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Journal articles on the topic 'Malaysian speakers'
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Pilus, Zahariah, Nur Shahida Zakaria, Muhamad Khairul Zakaria, and Ridwan Wahid. "Stretching the boundaries." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 29, no. 2 (August 6, 2019): 300–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.00035.pil.
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Abstract Nowadays, international communication using English as the medium is a common occurrence. To communicate effectively, English as a second language (ESL) speakers need to possess relevant communicative skills including understanding and being familiar with inner circle accents. This paper seeks to find out ESL learners’ evaluative reactions to four inner circle accents, representing British, American, Australian and New Zealand English varieties, through an accent perception and a survey task conducted on Malaysian undergraduates at a public university in Malaysia. The participants responded to descriptors on speaker attributes categorized into three dimensions: competence, social appeal and accent preference while or after listening to a recorded passage read in one of the four accents by male and female speakers. The learners showed a tendency to prefer certain accents more than others. In general, the best rated accent was the British accent for the male speakers and the American accent for the female speakers. The New Zealand accent was rated the lowest among the male speakers and one of the lowest among the female speakers. The study also found that speaker’s competence, speaker’s social appeal and accent preference were positively correlated. These findings highlight the importance of listening practices and exposure to various English accents in ESL classrooms to prepare students for international and intercultural communication.
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Tan, Rachel Siew Kuang, and Ee-Ling Low. "How different are the monophthongs of Malay speakers of Malaysian and Singapore English?" English World-Wide 31, no. 2 (May 21, 2010): 162–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.31.2.03tan.
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Early works on Singapore and Malaysian English used to consider them as a single homogeneous entity based on their shared history as previous British colonies. However, since 1965, both Malaysia and Singapore have been independent from each other. It is interesting to investigate, some four decades post-independence, how different the English speech patterns of Malaysians and Singaporeans have become taking into account the different language planning policies undertaken by both countries. This paper compares one particular aspect of pronunciation, i.e. the vowel qualities and durations of both varieties. The formants of the vowels of the read speech of five male and five female speakers of Malaysian English (MalE) are compared to an equivalent sample of speakers of Singapore English (SgE) in order to compare the vowel qualities between the two varieties. In particular, we compare the vowel quadrilateral space of MalE in comparison with SgE. Vowel durations are also measured for vowels produced in citation forms only. It is found that SgE speakers did maintain some distinctions between the long/short vowel pairs in terms of duration while the MalE speakers tended to conflate the long/short vowel pairs durationally.
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Mohd Nor, Siti Nurbaya. "Constructing ethnic and national identities in talk on Malaysian issues." Discourse & Society 32, no. 1 (October 10, 2020): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926520961628.
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This paper examines the connection between ethnic identity, the articulation of these identities through discourse and the ideologies indexed by these identities in the interaction of Malaysian speakers. Based on selected episodes of radio discussions, the study focuses on how speakers identify or self-categorise themselves, in such a way that makes ethnic identity relevant to the discussion. The study draws upon existing literature on types of identities in interactions and membership categorisation analysis (MCA) in investigating how speakers make ethnic identity relevant to the discussion on Malaysian issues through the act of self-categorisation. In the context of these discussions, the membership categorisation device (MCD) ‘Malaysian’ and ethnic identities acquire very specific meanings through the practice of self-categorisation. While some speakers focused on the ethnic culture and traditions, others are more interested in sharing their experiences based on their own ethnic identities and interactions amongst the society. Social issues like dealing with rights and obligations of certain ethnic or social groups and developing one’s sense of ethnic identity, among others, motivate speakers to offer their stance on these issues. In this way, their views and expressions of ethnic identity come to position themselves in terms of these interactional specific roles and identities as Malaysians.
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Abdul Aziz, Azlina. "Agreement Strategies Among Malaysian Chinese Speakers of English." 3L The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies 23, no. 1 (March 28, 2017): 168–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/3l-2017-2301-12.
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Vollmann, Ralf, and Tek Wooi Soon. "Language change and convergence in multilingual Malaysian Chinese." Global Chinese 6, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/glochi-2020-0002.
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AbstractBackgroundIn the multilingual situation of Malaysia, standard languages and spoken vernaculars are interacting in intricate ways whereby various spoken languages share a pool of words from Malay, English and Mandarin. Structurally, all languages converge and influence the spoken varieties of the standard languages.Material and methodThis contribution observes the situation from the viewpoint of Hakka speakers. In an analysis of the communicative practices in an extended Hakka family and their non-Hakka friends, the interactions of the various languages in borrowing and code-switching have been analysed and later discussed with speakers. It is expected that standard languages influence language use over time.AnalysisThe adult generations of the family speak Hakka and effortlessly mix with other languages. Intergenerationally, language change (and possibly language loss) can be observed for Hakka. Mandarin is gaining importance for all speakers. At the same time, loanwords and loan translations from Malaysian, English and Mandarin are frequent. This Malaysian vocabulary is shared by all spoken languages, with only few differences in usage. Standard Chinese is gradually replacing old Hakka words in Hakka.ConclusionsAs can be expected, the spoken languages such as Hakka are quickly losing traditional lexemes and phrases, while Mandarin Chinese as well as English and Malaysian words are used in Hakka; at the same time, spoken Mandarin and spoken English converges structurally with the substratic Chinese dialects.
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Zainuddin, Siti Zaidah, Alexander Charles Damiano-Nittoli, and Azlin Zaiti Zainal. "Hedging Functions in Malaysian Doctoral Candidature Defense Sessions." SAGE Open 9, no. 4 (July 2019): 215824401989427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019894275.
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The main aim of the present study is to build knowledge and understanding regarding the linguistic use of hedging by Malaysian speakers of English in academic spoken discourse and, more specifically, doctorate students presenting their thesis in the candidature defense. It looks not only to describe the specific nature of spoken academic hedging in Malaysia but to make inroads into identifying cultural factors that shape the way this hedging takes place. To realize these aims, a corpus-based investigative case study that used both quantitative and qualitative methods was used. Transcriptions of candidature defenses and semi-structured interviews regarding the nature of doctoral candidature defense were used to gather the data. The study found that national culture and the dynamic power distance in the educational culture surrounding the defense had an effect on the interpersonal hedging used by Malaysian speakers and the gap in hedging use between panel members and candidates. Disciplinary culture was also observed to influence hedging, specifically in referencing other work and testing theory to build an argument.
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Jeong, Hyeseung Jeong, Bosse Thorén, and Juliana Othman. "MUTUAL INTELLIGIBILITY OF MALAY- AND SWEDISH-ACCENTED ENGLISH: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY." Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics 7, no. 1 (May 31, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v7i1.6857.
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In using English as an international language (EIL), one important issue is mutual intelligibility among EIL speakers from different language backgrounds. The present study investigates the cross-linguistic intelligibility of Malay-accented English and Swedish-accented English, regarding the three phonetic features – word stress pattern, consonant clusters, and long vowel in particular. We prepared 15 English statements that are evidently true or false if understood, and examined to what extent the three phonetic features are related to 30 Swedish and 38 Malaysian listeners’ understandings of the statements read by a speaker from the other language group. We compared the Malaysian and Swedish listeners’ answers given with understanding as well as processing time to respond. The listeners’ own accounts of their struggles in understanding the speakers’ pronunciations were also analyzed. Results show that Malaysian listeners easily understood Swedish-accented English, while Swedish listeners struggled to understand Malay-accented English. The difference between the two groups of listeners seems to be closely related to the degree of the realization of the three phonetic features by the speakers as well as to the degree of the use of these features as perceptual cues by the listeners. Based on the findings, we discuss potential phonetic core features of EIL for intelligibility and some pedagogical implications for teaching English pronunciation to the learners of the language.
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Puah, Yann-Yann, and Su-Hie Ting. "Malaysian Chinese speakers' attitudes towards Foochow, Hokkien and Mandarin." Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 36, no. 5 (August 21, 2014): 451–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2014.936875.
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Gut, Ulrike, and Stefanie Pillai. "PROSODIC MARKING OF INFORMATION STRUCTURE BY MALAYSIAN SPEAKERS OF ENGLISH." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 36, no. 2 (May 20, 2014): 283–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263113000739.
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Various researchers have shown that second language (L2) speakers have difficulties with marking information structure in English prosodically: They deviate from native speakers not only in terms of pitch accent placement (Grosser, 1997; Gut, 2009; Ramírez Verdugo, 2002) and the type of pitch accent they produce (Wennerstrom, 1994, 1998) but also with regard to the phonetic realization of these pitch accents (Atterer & Ladd, 2004; O’Brien & Gut, 2010). This study investigates the prosodic strategies of first language (L1) Malay speakers of English for marking given and new discourse elements. Ten Malay speakers of English were recorded reading out a 179-word story that contained six given and six new words. Additionally, 10 Malay speakers read aloud a 152-word story containing six given and six new words in Malay. The given-new word pairs were analyzed both auditorily and acoustically in terms of type of pitch accent, syllable duration, phonetic realization of the rise, and pitch peak alignment. The results show that the Malay speakers of English produce longer rises on new than on given discourse elements but do not show different pitch accents, syllable duration, pitch peak alignment, or steepness of rises on the two types of words. The average extent and steepness of the rises as well as the pitch peak alignment are almost identical in Malay and the L2 English of Malay speakers, which suggests direct influence from the L1. However, differences in the type of pitch accents produced and the similarities to the patterns produced by other L2 speakers suggest further influencing factors.
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Ahmad, Nurfarahin, Nalini Arumugam, and Kaarthiyaini Supramaniam. "A Study of the Speech Act of Complaining." International Journal of Modern Languages And Applied Linguistics 1, no. 1 (August 1, 2017): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/ijmal.v1i1.7616.
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The present study aims to examine the speech act of complaining performed by consumers of a particular organisation by investigating the pragmatics strategies employed by the consumers in complaining. The behaviours of Malaysian non-native English speakers when making online complaints directed to an organisation is expected to have different approaches and preferences compared to complaints produced by native speakers of English. A case study approach was used in this qualitative study to investigate the preference of Malaysian non-native speakers of English language when making online complaints with respect to the components of the speech act set of complaining by analysing 50 online complaints, posted by 50 customers via www.complaintsboard.com. The results indicated that the component of complaining is found to be the most frequent in online complaints. Besides, it was also found that the complaints made by non-native speakers did not appear in isolation but accompanied by other components of speech act like criticism, justification, request for explanation, warning and threat and sarcasm. In addition, Malaysian non-native English speakers employed complaint strategy that lies under the third level of severity of complaint which means they produced the complaint by expressing it explicitly.
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Ting, Su-Hie. "Variable impact of Malaysia's national language planning on non-Malay speakers in Sarawak." Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada 12, no. 2 (June 2012): 381–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-63982012000200008.
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The study examined the impact of the national language policy on the language use of three main ethnic groups in the Malaysian state of Sarawak. The data analyzed was based on a sociolinguistic survey on language use in six domains that involved 937 Malay, Chinese and Iban adolescents from three major towns in Sarawak. The results showed that the use of Bahasa Malaysia exceeded English usage for all three ethnic groups, showing the success of compulsory education in the national language. However, the language planning has greater impact on the Iban than on the Chinese who are shifting away from the ethnic languages of the Chinese sub-groups to Mandarin Chinese. The availability of an alternative standard language with international standing which also functions as a symbol of cultural solidarity compromises the impact of the national language policy.
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Mechraoui, Amal, and Faridah Noor Binti Mohd Noor. "The direction giving pointing gestures of the Malay Malaysian speech community." Gesture 16, no. 1 (June 15, 2017): 68–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/gest.16.1.03mec.
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Abstract When we speak, we do not only produce a chain of words and utterances, but we also perform various body movements that convey information. These movements are usually made with the hands and are what McNeill (1992) terms gestures. Although gesturing is universal, the way we gesture and the meanings we associate with gestures vary cross-culturally. Using a qualitative approach, this paper describes and illustrates the forms and functions of pointing gestures used by Malay speakers. The data discussed is based on 10 video recorded direction-giving interactions. Findings show that pointing among Malay speakers is achieved through the use of various manual pointing gestures and other bodily actions involving gaze, torso and head movements, which communicate distinct functions. This study has indicated that although some gesture forms and functions are shared among Malay speakers and other cultural groups, some direction-giving pointing behaviors are Malay specific.
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Hadei, Marzieh. "Social Factors for Code-Switching-a Study of Malaysian-English Bilingual Speakers." International Journal of Language and Linguistics 4, no. 3 (2016): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20160403.15.
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Jaafar, Mohammad Fadzeli, Norsimah Mat Awal, Mohammed Azlan Mis, and Norhayati Lateh. "The patterns of language choice at the border of Malaysia-Thailand." Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics 5, no. 2 (January 30, 2016): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v5i2.1342.
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Any activities conducted at the boundary area between countries will only be successful if the community of speakers has mutual understanding in terms of language, especially those involving business. This study focuses on a community in the northern part of Malaysia near the Thailand border where majority of people are bilingual in Malay and Thai. This study aims to investigate the patterns of language used by speakers in the Malaysia-Thailand border, in the context of language maintenance and language shift. Both countries use different languages; with Malaysians use Malay and the Thais use Thai language. In this cross-border context, activities pertaining to business, visit or personal matters will have an impact on the development of the two languages. This study presents the findings on the language choice from a survey involving 202 respondents that was conducted in two border towns at the Malaysia-Thailand border, namely Rantau Panjang (Malaysian side) and Golok (Thailand side). By utilizing the domain concept that was introduced by Fishman (1972), this study focuses on two domains namely, business and family. In addition to the questionnaire, participant observations and interviews were also conducted as supplements. The data on the patterns of language choice were analyzed statistically. The findings show that although Malaysians and Thais speak two different languages, Kelantanese dialect, which is a variety of the standard Malay, was the most dominant language at the border. This study also found that age was a significant factor in determining the patterns of language use. The younger generations were using Kelantanese dialect and Thai language in domains where older people would only use Kelantanese dialect. This points to the occurrence of language shift at the border. However, the community at the Thai side of the border tends to choose Kelantanese dialect in their daily activities, which seems to indicate language maintenance in this area. These findings suggest that language can serve as a marker of identity, especially for those communities in Golok as most of them are originally from Malaysia. Finally, this study has contributed empirical data on language usage at the Malaysia-Thailand border.
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Kamaruddin, Siti Noor Diana Mohd, Zulaikha Farhana Izehari, and Ira Syaqira Sukimin. "Language Needs Analysis: An Initial Investigation on Malaysian Drivers for Alternative Taxi Company." Asian Journal of Social Science Studies 2, no. 4 (November 20, 2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/ajsss.v2i4.239.
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Alternative taxi service has started becoming a trend and gained popularity all over the world. In Malaysia, people depend on conventional taxis for many decades which are registered under Public Transport Commission. With the advancement of technology, a few applications were introduced and passengers and conventional taxi drivers started installing them to accept or reject passengers. However, when the popular American alternative taxi service (Uber) arrived in Malaysia, it has become popular among passengers when new drivers emerged as many people started registering and using the application. The study attempts to explore the language needs of Malaysian taxi drivers (particularly alternative taxi service) and the challenges they face when communicating in the English Language with their passengers. A case study design was employed in the study which a total of three participants (part-time drivers living in Klang Valley area, registered under the same alternative taxi company in Malaysia) were interviewed through open-ended and semi structured interview questions. The findings show there are three main challenges faced by these drivers when communicating in English Language with their passengers which are (1) struggle to comprehend communication in English Language with native speakers, (2) difficulty in making conversations and keeping them going, and (3) difficulty in understanding and communicating with non-native speakers from non-English Language speaking countries. Another findings show that the English Language is used with passengers for four reasons: (1) using English Language to reply passengers' text message, (2) using English Language to spark general conversation with passengers, (3) using English Language to communicate with foreign passengers; and (4) using English Language to convey precise information to passengers. Therefore, alternative taxi companies should consider offering courses related to enhancing their drivers’ competency in English communication. English courses developed explicitly for the purpose of communication between drivers and passengers may take the results found from this study into account. The findings should be able to assist in developing a course that would aid drivers into strategizing their communication with passengers.
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Mukundan, Jayakaran, and Laleh Khojasteh. "Modal Auxiliary Verbs in Prescribed Malaysian English Textbooks." English Language Teaching 4, no. 1 (February 28, 2011): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v4n1p79.
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The use of corpus-based findings in order to inform L2 teaching materials have been emphasized by many researchers owing to the fact that the studies of authentic texts have revealed some inconsistencies between the use of grammatical structures in corpora, and those found in language textbooks that are based purely on hunch. Therefore, by comparing a textbook corpus with the British National Corpus, this study attempts to shed light on the extent in which modal auxiliary verbs presented in the Malaysian prescribed textbooks are identical with those used by native speakers. The findings showed that there are discrepancies between English language textbooks and real language use. Findings from this study contribute to the improvement of pedagogical practices in the teaching of the modal system and provide a sense of familiarity with textbooks’ content thus assisting educators in identifying the particular strengths and weaknesses in textbooks already in use.
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Teh, June Li, and Zahariah Pilus. "International students’ perspectives of Malaysian English teachers’ spoken English." Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics 8, no. 3 (January 31, 2019): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v8i3.15255.
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Numerous studies comparing native and non-native English teachers have found that ESL students prefer native teachers for teaching speaking skills and pronunciation. In other words, non-native teachers are viewed as less superior in matters related to spoken language. This study explores international students’ views on spoken English of Malaysian teachers in English language classrooms. 81 international students who were attending English language classes as a preparation for university programmes at a Malaysian university participated in the study. The students were given a short writing task which required them to rate as well as stated their views on their Malaysian teachers’ spoken English in terms of speech rate, pronunciation, vocabulary, syntax, intelligibility, nativeness and acceptability for global communication. The study found that the international students considered the variety of Malaysian English used in the classroom as highly intelligible with high ratings for speech rates, vocabulary and sentence structures. Malaysian English is also viewed as highly acceptable for global communication. Although the teachers’ spoken language was rated lower for pronunciation and nativenesscompared to other traits confirming the views that non-native teachers are perceived as less proficient in pronunciation compared to the other skills, the ratings were still high indicating that in general, the acrolectal variety of Malaysian English as spoken in English classes is reasonably well accepted by other non-native speakers.
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Muthusamy, Paramasivam, and Atieh Farashaiyan. "A Corpus-Based Comparative Study of Malaysian ESL Learners and Native English Speakers in Compliment Patterns." International Journal of Linguistics 9, no. 5 (October 27, 2017): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v9i5.12070.
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Even though many language learners are concerned with to master target proficiency, owing to years of meticulous studies, immersion in TL environments, access to multimedia and educational amenities, in addition to availability of affluent sources or merely thanks to God-given language talents, many will seldom take off from conspicuous learner-language and might never produce authentic language either in speech or in writing. In recent years, however, with corpus linguistics gaining currency in academia, a new light has begun to glimmer at the end of the tunnel that corpus-based materials and data-driven language instructions can actively and consciously engage learners and acquaint them with what authentic language is rather than what the text books prescribe it to be. Already, a growing body of research has been dedicated to data-driven learning across the world to survey the effectiveness of incorporating corpora in ELT. As such, the purpose of this research is to investigate the patterns of compliments in writings of the Malay ESL students and compare the findings with native English speakers. The results showed that the Malay ESL learners used a rather different number of syntactic patterns compared to the English native speakers and their frequency of patterns outgrew those of the natives.
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Kaur, Naginder, Nor Arzami Othman, and Hana Wahida Adli. "The Development of a Multimedia Application in Learning Japanese." Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jeeir.v8i3.10560.
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The Look East Policy Programme in Malaysia, that was rejuvenated recently by Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad, the seventh Prime Minister of Malaysia, focuses on a few key areas, namely, education, training and investment, consequently, making the learning of Japanese as a third language fundamental for Malaysian undergraduates as a key point to set them apart from others, especially in multicultural or intercultural competency atmospheres. On the global sphere, the emergence of Japan as a rising force in industrialisation has also made the learning of Japanese essential for non-native speakers. Hence, it has become relevant and necessary to pay more attention to the learning of the Japanese language in all corners of the globe. However, for many, it is a daunting task, mainly because of unfamiliarity with the Japanese script and the vast number of characters in the language. This paper outlines an initiative taken by the researchers in developing and testing a multimedia application for Japanese language learning using sensory learning and Tangible User Interface, adopting the five-step ADDIE model. The paper maps out the detailed step-by-step process in developing this application, named ATAMJHS for the learning of the Hiragana syllabary, using Malay language mnemonics as the learning guide, thus, making it a truly novel application for use by any Malay-literate learner in South East Asia and anywhere beyond, ensuring a more rewarding and sustainable partnership with Japan in the future, through quality education (SDG 2030: Goal 4), specifically in upholding and realising the Look East Policy in the Malaysian context.
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Omar, Mohd Faizal, Nurul Husna Mahathir, Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi, and Faisal Zulhumadi. "Prototype Development and Pre-Commercialization Strategies for Mobile Based Property Analytics." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 13, no. 10 (September 25, 2019): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v13i10.11309.
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No wadays, the government agencies are looking for strategies to strengthen their newly implemented policies for the nation building. The grassroots or the customer’s sentiments is very important to develop an inclusive policy with a mixed of bottom-up approach to incorporates the customer’s opinion. However, due to the unique political landscape and multiracial in Malaysia, current commercial off-the-shelf Social Analytics are irrelevant to capture the sentiments of multilingual characteristic for Malaysian native speakers. Current Social Analytic tool are lacking the quality of analysis for foreign languages such as Malay which limits the businesses to localize advertisement for a specific geographical area. Hence, this research is proposed to develop a real-time social media analytics tool with sentiment analysis specifically in Malaysian context in order to engage and analyze the customer reviews and opinions. The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate our approach to utilize data from social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter in gaining valuable insights to drive and improve marketing strategy in property industry. This research developed a tool namely Property Analytics to assess public sentiments on specific property project or services. The methodology and approach to enhance from lab scale to pre-commercialization activities are outlined in this paper. It is anticipates that our work is relevant to real world application, improve stakeholder’s decision making and people’s quality of life.
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Kamal, Omar M. "International Conference on Islamic Economics in the 21st Century." American Journal of Islam and Society 16, no. 4 (January 1, 1999): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v16i4.2093.
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The International Conference on Islamic Economics in the 21st Century was the second international conference organized by the International Islamic University Malaysia {IIUM), in cooperation with the Islamic Research and Training Institute {IRTI) of the Islamic Development Bank (IDB). The conference was held 9- 12 August 1999 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The Malaysian Minister of Education Dato' Sri Mohd and the president of the IIUM, Najib Tun Abdul Razak, officially opened the conference. Several ambassadors to Malaysia from Islamic countries, academicians, and prominent Islamic bankers attended the opening session. Over 200 delegates from more than 15 Muslim and non-Muslim countries attended the conference. Delegates represented academicians from private and public institutions of higher learning and officials from central banks and monetary authorities. The delegates included economists, corporate executives, government officials, officers involved in Islamic banking, investment bankers, fund managers, officials from zakat and waqf institutions, researchers in Islamic economics and related areas, and students of economics. Approximately 25 to 30 percent of the attendants were delegates representing countries other than Malaysia. Speakers and discussants included members of various universities and institutions such as the International Institute of Islamic Economics (Pakistan), the Islamic University of Palestine, Kausar University of Sciences (Pakistan), Rajshashi University (Bangladesh), King Abdel Aziz ...
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Zulkifli, Munirah, Norazilah Buhari, and Nor Azlili Hassan. "Eufemisme Cerminan Nilai Sosiobudaya Masyarakat Malaysia." Sains Insani 4, no. 2 (November 19, 2019): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/jsi2019.4.2.05.
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Bahasa merupakan alat komunikasi dan ciri asas sesebuah tamadun. Bahasa yang halus, sopan dan santun atau juga dikenali sebagai eufemisme melambangkan kandungan pemikiran, sikap dan tingkah laku penutur dalam masyarakat yang bertamadun. Bahasa memainkan peranan penting untuk membina konsep diri seseorang penutur. Ianya juga menjadi salah satu unsur penting dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tamadun manusia sebagai pandangan semesta masyarakat, sebagai pengungkap falsafah, ilmu dan pemikiran serta alat kreativiti manusia dalam pelbagai bidang kehidupan. Justeru, bahasa harus diletakkan di tempat yang sewajarnya bersesuaian dengan konteks pembinaan dan pemantapan sesebuah masyarakat yang bertamadun. Dalam konteks masyarakat Malaysia, kesantunan berbahasa amat dititikberatkan sebagai cerminan nilai kelompok masyarakat di Malaysia. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti peranan bahasa dalam proses pembentukan tamadun Malaysia dan melihat hubungan kesantunan berbahasa dengan nilai sosiobudaya masyarakat di Malaysia. Kaedah kajian adalah kuantitatif yang melibatkan pengumpulan data utama melalui tinjauan ke atas 272 orang belia Melayu, Cina dan India di sekitar Lembah Klang. Peranan bahasa mampu menyatupadukan dan mencerminkan jati diri masyarakat Malaysia yang berbeza etnik. Hubungan kesantunan berbahasa dengan sosiobudaya berjaya dilihat melalui nilai malu, nilai menghormati dan nilai budi bahasa masyarakat Malaysia.
Kata kunci: eufemisme, sosiobudaya, nilai, Malaysia, kesantunan berbahasa.
Language is the basic means of communication and basic characteristics of a civilization. The subtle, courteous and polite language or also known as euphemism symbolizes the content of the thinking, attitude and behavior of speakers in civilized societies. Language plays an important role in building a person's self-concept. It is also one of the important elements in the growth and development of human civilization as the universal view of society, as a philosopher's expression, knowledge and thinking and human creativity in various fields of life. Hence, language must be placed in the proper place in accordance with the context of the building and the stabilization of a civilized society. In the context of Malaysian society, language politeness is strongly emphasized as a reflection of the value of community groups in Malaysia. In this regard, the study aims to identify the role of language in the process of forming the Malaysian civilization and to see the affair of language politeness with the sociocultural value of society in Malaysia. The study method is quantitative involving the collection of major data through surveys of 272 Malay, Chinese and Indian youths around the Klang Valley. The role of language is able to unify and reflect the identity of different ethnic communities of Malaysia. The politeness relationship of sociocultural is seen through the value of shame, respect and values of the society of the Malaysian society.
Keywords: euphemism, sociocultural, value, Malaysia, language politeness
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Machart, Regis, and Atafia Azzouz. "Deconstructing Cultural Stereotypes to Improve International Students' Interculturality." International Journal of Bias, Identity and Diversities in Education 1, no. 2 (July 2016): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbide.2016070104.
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Malaysian Pre-France programmes prepare Malaysian students to study at a French university. Students are prepared in intensive language courses, as well as mathematics and science in line with the French curriculum. The teaching staff members include French citizens and other nationals, native and non-native speakers, members of the ethnic minorities from France. Malaysia itself is a multicultural country and highly diverse in terms of language, ethnicity, religion, etc. The authors' expectations were that the convergence of these French-speaking lecturers with students from a ‘culturally' diverse environment would entail a certain form of fluidity in approaching the ‘culture' of the host destination. However, their experiences during the required DELF, a diploma awarded by the French Ministry of Education to prove the French-language skills of non-French candidates, demonstrate that the representations of France remain rather static and ‘traditional'. Such representations generate some anxiety for the students before they travel abroad. In an attempt to evaluate the impact of these representations and the students' readiness to meet ‘culturally different others', the authors conducted a small scale experiment with final semester students who were about to leave for France two months. They first administrated a questionnaire to 21 students for the purpose of revealing the students' latent representations of their host destination. The participants then followed a lecture in order to deconstruct their original representations, and asked to write a report in French on this experiment. Results show that the long-term exposure to ‘visible' diverse speakers has little effect on the participants in terms of moving away from cultural stereotypes, but that a relatively short but explicit intervention has a rather significant impact on the participants' representations. The authors conclude that only a pro-active, deconstructive and explicit course of action can enable learners to move away from widespread stereotypes, and that a fluid intercultural awareness on the part of lecturers is crucial.
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LIAO, Chih-I. "Language Used by Chinese Malaysian Students Studying at an Australian University." Issues in Language Studies 9, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ils.2350.2020.
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In Australia, more than 33% of total international students are Mandarin speakers. Mandarin has become a common language in the international student community in Australia. Speaking Mandarin is important while studying in an English-speaking country. This article explores Chinese Malaysian students’ language proficiency and their language attitudes. Five participants were selected from an Australian university, they were interviewed based on sociolinguistic case study research. The language proficiency of five participants was classified at five levels and the participants were required to self-rate in all their languages in the questionnaire. The findings show that three of the five participants preferred speaking English in Australia while the other two felt more confident of speaking Mandarin. All participants claimed that living in Australia, English and Mandarin are equally important. In contrast, the five participants’ Bahasa Melayu proficiencies had largely decreased because of less practice and negative attitudes.
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Idrus, Faizah, and Nas Idayu Mohd Nazri. "The Construction of Collective Identity in Malaysian ESL Secondary Classrooms." English Language Teaching 9, no. 10 (September 13, 2016): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v9n10p101.
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<p>This study seeks to identify the construction of collective identity in ESL classroom among students in a secondary school in Selangor, Malaysia. Identity construction can be helpful in supporting students academically and socially, especially in the English language classrooms. Being non-native speakers, students may have the tendency to feel isolated because of the limited knowledge in English. A qualitative investigation was employed and the samples comprised of 12 secondary students from Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Jeram, Kuala Selangor. In-depth interviews were carried out with the respondents.The results revealed that when constructing their personal identities, individuals may want to identify themselves with the mutual interest of the groups they are part of. Identifying oneself with a group not only means wanting to be accepted, but also adhering to having mutual identities and values of the group. Therefore, the current study seems to confirm the finding of previous studies where researchers stated that the identity of an individual is defined by its majority group with whom the individuals share the physical environment and the territory they inhabit.</p>
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ABDUL RASHID, ROSWATI, RADHIAH ISMAIL, ROSLINA MAMAT, and ZANJABILA NUDIN. "HUMOUR BY MALAYSIAN JAPANESE-SPEAKING TOUR GUIDES DURING TOUR SESSION IN CROSS-CULTURAL CONTEXT." Journal of Business and Social Development 8, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/jbsd.2020.09.006.
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This research concerns the use of humour in Japanese language by Malaysian Japanese-speaking tour guides. The goal is to explore the pattern of humour strategies in communicating with Japanese tourists in the context of a clash of Malay and Japanese cultures. Data were obtained from four recorded conversations between tour guides and tourists. The conversations were transcribed and coded. Tour guides consisted of four Japanese-speaking Malays and the tourists were all native speakers. The study identified four categories of humour employed in a cross-cultural context. The outcome of cultural and linguistic clash helped to influence the coordination and adjustment of communication behaviours. Malaysian tour guides adopted humorous strategies to foster a friendly relationship so that the tours may run smoothly. It is hoped that this research will serve as reference to those involved in Japanese language education for tourism, besides serving as a guide to strengthen cross-cultural communications to the next level.
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Youssef, Awad Mohamed S. "Study of Request Strategies Employed By Libyan and Malay POSTGRADUATE Students at USM." International Journal of Learning and Development 2, no. 2 (April 14, 2012): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v2i2.1631.
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There has been considerable attention from the cross-cultural pragmatics literature towards the various strategies speakers use when performing the requesting speech act. Speech acts are often used when communicating verbally in either the first language or a second language. This paper presents a study into the similarities and differences in the request strategies by Malaysian and Libyan postgraduate students at USM. The study majorly uses information from existing literature on what other people have written on this topic. The study findings will give new insights to the directness and requesting behaviors within Libyan and Malaysian students and the challenges of cross-linguistic and cross-cultural communication. This study has cultural implications such as awareness of the request strategies used in one culture compared to another culture. This study tackles the ability of Libyan and Malay learners to apply requests in English. Furthermore, this study attempts to provide explanations for pragmatic errors that Libyan and Malay learners may perform. Keywords: Cross-Cultural, Strategies, Modifications, Linguistic.
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Nataraj, Sathees Kumar, M. P. Paulraj, Ahmad Nazri Bin Abdullah, and Sazali Bin Yaacob. "A systematic approach for segmenting voiced/unvoiced signals using fuzzy-logic system and general fusion of neural network models for phonemes-based speech recognition." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 39, no. 5 (November 19, 2020): 7411–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-200780.
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In this paper, a speech-to-text translation model has been developed for Malaysian speakers based on 41 classes of Phonemes. A simple data acquisition algorithm has been used to develop a MATLAB graphical user interface (GUI) for recording the isolated word speech signals from 35 non-native Malaysian speakers. The collected database consists of 86 words with 41 classes of phoneme based on Affricatives, Diphthongs, Fricatives, Liquid, Nasals, Semivowels and Glides, Stop and Vowels. The speech samples are preprocessed to eliminate the undesirable artifacts and the fuzzy voice classifier has been employed to classify the samples into voiced sequence and unvoiced sequence. The voiced sequences are divided into frame segments and for each frame, the Linear Predictive co-efficients features are obtained from the voiced sequence. Then the feature sets are formed by deriving the LPC features from all the extracted voiced sequences, and used for classification. The isolated words chosen based on the phonemes are associated with the extracted features to establish classification system input-output mapping. The data are then normalized and randomized to rearrange the values into definite range. The Multilayer Neural Network (MLNN) model has been developed with four combinations of input and hidden activation functions. The neural network models are trained with 60%, 70% and 80% of the total data samples. The neural network architecture was aimed at creating a robust model with 60%, 70%, and 80% of the feature set with 25 trials. The trained network model is validated by simulating the network with the remaining 40%, 30%, and 20% of the set. The reliability of trained network models were compared by measuring true-positive, false-negative, and network classification accuracy. The LPC features show better discrimination and the MLNN neural network models trained using the LPC spectral band features gives better recognition.
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Kuang Ching Hei. "The psychology of chinese behaviour as seen in spoken discourses." Cultural China in Discursive Transformation 21, no. 2 (July 5, 2011): 286–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.21.2.07kua.
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Chinese people can be found in most continents and history has shown that they migrate in the early days to seek better livelihoods. Of the many places they have set foot on, Malaya was one country which not only saw the marriage of Princess Hang Li Po of the Ming Dynasty to the sultan of Malacca in the 16th century but also the birth of mixed marriages between local Malays and Chinese who had come with the marriage entourage. Subsequently, others came to work as miners, actors, writers, bankers and various occupations. Malaysian Chinese are the descendants of these migrants. For some reason, literature often associate migrant Chinese with Confucian values like filial piety, respect for elders, benevolence and humility. To some extent this is probably true because Chinese children are taught these virtues through the way they should talk and behave with others. Nevertheless, times have changed. Young people today are exposed to more challenges, new cultures, new experiences and new opportunities. Directly or indirectly, these have an impact on their behaviour and how they talk. Yang Kuo-Shu (1986), Michael Harris Bond and Hwang Kwang-kuo (1986) look at various studies and models of Chinese Social Behaviour. Their findings indicate that the social behaviours of the Chinese have evolved over the years. Adding on to this is the contribution of this paper which discusses the behaviour of young male Malaysian Chinese speakers as shown through their speech. Using participant observation as an approach, spontaneous data of male children interacting with their elders were manually recorded and transcribed. Focussing on politeness, their utterances were then analysed based on the intended functions and the linguistic forms used. Analysis of data suggests that the speakers are direct and less reserved in their speech norms.
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David, Maya, and Prasannanshu Prasannanshu. "COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND ENDANGERED LANGUAGES." IARS' International Research Journal 11, no. 1 (February 8, 2021): 03–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.51611/iars.irj.v11i1.2021.148.
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This Special Issue of IARS International Research Journal contains eight articles which investigate diverse aspects of Endangered Languages and COVID-19. The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has redefined the way we live, work, and think. Consequently, it has become necessary for leaders, specialists, scholars, and academics of various fields to re-examine their positions and research objectives and methodologies in the context of this pandemic. The field of endangered languages is no different: It was soon realised that the effect of the pandemic on endangered languages is far reaching.
In many countries, government and non-government institutions and agencies have attempted to make information about the virus available in minority languages. Sebastian Drude (2020) in a Foundation of Endangered languages blog reports on the effort of Pakistani social activist Zubair Torwali, who worked with the provincial government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, to produce a series of information videos in a number of local languages and also of Malaysian Rusaslina Idrus who has co-ordinated teams of translators, medical specialists and native speakers to make Covid-19 information posters available in a number of Malaysian indigenous languages.
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Jeggy, Surjeet Singh. "Assessing the Writing Levels of Malaysian Armed Forces Officers Based on the ADFELPS Writing Scale." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 5, no. 3 (November 11, 2014): 844–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v5i3.3377.
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The Australian Defence Force English Language Profiling System (ADFELPS) is an English language proficiency rating system used to assess the English language skills of Malaysian candidates and to describe the levels of English required for target courses conducted by the Australian Defence Forces (ADF) and the New Zealand Defence Forces (NZDF). It covers all the four language skills i.e. Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking and it is graded from Level 1 to a maximum of Level 9 which is a native speakers proficiency. Currently, Malaysian officers have some difficulty getting a Level 7 and above for the ADFELPS Writing Scale. Although there are some officers who are at Level 7 or Level 8 at the other language skills, they have difficulty going from Level 6 to Level 7 for the Writing skill. An English language writing workshop was held at the Armed Forces Library over three days to improve the writing skills of Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF) Officers. The main aim of this course was to improve the writing skills for MAF officers especially for officers who are going for overseas courses where the minimum ADFELPS level is a Level 6. The course covered grammar, coherent and cohesive writing, analyzing a typical five paragraph essay, culminating in the students being given two essays and being graded at ADFELPS writing scales. The results show that there has been a deterioration of writing skills of MAF officers and some of the problems related to writing will be discussed in this paper.
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Arutchelvi K.Kumaran, Chong Geeng Ling, Evelyn Sharminnie Vasuthavan, Angeline Ranjethamoney Vijayarajoo, and Teoh Joo Tong. "Alternative Tool to Engage Learners in Comprehending Written Forms in Mandarin." Insight Journal 8 (April 7, 2021): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/ij.v8i0.99.
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In the Malaysian context, Mandarin is taught as a foreign language. Learning the written forms can be challenging, especially for non-native speakers. Furthermore, teachers found this component to be problematic, based on learners’ classroom written tasks. In order to assist learners’ comprehension of the written form, a board game called ‘Catch Me If You Can’ was developed. The focus of this study is to find out the effectiveness of the board game in learning the written forms. The study sample consisted of 20 respondents from a local University. Data comprised the responses from questionnaires and interviews. A pre and post test was administered to gauge students’ performance in the written tasks. The findings showed the respondents enjoyed learning the written forms in a fun and engaging way. Hence, this game can be used as complementary tool in the teaching and learning of written forms.
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Nowacka, Marta A. "Back to Orthoepia – Spelling in Pronunciation Instruction: “Words Commonly Mispronounced” by Learners of Six L1s." Research in Language 16, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 451–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rela-2018-0022.
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This is a continuation of Nowacka’s (2016) study on the importance of local and global errors and spelling in pronunciation instruction. Unlike in the previous research that focused on the performance of Polish learners only, respondents of six different nationalities are included, in search of some cross-national universals or absence of them. This study seeks to answer the following questions: whether there is a need to focus on spelling in a pronunciation course with learners representing six different L1s and if this is the case which graphophonemic / phonotactic rules of English should be explicitly taught to all of these learners and which ones might be L1 specific only. The intention is also to empirically confirm the existence of local errors in the performance of around 240 speakers and 50 more listeners, constituting 291 listeners of six nationalities (Kazakh, Malaysian, Polish, Turkish, Tajik and Ukrainian) and to confirm the usefulness of memorizing Sobkowiak’s (1996) ‘Words Commonly Mispronounced’ even for learners of different L1s.
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Sinnasamy, Janaki, and Noor Harun Abdul Karim. "A Correlational Study of Foreign Language Anxiety and Library Anxiety Among Non-native Speakers of English: A Case Study in a Malaysian Public University." Journal of Academic Librarianship 40, no. 5 (September 2014): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2014.07.010.
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Onn, Chan Teik. "A Comparison of Malaysian Ethnic and Political Stand-up Comedies’ Text Structures and Use of Politeness Strategies." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 7, no. 7 (December 1, 2018): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.7n.7p.182.
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This paper attempts to investigate and compare the text structures of ethnic and political Malaysian stand-up comedies and their use of politeness strategies to mitigate backlash. To this end, a mixed method approach was adopted where the structural properties were tabulated to determine the dominant structural patterns of the stand-up comedies. Additionally, a content analysis was used to examine the different politeness strategies used in both types of stand-up comedies. A sample of 17 ethnic jokes and 13 political jokes were analyzed using Hockett’s (1960) Internal Structure of Jokes and Brown and Levinson’s (1987) Politeness Strategies as frameworks of analyses. Results on the textual structures showed that although the two types of comedies employed the standard three part structures which are build-up, pivot and punch line. Build-ups were used more in ethnic jokes than political jokes. This could be due to the nature of ethnic stand-up comedy where comedians need to specify a target stereotype to prevent generalization. In terms of politeness strategies used off record strategy was the dominant strategy in both types of jokes, although political jokes over-relied on this strategy, which is 32.33 % in ethnic jokes and 56.66% in political jokes. It was also found that ethnic jokes, had a more diverse use of politeness strategies due to its different payoffs such as to mitigate backlash by showing hesitation with discourse markers and using word choices that showed a partial understanding to the aspects of a race that they were making fun of, unlike political jokes, which focused on ambiguity so as not to directly name the political figure in their jokes. In short, findings from this paper may serve as a valuable resource for not only aspiring comedians but also public speakers in presenting social criticism without risking backlash.
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Mustapha, M. H., H. Baharuddin, N. Zainudin, S. S. Ch’ng, H. Mohd Yusoof, I. S. Lau, M. Mohd Zain, and A. Rosman. "AB0932 FACTORS IN ACHIEVING TARGET SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS IN OUTPATIENT GOUT MANAGEMENT IN A MALAYSIAN TERTIARY RHEUMATOLOGY CENTRE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1766.2–1766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5823.
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Background:Gout is one of the most common inflammatory arthropathies. A target serum uric acid of less than 300µmol/l is recommended when tophi are present, and less than 360µmol/l for non-tophaceous gout. Urate-lowering therapy (ULT) should be titrated until the target is achieved and long-term maintenance of the target concentration is recommended. Although ULT has been proven to reduce the uric acid level, less than half of treated patients achieved the target serum uric acid (sUA) in real-world clinical practice.Objectives:To assess the mean treat-to-target achievement in outpatient management of gout by the tertiary rheumatology centre and to identify factors influencing the success rate.Methods:Retrospective cross-sectional study of all patients with gout attending out-patient clinics in a rheumatology referral centre from 1stJanuary 2018 until 31stDecember 2018. Electronic medical records were reviewed. The successful target achievement is defined as mean of all available sUA in 2018 which is ≤360 and ≤300µmol/l for non-tophaceous and tophaceous gout respectively. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as glomerular filtration rate of less than 60ml/min.Results:There were 251 patients analysed with mean age of 56.3±13.8 years and disease duration of 10.5±9.2 years. Majority were males (215, 85.7%) and 133 (53%) patients had tophaceous gout. The rate of success achieving the target SUA level of ≤360 and ≤300µmol/l were 33.9% (40) and 15.8% (21) in non-tophaceous and tophaceous gout respectively. However, in patients who are compliant, the target sUA achieved is 52.4% (33) and 31.7% (19) in non-tophaceous and tophaceous gout respectively. Characteristics of patients who achieved the targeted sUA were patients of more than 50 years old (48, 78.7%), without family history of gout (29, 65.9%), were prescribed colchicine prophylaxis upon initiating ULT (46, 76.7%), with absence of joint erosions (34, 73.9%) and those with normal creatinine clearance (40, 65.5%). There were 120 (48.4%) patients who were compliant to ULT. In 42 compliant patients who achieved target sUA, the mean allopurinol dose is 289.66mg±101.2 and 369.23mg±175 in non-tophaceous and tophaceous gout respectively. Sub-analysis in 31 compliant CKD patients, revealed no difference in allopurinol dose between those who achieved versus non-achieved target sUA (mean 243mg versus 263mg respectively). However, we noted that 11 (61%) CKD patients with tophi did not achieved target sUA at dose less than 300mg allopurinol. Lower achievement of target sUA was significantly associated with presence of tophi (p=0.001), poor compliance (p= 0.000) and presence of more than one comorbidity (p=0.041).Conclusion:There are several challenges in achieving target uric acid level contributed by both patient and clinician factors such as compliance, presence of comorbidity and ULT dose. Our study suggests that higher dosage of allopurinol is required in patients with tophaceous gout, with or without renal impairment. However, the limitation of this study is, the small number of subjects which therefore needsfurtherinvestigation.References:[1]Roddy, E., Packham, J., Obrenovic, K., Rivett, A., & Ledingham, J. M. (2018). Management of gout by UK rheumatologists: a British Society for Rheumatology national audit. Rheumatology, 57(5), 826–830.[2]Katayama A, Yokokawa H, Fukuda H, et al. Achievement of Target Serum Uric Acid Levels and Factors Associated with Therapeutic Failure among Japanese Men Treated for Hyperuricemia/Gout. Intern Med. 2019;58(9):1225–1231.Disclosure of Interests:Mariam Hamid Mustapha: None declared, Hazlyna Baharuddin Speakers bureau: Sanofi, J&J, Norliza Zainudin: None declared, Shereen Suyin Ch’ng Speakers bureau: Novartis, Pfizer, GSK, Habibah Mohd Yusoof: None declared, Ing Soo Lau: None declared, Mollyza Mohd Zain: None declared, Azmillah Rosman: None declared
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Raja, J., S. Muthusamy, and C. M. Ng. "AB0458 SURVIVAL OF SCLERODERMA PATIENTS WITH INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE: OBSERVATION DATA FROM A MALAYSIAN TERTIARY CENTRE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 1256.1–1256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3830.
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Background:Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the leading cause of death in scleroderma (SSc) with decline in FVC as a predictor of mortality in patients with SSc-ILD, especially in the early course of the disease.Objectives:The aim of this study is to determine the survival rate of SSc-ILD in a Malaysian cohort of patients from University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC).Methods:61 patients clinically diagnosed with SSc-ILD were identified and prospectively recruited. Baseline demographic data were collected. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the survival.Results:Females were predominant (56, 91.8%). 39 (64%) had limited cutaneous SSc. Majority were ethnicity Chinese 30 (49.2%), followed by Malays 20 (32.8%), Indians 7 (11.4%) and others 4 (6.6%). Mean age was 56.25 (SD ± 12.5) years while mean duration of disease (non-Raynaud’s disease onset) was 10.5 years (SD ± 9.2) (range of 1 year to 44 years) years. 29 (47.5%) patients were positive for anti-ScL-70, whereas 6 (9.8%) patients were anti-centromere positive. There were 16 (26.2%) deaths. Median survival was 24 years. Patients had a sharper drop in survival probability for the first 10 years compared to the next 20 years (Figure 1). Median survival in limited subset was 24 years whereas in diffuse subset was 11 years. Patients from the limited subset appeared to have higher chance of surviving for 10 years and above, compared to those in the diffuse subset (Figure 2).Conclusion:The results demonstrate the poor survival in SSc-ILD patients. The survival rate tends to be worse in the first 10 years of SSc disease duration. Survival rate was poorer in patients with diffuse cutaneous subset.References:[1]Parelas A et al. Lancet Resp Med 2020[2]Goh NS et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008Disclosure of Interests:JASMIN RAJA Speakers bureau: For Boehringer Ingelheim for topic on Scleroderma-ILD, Grant/research support from: From Boehringer Ingelheim for scleroderma research, Shantini Muthusamy: None declared., CHOUNG MIN NG: None declared.
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Loo, W. Y., F. Yahya, W. H. Han, N. A. A. Fahem, S. S. Yong, L. S. L. Pok, Z. Kwan, and Y. C. Tee. "POS1075 PREDICTIVE FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DEVELOPMENT OF PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS IN PATIENTS WITH UNDERLYING PSORIASIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 816.2–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2792.
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Background:Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory condition in which a delayed diagnosis will have health impacts including physical and psychological aspects. Thus, identification of risk factors and early diagnosis are crucial in clinical practice. In Malaysia, 13.7% of patients with underlying psoriasis develop PsA 1. However, there are limited data on the risk factors in developing PsA in these patients, not just in Malaysia but also in the Southeast Asia region.Objectives:To analyse sex, clinical features, comorbidities in patients with psoriasis and PsA, and the predictive factors of developing PsA in patients with underlying psoriasis.Methods:A retrospective study was carried out involving patients with a physician-verified diagnosis of psoriasis who were attending the dermatology and/or rheumatology clinics at the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur between 2015 to 2020. Data were retrieved from electronic medical records. Data collected included sex, age, body mass index (BMI), duration of psoriasis, socio-demographics, comorbidities, body area affected, severity of skin involvement, presence of nail involvement and systemic therapy used in treating psoriasis. Systemic therapy is defined as methotrexate, sulfasalazine and/or acitretin used before diagnosis of PsA. Patients with psoriasis who developed PsA had information collected on tender joint count, swollen joint count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) at their initial visit to the rheumatologist. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the possible risk factors of developing PsA.Results:A total of 330 psoriasis patients which included 54.5% male and a mean age of 53 (standard deviation, SD 18.85) years were included. Eighty-three (25.0%) patients were diagnosed with PsA. Among patients with PsA, 39.8% were males with a mean age of 54 (SD 15.79) years. Majority of the PsA patients were ethnic Malay (45.8%), followed by 28.9% Chinese and 25.3% Indian. The median duration of developing PsA was at 36 (IQR 3.5 - 114) months after the diagnosis of psoriasis. 12.3% presented with active polyarthritis at the initial diagnosis of PsA. There was a significant difference in the use of systemic therapy in females, in which there was a higher rate of systemic therapy used in female PsA patients prior to developing PsA as compared to females with psoriasis who did not develop PsA (n=24, 48% vs n=16, 16%; p < 0.001). There was no significant association between ethnicity, education level, comorbidities, BMI, body area affected and family history of psoriasis with development of PsA. The predictive factors in developing PsA are females (OR = 3.14, 95% CI 1.77,5.58), presence of nail involvement (OR = 3.72, 95% CI 1.91,7.26) and the use of systemic therapy (OR = 3.04, 95% CI 1.70,5.43), (all p values <0.001).Conclusion:This study highlighted that female sex, presence of nail involvement and use of systemic therapy prior to PsA diagnosis are predictive risk factors in developing PsA among patients with underlying psoriasis. Further prospective studies with larger cohorts are needed to better delineate these risk factors.References:[1]Mohd Affandi A, Khan I, Ngah Saaya N. Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Adult Patients with Psoriasis in Malaysia: 10-Year Review from the Malaysian Psoriasis Registry (2007-2016). Dermatology research and practice. 2018;2018:4371471.Figure 1.Comorbidities among Patients with underlying Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (n=330)Chi-square test revealed that there was no significant difference between psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (p > 0.05)Disclosure of Interests:WAI YANG LOO: None declared, FARIZ YAHYA Speakers bureau: speaker for Novartis, Gilead, AbbVie, Janssen, Eli Lilly, Zuellig-Pharma and Pfizer., Consultant of: consultancy work with Novartis, Gilead, AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Zuellig-Pharma and Pfizer., Grant/research support from: research grants from Novartis, Gilead, AbbVie, Boehringer-Ingelheim and Pfizer., WINN HUI HAN: None declared, NIK AIMEE AZIZAH FAHEM: None declared, SHIN SHEN YONG: None declared, Lydia Say Lee Pok: None declared, Zhenli Kwan Speakers bureau: Novartis, Zuellig, YING CHEW TEE: None declared.
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Shaharir, S. S., M. S. Mohamed Said, S. Rajalingham, H. Mahadzir, R. Mustafar, and A. Abdul Wahab. "THU0283 DISTINCT CLINICAL FEATURES OF LATE–ONSET SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AMONG MALAYSIAN MULTI-ETHNIC COHORT." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 368.2–369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.272.
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Background:Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) commonly affects young women in their reproductive age group. However, there is an increase prevalence of late-onset SLE, parallel to the higher life expectancies among general populations worldwide. It has been reported that up to 25% SLE populations have a later onset of disease and their disease expression and course may be different.Objectives:To determine the clinical features and outcomes of late-onset SLE patients in a multi-ethnic Malaysian cohort.Methods:Medical records of SLE patients who attended regular follow-up clinics in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) from 2011 until June 2019 were reviewed. Late-onset SLE was defined as the onset of SLE symptoms or diagnosis after the age of 50 years old. Information on their socio-demographics and disease characteristics were obtained from the clinical records. Disease damage was assessed using the SLICC/ACR (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology) Damage Index (SDI) scores. The disease characteristics and autoantibody profiles were compared between late-onset and younger onset patients. Damage accrual at disease onset and at 5 years was obtained and compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 429 patients were included and majority of them were Malays (n= 225, 52.4%) followed by Chinese (n=180, 42), Indian (n=21, 4.9%) and others (n=3,0.7%). This multi-ethnic SLE cohort was consisted of predominantyly female patients (n=372,86.7%) with disease duration of 9.9 years ± 6.8 years. A total of 13.8% (n=59) had late onset SLE with mean onset of disease at 58.1 ± 6.3 years while younger group was 27.2 ± 9.4 years. The commonest system involvement among the late-onset group was haematological manifestation (69.5%).Compared to the younger-onset SLE, late-onset SLE occurred significantly higher among the Chinese (66.1%) as compared to Malay (32.3%), Indians and other ethnics (1.7%), p<0.01. Patients with late-onset SLE also had significantly less musculoskeletal (37.3% vs 62.4%) and renal (23.7% vs 71.1%), p<0.001 and tend to have less muco-cutanoues manifestations (28.8 vs 42.4%, p=0.06). Meanwhile, pulmonary involvement was more common among the late onset SLE patients (11.9% vs 0.8%, p<0.001). Extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) results were available in 197 patients and patients with late-onset SLE had significantly higher rate of anti-RO positive (63% vs 3.9%), p=0.01. Otherwise, no significant difference in the other autoantibodies expressions including anti-La, anti-Sm, anti-RNP, anti-ribosomal P and anti-phospholipid antibodies. Patients with late-onset SLE tend to have more damage accrual at 5 years as compared to the younger age group (p=0.07). The mortality in the late onset group was 13.6% (n=8) as compared to 2.7% (n=10) in the younger age group, p=0.01. Majority of the cause of death in the later onset SLE was infection (87.5%) while in the younger age group was infection and active disease (90%).Conclusion:Late onset SLE occurs more commonly among Chinese ethnics in Malaysia and Malaysian SLE patients with late onset of the disease have distinct clinical manifestations. Damage accrual at 5 years tend to be higher in the late-onset group and the mortality is significantly higher with the major cause of death is infection. The different disease expression and outcome in late onset SLE suggest different factors in influencing the disease course and hence further studies including their genetic profiles are warranted.References:[1]Paula I. Burgos; Graciela S. Alarcón. Late-onset Lupus: Facts and Fiction. Future Rheumatol. 2008;3(4):351-356.[2]S Stefanidou, C Gerodimos, A Benos et al. Clinical expression and course in patients with late onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Hippokratia. 2013; 17(2): 153–156.Acknowledgments:This research was supported by the “Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2018/SKK02/UKM/03/1)” by Ministry of Education MalaysiaDisclosure of Interests:Syahrul Sazliyana Shaharir: None declared, Mohd Shahrir Mohamed Said: None declared, Sakthiswary Rajalingham Speakers bureau: Pfizer (500USD), Hazlina Mahadzir: None declared, Ruslinda Mustafar: None declared, Asrul Abdul Wahab: None declared
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Khairullah, Shasha, and Sanjiv Mahadeva. "Translation, adaptation and validation of two versions of the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire in Malaysian patients for speakers of both English and Malay languages: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 7, no. 5 (May 2017): e013873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013873.
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Ismail, Ashraf, Nurul Hudaa Hassan, Akhdiat Abd Malek, and Abur Hamdi Usman. "MEMORIZING AND UNDERSTANDING THE QUR’AN IN ARABIC LANGUAGE AMONG MALAYSIAN STUDENTS OF THE AL-AZHAR INSTITUTE OF QIRAAT SHOBRA, EGYPT." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 4 (September 5, 2019): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7428.
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Purpose of the study: The objective of the study was to analyze the perceptions of tahfiz students in understanding the meaning of the verses and their knowledge of the Arabic language syntax and morphology in memorizing the Qur’an.
Design/methodology/approach: For this article, the study sample is comprised of 30 tahfiz students at the Azhar Institute of Qiraat in Shobra, Cairo, Egypt. They were chosen as a minimum sample of 30 population tahfiz students who had followed an Arabic Course in Malaysia. The survey method uses a Likert scale-based questionnaire which measures the levels of understanding among tahfiz students, which includes the overall mastery of Qur’anic understanding and the structure of the Arabic language’s syntax and morphology. The data were then analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics to identify the mean values of each item.
Findings: The results of this study reveal that the level of understanding of Arabic grammar and morphology of the Qur’an amongst tahfiz students is high.
Research Implications: This study recommends to explore the possibility of establishing a curriculum framework that gives provision for the Arabic language to be mastered by students in tahfiz institutions. Once this curriculum is implemented, the tasks of Qur’anic educators will be made easier.
Social Implications: The study throws light on the integrated approach in memorizing the Qur'an will produce tahfiz students who are able to master the memorization effectively.
Originality/Value: Only a very few have examined the proficiency of the Arabic language and its function to the ḥuffaz in memorizing the Qur'an effectively. Most of the issues often faced by ḥuffaz who are non-native Arabic speakers are closely related to their mastery, or lack thereof, of the Arabic language. Since memorizing the Qur’an involves proper understanding of the purpose and structure of the language, there is a need to carry out a study concerning the same.
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Lubis, Indri Harmaili. "MAINTAINABILITY OF BAHASA MALAYSIA BY MALAYSIAN STUDENTS IN MEDAN." Jurnal Darma Agung 28, no. 2 (August 2, 2020): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.46930/ojsuda.v28i2.636.
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The background of this research was how Malaysian students maintain their Malaysian language in Medan even when they were far from their language domain. When a certain language speaker moved to other area which use different language and interact with them, they tend to adopt that new language. The objectives of this study wire to find what factors that induce maintainability of Malaysian language by Malaysian students in Medan, and how is the maintainability of Malaysian language realized by Malaysian students in Medan and also why the maintainability of Malaysian language is the way it does. This research used descriptive research by giving the Malaysian students a questionnaire and interviewing them. There were 21 Malaysian students as informants, 16 men and 5 women. It was found that the maintainability happened because Malaysian students were living in group, so they still use Malaysian language regularly. Even when they were far from Malaysian language domain, they still accessed Malaysian language media such as music, news, TV, radio etc regularly and still active in chatting application with their friends who are still living in Malaysia and use Malaysian language. They realized they maintainability of Malaysian language by joining Malaysian community, where many Malaysian students gather and speak in Malay, they also have good language attitude towards Malaysian language. Those happened because when they lived in a foreign environment they tried to find other Malaysian students to fell like home. That makes them living together with other Malaysian students in group.
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Carstens, Sharon, and Lay Hoon Ang. "Conversational Code Switching." Asian Journal of Social Science 47, no. 4-5 (November 19, 2019): 508–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-04704005.
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Abstract The mixing of three or more languages in casual conversations, a hallmark of Chinese Malaysian informal speech, expresses a range of sociological and ideological meanings in the ongoing construction of Chinese Malaysian heteroglossic identities. While code-switching patterns sometimes mark different speaker positions, they also express broader language identities and ideologies that transcend individual conversations. This is especially clear when analysing the relative frequency and semantic domains of single lexeme mixing, where English is mostly used for consumer culture, Malay for place names and personal names, and Chinese topolects for expressing emotion. Detailed analysis of 12 adult conversations recorded in natural settings in diverse regions of Malaysia is corroborated by language attitudes expressed in focus groups, Facebook posts, and informal conversations and interviews, revealing the diverse and sometimes contending language ideologies linked to specific languages in the Chinese Malaysian setting.
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Bin Zakaria, Abd Wahab. "النّحو العربيّ الأساسيّ التطبيقيّ الميسّر: دراسة وصفيَّة تطبيقيّ / The Basic Simplified Arabic Applied Syntax: A Descriptive and Applied Study." مجلة الدراسات اللغوية والأدبية (Journal of Linguistic and Literary Studies) 9, no. 1 (April 29, 2018): 80–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/jlls.v9i1.612.
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ملخص البحث:
يواجه طلبة المدارس الماليزيّة، وخاصةً طلبة التعليم الأساسيّ صعوبات عديدة عند تعلمهم النّحو العربيّ وقواعده، ولمعالجة هذه المشكلة تأتي هذه بصورة ميسرة لطلبة التعليم الأساسيّ، وذلك باتباع استراتيجيات تنفيذ دروس القواعد النحويّة بطريقة إجرائيّة بسيطة. يتبع هذا البحث المنهج الوصفي النظري، مع المنهج الكيفي؛ سيتم إعداد وحدات تطبيقية تهتم بعرض القواعد الأساسيّة لتقويم اللسان وتحقيق سلامة النطق الإعرابي الذي يعمل على توصيل المعاني توصيلاً يكشف عن مقاصد المتكلمين، ويأتي هذا البحث في قِسمين: القِسم الأوّل هو الإطار النظري لهذا المقرر، والإطار التطبيقيّ، ويكون بإعداد وحدات تعليميّة نحوية بما تحتويه من استراتيجيات وطرائق تدريس مقترحة لتنفيذ دروس قواعد النّحو العربيّ الأساسيّ التطبيقيّ بصورة ميسرة وواضحة. توصل البحث إلى عدة نتائج من أهمها ما يأتي: إن النّحو العربي للماليزيين يجب أنْ يُدرس في إطار وظائفيّ؛ ويجب أن يقدّم لهم بطريقة ميسرة لكي يسهم في إيضاح المعاني الوظيفيّة للمفردات وللتراكيب الأسلوبيّة التي يتعرضون لها في مواد الدّراسات الشرعيّة والقرآنيّة.
الكلمات المفتاحية: النحو العربي – التطبيقية- الميسر- التعليم - التعلم.
Abstract
Students of Malaysian schools, particularly at basic education, face a lot of challenges whilst learning the Arabic syntax and its grammar. In order to get over this drawback, this framed study comes as a result to teach the basic Arabic applied grammatical rules in a simplified way to students of basic education. This is carried out through following strategies of conducting syntactic and grammatical classes in a simple procedural way. This research follows the theoretical descriptive approach alongside the qualitative approach. That is, applied units will be prepared and they are concerned with the basic rules of correct articulation of tongue and achieving correctness of parsing pronunciation which conveys meanings in a way that uncovers the speakers’ intentions. This research falls into two sections: the first section contains the theoretical framework of the material and this includes an overview of the material contents, educational strategies necessary to teach the basic syntactic Arabic rules and simplification applied methods in a simplified way. The second section is the applied framework which is concerned with carrying out syntactic educational units including strategies and suggested teaching methodologies to conduct classes of the basic syntactic Arabic applied rules in a clear and simplified way. The study deduced several results. Some of which are: the Arabic syntax should be taught to Malaysians on function- based framework and it should be presented to them in a simplified way so as to contribute to clarify functional meanings of vocabularies and stylistic constructions which Malaysians are exposed to in religious- based courses.
Keywords: Arabic Syntax, Simplification, Applied, Teaching and Learning.
Abstrak
Para pelajar sekola-sekolah di Malaysia khususnya pelajar-pelajar pengajian asas menghadapi kesukaran dalam mempelajari tatabahasa Bahasa Arab serta kaedah-kaedahnya. Untuk itu,Kajian ini cuba menangani masalah ini dengan memamparkan pengajaran tatabahasa secara praktikal yang mudah bagi pembelajaran asas dengan mengikut strategi-strategi perlaksanaan pelajaran tatabahasa dengan cara yang lebih mudah.Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan teori deskriptif dan kualitatif dengan menyediakan unit-unit latihan yang menjurus kepada penyediaan kaedah-kaedah asas dalam proses pembentukan lisan dan memastikan sebutan tatabahasa yang betul seterusnya membawa kepada maksud yang dikehendaki para penutur.Kajian ini terbahagi kepada dua bahagian; teori yang membicarakan tentang pengenalan akan kandungan-kandungan kursus, strategi-strategi pendidikan yang sesuai dalam pengajaran tatabahasa Bahasa Arab serta cara-cara praktikal yang mudah.kedua: praktikal yang memaparkan cadangan unit-unit pembelajaran tatabahasa yang mengandungi stratedi-strategi serta cara-cara pengajaran bagi melaksanakan pembelajaran tatabahasa Bahasa Arab dengan lebih mudah lagi jelas.Kesimpulannya pengkaji membuat keputusan bahawa Tatabahasa Bahasa Arab bagi pelajar-pelajar Malaysia perlu diajar dalam bentuk rangka kerja dengan cara ynag mudah yang dapat membantu memastikan maksud rangka kerja bagi setiap perkataan dan susunan ayat yang mereka dapati dalam subjek-subjek pengajian syariah.
Kata kunci: Tatabahasa Bahasa Arab - praktikal – mudah – pengajaran dan pembelajaran.
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Ooi Yee Hui, Deborah, Syaheerah Lebai Lutfi, Ahmad Sufril Azlan Mohamed, and Zahid Akhtar. "Towards Modelling Trust in Voice at Zero Acquaintance." International Journal of Innovation in Enterprise System 3, no. 02 (July 31, 2019): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.25124/ijies.v3i02.41.
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Trust is essential in many human relationships, especially where there is an element of inter-dependency. However, humans tend to make quick judgements about trusting other individuals, even those met at zero acquaintance. Past studies have shown the significance of voice in perceived trustworthiness, but research associating trustworthiness and different vocal features such as speech rate and fundamental frequency (f0) has yet to yield consistent results. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to investigate 1) the association between trustworthiness and different vocal features, 2) the vocal characteristics that Malaysian ethnic groups base their judgement of trustworthiness on and 3) building a neural network model that predicts the degree of trustworthiness in a human voice. In the method proposed, a reliable set of audio clips will be obtained and analyzed with SoundGen to determine the acoustical characteristics. Then the audio clips will be distributed to a large group of untrained respondents to rate their degree of trust in the speakers of each audio clip. The participants will be able to choose from 30 sets of audio clips which will consist of 6 audio clips each. The acoustic characteristics will be analyzed and com-pared with the ratings to determine if there are any correlations between the acoustic characteristic and the trustworthiness ratings. After that, a neural network model will be built based on the collected data. The neural network model will be able to predict the trustworthiness of a person’s voice.
Keywords—prosody, trust, voice, vocal cues, zero acquaintance.
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Abraham, Alison. "Action researching power in an ESL and academic writing classroom." Qualitative Research Journal 15, no. 2 (May 5, 2015): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-12-2014-0068.
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Purpose – The teaching of English and academic writing in universities has largely been explored in western higher education settings by native English speakers from the UK, USA or Anglo-countries. The purpose of this paper is to use action research as a methodology to unravel local complexities in power relations within and beyond her ESL academic writing classroom, in a British Malaysian university setting. Design/methodology/approach – Power relations are examined in conjunction with the lens of Academic Literacies as a theory to think about teaching academic writing. The author’s action research cycles allow her to gain an insider perspective on her students’ academic writing and learning problems. Findings – Through the use of stories collected from diaries, interviews and letters, the author is able to make sense of their learning experiences in a way that connects the individual with the social. Research limitations/implications – Although time-consuming, the action research cycles helped the author to gauge what does or does not work in the classroom and how she can best improve her practice and the students learning, once she reflected on the findings. However, given the oppressive nature of hierarchical institutions that can deter the raising of issues, the limits of action research in making more widespread changes to teaching and English language usage in a former colony’s institution are explored. Originality/value – It appears that the internal power relations between teacher and student can alter somewhat, although not massively, within the confines of one classroom, but there is less potential for effecting broader institutional change from the positioning of one junior lecturer.
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Soderberg, Craig D. "Cocos Malay." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 44, no. 1 (March 21, 2014): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100313000364.
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Cocos Malay, hereafter called Cocos, is referred to in the Ethnologue with the ISO code of ‘coa’. The Ethnologue considers Cocos to be a Malay-based Creole along with several other Malay-based creoles (Lewis 2009). Cocos is spoken in Australia and in Malaysia. In Australia, it is spoken on the islands of Cocos and Christmas with a total combined population of about 700 speakers on those two islands. In Malaysia, Cocos speakers are found primarily in the eastern and southeastern coastal districts of Sabah (Kunak, Semporna, Lahad Datu and Tawau). In early 2013, the Ethnologue listed the population of Cocos speakers in Malaysia as 4,000 and decreasing. The Ethnologue also stated that the total number of Cocos speakers in all places around the world is 5,000. However, both of these statements in the Ethnologue are not correct. The Cocos population in Malaysia is increasing, not decreasing, and the total worldwide population of Cocos speakers is much larger than the Ethnologue estimate. The 1970 population estimate for Cocos speakers in Malaysia was 2,731 (Moody 1984: 93, 100). But the 2012 population estimate for Cocos speakers worldwide is 22,400, with most Cocos speakers living in Sabah, Malaysia. Our study focused exclusively on Cocos speakers in Malaysia. Some Cocos speakers interviewed in our study claimed that their ancestors originated from the island of Cocos (also known as Keeling), southwest of Sumatra in the Indian Ocean. Others claimed that their ancestors originally inhabited the Indonesian islands of the Malay Archipelaɡo and subsequently migrated to Cocos Island and then to Sabah. Two historical accounts of the Cocos can be found in Nanis (2011) and Subiah, Rabika & Kabul (1981).
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Nawang, Nazli Ismail, Mohd Lotpi Mohd Yusob, and Aminuddin Mustaffa. "Anonymous Online Offenders – Presumption of Innocence or Presumption of Guilt? A Comparative Analysis between the Evidence Act 1950 and the Islamic Criminal Law." Jurnal Islam dan Masyarakat Kontemporari 19 (September 11, 2018): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2018.19.0.282.
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Anonymity is perhaps the most valued feature of the Internet as its users are able to conceal their true identities or assume pseudonyms in the cyber world. Anonymity may be good for freedom of speech as any speakers could freely express their thoughts without the fear of being identified (though not impossible). Unfortunately, anonymity poses great challenges to law enforcement agencies as they would face difficulty in tracing cyber offenders. For that reason, the Malaysian Parliament has passed a new section 114A of the Evidence Act 1950 that has the effect of shifting the burden of proof on the alleged offenders to prove his innocence. This provision seems to be in contrast with the legal maxim of ‘semper necessitas probandi incumbit ei qui agit’ which means ‘he who asserts must prove’. This same principle has also been adopted in Islamic criminal law as the Islamic legal maxim has explicitly stated that ‘the onus of proof is upon the claimant, and the taking of an oath is upon him who denies’. As such, this paper attempts to scrutinise the approach that has been adopted by judges in interpreting and applying this new law. Further, a comparative analysis with Islamic criminal law will be made in order to ascertain whether such principle could be applied in certain cases since cyber criminals are hardly traceable or identifiable. The study is largely based on doctrinal research as it is primarily concerned with the review of relevant decided cases and statutory provisions as well as text books, journal articles and seminar papers. To sum up, it is submitted that the new law does not amount to an automatic presumption of guilt as the prosecutors are still required to prove the existence of relevant basic facts before the accused is mandated to prove his innocence.
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Ismail, Sha'ban Muftah. "Islam and Its Worldview." American Journal of Islam and Society 10, no. 4 (January 1, 1993): 573–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v10i4.2485.
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This seminar, sponsored jointly by the Institute of Islamic Understanding,Malaysia, and the Malaysian-American Com.mission of EducationalExchange, consisted of four sessions and the presentation of sevenreseareh papers. Mohammad Kamal Hassan (Internatio Islamic University,Malaysia) spoke on the Islamic worldview, which he stated is "theisticand ethical" and in sharp contrast to secularism and atheism. Topicsdiscussed included how the Qur'an fulfills the human urge to have avision of divine reality by personifying God's attributes, how "MotherNature" could not have created itself, God's creation of the universe andnature's as well as humanity's purpose and role (i.e., vicegerency), andthe requirements and expectations of God as regards humanity's controlover nature. The speaker concluded with a reminder that humanity is subjectto perpetual tests as regards the use of God-given bounties and resourcesand that collapse can be the result of upsetting the balance andharmony instituted by God in natw and life ...
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Suryono, Suryono, Yani Istadi, Rahmawati S. Praptiningsih, Hudan Taufiq, Sukijan Athoillah, and Widiyanto Widiyanto. "Global Halal Center - Unissula mengabdi untuk menyelamatkan umat melalui penyusunan istrumen Muslim Friendly." Indonesian Journal of Community Services 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/ijocs.1.1.1-15.
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AbstrakIndonesia adalah negara dengan mayoritas penduduk beragama Islam, dengan jumlah lebih dari 87 % total penduduknya. Jumlah yang tidak kecil ini merupakan sasaran yang harus diselamatkan dari fasilitas pelayanan barang dan jasa yang merugikan dari sisi peribadatan mereka. Memberikan jaminan aman dari sisi penyedia jasa adalah langkah yang akan ditempuh oleh pusat studi Global Halal Center-UNISSULA(PS GHCU), melalui upaya penciptaan instrumen Muslim Friendly berbagai sektor jasa. Tujuan dari aktifitas yang dilakukan oleh GHCU adalah membuat instrumen yang bisa digunakan untuk mengkualifikasikan tingkat keamanan menurut nilai-nilai Islam (Muslim Friendly) dari suatu unit/lembaga yang memberikan pelayanan jasa pada konsumen/pelanggan muslim, dalam kategori pratama, utama dan paripurna. Proses penyusunan dilakukan melalui kegiatan seminar dan workshop yang mengikutkan peserta masyarakat umum, akademisi dan mahasiswa dengan narasumber dari Majelis Ulama Indonesia, Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal, Institute Pengkajian Halal Malaysia, dan Majelis Upaya Kesehatan Syariah Indonesia. Hasil dari aktivitas kegiatan ini adalah lima instrumen pokok dalam sektor jasa yang meliputi Muslim Friendly for Dental Clinic Rating System, Muslim Friendly for Pharmacy Rating System, Muslim Friendly for Aesthetic Clinic Rating System, Muslim Friendly for Microfinance Rating System, dan Muslim Friendly for Slaughterhouse Rating System.Kata kunci: Apotek; keuangan mikro; klinik; Muslim Friendly; pemotongan hewanAbstractIndonesia is a country with a majority of the population of Islam, with more than 87% of the total population. This population must be saved from the service facilities of goods and services that harm their worship. Providing safe guarantees from the service provider side is a step that will be taken by the Global Halal Center-UNISSULA (PS GHCU) study center, through efforts to create a "Muslim Friendly " instrument in various service sectors. The purpose of the activities carried out by GHCU is to create instruments that can be used to qualify the level of security according to Muslim Friendly values of a unit / institution that provides services to Muslim consumers / customers, in the pre-primary, primary and plenary categories. The drafting process was carried out through seminars and Workshops that included general public participants, academics and students with speakers from the Indonesian Ulema Council, Halal Product Guarantee Organizing Agency, Malaysian Halal Assessment Institute, and Indonesian Sharia Health Effort Assembly. The results of these activities are the five main instruments in the service sector which include Muslim Friendly for Dental Clinic Rating System, Muslim Friendly Pharmacy Rating System, Muslim Friendly for Aesthetic Clinic Rating System, Muslim Friendly for Microfinance Rating System, and Muslim Friendly for Slaughterhouse Rating System.Keywords: Pharmacy; microfinance; clinics; Muslim Friendly; animal slaughter