tradition to be the way to God. The author argues that the value of heterosexual relations, which nowadays is no longer considered self-evident, requires a new justification – which the paper attempts to give, drawing on the intellectual resources of modern theology (Orthodox, Catholic, and Protestant) and twentieth-century philosophy. The article begins with an analysis of I Rom. 1:19-27, describing Paul’s position on the subject. Then the author interprets love between a man and a woman as a fundamental experience of communion with the Other, an experience necessary, among other things, for a relationship with God and life in heaven. Next we will consider the profound connection of heterosexual relationships with the conception, as an act of God phenomenon (unpredictable and miraculous) and personal trust in God, and the experience of trinitarian relationships, in the father-mother-child triangle, with the knowledge of the Trinitarian God. The ideas and arguments developed in this article are not based on notions of "normalcy-abnormality," "naturalness-non-naturalness" of one behavior or another, but on principles of path and choice. We argue that our approach may be useful for the church, from a catechetical and missionary perspective, helping to develop a language in which to talk about sexuality and live in the contemporary world.
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Gaidash, Anna, and Monika Denk. "“The New Woman” In Short Prose by Olga Kobylanska and Edith Wharton." Studia Philologica, no. 22 (2024): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2412-2491.2024.2217.
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The notion of the “new woman”, which emerged as a feminist ideal in Western consciousness during the late 19th century, resonates throughout both European and US-American literature. The main character in Olga Kobylanska’s novella “Eine Unzivilisierte” (1898) embodies the theme of female liberation in Ukrainian literature of the era. Similarly, the central female figures in Edith Wharton’s short stories, “The Other Two” (1902) and “The Mission of Jane” (1904), highlight the heightened role of women within the patriarchal society of the United States during that period. Applying close reading, block method and typological approach for the study of diachronic aspects of literary relationships the article analyzes the literary embodiment of the concept of “new woman” in short prose of Ukrainian and US-American women authors. In “Eine Unzivilisierte”, the protagonist Paraska actively opposes marrying a man chosen by others and is decisive in her own choice of partners; she does not feel any obligation to be a typical “housewife”, or to correspond to the typical picture of a woman, with all the activity connoted as typically “feminine”. Independent of her husband, the “new woman” at the turn of the centuries, Paraska proudly appeals to her right and ability to find another partner at any given moment. In contrast to Kobylanska’s novella Wharton’s short stories demonstrate rather submissive behavior of their central female characters, both named Alice. Maternity enables both Alices to subvert the established hierarchy achieving some freedom of “new woman”. In Kobylanska’s novella, the rural setting contrasts with the urban backdrop of Edith Wharton’s short stories, symbolizing the societal constraints faced by the “new woman”.
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Kukharenko, Oleksandr. "STATUSES OF THE MAIN CHARACTERS OF UKRAINIAN WEDDING RITES." Ethnic History of European Nations, no. 65 (2021): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2518-1270.2021.65.05.
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The use of Gennep’s theory of the rites of passage is an important component of structural and functional studies of the cycle of wedding ceremonies. From the point of view of transitions of the main characters from one social status to another (young man, girl – groom, bride – newlywed – man, woman), the ritual structure is divided into four stages. It is established that the transitions take place in the culminating episodes of the rites of engagement, wedding and komora (wedding night), which are the points of the highest level of sacralization of reality due to the energy of the afterlife. The main condition for achieving this level is the conscientious performance of the functional duties of all participants in the rites. As the main characters receive new statuses, their functions change and expand, and other participants are given certain responsibilities to perform. The culmination of the whole great cycle of cycles is the rite of the komora and the final transition to the status of a man and a woman. At the same time, the initial and final statuses are profane, because they constantly exist in real life. The statuses «groom – bride» and «newlywed» are temporary, sacred, because they exist within the rite. But without them, without the rite, without the influence of sacralization from the afterlife, it is impossible to make the transition from the initial status of a young man and a young woman to the final – a man and a woman. The rite of the komora, which is the main, culminating rite of the whole wedding cycle, during which anti-behavioral actions are widely used, when personal and even intimate relationships become the property of community, carries out not only the transition of the main characters, but all participants of wedding ceremonies. There is an exit from the rite, and hence the return of profane statuses that existed before entering the rite. In the Ukrainian language, the terms that mean ritual or sacred social statuses are monosyllabic (groom – bride; newlywed; bridesmen), while profane statuses differ from each other (man - woman; boys – girls).
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Reynolds, Jill. "Patterns in the Telling: Single Women's Intimate Relationships with Men." Sociological Research Online 11, no. 3 (September 2006): 98–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.1381.
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This article explores some ways in which women not living with an intimate partner talk about their relationships with men. Data are considered in relation to social theorising on the changing nature of intimate relationships. The analysis makes use of traditions in narrative analysis and critical discursive psychology to identify some patterns in the telling, including common cultural resources that are drawn on by speakers. Patterned ways of portraying relationships identified in the data discussed here include a self-blame approach in describing extreme behaviour from the man concerned, and a repudiation of any intention of commitment through talk of the positive features of relationships with unavailable men. A further way of talking introduces a ‘new realism’ in which relationships are depicted as right for a time but dispensable when their time is up. The analysis suggests that concepts of individualisation and impermanence in relationships provide new cultural resources that women can draw on in providing a self-narrative. The data demonstrate the detailed rhetorical work involved in producing a positive account of the self as a single woman.
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Richardson, Megan. "Protecting women who provide security for a husband's, partner's or child's debts. the value and limits of an economic perspective." Legal Studies 16, no. 3 (November 1996): 368–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1996.tb00535.x.
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In recent cases English, Australian, and New Zealand courts have been called on to deal with apparently similar fact situations of a woman entering into a mortgage, guarantee or joint loan contract with respect to a husband’s, partner’s or child's business debts, placing her home at risk. Yet the results and reasoning in the cases appear to be markedly different. The question is whether the apparent differences can be resolved to yield a coherent policy approach. It will be argued, drawing on an economic-feminist perspective that the cases can be resolved in terms of the courts’ preparedness to acknowledge only limited categories of behaviour and circumstances, when measured against the paradigm of the ‘rational economic man’, as displacing the assumption that contracting increases welfare.
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Ragaišienė, Vilija. "Expression of Man’s Portrait in the Dictionary of the Southern South Aukštaitian Subdialects." Vilnius University Open Series, no. 5 (December 4, 2020): 246–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/vllp.2020.12.
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The article examines the expression of a person living in the area of the Southern South Aukštaitian, describing the appearance and physical characteristics, features of the character and temper, social status and relationships based on the material in the two-volume Comprehensive Dictionary of the Southern South Aukštaitian Subdialects (Vol I published in 2016, Vol II in 2019).To begin with, the study includes all sentences that use the word man. It is also based on the examples where it is replaced by pronouns (I, you, he, she etc.), kinship terms (mother, father, brother, sister, grandson, granddaughter, aunt, uncle etc.), nouns that designate individuals by the gender (boy, girl, woman, woman, man etc.) and other. All the sentences in the dictionary that speak of man are analysed.The lexicographic data show that a person (man, woman, child) is an individual living in the Southern South Aukštaitian area. He/she is a kind-hearted, sincere, open, tolerant, cheerful and witty, hardworking and creative representative of the people and dialect; also energetic and persevering, though not always physically strong and capable.The analysis carried out reveals the genesis of the concept of man, and shows the attitude of several generations to man. The illustrative sentences highlight the stereotypical image of a person living in the Southern South Aukštaitian area (cheerful, generous, and hardworking, believes in God and is superstitious, values the family etc.) and show the new emerging traits (laziness, drinking, stealing, disobeying, immoral and dishonest etc.). The analysis of the dialectical discourse reveals the difference between the archaic and contemporary approaches; the ongoing changes in material and spiritual life are revealed.The material in the dictionary reveals the wonderful harmony of man and nature, which has been formed over several centuries, with the community living in a relatively isolated, closed environment. The worldview of man living in the area of the Southern South Aukštaitian area is interwoven with the old mythological world, the mysteries of the Catholic faith, and the realities of the present. Although the world is changing, old values and customs are disappearing and villages are abandoned, people are optimistic about the world. Work, family, faith in God and man are their greatest values.
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Armstrong, Tim. "The Nuclear Family from Wellington to Hiroshima: Eithne Wilkins's ‘Oranges and Lemons’." Modernist Cultures 17, no. 1 (February 2022): 127–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/mod.2022.0362.
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This is a recuperative essay addressing the work of Eithne Wilkins (1914–75), a poet with a strong presence in journals of the 1940s and 1950s, but now mainly remembered as the first translator (with her husband Ernst Kaiser) of Musil's The Man Without Qualities. I argue for her importance as a largely forgotten late modernist, and examine her major poetic sequence ‘Oranges and Lemons’, possibly the only long poem published by an English woman writer between 1945 and 1960, and almost certainly the most ambitious. It is comprised of a series of allusive poems incorporating memories of her New Zealand childhood, of her father Edgar, portrayed as a fire-watching doctor, and of the experience of her brother Maurice Wilkins, who worked on the Manhattan Project and later won a Nobel Prize. I argue that the poem, with its complex and personal mythopoesis, represents a response to global conflict in which the scattering of the ‘nuclear family’ figures a hemispheric war.
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Gadylshin, Timur R. "“The war between the sexes” in the works of F. Norris (The novels “Moran of the Lady Letty” and “A Man’s Woman”)." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philology. Journalism 22, no. 4 (November 23, 2022): 421–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2022-22-4-421-427.
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The article seeks to explore the concepts of masculinity and androgyny in the works of the American writer Frank Norris (1870- 1902). Based on two novels, “Moran of the Lady Letty” and “A Man’s Woman”, the study examines the peculiarity of male and female images. The interaction of the sexes often grows irreconcilable, and the theme of emancipation becomes one of the key ones in the writer’s work. Norris creates a new model of female behavior, unusual for the literary tradition of the past: women in his works demonstrate great fortitude and are able to play unexpected roles. In the novel “Moran of the Lady Litty”, Moran Sternersen who has been sailing the seas since childhood, is able to take control of the ship’s crew, consisting entirely of men. At the same time, she sets an example for her lover, Ross Wilbur, who at the beginning of the novel is presented as a pampered young man. Raised in an aristocratic environment, Ross feels a lack of masculine qualities and unexpectedly discovers them in Moran. In his relationship with the girl the man seeks to adopt definite traits and skills from her, such as firmness in interpersonal relationships, the ability to fight, to take quick decisions, etc. Lloyd Searight from the novel “A Man’s Woman” revives the waning will of her husband, Ward Bennett, a polar explorer, demoralized by the failure of his last expedition to the North Pole. Lloyd, who works in the hospital as a nurse, quits her profession in order to help her husband to recover. Having been healed, Bennett realizes that his wife has suffered just as much, and decides to make a new attempt to conquer the Arctic. Thus, Norris demonstrates the obsolescence of sexual prejudice in a rapidly changing America of 1890–1900s and offers an original interpretation of the ideas of masculinity and androgyny.
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Żmudziński, Marek Andrzej. "Disputes regarding the sacral dimension of marriage in Poland from 1945-1948." Civitas et Lex 31, no. 3 (October 2, 2021): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/cetl.6363.
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Poland in the latter half of the 20th century was a place where the Christian vision of the world struggled with the Marxist vision and the totalitarian political system that stemmed from it. The civil law that regulated entering into marriage and its consequences was one of the key areas of dispute. This paper presents the origin of the conflict started by the act of 25 September 1945, which introduced new regulations, contrary to the centuries-old tradition based on the Christian axiology. Civil relationships and the permissibility of divorce were their main points. The Church responded with a pastoral letter – the first one since the end of the war – defending the sacramental nature of marriage. It emphasised the unique dignity of the marriage of the man and the woman, based on mature love, which leads to creating a family and building a community.
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Shanzer, Danuta. "Avulsa a Latere Meo: Augustine's Spare Rib — Confessions 6.15.25." Journal of Roman Studies 92 (November 2002): 157–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3184864.
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In A.D. 385, after more than a decade together, Augustine parted from his in many ways mysterious first partner, ‘la mère d'Adeodat’. The woman (hereafter ‘Anonyma 1’) was taken away from him. She returned to Africa vowing never to have sexual relations with another man, and left the child with Augustine. But he was unable to tolerate celibacy and took another woman (henceforth ‘Anonyma 2’) to while away the two years until his marriage. In the meantime he still missed his first one, and the wound left by the separation failed to heal. Many scholars have cited and discussed Augustine's description of the episode, but few have commented on the language, which is highly significant, or its implications for Augustine's biography. This article will begin with a selective commentary on Conf. 6.15.25 and continue with a reinterpretation of a key text in Augustine's marital theology. It will then trace some of the broader legal and historical issues raised by Augustine's account in the Confessions to make some new suggestions about the chronology, constraints, and nature of his relationship with Anonyma 1. This study, it is hoped, will be of general interest to Romanists for the insight into the ambiguities of Roman marriage and quasi-marital relationships provided by Augustine's Confessions.
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King, Kylie Elizabeth, Marisa Schlichthorst, Matthew J. Spittal, Andrea Phelps, and Jane Pirkis. "Can a documentary increase help-seeking intentions in men? A randomised controlled trial." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 72, no. 1 (November 3, 2017): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-209502.
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BackgroundWe investigated whether a public health intervention—a three-part documentary called Man Up which explored the relationship between masculinity and mental health, well-being and suicidality—could increase men’s intentions to seek help for personal and emotional problems.MethodsWe recruited men aged 18 years or over who were not at risk of suicide to participate in a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) via computer randomisation to view Man Up (the intervention) or a control documentary. We hypothesised that 4 weeks after viewing Man Up participants would report higher levels of intention to seek help than those who viewed the control documentary. Our primary outcome was assessed using the General Help Seeking Questionnaire, and was analysed for all participants. The trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12616001169437, Universal Trial Number: U1111-1186-1459) and was funded by the Movember Foundation.ResultsThree hundred and fifty-four men were assessed for eligibility for the trial and randomised to view Man Up or the control documentary. Of these, 337 completed all stages (nine participants were lost to follow-up in the intervention group and eight in the control group). Linear regression analysis showed a significant increase in intentions to seek help in the intervention group, but not in the control group (coef.=2.06, 95% CI 0.48 to 3.63, P=0.01).ConclusionsOur trial demonstrates the potential for men’s health outcomes to be positively impacted by novel, media-based public health interventions that focus on traditional masculinity.Trial registration numberACTRN12616001169437, Results.
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Pacilio, Mario, Silvio Borrelli, Giuseppe Conte, Roberto Minutolo, Antonino Musumeci, Giuliano Brunori, Patrizia Veniero, et al. "Central Venous Stenosis after Hemodialysis: Case Reports and Relationships to Catheters and Cardiac Implantable Devices." Cardiorenal Medicine 9, no. 3 (2019): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000496065.
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The appropriate vascular access for hemodialysis in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) is undefined. We describe two cases of end-stage renal disease patients with CIED and tunneled central venous catheter (CVC) who developed venous cava stenosis: (1) a 70-year-old man with sinus node disease and pacemaker in 2013, CVC, and a Brescia-Cimino forearm fistula in 2015; (2) a 75-year-old woman with previous ventricular arrhythmia with implanted defibrillator in 2014 and CVC in 2016. In either case, after about 1 year from CVC insertion, patients developed superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome due to stenosis diagnosed by axial computerized tomography. In case 1, the patient was not treated by angioplasty of SVC and removed CVC with partial resolving of symptoms. In case 2, a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with placement of a new CVC was required. To analyze these reports in the context of available literature, we systematically reviewed studies that have analyzed the presence of central venous stenosis associated with the simultaneous presence of CIED and CVC. Five studies were found; two indicated an increased incidence of central venous stenosis, while three did not find any association. While more studies are definitely needed, we suggest that these patients may benefit from epicardial cardiac devices and the insertion of devices directly into the ventriculus. If the new devices are unavailable or contraindicated, peritoneal dialysis or intensive conservative treatment in older patients may be proposed as alternative options.
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Goryunov, Andrey A. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC ELEMENTS OF THE MECHANISM MOTIVATIONS OF MARRIAGE AND FAMILY RELATIONS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 5/1, no. 125 (2022): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2022.05.01.016.
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Marriage is understood as a personal interaction between a man and a woman, regulated by moral principles and duties. Changes in the socio-economic structure of our country, which have taken place in recent decades, have led to a serious crisis in the institution of the family. The number of divorces dissatisfied with family relations is growing. This article explores the motivations and mechanisms for the formation of new family relationships, the motives for creating marriage at different stages of the period of adulthood. Requirements for a marriage partner are an indicator of a person's needs under certain socio-economic conditions. Despite the predominance of the importance of the sphere of hobbies, professional development and active social life of women and men, the sphere of family life turned out to be the most significant. Among the motives most often indicated in men is the desire to take care, and in women the desire to be cared for, the desire to love and be loved.
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Treep, Lucy. "Part of the Landscape." Architectural History Aotearoa 19 (December 13, 2022): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/aha.v19i.8051.
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In 1969, Lincoln College (later University) opened a two-year postgraduate course in Landscape Architecture, the first of its kind in New Zealand. It was described as "for those who seek employment as professional landscape designers in private consulting practice or as members of planning teams in departments concerned with major engineering projects, highways, forestry, conservation and large-scale agricultural development." The college was seen to actively encourage women into the profession and from the first days of the course at Lincoln, women were part of the landscape. On March 3, 1969, Emily Mulligan was one of five founder students attending the first lecture of this new course. After Mulligan graduated in 1971, she was joined, in 1974, by Di Lucas, Diane Menzies and Esmae Sage, and not long after then, women started to regularly fill about half of each Landscape Architecture class. In comparison, the first woman student at the Auckland College School of Architecture, Laura Cassels-Browne, enrolled in 1926, nine years after the establishment of the school. The first woman graduate of the School of Architecture was Merle Greenwood in 1933, 16 years after the school's establishment. Even in the 1960s and 70s women architecture students (who still made up small numbers) reported feeling uncertain of their welcome into the profession. Drawing on conversation with Emily Mulligan (now Williams), this paper will explore the nature of the landscape course at Lincoln, in what ways women students were encouraged in its early days, and the relationship of the course with the wider profession.
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Richards, H. K., M. Czosnyka, P. J. Kirkpatrick, and J. D. Pickard. "Estimation of laser-Doppler flux biological zero using basilar artery flow velocity in the rabbit." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 268, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): H213—H217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1995.268.1.h213.
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Laser-Doppler flowmetry has potential for continuous cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement in man and experimental animals. However, laser-Doppler flux (LDFx) measured when perfusion is absent (the biological zero, 0biol) does not necessarily coincide with the instrument's electrical zero. To evaluate laser-Doppler flowmetry further we have compared LDFx in rabbits with continuous measurement of the maximum flow velocity (FVx) in the basilar artery using Doppler ultrasonography. Arterial blood pressure (ABP), FVx, and LDFx were measured continuously in anesthetized New Zealand White rabbits. ABP was altered by controlled hemorrhage with subsequent reinfusion. 0biol was estimated from regression analysis of FVx vs. LDFx and compared with 0biol obtained after death. There was a strong linear relationship between LDFx and FVx (r = 0.94). The absolute difference between estimated 0biol and true 0biol was 5.24% of control prehemorrhage LDFx. Variations in 0biol (range 4-409) suggest that percent changes in LDFx must be related to 0biol if results between individual animals are to be compared.
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Tolvhed, Helena. "Hälsosam femininitet och postfeministiska subjekt." Tidskrift för genusvetenskap 37, no. 3 (June 10, 2022): 75–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.55870/tgv.v37i3.3070.
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During the last decades of the 1900s, a commercial health industry transformed a previous Swedish public health regime characterised by strong state control. Running and exercising at gyms are now widely practiced, and new products, diets and trends constantly appear. Part of this is a booming market of health- and fitness magazines, and this article examines the representation of healthy femininity in one of the more popular titles on the Swedish market, iForm, during the years 1987, 1997 and 2007. An ideology of healthism has been identified as salient to neoliberal late-modern society, where health and a fit body are important lifestyle markers and metaphors for the good life. This includes historically new gender ideals – the well-trained female body and the appearance-oriented man – closely associated with diet and exercise practices. This article discusses the “fit” woman as a historically new ideal and engages in the feminist debate on how to understand her: is she a norm-breaking emancipatory figure, or a post-feminist celebration of the strong individual communicating the message that there is no longer a need for feminist struggle? The study indicates that a discourse of individualism and personal responsibility grows increasingly prominent during the interrogated time period. Sport and play are replaced by more “rational” forms of exercise, for example in the gym. The very definition of health becomes more narrow; areas such as sex and relationships have disappeared from the magazine in 2007, as has more general educational articles on the body. Instead, the focus on diet and exercise has increased. Furthermore, the study of iForm shows that the models used to represent “health” are conventionally beautiful, smiling, white and predominately thin rather than obviously muscular. This, I conclude, limit the destabilizing potential of the “fit” woman in iForm.
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Sharma, Urmila, and J. K. Sharma. "Hollowness of life in A Himalayan Love Story." VEETHIKA-An International Interdisciplinary Research Journal 9, no. 1 (March 24, 2023): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.48001/veethika.2023.09.01.004.
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Namita Gokhale has contributed for the upliftment of human life. Through her pen, she has diagnosed the problems of contemporary society which are the result of degradation of human values. Today man and woman both are economically and socially sound but moral degradation has shattered the real motive of life. The objective of this paper is to explore the fact that moral values are not the fetters of life but they give rise to those dimensions which take life to a new height. Parvati's life exhibits the negative aspects of hollowness. How the emptiness made Parvati 's normal life to embark upon the wrong track. At an early age a child imbibes only humane aspects but as he grows, his surroundings inculcate in him the selfish motives. Parvati was also an innocent child who used to build the palace from pine cones. For imbibing desirable and undesirable habits, the family and society both are equally responsible. Here, the aim of Namita Gokhale is not to tell a fiction just for entertainment. The novel motivates us to think the value of true relationships which is hidden inside the story. The novel expounds the significance of emotions, sentiments and values in life. Namita Gokhale has tried to assure her readers that materialistic world is not the goal of life. Man is born with a definite purpose and to get it, he has to think beyond the worldly attachment and illusions.
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Allman, Jean. "Rounding up Spinsters: Gender Chaos and Unmarried Women in Colonial Asante." Journal of African History 37, no. 2 (July 1996): 195–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700035192.
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Between 1929 and 1932 in a number of villages and towns throughout rural Asante, chiefs were ordering the arrest of all women who were over the age of fifteen and not married. A woman was detained until she spoke the name of a man whom she would agree to marry and the man in question paid a release fee. If the man refused, he too was imprisoned or fined up to £5. If he agreed, he paid a small marriage fee to the woman's parents and one bottle of gin. Based on the correspondence of colonial officials, customary court records and the life histories and reminiscences of women who were among the spinsters caught, this article explores gender and social change in colonial Asante by dissecting and contextualizing the round-up of unmarried women. It seeks to understand this unusual episode in direct state intervention into the negotiating of marriage and non-marriage as part of the general chaos in gender relations that shook Asante in the years between the two World Wars. This chaos, often articulated in the language of moral crisis was, more than anything, about shifting power relationships. It was chaos engendered by cash and cocoa, by trade and transformation. From 1921 to 1935, with cocoa well-established in many parts of Asante, women's roles in the cash economy were changing and diversifying. Many wives were making the move from being the most common form of exploitable labour during the initial introduction of cocoa to themselves exploiting new openings for economic autonomy. That women were beginning to negotiate their own spaces within the colonial economy precipitated a profound crisis in conjugal obligations in Asante - a crisis requiring drastic measures. The rounding up of unmarried women was one of several weapons used by Asante's chiefs in the struggle to reassert control over women's productive and reproductive labour.
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Clay, Simon. "Wild Self-Care." Somatechnics 12, no. 1-2 (August 2022): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/soma.2022.0378.
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Self-care has become a major topic in recent years; everyone seems to be talking about it. Within the academy, discussions on self-care often revolve around the neoliberalisation of self-care, how these practices commodify bodies and lives, and the intimate relationship between the biomedical model of health and self-care. This article takes a radical departure from the current purview of self-care discussions and offers an emancipatory alternative: ‘wild self-care’. This ‘wild’ model of self-care considers how creative, alternative, transgressive, and/or unexpected forms of care can be legitimate ways of pursuing well-being. Wild self-care is highly emotional in nature, articulates the way care is inherently communal, and ultimately grounded in the pursuit for agency. Drawing from a set of interviews conducted with 16 individuals in Aotearoa New Zealand and Australia who identified as a gay/queer man or a member of the gay community, I describe a range of different wild self-care practices and demonstrate how sex work, drug use, sex in public, kink, and alternative forms of political activism can be used as legitimate ways of caring for the self and pursuing well-being.
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Firoja Parvin. "Identity Exploration and Representation of Motherhood in the Poetry of Ranu Uniyal." Creative Saplings 2, no. 02 (May 25, 2023): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.02.287.
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Ranu Uniyal, one of the important personalities of confessional mode, is always under review for her obsessive openness and pervasiveness, but she reaches her destination by displaying the sterling image of patriarchy. Uniyal’s poems not only present the everyday lived reality of ordinary women but also the strong independent women having power and who must outbrave the societal regulations and norms to assert their identity as human beings full of love and affection. Ranu Uniyal’s poems incorporate the strong experience both as a mother and as the daughter of powerful mothers whose personalities shape their identity as women. Among the modern Indian poets who are writing in English today, she has been ranked with such poetesses of dissatisfaction and discontent as Kamala Das. By engaging with the everyday life of her mother and her motherhood, the poet tries to understand the reality of universal motherhood in a poetic way. The studies of Ranu Uniyal’s poems add a new dimension to Indian poetry in English through the subtle and honest probing of man-woman relationships. She does not debunk the whole ideology of motherhood in her writing. Instead, her critical understanding of motherhood paves the path for women’s agency, autonomy, and identity regarding motherhood.
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Piacentino, John, and Thais Morata. "SS42-05 NIOSH EXPERIENCE WITH PLANNING AND DEVELOPING SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (July 1, 2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0257.
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Abstract Introduction The U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has the mandate to assure “every man and woman in the Nation safe and healthful working conditions and to preserve our human resources”. NIOSH’s mission is to develop new knowledge in the field of occupational safety and health and to transfer that knowledge into practice. As a research agency focused on the study of worker safety and health, NIOSH uses a variety of methods to generate and synthesize information, including systematic reviews. Systematic review uses transparent and explicit methods for critically appraising a body of literature to answer key questions. Materials and Methods We will review NIOSH experience in developing and contributing to systemic reviews to highlight several key questions, challenges and opportunities for adapting their principles to occupational safety and health topics. Results Key questions in occupational safety and health include identifying hazards, characterizing risk, understanding dose-response relationships, determining intervention effectiveness and managing risk. Challenges include heterogenous sources of data, limited research designs and a variety of decision contexts. Conclusions Systematic reviews inform the process of producing NIOSH recommendations and offer relevant and valuable tools for critically appraising literature, answering key questions and addressing unique challenges that arise when applying their methods to occupational safety and health topics.
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Тарасюк, Лариса Сергіївна. "ФЕНОМЕН АНДРОГІННОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ." Humanities journal, no. 4 (December 19, 2018): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/gch.2018.4.03.
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This article investigates the theme of human being to human being relations and the display of constructive or destructive forms of man and woman relations. The investigated problem is examined in the plane of androgyny culture and its modi. Modern society needs a quite different level of relations, the one that makes us human. Development of modern society puts imperatives to us that pseudo-culture, which is quite often offered to us, cannot provide. The degree of spiritual culture development is determined by people’s spiritual values development, by many-sidedness and multiplicity of spiritual potential forms realization. Main sense of such a culture is disclosed in self-expression and reflection. Development of culture is impossible without confirmation of its values on the personal level, which gives the ability to put into effect potential of uniqueness, unrepeatedness of one’s individuality, creation of qualitatively new relationships, new models of cooperation and partnership. In today’s world, human being’s self-knowledge is deepening, it includes new and new spheres of investigation, therefore relations between people, relations between genders become a new, little studied plane. Inwardly and personally rethinking manifestations of male and female energies, their interaction, aware of their work in themselves, a person can rise to a more qualitative level of being in the space of the relation to human being, gender, world, to God. Interpersonal relations are our culture of relationships, which must be human. Today, there is a plurality of pathological forms of interpersonal relationships that destroy not only communication but also the internal world of personality. Culture provides an opportunity to show all the best in a person, which is revealed through the partnership of men and women in various forms. Modern society is striving for a completely different culture of relations that could satisfy all soul and spiritual needs through humanity. Thus, people do not need to be satisfied and choose among various simulacrum that pseudo-culture offers today. Consequently, spiritual culture, which functions as a holistic entity and forms the socio-spiritual phenomenon, is an important element of society’s spiritual life. First-hand, a human being, a personality is the subject of the spiritual life of society. The whole system of purposeful activity should be aimed at creating diverse conditions for self-realization of human being’s spiritual potential, creative self-regulation, disclosure of human’s qualities and creation of new spiritual guidance.
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Joyce, Janine, and Hine Forsyth. "It’s a Matter of Trust: Ngāi Tahu Democratic Processes and Māori Pākehā Research Partnership." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 21 (January 2022): 160940692211179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069221117986.
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The Ngāi Tahu indigenous Māori community of Aotearoa/New Zealand successfully maintained 150 years of legal grievance against the British Crown following the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi and colonization. The importance of women leaders, the guiding role of elders, the long-term commitment to intergenerational health for all tribal members, the democratic processes in the current context for Ngāi Tahu iwi within Aotearoa and engagement with the legal system was crucial in building towards a post-conflict society. Alongside this there were and are creative empowerment processes that nourished cultural vitality. This paper shares a ‘conversational exchange’ about the processes that occurred after Treaty of Waitangi settlement was reached, as the tribe stepped into the challenge of navigating the complicated additional corporate, bureaucratic, governance, and legal structures. The eldest Māori woman from Ōtākou Marae, Te Waipounamu (South Island), describes her experience of listening to the old people, going to tribal hui (meetings) and creating support and services in the Māori community. Her words, presented in full, modelling innovative methodology that prioritises the role of transparent Southern Māori and Pākehā conversation in a post-settlement environment. The relationship of trust between the authors, representing two cultures with a history of colonization, grew over several decades of shared discussion, cultural supervision and listening. Our kōrero (conversation) begins with one question: What are the effects of democracy on sustainable culture and community?
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Joyce, Janine, and Hine Forsyth. "It’s a Matter of Trust: Ngāi Tahu Democratic Processes and Māori Pākehā Research Partnership." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 21 (January 2022): 160940692211179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069221117986.
Full textAbstract:
The Ngāi Tahu indigenous Māori community of Aotearoa/New Zealand successfully maintained 150 years of legal grievance against the British Crown following the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi and colonization. The importance of women leaders, the guiding role of elders, the long-term commitment to intergenerational health for all tribal members, the democratic processes in the current context for Ngāi Tahu iwi within Aotearoa and engagement with the legal system was crucial in building towards a post-conflict society. Alongside this there were and are creative empowerment processes that nourished cultural vitality. This paper shares a ‘conversational exchange’ about the processes that occurred after Treaty of Waitangi settlement was reached, as the tribe stepped into the challenge of navigating the complicated additional corporate, bureaucratic, governance, and legal structures. The eldest Māori woman from Ōtākou Marae, Te Waipounamu (South Island), describes her experience of listening to the old people, going to tribal hui (meetings) and creating support and services in the Māori community. Her words, presented in full, modelling innovative methodology that prioritises the role of transparent Southern Māori and Pākehā conversation in a post-settlement environment. The relationship of trust between the authors, representing two cultures with a history of colonization, grew over several decades of shared discussion, cultural supervision and listening. Our kōrero (conversation) begins with one question: What are the effects of democracy on sustainable culture and community?
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Ashrafyan, Konstantin E. "A new view of the native revolts in Spanish Florida and the West Indies in the 16th century." Samara Journal of Science 9, no. 2 (May 29, 2020): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv202203.
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This study is a more general research of the Christianization of Florida in the 16th and 18th centuries. This topic became a separate study since when compiling the chronology of Christianization and the foundation of settlements, there were revolts of local residents. When identifying the causes of these revolts, identical and recurring events were identified. To identify them we studied the cause-and-effect relationships between Spaniards and natives. We compared primary sources, their translations from various Spanish sources, as well as recent archaeological finds and research, reviewed data on the nature of the revolts, researchers work; we also compared the facts and the process of describing events during Christianization. To complete this work it was necessary to find the kinship and the root cause that gave rise to the prerequisites for the revolt. We decided to step over the theory of class struggle and apply the search for the cause of revolts in interpersonal relations (social psychology), studying the chronology of witnesses of that time. The author uses the gender factor, i.e. the relationship between man and woman, as a new concept when considering the processes of revolts of natives and introduces a new term expectation formula, applied to the relations between the local chiefs (caciques) and Spaniards. The gender factor is important as an increase or, conversely, as a decrease in the expectation formula, at a low or zero value when revolts begin. At the same time, the expectation formula has a clear dependence on the size of the ego of the local leaders, who assumed certain benefits for themselves and that can be seen in the formula of the cause-and-effect relationships that led to revolts against the Spanish crown. As a result, we came to the conclusion that socio-psychological and behavioral universal factors can explain both the acceptance and rejection of the union of aborigines with Europeans, without involving the study of the theory of class struggle. When the expectation factor was lowered or dropped, the union broke up, and this led to a revolt of the natives on the Spanish territories.
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Sorkowicz, Anastazja. "Responsibility of a man in the teaching of the Catholic Church." Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio 56, no. 4 (December 16, 2023): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v56i4.1203.
Full textAbstract:
Writing this article was inspired by the words of John Paul II spoken during his third pilgrimage to Poland, which concerned parental responsibility for life, for love, for upbringing and which were reinforced with the statement that a man should be the first to undertake this responsibility. This study is aimed at presenting some selected elements of the teaching of the Catholic Church regarding the responsibility of men, as well as at considering the Church’s position on defining a man in the context of his fundamental role, which is fatherhood. The source literature of this text consists of selected documents of the Catholic Church. The available studies on the indicated subject were also analyzed. On the basis of the conducted research, it can be concluded that the teaching of the Catholic Church draws attention to the divine origin of the human and treats parenthood as an area of special cooperation between the Creator and the creation. It is emphasized that human parenthood should be primarily responsible, therefore joint decisions of both spouses regarding procreation should be made freely and thoughtfully. A mature man is aware of his responsibility for building a world in accordance with the Creator’s intention, and therefore he does not agree to any form of depriving marital coexistence of the double sign: of strengthening the mutual bond and of procreation. A man’s responsibility for life is most strongly expressed through his opposition to any actions that violate human dignity in such a delicate area as procreation of life. In the context of a man’s responsibility for upbringing, it should be stated that healthy fatherhood consists in conscious, permanent building of relationships first with the wife and then with the child. A man should actively participate in the child’s life with true commitment. The education of successive generations of men requires the visible presence of a man-husband-father in the family, who does not liberate himself from his male obligations by reckless shifting them to a woman-wife-mother, but brings to the family all the features and behaviour patterns of a mature and responsible man, such as self-control, constant work on his own character and setting high requirements for himself. The undertaken issues seem particularly important from the perspective of the human being, whose one of the most important characteristics is development, permanent maturation to new challenges. Due to the unchangeable human nature, it can be said that the teaching of the Catholic Church on male responsibility remains valid despite the changing living conditions of successive generations.
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Ostrouch-Kamińska, Joanna. "Partnerstwo w relacji małżeńskiej jako współczesna wartość wychowania." Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji 33, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.4829.
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Today we observe the dynamic changes in relations between the sexes in the family, which appear as a result of economic, cultural, and social transformation, the growth of women’s economic strength, as well as the level of their education, and the development of the ideas of the equal rights of women and men in the labour market and in social life. Hitherto existing research results show that Poles are increasingly in favour of the egalitarian family model and declare their wish to build their relationships based on equality. In the article I will characterise our cultural context, in which the egalitarian relation of a man and a woman in a family is both an educational space of confrontation between the “old” concept of family life, often rooted in Parsons’ concept of the nuclear family, and the “new” one, specific for the socio-cultural breakthrough in Poland. I will also present the involvement of formal education in fixing stereotypical images of family life, which are in opposition to the changes observed in relations between women and men. At the end I will present my own concept of education for equality in the marital relations, as well as the frame of equality between spouses in marital relations as a value of upbringing, which are a response to the needs of contemporary women and men.
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Ahmedi, MSc Sulejman. "Dissolution of Marriage According to Canon Law." ILIRIA International Review 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2013): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.21113/iir.v3i2.126.
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In the Canon law, dissolution of marriage is not allowed since it was considered sacred and as such cannot break until the two spouses are alive, except only if one of the spouses passes away. But throughout history we find cases when allowed dissolution of the marriage and causes specific conditions set by the church. Thus, according to the Old Testament, if, a man married to a woman, didn’t like something about his wife, should write a request for divorce and allow her to leave his home. Meanwhile according to the New Testament records, divorce is prohibited. Although most Protestants continue to espouse the view that marriage was sacred and as such should not be divorced, from those who had supported the idea of granting the divorce. One of them was Luther, who in his remarks before his preachers said: "In my opinion, the issue of divorce belongs to the law, are not they to whom called for regulation of parental relationships, why not have they the authority to regulate the relations between spouses". Protestant churches allow the dissolution of marriage:a) Because of adultery by the wife; allowed by Jesus,b) Unjustified abandonment of the marital community;c) If there were other reasons: if one spouse refuses to have sexual marriage, if the husband abuses his wife repeatedly and without cause, severe illness of one spouse.
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Flores Silva, Joana Angélica. "Mulheres Negras e a Discussão de Gênero na Construção das Narrativas nos Museus de Salvador." Mosaico 9, no. 2 (May 27, 2017): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.18224/mos.v9i2.5239.
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O artigo trata da representação das mulheres negras nos museus históricos de Salvador, a partir dos vieses em gênero, raça e classe ao analisar o lugar que as mesmas ocupam nas exposições de longa duração, levando em consideração a teia de relações estabelecidas na tríade HomemXObjetoXRealidade. A abordagem se debruça sobre o discurso construído pelos museus ao atribuir à mulher branca o papel de protagonista na historiografia do país, enquanto que concede a figura da escravizada à mulher negra nesse mesmo contexto histórico, o que retroalimenta o imaginário coletivo quando lhe outorga a condição de subalterna. Com base na práxis museológica, a pesquisa deter-se-á no âmbito da reinterpretação dos signos, no processo de musealização dos objetos que representam o universo feminino. Assim, o estudo traz como contribuição, a reflexão acerca da construção de novas narrativas que evidenciem de forma não discriminatória a participação dos sujeitos nos espaços de memória.
Palavras-Chave: Museus de Salvador; Museologia; Gênero; Mulheres negras; Representações
ABSTRACT
The article deals this the representation of black women in the historical museums of Salvador, starting in the gender, race and class. Analyzing the place they occupy in long - term exhibit, taking into account of relationships established in the triad Man x Object x Reality. The approach focuses on the discourse constructed by the museums in assigning the white woman the role of protagonist in the historiography of the country, while granting the figure of the enslaved to the black woman, in this same historical context, which feeds the collective imaginary when it grantates the subordinate condition. Based on the museological praxis, the research will focus on the reinterpretation of signs, in the process of musealization of objects that represent the feminine universe. Therefore, this article bring forward a contribution, the reflection about the construction of new narratives that evidence in a non-discriminatory way the participation of the subjects in the memory spaces.
Keywords: Museums of Salvador; Museology; Genre; Black Women; Representations
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Храбан, Тетяна. "ЖІНКА В АРМІЇ: ҐЕНДЕРНА СТЕРЕОТИПІЗАЦІЯ У ВІЙСЬКОВО-ПРОФЕСІЙНОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ." Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe 5, no. 2 (2022): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ppusn.2022.02.10.
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The aim of the article is to study the process of the reproduction and changing of gender stereotypes relating to women in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Materials and methods. The method of qualitative content analysis, interpretive and explanatory methods of discourse analysis have been used. Materials to conduct this research are publications, comments and pictures on the pages of group “Military service” in a social network Facebook. Results & discussions. In the military environments gender stereotypes’ psychological functions have profound effects on the specificity of the reproduction and changing of stereotypes relating to women. At the linguistic level the cognitive-adaptive function is realized through the cognitive gender metaphor. Feminine metaphors are becoming instruments that breaks down traditional stereotypes of women and offers a new perspective, namely the absence of polarization between the sexes, as well as the trust and support of interaction between men and women in the military corporate culture. The value-protective psychological function of gender stereotypes relating to women is aimed to maintain collective values, justify and rationalize discriminatory attitudes towards an alien group. Gender stereotypes relating to women are used not to create the opposition “man – woman” or “male – female” but “the military – civil persons”. The constructive function of gender stereotypes is aimed at the internal acceptance of servicemen’s worldview position; it helps to prevent the stress associated with the need for subordination in the military environment. The social functions of gender stereotypes relating to women help a military man to reproduce situations that are emotionally significant for him, in which his needs in recognition and love have been met. Further, this will contribute to the establishment of psychological comfort and deep emotional ties between men and women in a heterogeneous team. The analysis of the gender stereotypes’ functions did not reveal the relationship of competition and hostility between femininity and masculinity in the military environment. Conclusions. For today in the military environment the gender stereotyping of women is becoming flexible, and stereotypes are changing according to social context. The root cause of this process is the specifics of the military professional activities, when the effectiveness of accomplishing the stated tasks is possible only if there is a unified system for accepting corporate goals, values and relationships. The identification of woman on the basis of gender is secondary, but her identification with a social and professional group becomes urgent. Women, just like men, become the bearer of the ideas and ideals of military professional activity, and the updated gender stereotype includes values and norms promoted by the corporate military culture.
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N.V., Romanova. "LANGUAGE REALIZATION OF AGGRESSION IN THE MIDDLE AGES (BASED ON THE EPIC POEM «KUDRUN»)." Scientific Bulletin of Kherson State University. Series Germanic Studies and Intercultural Communication, no. 1 (August 2, 2021): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32999/ksu2663-3426/2021-1-14.
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This paper presents the topical issue of the role of aggressive domestic and foreign policy of the German rulers of the XIII century. According to the plot of the epic poem «Kudrun», at the heart of the aggressive domestic and foreign policy of the German rulers is a global conflict involving man and the world, people and their religious worldview, the hierarchy of relations of the individual, wildlife and descendants of the «elite», king, queen and the authority of the church, upbringing and education, the beauty of a young woman and the hostility of a man, the jealousy of a brave old king-father and the cruelty of an elderly woman-queen-mother, and so on. Oppositions are also found in the categories of «one’s own» and «foreign», good and evil, old and new, earthly and unearthly, material and ideal, perfect and imperfect, living and inanimate, free from slavery and enslaved, bodily, mental and spiritual, mind and emotions. There is a bifurcation of the whole objective world into its physical existence and meaning. At the same time, the ideal behavior of knights is transformed – the support of German kings. There are relationships – «knight – thief, robber», «knight – barbarian», «knight – animal». Aggressive human behavior as a social being has a moral character. In the question of immorality, the medial man is influenced by ancient psychology, paganism and Christianity. The aim of the article is to identify German language units with the meaning of aggression in the Middle Ages. The study used deductive, structural-semantic, logical-semantic, contextual analysis, the method of linguistic description and analysis of dictionary definitions. The results of the study include clarification of the concept of «aggression», tracing its semantic content in time, highlighting the system of language units such as word, proper name, phrase (free and permanent), sentence (simple, complex, complex, combined, supra-phrase unity) and elucidation of the peculiarities of the formation of the phenomenon. It has been proven that aggression can be natural or artificial. Natural aggression is characteristic of the element of water, wild animals and man as a biological being, artificial – man as a social being and supernatural beings who embody evil.Aggression correlates with gender, age and culture: a man is aggressive at any age and in any culture, a woman – only in old age, being in the status of a mother who wishes her child a happy fate and being a foreigner. We conclude that the concept of aggression in medieval Germany is associated primarily with extralinguistic factors (religion, domestic and foreign policy, social, economic and cultural-historical development), refracted verbally by the author of the epic poem «Kudrun».Key words: the Middle ages, aggression, man, animal, element, word, proper name, phrase, sentence. Статтю присвячено актуальній проблемі щодо ролі агресивної внутрішньої і зовнішньої політики германських можновладців ХІІІ ст. Згідно з фабулою епічної поеми «Кудруна», в підвалинах агресивної внутрішньої і зовнішньої політики германських можновладців лежить глобальний конфлікт, що включає в себе людину і навколишній світ, людей і їхній релігійний світогляд, ієрархію стосунків індивідуума, диких тварин і нащадків «еліти», авторитет короля, королеви й авторитет церкви, виховання й освіту, красу молодої жінки й ворожість чоло-віка, ревнощі сміливого літнього короля-батька й жорстокість літньої жінки-королеви-матері тощо. Опозиції виявляємо і в категоріях «свого» й «чужого», добра й зла, старого й нового, земного й неземного, матеріального й ідеального, досконалого й недосконалого, живого й неживого, вільного від рабства й поневоленого, тілесного, душевного й духовного, розуму й емоцій. Відбувається роздвоєння цілісного предметного світу на його фізичне буття і значення. Разом з цим трансформується ідеальна поведінка лицарів – опори германських королів. Виникають нові співвідношення – «лицар – злодій, розбійник», «лицар – варвар», «лицар – тварина». Агресивна поведінка людини як соціальної істоти має моральний характер. У питанні про аморальність медіальна людина перебуває під впливом античної психології, язичництва та християнства. Метою статті є виявлення німецьких мовних одиниць зі значенням агресивності в середні віки. В ході дослідження було використано дедуктивний, структурно-семантичний, логіко-семантичний, контекстуальний аналізи, метод лінгвістичного опису та аналіз словникових дефініцій. Результати дослідження охоплюють уточнення поняття «агресивність», простеження його смислового наповнення на часовому зрізі, виокремлення системи мовних одиниць як-от слово, власна назва, словосполучення (вільне й стале), речення (просте, складне, ускладнене, комбіноване, надфразова єдність) та з’ясування особливостей формування феномену. Доведено, що агресивність може бути природною та штучною. Природна агресивність характерна стихії води, диким тваринам і людині як біологічній істоті, штучна – людині як соціальній істоті та надприродним істотам, що втілюють у собі зло. Агресивність корелює зі статтю, віком і культурою: чоловік – агресивний у будь-якому віці та в будь-якій культурі, жінка – лише в літньому віці, перебуваючи в статусі матері, яка бажає своїй дитині щасливої долі та будучи іноземкою. Висновуємо, що поняття агресивності в середньовічній Німеччині пов’язане насамперед з позамовними чинни-ками (релігія, внутрішня і зовнішня політика, соціальний, економічний і культурно-історичний розвиток), заломленими автором епічної поеми «Кудруна» вербально.Ключові слова: середні віки, агресивність, людина, тварина, стихія, слово, власна назва, словосполучення, речення.
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Nisa, Sayidah Khoirun, and Ruslandi Ruslandi. "Maqashid Sharia Concerning Sexual Violence Against Wife In Law Number 23 Year 2004." QONUN: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-undangan 6, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21093/qj.v6i1.4390.
Full textAbstract:
This paper departs from the internal concept, namely the contract in marriage to form a man and a woman into a new family based on consensual relationships so that the purpose of marriage is to make them both Sakinah, mawaddah, warahmah. There are rights and obligations after the contract process including rights and obligations in fulfilling sexual needs between husband and wife, but in fact in the name of religion becomes the only basis if there is coercion from one of the parties who commits sexual coercion of a husband against his wife, which should be in a husband and wife relationship in a good way (ma'ruf) and cause mutual affection between the two. Based on the facts (reality) of the incident, the author discusses how Maqashid Syar'iah from acts of sexual violence against wives in Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence. By using normative juridical methods, in this case researching about sexual violence against wives according to Fiqh Munakahat and its relationship with Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence (PKDRT). The results of the study explain that to achieve and maintain 5 (five) main principles in Islam, namely maintaining religion (hifdz al-din), soul (hifdz al-nafs), reason (hifdz al-'qal), offspring (hifdz al-Nasl), and property (hifdz al-mal wa al-'irdh) then the victim must be protected and given justice, so that sexual violence does not happen again to a wife.
Keywords: Maqashid Syari’ah; Violence; Sexual Violence.
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Mataira, Peter. "‘Sitting in the fire’, an indigenous approach to masculinity and male violence: Māori men working with Māori men." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 20, no. 4 (July 17, 2017): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol20iss4id328.
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There were these three sexes, because the sun, the moon and the earth are three: and man was originally the child of the sun, the woman of the earth, and the man-woman of the moon … He cut them in two and bade Apollo give the face and the half of the neck a turn in order that the man might contemplate the section of himself … Each of us when separated is but the indenture of man and he is always looking for his other half … Human nature was originally one and we were a whole, and the desire and pursuit of the whole is called love (Plato Symposium. Aristophane’s Speech, The Double Nature of Man, 16-18).IntroductionI like what Arnold Mindell (1982) said about conflict and chaos: That they are ‘our best teachers’ in determining how to create and strengthen resilient communities. In our efforts to develop effective programmes to root out and eliminate violence from our neighbourhoods, our homes and our whanau we ought to embrace this paradoxical injunction, and, to trace it alongside the ‘concentric dualism’ thinking sketched in our traditional Māori hapu/iwi understanding of whanaungatanga (Kawharu, 1980). Far be it for me to suggest that community harmony and zero tolerance are plausible societal outcomes. I believe strongly that sustained emphasis placed primarily on the inner workings of Māori men – their wairua, tinana, hinengaro and whanaunga relationships – is the critical first step. The absence of conflict and presence of peace are ‘ideal types’ and indeed one might suggest they are one in the same, but I believe they are fundamentally dissimilar. The point I really want to make here is how I, and other Māori men, metaphorically speaking, begin the process of ‘stepping into the fire’, to work alongside our Maori men in liberating them, and ourselves too, from the despondencies, disappointments and oppressive ways (internal conflicts), and moving these towards reconciliation and a restoration of a content ahua about ourselves and our families (internal peace). As I see it we need to advance a new approach to decolonisation, to masculinity, to the validation of our indigenous ways and to appreciating nga matauranga Māori in support of meaningful Māori men’s education and mentoring group work; a paradigm that incorporates freedom and openness of expression, reflection and introspection; a paradigm that also acknowledges the need to build self-confidence and self-respect which paves the way for change.My purpose in writing this piece comes from two quite different directions and motivations: First, as an invitation and a challenge for more Māori men to have confidence to ‘sit in the fire’ and work to eliminate violence in our families and communities; and second, to dissect and critique the dominant cultural paradigm which places together Western empiricism, the endeared, but hopelessly biased public media; and election politics – the perennial ‘law and order’ drone (that is, to inject a fear of Māori insurgency and ‘terroristic acts’ into the timid mindset of the marginal swing voters) – all of which seem to justify a particular direction in public policy and public opinion. Indeed, I am deliberate in my aspiration to focus on ‘strengths and assets’ of Māori rather than on ‘needs and deficits’ and, in this challenge, I state a more salient ‘political’ juxtaposition to Pākehā mainstream which all too often places Māori in a iniquitous vis-à-vis romantic predicament. I’m less inspired by the kinds of policies that seem to stem from Māori being at the liability end of Aotearoa’s bicultural ledger. Describing us through Pākehā strictures and their embedded cultural biases is unacceptable. I think given the scale and extent to which Māori men’s violence has come to circumnavigate the nation many times over, we know enough to know its damaging effects on our culture, our whanau and on how we perceive ourselves. We are reminded constantly of everything that’s bad about Māori men’s behaviour. We have to radically change the paradigm – and also the practice – and work towards building new images of Māori men as real-life ‘nurturing warriors’.
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Pondelíková, Ivana, and A. Štulajterová. "Sociolinguistic aspects of gender-(in)sensitive language in English and Slovak." Current Issues in Philology and Pedagogical Linguistics, no. 2 (June 25, 2024): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/2079-6021-2024-2-245-252.
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The paper dwells upon the study of sociological and linguistic aspects of gender-(in)sensitive language in English and Slovak. Gender stereotypes and their consequences in society, culture, and language are presented as a central theme, therefore in the initial chapter, the paper outlines gender socialisation and gender stereotypes in behaviour in general. The traditional division of roles in society influences the division of spheres in which both genders used to be realised: a public sphere for men and a private sphere for women. One way to achieve gender balance in society is using gender-sensitive policy through gender-sensitive language. Gender-insensitive language is most evident in the use of generic masculine, where the masculine gender is preferred when addressing or titling people. Similarly, the use of the masculine gender is predominant when referring to persons, under which both men and women are generally classified according to professions, functions and relationships. The aim of this paper is to highlight the declining tendencies of gender insensitive language on the one hand, as well as some persistent tendencies of the predominance of the masculine element in language on the other. So, the core of the paper is focused on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of expressions beginning with lexical morphemes “man” and “woman”. Our research revealed that there is still a strong dominance of the masculine element in terms of both quantity and quality. Nevertheless, one positive tendency may be observed in recent years as there are new tendencies to replace masculine nominal expressions with their collective equivalents addressed both to male and female audiences.