Academic literature on the topic 'Male dominated work places'
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Journal articles on the topic "Male dominated work places"
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Kręcichwost, Marcel. "The analysis of male nursing students and professionally active male nurses’ opinions on the presence of men in the nursing profession." Medical Science Pulse 8, no. 4 (December 23, 2014): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0003.3176.
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Background: Since the 19th century nursing has been dominated by female nurses. Although the evolution of men into nursing profession has increased recently, the presence of male nurses still surprises patients. Despite the stereotype, more and more men replenish the nursing staf. Aim of the study: The main goal of the conducted research is to get to know male nursing students and male nurses’ opinions on the topic of the profession chosen by them, as well as to discover the level of satisfaction they derive from their work.Materials and methods: The research is based on the diagnostic poll method carried out according to the authorial questionnaire which consisted of 20 one-choice questions and one which required indicating three answers. He anonymous survey was directed to male nurses and male nursing students. 60 people took part in the research: 42 male nurses and 18 male students of nursing. Results: 47 respondents feel satisfaction derived from their work. 45% of respondents would choose nursing again if they could decide about their career one more time. 66.7% of the examined male nurses are pleased with their earnings, but 46.2 % of them work in a few places. The questionnaire in 53.3 % showed that they had chosen the profession of the male nurse, because they wanted to work in medical profession, and in the 25% they acknowledged that nursing was a perfect profession for them.Conclusions: During the research a low percentage of male nurses was observed in health care teams. Therefore, it should suggest a bigger promotion of this profession among men. The analysis of the results showed, moreover, that there is a need to continue examinations concerning the issue, in the aim of identifying possible problems and increasing the awareness of the society and potential students.Keywords: male nurse, student, man, nursing
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Parashar, Sangeeta. "Marginalized by race and place." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 34, no. 11/12 (October 7, 2014): 747–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-01-2014-0003.
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Purpose – Given South Africa's apartheid history, studies have primarily focused on racial discrimination in employment outcomes, with lesser attention paid to gender and context. The purpose of this paper is to fill an important gap by examining the combined effect of macro- and micro-level factors on occupational sex segregation in post-apartheid South Africa. Intersections by race are also explored. Design/methodology/approach – A multilevel multinomial logistic regression is used to examine the influence of various supply and demand variables on women's placement in white- and blue-collar male-dominated occupations. Data from the 2001 Census and other published sources are used, with women nested in magisterial districts. Findings – Demand-side results indicate that service sector specialization augments differentiation by increasing women's opportunities in both white-collar male- and female-dominated occupations. Contrary to expectations, urban residence does not influence women's, particularly African women's, placement in any male-type positions, although Whites (white-collar) and Coloureds (blue-collar) fare better. Supply side human capital models are supported in general with African women receiving higher returns from education relative to others, although theories of “maternal incompatibility” are partially disproved. Finally, among all racial groups, African women are least likely to be employed in any male-dominated occupations, highlighting their marginalization and sustained discrimination in the labour market. Practical implications – An analysis of women's placement in white- and blue-collar male-dominated occupations by race provides practical information to design equitable work policies by gender and race. Social implications – Sex-typing of occupations has deleterious consequences such as lower security, wage differentials, and fewer prospects for promotion, that in turn increase labour market rigidity, reduce economic efficiency, and bar women from reaching their full potential. Originality/value – Very few empirical studies have examined occupational sex segregation (using detailed three-digit data) in developing countries, including South Africa. Methodologically, the paper uses multilevel techniques to correctly estimate ways in which context influences individual outcomes. Finally, it contributes to the literature on intersectionality by examining how gender and race sustain systems of inequality.
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Crisp, Beth R. "Expected to be mother: Women’s experiences of taking on leadership roles in the academy." Greenwich Social Work Review 1, no. 2 (December 17, 2020): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21100/gswr.v1i2.1116.
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For women academics, the gendered university places expectations not experienced by their male colleagues. In particular, scholarly literature includes many instances of expectations that female scholars, particularly those in management roles, will take on a motherly role within the academy. These occur even in female-dominated professions such as social work. This paper identifies four groups within the university who expect women academics to adopt a mothering role: students, staff and colleagues, senior management, and in some instances women themselves. This paper draws together this literature in the hope that it brings into public some of the often covert expectations experienced by many female academics, and argues that gender equity cannot be achieved while expectations of mothering remain unrecognised.
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Simon, Linda, and Kira Clarke. "Apprenticeships should work for women too!" Education + Training 58, no. 6 (July 11, 2016): 578–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-02-2016-0022.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore some of the issues affecting successful employment outcomes for young women in male-dominated careers, focusing on those generally accessed via a traditional Australian apprenticeship model. Current patterns of participation in trades-based fields of education and training reinforce the highly gender segregated nature of the Australian Labour Force. Women are particularly under-represented in the large industries of construction, mining and utilities, where female employees account for only around 12, 15 and 23 per cent of employees, respectively, an issue of concern both in terms of increased economic participation of women and girls, and gender equality more broadly. The foundations for transition from education and training to employment are established during school. It is during these formative years that young men and women have notions of what is possible for them, and what is not possible, reinforced. Unfortunately, gendered stereotypes and perceptions around certain career options for young women are still reinforced within schools and create barriers to widening young women’s participation in a range of careers, particularly in fields traditionally dominated by males. The paper discusses strategies supporting initial apprenticeship opportunities for young women, and supportive structures to help women and girls build careers in these industries. Design/methodology/approach – This paper draws from a mixed method study, involving a national electronic survey of educators, industry and community groups, and a range of semi-structured interviews. Whilst the major study focused primarily on career exploration in relation to young women taking on careers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics and non-traditional industries, this paper focuses on one aspect of this study, young women taking up an apprenticeship in a male-dominated career. The research around career exploration was undertaken in 2014, and this paper has placed it in the current context of falling apprenticeships and increasing pressures to increase the number of women and girls employed in a wider range of careers. Findings – The findings of this particular study consider the barriers to young women taking on apprenticeships and identify strategies that hopefully will produce more successful pathways. This paper can be seen as adding to the public discourse to address the Australian Government’s stated reform objective in vocational education and training (VET), that trade apprenticeships are appropriately valued and used as career pathways. Originality/value – This paper can be seen as adding to the public discourse to address the Australian Government’s stated VET reform objective, that trade apprenticeships are appropriately valued and used as career pathways.
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Rohde, Martin. "Ukrainian Popular Science in Habsburg Galicia, 1900-14." East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies 7, no. 2 (October 26, 2020): 139–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21226/ewjus615.
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This paper historicizes the idea of “popular science” in the Ukrainian academic discourse in relation to contemporary approaches to “national science” (as “science proper”) and places special emphasis on the introduction of regular scientific lectures to public audiences in early twentieth century Habsburg Galicia. The Shevchenko Scientific Society was the central Ukrainian association of scholars and scientists at the time. Male-dominated, and increasingly dedicated to “Ukrainoznavstvo” (“Ukrainian studies”), the Shevchenko Scientific Society paid little attention to the popularization of scientific research. The Petro Mohyla Society for Ukrainian Scientific Lectures emerged in reaction to the Shevchenko Society. Its goal was to expand public awareness of the scientific work, and its members proceeded to organize regular public lectures all over Galicia between 1909 and 1914. This paper analyzes such popularization of science, propagated by the Petro Mohyla Society, and examines the lecture audiences with regard to their location, gender, and respective interests.
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Windels, Kasey, and Karen L. Mallia. "How being female impacts learning and career growth in advertising creative departments." Employee Relations 37, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 122–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-02-2014-0011.
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Purpose – In the male-dominant creative industries, do men and women have access to the same resources for career learning and development? The purpose of this paper is to examine women’s perspectives of their career trajectories in advertising creative departments. Design/methodology/approach – Situated learning theory views learning as produced through interaction with and increasing participation in a community of practice. Interviews were conducted with 19 female creatives to examine two research questions: first, how do women develop identities as creative practitioners within the male dominated advertising creative department? and second, how are women’s learning trajectories influenced by their gender? Findings – Gendered expectations affected the type of work women were supposed to produce, their ability to sell work, and the types of assignments they received. Women lacked legitimacy and experienced difficulties developing an identity as a master practitioner. They instead emphasized parts of their identity unrelated to the profession. Research limitations/implications – Women were unable to develop identities as full members of the community of practice. The identity formed in conjunction with work was that of a person with lesser talents, fewer opportunities, and less valued contributions, causing them to exit the field or seek positive identity from places other than work. Originality/value – This study was the first study that the authors are aware of to examine empirically the relationship between situated learning theory and gender. It provided evidence from women’s perspectives that gender restricted access to material for forming a positive work-identity, which impeded learning as women realized and accepted they were on a different trajectory than similarly-situated males.
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de Boise, Sam. "Cheer up emo kid: rethinking the ‘crisis of masculinity’ in emo." Popular Music 33, no. 2 (April 8, 2014): 225–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143014000300.
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Abstract‘Emo’, an abbreviation of the word ‘emotional’, is a term both used to describe music which places public emphasis on introspective displays of emotion and a pejorative phrase applied to fans of a diverse range of music. It is overwhelmingly male-dominated in terms of production and it has been suggested that the development of emo can be explained with reference to a ‘crisis in masculinity’. This implies that explicit, male emotional expression is historically incompatible with the performance of Western ‘masculinity’. This article first briefly explores how emo emerged and how it has been linked to the idea of a crisis. It then moves on to conduct a lyrical, discursive analysis around three themes: emotional expression and relationships; overt chauvinism; and ‘beta male misogyny’. Through these concepts I suggest that, rather than indicating a crisis or ‘softening’ of masculinity, there are actually a number of historical continuities with masculinities as a means of sustaining gendered inequalities.
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Afanasyeva, Olga, Maria Goncharova, and Valentina Shiyan. "The Condition and Trends of Crimes Committed in Public Places." Russian Journal of Criminology 13, no. 6 (December 26, 2019): 895–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2019.13(6).895-908.
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The success of prevention greatly depends on its proper support by research. In the present situation with crime counteraction, it is impossible to achieve substantial results without using the advances of research. Criminological research of different types of crimes makes it possible to focus on their specific features. The authors of the article analyze the current situation with crimes committed in public places and their trends. It is noted that a third of all crimes in official statistics was committed in public places; their structure is dominated by theft, plunder and illegal drug trade. The general reduction of the level of crime in public places, characteristic for 2016, was accompanied by a growth in the number of crimes in the sphere of illegal trade in arms, drugs, and the number of thefts. The authors pay special attention to street crimes (summarize criminological approaches to the concept of «street crime», show its dynamics, structure, consequences, influence on the situation with public order and public safety, socio-psychological state of the society and the assessment of the work of the police). The results of researching crimes in public places at the regional level are presented. Using the analysis of statistical data from State Information and Analytical Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the authors state that the Central Federal District is one of the most problematic from the criminal viewpoint in the country. A high coefficient of crimes in public places is observed in the Siberian, Far East, Ural Federal Districts. Key modern trends of crimes in public places include: a dominant share of crimes against property; unlawful use of modern information and communication technologies for criminal purposes; links with transnational organized crime; a steady trend for a younger age of persons who commit crimes of this type. The results of the conducted research make it possible to determine new criminal challenges, identify priorities of preventive work, use and develop measures aimed at improving the counteraction not only to crimes in public places, but to crimes in general.
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Power, Nicole, and Moss Norman. "Re-Inscribing Gender Relations through Employment-Related Geographical Mobility: The Case of Newfoundland Youth in Resource Extraction." Canadian Journal of Sociology 44, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 283–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjs29599.
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Despite the popular representation of the masculine hero migrant (Ni Laoire, 2001), rural youth scholars have found that young men are more likely to stay on in their communities, while young women tend to be more mobile, leaving for education and better employment opportunities elsewhere (Corbett, 2007b; Lowe, 2015). Taking a spatialized approach (Farrugia, Smyth & Harrison, 2014), we contribute to and extend the rural youth studies scholarship on gender, mobilities and place by considering the case of young Newfoundlanders’ geographical mobilities in relation to male-dominated resource extraction industries. We draw on findings from two SSHRC-funded research projects, the Rural Youth and Recovery project, a subcomponent of the Community-University Research for Recovery Alliance (CURRA) and the Youth, Apprenticeship and Mobility project, a subcomponent of the On the Move Partnershi We argue that the spatial coding of gender relations in rural Newfoundland makes certain kinds of mobilities more intelligible and possible for young men, while constraining women’s. In other words, gender relations of rural places are “stretched out” (Farrugia et al., 2014) across space through the mobility practices of young men and women in relation to work in skilled trades and resource extraction industries. These “stretched out” gender relations are reproduced by the organisation of a sector that relies on a mobile workforce free from care and domestic work and familiar with manual work.
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Retno M, Laura Andri. "Membaca Perempuan Dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Perempuan yang Menunggu Karya Dorothea Rosa Herliany." Nusa: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra 12, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nusa.12.1.101-114.
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Positioning yourself as a woman by feeling all her existence and helplessness will make us able to read the text in a literary work of women. Literary works which written by female authors usually present messages and ideas contrary to the patriarchal system. If the reader simply places himself as a "reader" then he will not be able to capture the message and the idea. Instead they only concerned with the public's understanding and perception in general which is still dominated by patriarchal culture. Through the feminist’s approach "read as a woman" in the essay collection Perempuan yang Menunggu (The Waiting Women) by Dorothea Rosa's, "women readers" will find concrete images of the condition of women in accordance with reality. They will read, interpret and understand the body of women as well as their own body and identity. Ultimately, women are able to free themselves from the frame constraints that limit their creativity and overhaul the existing patriarchal systems
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Male dominated work places"
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Sirberg, Ronja, and Lina Nyblom. "Det handlar om att nöta, nöta, nöta : Chefers arbete för att motverka oönskade kulturer i en mansdominerad bransch." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för arbetshälsovetenskap och psykologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-35879.
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The purpose of this study was to identify what business executives do to counteract unwanted cultures within male dominated trades. This study will investigate two questions that are based on how business management experience the culture within an organization and what they do to actively prevent unwanted norms, attitudes and values in a work place. Nine semistructured interviews were conducted utilizing a qualitative method. All interviewees were in a position of power within male dominated trades. Collected data was analysed with an inductive thematic analysis which resulted in four main themes. The first main theme was trade culture, within which jargon and generational shift are discussed. The second main theme was the challenges and advantages of leadership. This theme discusses company leaders' ability to correct behaviors and be a good role model. It is also about diversity and employer - employee relations. The third main theme was safety culture, which concerns the idea of clarifying and reinforcing certain behaviors and expectations. The fourth and last main theme was the work of change. This theme enlightens the support that leaders may offer, as well as the values that permeate a workplace.
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Karakowsky, Len. "The effects of token status and gender-orientation of the task on participation, influence and emergent leadership behaviour in male-dominated and female-dominated work groups." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0006/NQ28286.pdf.
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Roksana, Kaniz. "Women in Male-Dominated Industry :The Construction Industry : A Study of Women's Disinterest, Professional & Social Barriers, Walkout from Construction Industry." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-42904.
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Problem: Many women experience problems when trying to enter the construction industry and perceive several barriers in professional practice. As a result, day by day women are losing their interest in building their career within this male-dominated industry and diverting towards other professions. The fact that women are showing less interest to work within construction industry and leaving the industry has been found as a major problem. Since in this male dominated industry around ninety percent labour are men and expecting a large numbers of retirement in the future, therefore today’s construction industry has a strong demand for labour. The construction industry’s representatives want to increase the number of women in this trade, but because of the previous reputation and discriminatory work environment it’s become difficult to attract more women. Therefore, to enhance the participation of women in construction trades, it is necessary to understand women’s perceptions about the nature of work and level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the job. It is also important to know what kind of changes in the work environment can motivate women not to leave this industry? How to eliminate the barriers in professional practice? Purpose: This thesis explores the current position of women in construction industry, and seeks to identify the reasons of women’s disinterest about the industry, job satisfaction and the barriers (professional and social) that compel women to think to change career and leave the construction industry. Method: This study has been performed through a qualitative interview study based on themes, on the subject of women in male-dominated industry. The research data is collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with professionals from Sweden, the USA, Canada, Latvia, Greece, The Netherlands and Bangladesh. The participants were active within the construction industry, and had the designation of project manager, construction engineer or structural engineer. To analysis the data in this research the Thematic Analysis approach has been adopted. Findings: The interviewed women stated that the unpleasant work environment, gender discriminatory behaviours from the male colleagues, less career development opportunities, unfair promotion system and unequal salary compel them to rethink about their career choice and leave the construction industry. The results of this study showed that the barriers women face in professional practice also depends on the geographical position and societal culture.
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Boström, Beatrice, and Linnea Lundberg. "What happens next? : A study of the action and inaction resulting from active gender equality work in an organisation in a male dominated industry." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264047.
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It is recognised that gender equality and diversity are essential for building successful organisations. To tackle the global challenges characterised by economies today, one must ensure equal opportunities for all, both men and women. Organisations have acknowledged the benefits of a more gender equal workforce and are starting to take action. But what are the results of such actions? We have found that a lot of research is focused on the sources of gender inequality in organisations but little on the efficacy of different actions to counter those inequalities. The purpose of this thesis is to examine how active gender equality work can impact an organisation. A case study of an organisation in the IT consultancy industry in Sweden is carried out where active gender equality work has been initiated through the internal project “the Gender Equality Project”. Empirical data gathered from interviews with employees from all levels of the organisation has been the main source of data collection and has worked as a base for the analysis and discussion. The research question that have guided our work is: How can active gender equality work impact the structure and culture within an organisation in a male-dominated industry? This thesis is based on a subjective approach, assuming that reality can be seen as a social construction and that humans create their own reality. This implies that the social world is viewed as a process which is created and recreated everyday through the usage of language, routines and actions. Further, this thesis argues that organisations should be seen as gendered and that assumptions about gender underlie the construction of organisations, resulting in a marginalisation of women which contributes to the maintenance of gender segregation in organisations. The findings show that active work with gender equality has resulted in structural and cultural impacts in several areas, such as more gender aware recruitment processes and external communication strategies as well as a culture which encourages employees to call out biases and defend gender equality initiatives. The findings also reveal an organisational structure which partly counteract the effects of gender equality work and a deficient communication of the purpose of the project which, currently, prevents it from becoming institutionalised. Much emphasis is put on the many middle managers in the organisation to bring the project forward and continue working with it, without clear expectations and guidance from the top management which has resulted in a halt and an inaction from the middle managers.Jämställdhet och mångfald anses som essentiellt för att bygga framgångsrika organisationer. För att kunna tackla de globala utmaningarna som världen står inför, måste lika möjligheter för både kvinnor och män kunna säkerställas. Fler och fler organisationer bekräftar fördelarna med en mer jämställd arbetskraft och börjar arbeta mot förändring. Men vad är resultatet av sådant arbete? Vi har funnit att tidigare forskning tenderar att fokusera på orsakerna till ojämställdhet i organisationer, istället för den verkan olika initiativ och arbete för att främja jämställdhet har. Uppsatsens syfte är att utvärdera hur aktivt jämställdhetsarbete kan påverka en organisation. En fallstudie har genomförts på en svensk organisation verksam inom IT-konsultbranschen, där aktivt jämställdhetsarbete har initierats genom ett internt projekt kallat “Jämställdhetsprojektet”. Den främsta källan till empirisk data härrör från intervjuer med anställda på alla nivåer i organisationen och denna data har lagt grunden för analys och diskussion. Den forskningsfråga som guidat oss i vårt arbete är följande: Hur kan aktivt jämställdhetsarbete påverka strukturen och kulturen i en organisation i en mansdominerad bransch? Uppsatsen tar en subjektiv ansats, och utgår från att verkligheten ses som en social konstruktion och att människor skapar sin egen verklighet. Detta medför att den sociala världen ses som en process som skapas och återskapas varje dag genom språkbruk, rutiner och handlingar. Vidare argumenteras det för att organisationer ska ses som könade och att antaganden om kön ligger till grund för konstruktionen av organisationer. Detta medför en marginalisering av kvinnor vilket bidrar till ett upprätthållande av könssegregeringen i organisationer. Resultaten visar att aktivt jämställdhetsarbete resulterar i strukturella och kulturella effekter. Effekterna kan ses genom en mer genusmedveten rekryteringsprocess och strategier för extern kommunikation men även en kultur där anställda uppmuntras till att uppmärksamma och motarbeta fördomar och försvara initiativ för jämställdhet. Resultaten belyser även en organisationsstruktur som till viss del motverkar effekterna av aktivt jämställdhetsarbete och en bristande kommunikation av projektets syfte, vilket i dagsläget hindrar en institutionalisering. Stor vikt läggs på organisationens mellanchefer att driva projektet framåt och fortsätta dess arbete. Det saknas dock klara förväntningar och vägledning från koncernledningen, vilket har resulterat i en stagnering och passivitet från organisationens mellanchefer.
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Bussart, Anna Lynn. "The Making of the Documentary Women at Work." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9791/.
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Women have fought for their rights to equal opportunity employment for more than a millennium. Even now, in the 21st century the fight continues. Women at Work explores the experiences of three women who work in male-dominated blue-collar jobs and discuses their struggles and successes within their employment. Their career choices have required each to address their individual views on feminism and femininity, as well as views on education and family.
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Fries, Elin, and Moa Zweifel. "”Vi vill ha er till den här tunga arbetsplatsen” : En kvalitativ studie om kvinnors upplevelser av jämställdhet på en mansdominerad arbetsplats." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-39921.
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Syftet med studien är att undersöka upplevelsen av och arbetet med jämställdhet på ett mansdominerat företag, hur kvinnor i produktionen upplever jämställdhet och hur företaget arbetar med jämställdheten. För att kunna förverkliga syftet har vi gjort en undersökning på ett svenskt industriföretag med verksamhet i ett flertal länder. Inför vår studie har vi besökt en av deras arbetsplatser som kan ses som en klassiskt mansdominerad arbetsplats då de endast har 9,9 % anställda kvinnor. För att analysera studien har vi valt att utgå ifrån ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv och har därefter valt passande teorier om bland annat skapande av kön och könsmärkning av organisationer. Studien är av kvalitativ karaktär då det empiriska materialet samlades in genom elva intervjutillfällen med tio olika informanter. Sju av dem är kvinnor som arbetar inom produktionen och tre av dem representerar företagets jämställdhetsarbete. I resultatet beskriver vi hur företaget arbetar med jämställdhetsfrågor och hur kvinnorna upplever jämställdheten på arbetsplatsen. Vi kom fram till att kvinnorna tyckte om sin arbetsplats, men att de såg vissa förbättringsområden inom jämställdheten på arbetsplatsen. Därtill hade de flesta en önskan av ett mer transparent jämställdhetsarbete som omfattar alla i organisationen.The purpose of the study is to investigate the experience of and the work with gender equality in a male dominated company, how women in production experience gender equality and how the company work with gender equality. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, we have conducted a survey in a Swedish industrial company with operations in several countries. We visited one of their workplaces which can be seen as a classic male dominated workplace since they only have 9.9% employed women. For the analysis of the study we have chosen to proceed from a social constructivist perspective and we have subsequently chosen suitable theories about, among other things, the creation of gender and gender labelling of organizations. The study is of a qualitative nature as the empirical material was collected through eleven interviews with ten different informants. Seven of them are women who work in production and three of them represent the company's gender equality work. In the result, we describe how the company work with gender issues and how women experience gender equality in the workplace. We found that the women liked their workplace, but they saw some areas of improvement in the field of gender equality at the workplace. In addition, most had a desire for a more transparent gender equality work that includes everyone in the organization.
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Fraser, Marisa. "Factors affecting the career advancement of female air traffic controllers in the South African air traffic control industry." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28556.
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Research shows that although the representation of women in the workforce has increased over the past couple of decades, there are many industries that still remain male dominated. In addition, it is generally known that such male-dominated industries have minimal female representation at their managerial levels. One such male-dominated industry in South Africa is the air traffic control (ATC) industry. Women represent about 30 percent of the industry, which suggest their status in the industry is still quite low. The purpose of this study was to examine male and female air traffic controllers’ perceptions of factors that facilitate and constrain women’s career advancement, and to determine whether there were any significant differences in their opinions. The study also identified what male and female air traffic controllers (ATCOs) think the industry can do to help prepare women for leadership positions in the industry, and how to eliminate barriers that may exist to women’s career advancement. Data for this study were collected through an online questionnaire adapted from Zhong’s (2006) study on a convenience sample (N = 147) of male and female ATCOs in South Africa. The data analysis was executed by using factor analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Content analysis was used to analyse the two open-ended questions. The findings from the ANOVA suggest that there were four significant gender differences in perceptions of the Personal effort/External support, Attitude/Internal character, Equity, and Family issues. There also were significant differences in opinion on External support/Personal effort, Attitude/Internal character, Equity and Family issues, depending on the number of children the respondents had, and significant differences of marital status on the External support/Personal effort and Family issues. Finally, significant differences were found in the years’ experience variable for Attitude/Internal character. In response to the open-ended questions, most of the respondents suggested that the ATC industry should offer training programmes to improve awareness of possible barriers within the industry, as well as to offer advice on how to overcome them and improve their leadership skills. This could be done by creating programmes on the knowledge and skills needed to advance one’s career or by providing mentors or role models. Future research could compare the perceptions of employees from different race groups and their perceptions of women’s career advancement in male-dominated industries. It is also recommended that researchers conduct in-depth qualitative interviews together with the current questionnaire to evaluate perceptions of the career advancement of women more critically.Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Human Resource Management
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Rolandsdotter, Kristina. "Att vara kvinna på en mansdominerad arbetsplats : En kvalitativ studie ur ett psykologiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79640.
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Trots att mycket skett inom jämställdhetsarbete på dagens arbetsplatser finns ännu problematik kring hur det är att vara anställd på en arbetsplats som har en majoritet av det ena eller andra könet. Studiens syfte var att utforska hur det är att vara kvinna på en mansdominerad arbetsplats samt hur den situationen eventuellt kan förbättras. Utgångspunkten var att fokusera på informanternas psykiska mående på arbetet. Materialet samlades in genom kvalitativa intervjuer och analyserades sedan enligt Burnards flerstegsprocess. Resultaten visade på en variation i kvinnornas upplevelser där de upplevde sexuella trakasserier och en förhöjd kravbild i jämförelse med de manliga kollegorna, men också upplevda positiva erfarenheter som stödjande kollegor och raka och ärliga kommunikationsmöjligheter. Resultaten visade även på hur viktigt ett aktivt förbättringsarbete var när det gällde kvinnornas situation. Exempel på hur ett sådant förbättringsarbete kan bedrivas föreslås i studien.What is it like, to be a woman at a male-dominated workplace? In this qualitive study, the question was asked to raise awareness around the complexities related to the subject, and how the situation for many women could be improved. The study focused on the psychological factors related to being one or one of few woman at a male-dominated workplace. The material was gathered through interviews and analyzed according to Burnard's step-process. The result showed a variation when it came to the women's experiences. Some of the women reported sexual harrassement and insuperably high requirements. Some also reported positive factors related to their situation, such as supportive male colleagues as well as honest communication styles. The result also showed on the importance of maintaining improvement work related to equality policies at every workplace. The paper offers some examples on such improvement work.
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Borg, Anna. "A CIAR study in a male dominated ICT Company in Malta which looks at work-life issues through the masculine lens : a case of : if it ain't broke, don't fix it?" Thesis, Middlesex University, 2014. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/14412/.
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The focus of this action research study is the analysis of invisible assumptions that sustain gendered work processes based on the ideal worker values. The case study, which is set within a Maltese ICT company, also explores the potential for action research (CIAR) to challenge the gendered processes in ways that enable better work-life integration through the Dual Agenda logic. Data for this research, which adopts a constructionist and interpretivist approach, were obtained through various cycles of qualitative interviews and focus group meetings with participants, the majority of whom were males. These were analysed through NVivo on the principles of Thematic Analysis. This research showed how the hegemonic masculine values of the leaders which led to the conceptualisation of the ideal worker, allowed them the opportunity to perform their masculinity in a culturally approved manner, and because this brought them power and benefits, such values prevailed. It also confirmed that the default expectations by which ideal worker values were measured, stemmed from culturally normative behaviour typically linked to unencumbered men. This rendered anomalous, suspicious and undesirable attempts to integrate work and life for family-related reasons. This happened in an organisational context where the means to assess productivity were low, where organisational learning was weak, and within a national context where the work-life challenge is typically linked to mothers. This illustrates how interlinking factors within the multi-layers of context underpin the current notions of ideal worker thus rendering CIAR insufficient to tackle the multi-forces at play which perpetuate the Single Agenda logic. This research highlights the importance of studying situated hegemonic masculinity in the micro context of organisations without neglecting the interlinking factors at play within the broader context that sustain it. This multi-dimensional approach is useful in allowing a better understanding of the complexities surrounding the concept of gendered organisations within a dominant hegemonic masculine culture. Overall, this research strives to make a contribution to the debate about gendered organisations and work-life issues through a better understanding of hegemonic masculinity. Furthermore, it adds knowledge about the potential and barriers to Dual Agenda change through the use of the CIAR approach.
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Hammarlund, Johanna, and Camilla Engström. "“Alla blev bedömda på precis samma premisser” : En kvalitativ undersökning om kvinnors upplevelser av att arbeta i en mansdominerad organisation." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45061.
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Vår uppsats undersöker hur tio kvinnor upplever att studera och arbeta på en mansdominerad arbetsplats, Försvarsmakten, ur ett genusperspektiv. Studien besvarar följande frågeställningar: Hur beskriver och upplever kvinnliga kadetter normer och värderingar inom organisationskulturen, ur ett genusperspektiv? Hur bidrar organisationskulturen till kvinnornas identitetsskapande i relation till de genusdiskurser som förs fram i Försvarsmakten? Hur formulerar de kvinnliga kadetterna sin yrkesidentitet ur ett genusperspektiv? Syftet med studien är att synliggöra genusdiskurserna inom militära arbeten då de ofta saknas. Vi undersöker frågeställningarna med en kvalitativ metod med tio semistrukturerade intervjuer med kvinnor som studerar eller ska studera till officer i Försvarsmakten. Det empiriska materialet har tolkats genom tidigare forskning och teori inom genus, organisationskultur och identitet. I studien framkommer att kvinnorna vill vara del av något större, de vill uppmärksammas för sina prestationer och inte för sitt kön, vilket inte alltid stämmer överens med det externa och interna kulturella perspektivet. De känner en stor tillhörighet till Försvarsmakten och upplever att de rådande normerna kring genus och könsroller i organisationen kommer att förändras trots upplevelser som talar emot. Identitetsskapandet påverkas av sociala sammanhang i organisationen och det finns avgörande faktorer och sammanhang som påverkar deras upplevelser av sin yrkesidentiteten.This study examines how ten women experience studying and working in a male-dominated organization, the Swedish Armed forces, from a gender perspective. This study answers the following questions: How do female cadets describe and experience norms and values in the organizational culture, from a gender perspective? How does the organizational culture contribute to women´s making of identity in relation to the gender discourse that are presented in the Swedish Armed Forces? How do the female cadets formulate their professional identity from a gender perspective? The purpose of the study is to make the gender discourses in military work visible. We answer the questions with a qualitative method with ten semi-structured interviews with women who are or will study to become an officer in the Armed Forces. The empirical material has been interpreted through earlier research and theory about gender, organizational culture and identity. The study shows that women want to be part of something bigger and want to be noticed for their achievements and not for their gender which not always agrees with the external and internal cultural perspective. They feel a great sense of belonging and feel that the existing norms regarding gender and gender roles in the organization will change despite experiences that speak against it. The making of identity is influenced by social context in the organization and there are cultural factors and context that affect their experiences of their professional identity.
Books on the topic "Male dominated work places"
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Gendertelling in Organizations: Narratives from Male-Dominated Environments (Advances in Orgnaization Studies). Copenhagen Business School Press, 2007.
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Cavender, Gray, and Nancy C. Jurik. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037191.003.0001.
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This introductory chapter begins with a background on the television series Prime Suspect, which chronicles the life and career of Jane Tennison (Helen Mirren), a detective chief inspector and later a detective superintendent for the London Metropolitan Police. Beyond its worldwide popularity, Prime Suspect is a pathbreaking series because it centers a strong woman lead in a gritty portrayal within what had been an otherwise overwhelmingly male-dominated police procedural subgenre. The series has shaped also the police procedural subgenre by setting higher standards for conveying a sense of social realism in the coverage of police work and, more specifically, what media analysts call “forensic realism.” The remainder of the chapter presents a brief history of the crime genre and women's place as well as a brief history of how television has portrayed women more generally. It concludes with an overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented.
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Karakowsky, Leonard E. The effects of token status and gender-orientation of the task on participation, influence and emergent leadership behaviour in male-dominated and female-dominated work-groups. 1997.
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Oksman, Tahneer, and Seamus O'Malley, eds. The Comics of Julie Doucet and Gabrielle Bell. University Press of Mississippi, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496820570.001.0001.
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Julie Doucet, who started publishing in the late 1980s, is a cartoonist and artist best known for her semi-auto biographical works, as depicted in her Dirty Plotte series as well as My New York Diary. Coming into her own in the late 1990s, when she first started self-publishing her comics, Gabrielle Bell rose to prominence with her 2009 book of short story comics, Cecil and Jordan in New York, as well as her diary comics, which have been recurrently collected in full-length books. While each artist has a unique perspective, style, and world view, the essays in this book investigate these artists' shared investments informal innovation and experimentation and in playing with question soft he auto biographical, the fantastic, and the spaces in between. This volume brings to gether eight original essays, including an extensive introduction, in addition to five republished interviews with the artists. Utilizing a variety of methodologies (archival work, gender theory, genre theory, etc.), the engagements in this book reflect how, despite the importance of finding “a place in side yourself” in order to create, this space is always, for better or worse, also as hared space, culled from, and subject to, surrounding lives, experiences, and subjectivities. Both the world of comics and its critics have been male-dominated for too long. The essays in this volume allow us to think about women’s place in the comics canon, while also appreciating Doucet and Bell as unique artists with powerful personal visions.
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Grene, Nicholas, and Chris Morash, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Modern Irish Theatre. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198706137.001.0001.
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The familiar narrative in this field has focused on playwrights: from the foundational work of W. B. Yeats, Augusta Gregory, and J. M. Synge of the early twentieth-century national theatre movement to contemporary figures such as Martin McDonagh, Marina Carr, and Enda Walsh, sometimes including Oscar Wilde, Bernard Shaw, and Samuel Beckett. These playwrights are all given detailed analysis in this volume, while extending the conspectus to the full phenomenon of modern Irish theatre. Two sections of the book are devoted to performance, examining the neglected work of directors and designers, as well as exploring acting styles and playing spaces. While the Abbey, as Ireland’s national theatre, has been of central importance, individual chapters bring out the contesting voices of women in a male-dominated arena, the position of Irish-language theatre, and ‘little theatres’ that challenged the hegemony of the Abbey. The middle of the twentieth century saw what amounted to a new revival of Irish drama with the emergence of a generation of playwrights responding in innovative ways to a modernizing Ireland, again diversified by the establishment of regional companies and alternative dramaturgical directions from the 1970s. The contemporary period in Irish theatre has featured a movement beyond scripted plays to more experimental work. The impact and interactions of Irish theatre are finally placed within the wider world of the United Kingdom, Europe, and the United States. The forty-one chapters of the volume offer the most comprehensive analysis to date of modern Irish theatre.
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Bedford, Kate. Bingo Capitalism. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198845225.001.0001.
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Bingo Capitalism uses bingo—a female-dominated and notoriously self-effacing game—to think differently about regulation and political economy. A key objective is to make bingo, as lens, more central to our debates about the regulation of economy and society. Part I sets the scene, responding to the query: why bingo? Part II explores the legal and political history of bingo. Part III analyses the regulation of people, while Part IV examines the regulation of products, places, and technologies. In so doing, the book uses bingo to better understand the role of the state in shaping the classed and gendered interrelation between diverse economies, especially in relation to non-commercial and commercial gambling. Bingo Capitalism offers the first sociolegal account of bingo as a globally significant and immensely popular pastime, centring implementation experiences alongside the broader political, economic, and social context to legislative reform. While considering the perspectives of lawmakers, who have debated what the game reflects about the nation and its economy, the book also centres the experiences of those who work in, and play, bingo, to trace how gambling law and regulation impact people in everyday life. The book identifies the central historical role of non-commercial, mutual aid play to UK gambling law and policy, and traces the ongoing relevance of this realm for current debates about the interrelation between capitalist and more-than-capitalist everyday economies. Bingo Capitalism also uses bingo as a case study of research into the gendered nature of regulation, showing how gender shapes, and is shaped by, diverse state rules on gambling.
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Poe, Edgar Allan. Selected Tales. Edited by David Van Leer. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199535774.001.0001.
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Since their first publication in the 1830s and 1840s, Edgar Allan Poe's extraordinary Gothic tales have established themselves as classics of horror fiction and have also created many of the conventions which still dominate the genre of detective fiction. Yet, as well as being highly enjoyable, Poe's tales are works of very real intellectual exploration. Abandoning the criteria of characterization and plotting in favour of blurred boundaries between self and other, will and morality, identity and memory, Poe uses the Gothic to question the integrity of human existence. Indeed, Poe is less interested in solving puzzles or in moral retribution than in exposing the misconceptions that make things seem ‘mysterious’ in the first place. Attentive to the historical and political dimensions of these very American tales, this new critical edition selects twenty-four tales and places the most popular - ‘The Fall of the House of Usher’, ‘The Masque of the Red Death’, The Murders in the Rue Morgue; and ‘The Purloined Letter’ - alongside less well-known travel narratives, metaphysical essays and political satires.
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Chenoy, Shama Mitra, ed. Delhi in Transition, 1821 and Beyond. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199477739.001.0001.
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Commissioned by the English East India Company to write about contemporary nineteenth-century Delhi, Mirza Sangin Beg walked around the city to capture its highly fascinating urban and suburban extravaganza. Laced with epigraphy and fascinating anecdotes, the city as ‘lived experience’ has an overwhelming presence in his work, Sair-ul Manazil. Sair-ul Manazil dominates the historiography of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century compositions on Delhi in Persian and Urdu, and remains unparalleled in its architecture and detailed content. It deals with the habitations of people, bazars, professions and professionals, places of worship and revelry, and issues of contestation. Over fifty typologies of structures and several institutions that find resonance in the Persian and Ottoman Empires can also be gleaned from Sair-ul Manazil. Interestingly, Beg made no attempt to ‘monumentalize’ buildings; instead, he explored them as spaces reflective of the sociocultural milieu of the times. Delhi in Transition is the first comprehensive English translation of Beg’s work, which was originally published in Persian. It is the only translation to compare the four known versions of Sair-ul Manazil, including the original manuscript located in Berlin, which is being consulted for the first time. It has an exhaustive introduction and extensive notes, along with the use of varied styles in the book to indicate the multiple sources of the text, contextualize Beg’s work for the reader and engage him with the debate concerning the different variants of this unique and eclectic work.
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Campos, Francisco, Markus Goldstein, Laura McGorman, Ana Maria Munoz Boudet, and Obert Pimhidzai. Breaking the Metal Ceiling. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829591.003.0008.
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Evidence from developed and developing countries indicates that there is significant gender segregation within the labour market, with women more likely to work in low-productivity sectors or less profitable businesses. This chapter looks at occupational segregation which significantly contributes to the earnings gender gap worldwide. The chapter studies the differences in outcomes for male and female enterprises and their sectors in sub-Saharan Africa, a region of high female labour market participation and entrepreneurship. Data on Uganda show that women breaking into male-dominated sectors make as much as men, and three times more than women staying in female-dominated sectors. Factors including entrepreneurial skill/abilities and credit/human capital constraints do not explain women’s sectoral choices. However, information about profitability of their small enterprises, male role models’ influence, and exposure to the sector from family and friends are critical in helping women circumvent or overcome norms undergirding occupational segregation.
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Trivellato, Francesca. The Promise and Peril of Credit. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691178592.001.0001.
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This book takes an incisive look at pivotal episodes in the West's centuries-long struggle to define the place of private finance in the social and political order. It does so through the lens of a persistent legend about Jews and money that reflected the anxieties surrounding the rise of impersonal credit markets. By the close of the Middle Ages, new and sophisticated credit instruments made it easier for European merchants to move funds across the globe. Bills of exchange were by far the most arcane of these financial innovations. Intangible and written in a cryptic language, they fueled world trade but also lured naive investors into risky businesses. This book recounts how the invention of these abstruse credit contracts was falsely attributed to Jews, and how this story gave voice to deep-seated fears about the unseen perils of the new paper economy. It locates the legend's earliest version in a seventeenth-century handbook on maritime law and traces its legacy all the way to the work of the founders of modern social theory—from Marx to Weber and Sombart. Deftly weaving together economic, legal, social, cultural, and intellectual history, the book describes how Christian writers drew on the story to define and redefine what constituted the proper boundaries of credit in a modern world increasingly dominated by finance.
Book chapters on the topic "Male dominated work places"
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Wright, Tessa. "Understanding Gender, Sexuality and Occupation in Male-Dominated Work." In Gender and Sexuality in Male-Dominated Occupations, 17–59. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50136-3_2.
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Kuo, Mei-fen. "The “Invisible Work” of Women." In Chinese Diaspora Charity and the Cantonese Pacific, 1850-1949, 154–72. Hong Kong University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888528264.003.0009.
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This chapter explores how Chinese cultural expressions of charity, based on interpersonal relationships (guanxi) and native place (tongxiang) ties, came to mix and interact with contrasting traditions of Christian charity practiced in a predominantly British milieu in colonial and federation Australia over the late 19th century and 20th centuries. We employ the term “philanthropic sociability” to capture the spirit of innovation that came to characterize a number of voluntary organizations in which Chinese Australian women were active organizers and innovators. By analyzing male-dominated writings and records of charitable fairs and public celebrations, the chapter argues that women undertook “invisible work” in voluntary organizations and built a variety of informal networks among them. Although their social impact was limited, women contextualized their participation in male-dominated activities in ways that cannot be explained in terms of patriarchal values. We find that the impact of women in Chinese- Australian voluntary organizations was not just about the feminizing of community formations but also about promoting philanthropic sociability in ways that traditional organizations could not match.
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McCormack, Carey. "Discovery and Patriarchy." In Environments of Empire, 129–48. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469655932.003.0007.
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This chapter focuses on the famous botanist and director of the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Joseph Hooker, and his journeys in South Asia. Joseph Hooker’s journeys provide a typical case study of a significant shift in the network of exchange from a diversity of people engaged in botanical “discovery” to a white, male-dominated profession. While professional botanists such as Joseph Hooker relied on indigenous knowledge about cultivation, soil erosion, adaptation and medicinal uses of plants collected in British holdings, local collectors who performed the majority of the work increasingly became silent partners in “discovery.” Botany and the expansion of Empire are intimately tied during the mid-nineteenth century and the hardening of the colonial categories of race, class and gender is evidenced by this shift towards botany as an exclusionary science. The professionalization of botany led to the exclusion of women and colonial subjects from the science of discovery.
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"Rambo Litigators: Emotional Labor in a Male-Dominated Occupation." In Gender And Work In Today's World, 73–94. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429500268-14.
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Griffin, Emma. "‘A man’s work was a man’s life’." In Bread Winner, 62–85. Yale University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300230062.003.0003.
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This chapter reveals the significance for work to male identity. Here, it shows how the centrality of work dominates men's autobiographies. Work was the key feature of a man's life and it was very often the motif by which male writers structured the story of their life. For most working-class men, work was equated with manhood — ‘I was a man and I knew it’. The chapter goes on to discuss how many Victorian children commenced their working lives at a considerably young age, particularly early in the reign when the place of children in the labour market was much more loosely regulated. Furthermore, to a far greater extent than girls, boys' experiences of work were shaped by the legislative framework as child labour laws became increasingly restrictive over time. This changing legal framework for child labour is clearly visible in the male autobiographies.
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Prescott, Julie, and Jan Bogg. "Female Game Workers: Career Development, and Aspirations." In Gender Considerations and Influence in the Digital Media and Gaming Industry, 206–22. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6142-4.ch011.
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Understanding the career factors that influence women's career aspirations in male-dominated occupations is important for increasing women's progression within these occupations. This chapter assesses the impact of career influencers on career aspirations of women working in the male-dominated computer games industry. An online questionnaire obtained international data from 450 women working in the computer games industry. A structural equation model was employed to investigate the influencers. Findings suggest that to increase women's career development and career aspirations within the computer games industry, self-efficacy, attitudes towards career barriers, work-life balance attitudes, person-environment fit and job satisfaction are crucial.
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"Issues Career Women Face." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 170–92. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4534-9.ch008.
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This chapter considers the issues women generally face in their careers and in particular in ICT and SET careers. The chapter discusses the barriers women can face in their careers and the drivers that can enable women to advance and progress in their careers. This discussion includes a review of mentoring and networking and illustrates the gender divide in access to mentors and networking opportunities. The chapter also considers work-life balance issues, which are particularly important for women working in male-dominated occupations and industries. It considers women’s lack of visibility in male-dominated occupations and industries and discusses the leaky pipeline and the factors that can aide retention and plug the pipeline for women.
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Elliott, Lauren, and Julie Prescott. "The Only Girl in the Class!" In Gender Considerations and Influence in the Digital Media and Gaming Industry, 36–55. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6142-4.ch003.
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Four female students studying a games course at one UK University took part in a qualitative study of face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Although a small sample, the study provided an interesting insight into the experiences of the females on the course as well as their views of entering (or at least potentially entering) the male dominated computer games industry. The findings related by the chapter reveal that females choose to study games because they enjoyed playing games. Despite all participants experiencing the course positively, there was some apprehension about going into the industry. Interestingly, the study suggests the male dominated working environment may be off-putting to women, even to women studying and interested in going into that area of work. The main themes that emerged in regard to the negativity associated with the industry were the long hours culture and potential sexism within the industry.
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Hansen, Helena. "The New Masculinity." In Addicted to Christ, 92–111. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520298033.003.0005.
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In The Reformation of Machismo (1995), Elizabeth Brusco proposed an intriguing theory to explain the mass conversion of Latin Americans to evangelical Protestantism: Protestantism as gender strategy. Based on fieldwork in Colombia, Brusco argued that the Protestant Church is a female-dominated institution and that women convert their male partners to domesticate them. Enforcing the clean-living program of evangelists, Colombian women brought men into the domestic sphere as heads of household, and forced men to give up the male subcultural pursuits of alcohol, adultery, and domestic violence. Using Brusco's argument as a point of departure, this chapter describes conversion among addicted men in Puerto Rico as a male-driven—rather than female-driven—gender strategy that changed the relationship male converts had to their families and their work.
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Muir, Rory. "Money and Society." In Gentlemen of Uncertain Fortune, 22–41. Yale University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300244311.003.0002.
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This chapter discusses the incomes of younger sons, as this has a bearing upon their position in society. Younger sons, in short, needed to work to secure their positions. Money was very important but it was not the only thing that decided someone's place in society. At the very top of the tree the chapter reveals three distinct but overlapping hierarchies: birth, wealth, and political power. The aristocracy dominated the ownership of land and still controlled a substantial share of the country's wealth, although the rapid growth of new industries, the colonial empire, and overseas trade was diluting its pre-eminence. There were many self-made men of large fortune; and also quite a number of relatively poor peers.
Conference papers on the topic "Male dominated work places"
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Fyffe, John R., Stuart M. Cohen, and Michael E. Webber. "Comparing Flexible CO2 Capture in Gas- and Coal-Dominated Electricity Markets." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54359.
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Coal-fired power plants are a source of inexpensive, reliable electricity for many countries. Unfortunately, their high carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions rates contribute significantly to global climate change. With the likelihood of future policies limiting CO2 emissions, CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) could allow for the continued use of coal while low- and zero-emission generation sources are developed and implemented. This work compares the potential impact of flexibly operating CO2 capture systems on the economic viability of using CCS in gas- and coal-dominated electricity markets. The comparison is made using a previously developed modeling framework to analyze two different markets: 1) a natural-gas dominated market (the Electric Reliability Council of Texas, or ERCOT) and 2) a coal-dominated market (the National Electricity Market, or NEM in Australia). The model uses performance and economic parameters for each power plant to determine the annual generation, CO2 emissions, and operating profits for each plant for specified input fuel prices and CO2 emissions costs. Previous studies of ERCOT found that flexible CO2 capture operation could improve the economic viability of coal-fired power plants with CO2 capture when there are opportunities to reduce CO2 capture load and increase electrical output when electricity prices are high. The model was used to compare the implications of using CO2 capture systems in the two electricity systems under CO2 emissions penalties from 0–100 US dollars per metric ton of CO2. Half the coal-fired power plants in each grid were selected to be considered for a CO2 capture retrofit based on plant efficiency, whether or not SO2 scrubbers are already installed on the plant, and the plant’s proximity to viable sequestration sites. Plants considered for CO2 capture systems are compared with and without inflexible CO2 capture as well as with two different flexible operation strategies. With more coal-fired power plants being dispatched as the marginal generator and setting the electricity price in the NEM, electricity prices increase faster due to CO2 prices than in ERCOT where natural gas-plants typically set the electricity price. The model showed moderate CO2 emissions reductions in ERCOT with CO2 capture and no CO2 price because increased costs at coal-fired power plants led to reduced generation. Without CO2 prices, installing CO2 capture on coal-fired power plants resulted in moderately reduced CO2 emissions in ERCOT as the coal-fired power plants became more expensive and were replaced with less expensive natural gas-fired generators. Without changing the makeup of the plant fleet in NEM, a CO2 price would not currently promote significant replacement of coal-fired power plants because there is minimal excess capacity with low CO2 emissions rates that can displace existing coal-fired power plants. Additionally, retrofitting CO2 capture onto half of the coal-based fleet in NEM did not reduce CO2 emissions significantly without CO2 costs being implemented because the plants with capture become more expensive and were replaced by the coal-fired power plants without CO2 capture. Operating profits at NEM capture plants increased as CO2 price increased much faster than capture plants in ERCOT. The higher rate of increasing profits for plants in NEM is due to the marginal generators in NEM being coal-based facilities with higher CO2 emissions penalties than the natural gas-fired facilities that set electricity prices in ERCOT. Overall, coal-fired power plants were more profitable with CO2 capture systems than without in both ERCOT and NEM when CO2 prices were higher than USD25/ton.
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Mileto, Camilla, Fernando Vegas, Lidia García-Soriano, and Salvador Tomás Marquez. "El Castillo de La Vilavella (Castellón). Estudios y primeras actuaciones de conservación." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11399.
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The Castle of La Vilavella (Castellón). Surveys and first conservation actionsThe castle of La Vilavella (Castellón) stands on the slopes of San Sebastián, and its various constructions follow the craggy relief of the hill, on the outskirts of the town to the west. The castle is currently an imposing ruin on top of a hill, a landmark which dominates the inland landscape as well as the plains to the sea. Part of the castle’s walled complex, which stretches along 230 m of the local topography with a maximum width of 60 m, is conserved. The walled complex incorporates a sequence of towers of different types, forms, and constructive techniques which reflect the different periods in which the complex was built. This article aims to present the conservation project carried out in the castle, as well as the prior analyses and completed work based on these. The starting point for this conservation project was that the actions on a major heritage asset such as this constitute another phase for learning about its material history. They also make it possible to continue research into its material and constructive history through new archaeological excavations such as the study of its constructive elements. The interventions carried out aim to respect the construction of the castle at both a material and aesthetic level, returning it to a physical condition which honours its history and helps prolong its useful life. The conservation work carried out, necessary to ensure consolidation, has focused mostly on the walls of the different structures and adaptation and musealisation actions of the castle complex.
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Peng, Cheng, Lili Tong, and Xuewu Cao. "Numerical Analysis on Characteristic of Hydrogen Mixing and Stratification in a Containment Model." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81235.
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Hydrogen explosion is one of the severe threats to the integrity of containment for nuclear power plant which has drawn many experts attention to make great efforts on hydrogen related issues, espeically after the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power station accident took place. However, the issue of hydrogen distribution hasn’t been closed as a result of related complex process of hydrogen transport and the particular design of each kind of facility. In the present study, CFD method has been applied to the pre-analysis on the characteristic of hydrogen mixing and stratification in a computational containment model for the sake of probable phenomena identification and instrumentaion design of experimental study in the next phase. Firstly, physical models have been verified by the experimental data from THAI HM2. Based on the determined numerical models, five typical groups of cases have been simulated, considering the effect of initial momentum, injection location, and injection direction. During the cases, only helium has been released in the vessel isothermally, on behalf of hydrogen. The results show that the backflow from the wall to the main stream in the dome and the buoyancy force may strongly dominate the helium flow, thus affacting the mixing and stratification. The eccentric injection and horizontal injection may also influence the helium distribution, in which the wall effects and rapid shifting may play important roles. However, the inference will be examined in the experiments later. All the work will be helpful for safety design and analysis of newly-built containment in China.
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Hosseinipour, Milad, Sajjad Z. Meymand, and Mehdi Ahmadian. "Vibration Analysis for Improving Powertrain Design and Contact Measurements of a Roller Rig." In 2015 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2015-5622.
Full textAbstract:
This paper provides two vibration analyses on a scaled roller rig that is under construction at the Railway Technologies Laboratory of Virginia Tech (VT) for evaluating wheel/rail contact mechanics. The scaled vertical rig includes a wheel that is placed on a roller with similar profile of a U.S. 136 weight rail. Two independent AC servomotors enable controlling the relative speed of the disks to a high degree of precision. Linear actuators allow for adjusting the simulated load, wheel angle of attack, rail cant, and lateral position of the wheel with respect to the rail, including flanging. Rotation of each disk is dominated by internal dynamics of the motors, gearheads, couplers, and flexible shafts. As a result, dynamics of each component has direct effect on the relative speed of the wheel and the roller at the contact patch. On the other hand, it is essential to make sure that the measurements are only caused by the particular subject of study, and not any intermittent source of disturbance such as unbalanced rotation. Electromechanical models of the rig components have been developed in previous works of the authors for studying the overall behavior of the coupled drivelines. This study aims to fulfill the previous studies by analyzing the effect of incorporating compliant joints in the drivelines, as well as unbalanced dynamics in the disks. Appropriate consideration is given to providing an accurate mathematical model of each phenomenon. The mathematical models are solved numerically to carry out parametric studies that represent actual working conditions of the rig. The results of these studies indicate that incorporation of constant velocity joints in sensitive instruments like the roller rig, leads to inevitable axial vibrations that affect both driver and driven sides. This paper also provides a tool for filtering the undesired vibrations from the contact measurements due to unbalanced rotation or other sources of the same nature.
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Milovanovic-Bertram, Smilja. "Lina Bo Bardi: Evolution of Cultural Displacement." In 2016 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2016.61.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years much has been written and exhibited regarding Lina Bo Bardi, the Italian/Brazilian architect (1914-1992). This paper aims to look at the phenomenon of cultural displacement and the dissemination of her design thinking as a major female figure in a male dominated profession. This investigation is distinguished from others in that it addresses the importance of regional and cultural influences that formed Lina’s design philosophy in her early years in Italy. Cultural displacement has long played a significant role in the creative process for artists. Often major innovators in literature are immigrants as elements of strangeness, distance, and alienation all contribute to their creativity. The premise is that critical distance is paramount for reflection as a change of context unfolds unforeseen possibilities. Displacement was a consistent element throughout the trajectory of Lina’s architectural career as she moved from Rome to Milan, from Milan to Sao Paolo from Sao Paolo to Bahia and back to Sao Paolo. Viewing this form of detachment and dislocation permits insight into her career and body of work as displacement mediates the paradoxical relationship between time and space. The paper will examine three distinct periods in her career. The first period is set in Rome, where she assimilated the city, showed artistic aptitude and spent her university years studying under Piacentiniand Giovannoni. The second period is set in Milan, where she developed impressive editorial and layout skills in publications work with Gio Ponti and BrunoZevi. and was influenced by Antonio Gramsci’s writings. The third is set in Brazil, where she builds and evolves as an architect via what she absorbed in Rome, wrote in Milan, and finally realized in Brazil. After Italy’s collapse in WWII Lina writes, draws, edits, critiques the plight of the Italians in need of better housing and circumstances. She leaves Milan with her new husband, PM Bardi (a prominent journalist, art critic) for Brazil. In Sao Paolo she absorbs the optimism and positive direction of Brazil. Her early design work in Brazil echoes European modernism, but when she travels to Bahia and becomes aware of the social conditions, she draws from her Italian experiences of and ideas of transforming lives through craft. Her architectural projects become directly responsive to the culture of Bahia and the politics of poverty. Lina’s design thinking evolves and parallels George Kubler’s study, The Shape of Time, and the history of man-made objects by bridging the divide between art and material culture.
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Howes, Brian C., and Shelley D. Greenfield. "Guidelines in Pulsation Studies for Reciprocating Compressors." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27421.
Full textAbstract:
While new gas compression in pipeline service tends to be dominated by centrifugal machines, reciprocating compressors still have a significant place in the industry. Specific dynamic design is required to ensure reliable and efficient operation of all reciprocating compressor installations. This requirement is particularly significant in pipeline installations, because the compressor is intended to be in service for many years, and because high efficiency is important for economic reasons. It is widely recognized that the design of these types of installations should include a “pulsation study”. A pulsation study involves analysis of the proposed installation to predict pulsation, vibration, and stress levels. Further, a pulsation vibration control scheme is developed as part of the overall design. The objective is to ensure that predicted pulsation and vibration levels meet guidelines while limiting associated pressure drops and horsepower losses to acceptable levels. Various guidelines have been used in these studies, but the most commonly used standards are in API 618. While this standard was not originally intended for pipeline service, in reality it represents the best design standard available for high specification reciprocating compressor installations in any application. Recently, work has been done to upgrade the API 618 design standard. One of the changes in the proposed new 5th edition is the addition of unbalanced force guidelines to the existing pressure pulsation guidelines. Much discussion occurred regarding the need for and the advisability of making the addition. Real examples show designs in which a reduction of pressure pulsation is accompanied by an increase in unbalanced forces, illustrating the need for an unbalanced force guideline. It is also shown that problems can occur due to unbalanced forces in parts of the piping system not currently addressed by the pulsation guidelines in API 618. The paper compares the current 4th Edition versus the draft 5th Edition. Comments are made on the applicability of the various guidelines. While API 618 is the best available design document, the addition of force guidelines will help API 618 do a better job for industry.
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Arruda, Amilton, Celso Hartkopf, and Rodrigo Balestra. "City branding: strategic planning and communication image in the management of contemporary cities." In Systems & Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ifdp.2016.3288.
Full textAbstract:
Over the past decade, one can observe a steady growth in the use of terms such as Place Branding, Nation Branding, Destination Branding and City Branding. Both in academic research and in the practical applications in large cities management and urban spaces, this new paradigm takes shape and, along with it, the need for definitions and concepts, methods and methodologies and the establishment of technical and theoretical standards. This approach was born in the Marketing field, specifically in what was called Place Marketing. In this context the Branding stood out as a development tool solutions to the need for differentiation, generation of solid images and the establishment of symbols and identity signs, in order to leverage economic benefits for countries, cities and regions. In a way, fulfilling, in the first instance, a similar role to the branding of products and services. But it was specifically in Branding corporations that were found the biggest matches to adapt this knowledge to management positions. Ashworth & Kavaratzis (2010) highlight the fact that both present multidisciplinary roots, a multiple number of strategic actors (stakeholders), high degree of intangibility and complexity of social responsibility, the multiplicity of identities and the long-term development needs are strong examples their similarities. The development and management of corporate identities, here expanded to the Branding corporations, it is a prolific field of Design. It great names of the area said their careers and built great legacy. The time of greater proficiency in the area were the 50s and 60s, dominated by modernist thought, and, coincidentally or not, exactly the time that focused efforts to assert the identity of the designer as a professional (STOLARSKI, 2006) . Nationally stand out names like Alexandre Wollner, Ruben Martins, the duo Carlos Cauduro and Ludovico Martino and Aloisio Magalhaes. In contrast, in the literature produced in the marketing field, often the role of design in this context is reduced to merely promotional measures, such as creating logos or advertising campaigns. In other words, defined as a work of low complexity and low social prägnanz. This approach comes at odds with contemporary theories of design, such as MetaDesign, Design Thinking and Design Collaborative, in which are presented motodológicos models of high relevance for the identification, analysis and solution of complex problems involving multiple elements and agents. The proposed article aims to survey the state of the art City Branding / Place Branding focused on publications produced in the disciplinary field of design. The literature review will grant that, before the above presented context, is analyzed as designers and researchers design face the contributions that the field can offer to the practice and theory of Branding places. Finally, Article yearns assess whether the pre-established hypothesis that there are possible and fruitful connections between contemporary theories of design and the City Branding, is being addressed in articles and publications area.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3288