Journal articles: 'Maize'

1

Butts, Steve, Alan McGeorge, and Jenny Briedenhann. "The Great Cornish Maize Maze." Culture Agriculture 27, no. 1 (June 2005): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cag.2005.27.1.61.

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Nguyen, Huyen Khon, Le Thanh Hai, Tung Van Tra, Nguyen Viet Thang, Tran Thi Hieu, Thu Hong Anh Nguyen, Dong Thi Thu Huyen, and Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao. "Study on the use of sludge farming of catfish as organic fertilizer and evaluate its effectiveness in agriculture." Science & Technology Development Journal - Science of The Earth & Environment 4, no. 1 (April 5, 2020): First. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjsee.v4i1.502.

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The purpose of this study is to reuse fishpond sediment to produce organic fertilizer for planting maize. The sludge was mixed with rice husk and Composted under aerobic conditions. The effectiveness of Compost on planting maizes was assessed by adding to maizes with and without combination chemical fertilizers as different dosages as recommendations. The amounts of Compost adding for maizes were 10 and 20 tons/ha. Maize growth, characteristics of corn, and soil physical and chemical parameters such as bulk density, soil aggregate stability, the volume of moisture, and useful moisture of soil were measured and evaluated. The results showed that the quality of organic fertilizer produced from waste sludge met Vietnamese standard (QCVN:2018/BNNPTNT) for adding to crops. Applying organic fertilizer with the quantity of 20 tons/ha to combine with the recommendation of inorganic fertilizer amount for planting maizes increased the yield. Moreover, 20 ton/ha of organic fertilizer coupling with 50% of chemical fertilizer amount as a recommendation for planting maize also enhanced the yield to compare with the control (only using inorganic fertilizer as a recommendation). The maize yield of applying 20 tons/ha of organic fertilizer was higher than the maize yield of 10 tons/ha of organic fertilizer. Using organic fertilizer produced by fishpond sediment did improve not only the soil quality but also protected the canals and increased household income.

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Mujbaile, Vedanand, Aditya Shindekar, Mayur Tidke, Shronit Jiwankar, Karan Bramhapurikar, Chhaya Kakde, and Pratik Dhepe. "Optimization and Development of Existing Corn Sheller Machine." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 838–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41378.

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Abstract: In our country, most of the land use for the agriculture purpose that manufacture semi-finish product or product. Farmers in developing country like Republic of India grows little scale maze. Corn is sold-out by farmer with cob. the typical kernel value is just about double the value of cob. maze is extremely helpful plant for man and animal. it's a serious material for business particularly for production of starch, oil, protein, food sweeteners and bio fuels. it's process is effortful and time intense. This mobile machine was designed to shell maize and to separate the cob from the grain. The additional financial gain is generated by farmers if corns is embellished and kernels area unit sold-out on the market themselves. however this needs a worker of low cost operated by hand and economical maize. the shortage of little maize process machine i.e, maize worker is that the major maize production downside, particularly in our country Republic of India.

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Guarnieri, Analu, Katia Aparecida de Pinho Costa, Eduardo da Costa Severiano, Alessandro Guerra da Silva, Suelen Soares Oliveira, and Charles Barbosa Santos. "Agronomic and productive characteristics of maize and Paiaguas palisadegrass in integrated production systems." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 40, no. 3 (May 21, 2019): 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n3p1185.

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Currently, mixed systems for growing annual crops with forage plants of the Brachiaria genus represent an excellent alternative for the cultivation of maize by using the area for agricultural and livestock farming, which provides higher income to the grower and sustainability to the agricultural systems of the Cerrado. However, little is known about the best means for sowing such intercropped plants. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of maize (Zea mays) as well as the productive and nutritional characteristics of Paiaguas palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Paiaguas) as the second crop in integrated production systems. The experimental design used randomized blocks with four replications. The treatments consisted of the following forage systems: monocropped of maize, monocropped of Paiaguas palisadegrass, maize intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass in rows, maize intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass between rows, and maize with oversown Paiaguas palisadegrass. The results showed that intercropping of maize with Paiaguas palisadegrass does not interfere with the agronomic characteristics or grain yield of maize, regardless of the system that was adopted. Regarding the production of forage, low production of dry matter was found for Paiaguas palisadegrass oversown in maize, though the nutritional value was better. Intercropping maze and Paiaguas palisadegrass is relevant to integrated production systems, as it allows for of a third harvest in the same crop year, which maintains sustainability especially because a smaller arable area is used compared to conventional systems.

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Frommer, Dóra, Szilvia Veres, and László Radócz. "Sensitivity of maize hybrids to common smut under field artificial inoculation conditions." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 71 (June 14, 2017): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/71/1566.

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Common smut disease of maize is one of the most frequent diseases of crop. In the last decades the importance of disease has decreased in feeding maize production, however its importance increasing again nowadays, especially at sweet maize hybrids. The aims of this work was to find hybrids possess of resistance, and to evaluate which ones are more or less susceptible under field artificial inoculation circumstances. Among feeding maizes the less susceptible hybrid was ‘P9578’, and the most susceptible ’NK Columbia’ hybrid, and differences in cob infection between them was significant (8.8%). At sweet corn hybrids the less susceptible was ’Prelude’, while the most susceptible was ’Jumbo’ with very high significant 74.6% differences.

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JOSHI, EKTA, A. K. VYAS, SHIVA DHAR, ANCHAL DASS, KAILASH PRAJAPATI, DINESH JINGER, and D. S. SASODE. "Macro- and micro-nutrient uptake pattern and their use efficiencies for maize (Zea mays) in maize-wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system under nutrient omissions." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 9 (October 28, 2020): 1714–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i9.106616.

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A 2-year (2012 and 2013) field experiment was conducted at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to assess the effect of omitted nutrients on nutrient concentration and uptake and (nutrient use efficiency) NUE for maize (Zea mays L.) in maizeâ€“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system. The STCR-based application of nutrients was more rewarding in terms of improved concentrations, uptakes and better NUE of macro (N, P, K) and micro-nutrients (Zn) in maize. This treatment increased the total uptake of N, P and K by 14.9, 12.5 and 9.3 %, respectively, over recommended rates of NPKZn application. The continuous omission of P resulted in 13.7, 11.5 and 4.7 % reduction in total uptake of N, P and K, respectively. Similar to P, omitting K to both crops continuously also resulted in reduction of total uptake of N, P, K, Zn by 22.1, 13.6, 23.4, 1.9, respectively. Omitting Zn to both maize and wheat crop during 2012 and 2013 did not influence total nutrient uptake significantly. Omitting P and K also exhibited reduced agronomic efficiency and apparent recovery. Balanced application of NPK to preceding wheat crop resulted in higher uptake of N, P and K by maize compared to absolute control and imbalanced application of N, NP or NKZn directly to maize crop during experimentation. Omitting N, P or K to maize resulted in reduction in NUE and uptake in maize during second study year.

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Sári-Barnácz, Fruzsina Enikő, Mihály Zalai, Stefan Toepfer, Gábor Milics, Dóra Iványi, Mariann Tóthné Kun, János Mészáros, Mátyás Árvai, and József Kiss. "Suitability of Satellite Imagery for Surveillance of Maize Ear Damage by Cotton Bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) Larvae." Remote Sensing 15, no. 23 (December 1, 2023): 5602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15235602.

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The cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) poses significant risks to maize. Changes in the maize plant, such as its phenology, influence the short-distance movement and oviposition of cotton bollworm adults and, thus, the distribution of the subsequent larval damage. We aim to provide an overview of future approaches to the surveillance of maize ear damage by cotton bollworm larvae based on remote sensing. We focus on finding a near-optimal combination of Landsat 8 or Sentinel-2 spectral bands, vegetation indices, and maize phenology to achieve the best predictions. The study areas were 21 sweet and grain maze fields in Hungary in 2017, 2020, and 2021. Correlations among the percentage of damage and the time series of satellite images were explored. Based on our results, Sentinel-2 satellite imagery is suggested for damage surveillance, as 82% of all the extremes of the correlation coefficients were stronger, and this satellite provided 20–64% more cloud-free images. We identified that the maturity groups of maize are an essential factor in cotton bollworm surveillance. No correlations were found before canopy closure (BBCH 18). Visible bands were the most suitable for damage surveillance in mid–late grain maize (|rmedian| = 0.49–0.51), while the SWIR bands, NDWI, NDVI, and PSRI were suitable in mid–late grain maize fields (|rmedian| = 0.25–0.49) and sweet maize fields (|rmedian| = 0.24–0.41). Our findings aim to support prediction tools for cotton bollworm damage, providing information for the pest management decisions of advisors and farmers.

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AFOLAMI, C. A., D. ERUVBETINE, and S. O. AFOLAMI. "THE ECONOMIC IMPLICATION OF SUBSTITUTING COCOA POD HUSK FOR MAIZE IN LIVESTOCK FEEDS IN NIGERIA." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 27 (January 3, 2021): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v27i.1987.

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A study was conducted to estimate the amount of maize that could be conserved by substituting cocoa pod husk (CPH) for maize in livestock feeds. For this purpose a conversion coefficient between dry cocoa beans and dry CPH was estimated by using data collected from a survey of 50 cocoa farms. Some livestock feed millers in Nigeria were also surveyed to obtain the composition of feeds for different livestock species. Using the conversion coefficient between dry cocoa beans and dry CPH together with dry cocoa bean outputs between 1970 and 1996 it was estimated that Nigeria produced an average of 274,800 metric tonnes of CPH per year. Using the amount of livestock feed consumption in Nigeria from 1977 - 1996 and the percentage of maize component of the rations, the amount of maize utilized in livestock seeds for the period was estimated 6 Further, using the safe levels of CPH substitution in the various livesto-k feeds as suggested by research conducted in the past, the amount of maize which could be conserved by incorporating CPH in the various feed types was estimated as an annual average of 39,473 metric tonnes of maize. This saying was found to bridge the deficit between demand and supply as given by supplementation done by importing maize. The study concluded that by utilizing (CPH) in compounding various livestock feed rations, the high price of maize arising from excessive demand can be reduced. The limiting role of maize in making available livestock feeds will be alleviated. Furthermore, increased revenue to cocoa producers would accrue as result of additional revenue generated from sale of CPH and good environmental sanitation reducing the incidence of black pod disease and consequently reducing investment in chemicals and labour for the control of the disease. Finally, more malze would be available for human consumption and the supplementation that was done in the form of maize importation may not be necessary.

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9

Kyetere, D. T., R. Ming, M. D. McMullen, R. C. Pratt, J. Brewbaker, and T. Musket. "Genetic analysis of tolerance to maize streak virus in maize." Genome 42, no. 1 (February 1, 1999): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g98-099.

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Maize streak, incited by maize streak geminivirus (MSV), is a major disease limiting maize (Zea mays L.) production over widespread areas of Africa. To understand the genetic basis of tolerance to MSV, recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross of the MSV tolerant inbred Tzi4 with the MSV susceptible inbred Hi34, were evaluated for MSV tolerance. Experiments were conducted using controlled leafhopper (Cicadulina spp.) infestation in one glasshouse experiment at Namulonge, Uganda, and two field experiments at Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo, Harare, Zimbabwe. Eighty-seven RILs were genotyped at 82 loci by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The association between genotype at RFLP marker loci and MSV tolerance was determined using single-factor analysis of variance (SFAOV), multiple regression, and interval mapping procedures. There was a significant association of MSV tolerance with RFLP markers on the short arm of chromosome 1. By SFAOV, the portion of the phenotypic variance explained by genotype class (R2) for the association between npi262 and the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) measure of MSV tolerance was as high as 76% in field experiments. Interval mapping analyses (Knapp and Bridges 1990; Nelson 1997) identified the chromosome region bracketed by bnl12.06a and npi262 as explaining the largest proportion of the variation in MSV tolerance. After classification of symptom responses from the final field ratings into resistant and susceptible classes, qualitative analysis of data fit a chi-square test to a 1:1 Mendelian ratio, further indicating presence of a single major gene. Multipoint linkage analysis placed this gene, designated msv1, at a genetic distance of 3 cM distal to npi262. Identification of the tightly linked molecular marker locus npi262 should greatly aid ongoing conversion of susceptible African varieties to maize streak resistance.Key words: Zea mays L., Cicadulina spp., host resistance, gene mapping, molecular markers.

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10

S. Abirami, S. Abirami, and C. Vanniarajan C. Vanniarajan. "Biochemical Diversity in Maize." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 12 (June 1, 2012): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/dec2013/8.

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11

Deng, Siqing, Yueying Wu, Qingping Zeng, Aoni Zhang, Meijuan Duan, and Min Deng. "Effects of Cd Stress on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Maize Seedlings." Agronomy 14, no. 2 (February 16, 2024): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14020379.

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Heavy metal (HM) contamination poses a serious threat to safe crop production and human health, and different maize inbred lines respond differently to cadmium (Cd) stress. However, the morphological and physiological characteristics of maize inbred lines seedlings are not clear under Cd stress. In this study, we analyzed the agronomic traits and physiological and biochemical indices of inbred maize seedlings under Cd stress in the seedling stage using the inbred lines Kui3, CML118, Mo17, B73, and B77 as the materials. These five inbred maizes were treated with five different concentrations of Cd (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 mg L−1, respectively) were applied and the indices of the maize seedlings determined on day 15. The aboveground and belowground biomass of five maize inbred lines seedlings showed a decreasing trend under Cd stress. Leaf relative water content and SPAD values also decreased, but the overall decrease in relative water content was small, and the differences were not significant. Surprisingly, Cd stress affected the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), leading to enhanced mem-brane lipid peroxidation. The cadmium content varied greatly between varieties under Cd stress, but all of them had lower Cd content above ground than below ground, and the varieties with the highest and lowest transfer coefficients were Mo17 (0.33–0.83) and B73 (0.06–0.44), respectively. Kui3 had the greatest difference in soluble protein content under Cd stress, which showed a de-creasing trend, and the soluble sugar content was significantly decreased in general compared to that of CK. The soluble sugar content was higher than CK under Cd treatment, and the proline content of the maize seedlings of all of the inbred lines showed an increasing trend compared to CK. Overall, there were significant genotypic differences in the Cd stress response to Cd toxicity in the maize inbred lines seedlings, and, in general, this study helps us to understand the mechanism of maize inbred lines seedlings response to Cd stress. It provides a theoretical basis for the se-lection and breeding of varieties, and food safety.

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12

Kumar, Devendra, Krishna Chandra Nandi, and S. P. Singh. "Combining Ability Analysis in Maize (Zia-Maize)." Progressive Agriculture 15, no. 2 (2015): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-4615.2015.00009.5.

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13

Sytykiewicz, Hubert, Iwona Łukasik, Sylwia Goławska, and Grzegorz Chrzanowski. "Aphid-Triggered Changes in Oxidative Damage Markers of Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Lipids in Maize (Zea mays L.) Seedlings." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 15 (July 31, 2019): 3742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153742.

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Prior experiments illustrated reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction in maize plants infested with bird-cherry-oat (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) aphids. However, there is no available data unveiling the impact of aphids feeding on oxidative damages of crucial macromolecules in maize tissues. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to evaluate the scale of oxidative damages of genomic DNA, total RNA and mRNA, proteins, and lipids in seedling leaves of two maize genotypes (Złota Karłowa and Waza cvs—susceptible and relatively resistant to the aphids, respectively). The content of oxidized guanosine residues (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine; 8-OHdG) in genomic DNA, 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG) in RNA molecules, protein carbonyl groups, total thiols (T-SH), protein-bound thiols (PB-SH), non-protein thiols (NP-SH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL) levels in maze plants were determined. In addition, the electrical penetration graphs (EPG) technique was used to monitor and the aphid stylet positioning and feeding modes in the hosts. Maize seedlings were infested with 0 (control), 30 or 60 R. padi adult apterae per plant. Substantial increases in the levels of RNA, protein and lipid oxidation markers in response to aphid herbivory, but no significant oxidative damages of genomic DNA, were found. Alterations in the studied parameters were dependent on maize genotype, insect abundance and infestation time.

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Louie, R., J. K. Knoke, and W. R. Findley. "Elite Maize Germplasm: Reactions to Maize Dwarf Mosaic and Maize Chlorotic Dwarf Viruses." Crop Science 30, no. 6 (November 1990): 1210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1990.0011183x003000060010x.

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Ban, Ho-Young, Dana Sim, Kyu-Jong Lee, Junhwan Kim, Kwang Soo Kim, and Byun-Woo Lee. "Evaluating maize growth models “CERES-Maize” and “IXIM-Maize” under elevated temperature conditions." Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology 18, no. 4 (December 2015): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12892-015-0071-3.

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16

Seres, A., I. Kiss, P. Nagy, P. Sály, B. Darvas, and G. Bakonyi. "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonisation of Cry3 toxin-producing Bt maize and near isogenic maize." Plant, Soil and Environment 60, No. 12 (November 28, 2014): 569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/674/2014-pse.

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Despite the fact that, on average, approximately 5–6 metric tons/ha of Bt maize stubble enter the soil on more than 170 million of hectares worldwide, the environmental impact of genetically modified maize plants on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is poorly known. In this study, the mycorrhizal colonisation on the roots of Bt maize (DAS-59122-7) and its near isogenic line was examined during the whole vegetation period. Cry3 toxin-producing Bt maize and its near isogenic line were grown in an experimental field in Julianna-major, Nagykovácsi, Hungary. DAS-59122-7 maize produces Cry34Ab1, Cry35Ab1 toxins and pat proteins for herbicide tolerance. The study assessed whether similar arbuscular mycorrhizal colonisation can be observed on the root of the Bt and near isogenic maize line and whether there are any differences in the temporal dynamics of AMF development. The arbuscular, hyphal and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonisation were higher in the near isogenic line as compared to its Bt counterpart, but no significant effect of the maize line was found as regards vesicle colonisation. The intensity of the arbuscular infection increased over time during plant maturation. DAS-59122-7 Bt maize had a negative effect on the initial development of AMF under field conditions, but no difference was seen in the case of the last two sampling dates (day 82 and 135). The reason of the latter is still not known.

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17

Pan, Yufei. "Impacts of Conservation Reserve Programs on Maize’ Acres Planted: Evidence from Iowa, Maine, and Wisconsin." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 88 (March 29, 2024): 571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/19rdc017.

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As a matter of fact, the Conservation Reserve Programs has widely affected various issues, which has great impacts on the environment and agriculturea. With this in mind, this study delves into the multifaceted impacts of Conservation Reserve Programs (CRP) on maize acres planted in Iowa, Wisconsin, as well as Maine. To be specific, spanning the years 1984, 1985, 1986, 2000, 2010, as well as 2023, the comparative analysis presented in this research provides insights into the evolving relationship between CRP initiatives and maize cultivation in diverse agricultural landscapes. Based on the evaluations and according to the analysis, in a world grappling with climate change and the imperative of sustainable land management, the insights garnered from the diverse experiences in Iowa, Wisconsin, as well as Maine continue to guide efforts to cultivate a future where agricultural production harmonizes seamlessly with environmental stewardship. Overall, these results shed light on guiding further exploration of maize’s planting.

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18

Wessler, Sue, and Sarah Hake. "Maize Harvest." Plant Cell 2, no. 6 (June 1990): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3869110.

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Chang, Ming T., and M. Gerald Neuffer. "Maize microsporogenesis." Genome 32, no. 2 (April 1, 1989): 232–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-434.

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The use of maize (Zea mays L.) pollen for basic scientific research has been well documented, but the progression of clear cytological features of maize microsporogenesis has not been fully documented. This study was undertaken to identify cytologically the different developmental stages of maize pollen and to correlate them with morphological features of the developing maize tassel. Morphological changes in the length of the tassel, floret, and anther were recorded and correlated with six cytologically defined stages of microsporogenesis: premeiosis, meiosis, uninucleate stage, first pollen mitosis, second pollen mitosis, and mature pollen.Key words: cytogenetics, gametophyte, maize, microsporogenesis, pollen.

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Wessler, S., and S. Hake. "Maize Harvest." Plant Cell 2, no. 6 (June 1, 1990): 495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.2.6.495.

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21

Freeling, M., and D. C. Bennett. "MAIZE Adhl." Annual Review of Genetics 19, no. 1 (December 1985): 297–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ge.19.120185.001501.

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Huckell, B. B. "Maize Models." Science 257, no. 5076 (September 11, 1992): 1571–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.257.5076.1571.

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Martin, Cathie. "Maize controversy." New Scientist 216, no. 2895 (December 2012): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(12)63190-x.

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Scott, M. Paul, and Linda M. Pollak. "Transgenic Maize." Starch - Stärke 57, no. 5 (May 2005): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/star.200400396.

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May, B. P., H. Liu, E. Vollbrecht, L. Senior, P. D. Rabinowicz, D. Roh, X. Pan, et al. "Maize-targeted mutagenesis: A knockout resource for maize." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100, no. 20 (September 3, 2003): 11541–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1831119100.

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Soleri, Daniela, and David A. Cleveland. "Transgenic Maize and Mexican Maize Diversity: Risky Synergy?" Agriculture and Human Values 23, no. 1 (March 2006): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10460-005-5863-5.

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Aylor, Donald E. "Quantifying maize pollen movement in a maize canopy." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 131, no. 3-4 (August 2005): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.06.009.

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Jiang, Shoulin, Zongchao Zhao, Junsheng Li, Jinglan He, Yingen Xue, Wenwei Xu, Limin Zhang, and Fajun Chen. "Damage of Maize Borer and Maize Weevil on the Yield of Transgenic Phytase Maize." Agronomy Journal 107, no. 1 (January 2015): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj14.0366.

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Hailu, Alemayehu, Tajudin Aliyi, and Bayoush Birke. "SCREENING OF MAIZE INBRED LINES UNDER ARTIFICIAL EPIPHYTOTIC CONDITION FOR THEIR REACTION TO TURCICUM LEAF BLIGHT AND COMMON LEAF RUST." EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research 6, no. 2 (December 27, 2020): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v5i1.57.

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Common leaf rust (Puccinia sorghi Schw) and Turcicum leaf blight (Exserohilum trurcicum) is the major foliar fungal diseases of maize in Ethiopia causing yield losses in the range of 12% to 61% rely up on the genotypes. Screening was done on 178 (106 quality protein maize and 72 normal maize lines )maize inbred lines against Common leaf rust (CLR) and Turcicum leaf blight (TLB) diseases in order to know the reaction of those maize lines for two consecutive years. The experiment was conducted at Ambo plant protection research center (TLB and CLR) and Bako agricultural research center (TLB only), on station experimental fields. Out of 178 maize inbred line, 105 (53 quality protein maize and 52 normal maize lines) were evaluated for CLR; and 73 (53 quality protein maize and 20 normal maize lines) were evaluated for TLB. A randomized complete block design was used. Artificial inoculation was made twice a week for three continuous weeks, when plants were 30-45cm high (4-5 leaf stages). Among 73(53 quality protein maize and 20 normal maize lines) maize lines, resistant and susceptible responses were recorded on 42 (33 quality protein maize and 9 normal maize lines) and 3 (1 quality protein maize and 2 normal maize lines) lines for TLB disease, respectively. Out of 105 (53 quality protein maize and 52 normal maize lines) maize lines, resistant and susceptible responses were recorded on 33 (11 quality protein maize and 22 normal maize lines) and 4 (quality protein maize only) lines for CLR disease, in that order. Those selected resistance maize lines from this screening will be used in breeding program and finding of resistant maize lines for both diseases should be continued using modern screening tools as well as techniques in addition to this conventional method.

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Bhatnagar, Amit, Mahendra Singh Pal, and Veer Singh. "Productivity and Profitability of Maize Based Intercropping Systems." Madras Agricultural Journal 99, September (2012): 530–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.100132.

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To find out the most compatible legume intercrop in maize, field experiments were conducted at G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during 2007 and 2008 with six treatments viz., sole maize, maize + urdbean (2:2), maize + mungbean (2:2), maize + cowpea (2:2), maize + groundnut (2:2) and maize + soybean (2:2) in randomized block design with three replications. Maize was sown in paired row system of 45/90 cm in all the treatments. Two lines of intercrops were sown in inter-space of 90 cm between two pair. Grain yield of maize in sole crop was significantly more than intercropped with urdbean, mungbean and soybean. Though, intercropping of legumes reduced the grain yield of maize, intercropping increased the maize equivalent yield than sole maize. Maize + groundnut system recorded significantly more maize equivalent yield and was economically more viable than other maize based intercropping systems.

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Edao, Shanku, Getiso Aman, Mijena Diribi, and Ijara Fromsa. "Integration of annual forage legume with maize for better feed availability of livestock in maize dominated mixed farming system of Southern Region, Ethiopia." International Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology 8, no. 2 (June 2, 2022): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-815x.000160.

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This study was conducted at Dore Befano and Meskan district of Sidma regional state and Gurage zone of south nation, nationalities, and peoples of southern Ethiopia’s (SNNPR), where maize dominated. The trial was conducted to evaluate the outcome of under sowing lablab on the grain yield, Stover, and appropriate time and seeding rate of forage crop under sowing. The trial was implemented using a 3 by 3 factorial combination with two sole treatments in an RCBD with three replications. The treatments were sole Maize (T1). Sole forage (T2) and Maize & Forage Simultaneous with maize sowing date full Simultaneous with maize sowing date 75%, Simultaneous with maize sowing date at 50%, Maize & Forage After 15 days of maize sowing full, after 15 days of maize sowing 75%, After 15 days of maize sowing 50%, Maize & Forage After 30 days of maize sowing full, Maize & Forage After 30 days of maize sowing 75% and Maize & Forage After 30 days of maize sowing 50% T3 to T11 respectively. Under sowing of lablab with maize did not affect the grain yield of maize. Among experiments, T5 was a more appropriate seeding rate and sowing time for under sowing of lablab with maize.

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Islam, M. K., I. K. A. Nayeem, M. Z. Uddin, M. M. Rahman, and M. M. Hossain. "Productivity of intercropping maize with ginger at varying row spacing." Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research 28, no. 02 (December 2021): 2374–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18801/jbar.280221.288.

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The experiment was conducted at Spices Research Sub-Center, BARI, Lalmonirhat in two consecutive years, 2015-16 and 2016-17, to observe the productivity and profitability of intercropping maize with ginger. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were T1: 2 row ginger + 1 row maize (66% ginger + 40% maize), T2: 3 row ginger + 1 row maize (75% ginger + 30% maize), T3: 4 row ginger + 1 row maize (80% ginger + 24% maize), T4: 1 row maize on 3rd ginger row side (100% ginger + 40% maize), T5: 1 row maize on 4th ginger row side (100% ginger + 30% maize), T6: 1 row maize on 5th ginger row side (100% ginger + 24% maize), T7: Sole maize (60cm × 25cm), T8: Sole ginger (50cm × 25cm). Maize was intercropped twice- after harvesting 1st planted maize again, maize was planted into the ginger field. Significant differences were exposed among the treatments regarding yield and intercrop efficiency. Higher ginger equivalent yield (GEY), gross return, gross margin and benefit cost ratio (BCR) were observed in T4, T5 and T6 where maize was planted on 3rd, 4th and 5th ginger row with 100% ginger and in T3 where maize was planted after 4 row ginger. Among those T6 was the most productive and profitable.

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ANUSHEELA.V, ANUSHEELA V., A. R. MUTHIAH A.R.MUTHIAH, and A. JOHNJOEL A.JOHNJOEL. "Heterosis in Quality Protein Maize." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 11 (June 1, 2012): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/nov2013/6.

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Pajic, Zorica, Milica Radosavljevic, Milomir Filipovic, Goran Todorovic, Jelena Srdic, and Milovan Pavlov. "Breeding of speciality maize for industrial purposes." Genetika 42, no. 1 (2010): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1001057p.

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The breeding programme on speciality maize with specific traits was established at the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, several decades ago. The initial material was collected, new methods applying to breeding of speciality maize, i.e. popping maize, sweet maize and white-seeded maize, were introduced. The aim was to enhance and improve variability of the initial material for breeding these three types of maize. Then, inbred lines of good combining abilities were developed and used as components for deriving new superior popping maize hybrids, sweet maize hybrids and white-seeded maize hybrids. Breeding was aimed at the increase of the popping volume of new inbred lines and hybrids of popping maize, then at the improvement of quality of popped kernels - flakes, and at yield increasing. Furthermore, the aim was to improve quality of sweet maize for different purposes, industrial processing and consumption as fresh food and also to improve yield and quality of white-seeded maize. As a result of such breeding, 28, 11 and 9 sweet maize, popping maize and white-seeded maize hybrids were released, respectively.

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Ariyanti, Diah, Any Suryantini, and Masyhuri Masyhuri. "PERMINTAAN JAGUNG SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU INDUSTRI PAKAN TERNAK DI INDONESIA." Agro Ekonomi 15, no. 1 (January 20, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jae.18167.

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The objectives of this research are to know the factors influencingdomestic maize demand, import maize demand, and total maize demand asraw material for feed industry in Indonesia, also their trend at five yearslater. The research use time series data. during 1976-2004. Simultaneousequations used to analyze domestic and import maize demand as rawmaterial for feed industry in Indonesia, while ordinary least square (OLS)used to analyze total maize demand as raw material for feed industry inIndonesia. The results show that domestic maize demand influenced negatively by maize domestic price and influenced positively by soybean cake import price, and trend of time. Cowpopulation, maize import price, and soybean cake import price influence import maize demand negatively, while fowl population and trend of time influence import maize demand positively. Total maize demand for feed industry in Indonesia positively influenced by soybean cake import price and cow population, and negatively influenced by maize domestic price. Soybean cake iscomplementary good for domestic maize and total maize, but becomesubstitution good for import maize. The trend of maize demand, includingdomestic and import maize demand, as raw material for feed industry inIndonesia increasing in the future.

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Naher, Q., SMR Karim, M. Begum, and MA Hossain. "Production Potential and Weed Dynamics in Maize + Legumes Intercropping System." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 23, no. 2 (March 15, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v23i2.52447.

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The experiment was carried out at the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur during summer season of 2012 to identify suitable legume crops for growing with maize in a maize + legume intercropping system for better weed suppression, system productivity and economic benefits in kharif season. There were 17 treatments, viz.T1= Sole maize (no weeding), T2= Maize + Mungbean (no weeding), T3= Maize + Mungbean (weeding at 20 DAE), T4= Maize + Mungbean (weeding at 40 DAE), T5= Maize + Mungbean (weeding at 20 and 40 DAE), T6= Maize + Soybean (no weeding), T7= Maize + Soybean (weeding at 20 DAE), T8= Maize + Soybean (weeding at 40 DAE), T9= Maize + Soybean (weeding at 20 and 40 DAE), T10= Maize + Blackgram (no weeding), T11= Maize + Blackgram (weeding at 20 DAE), T12= Maize + Blackgram (weeding at 40 DAE), T13= Maize + Blackgram (weeding at 20 and 40 DAE) T14 =Sole maize (weed free), T15= Sole Mungbean (weed free), T16= Sole Soybean (weed free) and T17= Sole Blackgram (weed free) were studied. Intercropping systems significantly reduced the weed population and weed dry biomass in comparison to sole cropping of maize under unweeded situation. Among the three different intercropping systems, maize + mungbean with two hand weedings produced the lowest weed dry weight (184.30 g at 20 DAE and 14.07 g at 40 DAE) and the highest weed control efficiency (87% at 40 DAE) followed by maize + soybean and maize + blackgram intercropping systems. The highest grain yield was obtained from weed free sole maize (8.05 t ha-1) than unweeded sole maize (6.48 t ha-1) treatment. Among all intercropping, maize + mungbean along with two hand weedings gave the highest yield (maize: 7.18 t ha-1; 572.6 kg ha-1 mungbean), resource complementarity and profitability (MEY = 10.62 t ha-1, LER = 1.81 and BCR = 2.47). From the study it was concluded that maize + mungbean with two hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAE would be the best in reducing weed growth, producing maximum yield and getting net return in intercropping systems during kharif season. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 1-12

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Thủy, Vì Thị Xuân, Lò Thị Mai Thu, Hồ Mạnh Tường, Lê Văn Sơn, Nguyễn Vũ Thanh Thanh, and Chu Hoàng Mậu. "Characteristics of defensin1 gene and designing structure to create resistant transgenic corn lines to weevils." Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 14, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/14/2/9353.

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Plant defensins are multifunctional proteins, inhibiting the growth of fungal, anti-bacterial, altering membrane channels, inhibiting activity of trypsin and α-amylase. Plant defensin consists of 18 groups in which the group 1 includes defensins to inhibit either α-amylase enzyme or trypsin. Defensins bind to the active site of α-amylase in the weevil gut, thus inhibit starch digestion in weevils. In this report, we present the results of cloning and determining the ZmDEF1 gene sequence isolated from mRNA and DNA of Sonla province local maize and LVN99 hybrid maize cultivar. The coding region of ZmDEF1 gene isolated from some maize samples had the size of 243 nucleotides, encoding 80 amino acids. Gen ZmDEF1 isolated from DNA had the size 345bp consists of two exons and one in tron (102 bp). The nucleotide sequences of ZmDEF1 gene (DNA) of the samples have 6 positions nucleotide difference, on exon 1 has two points difference (position 43, 53), on intron has a difference (position 150), on exon 2 has 3 nucleotide site difference (203, 263 and 297 position). Deduced amino acid sequences of defensin of the Sonla local maize sample has 8 cysteines to make 4 disulfide bridges, while LVN99 hybrid maize has 7 cysteines, which can formed only 3 disulfide bridges. Transformation vector pBetaPhaso-ZmDEF1 has been designed successfully, in which ZmDEF1 is controlled by seed specific Phasoline promoter. The correct insertion and expression of ZmDEF1 was examinated in transgenic tobacco plants throught PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. These results provide an firm evident for using the designed transformation vector to produce transgenic maỉze lines with an improved resistant ability to weevils.

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Kumar, Jaswinder, Thakar Singh, and Som Pal Singh. "Enhancing productivity of spring maize (Zea mays) with intercrops and row-orientations." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 6 (September 14, 2020): 1097–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i6.104774.

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A research experiment was conducted on spring maize (Zea mays L.) in a split-plot design with two row orientations in main plots and nine intercropping including sole systems in sub plots during 2016-17 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Row orientation did not significantly influence the growth and yield of spring maize. Spring maize equivalent yield and net returns recorded from various intercropping systems remained at par with north-south and east-west row orientation. Spring maize + spring groundnut intercropping system recorded significant higher growth and development parameters of spring maize and remained at par with spring maize + summer squash, sole spring maize and spring maize + maize (fodder) but significantly higher than spring maize + spinach. Spinach recorded highest value of aggressively (0.42) and gave maximum competition to spring maize. Spring maize equivalent yield, net returns, land equivalent ratio and area time equivalent ratio were significantly higher under spring maize + summer squash system as compared to all other systems. Spring maize + summer squash proved highly productive, profitable and viable intercropping system which gave 92.4% higher spring maize equivalent yield and ` 60200 ha-1 higher net returns in comparison to sole spring maize.

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Orzech, Krzysztof, Maria Wanic, and Dariusz Załuski. "Gas Exchanges in the Leaves of Silage Maize Depending on the Forecrop and Maize Development Stage." Agronomy 12, no. 2 (February 4, 2022): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020396.

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Crop rotation is an important factor limiting maize productivity in a sustainable farming system. A field trial was conducted to investigate: (i) whether the cultivation of silage maize in a short (2-year) crop rotation in succession after a grassland (grassland-maize), winter triticale (winter triticale-maize), or after maize (maize-maize) will affect the course of the photosynthetic process; (ii) whether these processes will be determined by the stage of maize development; and (iii) whether there is a relationship between gas exchange parameters, foliage characteristics, and silage maize yield. The study was carried out in the years 2017–2018 at the stages (BBCH): stem elongation (36) and flowering (65). Gas exchange parameters, features of foliage development, and the maize yield were evaluated. It was demonstrated that photosynthesis of maize grown after grassland was more efficient than after triticale and maize (higher stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, and lower temperature). This result obtained by growing maize after grassland resulted in more favourable foliage characteristics (leaf area, leaf area index, chlorophyll content) and translated into a higher yield volume than after triticale and maize. The obtained results confirmed the positive role of grassland as a forecrop for maize compared to growing maize after winter triticale and after maize.

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Thalli Satyanarayana Deepak, Thalli Satyanarayana Deepak, and Padmanabhan Appukuttan Jayadeep Padmanabhan Appukuttan Jayadeep. "Prospects of Maize (Corn) Wet Milling By-Products as a Source of Functional Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals." Food Technology and Biotechnology 60, no. 1 (November 16, 2021): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17113/ftb.60.01.22.7340.

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Maize (corn) consists of germ, endosperm and pericarp, with different chemical compositions. During wet milling, the maize is disintegrated into the main product starch and by-products, including maize germ, maize fibre and maize gluten (the technical term for maize/corn endosperm-specific proteins and not the same as wheat gluten). These by-products are used as low-value animal feed products. The maize germ contains high amounts of tocols and phospholipids, the maize gluten is rich in carotenoids and the maize fibre fraction is rich in phytosterols and complex carbohydrates. Each by-product has a potential to serve as a precursor in the manufacture of functional food ingredients or nutraceuticals that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolaemic, hypolipidaemic and hypoglycaemic properties. These food ingredients/nutraceuticals can be obtained through physical, chemical or enzymatic processes. Some nutraceuticals and food ingredients with market potential include maize/corn fibre gum, oil, arabinoxylans and xylooligosaccharides from maize fibre; maize germ oil and phospholipid ester from maize germ; and carotenoids and oligopeptides from maize gluten. This review focuses on current and prospective research into the use of maize germ, maize fibre and maize gluten in the production of potentially high-quality food ingredients or nutraceuticals.

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Naik, MSP, V. Sumathi, and L. Kadiri. "Response of optimum nitrogen rate in maize with legume intercropping system." SAARC Journal of Agriculture 15, no. 1 (July 29, 2017): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v15i1.33158.

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A field experiment was conducted at S.V. Agricultural College farm (ANGRAU), Tirupati, India during rabi, 2009-10. The experiment was consisted of five system treatments (sole maize at 60 x 20 cm sowing, sole maize in skipped row sowing, maize in skipped row + greengram, maize in skipped row + blackgram and maize in skipped row + cluster bean) and three nitrogen doses (100, 75 and 50% recommended dose of nitrogen). The treatment combinations were laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications. Yield attributes and grain yield of maize were maximum with sole maize at 60x20cm spacing but at par with maize + cluster bean, maize + blackgram and maize + greengram intercropping system. The lowest parameters were observed with sole maize sown in skipped rows. All the parameters were maximum with the application of 100% recommended dose of nitrogen to maize, but comparable with that of 75%. The maize equivalent yield, land equivalent ratio and benefit cost ratio were higher with maize + cluster bean intercropping as compared to other treatments. The result revealed that among the different maize intercropping systems tested, maize in skipped rows + cluster bean with 75% recommended dose of nitrogen to maize was found economically profitable.SAARC J. Agri., 15(1): 139-148 (2017)

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Nazrul, MI. "Agro-Economic Performance of Intercropping Hybrid Maize with Vegetables and Spices at Farmer’s Field." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 21, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v21i2.44495.

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The experiment was conducted at Multi Location Testing (MLT) site, Moulvibazar, Bangladesh during rabi season of 2016-17 and 2017-18 to study the profitability of intercropping of hybrid maize with vegetables and spices. Five intercrop combinations of hybrid maize along with sole maize were arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated six times. There were six treatments viz., T1: Maize + potato, T2: Maize + red amaranth, T3: Maize + spinach, T4: Maize+ data shak, T5: Maize + coriander and T6: Maize as sole. The grain yield of maize in intercropped combination varied significantly. The highest grain yield (9.71 t ha-1) was in sole maize. The highest maize equivalent yield 15.60 t ha-1 was recorded from the treatment T1 (100% maize + potato) whereas the lowest yield (8.61 t ha-1) was obtained from the treatment T6 (sole maize). The highest gross return (Tk. 312000 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (3.29) was obtained from the treatment T1 (100% maize + potato). On the contrary, the lowest gross margin (Tk. 101600 ha-1) was obtained from treatment T2 (maize + red amaranth). It revealed that the combination of maize with potato was more compatible and profitable intercropping system in Sylhet region of Bangladesh Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(2): 73-78

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Pajic, Zorica. "Breeding of maize types with specific traits at the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje." Genetika 39, no. 2 (2007): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr0702169p.

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Maize is primarily grown as an energy crop, but the use of different specific versions, such as high-oil maize, high-lysine maize, waxy maize, white-seeded maize, popping maize and sweet maize, is quite extensive. Speciality maize, due to its traits and genetic control of these traits, requires a particular attention in handling breeding material during the processes of breeding. It is especially related to prevention of uncontrolled pollination. In order to provide successful selection for a certain trait, the following specific procedures in evaluation of the trait are necessary: the estimation of a popping volume and flake quality in popping maize; the determination of sugars and harvest maturity in sweet maize; the determination of oil in selected samples of high-oil maize types, and so forth. Breeding programmes for speciality maize, except high-amylose maize, have been implemented at the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade, for the last 45 years. A great number of high-yielding sweet maize hybrids, popping maize, high-oil and high-lysine, flint and white-seeded maize hybrids were developed during this 45-year period. Auspicious selection and breeding for these traits is facilitated by the abundant genetic variability and technical and technological possibilities necessary for successful selection.

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Yang, Jia, Jixiao Cui, Ziqin Lv, Mengmeng Ran, Beibei Sun, Peng Sui, and Yuanquan Chen. "Will Maize-Based Cropping Systems Reduce Water Consumption without Compromise of Food Security in the North China Plain?" Water 12, no. 10 (October 21, 2020): 2946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12102946.

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The winter wheat–summer maize double cropping system caused overexploitation of groundwater in the North China Plain; it is unsustainable and threatens food security and the overall wellbeing of humankind in the region. Finding water-saving cropping systems without compromising food security is a more likely solution. In this study, six alternative cropping systems’ water conservation and food supply capacity were compared simultaneously. A combined water footprint method was applied to analyze the cropping systems’ water consumption. The winter wheat–summer maize system had the largest water consumption (16,585 m3/ha on average), followed by the potato/spring maize, spinach–spring maize, rye–spring maize, vetch–spring maize, pea/spring maize, soybean||spring maize and mono-spring maize cropping systems. For the groundwater, the spinach–spring maize, pea/spring maize, soybean||spring maize systems showed a higher degree of synchronization between crop growth period and rainfall, which could reduce use of groundwater by 36.8%, 54.4% and 57.6%, respectively. For food supply capacity, the values for spinach–spring maize, pea/spring maize, soybean||spring maize systems were 73.0%, 60.8% and 48.4% of winter wheat–summer maize, respectively, but they showed a better feeding efficiency than the winter wheat–summer maize system. On the whole, spinach–spring maize may be a good option to prevent further decline in groundwater level and to ensure food security in a sustainable way.

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Bbosa, Denis, Thomas J. Brumm, Carl J. Bern, Kurt A. Rosentrater, and D. Raj Raman. "Effect of Blending Amaranth Grain with Maize Kernels on Maize Weevil Control during Storage." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 2 (2020): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13614.

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HighlightsMixing amaranth grain and maize is a promising pesticide-free method for controlling maize weevils in stored maize.A 1:1 mixture by volume of maize and amaranth reduced the number of live weevils by 66% after 160 d of storage as compared to maize stored without amaranth.A further reduction in live weevils could be achieved by completely covering all maize kernels with a layer of amaranth.Insect-infested maize-amaranth mixtures had reduced spoilage due to mold during storage as compared to insect-infested maize stored without amaranth.Abstract. Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) is used as a vegetable, food, forage, and sometimes an ornamental. Amaranth grain has higher protein content than other cereals, making it a good choice for human consumption. Maize is among the three most widely grown grains in the world, but it can experience large postharvest losses during storage due to infestation by the maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais). Due to the small size of amaranth seeds, this study postulated that amaranth grain can be blended with maize during storage to fill the intergranular spaces between maize kernels, reducing the overall void volume to minimize maize weevil movements to access the kernels, and thereby controlling the maize weevil population. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects on maize weevil control of blending maize with amaranth grain during storage versus storing maize alone. Three 208 L (55 gal) steel barrels were loaded with 160 kg (353 lb) of maize, and three were loaded with a maize-amaranth mixture (1:1 by volume), all with initial weevil populations of 25 live weevils per kg of maize. Blending maize with amaranth for storage reduced the number of live weevils after 160 days by 66% compared to storing maize alone. Additional reduction of live weevils could be accomplished if the maize were completely covered by amaranth grain, further restricting maize weevil access to the maize kernels. Keywords: Broken corn and foreign material, Insects, Insect infestation, Mechanical damage, Moisture content, Postharvest losses, Relative humidity, Temperature, Test weight.

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Olawuyi, Odunayo Joseph, Aishat Omotayo Azeez, and Abeeb Abiodun Azeez. "Improvement of Provitamin A in Maize Varieties Using Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus, Glomus clarum." Bio-Research 19, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 1227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/br.v19i1.6.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF, Glomus clarum) has been used widely as a bio-amendment and bio-control agent in several biotechnological studies. In this study, biofortification of maize with provitamin A using AMF was investigated. Five maize varieties (V1 = white drought-resistant maize, V2= yellow provitamin A maize, V3= white drought-tolerant maize, V4= yellow striga-resistant maize and V5= white striga-resistant maize) were evaluated in a screen house experiment laid out in a completely randomized design with three treatments: T1 = maize + AMF before planting, T2 = maize + AMF, inoculated two weeks after planting and T3 (control) = maize only, and four replications. The result showed that AMF significantly (p<0.05, p = 0.0029) increased the provitamin A level of the maize varieties. White drought-tolerant maize (V3) had the highest provitamin A content (581.57 µg) after harvest, while the least (288.33 µg) was found in white drought-resistant maize (V1). Also, the effect of the treatments on the growth traits (plant height, leaf length, number of leaves per plant) of the maize varieties was highly significant. Therefore, AMF could be considered in breeding maize with high provitamin A content and improved morphological characters.

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Ali, MR, MS Rahman, M. Asaduzzaman, MM Hossain, and MA Mannan. "Intercropping Maize with Different Vegetables." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 18, no. 1 (November 5, 2015): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v18i1.25566.

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An intercropping experiment was conducted in the farmers field at Farming Systems Research and Development (FSRD) Site, Kushumhati, Sherpur in sandy loam soil of medium high land during rabi season 2011-12 to observe the productivity and economic feasibility of intercropping systems as compare3d to sole crop (viz. maize + potato, maize + Radish, maize-+-coriander, maize + bushbean, maize + spinach, maize + lalshak and maize sole). The result indicated that grain yield of maize was reduced due to intercropping systems but this reduction was compensated by intercropped. The highest grain yield of maize was found from sole maize (10.90 t ha-1) and lowest (9.32 t ha-1) from intercropped with potato. The maximum maize equivalent yield (14.04 t ha-1), gross return (Tk.10,5300/ha),gross margin (Tk. 75,527/ ha),, and benefit cost ratio (BCR) (3.54) was obtained from maize + bushbean intercropping systems which was adventitious over sole maize cropping.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2015, 18(1): 49-52

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Bashir, Moneesa, Syed Ansarul-Haq, Waseem Raja, A A Saad1, Tsultim Palmo, Tanveer Ahmad Ahngar, Haziq Shabir, Gulzar Ah. Bhat, Raheeba Tun Nisa, and Idrees Mohammad. "Productivity and profitability of fodder-maize legume mixtures under rainfed temperate condition of Kashmir." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 29 (2023): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03s.056.

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A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2018 to study the effect of different fodder maize-legume mixtures on productivity and profitability. The experiment comprised of 10 treatments of fodder maize and fodder legumes with three sole treatments of maize, cowpea and soybean, four intercropped treatments of maize-cowpea and maize-soybean in ratios of 1:1 and 2:1 and three mixed cropped treatments of maize- cowpea, maize-soybean (70% and 30%) and maize, cowpea and soybean (70%, 15%, 15%). Results revealed that system productivity and benefit-cost ratio of sole fodder maize were comparable to the intercropping of fodder maize with soybean in 2:1 row ratio.

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Naher, Q., and MA Hossain. "Light Interception and Productivity of Maize Intercropped With Legumes in Kharif Season." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 24, no. 2 (February 3, 2022): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v24i2.58021.

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The experiment was carried out at the Bangladesh Agricultural Research institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur during 2012 to evaluate the intercepted PAR in maize intercropped withlegumein comparison to monoculture for better weed suppression, productivity and economic benefits in kharif season. There were 17 treatments in the experiment viz., T1= Sole maize (no weeding), T2= Maize + Mungbean (no weeding), T3= Maize + Mungbean (weeding at 20 DAE), T4= Maize + Mungbean (weeding at 40 DAE), T5= Maize + Mungbean (weeding at 20 and 40 DAE), T6= Maize + Soybean (no weeding), T7= Maize + Soybean (weeding at 20 DAE), T8= Maize + Soybean (weeding at 40 DAE), T9= Maize + Soybean (weeding at 20 and 40 DAE), T10= Maize + Blackgram (no weeding), T11= Maize + Blackgram( weeding at 20 DAE), T12= Maize + Blackgram( weeding at 40 DAE), T13= Maize + Blackgram (weeding at 20 and 40 DAE) T14 =Sole maize (weed free), T15= Sole Mungbean (weed free), T16=Sole Soybean (weed free) and T17= Sole Blackgram (weed free).The results showed that PAR was significantly affected by cropping system, where it was higher in intercropping systems compared to sole crop . Regarding weed control, intercrops were more effective than sole crops and it was related to lower availability of PAR for weeds in intercropping systems. The highest grain yield (8.05 t ha-1). was obtained from weed free sole maize Among all intercropping, maize + mungbean along with two hand weeding gave the highest yield (maize: 7.18 t ha-1; 572.6 kg ha-1 mungbean), maize equivalent yield (MEY) = 12.49t ha-1and BCR = 2.84). From the study it can be concluded that maize mungbean intercropping with two hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAE would be the best in reducing weed growth, producing maximum yield and net return in intercropping systems under kharif season. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(2): 137-149

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Lawrence, Eleanor. "The maize maze." Nature, March 18, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/news990318-3.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Maize'

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