Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Maladie de Parkinson – Psychologie'
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Delgadillo, Iniguez Luis Daniel. "Troubles de la Motivation et Maladies Neurovégétatives : l'Apathie dans la maladie de Parkinson et la Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique." Montpellier 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON30042.
Full textApathy is a motivation disorder that has an important influence in the emotional domain. Studies published concerning the relationship between apathy and cognitive and emotional disorders are not exhaustive. No comparisons have been established according to the different kinds of neurological diseases. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the heterogeneity of the apathetic syndrome and it’s mechanisms in different progressive neurological diseases (Parkinson’s disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and to analyze the relationship between apathy and cognitive and emotional disturbances. We also studied the motivation disturbances using a new scale developed by Derouesné et al. (2004) that allowed a qualitative analysis of motivation. The results agree with previous studies and showed the heterogeneity of apathy in the two studies diseases. This heterogeneity is explained by the relationship of the apathy with the emotional data but not by the cognitive data. The qualitative analysis of the motivation allowed a better understanding of the apathy mechanisms and showed that patients with Parkinson’s disease attribute their reduction of activity to a real lack of motivation and ALS patients to the motor handicap induced by the disease
Evrard, Christelle. "L'importun, c'est la rose ? : Contribution à l'étude des intrusions mnésiques dans le cadre du vieillissement normal et pathologique." Nantes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NANT3035.
Full textNadeau, Dominic. "Portrait des habitudes de jeu de patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26872.
Full textThe risk of developing a gambling disorder in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is increasingly documented. A type of drug that control motor symptoms, the dopamine agonist, is one of the main factors related to the development of this disorder. Through a narrative synthesis presented in chapter 3, the neurobiological mechanisms and other related factors are discussed. However, an important finding is clear: the study of gambling habits of these patients is virtually absent. This is surprising since the gambling literature is packed with information to consider in the development of this disorder, such as type of game played, amounts spent, reasons to play and the presence of relatives. The second article aims to address this deficiency by establishing a portrait of their gambling habits. Twenty-five people with PD were recruited and among these, fifteen have gambled in the last six months. The review of their gambling habit reveals that favorite games are lottery and slot machine and they mostly started playing these games before the diagnosis of PD. They are less interested in playing slot machines compared to a sample of players aged over 55 but, in return, this game is the one to which the largest amounts were spent in participants who reported having developed a gambling problem. Participants reported gambling for fun or to make money, but several reasons related to their disease have been identified. These patients did not seek help of caregivers to assist them in the practice of their favorite game. Moreover, these caregivers revealed their ignorance of the participant’s gambling habits. Among all participants met, three of them were at risk gamblers. In addition to playing slot machines, erroneous beliefs and specific motivations to gamble were found among these. The reflection from these results will stimulate research in the study of the psychosocial variables related to the development of gambling problems in these patients.
Bocquillon, Perrine. "Approche psycho-physiologique des troubles attentionnels dans la maladie de Parkinson." Thesis, Lille 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL2S009.
Full textParkinson’s disease (PD) is a frequent neurodegenerative disease which is responsible for striatal dopaminergic depletion. PD patients present an early cognitive impairment, particularly attentional disorders. The origin of this impairment is still debated. It could result from a reduced allocation of attentional resources to the ongoing task (“top-down” process (TD)) or a defective inhibition of irrelevant events (failure of “bottom-up” filtering process (BU). Investigation of attentional processes mostly rely on behavioral analysis, but the study of the N200 and P300 components of the cognitive event-related potentials (ERPs) may be of interest. P300 can be divided into two subcomponents: (1) P3a, which occurs preferentially after distracter stimuli and is associated with BU processes; (2) P3b, related to target detection and associated with TD mechanisms. The N200 also comprises two main components: an anterior “no-go-N2", involved in mismatch detection and inhibition mechanisms, and a posterior “go-N2”, related to target categorization processes. Most of previous studies in PD have shown a longer latency and reduced amplitude of N200 and P300. To the best of our knowledge, modulation of their generators in PD has never been investigated. The main aim of this work was to improve our knowledge of the mechanisms of attention disorders in PD. If the attentional impairment in PD results from a failure of TD processes, this would result in modifications of the networks underlying the P3b and/or the posterior N2 during target detection. Alternatively, if this disorder is consecutive to a failure of BU processes, this would lead to difficulty in resisting interference from distracter stimuli and would change the characteristics of the P3a and/or anterior N200. ERPs were recorded in 15 young healthy subjects with high resolution electroencephalography during a three stimuli oddball paradigm in order to localize N200 and P300 generators in healthy subjects. Then, they were recorded with the same procedure in 15 patients with PD and 15 matched healthy controls. Group comparisons of the ERPs latency and amplitude were performed with analyses of variance. Generators of the ERPs components were identified for each subject and in each condition with a distributed source localization method, swLORETA (standardized weighted low resolution tomography). Group analyses of swLORETA solutions were performed with SPM® for the P300 subcomponents and with a permutation method for the N200. In young healthy controls, we showed an involvement of the dorsal frontoparietal (DFP) network in both P3a and P3b generation, while the ventral frontoparietal network was specific to target processing. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) that interacts with the frontoparietal networks, had a preponderant role in N200 generation. Other areas, namely the precuneus and the posterior cingulate cortex, which are connected to the ACC, are specific generators of some of the N200 subcomponents. In PD, a reduction of distracter-elicited P300 generators was found in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPF), which is part of the DFP network, accordingly with an increased commission rate for distracter stimuli. These results suggest a failure of BU processes in PD. A reduced number of N200 generators was also displayed in both DLPF and ACC whatever the stimulus. This suggests a dysfunction of both the DLPF and the ACC at an early stage of attentional processes in PD, while only distracter processing was later impaired, in relation with a DLPF dysfunction. These abnormalities probably result from disturbances of the basocortical loops that link the associative striatum to the DLPF and ACC. This would then produce a sustainable alteration of cognitive control and BU processes, responsible for abnormal mismatch detection and inhibition of irrelevant stimuli, which would underlie the selective attention impairment in PD
Robert, Gabriel. "Apathie et émotions : corrélats cliniques et métaboliques dans la maladie de Parkinson et la Schizophrénie." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1B011.
Full textApathy metabolic bases and its correlations with emotional recognition remain unknown whereas both have been described in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and schizophrenia. We highlight apathy metabolic bases within 45 PD patients (without dementia and depression) with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Reults show that ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), the the precuneus and cerebellum are involved. Cognitive dimension show the same pattern. The emotional dimension show that the Premotor Cortex (PMC), the dorso- lateral PFC, posterior cingulate (PC) and superior temporal sulcus are involved. The behavioural dimension do not rely on specific cerebral network. However, all dimensions involve the cerebellum posterior lobes. In another sample of 36 PD patients, we find a significant relationship between apathy and altered facial emotional recognition. This correlation relies on a specific network that involves the PMC, the OFC and the PC. Preliminary results on schizophrenia find decreased performances in apathetic patients on an auditive emotional recognition task,compared to non apathetic schizophrenia patients and controls, although not significant. This may come from the difference between the two samples of patients and push us to continue to enroll apathetic patients. Liietrature data on apathy functionnal anatomy is discussed
Carey, Guillaume. "Imaging anxiety in Parkinson's disease." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDBSL/2024/2024ULILS023.pdf.
Full textAnxiety in Parkinson's disease (PD) is a frequent and disabilitating non-motor symptom. It is difficult to manage, partly due to a poor knowledge of the underlying mechanisms. The objective of this thesis was to identify the underlying mechanisms of PD-related anxiety, using multimodal brain MRI.A systematic review of the literature on imaging data in PD-related anxiety was first carried out, allowing the generation of initial hypotheses. Then, several studies including structural and functional brain MRI analyses were carried out in PD patients with or without clinically significant anxiety. Our analyses focused on the fear circuit, known to be involved in anxiety disorders and fear processing, and the limbic cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit, known for its involvement in the neuropsychiatric symptoms of PD.Our results suggest that PD-related anxiety is the consequence of a functional and structural imbalance between these two circuits. Certain overlapping structures, such as the thalamus, the striatum or the brainstem nuclei, could be key areas whose alteration could explain the high prevalence of these disorders in PD. Further works based in particular on technological advances in imaging and new concepts concerning the pathophysiology of PD will be necessary to answer the remaining questions
Montel, Sébastien. "Coping et qualité de vie en lien avec l'humeur et les émotions dans la sclérose en plaques et Parkinson." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H046.
Full textMultiple Sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) are two neurological disorders having a significant effect on the Quality of Life (QoL) of subjects affected by them. The fonctional limitations compel the patients to revise their priorities and to accept many changes in their daily life. Mood disorders linked on the one hand to the consequences of the disease and on the other hand to neurological lesions, frequently follow. To face this physical, psychological and social upheaval, subjects use coping strategies. This work aims to study the coping style and the QoL of MS and PD subjects while taking account of depression and anxiety. We thought that some coping strategies could be linked to a poor QoL. We expected different coping strategies according to the type of disease and its clinical characteristics. The research include 3 studies and one clinical reflexion. One hundred thirty five MS in the first study, 135 PD in the second one and 40 PD who have undergone a deep brain stimulation are evaluated. The collect of data is made through a semi-structured interview and self-questionnaires. The research bring out different coping strategies according to the disease but also according to the clinical course in MS and motor signs as well stimulation in PD. Emotional coping strategies are linked to a poor QoL in overall patients. These results encourage us to develop multi-focused interventions adapted to the disease's characteristics
Mondon, Karl. "Etude phénotypique des démences extrapyramidales : apport de la neuropsychologie dans le diagnostic différentiel." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR3146.
Full textClinical manifestations associating motor and cognitive impairment are frequently encountered and difficult for the clinician who is required to address the problem of making the correct differential diagnosis, particularly to differentiate Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) from Lewy bodies dementia (LBD). In this study, we examined the neuropsychological characteristics which allow us to differentiate the two disorders. In the first study, we demonstrated that visual recognition memory is disturbed differently in the two cases. In a second study, we specified the characterisstics of the modifications encountered by using the classic "cortical" and "subcortical" dementia profiles. We also showed that, in PDD, the alteration in visual recognition memory is intermediary between Alzheimer's disease and LBD. Finally, in the last part of our study, we suggest future avenues of research needed to complete our work
Péran, Patrice. "Traitement des verbes : Etude neuropsychologique dans les pathologies sous-corticales : étude de neuroimagerie fonctionnelle et pharmacologique chez des sujets sains." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20043.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is two-fold : 1) to characterize verb processing in relation to the fronto-striatal pathophysiology comparing noun- and verb- generation tasks in 34 non demented Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients, non demented and demented Huntington's Disease (HD) with matched control subjects 2) to assess, using fMRI, the effects of paroxetine on brain activity during language tasks related to action processing in healthy subjects after one-month treatment. 1) Our study evidences a clear language deficit in non-demented PD patients in tasks designed to explore verb processing. The profile of HD results is different since non demented and demented HD patients have showed a deficit whatever the task in comparison with control groups. 2) Our fMRI results show that paroxetine induces a relative enhancement of cortical activity for a low-level automatized language task, and a relative decrease of cortical activity for the two demanding tasks
Giguère-Rancourt, Ariane. ""Goal Management Training" : effets d'un programme d'entraînement des fonctions exécutives chez des patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson idiopathique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69591.
Full textParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by resting tremor and rigidity. In addition to these motor symptoms of PD, other non-motor symptoms occur, such as cognitive deficits. Approximately 30% of PD patients develop Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) with executive dysfunction, that is, difficulties in executive functions. These functions are the ability to organize and coordinate thoughts, goal directed behaviors and to regulate emotions. Few treatments are actually available specifically for cognitive impairment in PD patients. Since medication development can take several years and cause adverse side effects, other non-pharmacological treatments may be useful in helping patients with PD-MCI. This thesis aims to evaluate two non-pharmacological approaches (cognitive training and psychoeducation), which were adapted to patients with PD-MCI. In order to meet certain limitations of previous studies, the Goal Management Training (GMT) training program was chosen for administration to PD-MCI patients with executive dysfunction. Another program was developed in form of psychoeducation on PD and various symptoms, coupled with mindfulness exercises. The first study intended to adapt the GMT program to PD-MCI population. With a multi baseline case study in a first patient, safety and acceptability were verified on several parameters (fatigue, psychological and behavioral symptoms, changes in medication or dosage and caregiver burden). The results show that GMT is safe and acceptable. In addition, it improves concerns about executive functions. The second study assessed the effects of the two programs (executive functions, quality of life, overall cognition) with a randomized - control study. Six patients received the adapted GMT, and six others received the combination of psychoeducation and mindfulness. The programs were administered at the home of each participant in the presence of the caregiver, in five sessions of 60-75 minutes, over five weeks. Various follow-up measures were taken at one, four and 12 weeks after the end of the intervention. The results show that both programs improved concerns about executive functions. They also reduced the number of errors made in an executive functions task, with a non-significant trend towards greater improvement in the GMT group. After four weeks, the group combining psychoeducation and mindfulness saw an improvement in quality of life, whereas scores of the GMT group were maintained. This study shows the interest of non-pharmacological approaches. Each program has its advantages and limitations depending on the profile of each participant. The third study aimed to include caregiver's data. During the second study, the caregivers of each participant answered questionnaires on the feelings of burden and distress. First, all data from the baseline, before randomization and interventions, were combined. The associations between clinical variables and variables in caregivers were assessed with a correlation matrix. Secondly, the effects of the two interventions were specifically evaluated on caregiver's measures. The results show there was no deterioration in feelings of burden and distress among caregivers for any of the groups, even if they had to invest time during the interventions. This study showed the importance of involving caregivers in the therapeutic process of PD-MCI patients. This thesis has shown the potential of two non-pharmacological approaches to improve concerns of patients with cognitive disorders. The three studies show limits, as well as strengths. Different theoretical and clinical recommendations regarding the intervention in people with PD-MCI can be considered.
Serret, Mathilde. "Élaboration d'un dispositif de danse-thérapie à expression primitive et évaluation de ses effets auprès de patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR2011.
Full textRecent studies have shown that dance may be an appropriate and effective strategy for improving motor and non-motor symptoms, as well as quality of life on individuals with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Dance-Therapy through primitive expression (DTPE), as a mind-body therapy, may convey superior benefits, not only on physical areas but also on psychological and social ones. The main hypothesis is that Dance-Therapy will lead to greater gait and balance ability, an improved quality of life, will have psychological and social benefits and is an important component of a multidisciplinary approach to long-term management of PD.The first study, which lasted for two years, consisted of elaborating, observing and modifying the DTPE proposals in order to adapt them to the requirements of Parkinson's disease and to develop protocols of sessions in order to propose an innovative management of the disease.The second study, developed after a thorough literature review and which lasted seven months, made it possible to test the feasibility of such a study, to test a first main outcome (gait) and to evaluate the effects of the DTPE with the scales, which, after reviewing the studies on the subject, appeared to us to be the most relevant and well recognized in the medical community.The development of an original approach between Human and Social Sciences and Medicine can be used to feed the practices and care of patients by providing useful elements for the training of professionals and the organization of care. The thinking that has grounded the methodology of the studies developed in this thesis will contribute to fueling research and setting up new studies
Chazeron, Ingrid de. "Approche épidémiologique et évaluative des comportements addictifs." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/72/62/75/PDF/2009CLF1MM14.pdf.
Full textWithin the framework of addictive behaviours, a descriptive step is often the introduction necessary for any comprehensive step. Thus, epidemiology is a tool which turns out in particular when it is a question of considered i) the existence of addictifs behavior in a specific population and to measure the relevance of the notion of "harmful use" in nosography, ii) the relevance of use of one pathology as a model of study of addictifs mechanisms. So, we estimated at first the existence of addictif behaviours in a specific population "the pregnant women". It seems that self-reports are easily useful and provide a strong adhesion of the participants. The biological markers of alcohol consumption are not helpful contrary to biological markers of tobacco exposure which revealed a higher presence of environmental tobacco smoke. This survey also reveals that half of women in Auvergne consume at least one drink of alcohol during their pregnancy and that the major consequence of this consumption : the Fœtal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) has been found to be present in at least 1. 8 of 1000 live births. So this epidemiological study allowed measure of indicators of sanitary interest for a social and preventive Medicine and targeted programs for public health. Secondly, we estimated the addictif profile of another specific population "Parkinson's disease (PD) patients" in comparison to general population. The secondary objective is to better define tools at disposal. We noticed that the hypersexuality or the pathological gambling do not seem to be overrepresented behaviours in PD patients whereas dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS) is frequent. In prospect of this research, it seemed that reliable tools of evaluation particularly on hypersexuality remain to be developed. Furthemore to this epidemiological research, PD patients can represent a model to better understand the functioning of addictive behaviours
Soulas, Thierry. "Comprendre la trajectoire psychologique des personnes traitées pour une maladie de Parkinson évoluée : Une synthèse de recherches sur l'ajustement et la qualité de vie en fonction de l'option thérapeutique retenue, et de ses effets indésirables." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H102.
Full textThis thesis is based on studies designed to understand psychological outcomes among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) treated with either dopatherapy or deep brain stimulation (DBS). The first three cross-sectional studies focus on the diagnostic criteria for parkinsonian psychosis and on hallucinations. Following a phenomenological analysis of hallucinations in PD, and especially minor phenomena such as feelings of presence, we established that the patterns of hallucinations in PD are different to those observed in the general population. These minor phenomena could therefore be included among the diagnostic criteria for parkinsonian psychosis. Our two longitudinal studies show that DBS improves quality of life (QoL) and motor function in PD, and that certain presurgical psychological characteristics such as coping and mood, partly predict these outcomes. They also show that DBS reduces the care burden among younger spouses, even though their QoL is rarely improved. The last, retrospective study shows an increased risk of suicide after DBS. Several conclusions can be drawn from these findings. First, whatever the treatment option, minor hallucinations must not be neglected. Second, special attention must be paid to patient who, prior to DBS, show signs of impulsiveness or major depression. These patients may benefit from psychotherapy centered on their coping strategies or personal goals
Faouzi, Johann. "Machine learning to predict impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS048.
Full textImpulse control disorders are a class of psychiatric disorders characterized by impulsivity. These disorders are common during the course of Parkinson's disease, decrease the quality of life of subjects, and increase caregiver burden. Being able to predict which individuals are at higher risk of developing these disorders and when is of high importance. The objective of this thesis is to study impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease from the statistical and machine learning points of view, and can be divided into two parts. The first part consists in investigating the predictive performance of the altogether factors associated with these disorders in the literature. The second part consists in studying the association and the usefulness of other factors, in particular genetic data, to improve the predictive performance
Auzou, Nicolas. "Production du verbe dans le vieillissement normal et les pathologies du mouvement : analyses quantitatives et qualitatives." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0304.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to investigate the production of action verbs through the action fluency task, in comparison to classical fluency tasks (i.e., semantic and letter). In first instance, production has been studied, both quantitatively and qualitatively, in aging. We have shown that action fluency is impacted by healthy aging and is related to executive functions (Experiment 1) and working memory (Experiment 3) in older adults. This effect of age appearsto be affected by production time, with older adults producing fewer action verbs than younger adults in three minutes (Experiment 1) but not in one (Experiment 2) and two minutes (Experiment 3). In addition, older adults took more into account the time instruction during verbal fluency tasks (Experiment 2). The verbal association task’s data (Experiment 4) indicated that associations between nouns and verbs are modified by age. In second instance,the production of action verbs has been studied within movement disorders. We have shown that the production in the action fluency task and the adaptation to time instruction are impacted by Parkinson's disease (Experiment 5). We have also shown that action fluency is altered within an atypical parkinsonism, multiple system atrophy (Experiment 6). In essential tremor (Experiment 7), we have shown an impairment of action fluency while verbs treatment, in a lexical decision task, was not altered. In addition, surgery (deep brain stimulation) qualitatively modified the production of verbs in action fluency. Our data highlight the impact of healthy aging and movement disorders on the production of action verb, due to the highly executive nature of this process
Charvet, Igor. "Développement des neurones dopaminergiques et environnement matriciel : analyse in vivo et in vitro du rôle des protéoglycannes dans la mise en place des voies mésostriatales chez le rat." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10117.
Full textGiquello, Anne-Lise Petit Jean-Yves. "La maladie de Parkinson." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/PHgiquello.pdf.
Full textde, Chazeron Ingrid. "Approche épidémiologique et évaluative des comportements addictifs." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00726275.
Full textBayot, Madli. "Interaction attention-motricité chez le sujet sain et parkinsonien : mécanismes et modulation." Thesis, Lille 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL2S022.
Full textGait initiation is a motor program not fully automatized which varies according to attentional capacities. Motor deficits and cognitive decline, including attention, develops with ageing and Parkinson’s disease and may lead to risk of falls.The main objective was to better characterize and modulate the interaction between step initiation and visuospatial attention at behavioral and cortical level.We first produced a state of the art in the literature on dual tasks’ paradigms with gait initiation and a cognitive task. A very limited number of studies on this topic were carried out despite a promising potential for risk of falls’ prediction.To analyze the attention-locomotion interplay, we tested a paradigm combining the Attention Network Test with gait initiation on young subjects. Accordingly, the interaction could be characterized.After validating abnormal coupling between initial posture, preparation phases and gait execution in patients with freezing of gait, the attention-step initiation interplay was investigated. An impairment in executive control does exist, but without any specific repercussion on step initiation.A functional connectivity EEG analysis at resting state and during an attentional task allowed to investigate further cognitive decline in patients with freezing of gait. An overdependence on the environment as potential compensatory mechanism was observed.Eventually, a research protocol that aims to modulate the attention-locomotion interaction via a combination of structured cognitive training and methylphenidate treatment was initiated
Sellam, Sylvain. "Apomorphine et maladie de Parkinson." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P127.
Full textLefeuvre, Jocelyne. "Dépression, Dopamine et maladie de Parkinson." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR23034.
Full textWeintraub, Sylvia. "Traitements de la maladie de Parkinson." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P149.
Full textLefebvre, Vincent. "Memoire motrice et maladie de parkinson." Lille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL2M287.
Full textJuchs, Bernard. "Maladie de parkinson : mptp et deprenyl." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR1M106.
Full textLaplace, Martine. "Radicaux libres et maladie de Parkinson." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2P017.
Full textLapère, Marie-Hélène, and Sylvie Lemoine. "La maladie de parkinson et ses traitements." Lille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL2P010.
Full textHaddad, Pierre-Jacques. "La maladie de Parkinson et son traitement." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P134.
Full textRahbari, Oskoui Farid. "Stress oxydatif, vieillissement et maladie de Parkinson." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2M024.
Full textLebouvier, Thibaud Neunlist Michel. "Système nerveux entérique et maladie de Parkinson." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=35696.
Full textLebouvier, Thibaud. "Système nerveux entérique et maladie de Parkinson." Nantes, 2012. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=d92dc783-0dee-4912-ba86-d87f6d32a9bb.
Full textThe autonomic nervous system belongs to the earliest regions affected by Parkinson’s disease pathology. Neuronal loss and Lewy inclusions are present both in its central (autonomic nuclei of the brainstem and spinal cord) and peripheral (autonomic ganglia and intrinsic plexuses) components. Recent studies suggest that the degenerative process follows a centripetal route within the autonomic nervous system, the postganglionic neurons being affected first, and point to the intrinsic plexuses as the putative origin of the disease. The enteric nervous system is the most differenciated of these plexuses. Pathological, clinical and epidemiological data confirm its early dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease. Contrary to the central nervous system, it is readily biopsable by digestive endoscopy. This work focuses on digestive biopsies as a diagnostic tool in Parkinson’s disease, by studying the value of Lewy inclusions of the colonic mucosa and submucosal plexus as a pathological biomarker for Parkinson’s disease. In a cohort of 29 patients and 10 controls, our method reached 72% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Pathological burden within the colonic submucosa follows a rostrocaudal distribution. It is correlated to disease severity but not to olfactory dysfunction, which is also an early sign of the disease. Beyond the potential diagnostic applications, easy access to Parkinson’s disease pathology opens perspectives for clinical and basic research
Rousselet, Estelle. "Modulation du processus neurodégénératif par le TNF-α et une cytokine apparentée, la protéine TWEAK, dans les syndromes parkinsoniens." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05N035.
Full textIbáñez, Pablo. "Contribution à l'étude des formes monogéniques de la maladie de Parkinson." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05D037.
Full textParkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative age-related disease characterized by bradykinesia, rigidity and resting tremor. Several studies on rare monogenic forms led to the identification of genes implicated in dopaminergic cell loss in the substantia-nigra and proteic aggregation in Lewy bodies. During this thesis, genetic analysis of early-onset autosomal recessive PD has shown that mutations in the Pink1 gene are more frequent than mutations in DJ-1. My work also demonstrated that LRRK2 mutations are more frequently implicated in autosomal dominant forms of PD than multiplications of α-synuclein and point mutations in NR4A2. In a second part, I have contributed to the characterization of a Parkin knock-out mouse, and showed the presence of dopaminergic neurons modifications leading to nigral neurodegeneration. These studies demonstrate the importance of the identification of major genes in PD for diagnostic and therapeutics, but also underline its importance for the understanding of physiopathological mechanisms causing the disease
Le, Bars Solène. "Action-effect prediction in intention-based and stimulus-driven actions : an exploration of the ideomotor theory and of the brain free-energy principle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB235.
Full textMotor actions can be classified as being either intention-based, i.e. internally triggered in order to reach a certain goal, or either stimulus-driven, i.e. externally triggered in order to accommodate to environmental events. This elementary dissociation was notably theorized within the original ideomotor theory stating that performing intention-based actions relies on our capacity to predict the sensory consequences of our actions, due to action-effect associations learnt through experience. In recent neurocomputational models such as the brain free-energy principle, this sensory prediction is considered as a key process of overall sensorium and motor control, regardless the action type. Henceforth, experiments studying sensory prediction related to motor control have systematically minimized the potential distinction between two more or less independent action types. In the current thesis, we mainly attempted to address this issue by testing the original ideomotor viewpoint, suggesting a superior involvement of action-effect prediction in intention-based actions compared to more reactive actions. We achieved this work according to three axes: (1) Through behavioural experiments, we aimed at clarifying which motor stage(s) action-effect prediction is related to, within intention-based actions and within stimulus-driven actions, in order to potentially dissociate the temporal dynamics of action-effect prediction in these two categories of actions. (2) Taking advantage from assumptions derived from neurocomputational approaches, we used EEG to first explore the level of prediction error related to unpredicted vs. mispredicted auditory events in order to dissociate these two types of nonpredicted events at a neural level. Then, we investigated whether EEG markers of sensory prediction (i.e., prediction error and sensory attenuation) were modulated by the kind of action triggering the sensory effect. (3) Finally, we intended to examine whether action-effect prediction variations could be linked to motor deficits in Parkinson's disease on the one hand, and to impulsivity tendencies in healthy participants on the other hand, for possibly yielding a clinical dimension to the sensory prediction process. Our findings demonstrated (1) the temporal dynamics of action-effect prediction seems to depend on the action kind, being linked to both early and late stages of motor preparation of intention-based actions and only to late stages of motor preparation of stimulus-driven actions. We also showed that (2) mispredicted events were linked to enhanced prediction error compared to unpredicted events, and that EEG markers of sensory prediction were more pronounced for auditory effects triggered by intention-based actions compared to auditory effects triggered by stimulus-driven actions. Then, our results sustained that (3) the action-effect prediction process seems to be impaired for intention-based actions in Parkinson's disease, and that EEG markers of sensory prediction for effects triggered by intention-based actions are modulated by impulsiveness tendencies in healthy participants. Altogether, our findings are consistent with the original version of the ideomotor theory given the action-effect prediction appeared to be earlier and stronger involved in intention-based actions compared to stimulus-driven actions. Our EEG data also modernized the ideomotor principle, reconciling it with neurocomputational approaches of sensory prediction. Finally, the clinical exploration of the action-effect prediction process in pathologies affecting motor control appeared promising to understand intermediate neurocognitive processes which are involved in motor symptoms or characteristics
Boulenger, Véronique. "Le Langage et l'Action : Dynamique des liens unissant verbes d'action et contrôle moteur." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00363149.
Full textLeroy, Florence. "La maladie de Parkinson et son traitement en 1993." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P256.
Full textNègre-Pagès, Laurence. "Douleur et anxiété dans la maladie de Parkinson." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/367/.
Full textThis work is part of a Toulouse research program on Parkinson's Disease (PD) and in the context of clinical neuro epidemiological activities development. DoPaMiP cross-sectional epidemiological survey aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of chronic pain in Parkinson's disease and to compare the clinical profile of PD patients with and without chronic pain. 450 PD patients and 98 non PD patients from the Midi Pyrénées Region were evaluated using validated and standardised questionnaires. From the DoPaMiP survey database, we have been also able to estimate the frequence of anxiety and depression signs using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and to compare clinical features associated with the presence or absence of such anxious or depressive symptoms
FAIVRE, CHALON DIDIER. "Anomalies fonctionnelles vegetatives dans la maladie de parkinson." Besançon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BESA3101.
Full textLévecque, Clotilde. "Identification de déterminants génétiques impliqués dans le développement de la maladie de Parkinson : mise en évidence d'interactions gène-environnement." Lille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL2MT18.
Full textVermersch, Patrick. "Demence et maladie de parkinson : correlations cliniques et therapeutiques." Lille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL2M338.
Full textLocco, Julie. "La production des occlusives dans la maladie de Parkinson." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10093.
Full textCouronné, Raphaël. "Modélisation de la progression de la maladie de Parkinson." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS363.
Full textIn this work, we developed statistical methods to model disease progression from patient’s repeated measurements, with a focus on Parkinson’s Disease (PD). A key challenge lies in the inherent heterogeneity of PD across patients, to the extent that PD is now suspected to encompass multiple subtypes or motor phenotypes. To gain insights on disease progression, research studies propose to gather a broad range of marker measurements, at multiple timepoints for each patients. These data allow to investigate the disease’s patterns of progression via statistical modeling. In a first part, we modeled the progression of scalar markers of PD. We extended on a disease progression model, namely the longitudinal spatiotemporal model. We then proposed to address data missingness, and to model the joint progression of markers of different nature, such as clinical scores, and scalar measurements extracted on imaging modalities. With this method, we modeled early motor progression in PD, and, in a second work, the heterogeneity of idiopathic PD progression, with a focus on sleep symptoms. In a second, independent, part of the manuscript, we tackled the longitudinal modeling of medical images. For these higher dimensionality data, Deep Learning is often used, but mostly in cross sectional setups, ignoring the possible inner dynamics. We proposed to leverage Deep Learning as a dimensionality reduction tool to build a spatiotemporal coordinate system of disease progression. We first took advantage of this flexibility to handle multimodal data. Then we leveraged the self-supervision induced by assuming monotonicity over time, to offer higher flexibility in modeling temporal variability
Floch, Emmanuel. "Les troubles nocturnes et les troubles du sommeil dans la maladie de Parkinson." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P226.
Full textFouillet, Nicolas. "Intérêts et limites de l'apomorphine dans la maladie de parkinson." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR23049.
Full textGibrat, Claire. "Propriétés thérapeutiques de la cystamine pour la maladie de Parkinson : étude chez divers modèles animaux de la maladie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29809/29809.pdf.
Full textCurrent treatments for Parkinson disease (PD) are only symptomatic, that means that they relieve symptoms of the disease without intervening in its underlying functional disorders and therefore cannot prevent the neurodegenerative progression of PD. There is therefore a huge interest in developing ways to prevent the loss of neurons that characterizes this disease or otherwise change the pathology’s evolutionary course when it is already initiated. From this interest, we have chosen to focus our research on a compound suspected to possess neuroprotective properties in animal models of neurodegenerative disorders. This compound is the cystamine. This molecule has already been recognized as a neuroprotective agent in animal models of Huntington disease (HD), another neurodegenerative disease resulting in motor problems. It is in this context that fits my thesis, which aims to address the issue of cystamine’s therapeutic effects and mechanisms for PD. First, my work focused on the study of neuroprotective properties of cystamine and the identification of some mechanisms of action responsible for the beneficial effects observed in an MPTP-induced presymptomatic murine model of parkinsonism. Subsequently we studied the impact of cystamine, when the treatment was administered during an ongoing DA-neuronal degeneration, on behavioural, biochemical and pathological changes observed in two distinct neurotoxic mouse models of PD. Finally we stated the optimal efficient doses of cystamine, addressed the identification of intermediate molecules involved in the cystamine’s action and checked their transport to the brain. Briefly, our investigations confirm not only the neuroprotective aptitudes of cystamine when administered before the induction of the pathology but also demonstrate its capacity to stop an ongoing neurodegenerative process (neurorescue) and even partly reverse motor deficiencies. We have shown that these beneficial effects are associated, in particular, to a fine regulation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as well as a modulation of apoptotic factors and pro-inflammatory cytotoxic compounds. These approaches have also enabled us to highlight the glial cells as important mediators of the cystamine’s beneficial effects and the extent of the doses tested allowed the identification of the optimal doses for this compound’s efficiency. Our work finally points the cysteamine as the major intermediate involved in the cystamine’s therapeutic action and demonstrates its ability to cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) in vivo. Our latest publications as well as our preliminary results on the therapeutic power of cystamine demonstrate the relevance of the proposed studies and offer a sound basis for the continuation on the translational research on this molecule.
GERVASON, CLAIRE-LISE. "Cinq ans d'utilisation de l'apomorphine dans la maladie de parkinson." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M294.
Full textHunot, Stéphane. "Reaction gliale et processus inflammatoires dans la maladie de parkinson." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066520.
Full textBECQUET, ESTELLE. "Les formes familiales de la maladie de parkinson : premiers resultats." Lille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL2M273.
Full textPoisson, Alice. "Plasticité anormale et maladie de Parkinson : de l'akinésie à l'hyperkinésie." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10261/document.
Full textMirror movements and akinesia can be both found during Parkinson’s disease. Although very different, they may both reflect an abnormal cerebral plasticity during the disease and the perturbation of the motor inhibitory control. This work reveals that mirror movements are linked to a1/ disruption of the reactive inhibitory control and 2/ to the overactivation of numerous cortical areas. The latter could be the result of a compensatory recruitment aiming at improving the movement. But they could as well reflect a deleterious loss of cerebral activation specificity during Parkinson’s disease. The second experience shows that in healthy subject, the proactive inhibitory control is underpinned by the noradrenergic system. Last but not least the third part of this work reveals an abnormal implementation of the proactive inhibitory control in Parkinson’s disease and suggests its involvement in akinesia. Brought together these results suggest that an abnormal plasticity phenomenon underlies the mirror movements and the akinesia in Parkinson’s disease. More precisely, we observed a default of the reactive inhibitory control associated to mirror movements in Parkinson’s disease and an excess of proactive inhibitory control that seems to be linked to akinesia. The finding of an adrenergic modulation of the proactive inhibitory control opens the fields for the development of noradrenergic therapeutics in akinesia
Brien, Christine. "La maladie de parkinson et ses traitements : utilisation de l'apomorphine." Strasbourg 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STR15035.
Full textAymard, Jean-Christophe. "Maladie de Parkinson : intérêt des formes retards de L Dopa." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P021.
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