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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Maize'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Liu, Huanting. "Molecular biology of maize streak virus movement in maize." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361478.

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2

Obopile, Motshwari. "INTERACTIONS AMONG MAIZE PHENOLOGIES, TRANSGENIC BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS MAIZE AND SEED TREATMENT FOR MANAGEMENT OF PESTS AND DISEASES OF MAIZE." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243020914.

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3

Some, D. K. A. "Ambient drying of maize." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370637.

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4

Van, der Merwe Belinda. "Maize porridge starch digestibility." Diss., University of Pretoria, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23282.

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5

Johnson, Hazel Eileen. "Reproduction, exchange relations and food insecurity : maize production and maize markets in Honduras." Thesis, Open University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295260.

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6

Knox, Elizabeth. "Mixed infections of maize dwarf mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus in maize." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21898.

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Bibliography : pages 218-230.
Maize plants collected in three geographically distinct regions of South Africa were found to be doubly infected with maize dwarf mosaic (MDMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). A mixed infection of these two viruses could be maintained in maize plants grown under laboratory conditions. The possibility of synergism or of an interference mechanism between MDMV and CMV in dual infections was investigated and it was found that prior infection with CMV interfered with subsequent infection by MDMV. MDMV and CMV were shown to be non-persistently transmitted by Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi and Rhopalosipbum maidis aphids. Protoplasts were isolated from maize seedlings and could be viably maintained for up to 66 hours. The maize protoplasts were infected with CMV and MDMV either singly, or together as a mixed inoculum. Infection curves for each virus were plotted. The presence of CMV in a mixed inoculum appeared to prevent infection of the protoplasts by MDMV. Protoplasts were isolated from plants systemically infected with CMV and/or MDMV. Superinfection of protoplasts prepared from CMV infected seedlings with MDMV was not possible. As a possible vehicle for virus infection of protoplasts liposomes were produced. Initially fluorescent dyes were incorporated in them. These were fused to the maize protoplasts. Attempts were made to encapsulate virus particles in the liposomes and fuse them to maize protoplasts but this was not successful.
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7

Kyetere, Denis Tumwesigye. "Genetic basis of tolerance in maize to maize streak virus using molecular markers /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487862399448385.

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8

Changa, Charles Mwesigye. "Evaluation of maize streak geminivirus resistance in maize germplasm by vascular puncture inoculation /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487952208109718.

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9

Serratos, H. J. Antonio. "Resistance of indigenous races of maize to infestation by maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5361.

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10

Guo, Ling. "Bioinformatics in maize genome research." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.

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11

Laurens, Lieve M. L. "Starch metabolism in maize leaves." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433600.

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12

Ameobi, John Babatope. "Maize drying with ambient air." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386835.

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13

Khan, Asif Ali. "Breeding maize for stress tolerance." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366240.

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14

Buckler, Edward St Clair. "Maize domestication and molecular evolution /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9842511.

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15

Dilkes, Brian R. "Analysis of maize endosperm endoreduplication." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289871.

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During maize endosperm development, the cell cycle in the majority of cells switches from a mitotic to an endoreduplication cell cycle. This results in cells of varying ploidies within the tissue, and is presumed to be a factor in its rapid growth. Investigating the inheritance of variation in endoreduplication in maize endosperm will begin to elucidate the genetic mechanisms controlling it. It has been hypothesized that retinoblastoma-related proteins (RRBs) negatively regulate the G1/S transition during both mitotic and endoreduplication cell cycles. Testing this hypothesis in both mitotic cells and endoreduplicating endosperm cells will further our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating endoreduplication. Flow cytometry was used to assess the variability of endoreduplication in endosperms of maize inbred lines. High levels of endoreduplication were observed in popcorns relative to Midwestern dent corns. To study the genetic regulation of endoreduplication, four inbreds were crossed to B73 and developing endosperms from parental, reciprocal F1, and backcross generations were subjected to flow cytometric analysis. Maternal zygotic effects, often considered a form of parental imprinting, and maternal sporophytic effects were detected. To test the feasibility of introgressing a high endoreduplication phenotype into a Midwestern dent inbred line, a backcross population was generated using B73 as the reciprocal parent and the popcorn Sg18. The heritabilities calculated from an analysis of the backcross population generally agree with the values calculated in the larger crossing experiments. The Wheat Dwarf Virus RepA protein binds RRBs and is predicted to activate the cell cycle. RepA and the maize RRB, ZmRb1, were tested for cell cycle regulatory activity in tobacco BY-2 cells and determined to be an activator and repressor, respectively. The effect of RepA on endoreduplication was evaluated in both mitotically-active maize callus cultures and developing endosperms. Flow cytometric measurements of nuclear ploidy showed that RepA expression was sufficient to convert a mitotic into an endoreduplication cell cycle in calli but had no discernable effect on endopolyploidy in developing endosperm by 18-days after pollination (DAP).
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16

Siame, John Andrew. "Nitrogen response of maize and maize-bean intercropping systems on acidic Oxisols in northern Zambia." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296908.

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17

Maende, Cleophas Makokha. "An application of a model of maize growth to maize production by smallholders in Kenya." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240744.

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18

Cass, Lionel. "Maize marketing strategies : the trade-off between risk and profit for a Mpumalanga maize farm." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27205.

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South Africa has become, after deregulation, part of the global village. This brought about many business opportunities, but with it came many challenges with respect to grain marketing. It is well-known facts that the marketing of grain has become quite a challenge in S.A. South African producers do not receive support from government as far as input subsidies and significant import tariffs are concerned and have to make sure that they stay ahead of rising input costs in order to produce maize on a profitable basis. It is therefore extremely important for any maize farmer in South Africa to make use of the best grain marketing strategies at his or her disposal. Choosing the best grain marketing strategy will not only assist the producers to receive the best price for their produce, but will also serve as a very effective risk mitigation strategy. The general objective of the study is to examine different marketing strategies and to determine the optimal maize marketing strategy for a representative farm located in the Mpumalanga Highveld for a specific season under volatile marketing and environmental conditions. A representative farm for the Mpumalanga Highveld is constructed, based on production data, budgeted financial statements, general financial management and the complete farm setup as obtained from a farmer study group located in the district of Middelburg, Mpumalanga Highveld, The most general maize marketing strategies available for the representative farm is identified and discussed as far as each of their advantages and disadvantages are concerned. The complete farm setup for the representative farm is used to develop a budgeting and maize marketing model. This is done in conjunction with three different scenarios, which cover the most frequent circumstances in which producers can find themselves. With the help of this model, the optimal marketing strategies are determined which yields the optimal profit and minimize price risk for the representative farm. Copyright
Dissertation (MSc(Agric))--University of Pretoria, 2009.
Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development
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19

Fernando, M. S. D. "Traction induced compaction of maize powder." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/38311.

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20

Govinden, Noël. "Intercropping of sugar cane with maize." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4994.

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21

Clark, Craig Andrew. "Numerical simulations of maize pollen dispersal." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.

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22

Clayton, Helen. "Carbohydrate oxidation in maize bundle sheath." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335719.

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23

Njoroge, Kiarie. "Earliness and yield in Katumani maize." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305695.

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24

Prasad, Ram Briksh. "Maize and soybean intercropping in Nepal." Thesis, Bangor University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288136.

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25

Dixon, David Peter. "Glutathione transferases in maize (Zea mays)." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4788/.

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The glutathione transferases (GSTs) of maize have been the most studied GSTs in plants, however much is still not known about these enzymes. In the course of the current study six GST subunits (Zm GSTs I, II and III, which have been reported previously, and Zm GSTs V, VI and VII, which have not been previously reported) have been identified in the dimers Zm GST I-I, I-II, I-III, V-V, V-VI and V-VII. Maize GSTs are known to be important in herbicide detoxification and the purified maize enzymes were each found to have differing activities toward a number of herbicides, and also a range of other potential GST substrates. Additionally, Zm GST I II and Zm GST V-V possessed glutathione peroxidase activity. The developmental regulation and chemical inducibility of maize GSTs were studied in maize seedlings using western blotting, with different subunits showing markedly different responses. Zm GST I was constitutively present in all plant parts and unaffected by chemical treatment, Zm GST II was only detected in young roots but was induced in roots and shoots by many different chemical treatments, and Zm GST V was present at low levels throughout maize plants, with levels enhanced greatly by treatment with the safener dichlormid but not by other chemicals tested. cDNA clones corresponding to Zm GST subunits I, III, V, VI and VII were isolated by library screening using antibody or DNA probes. The cDNA sequences for Zm GST subunits V, VI and VH were different from those of previously cloned type I (theta class) maize GSTs and were most similar to the auxin-regulated GST family (type III or tau class GSTs) previously only identified in dicotyledonous species. The cloned GSTs were expressed as recombinant proteins in E. coli, allowing further characterisation, including detailed kinetic analysis for recombinant Zm GST I-I and Zm GST V-V.
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26

Streibel, Amelie. "Maize transplanting studies in southern England." Thesis, University of Reading, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306773.

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27

Elmezoghi, Saleh Mohamed. "Physiology of salinity tolerance in maize." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433774.

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28

Martin, Darren Patrick. "Maize Streak Virus: diversity and virulence." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6667.

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Zea mays was first introduced to Africa in Ghana by Portuguese traders in the 16th century. The steady spread of maize cultivation since then has made it the most important cereal crop in Africa today. Whereas improved maize genotypes and agricultural techniques enable yearly yields above 10 tons hectare-1 in the developed world, yearly yields across Africa have remained low at about 1 ton hectare-1 in most countries. Although outmoded agricultural practices are the main reason for poor yields, maize pathogens inflict substantial additional losses. Of the many pathogens currently confronting maize farmers in Africa, Maize streak virus (MSV) is the most significant.
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29

Braidwood, Luke Anthony. "Engineering resistance to maize lethal necrosis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273678.

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Modern agriculture is dependent on both global supply chains and crop monocultures. These features aid the evolution and spread of novel plant pathogens. Limited genetic diversity in commercial crop lines can result in widespread susceptibility to emerging pathogens. Pathogen resistance may be developed through conventional breeding approaches, or a number of transgenic strategies. This thesis focuses on the characterisation of an emerging maize disease, Maize lethal necrosis (MLN), and engineering resistant maize lines using an artificial microRNA (amiRNA) approach. MLN is a synergistic viral disease caused by the interaction of Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) with any maize-infecting member of the potyviridae. I used next-generation RNA sequencing to characterise the MLN outbreak in East Africa, discovering that local and Chinese strains of the potyvirus Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) typically coinfect with MCMV. A first global MCMV phylogeny was constructed using these samples combined with new Sanger sequencing of samples in Ecuador and Hawaii. The phylogeny supported previous hypotheses of a link between the Chinese and African outbreaks, and suggested a novel link between the Hawaiian and Ecuadorian outbreaks. The SCMV sequences generated demonstrated strong evidence of extensive recombination, in line with previous reports on SCMV and potyviruses. These data also produced first reports of a number of RNA viruses in East Africa, and five novel viral-like sequences, with their presence confirmed by RT-PCR. RNA silencing is an important component of the plant immune response to viral infection. amiRNAs can be used to generate specific and effective viral resistance through Watson- Crick base pairing between the amiRNA and the (RNA) viral genome. Previous amiRNA approaches have targeted invariable genomic regions using consensus sequences. However, the high mutation rate of RNA viruses means single cells contain a variety of mutant genomes, collectively called a quasispecies. To deter the evolution of resistance breaking I devised a novel strategy to include intra-sample variation from NGS data in amiRNA design, and constructs, each containing five of these amiRNAs, were transformed into tropical maize lines. RNA silencing may be hampered by the expression of viral suppressors of silencing (VSRs). Local VSR assays demonstrated that there are no local VSRs in the MCMV genome, while systemic VSR assays showed a possible systemic VSR role for the unique P32 protein, and an interesting link between photoperiod and systemic silencing more generally.
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30

Baloyi, Rebecca Tshilambilu. "Technical efficiency in maize production by small-scale farmers in Ga-Mothiba, Limpopo Province, South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1419.

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Thesis (M.Agric. (Agricultural Economics)) -- University of Limpopo
Maize is the most important cereal crop grown in South Africa. This crop is produced throughout the country under diverse environments. The study only focuses on the technical efficiency because it is an important subject in developing agriculture where resources are limited, but high population growth is very common. Technical efficiency is the ability of a farmer to obtain output from a given set of physical inputs. Farmers have a tendency of under and/or overutilising the factors of production. The main aim of this study was to analyse the technical efficiency of small-scale maize producers in Ga-Mothiba rural community of Limpopo Province. The objective of the study was to determine the level of technical efficiency of smallscale maize producers and to identify the socio-economic characteristics that influence technical efficiency of small-scale maize producers in Ga-Mothiba. Purposive and Snowball sampling techniques were used to collect primary data from 120 small-scale farmers. Cobb-Douglas production function was used to determine the level of technical efficiency and Logistic regression model was used to analyse the variables that have influence the technical efficiency of maize production. Cobb-Douglas results reveal that small-scale farmers in Ga-Mothiba are experiencing technical inefficiency in maize production due to the decreasing return to scale, which means they are over-utilising factors of production. Logistic regression results indicate that out of 13 variables included in the analysis as socio-economic factors, 10 of them (level of education, income of the household on monthly basis, farmer`s farming experience, farm size, cost of tractor hours, fertiliser application, purchased hybrid maize seeds, membership to farmers` organisation, is maize profitable) were found to be significant and 3 (gender, age and hired labour) are non-significant. However, farm size was found to be the most significant variable at 99% level, showing a positive relationship to smallscale maize producer`s technical efficiency. Therefore, it is recommended that government should do the on-farm training since farmers mainly depend on trial and error and farmers` should have access to enough arable land and tractor services. However, farmers need to be trained on matters relating to fertiliser application, on the amount of seeds a farmer should apply per ha, and the importance of using hybrid seed.
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31

Steenekamp, Willem Abraham Jacobus. "Influence of Roundup Ready® maize on the South African maize herbicide market / by Willem Abraham Jacobus Steenekamp." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/652.

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The first Roundup Ready crop to be commercialised was soybean in 1996. Soybean farmers, initially in the USA and more recently in Argentina, rapidly accepted these varieties. Roundup Ready soybeans were commercialised in South Africa in 1999. Since then Roundup Ready maize, canola and cotton have also been induced in the USA. The introduction of Roundup Ready technology may be viewed as a disruptive technology. This innovative technology emerged 25 years after the discovery of the non-selective herbicide (glyphosate) that is now selective in maize, cotton, soybeans and other crops. This means that the crops are now (due to genetic modification) tolerant to this herbicide, but that weeds remained susceptible. In light of the introduction of Roundup Ready maize into the South African market in 2004, and the subsequent influence thereof on the South African maize herbicide market, the objectives of this research is to: evaluate the influence of Roundup Ready maize on the South African maize herbicide market; determine which benefit, contributed by Roundup Ready maize, is ranked to be the most and to be least important as perceived by maize growers; propose strategies to maximize Roundup Ready maize adoption amongst maize growers; and to propose strategies for the sustainable marketing of conventional herbicide program in conjunction with Roundup Ready maize programs. A total number of 260 respondents were telephonically interviewed, covering I98 415 hectares which represents 7% of the total maize plantings in South Africa. The most significant results are that: >60% of the respondents believe that weed infestation have a fair to serious influence on maize yield; 60% of respondents apply herbicides on the total soil surface; >60% of the respondents rely on triazine containing herbicides; the dominant weed types in the West are broad leaf weeds, irrigation area is grasses and East is a 50/50 split between these two types; more than 50% of the respondents have weed control costs exceeding R2OO/hectare; less than 80% respondents believe that their current weed control program's efficacy is more than 90%; respondents believe that the use of residual herbicides will decrease with 37.6% due to Roundup Ready maize; 95% of first users of Roundup Ready are satisfied. The biggest perceived benefit is the broad spectrum of weed control; 8% of respondents indicated that they will already plant Roundup Ready maize in 2004/05; > 75% of the respondents will plant RR/YG, but price is the major influence factor; and demand for Roundup Ready maize and the stacked hybrid is relatively elastic. The following recommendations were derived: weed control costs increase in the order - dry land West < dry land East < irrigation and also low The first Roundup Ready crop to be commercialised was soybean in 1996. Soybean farmers, initially in the USA and more recently in Argentina, rapidly accepted these varieties. Roundup Ready soybeans were commercialised in South Africa in 1999. Since then Roundup Ready maize, canola and cotton have also been induced in the USA. The introduction of Roundup Ready technology may be viewed as a disruptive technology. This innovative technology emerged 25 years after the discovery of the non-selective herbicide (glyphosate) that is now selective in maize, cotton, soybeans and other crops. This means that the crops are now (due to genetic modification) tolerant to this herbicide, but that weeds remained susceptible. In light of the introduction of Roundup Ready maize into the South African market in 2004, and the subsequent influence thereof on the South African maize herbicide market, the objectives of this research is to: evaluate the influence of Roundup Ready maize on the South African maize herbicide market; determine which benefit, contributed by Roundup Ready maize, is ranked to be the most and to be least important as perceived by maize growers; propose strategies to maximize Roundup Ready maize adoption amongst maize growers; and to propose strategies for the sustainable marketing of conventional herbicide program in conjunction with Roundup Ready maize programs. A total number of 260 respondents were telephonically interviewed, covering I98 415 hectares which represents 7% of the total maize plantings in South Africa. The most significant results are that: >60% of the respondents believe that weed infestation have a fair to serious influence on maize yield; 60% of respondents apply herbicides on the total soil surface; >60% of the respondents rely on triazine containing herbicides; the dominant weed types in the West are broad leaf weeds, irrigation area is grasses and East is a 50/50 split between these two types; more than 50% of the respondents have weed control costs exceeding R2OO/hectare; less than 80% respondents believe that their current weed control program's efficacy is more than 90%; respondents believe that the use of residual herbicides will decrease with 37.6% due to Roundup Ready maize; 95% of first users of Roundup Ready are satisfied. The biggest perceived benefit is the broad spectrum of weed control; 8% of respondents indicated that they will already plant Roundup Ready maize in 2004/05; > 75% of the respondents will plant RR/YG, but price is the major influence factor; and demand for Roundup Ready maize and the stacked hybrid is relatively elastic. The following recommendations were derived: weed control costs increase in the order - dry land West < dry land East < irrigation and also low Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
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32

Nhlane, W. G. "Genetic analysis of maize streak virus disease and the combining ability of maize streak resistant and susceptible populations." Thesis, University of Reading, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282544.

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33

Hegarty, Matthew John. "Characterisation and isolation of conserved maize and wheat ESTs involved in grain filling, using the maize Mutator system." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269265.

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34

Pinhero, Reena Grittle. "Biochemical mechanisms of chilling tolerance in maize." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ27463.pdf.

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35

Astini, Juan Pablo. "Managing maize pollen dispersal and out-crossing." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.

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36

Reid, Lana M. (Lana Marie). "Resistance of maize silk to Fusarium graminearum." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70316.

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The characteristics and inheritance of maize silk resistance to Fusarium graminearum ear rot were investigated. In an in vitro test, genotypic differences in the degradation of detached silk tissue by F. graminearum were correlated to field evaluations of resistance. Susceptibility to infection decreased with silk age. Total phenolics of silk channel silk tissue increased in response to infection in resistant inbreds but decreased in susceptible inbreds. The flavones iso-orientin, iso-vitexin, maysin, luteolin, and apigenin were identified in the silk. No significant genotype by isolate interaction effects were found when 13 inbred lines were inoculated with three F. graminearum isolates. Simple models of quantitative and qualitative inheritance were not adequate to explain the inheritance of resistance. Disease severity ratings were bimodally distributed in the F$ sb1$, F$ sb2$, and backcross generations. In a complete diallel cross among 12 inbred lines, general and specific combining ability effects were significant for both disease incidence and disease severity. A screening of 12 accessions of exotic maize germplasm with resistance to either Aspergillus flavus or Heliothis zeae, identified several possible new sources of resistance to F. graminearum. Visual evaluations of resistance were correlated to deoxynivalenol levels of the ear.
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37

Hoyningen, Huene Bernhard von. "Subirrigation of maize using saline-sodic water." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41782.

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A field subirrigation experiment, using saline-sodic water, was carried out on a loamy sand soil in southwestern Quebec. The experimental field was divided into 16 plots with 4 treatments; saline-sodic water, "fresh" water, controlled drainage and non-irrigated. Each treatment had four replicates. Maize yield, hydraulic conductivity, salt concentration, and salt movement through the soil were recorded in all plots.
No significant difference in maize yield occurred between plots irrigated with saline-sodic or fresh water in any of the three years. Irrigated maize plots yielded approximately 30% more than non-irrigated plots.
Hydraulic conductivity reductions in the saline plots were noted in May 1986, after the first snowmelt. From statistical analysis carried out, it appears that the saline-sodic water had an effect on hydraulic conductivity, significant at the 0.05 level.
From the measurements taken from piezometer stations, located throughout the field, salt concentrations and salt movement through the saturated soil profile were determined. Using salt concentration data from both irrigation water and soil water, an average effective field porosity was calculated with a computer program. The results obtained were within 4% of those obtained in laboratory tests. Moreover, the program was then used to model the salt balance of the soil from May 85 to May 87. Results indicated that most salts were removed with the rainfall and snowmelt of the winter months of 85/86 and 86/87.
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38

Cribb, Elizabeth J. "Golden2 gene function in maize leaf development." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326139.

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39

Pennington, Paul Douglas. "An analysis of interploidy crosses in maize." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:61594fab-c6a0-4d18-81d8-3578a7e678d4.

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Reciprocal crosses between plants containing different genome numbers have been demonstrated to show alternate phenotypes in many species and are often lethal. The effects of interploidy crosses on kernel development in maize (Zea mays) have been reassessed using markers for two cell domains: the aleurone and the basal endosperm transfer layer (BETL); and by monitoring gene expression. The study confirms previous observations and offers novel insights into genomic interactions. Endosperms from maternal excess crosses (tetraploid mother, diploid father) displayed reduced mitotic activity, and an accelerated rate of differentiation generally, including early starch accumulation, and earlier, atypical aleurone formation. The BETL failed to form normally, being replaced with aleuronelike cells, except for a few interspersed cells. Gene expression was altered, including those encoding cell domain markers and storage molecules. Paternal excess endosperms (diploid mother, tetraploid father), showed an increase in cellular proliferation. Generally, differentiation was delayed: starch accumulation began late, and formation of the aleurone layer was delayed, and was morphologically highly irregular. BETL specification was also disturbed, with only a few cells showing characteristic wall modifications very late in development. Later development of the whole endosperm was characterized by ectopic gene expression, and zones of high cell proliferation. A greater proportion of the genome was mis-expressed in these crosses, reflecting the more extreme phenotype. Although expression levels of marker genes did not reflect the failure to develop a normal BETL, it may be that the cells in the BETL region had undergone an modified developmental program. This work is considered in the context of evolutionary models which state that different parental roles lead to differential expression of genes from their respective genomes, and is compared with evidence from arabidopsis. The current study is considered generally supportive of such models.
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40

Boulton, Margaret I. "The molecular pathology of maize streak virus." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293185.

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Wright, Elizabeth. "Transcription of the maize streak virus genome." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309940.

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42

McClung, Alison. "The characterisation and function of maize annexins." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239152.

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Baynton, Clair Elizabeth. "Isolation and characterisation of a maize promoter." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239171.

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44

Salinas, Melvin Gustavo. "Design of a human powered maize mill." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88907.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, February 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 25).
The process of milling corn into flour in many rural communities of East Africa has remained a traditional mortar and pestle process for centuries. Milling machines have failed in these communities largely due to poor performance, as well as high cost, and as a result the incredibly labor intensive process continues. This study seeks to design and manufacture a prototype mill that will address the needs of the communities in question. Initial testing on existing milling equipment generated a quantitative understanding of the strengths and shortfalls of the available machines, and informed the design of a new mill. Once the design specifications were determined, a two stage, "twinmill" incorporating a stock low cost mill performing an initial coarse grind and a second identical mill that used modified grinding plates to produce finer flour was built. As expected, the two stage solution outperformed the existing machines by a significant margin: the acceptable flour yields rose from the 30-40 percent range, to consistently in the mid 60s. After subsequent modifications to the fine pass machine grinding plates, yields rose even higher, to an average of about 80 percent.
by Melvin Gustavo Salinas.
S.B.
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45

Schafer, David Gerald. "Mechanisms underlying epigenetic gene silencing in maize." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/60414/.

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Higher organisms can regulate gene expression through changes in epigenetic marks present on the genome. However, how this regulation takes place in organisms with highly repetitive/complex genomes is not well understood. The acquisition of de novo DNA methylation in plants is mediated by siRNAs through the RNAdirected DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway. The targeted deposition of DNA methylation by this pathway allows for the transcriptional silencing of transposable elements and repeat sequences within the genome, as well as regulating gene expression. In addition, it has been hypothesized that mobile siRNAs may be involved in the epigenetic communication between different seed components. Thus the mobility of non-coding RNAs from extra-embryonic tissues could contribute to epigenetic modifications that could be transmitted to the offspring. The aim of my thesis is to characterise the mechanisms involved in epigenetic gene silencing in maize through the use of a novel transgenic reporter. My work has identified components of the RdDM pathway to be involved in maintenance of gene silencing and show that imprinting and paramutation could be recapitulated using synthetic transgenes. In addition, I developed a novel grafting technique to demonstrate that epigenetic gene silencing could be efficiently transmitted between different seed components. Collectively, this work provides an insight into the complex mechanisms that regulate gene expression in the highly repetitive/complex genome of maize.
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McGinley, Susan. "Regulation of Early Endosperm Development in Maize." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622075.

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Njuguna, Jackson G. M. "Epidemiology of Maize Streak Disease in Kenya /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487932351058174.

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48

Flint-Garcia, Sherry A. "Genetic analysis of stalk strength in maize /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3036825.

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Carey, Charles Champney. "Three regulators of the maize anthocyanin pathway /." view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3061938.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 210-219). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Grifo, Anabela Dias Ramalho Vale Leitão. "Inputs and yield optimization on irrigated maize." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18319.

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This dissertation describes efforts to move toward the study of soil and the management of yield variability through research that explored and evaluated the potential of some techniques to provide greater understanding and knowledge of an agricultural field, even in situations where there is no prior knowledge of its behavior. The first experiment used a principal components analysis (PCA) in the study of the spatial and temporal variability of maize grain yield. The results of this experiment demonstrated that the 1st and 2nd principal components could be used to identify field zones with different spatial and temporal behaviors. The second experiment applied stochastic and sequential Gaussian simulation techniques to spatially and temporally forecast and model maize productivity. This technique enabled the modeling of spatial uncertainty in maize productivity based on probabilistic maps with different confidence levels. The third experiment examined different fertilization input scenarios based on yield/nutrient inputs ratio and break-even yields to optimize agronomic, economic and environmental support decisions. According to the results, it is possible to reduce agricultural production costs through the differential management of inputs. The outcomes showed that differential management decisions can maximize returns and reduce activity risk without having to implement major changes on the farm; Sumário: Otimização da produtividade e dos fatores de produção no milho de regadio O presente trabalho de investigação, que considerou três estudos, explora e avalia o potencial de alguns modelos no estudo da gestão da variabilidade espacial e temporal da produtividade e dos nutrientes no âmbito da produção de regadio. O primeiro estudo focou a utilização da técnica estatística Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) no estudo da variabilidade temporal da produtividade da cultura do milho na região do Alto Alentejo. Os resultados desta experiência mostraram que as duas primeiras componentes principais permitem identificar zonas da parcela agrícola com diferente comportamento espacial e ambiental. No segundo estudo avaliou-se o desempenho da simulação sequencial Gaussiana na previsão e modelação da produtividade da cultura do milho. Esta técnica permitiu modelar a incerteza espacial da produtividade com base em mapas de probabilidade com diferentes níveis de confiança. O terceiro estudo avaliou diferentes cenários de fertilização a partir do rácio produtividade/nutrientes e do breakeven da produtividade de forma a otimizar, em termos agronómicos, económicos e ambientais, as tomadas de decisão. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, foi possível obter uma redução substancial dos custos de produção através da sugestão da aplicação diferenciada da fertilização. Os resultados mostraram que é possível reduzir os riscos, quer económicos quer ambientais, da atividade agrícola sem grandes alterações no processo produtivo da exploração agrícola.
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