Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mammals

Academic literature on the topic 'Mammals'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Mammals"

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Avgar, T., G. Street, and J. M. Fryxell. "On the adaptive benefits of mammal migration." Canadian Journal of Zoology 92, no. 6 (June 2014): 481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2013-0076.

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Migration is well developed among mammals, but there has been little attempt to date to review common ecological constraints that may guide the evolution of migration among mammals, nor to consider its prevalence across different taxa. Here we review several alternate hypotheses for the evolution of migration in mammals based on improvements in energetic gain and mate-finding contrasted with reduction in energetic costs or the risk of predation and parasitism. While there are well-documented examples of each across the order Mammalia, the available evidence to date most strongly supports the energy gain and predation risk hypotheses in the terrestrial realm, whereas a combined strategy of reducing energetic costs in one season but improving energetic gain in another season seems to characterize aquatic mammal species, as well as bats. We further discuss behavioral and physiological specialization and provide a taxonomic cross section of mammalian migration.
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Raphela, Tlou D., and Kevin J. Duffy. "Effects of the Density of Invasive Lantana camara Plants on the Biodiversity of Large and Small Mammals in the Groenkloof Nature Reserve (GNR) in South Africa." Biology 12, no. 2 (February 13, 2023): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12020296.

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Multi-scale approaches have been used to determine scales at which mammal species are responding to habitat destruction due to invasion, but the impacts of weeds on mammals have not been extensively studied, especially in Africa. Inside the Groenkloof Nature Reserve (GNR), we assessed how mammals are affected by an invasive weed Lantana camara. A series of models were applied to determine the differences in species abundance as well as richness, separated for large and small mammals. When diversity indices were used, an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed no statistically significant difference between treatments (F5 = 0.233, p = 0.945) for large mammals. The results of a Generalised Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) showed that vegetation type (Wald χ22 = 120.156; p < 0.01) and foraging guilds (Wald χ23 = 76.771; p < 0.01) were significant predictors of large mammal species richness. However, for small mammals, the results of a GLMM showed that only treatment type (Wald χ25 = 10.62; p = 0.050) was a significant predictor of the number of small mammals trapped. In addition, the ANOVA revealed statistically significant differences in species diversity between treatments (F5 = 0.934; p < 0.001) and by season (F1 = 9.122 p = 0.003) for small mammals. The presence of L. camara coupled with other predictors was associated with differences in large mammal abundances and diversity, and differences in how these large mammals were distributed across the landscape. Furthermore, the highest species diversity was found in the spring for small mammals. Therefore, for all the mammals studied, the presence of L. camara negatively affected species abundance, richness, and diversity, as well as how these species were distributed across the invaded and cleared areas.
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Renfree, Marilyn B., Shunsuke Suzuki, and Tomoko Kaneko-Ishino. "The origin and evolution of genomic imprinting and viviparity in mammals." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1609 (January 5, 2013): 20120151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0151.

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Genomic imprinting is widespread in eutherian mammals. Marsupial mammals also have genomic imprinting, but in fewer loci. It has long been thought that genomic imprinting is somehow related to placentation and/or viviparity in mammals, although neither is restricted to mammals. Most imprinted genes are expressed in the placenta. There is no evidence for genomic imprinting in the egg-laying monotreme mammals, despite their short-lived placenta that transfers nutrients from mother to embryo. Post natal genomic imprinting also occurs, especially in the brain. However, little attention has been paid to the primary source of nutrition in the neonate in all mammals, the mammary gland. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) play an important role as imprinting control centres in each imprinted region which usually comprises both paternally and maternally expressed genes ( PEG s and MEG s). The DMR is established in the male or female germline (the gDMR). Comprehensive comparative genome studies demonstrated that two imprinted regions, PEG10 and IGF2-H19 , are conserved in both marsupials and eutherians and that PEG10 and H19 DMRs emerged in the therian ancestor at least 160 Ma, indicating the ancestral origin of genomic imprinting during therian mammal evolution. Importantly, these regions are known to be deeply involved in placental and embryonic growth. It appears that most maternal gDMRs are always associated with imprinting in eutherian mammals, but emerged at differing times during mammalian evolution. Thus, genomic imprinting could evolve from a defence mechanism against transposable elements that depended on DNA methylation established in germ cells.
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Whitehead, Tegan, Miriam Goosem, and Noel D. Preece. "Use by small mammals of a chronosequence of tropical rainforest revegetation." Wildlife Research 41, no. 3 (2014): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14082.

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Context The conversion of tropical rainforest to grazing pasture results in a drastic change in small-mammal community composition. Restoring the landscape through ecological revegetation is thus an increasingly important management technique to conserve rainforest mammals. Aims This study aimed to determine the habitat ages at which species of small mammals recolonised revegetated habitats on the southern Atherton Tablelands, north-eastern Queensland, Australia. We focussed on changes in rainforest mammal abundance and diversity with increasing habitat age. Methods Small-mammal trapping and mark–recapture techniques investigated mammal diversity, abundance and community composition within remnant rainforest, three age classes of ecological revegetation and abandoned grazing pasture. Key results Small-mammal community composition differed between remnant rainforest and abandoned grazing pasture. The pasture and 3-year old revegetated sites were similar in composition, both lacking rainforest small mammals. Six- and 7-year old revegetation plantings provided suboptimal habitat for both rainforest and grassland mammals, whereas 16- and 22-year old revegetated habitats were dominated by rainforest species, with some individuals being frequently recaptured. Conclusions As revegetated habitats aged, the small-mammal community composition transitioned from a grassland-like composition to a community dominated by rainforest species. Implications Although rainforest small mammals were very occasionally captured within the 6- and 7-year old habitats, revegetated plantings were not dominated by rainforest species until the habitat was 16 years old. This highlights the importance of commencing revegetation as early as possible to minimise future population declines and maximise the conservation of rainforest mammals.
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Paglia, Adriano P., Maria Olímpia G. Lopes, Fernando A. Perini, and Heitor M. Cunha. "Mammals of the Estação de Preservação e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Peti (EPDA-Peti), São Gonçalo do Rio Abaixo, Minas Gerais, Brazil." Lundiana: International Journal of Biodiversity 6, sup. (November 4, 2005): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35699/2675-5327.2005.22129.

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This study presents the results of an inventory of the mammal fauna of the Estação de Preservação e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Peti (EPDA-Peti) a reserve in the transition between the Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado. Eight field campaigns (including trapping for small mammals and mist-netting for bats) were conducted between May 2002 and July 2004. Forty-six mammals belonging to eight orders were recorded. Fifteen species not recorded in previous inventories at the Station were identified; on the other hand, 14 mammals listed in previous studies were not recorded now. The most abundant small mammals at the EPDAPeti were Oligorizomys flavescens, Akodon cursor, Trinomys setosus and Bolomys lasiurus. The small mammal community from the campo rupestre (high altitude, rocky grassland) habitat is distinct from that found in the forest. In spite of the reserve’s small size, mammal species’ richness is relatively high. Possible reasons for this are the diversity of habitats and the fact that EPDA-Peti is located in a transitional zone between the Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado. Key words - Mammals, conservation, diversity, ecology, small mammals, Atlantic Forest, Cerrado.
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Pratiwi, Zulia, Diva Novi Sandrian, Ayu Octavia, Nisa Luthfiah, Riska Rahmawati, Silvia Riskina Said, and Neneng Nuraliah. "Inventory of Large Mammals in Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten Province." Jurnal Natur Indonesia 21, no. 2 (October 30, 2023): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jnat.21.2.134-143.

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The National Park has a diverse ecosystem for the preservation of flora and fauna, making Ujung Kulon National Park a habitat for endemic and protected fauna. Large mammals are one of the many animals found in TNUK, especially those with protected status. This study aims to determine the diversity of large mammal species in Ujung Kulon National Park. The research was conducted on September 27–29, 2022, in Ujung Kulon National Park, which is located at the western tip of Java Island, precisely in Sumur and Cimanggu Districts, Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province. The method used was the cruising method using exploratory descriptive data analysis. The results showed that there were two types of large mammals, namely ungulate mammals and primate mammals. The number obtained was 10 types of mammal species belonging to 7 different families. Large mammals found include Rhinoceros sondaicus, Muntiacus muntjak, Cervus timorensis, Hyolobates moloch, Presbytis comata, Trachypitecus auratus, Macaca fascicularis, Sus scrofa, Tragulus javanicus, and Bubalus bubalis. Most of the large mammals found are endemic mammals with protected status. Of the large mammals found, the most common were hoofed mammals. With this study, the public has an awareness of the importance of maintaining the diversity of fauna and flora in Ujung Kulon National Park
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Perry, Justin J., Eric P. Vanderduys, and Alex S. Kutt. "More famine than feast: pattern and variation in a potentially degenerating mammal fauna on Cape York Peninsula." Wildlife Research 42, no. 6 (2015): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr15050.

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Context Global mammal populations continue to be threatened by environmental change, and recent decadal monitoring in northern Australia suggests a collapse in mammal abundance in key locations. Cape York Peninsula has globally significant natural values but there is very little published about the status and distribution of mammals in this region. Aims Following an extensive field survey we investigated two key questions: (i) what is the composition, spatial variation and change from previous regional surveys in the mid to late 1900s in the native terrestrial and arboreal mammal fauna recorded; and (ii) which landscape and site factors best predict mammal richness and abundance. Methods We sampled 202 one-hectare sites across seven locations from 2009 to 2012 in woodlands, closed forestand dune scrub and tussock grasslands. We collected landscape and site-based environmental data for each location, representing fire, weather and vegetation factors. We used generalised linear mixed models to examine the relationship between mammals and these factors. Key results Mammals were generally scarce across the sites and were more abundant and species rich in wet coastal grasslands or closed forests then tropical savanna woodlands. Fire frequency data and the surrounding vegetation complexity were consistent landscape-scale predictors of mammals; ground cover and woody complexity were significant at the site scale. Conclusions Notwithstanding interpretational constraints related to the limited evidence base of historic sampling, the mammal fauna recorded in this study for Cape York Peninsula was similar in composition to the mammal fauna described from 1948–1980 and surveys in 1985, with some species seemingly declining (e.g. Melomys burtoni, Dasyurus hallucatus, Sminthopsis virginiae) and others stable (e.g. Rattus sordidus) or more common (e.g. Rattus tunneyi); however, across all sites abundance was low, and many sites had few or no mammals. Implications In the absence of consistent long-term systematic monitoring it is difficult to determine if this survey and historical surveys represent pre-European patterns for mammals. The absence or low abundance of mammals in most sites suggest that cotemporary patterns may not represent an intact mammal fauna. Due to the equivocal nature of these findings a critical next step is to establish robust monitoring and experimental work to reveal the response of mammals to management interventions.
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Wilson B, A., and J. Wolrige. "Assessment of the Diet of the Fox, Vulpes vulpes, in Habitats of the Eastern Otway Ranges, Victoria." Australian Mammalogy 21, no. 2 (1999): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am00201.

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The Eastern Otway Ranges, Victoria have highly diverse native mammal communities. Although the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) has been recorded in the area the extent of its distribution and effects on native mammals are unclear. The aims of this study were to analyse the diet of the Red Fox in the study area, to compare the diet between seasons and habitats (woodland, forest, heathland) and to assess the diet in the habitat of the New Holland Mouse (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) which is endangered in Victoria. Fox scats collected monthly in each habitat were analysed to determine the composition of the diet and small mammal trapping was carried out in each habitat to determine potential small mammal prey species. Overall, mammals (42%) constituted the highest proportion in the fox scats and sixteen species, including nine native species were recorded. Large-sized native mammals including Swamp Wallaby (Wallabia bicolor) and the Eastern Grey Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) constituted 60% of the mammal diet category. The occurrence of plant material was significantly different between seasons, being more abundant in winter. There was a significant difference in the frequency of large introduced mammals in the diet between seasons, with consumption being higher in winter. The occurrence of large, native mammalian prey increased from 15% in winter to 47% in autumn. The frequency of occurrence of the major dietary categories (plant material, invertebrates, reptiles, birds, mammals) was similar across habitats. Large introduced mammals occurred in higher proportions in the diet from woodland habitat. Small mammals were more numerous in scats of heathland and scats from the forest contained the highest abundance of medium-sized mammals. There was no evidence of the endangered New Holland Mouse in scats collected from habitat where a population of the species was present.
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Asher, S. C., and V. G. Thomas. "Analysis of temporal variation in the diversity of a small mammal community." Canadian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 5 (May 1, 1985): 1106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z85-166.

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The validity of using single-sample surveys to measure small mammal diversity was assessed by measuring the effect of short-term, temporal variation in species diversity on the spatial diversity of small mammals occupying fencerow habitats. The diversity of small mammals varied seasonally. Interaction between changes in richness and evenness accounted for the temporal variation in diversity. Temporal variation was attributed to the response of the small mammals to seasonal changes in the vegetation, to the fluctuation in meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) captures among seasons, and to the appearance of small numbers of several mammal species during the summer. Significant spatial variation in species diversity existed, but was masked by the effect of seasonal changes in habitat on the small mammals. Erroneous conclusions could therefore be drawn from the pooling of many single-sample surveys of small mammal diversity.
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Miller, James L., Alexandra Reddy, Rebecca M. Harman, and Gerlinde R. Van de Walle. "A xenotransplantation mouse model to study physiology of the mammary gland from large mammals." PLOS ONE 19, no. 2 (February 28, 2024): e0298390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0298390.

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Although highly conserved in structure and function, many (patho)physiological processes of the mammary gland vary drastically between mammals, with mechanisms regulating these differences not well understood. Large mammals display variable lactation strategies and mammary cancer incidence, however, research into these variations is often limited to in vitro analysis due to logistical limitations. Validating a model with functional mammary xenografts from cryopreserved tissue fragments would allow for in vivo comparative analysis of mammary glands from large and/or rare mammals and would improve our understanding of postnatal development, lactation, and premalignancy across mammals. To this end, we generated functional mammary xenografts using mammary tissue fragments containing mammary stroma and parenchyma isolated via an antibody-independent approach from healthy, nulliparous equine and canine donor tissues to study these species in vivo. Cryopreserved mammary tissue fragments were xenotransplanted into de-epithelialized fat pads of immunodeficient mice and resulting xenografts were structurally and functionally assessed. Preimplantation of mammary stromal fibroblasts was performed to promote ductal morphogenesis. Xenografts recapitulated mammary lobule architecture and contained donor-derived stromal components. Mammatropic hormone stimulation resulted in (i) upregulation of lactation-associated genes, (ii) altered proliferation index, and (iii) morphological changes, indicating functionality. Preimplantation of mammary stromal fibroblasts did not promote ductal morphogenesis. This model presents the opportunity to study novel mechanisms regulating unique lactation strategies and mammary cancer induction in vivo. Due to the universal applicability of this approach, this model serves as proof-of-concept for developing mammary xenografts for in vivo analysis of virtually any mammals, including large and rare mammals.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mammals"

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Pearch, Malcolm J. "Small mammal biodiversity in Nepal." Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted: no access until June 2, 2014, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=26193.

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Wong, Dorothy L. "Public perception of mammals and mammal conservation in Fairfax County, Virginia." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/4588.

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Thesis (M.S.)--George Mason University, 2009.
Vita: p. 160. Thesis director: E.C.M. Parsons. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Science and Policy. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 11, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-159). Also issued in print.
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Wang, Mengdong. "Studies on IgA Induction in Intestine and Mammary Glands of Mammals." Kyoto University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199345.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第19021号
農博第2099号
新制||農||1030(附属図書館)
学位論文||H27||N4903(農学部図書室)
31972
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻
(主査)教授 久米 新一, 教授 祝前 博明, 教授 廣岡 博之
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Klanjšček, Tin. "Dynamic energy budgets and bioaccumulation : a model for marine mammals and marine mammal populations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34623.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, 2006.
"June 2006."
Includes bibliographical references.
Energy intake of individuals affects growth of organisms and, therefore, populations. Persistent lipophilic toxicants acquired with the energy can bioaccumulate and harm individuals. Marine mammals are particularly vulnerable because of their large energy requirements, and transfer of energy and toxicants from mothers to their young during gestation and lactation. Dynamic energy budget (DEB) models for energy assimilation and utilization, coupled with pharmacokinetic models that calculate distribution of toxicants in individuals, can help investigate the vulnerability. In this dissertation I develop the first individual DEB model tailored specifically to marine mammals and couple it to a pharmacokinetic model for lipophilic toxicants. I adapt the individual model to the right whale and use it to analyze consequences of energy availability on individual growth, reproduction, bioaccumulation, and transfer of toxicants between generations. From the coupled model, I create an individual-based model (IBM) of a marine mammal population. I use it to investigate how interactions of food availability, exposure to toxicants, and maternal transfer of toxicants affect populations. I also present a method to create matrix population models from a general DEB model to alleviate some of the drawbacks of the IBM approach.
by Tin Klanjšček.
Ph.D.
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Olsen, Morten Tange. "Molecular ecology of marine mammals." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för genetik, mikrobiologi och toxikologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-71166.

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Marine mammals comprise a paraphyletic group of species whose current abundance and distribution has been greatly shaped by past environmental changes and anthropogenic impacts. This thesis describes molecular ecological approaches to answer questions regarding habitat requirements, genetic differentiation, and life-history trade-offs in three species of marine mammals.  The annual sea-ice dynamics of the Arctic may have large effects on the abundance and distribution of Arctic species such as the pagophilic ringed seal (Pusa hispida). Paper I describes and applies a simple molecular method for isolating and characterizing a relatively large set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ringed seal. These SNPs have been genotyped in a yet-to-be-analysed dataset which will form the basis in an assessment of the micro-evolutionary effects of annual sea-ice dynamics on ringed seal.  Current management efforts directed towards the North Atlantic fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) are hampered by an unclear understanding of population structure. Paper II investigates the DNA basis for the high levels of genetic differentiation that have been reported in allozyme studies of the North Atlantic fin whale. We find that additional processes (at the organismal level) may have contributed to shaping the phenotype of the underlying allozyme variation. Telomeres may potentially serve as markers for determining the chronological and biological age of animals where other means of inference is difficult. Paper III describes the application and evaluation of four qPCR assays for telomere length estimation in humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), finding that reliable telomere length estimates require extensive quality control. Paper IV applies the best performing qPCR assay to test whether telomeres may provide a method for genetic determination of chronological age in whales and concludes that the biological and experimental variation in telomere length estimates is too large to determine age with sufficient resolution. Finally, because telomere length and rate of telomere loss also may be affected by other cellular and organismal processes, such as resource allocation among self-maintenance mechanisms, growth and reproduction, Paper V describes the correlations between individual telomere length and rate of telomere loss, and sex, maturity status and female reproductive output. We found that the costs of reproduction in terms of telomere loss are higher in mature humpback whales than in juveniles; that reproductive costs are higher in males than females; and that differences among females tend to correlate with reproductive output.
At the time of doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Submitted; Paper 3:Submitted; Paper 4: Manuscript; Paper 5:Manuscript
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Osborn, Scott Donald. "Adaptive heterothermy in desert mammals." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185449.

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Endothermic homeothermy is a major feature of the adaptive suites of tachymetabolic animals such as mammals and birds. The advantages homeothermy confers on birds and mammals include relative independence from the environment, a stable internal milieu, and possibly the ability to sustain high aerobic activity (Bennett and Ruben 1979). Some mammals in situations of limited water or energy availability, however, depart markedly from homeothermy and instead display patterns of heterothermy. Torpor is a lowering of body temperature (T(b)) to conserve energy and/or water. I studied the energetics of arousal from torpor in two desert pocket mice species. The species differed in warming rates and arousal durations, but used similar amounts of energy to arouse. The smaller species, Perognathus amplus, lost mass more quickly while fasting in the cold, yet waited as long as the larger species, Chaetodipus baileyi, before entering torpor. P. amplus maintained a lower T(b) during topor than C. baileyi. The thermodynamics of arousal indicated that metabolic rate during arousal was a function of T(b) but not ambient temperature (Tₐ), that the animals changed thermal conductance to increase heat gain when Tₐ was greater than T(b), and that Q₁₀ decreased during arousals. In contrast to torpor, adaptive hyperthermia provides desert mammals in dry, hot environments a means to conserve water that would normally be used for evaporative cooling. I modeled the effects of body size on adaptive hyperthermia and discovered that small mammals gain the most in terms of water savings using this strategy, and that small and large mammals can spend larger fractions of the day active than do medium size mammals. I demonstrated that two desert ground squirrel species make use of adaptive hyperthermia during the summer near Tucson, Arizona by following free-ranging squirrels implanted with temperature-sensitive radio transmitters. Ground squirrel T(b) fluctuated almost continuously, ranging from about 35°C to over 42°C, and rarely approached steady state. Of the two species studied, Ammospermophilus harrisii had higher mean T(b), similar maximum T(b), and lower T(b) variability compared to Spermophilus tereticaudus. These results are consistent with the more wide-ranging foraging style of A. harrisii compared to S. tereticaudus.
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Mamone, Mario Salvatore. "A comparative study of small mammal communities in riparian and upland mixed-conifer forest habitats /." View full-text version online through Southern Oregon Digital Archives, 1994. http://soda.sou.edu/awdata/040308a1.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Southern Oregon State College, 1994.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-80). Also available via Internet as PDF file through Southern Oregon Digital Archives: http://soda.sou.edu. Search Bioregion Collection.
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Nousch, Marco Biotechnology &amp Biomolecular Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "The role of the translational regulator p97 in mammalian cells." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Biotechnology & Biomolecular Sciences, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41445.

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Members of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4G (eIF4G) family play a central role in the translation initiation process. One member of this family is p97 (also called DAP5 and NAT1), a protein that is highly homologous to the C-terminal two thirds of eIF4G. Overexpression studies suggested that p97 is a pure translational repressor that has to be cleaved into a shorter form called p86, in order to show translational activity. In this study a series of experiments indicated that full length p97 has a number elF property such as association with active translating ribosomes, stimulatory effects in the Direct Initiation Factor assay and accumulation in stress granules. Additionally the endogenous p97 complex was isolated from HeLa cells and mRNA as well as the protein components were characterized. P97 associated mRNAs were described by a custom made 5'UTR focus array, showing that the protein binds to a broad range of mRNA. The relative lack of mRNA specificity argues for a general role of p97 in translation, which does not seems to be essential in unchallenged cells, because a down regulation of p97 protein levels has no effect on the translational status of the bulk of mRNAs. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed a novel protein-protein interaction between p97 and DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1), which does not rely on a nucleic acid. For this interaction the C- and N-terminus of p97 play a critical role. Further, Dnmt1 has the ability to interact with elF4G and the small ribosomal subunit, which might provide evidence for a novel function of Dnmt1 in RNA metabolism.
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Fraser, Sheena Mary. "Mammals in Late Neolithic Orkney (with reference to mammal bone recovered from Links of Noltland, Westray)." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26007.

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Excavation of thirty skulls, twenty-eight cattle and two sheep from the foundation course of a Late Neolithic structure at Links of Noltland (LON), Structure 9, is the starting point for this thesis, which investigates the economic and socio-cultural relationships of cattle and other mammals on Orkney communities between 3000 and 2500 BC. The LON settlement was located on a machair plain in Westray, the most N-W island within the Orkney archipelago (HY 428 493). Male and female cattle skulls were inter-mixed within the LON foundation course so a “bull cult” is not represented. The sequence from living skulls to skulls “animating the building is (i) breed/acquire (ii) nurture (iii) cull/butcher (iv) consume (v) transform to object (vi) curate (vii) deposit. A skull deposit infilling an internal passageway from another LON, Structure 18, is compared and contrasted with the Structure 9 foundation deposit. Special treatment of cattle skulls from a wide range of European and Near-East sites is also reviewed to emphasise the widespread use of this symbol during the Neolithic period. Orkney was separated from mainland Scotland prior to the establishment of the LON settlement so consideration is given to modes of arrival for mammals and their impact on this depauperate archipelago. Cattle and sheep dominated the domestic mammal remains examined, pig and dog were rare and goat and horse absent. The most abundant non-domestic mammals were red deer and Orkney voles, but otters and sea mammals were also present in low numbers. Genetic studies indicate that one cattle skull carried genetic material from aurochs, wild cattle. To date there is sparse evidence of interbreeding between wild aurochs and Neolithic domesticated cattle in Europe and none in Britain. The alterative explanation that aurochs were already present on Orkney during the Neolithic is explored. Articulated red deer deposits from LON were also examined. Although previous publications explored the possibility that these deposits are “ritual” other possible explanations for these deposits are outlined. No parallels were noted between the cattle skull and articulated red deer deposits, but the importance of antler for practical and symbolic use in Neolithic Orkney may be under-estimated. Stature of cattle remained relatively stable during the Mid to Late Neolithic in Orkney but underwent diminution by the Iron Age. A similar, but less marked reduction was also noted for sheep, but red deer already had small stature compared with early Holocene mainland Scotland red deer. The thesis concludes that cattle, sheep and red deer were of fundamental importance to the Neolithic society of Orkney, providing surplus food, tools and possibly traction, to support an increasingly sophisticated Neolithic society undertaking construction of complex structures and monuments. In addition, cattle fulfilled an important role in their cultural and spiritual life.
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Liu, Yang Bankaitis Vytas A. "The Sac1 phosphoinositide phosphatases in mammals." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2847.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 4, 2010). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology." Discipline: Cell and Developmental Biology; Department/School: Medicine.
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Books on the topic "Mammals"

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Publishing, Gareth Stevens, ed. Mammals. Milwaukee, WI: Gareth Stevens Pub., 2002.

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Inserra, Rose. Mammals. New York: Gareth Stevens Pub., 2010.

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Stone, Lynn M. Mammals. Vero Beach, Fla: Rourke Corp., 1998.

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Inc, World Book, ed. Mammals. Chicago, IL: World Book, 2009.

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McKay, George. Mammals. Springfield, MA, USA: Federal Street Press, 2001.

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Inserra, Rose. Mammals. New York: Gareth Stevens Pub., 2010.

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MacLeod, Beatrice. Mammals. Milwaukee: Gareth Stevens Pub., 1997.

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Minelli, G. Mammals. New York, N.Y: Facts on File Publications, 1987.

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Mérot, Pierre. Mammals. New York, NY: Black Cat, 2006.

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Creagh, Carson. Mammals. Edited by McKay George. New York: Barnes & Noble, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mammals"

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Knickmeier, Katrin, Anja Reckendorf, and Dennis Brennecke. "How to Become a Marine Mammal Scientist." In Marine Mammals, 79–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06836-2_6.

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AbstractMany young students dream about a career working with marine mammals. Although marine mammal jobs are limited and highly competitive, there are several ways to obtaining them. But, there is no magic formula to pursue a career in marine mammal science. We describe various skill sets and experiences that can improve your chances. Not the least, it is important to actively work towards your career goals and believe in your strengths. We interview marine mammal researchers to inspire students to follow their passion and pursue a career in natural sciences, which may lead to work on marine mammals. In times of climate change, pollution, habitat and biodiversity loss, there is a huge need for students interested in science, technology, biology, engineering and mathematics, to provoke a general change for the better.
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Hall, Brian K. "Mammals." In The Neural Crest in Development and Evolution, 101–9. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3064-7_8.

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Voogd, J., R. Nieuwenhuys, P. A. M. van Dongen, and H. J. ten Donkelaar. "Mammals." In The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates, 1637–2097. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18262-4_22.

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Bovet, J. "Mammals." In Animal Homing, 321–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1588-9_8.

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White, Thomas C. R. "Mammals." In The Inadequate Environment, 135–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78299-2_7.

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Bucher, Enrique H. "Mammals." In The Mar Chiquita Salt Lake (Córdoba, Argentina), 85–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15812-5_8.

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Pregill, Gregory K. "Mammals." In West Southwest, 239–313. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351020060-11.

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Schmieder, Robert William. "Mammals." In Heard Island, 605–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20343-5_27.

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Koss, Mikołaj, Martin Stjernstedt, Iwona Pawliczka, Anja Reckendorf, and Ursula Siebert. "Whaling, Seal Hunting and the Effect of Fisheries on Marine Mammals." In Marine Mammals, 33–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06836-2_3.

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AbstractThere are various types of interactions between marine mammals and fisheries, and their presence in the same area inevitably leads to conflicts. Marine mammals may lose their lives as bycatch, which is the incidental catch of non-target species in fishing gear. On the other hand, some marine mammals specialise in feeding on fish caught in fishing gear, resulting in damaged and reduced catch as well as destroyed fishing gear. There are different methods to reduce bycatch and catch damage, such as reducing fishing efforts, using acoustic deterrent devices, employing temporal and zonal closure of fishing areas and using alternative fishing gear. Here we give an overview of whaling and sealing from historical and present perspectives, with examples for Baltic marine mammals. We present hands-on activities to familiarise students and teachers with investigations of prey remains, such as otoliths (fish ear stones) found in faeces, to learn about marine mammal diet. Additionally, we introduce a whaling role play designed as a debate between interest groups, to better understand whaling from different perspectives.
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Highfill, Lauren, and Erin Frick. "Social Mammals." In Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 5085–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_1001.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mammals"

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Guzas, Emily L., Stephen E. Turner, Matthew Babina, Brandon Casper, Thomas N. Fetherston, and Joseph M. Ambrico. "Validation of a Surrogate Model for Marine Mammal Lung Dynamics Under Underwater Explosive Impulse." In ASME 2019 Verification and Validation Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/vvs2019-5143.

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Abstract Primary blast injury (PBI), which relates gross blast-related trauma or traces of injury in air-filled tissues or those tissues adjacent to air-filled regions (rupture/lesions, contusions, hemorrhaging), has been documented in a number of marine mammal species after blast exposure [1, 2, 3]. However, very little is known about marine mammal susceptibility to PBI except in rare cases of opportunistic studies. As a result, traditional techniques rely on analyses using small-scale terrestrial mammals as surrogates for large-scale marine mammals. For an In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) project sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), researchers at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport (NUWCDIVNPT), have undertaken a broad 3-year effort to integrate computational fluid-structure interaction techniques with marine mammal anatomical structure. The intent is to numerically simulate the dynamic response of a marine mammal thoracic cavity and air-filled lungs to shock loading, to enhance understanding of marine mammal lungs to shock loading in the underwater environment. In the absence of appropriate test data from live marine mammals, a crucial part of this work involves code validation to test data for a suitable surrogate test problem. This research employs a surrogate of an air-filled spherical membrane structure subjected to shock loading as a first order approximation to understanding marine mammal lung response to underwater explosions (UNDEX). This approach incrementally improves upon the currently used one-dimensional spherical air bubble approximation to marine mammal lung response by providing an encapsulating boundary for the air. The encapsulating structure is membranous, with minimal simplified representation not accounting for marine mammal species-specific and individual animal differences in tissue composition, rib mechanics, and mechanical properties of interior lung tissue. NUWCDIVNPT partnered with the Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory (NSMRL) to design and execute a set of experiments to investigate the shock response of an air-filled rubber dodgeball in a shallow underwater environment. These tests took place in the 2.13 m (7-ft) diameter pressure tank at the University of Rhode Island, with test measurements including pressure data and digital image correlation (DIC) data captured with high-speed cameras in a stereo setup. The authors developed 3-dimensional computational models of the dodgeball experiments using Dynamic System Mechanics Advanced Simulation (DYSMAS), a Navy fluid-structure interaction code. DYSMAS models of a variety of different problems involving submerged pressure vessel structures responding to hydrostatic and/or UNDEX loading have been validated against test data [4]. Proper validation of fluid structure interaction simulations is quite challenging, requiring measurements in both the fluid and structure domains. This paper details the development of metrics for comparison between test measurements and simulation results, with a discussion of potential sources of uncertainty.
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Safarov, A. A., F. D. Akramova, J. A. Esonboev, U. A. Shakarbaev, and D. A. Azimov. "FAUNA OF ECTOPARASITES OF PREDATORY MAMMALS (MAMMALIA: CARNIVORA) IN UZBEKISTAN." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6048555-6-0.2023.24.402-407.

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The study of the species composition of ectoparasites and the functioning of the parasitic system with the participation of specific groups of vertebrates in certain climatic zones is of scientific and practical interest. In this regard, the clarification of the parasitological situation in predatory mammals in the system "ectoparasites – predatory animals" in the biogeocenoses of Uzbekistan is an urgent task of fundamental and applied parasitology. For the first time, the features of the species composition of the ectoparasite fauna in domesticated (dog, cat) and wild (jackal, wolf, fox, jungle cat) predatory mammals from Uzbekistan were studied. Twenty three species of ectoparasites, mites and insects, were found on the studied predators. Ticks in our material are represented by 14 species belonging to the families Ixodidae (12 species), Sarcoptidae (1 species) and Demodicidae (1 species). The bulk of them are ixodid ticks among which representatives of the genera Haemaphysalis (3 species) and Rhipicephalus (4 species) dominate. The insects turned out to be representatives of five families: Trichodectidae (1 species), Linognathidae (1 species), Pulicidae (4 species), Culicidae (2 species), and Hippoboscidae (1 species). In terms of frequency of occurrence and species composition, fleas occupy a leading position. The number of arthropod species per infected host (for example, dogs) ranged from 3 to 7.
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Gorbunov, S. S. "Ecoeducational tourism and marine mammals. Legal regulations: more questions than answers." In Marine mammals of the Holarctic. Marine Mammal Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35267/978-5-9904294-0-6-2019-1-103-107.

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Grushko, M. P., N. N. Fedorova, and V. V. Volodina. "Characteristics of some immune system organs in marine mammals of the Caspian Sea (Phoca caspica, Gmelin, 1788)." In Marine mammals of the Holarctic. Marine Mammal Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35267/978-5-9904294-0-6-2019-1-107-112.

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Ermolin, I. V. "A history of development of sturgeon poaching and the problem of Caspian seal (Pusa caspica) by-catch in the Caspian region (the Volga Delta and the Republic of Dagestan, 1990–2000)." In Marine mammals of the Holarctic. Marine Mammal Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35267/978-5-9904294-0-6-2019-1-112-121.

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Zagrebelny, S. V., S. I. Kavry, and D. O. Skorobogatov. "Estimation of the number, age and sex structure, and seasonal mortality rate of Pacific walruses, Odobenus rosmarus divergens, on the Cape Vankarem coastal haulout in 2017." In Marine mammals of the Holarctic. Marine Mammal Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35267/978-5-9904294-0-6-2019-1-121-127.

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Korzhev, V. A., V. B. Zabavnikov, and I. N. Shafikov. "Analysis of estimation of the current White Sea harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) population abundance in the absence of hunting pressure, using cohort models." In Marine mammals of the Holarctic. Marine Mammal Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35267/978-5-9904294-0-6-2019-1-128-136.

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Kornev, S. I., V. S. Nikulin, and O. A. Belonovich. "Number of northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) at the rookeries of Bering Island in 2013–2017." In Marine mammals of the Holarctic. Marine Mammal Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35267/978-5-9904294-0-6-2019-1-137-145.

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Andrianov, V. V., A. A. Lebedev, N. V. Neverova, and T. Yu Lisitsyna. "The long-term impact of oil pollution on the southern local herd of white whales (Delphinapterus leucas)." In Marine mammals of the Holarctic. Marine Mammal Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35267/978-5-9904294-0-6-2019-1-14-23.

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Kryukova, N. V., M. S. Kozlov, D. O. Skorobogatov, A. A. Pereverzev, I. L. Krupin, A. I. Shevelev, and V. N. Burkanov. "Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) mortality in northern Chukotka haulouts, 2017." In Marine mammals of the Holarctic. Marine Mammal Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35267/978-5-9904294-0-6-2019-1-146-154.

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Reports on the topic "Mammals"

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Huijser, M. P., Robert J. Ament, M. Bell, A. P. Clevenger, E. R. Fairbank, K. E. Gunson, and T. McGuire. Animal Vehicle Collision Reduction and Habitat Connectivity Pooled Fund Study – Literature Review. Nevada Department of Transportation, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/ndot2021.12.

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This report contains a summary of past research and new knowledge about the effectiveness of mitigation measures aimed at reducing animal-vehicle collisions and at providing safe crossing opportunities for wildlife. The measures are aimed at terrestrial large bodied wild mammal species, free roaming large livestock species (e.g. cattle, horses), free roaming large feral species (e.g. “wild” horses and burros), and small animal species (amphibians, reptiles, and small mammals). While mitigation is common, it is best to follow a three-step approach: avoidance, mitigation, and compensation or “off-site” mitigation. If reducing collisions with large wild mammals is the only objective, the most effective measures include roadside animal detection systems, wildlife culling, wildlife relocation, anti-fertility treatments, wildlife barriers (fences),and wildlife fences in combination with wildlife crossing structures. If the objectives also include maintaining or improving connectivity for large wild mammals, then wildlife barriers (fences) in combination with wildlife crossing structures are most effective. Measures for large domestic mammal species are largely similar, though for free roaming livestock there are legal, moral and ethical issues. For small animal species, temporary or permanent road closure and road removal are sometimes implemented, but barriers in combination with crossing structures are the most common.
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Forsyth, Charles P. Radar Detection of Marine Mammals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada531701.

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Forsyth, Charles P. Radar Detection of Marine Mammals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada541701.

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Tyack, Peter L., Andreas Fahlman, Michael Moore, Warren Zapol, and Richard Anderson. Physiological Monitoring in Diving Mammals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada541814.

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Atkinson, Shannon. Marine Mammals and Stress Workshop. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada573144.

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Fahlman, Andreas, Peter L. Tyack, Michael Moore, Warren Zapol, Richard Anderson, and Steve Trumble. Physiological Monitoring in Diving Mammals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada573474.

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Fahlman, Andreas, Bill Van Bonn, and Stephen Loring. Lung Mechanics in Marine Mammals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada573475.

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Fahlman, Andreas, William Van Bonn, and Stephen Loring. Lung Mechanics in Marine Mammals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada598415.

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Fahlman, Andreas, Peter L. Tyack, Michael Moore, Warren Zapol, Richard Anderson, and Steve Trumble. Physiological Monitoring in Diving Mammals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada598516.

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Tyack, Peter L., Andreas Fahlman, Michael Moore, Warren Zapol, and Richard Anderson. Physiological Monitoring in Diving Mammals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada598816.

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