Journal articles: 'Maize leaf development'

1

Streck, Nereu Augusto, Josana Andréia Langner, and Isabel Lago. "Maize leaf development under climate change scenarios." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 45, no. 11 (November 2010): 1227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2010001100001.

Full text

Abstract:

The objective of this work was to simulate maize leaf development in climate change scenarios at Santa Maria, RS, Brazil, considering symmetric and asymmetric increases in air temperature. The model of Wang & Engel for leaf appearance rate (LAR), with genotype-specific coefficients for the maize variety BRS Missões, was used to simulate tip and expanded leaf accumulated number from emergence to flag leaf appearance and expansion, for nine emergence dates from August 15 to April 15. LAR model was run for each emergence date in 100-year climate scenarios: current climate, and +1, +2, +3, +4 and +5°C increase in mean air temperature, with symmetric and asymmetric increase in daily minimum and maximum air temperature. Maize crop failure due to frost decreased in elevated temperature scenarios, in the very early and very late emergence dates, indicating a lengthening in the maize growing season in warmer climates. The leaf development period in maize was shorter in elevated temperature scenarios, with greater shortening in asymmetric temperature increases, indicating that warmer nights accelerate vegetative development in maize.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Freeling, Michael. "A conceptual framework for maize leaf development." Developmental Biology 153, no. 1 (September 1992): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-1606(92)90090-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Hake, Sarah, Jihyun Moon, Nathalie Bolduc, and Devin O’Connor. "03-P048 Positional information in maize leaf development." Mechanisms of Development 126 (August 2009): S81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mod.2009.06.101.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Dwyer, L. M., and D. W. Stewart. "Leaf Area Development in Field‐Grown Maize 1." Agronomy Journal 78, no. 2 (March 1986): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1986.00021962007800020024x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Kiran, KK, G. Shanthakumar, and SI Harlapur. "Evaluation of Inbred Lines and Development of Turcicum Leaf Blight Resistant Single Cross Maize Hybrids." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 1509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.11.3.35.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Massignam, A. M., S. C. Chapman, G. L. Hammer, and S. Fukai. "Effects of nitrogen supply on canopy development of maize and sunflower." Crop and Pasture Science 62, no. 12 (2011): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp11165.

Full text

Abstract:

Nitrogen (N) limitation reduces canopy carbon assimilation by directly reducing leaf photosynthesis, and by developmentally reducing the rate of new leaf area development and accelerating leaf senescence. Effective use of N for biomass production under N limitation may be considered to be a result of a trade-off between the use of N to maintain high levels of specific leaf nitrogen (SLN the amount of N per unit leaf area) for high photosynthetic rate versus using N to maintain leaf area development (leaf area index – LAI). The objective here is to compare the effects of N supply on the dynamics of LAI and SLN for two crops, maize (Zea mays L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) that contrast in the structure and development of their canopy. Three irrigated experiments imposed different levels of N and plant density. While LAI in both maize and sunflower was reduced under N limitation, leaf area development was more responsive to N supply in sunflower than maize. Observations near anthesis showed that sunflower tended to maintain SLN and adjust leaf area under reduced N supply, whereas maize tended to maintain leaf area and adjust SLN first, and, when this was not sufficient, SLN was also reduced. The two species responded differently to variation in N supply, and the implication of these different strategies for crop adaptation and management is discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Jennings, Paul H., N. Ishii, and R. Rufner. "CHILLING INJURY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF MAIZE LEAF EPICUTICULAR WAX." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 683b—683. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.683b.

Full text

Abstract:

Chlorotic bands across sugarcane leaves were first described as symptoms of cold chlorosis in 1926 and later described in sorghum and maize. The injury develops after exposure of seedlings to temperatures in the 0°C to 12°C range. The severity of injury in maize seedlings may be reduced by high relative humidity during the post-chilling period suggesting a temperature induced water stress. An early visible chilling response is the appearance of a glazed area in the region in which the chlorotic band will develop. This area of the young expanding maize leaf was studied with scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Maize seedlings were grown for 6 days at 24°C with a 15/9 h light/dark cycle. Plants were chilled at 10°C for 9 h during the 7th dark period and leaves sampled 39 h after the end of chilling. SEM photomicrographs revealed a gradient of epicuticular wax deposition from the tip to the base of the leaf. In the region of chill-induced chlorotic band formation, the control leaves exhibited a greater amount of wax deposition than the chilled leaves. It is suggested that the reduced epicuticular wax in a band across the chilled leaves might lead to a water stress resulting in chlorosis and eventually developing into the typical necrotic band.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Veit, Bruce, Ben Greene, Brenda Lowe, Julie Mathern, Neelima Sinha, Erik Vollbrecht, Richard Walko, and Sarah Hake. "Genetic approaches to inflorescence and leaf development in maize." Development 113, Supplement_1 (January 1, 1991): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.113.supplement_1.105.

Full text

Abstract:

The application of genetic methods to the analysis of morphogenesis in maize is described. Several classes of floral mutants are differentiated through developmental studies and tests of epistasis. The results of mosaic and dosage analysis of Knl, a dominant mutation affecting leaf development, are related to molecular studies of the gene.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Kong, Fanying, Tingting Zhang, Jisheng Liu, Siqi Heng, Qingbiao Shi, Haisen Zhang, Zeli Wang, et al. "Regulation of Leaf Angle by Auricle Development in Maize." Molecular Plant 10, no. 3 (March 2017): 516–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2017.02.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Hill, Daniel, Xingyuan Ling, Anding Luo, Mike Tamkun, and Anne Sylvester. "Vesicular trafficking and cell expansion during maize leaf development." Developmental Biology 319, no. 2 (July 2008): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.05.468.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Juarez, M. T. "Specification of adaxial cell fate during maize leaf development." Development 131, no. 18 (September 15, 2004): 4533–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.01328.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Hernandez, Michelle L., Hildrun J. Passas, and Laurie G. Smith. "Clonal Analysis of Epidermal Patterning during Maize Leaf Development." Developmental Biology 216, no. 2 (December 1999): 646–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1999.9429.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Begcy, Kevin, and Thomas Dresselhaus. "Tracking maize pollen development by the Leaf Collar Method." Plant Reproduction 30, no. 4 (November 4, 2017): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00497-017-0311-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Maddonni, G. A., and M. E. Otegui. "Leaf area, light interception, and crop development in maize." Field Crops Research 48, no. 1 (September 1996): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(96)00035-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Song, Youhong, Colin Birch, and Jim Hanan. "Analysis of maize canopy development under water stress and incorporation into the ADEL-Maize model." Functional Plant Biology 35, no. 10 (2008): 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp08055.

Full text

Abstract:

Substantial progress in modelling crop architecture has been made under optimal watering conditions; however, crop production is often exposed to water stress. In this research, we develop methods for implementing the simulation of maize (Zea mays L.) canopy architectural development under water stress using data from a maize field trial in 2006–07. Data of leaf number, leaf and internode extension were collected using non-destructive and destructive sampling at 2–3 day intervals. Water stress reduced the extension rate of organs and, therefore, their final length, the reduction being greater as severity of water stress increased. The duration of extension of organs in most phytomers was not significantly affected by water stress. Also, the rate of extension during the linear phase responded linearly to fraction of extractable soil water. An existing 3-D architectural model ADEL-Maize was revised using relationships developed in this study to better incorporate effects of water stress on organ extension and production. Simulated canopy production under three water regimes was validated by comparing predicted final leaf and internode length, plant height and leaf area to independent observations. The analysis and simulation showed that maize organ extension and final length under water stress can be adequately represented by simple linear patterns that are easily integrated into models.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Scanlon, M. J. "NARROW SHEATH1 functions from two meristematic foci during founder-cell recruitment in maize leaf development." Development 127, no. 21 (November 1, 2000): 4573–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.127.21.4573.

Full text

Abstract:

The narrow sheath duplicate genes (ns1 and ns2) perform redundant functions during maize leaf development. Plants homozygous for mutations in both ns genes fail to develop wild-type leaf tissue in a lateral domain that includes the leaf margin. Previous studies indicated that the NS gene product(s) functions during recruitment of leaf founder-cells in a lateral, meristematic domain that contributes to leaf margin development. A mosaic analysis was performed in which the ns1-O mutation was exposed in hemizygous, clonal sectors in a genetic background already homozygous for ns2-O. Analyses of mutant, sectored plants demonstrate that NS1 function is required in L2-derived tissue layers for development of the narrow sheath leaf domain. NS1 function is not required for development of the central region of maize leaves. Furthermore, the presence of the non-mutant ns1 gene outside the narrow sheath domain cannot compensate for the absence of the non-mutant gene within the narrow sheath domain. NS1 acts non-cell autonomously within the narrow sheath-margin domain and directs recruitment of marginal, leaf founder cells from two discrete foci in the maize meristem. Loss of NS1 function during later stages of leaf development results in no phenotypic consequences. These data support our model for NS function during founder-cell recruitment in the maize meristem.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Birch, Colin J., David Thornby, Steve Adkins, Bruno Andrieu, and Jim Hanan. "Architectural modelling of maize under water stress." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 3 (2008): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06105.

Full text

Abstract:

Two field experiments using maize (Pioneer 31H50) and three watering regimes [(i) irrigated for the whole crop cycle, until anthesis, (ii) not at all (experiment 1) and (iii) fully irrigated and rain grown for the whole crop cycle (experiment 2)] were conducted at Gatton, Australia, during the 2003–04 season. Data on crop ontogeny, leaf, sheath and internode lengths and leaf width, and senescence were collected at 1- to 3-day intervals. A glasshouse experiment during 2003 quantified the responses of leaf shape and leaf presentation to various levels of water stress. Data from experiment 1 were used to modify and parameterise an architectural model of maize (ADEL-Maize) to incorporate the impact of water stress on maize canopy characteristics. The modified model produced accurate fitted values for experiment 1 for final leaf area and plant height, but values during development for leaf area were lower than observed data. Crop duration was reasonably well fitted and differences between the fully irrigated and rain-grown crops were accurately predicted. Final representations of maize crop canopies were realistic. Possible explanations for low values of leaf area are provided. The model requires further development using data from the glasshouse study and before being validated using data from experiment 2 and other independent data. It will then be used to extend functionality in architectural models of maize. With further research and development, the model should be particularly useful in examining the response of maize production to water stress including improved prediction of total biomass and grain yield. This will facilitate improved simulation of plant growth and development processes allowing investigation of genotype by environment interactions under conditions of suboptimal water supply.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Schultes, Neil P., Thomas P. Brutnell, Ashley Allen, Steven L. Dellaporta, Timothy Nelson, and Jychian Chen. "Leaf permease1 Gene of Maize Is Required for Chloroplast Development." Plant Cell 8, no. 3 (March 1996): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3870325.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Erdmann, J. B., D. N. Shepherd, D. P. Martin, A. Varsani, E. P. Rybicki, and H. Jeske. "Replicative intermediates of maize streak virus found during leaf development." Journal of General Virology 91, no. 4 (December 23, 2009): 1077–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.017574-0.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Schultes, N. P., T. P. Brutnell, A. Allen, S. L. Dellaporta, T. Nelson, and J. Chen. "Leaf permease1 gene of maize is required for chloroplast development." Plant Cell 8, no. 3 (March 1996): 463–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.8.3.463.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Vinocur, Marta G., and Joe T. Ritchie. "Maize Leaf Development Biases Caused by Air-Apex Temperature Differences." Agronomy Journal 93, no. 4 (July 2001): 767–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2001.934767x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Carberry, P. S. "Test of leaf-area development in CERES-Maize: a correction." Field Crops Research 27, no. 1-2 (August 1991): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(91)90028-t.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Smith, Laurie G., and Sarah Hake. "Molecular genetic approaches to leaf development: Knotted and beyond." Canadian Journal of Botany 72, no. 5 (May 1, 1994): 617–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-082.

Full text

Abstract:

Molecular genetics provides a promising alternative to other experimental approaches for furthering our understanding of the mechanisms controlling leaf development. We investigated the molecular basis of dominant Knotted (Kn1) mutations in maize, which cause cells associated with the lateral veins of the leaf blade to acquire characteristics of sheath or auricle and sporadically form outgrowths called knots. The kn1 gene encodes a homeodomain, a DNA-binding domain shared by many transcription factors that regulate developmental processes in animals and fungi. In normal plants, the expression of kn1 is confined to the shoot apex, but in Kn1 mutants, the gene is also expressed ectopically in the veins of developing leaves, apparently causing cells to change their developmental fates. The kn1 gene may function in the shoot apex of normal plants to promote indeterminate growth. Consistent with this hypothesis, when kn1 is expressed constitutively at high levels in the leaves of transgenic tobacco, shoots are formed on the leaf surface. Thus, our results indicate that while the kn1 gene may normally have no function in leaf development, it can alter the development of maize and tobacco leaves when it is expressed in the leaf inappropriately. Genes that normally play a role in leaf development are more likely to be defined by recessive mutations that alter leaf morphogenesis and histogenesis. Key words: leaf development, molecular genetics, Knotted.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Ma, Xueyan, Guangsheng Zhou, Gen Li, and Qiuling Wang. "Quantitative Evaluation of the Trade-Off Growth Strategies of Maize Leaves under Different Drought Severities." Water 13, no. 13 (July 2, 2021): 1852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131852.

Full text

Abstract:

The leaf is one of the most drought-sensitive plant organs. Investigating how leaf traits change and their trade-off growth during a drought would contribute to developing targeted drought-resistance measures. We investigated changes in five key maize leaf traits (leaf area, dry mass, effective number, water content, and specific weight) and their trade-off growth based on a drought simulation experiment. We also developed an indicator (0, 1) to quantitatively evaluate drought severity. The results showed a trade-off growth between different leaf traits of maize plants under drought conditions. Maize maintained relatively high leaf water content to maintain high leaf metabolic activity until drought severity was greater than 0. When drought severity was (0, 0.48), maize tended to adopt rapid growth strategy by maintaining regular leafing intensity and investing more energy into leaf area rather than specific leaf weight so that more energy could be absorbed. When the drought severity exceeded 0.48, maize conserved its resources for survival by maintaining relatively lower metabolic activity and thicker leaves to minimize water loss. The results provide an insight into the acclimation strategies of maize under drought, and contribute to targeted drought prevention and relief measures to reduce drought-induced risks to food security.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Vičánková, A., and J. Kutík. "Chloroplast ultrastructural development in vascular bundle sheath cells of two different maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes." Plant, Soil and Environment 51, No. 11 (November 20, 2011): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3622-pse.

Full text

Abstract:

The leaves of maize have two photosynthesizing tissues with two types of chloroplasts, mesophyll cells (MC) and vascular bundle sheaths cells (BSC). The development of chloroplasts in BSC was followed by transmission electron microscopy and point counting method in the middle part of the third leaf of maize plants. From young (Y) to mature (M) leaves, volume density of photosynthetic membrane system (thylakoids) increased, to senescing (S) leaves it did not significantly change. During the whole leaf ontogeny, small thylakoid appression regions (grana) were present in BSC chloroplasts, currently assumed to be agranal. From M to S leaves, volume density of starch inclusions strongly decreased and that of plastoglobuli strongly increased.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Smith, L. G., S. Hake, and A. W. Sylvester. "The tangled-1 mutation alters cell division orientations throughout maize leaf development without altering leaf shape." Development 122, no. 2 (February 1, 1996): 481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.122.2.481.

Full text

Abstract:

It is often assumed that in plants, where the relative positions of cells are fixed by cell walls, division orientations are critical for the generation of organ shapes. However, an alternative perspective is that the generation of shape may be controlled at a regional level independently from the initial orientations of new cell walls. In support of this latter view, we describe here a recessive mutation of maize, tangled-1 (tan-1), that causes cells to divide in abnormal orientations throughout leaf development without altering overall leaf shape. In normal plants, leaf cells divide either transversely or longitudinally relative to the mother cell axis; transverse division are associated with leaf elongation and longitudinal divisions with leaf widening. In tan-l mutant leaves, cells in all tissue layers at a wide range of developmental stages divide transversely at normal frequencies, but longitudinal divisions are largely substituted by a variety of aberrantly oriented divisions in which the new cell wall is crooked or curved. Mutant leaves grow more slowly than normal, but their overall shapes are normal at all stages of their growth. These observations demonstrate that the generation of maize leaf shape does not depend on the precise spatial control of cell division, and support the general view that mechanisms independent from the control of cell division orientations are involved in the generation of shape during plant development.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Jabran, Khawar. "Weed-Competitive Ability of Forage Maize Cultivars against Barnyardgrass." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i1.174-178.2940.

Full text

Abstract:

Weed-competitive cultivars are desired in the wake of growing popularity of organic farming, environmental pollution and evolution of herbicide resistance in weeds. This research work evaluated the weed competitive ability of three forage maize cultivars (ADA-523, AGA and SASA-5) against the noxious weed barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv.). The study was conducted in spring 2018 and repeated in summer 2018. Results of this study showed that maize-barnyardgrass competition significantly decreased the growth of forage maize plants. For instance, barnyardgrass decreased the maize plant height by 11.9-16.9%, leaf length by 13.3-20.2%, leaf width by 20.2-27.4%, and number of leaves by 14.3-25.0%. Fresh and dry weights of maize plants were also significantly decreased as a result of weed-crop competition. Barnyardgrass decreased the shoot fresh weight (30.7-60.6%), shoot dry weight (33.3-52.2%), leaf fresh weight (33.4-56.5%) and leaf dry weight (31.9-50.0%) of the maize plants. An interactive effect of weed × maize cultivars was found non-significant. Forage maize cultivars also varied occasionally for their traits. Nevertheless, ADA-523 had a higher plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf fresh weight and leaf dry weight than the cultivars AGA and SASA-5. On the other hand, the cultivar SASA-5 had a higher shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and root fresh weight than the other cultivars in the study. This research work concluded that the forage maize cultivars in the study did not vary for the weed-competitive ability. Further, barnyardgrass-maize competition could decrease the growth and development of the maize cultivars.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Lizaso, J. I., W. D. Batchelor, K. J. Boote, and M. E. Westgate. "Development of a Leaf-Level Canopy Assimilation Model for CERES-Maize." Agronomy Journal 97, no. 3 (May 2005): 722–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2004.0171.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Kutschera, U., R. Pieruschka, and J. A. Berry. "Leaf development, gas exchange characteristics, and photorespiratory activity in maize seedlings." Photosynthetica 48, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 617–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11099-010-0079-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Becraft, Philip W., Deverie K. Bongard-Pierce, Anne W. Sylvester, R. Scott Poethig, and Michael Freeling. "The liguleless-1 gene acts tissue specifically in maize leaf development." Developmental Biology 141, no. 1 (September 1990): 220–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-1606(90)90117-2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Sylvester, A. W., W. Z. Cande, and M. Freeling. "Division and differentiation during normal and liguleless-1 maize leaf development." Development 110, no. 3 (November 1, 1990): 985–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.110.3.985.

Full text

Abstract:

The maize leaf is composed of a blade and a sheath, which are separated at the ligular region by a ligule and an auricle. Mutants homozygous for the recessive liguleless-1 (lg1) allele exhibit loss of normal ligule and auricle. The cellular events associated with development of these structures in both normal and liguleless plants are investigated with respect to the timing of cell division and differentiation. A new method is used to assess orientation of anticlinal division planes during development and to determine a division index based on recent epidermal cross-wall deposition. A normal leaf follows three stages of development: first is a preligule stage, in which the primordium is undifferentiated and dividing throughout its length. This stage ends when a row of cells in the preligule region divides more rapidly in both transverse and longitudinal anticlinal planes. During the second stage, ligule and auricle form, blade grows more rapidly than sheath, divisions in the blade become exclusively transverse in orientation, and differentiation begins. The third stage is marked by rapid increase in sheath length. The leaf does not have a distinct basal meristem. Instead, cell divisions are gradually restricted to the base of the leaf with localized sites of increased division at the preligule region. Divisions are not localized to the base of the sheath until near the end of development. The liguleless-1 homozygote shows no alteration in this overall pattern of growth, but does show distinct alteration in the anticlinal division pattern in the preligule region. Two abnormal patterns are observed: either the increase in division rate at the preligule site is absent or it exhibits loss of all longitudinal divisions so that only transverse (or cell-file producing) divisions are present. This pattern is particularly apparent in developing adult leaves on older lg1 plants, in which sporadic ligule vestiges form. From these and results previously published (Becraft et al. (1990) Devl Biol. 14), we conclude that the information carried by the Lg1+ gene product acts earlier in development than formation of the ligule proper. We hypothesize that Lg1+ may be effective at the stage when the blade-sheath boundary is first determined.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Xia, Zhenqing, Guixin Zhang, Shibo Zhang, Qi Wang, Yafang Fu, and Haidong Lu. "Efficacy of Root Zone Temperature Increase in Root and Shoot Development and Hormone Changes in Different Maize Genotypes." Agriculture 11, no. 6 (May 22, 2021): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11060477.

Full text

Abstract:

In the context of global warming, the effects of warming in the root zone of crops on maize seedling characteristics deserve research attention. Previous studies on the adaptive traits of dryland maize have mainly focused on soil moisture and nutrients, rather than analyzing potential factors for the adaptive traits of root zone warming. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different root zone warming ranges on the agronomic traits, hormones, and microstructures of maize seedling roots and leaves. The results showed that minor increases in the root zone temperature significantly enhanced maize seedling growth. However, when the temperature in the root zone was excessive, the stem diameter, root surface area, root volume, total root length, dry matter accumulation, and root/shoot biomass of maize seedlings sharply decreased. Under high temperature stress in the root zone, the root conduit area; root stele diameter; root content of trans-zeatin (ZT), gibberellin A3 (GA3), and indoleacetic acid (IAA); leaf thickness; upper and lower epidermis thickness; and leaf content of ZT and GA3 were significantly decreased. The hormone content and microstructure changes might be an important reason for root growth maldevelopment and nutrient absorption blockage, and they also affected the leaf growth of maize seedlings. Compared with the ‘senescent’ maize type Shaandan 902 (SD902), the plant microstructure of the ‘stay-green’ maize type Shaandan 609 (SD609) was less affected by increased temperatures, and the ability of the root system to absorb and transport water was stronger, which might explain its tolerance of high temperature stress in the root zone.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Yu, Chun-Ping, Sean Chun-Chang Chen, Yao-Ming Chang, Wen-Yu Liu, Hsin-Hung Lin, Jinn-Jy Lin, Hsiang June Chen, et al. "Transcriptome dynamics of developing maize leaves and genomewide prediction of cis elements and their cognate transcription factors." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 19 (April 27, 2015): E2477—E2486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1500605112.

Full text

Abstract:

Maize is a major crop and a model plant for studying C4 photosynthesis and leaf development. However, a genomewide regulatory network of leaf development is not yet available. This knowledge is useful for developing C3 crops to perform C4 photosynthesis for enhanced yields. Here, using 22 transcriptomes of developing maize leaves from dry seeds to 192 h post imbibition, we studied gene up- and down-regulation and functional transition during leaf development and inferred sets of strongly coexpressed genes. More significantly, we developed a method to predict transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) and their cognate transcription factors (TFs) using genomic sequence and transcriptomic data. The method requires not only evolutionary conservation of candidate TFBSs and sets of strongly coexpressed genes but also that the genes in a gene set share the same Gene Ontology term so that they are involved in the same biological function. In addition, we developed another method to predict maize TF–TFBS pairs using known TF–TFBS pairs in Arabidopsis or rice. From these efforts, we predicted 1,340 novel TFBSs and 253 new TF–TFBS pairs in the maize genome, far exceeding the 30 TF–TFBS pairs currently known in maize. In most cases studied by both methods, the two methods gave similar predictions. In vitro tests of 12 predicted TF–TFBS interactions showed that our methods perform well. Our study has significantly expanded our knowledge on the regulatory network involved in maize leaf development.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Dong, Lei, Lei Qin, Xiuru Dai, Zehong Ding, Ran Bi, Peng Liu, Yanhui Chen, Thomas P. Brutnell, Xianglan Wang, and Pinghua Li. "Transcriptomic Analysis of Leaf Sheath Maturation in Maize." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 10 (May 19, 2019): 2472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102472.

Full text

Abstract:

The morphological development of the leaf greatly influences plant architecture and crop yields. The maize leaf is composed of a leaf blade, ligule and sheath. Although extensive transcriptional profiling of the tissues along the longitudinal axis of the developing maize leaf blade has been conducted, little is known about the transcriptional dynamics in sheath tissues, which play important roles in supporting the leaf blade. Using a comprehensive transcriptome dataset, we demonstrated that the leaf sheath transcriptome dynamically changes during maturation, with the construction of basic cellular structures at the earliest stages of sheath maturation with a transition to cell wall biosynthesis and modifications. The transcriptome again changes with photosynthesis and lignin biosynthesis at the last stage of sheath tissue maturation. The different tissues of the maize leaf are highly specialized in their biological functions and we identified 15 genes expressed at significantly higher levels in the leaf sheath compared with their expression in the leaf blade, including the BOP2 homologs GRMZM2G026556 and GRMZM2G022606, DOGT1 (GRMZM2G403740) and transcription factors from the B3 domain, C2H2 zinc finger and homeobox gene families, implicating these genes in sheath maturation and organ specialization.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Limongi-Andrade, Ricardo, Daniel Alarcón-Cobeña, Eddie Zambrano-Zambrano, Marlon Caicedo, Paúl Villavicencio-Linzan, José Eguez, Bernardo Navarrete, Carlos Yanez, and José L. Zambrano. "Development of a new maize hybrid for the Ecuadorian lowland." Agronomía Colombiana 36, no. 2 (May 1, 2018): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v36n2.68782.

Full text

Abstract:

Yellow maize (Zea mays L. var. indurata) is mainly produced in the Ecuadorian lowlands (less than 1,200 m a.s.l.), primarily for feed production. Although Ecuador has recently increased maize production, new genotypes are needed for self-sufficiency and in order to avoid costly imports. Maize is sown mostly from December to January during the rainy season. However, the irregularity of rainfall has become a constraint on production. “INIAP H-603 Superior” is a new single-cross maize hybrid developed for the Ecuadorian lowlands with improved yields, which could contribute to domestic food security. The new hybrid had an average yield of 8.48 t ha-1 with outstanding performance under the rainfall, sustained moisture, and irrigation conditions, outperforming the commercial hybrids INIAP H-602, DEKALB-7088 and INIAP H-553. Additionally, the new hybrid showed tolerance to the principal foliar diseases: leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum), rust (Puccinia sorghi), and leaf spot (Curvularia lunata), as well as good adaptability and stability, with a regression coefficient (bi) of 0.98 when it was evaluated in 29 locations from 2010 to 2013. The greatest yield potential of the new hybrid (10.82 t ha-1) was obtained with irrigation during the dry season.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Carson, M. L. "Vulnerability of U.S. Maize Germ Plasm to Phaeosphaeria Leaf Spot." Plant Disease 83, no. 5 (May 1999): 462–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.5.462.

Full text

Abstract:

Phaeosphaeria leaf spot (PLS) is a potentially important maize disease that has recently appeared in the continental United States in winter breeding nurseries in southern Florida. To better predict the potential of this newly introduced disease to inflict damage on the U.S. maize crop, 64 public and private inbred lines and 80 proprietary commercial maize hybrids representing the genetic diversity in the U.S. maize crop were evaluated for resistance to PLS in the 1996-97 and 1997-98 winter nursery seasons. Plots were evaluated for PLS severity (0 to 9 scale) at the early to mid dent stages of kernel development. Relatively few hybrids or inbreds were free from PLS at this growth stage. Inbred lines related to B73 were particularly susceptible to PLS. Relatively few commercial hybrids were as severely diseased as a susceptible check hybrid, indicating that U.S. maize production is not particularly vulnerable to damage from PLS at this time. However, the susceptibility of several widely used parental inbred lines makes PLS a potential concern to the seed industry should it become established in areas of hybrid seed production.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Subedi, Subash. "A review on important maize diseases and their management in Nepal." Journal of Maize Research and Development 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2015): 28–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmrd.v1i1.14242.

Full text

Abstract:

In Nepal, maize ranks second after rice both in area and production. In recent years, maize area and production has shown a steady increase, but productivity has been low (2.46 t/ha). The major maize producing regions in Nepal are mid hill (72.85%), terai (17.36%) and high hill (9.79%) respectively. A literature review was carried out to explore major maize diseases and their management in Nepal. The omnipresent incidence of diseases at the pre harvest stage has been an important bottleneck in increasing production. Till now, a total of 78 (75 fungal and 3 bacterial) species are pathogenic to maize crop in Nepal. The major and economically important maize diseases reported are Gray leaf spot, Northern leaf blight, Southern leaf Blight, Banded leaf and sheath blight, Ear rot, Stalk rot, Head smut, Common rust, Downy mildew and Brown spot. Information on bacterial and virus diseases, nematodes and yield loss assessment is also given. Description of the major maize diseases, their causal organisms, distribution, time and intensity of disease incidence, symptoms, survival, spreads, environmental factors for disease development, yield losses and various disease management strategies corresponded to important maize diseases of Nepal are gathered and compiled thoroughly from the available publications. Concerted efforts of NARC commodity programs, divisions, ARS and RARS involving research on maize pathology and their important outcomes are mentioned. The use of disease management methods focused on host resistance has also been highlighted.Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):28-52DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34292

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Schneeberger, R., M. Tsiantis, M. Freeling, and J. A. Langdale. "The rough sheath2 gene negatively regulates homeobox gene expression during maize leaf development." Development 125, no. 15 (August 1, 1998): 2857–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.125.15.2857.

Full text

Abstract:

Leaves of higher plants are produced in a sequential manner through the differentiation of cells that are derived from the shoot apical meristem. Current evidence suggests that this transition from meristematic to leaf cell fate requires the down-regulation of knotted1-like homeobox (knox) gene expression. If knox gene expression is not repressed, overall leaf shape and cellular differentiation within the leaf are perturbed. In order to identify genes that are required for the aquisition of leaf cell fates, we have genetically screened for recessive mutations that confer phenotypes similar to dominant mutations (e.g. Knotted1 and Rough sheath1) that result in the ectopic expression of class I knox genes. Independently derived mutations at the rough sheath2 (rs2) locus condition a range of pleiotropic leaf, node and internode phenotypes that are sensitive to genetic background and environment. Phenotypes include dwarfism, leaf twisting, disorganized differentiation of the blade-sheath boundary, aberrant vascular patterning and the generation of semi-bladeless leaves. knox genes are initially repressed in rs2 mutants as leaf founder cells are recruited in the meristem. However, this repression is often incomplete and is not maintained as the leaf progresses through developement. Expression studies indicate that three knox genes are ectopically or over-expressed in developing primordia and in mature leaves. We therefore propose that the rs2 gene product acts to repress knox gene expression (either directly or indirectly) and that rs2 gene action is essential for the elaboration of normal leaf morphology.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Scanlon, Michael J., K. David Chen, and Calvin C. McKnight. "The narrow sheath Duplicate Genes: Sectors of Dual Aneuploidy Reveal Ancestrally Conserved Gene Functions During Maize Leaf Development." Genetics 155, no. 3 (July 1, 2000): 1379–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/155.3.1379.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The narrow sheath mutant of maize displays a leaf and plant stature phenotype controlled by the duplicate factor mutations narrow sheath1 and narrow sheath2. Mutant leaves fail to develop a lateral domain that includes the leaf margins. Genetic data are presented to show that the narrow sheath mutations map to duplicated chromosomal regions, reflecting an ancestral duplication of the maize genome. Genetic and cytogenetic evidence indicates that the original mutation at narrow sheath2 is associated with a chromosomal inversion on the long arm of chromosome 4. Meristematic sectors of dual aneuploidy were generated, producing plants genetically mosaic for NARROW SHEATH function. These mosaic plants exhibited characteristic half-plant phenotypes, in which leaves from one side of the plant were of nonmutant morphology and leaves from the opposite side were of narrow sheath mutant phenotype. The data suggest that the narrow sheath duplicate genes may perform ancestrally conserved, redundant functions in the development of a lateral domain in the maize leaf.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Timmermans, M. C., N. P. Schultes, J. P. Jankovsky, and T. Nelson. "Leafbladeless1 is required for dorsoventrality of lateral organs in maize." Development 125, no. 15 (August 1, 1998): 2813–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.125.15.2813.

Full text

Abstract:

The maize leafbladeless1 (lbl1) mutant displays a variety of leaf and plant phenotypes. The most extreme manifestation in the leaf is the formation of radially symmetric, abaxialized leaves due to a complete loss of adaxial cell types. Less severe phenotypes, resulting from a partial loss of adaxial cell identity, include the formation of ectopic laminae at the boundary between abaxialized, mutant sectors on the adaxial leaf surface and the bifurcation of leaves. Ectopic laminae and bifurcations arise early in leaf development and result in an altered patterning of the leaf along the proximodistal axis, or in complete duplication of the developing organ. Leaf-like lateral organs of the inflorescences and flowers show similar phenotypes. These observations suggest that Lbl1 is required for the specification of adaxial cell identity within leaves and leaf-like lateral organs. Lbl1 is also required for the lateral propagation of leaf founder cell recruitment, and plays a direct or indirect role in the downregulation of the homeobox gene, knotted1, during leaf development. Our results suggest that adaxial/abaxial asymmetry of lateral organs is specified in the shoot apical meristem, and that formation of this axis is essential for marginal, lateral growth and for the specification of points of proximodistal growth. Parallels between early patterning events during lateral organ development in plants and animals are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Manching, Heather C., Kara Carlson, Sean Kosowsky, C. Tyler Smitherman, and Ann E. Stapleton. "Maize phyllosphere microbial community niche development across stages of host leaf growth." F1000Research 6 (September 18, 2017): 1698. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12490.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: The phyllosphere hosts a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, which can play a positive role in the success of the host plant. Bacterial communities in the phylloplane are influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors, including host plant surface topography and chemistry, which change in concert with microbial communities as the plant leaves develop and age.Methods: We examined how theZea maysL. leaf microbial community structure changed with plant age. Ribosomal spacer length and scanning electron microscopic imaging strategies were used to assess microbial community composition across maize plant ages, using a novel staggered experimental design.Results: Significant changes in community composition were observed for both molecular and imaging analyses, and the two analysis methods provided complementary information about bacterial community structure within each leaf developmental stage.Conclusions: Both taxonomic and cell-size trait patterns provided evidence for niche-based contributions to microbial community development on leaves.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Manching, Heather C., Kara Carlson, Sean Kosowsky, C. Tyler Smitherman, and Ann E. Stapleton. "Maize Phyllosphere Microbial Community Niche Development Across Stages of Host Leaf Growth." F1000Research 6 (December 13, 2017): 1698. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12490.2.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: The phyllosphere hosts a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, which can play a positive role in the success of the host plant. Bacterial communities in the phylloplane are influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors, including host plant surface topography and chemistry, which change in concert with microbial communities as the plant leaves develop and age.Methods: We examined how theZea maysL. leaf microbial community structure changed with plant age. Ribosomal spacer length and scanning electron microscopic imaging strategies were used to assess microbial community composition across maize plant ages, using a novel staggered experimental design.Results: Significant changes in community composition were observed for both molecular and imaging analyses, and the two analysis methods provided complementary information about bacterial community structure within each leaf developmental stage.Conclusions: Both taxonomic and cell-size trait patterns provided evidence for niche-based contributions to microbial community development on leaves.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Manching, Heather C., Kara Carlson, Sean Kosowsky, C. Tyler Smitherman, and Ann E. Stapleton. "Maize Phyllosphere Microbial Community Niche Development Across Stages of Host Leaf Growth." F1000Research 6 (January 18, 2018): 1698. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12490.3.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: The phyllosphere hosts a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, which can play a positive role in the success of the host plant. Bacterial communities in the phylloplane are influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors, including host plant surface topography and chemistry, which change in concert with microbial communities as the plant leaves develop and age.Methods: We examined how theZea maysL. leaf microbial community structure changed with plant age. Ribosomal spacer length and scanning electron microscopic imaging strategies were used to assess microbial community composition across maize plant ages, using a novel staggered experimental design.Results: Significant changes in community composition were observed for both molecular and imaging analyses, and the two analysis methods provided complementary information about bacterial community structure within each leaf developmental stage.Conclusions: Both taxonomic and cell-size trait patterns provided evidence for niche-based contributions to microbial community development on leaves.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Facette, Michelle R., Zhouxin Shen, Fjola R. Björnsdóttir, Steven P. Briggs, and Laurie G. Smith. "Parallel Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Analyses of Successive Stages of Maize Leaf Development." Plant Cell 25, no. 8 (August 2013): 2798–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.112227.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Tsiantis, Miltos, Matthew I. N. Brown, Gaia Skibinski, and Jane A. Langdale. "Disruption of Auxin Transport Is Associated with Aberrant Leaf Development in Maize." Plant Physiology 121, no. 4 (December 1, 1999): 1163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.121.4.1163.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Greene, Ben A., and Sarah Hake. "The Knotted-1 mutants of maize: investigating the circuitry of leaf development." Seminars in Developmental Biology 4, no. 1 (February 1993): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/sedb.1993.1006.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Chen, Guoqing, Jiwang Zhang, Peng Liu, and Shuting Dong. "An empirical model for changes in the leaf area of maize." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 94, no. 4 (May 2014): 749–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-2221.

Full text

Abstract:

Chen, G., Zhang, J., Liu, P. and Dong, S. 2014. An empirical model for changes in the leaf area of maize. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 749–757. Accurate predictions of the leaf area index (LAI) are critical for many crop growth simulation models and essential for simulating crop growth and yield. In this paper, we present a new empirical leaf area model that simulates LAI for different maize (Zea mays L.) varieties under different cultivation conditions. Based on leaf morphological development, the model describes the two processes of leaf growth: expansion and senescence. The effect of planting density and nitrogen on LAI was also simulated in the model. A nitrogen sensitivity parameter was used to distinguish the different varieties. The model predictions were compared with field measurements of LAI for four varieties under different conditions. The results showed that the new model can correctly simulate LAI for maize under different cultivation conditions. The sensitivity analyses revealed that the new LAI model was very sensitive to lle (the length of the ear leaf) and VN (fertilizer sensitivity parameters of cultivars). The new model facilitates the simulation of maize leaf growth and senescence at the population level.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Dhami, Narayan Bahadur, SK Kim, Arjun Paudel, Jiban Shrestha, and Tirtha Raj Rijal. "A review on threat of gray leaf spot disease of maize in Asia." Journal of Maize Research and Development 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2015): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmrd.v1i1.14245.

Full text

Abstract:

Biotic and biotic constraints are yield limiting factors in maize producing regions. Among these gray leaf spot is a yield limiting foliar disease of maize in high land regions of Asia. This review is done from related different national and international journals, thesis, books, research papers etc. The objectives of this review are to become familiar with genetics and inheritance, epidemiology, symptoms and disease management strategies etc. High relative humidity, temperature, minimum tillage and maize monoculture are important factors responsible for disease development. The sibling species of Cercospora zeae-maydis (Tehon and Daniels, 1925) Group I and Group II and Cercospora sorghai var. maydis (Chupp, 1954) are associated with this disease. Pathogens colonize in maize debris. Conidia are the source of inoculums for disease spread. Severe blighting of leaves reduces sugars, stalk lodging and causes premature death of plants resulting in yield losses of up to 100%. Disease management through cultural practices is provisional. The use of fungicides for emergencies is effective however; their prohibitive cost and detrimental effects on the environment are negative consequences. The inheritance of tolerance is quantitative with small additive effects. The introgression of resistant genes among the crosses of resistant germplasm enhances the resistance. The crosses of resistant and susceptible germplasm possess greater stability than the crosses of susceptible and resistant germplasm. The development of gray leaf spot tolerant populations through tolerance breeding principle is an economical and sustainable approach to manage the disease.Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):71-85DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34286

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

GRANT, R. F., J. R. FREDERICK, J. D. HESKETH, and M. G. HUCK. "SIMULATION OF GROWTH AND MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF MAIZE UNDER CONTRASTING WATER REGIMES." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 69, no. 2 (April 1, 1989): 401–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps89-052.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of crop growth models for resource management decisions such as weed control will require the detailed simulation of plant structures and functions in order to determine crop response to resources. A crop growth model was constructed on the computing facility at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications which was intended to simulate the effect of changing water status on plant growth processes. The model was tested against field data collected during an experiment in which the morphology of a maize crop growing under an imposed water deficit over a shallow water table was compared to that of an irrigated control treatment. The effects of this deficit on soil and canopy water status, leaf tip appearance, and on the distribution of growth with node number were compared for the simulated and recorded data. The use of simple equations describing the partitioning of growth to successive nodes enabled reasonably accurate estimates to be made of the distribution of leaf, sheath and internode mass with node number during both deficit and irrigated treatments. Consequently, realistic estimates of the vertical distribution of leaf area could be made for use in subsequent studies of inter-specific competition for irradiance interception.Key words: Simulation modelling, water stress, leaf area, canopy, maize growth

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

McSteen, Paula, and Sarah Hake. "barren inflorescence2 regulates axillary meristem development in the maize inflorescence." Development 128, no. 15 (August 1, 2001): 2881–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.128.15.2881.

Full text

Abstract:

Organogenesis in plants is controlled by meristems. Shoot apical meristems form at the apex of the plant and produce leaf primordia on their flanks. Axillary meristems, which form in the axils of leaf primordia, give rise to branches and flowers and therefore play a critical role in plant architecture and reproduction. To understand how axillary meristems are initiated and maintained, we characterized the barren inflorescence2 mutant, which affects axillary meristems in the maize inflorescence. Scanning electron microscopy, histology and RNA in situ hybridization using knotted1 as a marker for meristematic tissue show that barren inflorescence2 mutants make fewer branches owing to a defect in branch meristem initiation. The construction of the double mutant between barren inflorescence2 and tasselsheath reveals that the function of barren inflorescence2 is specific to the formation of branch meristems rather than bract leaf primordia. Normal maize inflorescences sequentially produce three types of axillary meristem: branch meristem, spikelet meristem and floral meristem. Introgression of the barren inflorescence2 mutant into genetic backgrounds in which the phenotype was weaker illustrates additional roles of barren inflorescence2 in these axillary meristems. Branch, spikelet and floral meristems that form in these lines are defective, resulting in the production of fewer floral structures. Because the defects involve the number of organs produced at each stage of development, we conclude that barren inflorescence2 is required for maintenance of all types of axillary meristem in the inflorescence. This defect allows us to infer the sequence of events that takes place during maize inflorescence development. Furthermore, the defect in branch meristem formation provides insight into the role of knotted1 and barren inflorescence2 in axillary meristem initiation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Maize leaf development'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles