Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Maîtres du thé'
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Errera, Alfred. "Le rapport des maîtres soufis aux « peuples du Livre » et à leurs doctrines." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040249.
Full textWhile research is devoted to the attitude of Sunni Islam toward other religions, little attention has been paid to the attitude of Sufi masters to Christianity and Judaism as well as to Christians and Jews. The first part of this study provides an analysis of this topic as perceived by western intellectuals who had converted to Islam or who had dedicated years of research to Sufism. In its second part, the attitude of Sufi masters is analyzed according to five perspectives: their position regarding the Christian and Jewish Scriptures and doctrines, their view of their rituals and customs, the understanding of their Salvation, their attitude toward Christian and Jews as human beings, and finally their position regarding jihâd warfare against Christian countries, and the link these masters made between the greater jihâd, the jihâd against one's desires, and the lesser jihâd, the warlike jihâd.This study shows tolerance worthy of the greatest admiration, but also reveals rigorous and disrespectful attitudes toward Christian and Jewish doctrines and customs, calling for the application of the dhimma harshest rules. While the Sufi masters have stressed the importance of the greater jihâd, they frequently gave unconditional support to the lesser jihâd, seeing it as a paroxysmal form of holiness, guaranteeing Happiness in this world and in the next one. The tolerance of Muslim leaders frequently contrasts with some Sufi masters' extremism
White, Heather Noelle. "«La marque du maître»: Messiaen's influence on Québécois composers Serge Garant, Clermont Pépin and André Prévost." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96698.
Full textCette thèse examine l'influence d'Olivier Messiaen sur trois compositeurs Québécois: Serge Garant (1929-1986), Clermont Pépin (1926-2006) et André Prévost (1934-2001). Bien que les trois aient développé des styles musicaux différents, leurs techniques de composition conservent des liens communs que j'attribue, en partie, à l'influence de leur maître. Ma thèse démontre que cette influence est surtout évidente dans les œuvres composées pendant et immédiatement après les séjours des trois compositeurs auprès de Messiaen. Je compare les techniques employées par les trois compositeurs Québécois avec les techniques de Messiaen. Mes analyses sont nourries d'informations tirées d'esquisses conservées dans des archives à Montréal et à Ottawa, de notes de programme et de préfaces à certaines partitions, d'analyses effectuées par les compositeurs mêmes, et surtout, de leurs souvenirs concernant leurs expériences avec leur professeur. Le travail de Garant ressemble le plus à celui de Messiaen, et il employait le plus grand nombre de ses techniques, mais seulement pendant une très brève période. Pépin utilisait le moins des techniques de son maître, mais s'en inspirait directement, surtout des modes à transpositions limitées, pendant toute la première moitié de sa carrière. Prévost représentait un juste milieu entre Garant et Pépin. Parmi les trois, il était le plus préoccupé par les notions de symétrie—la prémisse de plusieurs aspects du langage de Messiaen—et ses manifestations à tous les niveaux structurels de sa musique.
Bernard-Schweitzer, Marion. "Les collèges normands à Paris à la fin du Moyen Äge. Histoire institutionnelle et étude prosopographique de leur recrutement." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL026.
Full textUniversity colleges, multiplied in Paris from the second half of the thirteenth century ; during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, they played a growing role within the University. Several of these were meant host scholars of Norman origin, who most often chose the French royal capital to further their education. This thesis is devoted to the study of four of them ; the colleges of Trésorier (founded in 1268), Harcourt (1311), Justice (1349) and Maître-Gervais (1371); the acts of foundation and statutory texts provide valuable information on their creation and organization. Until the end of the Middle Ages, these colleges welcomed several hundred masters and students; a prosopographic study helps determining their main characteristics: geographical and social origins, studies and careers within the University, possession of ecclesiastical benefices. The sources also make it possible to grasp the existence of a network of relationships between these masters and students, which the Norman nation and the colleges were fostering. The second volume of this thesis gathers several edited document, including: foundation acts, statutes, accounts, as well as prosopographic files
Espinoza, Sotelo Paola. "L'apprentissage de l'espagnol à l'école publique au Chili en milieu défavorisé : les difficultés des maîtres face aux transformations curriculaires." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA131.
Full textThis research addresses the issue of curriculum change in the teaching of Spanish in Chile. This modification in the curriculum in 1996 caused a change of the school discipline’s name, a new organization of content as well as a new didactic approach to teaching. We postulate that these changes have caused instability in the manner of perceiving the teaching of Spanish today. Thus, the starting point of this research is to know and to explain the impact of the different curricular alterations among teachers, both in their own representation of the discipline and in the way they handle the content.Our main motivation was to know the views of primary school Spanish teachers. Therefore, we interviewed twelve teachers from different schools in Santiago, Chile. All of these institutions had in common a predominantly disadvantaged school population.Our interest in the last grade of primary school, is explained by the fact that it provides a level of education that gives access to secondary education. Thus, in this class, students are expected to have acquired a number of abilities and skills to get to the secondary level. One of our initial hypotheses postulates that the students of the interviewed teachers have not acquired the capabilities and basic skills that the curriculum of this grade reports as required. We postulated this as the new contents and new didactic approach to school discipline involve a more sophisticated teaching, a teaching based particularly on the development of skills that teachers do not fully understand
Clémens, Corbi Christine. "L'enseignement des langues vivantes étrangères à l'école primaire : Analyse ergonomique de l’activité des maîtres et instauration d’une médiation formative dans l’établissement." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3039.
Full textThis thesis shows how the analysis of the activity of the school teachers teaching a Foreign Language can bring useful knowledge to the process of ongoing training to these teachers within the core of their versatility. Human activity is invisible as much for the observers as for the actors themselves, which leads us to fall back on the theoretical and methodological frameworks of the ergonomic teaching activity which joins a historical-cultural perspective and is fed by the fertile contributions of a clinic of activity. The method of Self-Confrontation, an indirect method, allows us to create a specific space where we take into account the experience of the teachers and where we seek to transform the work in order to understand it. We turned to the analysis of the activity of six teachers engaged in the teaching of English in order to report on their methods, their judgments and compromises in action. A primary representation of their teaching practices thus allows three principle registers of action linked to their mastery of classroom management, to their knowledge of the didactic and pedagogical process of the teaching of Foreign Languages and their mastery of the target language. A specific process linked to self-confidence emerged during the course of the study and played a central role in their activity. A new understanding of versatility is thus envisioned where we propose to link the work analysis and training. The "put into live action" breaks down the perspectives coming from our targeted online research
Gras, Samuel. "La vallée de la Loire à l’époque de Jean Fouquet : la carrière de trois enlumineurs actifs entre 1460 et 1480." Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30021/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the career of some painters active during the peak of fame of Jean Fouquet (1415/20 - 1478/81), painter and illuminator active during the third quarter of the fifteenth century who spent most of his career in the Loire Valley, Tours, during the time of Charles VII (1403-1461) and Louis XI (1423-1483). Particular attention is given on manuscripts attributed to an anonymous master called the Master of the Vienna Mamerot / Master of the Yale Missal or Master of Christophe de Champagne. It is necessary to review the work assigned to this illuminator and to reorganize the corpus now distributed between three illuminators: the Master of Jeanne de France and the Master of Macé Prestesaille, whose careers take shape for the first time, and the Master Mamerot Vienna / Master of the Yale Missal or Master of Christophe de Champagne himself, that we propose to identify as Guillaume Piqueau, an illuminator based in Tours and known by two archives. The aim of this revaluation is to offer new groups of manuscripts which emerge three with distinct illuminator’s profiles. They offer the possibility to better understand their work and more generally the production painting in Tours between 1460 and 1480. A copy of Des cas des nobles hommes et femmes baptizes one of them the Master of Jeanne de France, in relation with the name of the owner. A dozen manuscripts, made between the 1460s until the late 1470s, mark precisely the career of the painter. Its trajectory shows the professional relationships developed between some of western illuminations French workshops. A second illuminator can be called the Master of Macé Prestesaille from a manuscript executed in 1475 for the Prestesaille family, based in Touraine. He appears as a secondary painter in Tours by a more sober style but his career can be highlighted by seven manuscripts that provide an overview of his production. More than twenty manuscripts are linked to the Master of the Vienna Mamerot / Master of the Yale Missal or Master of Christophe de Champagne. We propose to identify these unknown painters as Guillaume Piqueau, a painter based in Tours known to have illuminated a Vita Christi for Queen Charlotte de Savoie in 1482
Matteï-Mieusset, Claire. "Les dilemmes d'une pratique d'accompagnement et de conseil en formation : analyse de l'activité réelle du maître de stage dans l'enseignement secondaire." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIML005/document.
Full textThe object of this doctoral thesis is about the activity of the supervisor (S) in his position of supporting and mentoring of a trainee teacher (TT) while teaching in secondary schools. Whilst usually and historically accepted as part of the teachers' education, this activity is not a proper position since casually taken on by teachers on top of their job. We based our analysis of the Supervisor's activity in his work environment on the concepts of the Clinic of activity. Through the Instruction to the double Method we have been able to get an understanding of the actual activity of fifteen Supervisors in four different academic subjects (English, Sport, History & Geography, Mathematics). Our outcomes demonstrate that this role is not limited to the visit in the class followed by an interview but it is composed of tasks spread over nine faces themselves related throughout eight dilemmas. A matrix analysis reveals the unique activity of the Supervisor as well as an activity that lacks professional guidance. The Supervisor is facing conflicting concerns to eventually finds his activity among one of the three identified practices of supporting and mentoring: “teacher” Supervisor, “professional development” Supervisor, “emotional” Supervisor. Based on the developmental conceptualization of the “work activity” (Clot, 2008), we highlighted the four features - personal, interpersonal, impersonal, transpersonal - in the Supervisor's activity. However transpersonal and impersonal features are quite less represented than the other two features. This causes an important lack of balance in the “work activity” core dynamic that restricts the potential of development of the activity. This work eventually leads up to suggestions for improvements within design and application of educational processes in order to make possible for Supervisors to be proactive on their activity
Fargue, Agnès. "Maîtrise des flux de gènes chez le colza : Etude ex-ante de l'impact de différentes innovations variétales." Phd thesis, INAPG (AgroParisTech), 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005713.
Full textPour lévaluer dans diverses situations culturales, le modèle GENESYS-COLZA a été utilisé. Différentes expérimentations ont été mises en place pour mesurer leffet de la compétitivité, du taux dautogamie et de lémission de pollen sur les flux de gènes et mesurer leur gamme de variation. Le modèle a ensuite été utilisé pour estimer leffet des paramètres génotypiques sur les flux de gènes. Les paramètres les plus pertinents semblent être lémission de pollen et lautogamie pour les flux entre parcelles et la hauteur pour la contamination des cultures suivantes.
Dautres simulations ont été effectuées pour répondre à des questions de la filière.
Sato, Ryo. "Penser le néant, vivre libre : sur quelques thèses de Maître Eckhart et leur résonance dans la philosophie de l'École de Kyoto." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAK006/document.
Full textKeiji Nishitani, philosopher of the Kyoto School, developed his philosophy of religion, studying the German sermons of Meister Eckhart, in the light of the notion of “absolute nothingness” of Kitarô Nishida. He applies that notion to the “Godhead” (Gotheit) outlined in Eckhart’s preaching, where he discovers the idea of awakening to the elemental subjectivity in human soul. This awakening opens up to the soul a liberty “in Godwithout God”, accessible to the religious intelligence detached from all dualism. In this perspective, how can we integrate the metaphysics exposed by Eckhart in his Latin works ? In the Commentary on the Gospel of John, Eckhart explains his vision of God, Being-One, “Principle without principle”, and he teaches to “live” the unity between “being” and “knowing”, of which the beatitude consists. Our study revolves around the thinking on “live the life”. We try to unify the detachment in the “nothingness of the Godhead” according to Nishitani and the “unlimited Being” according to the biblical commentary, so as to show the Eckhartian thought as a synergy between metaphysic speculation and existential practice to experience the Transcendent in our immanent life
Lallaï, Daniel. "Les déterminants des performances scolaires des écoles rurales : l’exemple des élèves de CM2 des classes à plusieurs cours dans les Alpes de Haute-Provence." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3073.
Full textIn the 1960s/1970s, all the studies have reported that pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds perform less well in school than those from advantaged backgrounds (Coleman, 1966 ; Bourdieu & Passeron, 1964 et 1970 ; Baudelot & Establet, 1971).Research during the 1990s/2000s has shown that pupils from rural schools get good performance (Oeuvrard, 1993 ; Lebossé, 1998, the works of the Rural School Observatory, 2001 et 2005).Yet rural territories are mostly composed of families who come from disadvantaged backgrounds. So, what are the reasons for these good results ?The objective of this study is to test the hypotheses that the effect of the establishment, the effect of the class and the effect of the teacher, which are specific to rural school, explain this good performance.To validate these hypotheses, a survey was conducted concerning the results of national assessments in 2011, for the 1810 pupils in CM2 of the schools situated in the department of Alpes de Haute-Provence. The data is used by means of statistical calculations and a content analysis of the inspection reports of these pupils' teachers.The findings of this research reveal that it is structural effects which are linked to the specificity of rural schools that are the determinants of these educational outcomes. These are in fact primary schools, those less than five classes, multigrade classrooms, only a few pupils enrolled in a class as well as teachers' specific professional acts and professional skills that explain this good performance
Lassaad, Kalai. "L’erreur orthographique dans les productions écrites des élèves tunisiens : origine du dysfonctionnement et contribution à la maîtrise de la compétence orthographique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030093/document.
Full textIn the Tunisian school context, with its impact on almost all academic disciplines, especially in high school, mastering the written French language is central to students learning and is a key component of academic success. The spelling, as an important component of writing, is a fearsome obstacle for those who do not master it. Looking for the true causes of spelling difficulties of Tunisian students and proposing ways to help teachers and learners, this is the approach that we have adapted both for criticism and action. This paper outlines the context in which teaching and learning of French- in general and spelling in particular- are done, analyzes the data, the students' written works and questionnaires, trying to bring out the causes of dysfunction and invests the researches' contributions in spelling to present a modest suggestion by way of a contribution for the improvement of spelling skills of Tunisian students. This study shows ultimately the importance of taking into account the specificity of the Tunisian context in the development of curricula
Wiorogorska, Zuzanna. "Shaping information literacy for enhancing the use of scientific journals comparative study on academic users' behaviour." Thesis, Lille 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL30052/document.
Full textThe purpose of the research described in this thesis was: to present the problem of information literacy (IL) from the perspective of the previous works in this domain, especially those conducted in France and in Poland; to evaluate the experience, knowledge, and skills of French and Polish doctoral students in the area of use of scientific journals offered by academic libraries; and to prepare and educational project for doctoral students, based on IL international standards and principally aimed at increasing the use of scientific journals
Jakani, Yasmine. "Résurgences dostoïevskiennes dans "Lord Jim" de Conrad, "La Chute" de Camus et "Le Maître de Pétersbourg" de Coetzee : la figure de l'errant." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20093/document.
Full textJoseph Conrad, Albert Camus and John-Maxwell Coetzee take an interest in the theme of wandering through their novels. Especially, confronting the figure of the wanderer with the paradoxes of alterity and guilt is what we offer to highlight. Before them, Fyodor Dostoevsky establishes with the figure of Raskolnikov the powerful tormented conscience’s schism about to wander. Taking as a starting point Crime and punishment, it is about calling out, questioning and bringing the texts face to face where the wandering figures undertake the paradoxical and laborious identity quest. Lord Jim, The Fall and The Master of Petersburg allow to identify the nature of interactions that bond guilt and suffering, autarky and social role through the raskolnikovian prism. Beyond that, it is about bringing back the identitary questioning to the common base of the wandering way in the 20th century novels. Through the analysis of these novels, this PhD offers to show how the evolution of the wanderer’s figure inverts the traditional paradigms linked to the salvation-suffering mechanism, and how it allows a new nihilism to see the light of the day
Gagné, Maxime. "L'impact des jeux vidéo sur la maîtrise des temps verbaux en anglais langue seconde = : The effect of video games on the mastery of verb tenses in English as a second language (ESL)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69382.
Full textVideo games are not only a source of entertainment, as they also provide authentic language input for second language learners. Specifically, this study investigates the effect of video games on grammatical mastery of English as a second language (ESL) among a targeted sample of Quebecers. To test the hypothesis that video games impact a higher level of mastery of ESL, an online survey was distributed to 16 volunteer participants who were divided into two specific groups identified as gamers and non-gamers. Participants provided a written text in English of approximately 250 words on any topic which was evaluated for grammar and lexical quality. All participants were UQAC students, and all students were identified as originating from historically high percentage French-speaking environments. Moreover, a small sample of participants was directly observed during the process of gaming to evaluate the specific use and frequency of certain common verb tenses. All submissions were evaluated for the correct use of verb tense and data was gathered based on the number of grammatical and lexical errors. Comparison of these values allows for a qualitative means of analyzing these two groups of participants. In general, it was found that gamers statistically performed better than non-gamers, both grammatically and lexically. They also made fewer mistakes. However, it became apparent during this study that there are additional influences that may contribute to the mastery of ESL.
Chu, Huu Thang. "Effets du contrat d'entreprise : comparaison franco-vietnamienne." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020033/document.
Full textThe thesis examines the comparison of the effects of the contract of enterprise in Vietnamese law and French law. Within the special contracts, in a world of greater economy of services, the contract of enterprise plays from now on a major role with various operations. It would be with a ruddy complexion, because most of the services can steal into the legal mold of the contract of enterprise, thus that are concerned craftsmen, artists, medical services, liberal professions, etc. Synallagmatic, the contract of enterprise engenders mutual obligations chargeable to the contractor and the owner. The study allowed to point out the obligations that constitute the common rules of the contract of enterprise and, to notice that the obligations following the contract of enterprise are specific because of the particular aspects of this agreement.The particularities are undeniable with respect to the main and secondary obligations of the contractor towards his owner and on the contrary. Both parties should be sanctioned by the non-fulfillment of the contractual obligations and to be exempted from the responsibility by justifying the causes of exemption. Comparative studies of these particularities in French law and in Vietnamese law will allow to notice the similarities and the differences between both legal systems. The two countries are close on the legal plan. Thus, the conclusion that emerges is that certain provisions of the French law could usefully inspire the Vietnamese legislators and vice versa
Goulet, André. "Épidémiologie du champignon Chondrostereum purpureum, agent de maîtrise biologique de la reproduction végétative des feuillus de lumière en milieu forestier, Epidemiology of the fungus Chondrostereum purpureum, a biological control agent of the asexual reproduction of deciduous tree species in forest environment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq26214.pdf.
Full textHeute, Véronique. "Édition critique des lettres de Juliette Drouet à Victor Hugo de 1874-1875." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040074.
Full textFor fifty years, from 1833 to 1883, Juliette Drouet wrote about twenty-two thousand letters to Victor Hugo. The corpus studied, 653 letters more one envelope, offers the continuous reading of the letters, transcribed and annotated. It is part of a project of the complete edition of this correspondence, which Florence Naugrette, Professor at the University Paris-Sorbonne, is the Director. These letters have a triple interest : biographical, historical and literary. Juliette Drouet describes new family life of Victor Hugo who decided to meet her grandchildren, daughter-in-law and Juliette Drouet, different floors in the same building of the 21 street of Clichy. This move is announced early in the year 1874 and occupies number of letters, just as the development of the second floor where lives of Juliette Drouet and where Victor Hugo works and receives his guests at his dinner and his evenings. Moreover, these letters are a testimony of the daily life of a housewife at the end of the 19th century, and her servants. They also evoke the proximity with animals, the use of drugs and give valuable information on the relationships between patients, health and medicine. Their literary interest is revealed in the reviews of Quatrevingt-Treize and the readings of Le Rappel, in addition to the hybrid kind of epistolary diary that these letters have. Victor Hugo legitimate this relationship with the five letters that he write her every year and shows that Juliette Drouet is the cornerstone of his existence
Cassam-Chenai, Natacha. "La rationalisation des dépenses fiscales en faveur des investissements immobiliers ultramarins des personnes physiques." Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0024.
Full textTax expenditures in favor of the ultramarine real estate investments of natural persons, established for some thirty years now, may well be erased from the French tax landscape: on the one hand, the expected end of these expenditures is fast approaching and on the other hand, these expenses are the subject of much criticism and part of the doctrine militates for their abolition, mainly on the grounds that such expenditure would violate the principle of equality and that they would be too costly and thus detrimental to the Public finances, knowing that the level of public debt is a matter of concern and that control of public funds is required both at national and at European level. At least, a thorough review of these tax expenditures and the law governing them can be used to refute certain stereotypes and to offer a new approach to these expenditures. This examination reveals, against all odds, that these expenses contribute to the restoration of public finances and thus meet the requirement of control of public funds. Moreover, it shows that these expenditures enjoy great legitimacy and must be maintained and extended; they are not contrary to the principle of equality and even allow this principle to flourish; moreover, they make it possible to give concrete expression to the principle of solidarity (notably because they help to guarantee the right to housing and the right to health) and thus constitute "imperious" expenditure, the urgency of expenditures being a new concept emitted - intended to be used for all tax expenditures - making it possible to differentiate between expenditures that must necessarily be made and which could be converted into budgetary expenditures, and those that could not, given the principle of necessity of the tax. However, for such imperious expenses, the question of the justification of their fiscal nature is crucial, that is why a method has been developed to determine whether the tax nature of such expenditures is justified. This method has shown that the fiscal nature of the said expenses favoring the ultramarine investments is appropriate. As legitimate as these expenditures are, however, they are not without criticism and deserve to be reformed. These include better protecting taxpayers who are investing for the purpose of obtaining a tax advantage (among other things by combating questionable legal insecurity) and reducing certain inequalities caused by such expenditures. In this regard, and in order to better respect the principle of solidarity, a number of proposals have been made (some of which could benefit all tax expenditures), among which is the idea of offering taxpayers the opportunity to make their tax-advantaged investments through the tax department, which would transfer the funds belonging to taxpayers to a publicly run company, a proposal with many advantages
Nadeau-Bernatchez, David. "Le documentaire : rétrospective critique d'un genre cinématographique et applications dans le cadre académique contemporain." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24084/24084.pdf.
Full textArrieu-Mutel, Aline. "Les pratiques d'évaluations formatives et verdictives verbales des enseignants : le cas de deux enseignants de sciences-physiques en lycée général en France." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20067/document.
Full textOur exploratory research, referred to as descriptive, explanatory and comprehensive, consists of exploring a rarely debated area: the verbal evaluation of students by teachers to immediately improve learning and the difficulties observed. We hypothesize that in teaching - learning situations, the teacher is subject to constraining factors that must be overcome in order for the class to move forward: they must ensure that the majority of students build the knowledge expected or meet the educational and didactic objectives planned for the lesson. We will devise a model for the practice of the assessment, using the interrelation of the act of the formative and verbal assessment by the teacher, the representation of their assessment and the situational and peripheral environment. The data obtained, shows the organisation of the constituent patterns of the interactions between the formative and verbal assessment and the answers (or questions) of the students within the determinants of the class; a few encourage a regulation of the process of learning whilst others contribute to the progression of the didactic process. The research into the organisation of these patterns also highlights the presence of discriminating informations (discernements) with regards to the situational context, the concerns of the teacher focused the construction of precise disciplinary content, guided the timing of the class and the socio-cultural aims attained. The latter highlights the understanding of the difficulties of students and the completion of school programmes in years seconde and première scientifique in France
Rodriguez, Baca Georgina Renée, and Baca Georgina Renée Rodriguez. "Measures and procedures to manage wildfire risk with applications to the sustainability of timber supply in an eastern canadian boreal forest." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27711.
Full textBien que les stratégies de gestion du risque et de l'incertitude soient de plus en plus reconnues comme une dimension critique de l’aménagement des ressources naturelles, leur mise en œuvre reste encore à développer. Cependant la gravité du risque, les dommages potentiels qui y sont associés ainsi que sa probabilité d’occurrence demeurent souvent méconnus. Cette étude analyse différentes stratégies de gestion des risques utilisées dans la planification de l’aménagement forestier. Nous avons évalué des stratégies qui pouvaient protéger le niveau de récolte face aux risques de feu. Un modèle d'optimisation et de simulation a été conçu pour évaluer l'impact du risque de feu sur les calculs de possibilité forestière dans un contexte d’aménagement écosystémique de la zone boréale de la province de Québec au Canada. Nous avons comparé deux stratégies de mitigation des impacts. La stratégie dans laquelle les coûts d’une prime d'assurance sont pris en compte s’est révélée relativement meilleure que celle consistant à une mise en réserve de bois (chapitre I). Nous avons également évalué une stratégie menant à l’exclusion des peuplements les plus vulnérables au feu en raison de leur faible taux de croissance (chapitre II). Cette stratégie s’est également révélée meilleure que celle visant la mise en réserve de bois. Finalement, nous avons évalué le potentiel que présente la coupe partielle comme stratégie visant à réduire le temps d’exposition au risque. Combinée la mise en réserve de bois (fond de réserve), la coupe partielle s’avère un outil des plus utile (chapitre III). L’étude révèle qu’une stratégie ciblée telle que l’exclusion des peuplements vulnérables ou l’augmentation de la proportion des coupes partielles performe mieux qu’une stratégie non ciblée telle que le fond de réserve. Bien que nous ayons abordé différentes stratégies d’aménagement forestier dans cette thèse, des points importants restent encore à éclaircir, en particulier la tolérance au risque et le contexte dans lequel il se développe.
Although, management strategies dealing with risk and uncertainty have become a critical issue over the past several years, solutions are still to be developed. However, how can one judge the severity of risk when the potential damage and its probability are unknown? This study develops a framework for analyzing risk management strategies in forest management planning. We delineated how these management strategies could address the risk to protect timber harvest against disruptions. We tested optimization and simulation model to estimate the impact of risk associated with fire in timber supply calculations in an ecosystem context in boreal zone of the province of Quebec, Canada. Since paying, an insurance premium appeared to produce better results than partitioning buffer stock, (chapter I). The rating of wood volume available to harvest as a function of its vulnerability to fire can be used to reduce the impacts of fire on timber supply (chapter II). This idea was extended to test the adaptability of partial cutting coupled with buffer stock and accounting for the uncertainty induced by fire and projected climate scenarios (chapter III). As there are different levels of risk and different levels of tolerance to risk, the study results have shown that the process of risk evaluation itself needs to be accepted in its degree of uncertainties and its severity. As far as the insurance is concerned, it looks like a good strategy, but find an insurance company that is interested enough to believe there are enough potential customers to pay the premiums to make a profit could be required. The results also reveal that a targeted strategy such as excluding vulnerable stands from timber supply or adaptation of silvicultural treatment such as partial cutting may greatly interesting when facing risk scenario. Although, we covered different forest management strategies in this thesis, important issues still need to be considered in order to improve the knowledge associated with risk of fire; especially the context in which it develops.
Although, management strategies dealing with risk and uncertainty have become a critical issue over the past several years, solutions are still to be developed. However, how can one judge the severity of risk when the potential damage and its probability are unknown? This study develops a framework for analyzing risk management strategies in forest management planning. We delineated how these management strategies could address the risk to protect timber harvest against disruptions. We tested optimization and simulation model to estimate the impact of risk associated with fire in timber supply calculations in an ecosystem context in boreal zone of the province of Quebec, Canada. Since paying, an insurance premium appeared to produce better results than partitioning buffer stock, (chapter I). The rating of wood volume available to harvest as a function of its vulnerability to fire can be used to reduce the impacts of fire on timber supply (chapter II). This idea was extended to test the adaptability of partial cutting coupled with buffer stock and accounting for the uncertainty induced by fire and projected climate scenarios (chapter III). As there are different levels of risk and different levels of tolerance to risk, the study results have shown that the process of risk evaluation itself needs to be accepted in its degree of uncertainties and its severity. As far as the insurance is concerned, it looks like a good strategy, but find an insurance company that is interested enough to believe there are enough potential customers to pay the premiums to make a profit could be required. The results also reveal that a targeted strategy such as excluding vulnerable stands from timber supply or adaptation of silvicultural treatment such as partial cutting may greatly interesting when facing risk scenario. Although, we covered different forest management strategies in this thesis, important issues still need to be considered in order to improve the knowledge associated with risk of fire; especially the context in which it develops.
Gerritsma, Eric. "Continuous and discrete stochastic models of the F1-ATPase molecular motor." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210110.
Full textdoctorat est d’étudier et de décrire les propriétés chimiques et mé-
caniques du moteur moléculaire F1 -ATPase. Le moteur F1 -ATPase
est un moteur rotatif, d’aspect sphérique et d’environ 10 nanomètre
de rayon, qui utilise l’énergie de l’hydrolyse de l’ATP comme car-
burant moléculaire.
Des questions fondamentales se posent sur le fonctionnement de
ce moteurs et sur la quantité de travail qu’il peut fournir. Il s’agit
de questions qui concernent principalement la thermodynamique
des processus irréversibles. De plus, comme ce moteur est de
taille nanométrique, il est fortement influencé par les fluctuations
moléculaires, ce qui nécessite une approche stochastique.
C’est en créant deux modéles stochastiques complémentaires de
ce moteur que nous avons contribué à répondre à ces questions
fondamentales.
Le premier modèle discuté au chapitre 5 de la thèse, est un mod-
èle continu dans le temps et l’espace, décrit par des équations de
Fokker-Planck, est construit sur des résultats expérimentaux.
Ce modèle tient compte d’une description explicite des fluctua-
tions affectant le degré de liberté mécanique et décrit les tran-
sitions entre les différents états chimiques discrets du moteur,
par un processus de sauts aléatoires entre premiers voisins. Nous
avons obtenus des résultats précis concernant la chimie d’hydrolyse
et de synthèse de l’ATP, et pour les dépendences du moteur en les
différentes variables mécaniques, à savoir, la friction et le couple
de force extérieur, ainsi que la dépendence en la température.
Les résultats que nous avons obtenus avec ce modèle sont en ex-
cellent accord avec les observations expérimentales.
Le second modèle est discret dans l’espace et continu dans le
temps et est décrit dans le chapitre 6. L’analyse des résultats
obtenus par simulations numériques montre que le modèle est
en accord avec les observations expérimentales et il permet en
outre de dériver des grandeurs thermodynamiques analytique-
ment, décrites au chapitre 4, ce que le modèle continu ne permet
pas.
La comparaison des deux modèles révele la nature du fonction-
nement du moteur, ainsi que son régime de fonctionnement loin
de l’équilibre. Le second modèle a éte soumis récemment pour
publication.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Drahi, Patricia. "L’expérience de l’enseignement de la Shoah en France par des professeurs de collège et de lycée : un analyseur de l’expertise professionnelle face à une question socialement vive." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100077/document.
Full textSince the beginning of the 2000’s, teaching Shoah has been perceived as a deep social is-sue in France which may well change the rules of classroom practices. This thesis studies the experience of teaching the Shoah from the point of view of secondary school teachers. Drawing from 30 semi-directive interviews, this research in education shows from the inside how the teachers questioned perceive this teaching and its difficulties. This thesis shows how teachers deal with this issue from an educational point of view and the answers they provide. The results underline difficulties stemming from “the pupils’ point of view”: presumed satura-tion, anti-Semitism, competition between memoirs, but also competition between social backgrounds and school knowledge. “From the teachers’ point of view” the intensity of the issue is also present, dividing more than federating the members of the educational team. Moreover, the emotional impact on the teacher concerning the confrontation between school knowledge and social background conveyed by pupils can create and increase the difficulties encountered. The teachers who show confidence in this teaching have disclosed through classroom stories that they fully invest the didactic pole and the educational pole of their po-sition. In doing so, they hail, welcome and accept the social background with the necessary benevolence and unstructured consciousness that this entails. Helping pupils express them-selves but not letting them talk without knowing helps the teacher answer questions in a precise and rigorous historical framework and is against relativistic or normative drifting as defined by Legardez (2006). The framework of ethical and citizen indicators as far as the management of emotions in the classroom is concerned (including the teacher's emotions) also part of the framework built by the teacher. Thus, these latter alternate between the di-dactic pole and educational pole and enable them to bring in and adopt the improvisational operation mode of the expert instructor as defined by Tochon (1993). In some sensitive situa-tions, the teaching of the Shoah is compared to a fight. A typology inspired by Jacques Pain's thoughts concerning the regulation of delinquent violence through martial arts has emerged: the strategist fighter, the dauntless fighter, the emotional fighter or the aloof witnesses are the various teaching figures that have emerged from this research
Nguyen, Thi Thu Tra. "Revisiting the determinants of changes in MBA curriculum in France : the introduction of leadership-related modules in MBA, between differentiation and conformity." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CNAM1083/document.
Full textIn recent literature, Management Education is frequently described as a business industry, with the MBA program as its flagship product. Whilst attempting to position their programs in an increasingly competitive market, business schools continuously develop and renew the MBA. As a result, Management Education has become a new area of management study. The MBA has enjoyed a remarkable growth in recent decades, to the point that is has become a globally recognised degree. However, it has also received considerable criticism, especially regarding its curriculum content and organization. Using a qualitative interview-based research on French MBA programs and curricula development, this study focuses on the interaction of stakeholders in the MBA curriculum development, notably in light of the introduction of leadership-related modules. Its main findings evidence the strategic role and influence of the main stakeholders, i.e. regulators, suppliers and “clients”, in the MBA curriculum development process. The continuing improvement of the MBA curriculum reflects the recommendations of the regulators as well as the perspective of the suppliers, but the influence of demanders is more limited. This research led to the identification and the specification of a spiral evolution model, for the interaction of stakeholders in the organization of MBA and Management Education creates a synergistic growth in the industry that enables both organizations and the industry to be more efficient
Helou, Kasser-Antton. "Étude et édition de l'Estoire d'Outremer, d'après le manuscrit Firenze, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, pluteus LXI.10, f.274-336." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040163.
Full textThe Estoire d’outremer is a sweeping historical account that represents one of the main Frankish sources for the history of the crusades. It contains the French translation of William of Tyre’s Historia rerum in partibus transmarinis gestarum, to which is added a compilation of several chronicles retracing the history of the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem until 1277. The Estoire d’outremer is rooted in the didactic genre as well as in aristocratic literature, and represents one of the first testaments of prose hagiography in the French language. It is evidence of the well read, although not scholarly public which emerged during the 12th and the 13th centuries, and which was keen to uncover its past. We present here the edition of the Pluteus LXI.10 manuscript at the Laurentian Library in Florence, from the f. 274 to the f. 336 (the period 1185-1247). It is part of a complex and heterogeneous ensemble of more than fifty manuscripts, and is a particularly precious testimony on several counts. Copied in Outremer French – an oïl dialect shaped in the Holy Land – it was the last manuscript to have been completed at St.-Jean d’Acre before the fall of the city and kingdom, and was the crowning achievement of a long historiographical tradition. The manuscript is complete, sumptuous and richly decorated, showcasing the particular practice of ultramarine workshops and the mastery of their ornementists. Its pages display the most consummate works produced by the Paris-Acre Master. Our text edition is presented with a comprehensive critical apparatus, a literary presentation, some codicological, linguistic and paleographical studies, a glossary, an index and a chronology
Nguyen, Thanh Hao. "Gestion optimale d’un système multi-réservoirs pour le contrôle des crues : Application au bassin versant du Vu Gia Thu Bon, Vietnam." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4027.
Full textThe main objective of the current research is to control flood flows and flood levels at various locations at the downstream of the Vu Gia Thu Bon catchment. Due to the characteristics of the system and the targeted optional objectives, a flood control operating strategy has been developed based on coupled simulation-optimization to reduce downstream flood damage of the multi-reservoir system by using spillway gates. The objective function is minimizing the total damages during the flood events that can be expressed as a function of water surface elevations at the inundation zones.The proposed method is based upon combining of three major components: (1) a hydraulic 1D model that allows simulating the flows in the river including the reservoir system, (2) an operation reservoir module adopted for simulation of the multi-reservoir considering physical constraints of the system as well as operation strategies, and (3) an optimization model applied to determine the best set of spillway gates levels, which specify the reservoir release.The method has been successfully implemented for the multi-reservoir system in the Vu Gia Thu Bon catchment. Three flood events in 2007, 2009 and 2017 were selected for demonstration. In order to assess performance of the approach and for comparison purpose, three developed scenarios that are representing operations the reservoir system in the historical, the current rules and the proposed model have been used. The results indicate that the proposed model provides much better performance for all scenarios in terms of reducing the peak flow as well as reducing the maximum water levels at downstream control points compared to the rest scenarios
Abubakar, Aminu Sahabi. "Contribution to the development of new maintenance strategies integrated to control charts for a production process under service levels, operational, and quality constraints." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0055.
Full textThe current production industry is characterise by significant progress: a massive increase in high technology, the emergence of exigent customers, competitive markets, varied product quality, and random demands required the collaborations of the inter-related aspects of production. The production, maintenance, and quality are the most critical aspects of the industrial system. We are interested in optimising maintenance that plays a critical role in customer satisfaction, sustainability, and the development of companies. Our study is centred on developing production and maintenance integrated into a control chart of quality policy. We propose new integrated maintenance strategies with an in-depth analysis of the continuous production process reliability improvements and treated under customer requirements (Service, quality, and cost) constraints. The integration and optimal coordination of these factors of production is not easy and represent a challenge for industrial companies, and are more challenging with multi-assignable causes of production process variation. To address this problem, this research work employed the use of a control chart tool in combination with the AFNOR principles known as Rule of seven as involved in quality management. To monitor, analyses and direct appropriate maintenance actions for continuous system reliability improvements along the different multiple process scenarios as decision levels. We use the interactions between the production process and product quality for strategies of maintenance which reduce the failure of the production system by improving process reliability and reducing the no conformal products. The study Significantly focused on quality, quality tools, and their applications in production and maintenance control. The technique we used to optimise the maintenance and quality control of an integrated production system is a control chart tool based on statistical measurement and analysis of quality parameters. We model different production problems and develop a control policy for randomly failing production systems that must satisfy customer requirements dynamically throughout the finite production horizon. We introduced a mathematical model to minimise the total costs of production, inventory, maintenance, and quality control. The optimisation of the maintenance strategy was integrated into a control chart tool information. Based on the production rate variation and its impact on machine degradation the number of maintenance, times, and intervals needed for prudent decision-making is determined by the developed algorithm. In this context, this research presents the derivation for different cases of all the probabilities for the process to be in or out of control, the average run lengths, and the restoration cycle durations. Based on the degradation factor, new failure rate equations are formulated, and then the average failure rate for each case, we formulated different maintenance cost optimisation models. The proposed approach is useful for precise calculation and minimisation of the total maintenance cost. Which optimises total production cost considering all possible production process statuses due to multiple causes. Our work contributes to the emergence of quality management and performance improvement techniques that will contribute to the development of production companies
Pereira, Figueira José Márcio. "The use of offline simulation tools to estimate ship-helicopter operating limitations." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0511/document.
Full textHelicopter land-based limitations are not valid in the shipboard environment. There is no analytical or simulated approved methodology for evaluating shipboard helicopter compatibility issues and preparing for at-sea flight tests. In this context, the present work presents the development and analysis of an offline methodology to determine the Ship-Helicopter Operating Limitations, SHOLs, based on pilot model predictions. For this, pilot-in-the-loop simulation trials are performed at the engineering fixed-base simulation facility of ONERA, Salon de Provence. Based on these test results, an innovative methodology is proposed and validated to determine the safe pilot workload limitation, from the measurements of the helicopter control displacements. In addition, it is proposed and validated innovative modifications on a classical pilot model enabling to follow complex predefined desired trajectories and provide the same level of control activity of a real pilot. A set of objective criteria, corresponding to the safety margins, is established in addition to the subjective criteria, corresponding to the safe pilot workload limitations. An offline simulation routine, so-called SholSim, is coded to run all models and verify the acceptability of the flight conditions, according to the subjective and objective criteria. Therefore, the present work presents the first estimation, in the literature, of the SHOLs fully obtained from offline tools, based only on pilot model predictions. The proposed methodology is promising, confirmed by predicting coherent limits when compared to the ones defined by the pilot-in-the-loop simulation trials
Hennard, Francois. "De la préparation au pilotage de la classe ; pour une intelligibilité des pratiques." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20054/document.
Full textBuilt in multireferentiality, on the postulates of the sociocultural psychology of Vygotski, of the clinical analysis of activity (Y. Clot), of the ergonomics of the activity, the finality of this study is to build an intelligibility of the practices, habitus and singularity intermingled, in an understanding and développementale approach of the actions of preparation, like “a presence with the future” .Which bonds make the teachers between the direction, the form and the methods of their anticipatrice action of preparation and the action in progress of their effective control of the class, their leading (piloting) of the tasks, with the complexity of a situation of teaching-training, at the elementary school during an experimentation of ground in cross autoconfrontation?This PROBLEMATIC is organized in a descriptive and understanding step around three ASSUMPTIONS: Assumption 1, about the nature of the practice - each professional interprets the preparation differently. Assumption 2, between it to what the anticipation of the meeting relates (facilitating or not the management of unforeseen) and its effective piloting. Assumption 3, on the possible prolongations in formation.The METHOD, a “quasi-experimentation”, the access to the daily reality of the practices allows, in an enquiring space of co-construction experts / researcher, in support of the autoconfrontation which makes it possible “to make live the conscience to study it” (Vygotski), when this one is placed at the group of professional’s disposal, constituting the corpus, decree, in fine, on five singular actors, for a search for typicality of case of teachers.The INDICATORS of analysis, organized around the traces and of the designs of the preparation, make it possible to clarify the paradigm of anticipation and the preparation:- There are several configurations determined by the report with the support-tool and the management of the linguistic interactions.- The progress of the real enfolding class is the result of a system of interactions between piloting starting from the preparation and interpretations, major uncertainties, that the pupils make with the tasks. - While anticipating with the linear framework of the “canonical” preparation the teacher controls the linear one, on the opposite of the training and does not integrate a possibility of improvisation . It is not a sufficient tool of the trade, it makes it possible to establish relations of determination, but few relations of significance: interpretation thus remains in tension.To solve this tension, one can plan a complementary way, with the crossing of a private clinic of the educational relation and a private clinic of the activity: an individual and collective post-paration. This POST-PARATION - which allows problématiser, to introduce something which is not in the report of situation and to be in this presence with the future to allow the adjustment of the action - correlated with the professional style, in bond with the kind is constitutive of a capital of setting in words and of a repertory of acting out, which is resources to precede the action
Mourey, Marjorie. "Édition critique et commentaires du Roman de Buscalus (XVème siècle)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL149.
Full textA rich text in prose from the middle of the 15th century, the Roman de Buscalus blends fictional adventures with a framework considered historical in the Middle Ages. The achievements of Buscalus and his lineage are told, and the city of Tournai, from which the characters originate, is celebrated. The present study offers a critical edition of the first part of this unpublished romance. The critical text is based on a single manuscript, the BNF, fr. 9343. An apparatus, which includes a glossary and several indexes, accompanies it, as well as an analysis in which the text is successively studied from the point of view of ecdotics, linguistics and literature. Dedicated to the duke of Burgundy Philip the Good, and copied and illuminated in the workshop of the Wavrin Master, the Roman de Buscalus has until now been considered anonymous. The analysis proposes, by gathering a body of evidence, an authorial attribution to the clerk Jean Wauquelin, the duke’s writer. The supernatural, which may be considered as the most salient feature of the romance from a literary point of view, is also examined. The manner in which the register is treated provides a glimpse of the author’s opinions. By relating the establishment of a school of magic by a devil, a journey into the infernal regions and the warlike intervention of a Mesnie Hellequin, the author demonstrates an ambivalent attitude. He approaches the supernatural in a joyful way, like a narrative tool that allows him to devise extraordinary stories, while concurrently displaying his condemnation of the use of black magic and the act of consorting with demons
Yaïche, Alain. "Des élèves en situation d'échec électif en mathémathiques dans le contexte d'une ingénierie didactique collaborative au cycle 2 ? : pourquoi ? comment ?" Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0067.
Full textMany elementary school teachers are engaged, for teaching of mathematics at Cycle2, in an Collaborative type Engineerie named "ACE", whose design is inspired by the TACD, Theory of Joint Action in didactic. This thesis seeks to answer the question of why some pupils are considered as failing or struggling , while their teachers work in this engineering, ACE, designed precisely by researchers to promote pupil's success. The corpus of the data, constituted with reports of lessons observed in classrooms, by shared observations, conversations with teachers, or with pupils indicated as meeting difficulties, serves an clinical type analysis which focuses on the nature of the knowledge really learnt within the framework of the relation teaching / learning. This analysis highlights a certain number of phenomena that, when they occur, unbalance the relationship between the didactic contract and the environment, and are thus likely to induce educational inequalities and hinder the progression of learning. The presence of errors then appears as a strong indicator of the situation in which the pupil "failling", "held in check".By identifying the source of these errors, analyzing them and treating them, the teacher places the student at the origin of his action, and can intervene very quickly in order to relaunch the didactic contract.By thus ensuring the peculiar progress of each student on the path of knowledge, he optimizes the advance of didactic time, and also preserves the plural progress of all students in the class
Bel, Coraline. "Analysis of debris-flow occurrence in active catchments of the French Alps using monitoring stations." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAU007/document.
Full textFlows – such as debris flows – caused by heavy rainfalls in torrents can mobilise a huge amount of sediments. When they reach the urbanised areas, they may endanger the people’s safety or cause damages. Approaches aimed at mitigating torrential risk widely rely on rainfall intensity-duration thresholds which determine the minimum debris-flow triggering conditions. However, these thresholds suffer from a high variability related not only to inter-site differences but also to the method applied to design them. In addition, they are likely to cause false prediction because the intensity and the duration of the rainfall event are not the only explanatory variables. This PhD research work aim (i) to provide a rigorous methodological framework for designing rainfall threshold in order to limit the variability sources, and (ii) to improve their performances by including both the triggering and the predisposing factors. It is supported by field observations stemming from high-frequency monitoring stations installed since 2011 on two very active debris flow-prone torrents in the French Alps: the Manival and the Réal. First, the images and data gathered between 2011 and 2016 were analysed in order to detect and characterise the sediment laden-flows. To deal with the variety of recorded flows, a phenomenological classification was performed. Second, the minimum intensity-duration threshold for debris-flow triggering was assessed. The threshold sensitivity to the rainfall event definition was estimated. Third, a logistic regression model was used to discriminate the critical rainfall events which do not lead to a debris flow. It makes it possible to select the most relevant explanatory variables. At last, several avenues of work were proposed (i) to move the knowledge of debris-flow initiation conditions from a local to a regional level, with a view to application in a warning system dedicated to hydrometeorological risks, and (ii) to improve the ability to predict, not the debris-flow triggering in the production zone, but the debris-flow propagation up to the area concerned
Lee, Eunja. "Le rôle de l'enseignant dans les interactions en classe de FLE : analyses de cas des pratiques enseignantes en classeavec le public coréen." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2091.
Full textThe objective of the study is to highlight the functions of the teacher in FLE classroom interactions and to discover teaching methods that can lead to optimal teaching results of FLE in South Korea. We collected the oral corpus of both Korean and French teachers in class with Korean learners to compare their techniques and to identify how the learning objectives and learners' understanding are accomplished. The observed, recorded classes were analyzed in order to observe the method of constitution of the didactic scenario and the didactic strategies that each teacher chooses according to his own experiences and culture and their didactic effects. Interaction analysis in the classroom is accompanied by interviews with teachers before/ after the class ; The planning and the self-evaluation of each teacher enables us to understand their didactic choices. This study finally leads us to reflect on the type of teaching contextualized for Koreans; Interviews and a survey of learners are presented to identify their wants and needs and then discussed in relation to the work of the teacher. The study aims to establish the different roles of the teacher adapted to the Korean public
Giangola-Murzyn, Agathe. "Modélisation et paramétrisation hydrologique de la ville, résilience aux inondations." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01060497.
Full textVo, Ngoc Duong. "Modélisation hydrologique déterministe pour l'évaluation des risques d'inondation et le changement du climat en grand bassin versant. Application au bassin versant de Vu Gia Thu Bon, Viet Nam." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4056/document.
Full textClimate change due to the increase of greenhouse gas emissions is considered to be one of the major challenges to mankind in the 21st century. It will lead to changes in precipitation, atmospheric moisture, increase in evaporation and probably a higher frequency of extreme events. The consequences of these phenomena will have an influence on many aspects of human society. Particularly at river deltas, coastal regions and developing countries, the impacts of climate change to socio-economic development become more serious. So there is a need for a robust and accurate estimation of the variation of natural factors due to climate change, at least in the hydrological cycle and flooding events to provide a strong basis for mitigating the impacts of climate change and to adapt to these challenges. The aim of this study is to present a methodology to assess the impacts of different climate change scenarios on a flood prone area of a coastal river basin in the central region of Viet Nam – Vu Gia Thu Bon catchment. The hydrological simulations are based on a validated deterministic hydrological model which integrates geology, soil, topography, river systems and climate variables. The present day climate, over the period of 1991-2010 was reasonably simulated by the hydrological model. Future climate (2091-2100) information was obtained from a dynamical downscaling of the global climate models. The study also analyzes the changes in the flood dynamics of the study region, the hydrological shift and the uncertainties of climate change simulation
Tridon, Frédéric. "Mesure des précipitations à l'aide d'un radar en bande X non-cohérent à haute résolution et d'un radar en bande K à visée verticale. Application à l'étude de la variabilité des précipitations lors de la campagne COPS." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00777843.
Full textBouchenafa, Walid. "Modélisation des inondations en tunnel en cas de crue de la Seine pour le Plan de Protection des Risques Inondations de la RATP (PPRI)." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2338/document.
Full textThe 1910 flood of the Seine had a direct impact on the functioning of the different networks (Electricity network, sewerage, transport, water distribution). The RATP network was particularly affected in its functioning. The damage that centennial flood could cause today may be even greater because the current network is more vulnerable because of the numerous electrical and computer equipment that it comprises. The majority of the emergences (The water ingress) of the RATP is located in flood areas. During a major flooding of the Seine, the flows due to the floods propagate directly into the underground and central part of the network (Metro and RER) through these emergences. This thesis is interested in a hydrodynamic simulation by MIKE URBAN, Model used to model the RATP network due to its MOUSE engine developed by DHI for the sewerage networks. This work also presents the results obtained on a physical model of a subway station. The experimental data were used to model water ingress within the RATP network from the subway station. Network protection against infiltration requires a thorough knowledge of underground flow conditions. Infiltrations through the tunnels are estimated numerically. The aim of this research is to improve and validate a simulation model. It is a question of implementing an operational decision support tool which will allow the flood cell of the RATP to understand the functioning of its network in order to improve its flood risk protection plan
Veyrat-Charvillon, Stéphane. "ELABORATION D'UNE MÉTHODE DE PRÉDICTION DU VOLUME MAXIMAL D'UNE LAVE TORRENTIELLE (PREVENT)Géomorphologie torrentielle,Topographie de terrain et Stéréophotogrammétrie sur photographies aériennes d'archivesTorrents du Manival, du Merdarêt et des Arches (Alpes-du-Nord, Isère, France)." Phd thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011428.
Full textEldursi, Khalifa. "Minéralisations et Circulations péri-granitiques :Modélisation numérique couplée 2D/3D, Applications au District minier de Tighza (Maroc-Central)." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00423342.
Full textMaisonnas, Jean Pierre. "La formation historique de la déontologie de l'avocat en France entre la naissance des juridictions royales et la loi du 31 décembre 1971, voix du Prince ou libéralisme ?" Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE3065.
Full textIs ethics of lawyers emanating from them because of the necessities of its exercise or from the political authorities because it touches a sovereign task? France has not hesitated. Inspired in particular by THEODOSIUS and JUSTINIAN, borrowing Carolingians and chivalry religious morals, kings from St. Louis have legislated especially as the birth of royal courts at the end of the thirteenth century stabilized the role and title of the lawyer. The customs and the "stiles" completed this device. These principles (loyalty, independence, respect) will change over time into "uses". As long as the lawyer is a member of the judicial institution with a vocation to become executive, the deontology was based on a consensus. The venality of the offices depriving him of this promotion, transforms him into a simple "auxiliary", wayward to the point of stirring unlikely strikes. Impregnated with the fantasized grandeur of his ancestors in the antiquity he prefers to consolidate his social rank (nobility, precedence). From LOUIS XIV the deontology (ethics) freezes. The Revolution sweeps away this multisecular heritage. Pressed by the concepts of freedom and gratuitousness, the constituents, mostly lawyers, suppress the profession and the parliaments that are being hated. "Unofficial defenders", often without faith or law, take the place of lawyers. Ethics disappeared for twenty years. Reluctantly reinstated by NAPOLEON, these "factious" struggle all the nineteenth against the state for the control of "uses" weakening them (already in butte to societal currents: emancipation, nationality) a little more. The decree of 1920 settled this situation, which almost engulfed the Orders. Never again until 1971 will lawyers participate in the definition of their rules. At most one association (ANA) will make successful proposals. The wars illustrated the Prince's power of intervention in deontology by suspending it, overhauling it (prohibiting Jews) or creating permanent institutions (CAPA). “France Libre” preserved from Vichy everything that did not conflict with fundamental principles. The years 54/57 introduced liberal modifications (the right to wield funds, to associate, to claim unpaid fees). It is a place where the state did not give up to make the lawyer a civil servant: overseas. Except for Algeria, a "natural extension of France", in other countries under french domination, in a total disorder, far from its dreamed unity, France has, in the indifference of the bar associations, created a paradeontology vaguely evoking the “avoué”. Despite a legislative abundance, France has no more succeeded in imposing a universal code of ethics. Using renewed imaginative processes, the governors have, as required by a principle of realism, all invented to save a notoriously failing system until the inadmissible (prohibition to plead for the natives). In the years 1930/1936 the Republic resolved to establish "free bars", roughly modeled on those of metropolis, a liberal attempt without a future because of the war and the conflicts of decolonization. The Law of December 31, 1971 creating a "pleading-solicitor" dreaded by the caciques initiated a profound reform of the role of the lawyer and laid the groundwork for a subsequent evolution of ethics (institution of a national representation -CNB granting it legislative power in this area). It was nevertheless without the lawyers that the decree of ethics was published in 2005. Such a linear deontology is explained by the concern for the Prince to ensure to the infinity detail the perfection of his mission to judge, a metaphysics of the perfect. The commodification of the law, the extension of the field of the lawyer, the industrialization of the actors contradict this objective. Will France finally decide ?
Zakharava, Yuliya. "Analyse approfondie de quatre œuvres écrites pendant la maîtrise : observation, comparaison d’une démarche compositionnelle." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18920.
Full textMangerel, Philippe. "Qui est mort? (pièce en kit) - The master of creation remix - ; suivi de, Le maître et la créature." Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3832/1/M11349.pdf.
Full textTardrew, Vincent. "Processus compositionnel (mélodie, polyrythmie et polytonalité initialement improvisées) et orchestration : une analyse des cinq pièces composées à la maîtrise." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24568.
Full textThis thesis proposes an analysis of the composition process via melody, polytonality and polyrhythm through piano improvisation, ending with the orchestration of the five musical pieces composed during the two years of the master's in instrumental and vocal composition at the University of Montreal, from September 2017 to April 2019. These pieces are a Sextet, an Octet, a Movement for two pianos and percussions, 5 Miniatures for orchestra and Tristesse de la lune, a melody on a poem by Charles Baudelaire, totaling 33 minutes of music. We try to situate in a general context the place of these processes through the different references of the author to open fields of possibilities they bring to the future.
Lima, Brito Mariana. "La capoeira : une ethnographie de pratiques d'amateurs.es dans une école de Montréal." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20050.
Full textErmont, Nathalie. "La mise en scène du savoir-faire musical au cinéma." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11004.
Full textThis research aims at making an inventory and an analysis of the narrative, rhetorical and formal processes, in which three movies are presenting the musical know-how, and especially the teaching-learning situation between a music professor and his student. These three films are: Tous les matins du monde, directed by Alain Corneau (1991); Bird, by Clint Eastwood (1988) and All That Jazz, by Bob Fosse (1979). Eventually, this inventory and this analysis will allow us to identify a prevailing thematic: in these movies, and even in Cinema in general, it seems like music and musical education are portrayed under social and psychological features that are characteristics. There is, one hand, the possession of the other, the submission, the sacrifice and the perpetual dissatisfaction. But on the other hand, there are many gratifications to which education for body mind and spirit is a guarantee. Our hypothesis is that certain cinematographic expression modes — related to variations of framing styles, angle and reverse shots and so on—, and certain film narrative modes might be explaining this ability that Cinema has to show the emotional and social threat that weighs on the musical professor and on his student. These very same processes, thematic and hypothesis will be examined in a feature length script that will focus on the ability of questioning theses topics using the poetical composition.
La, Madeleine Catherine. "L'enseignement des sciences et de la technologie au primaire et les TIC : une analyse didactique des pratiques." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10985.
Full textThe teaching of science and technology is in precarious condition in Quebec’s elementary schools. The information and communication technologies (ICT) can help teachers to promote students’ learning in their science education. This research first describes « Maître- TIC» teacher’s practice in science and technology then concerns itself with the ICT integration in the teaching of sciences in elementary schools. Our work includes an heuristic research with a mixed methodology. Some « Maître-TIC » teachers and fourth-year « Maître- TIC » students respond to an online survey. Then, a teacher was interviewed in order to provide a more detailed picture of her teaching practices. Using the data obtained, we created a list of the advantages and difficulties inherent to ICT integration in the teaching of science. We also made a list of various applications of ICT realised in science education by the teachers of this study. A final list has been set up with all the advantages of the University of Montreal’s « Maître-TIC » formation as cited by the teachers and the students. Finally, we specify some contributions of this research to the original objectives and to the evolution of the « Maître-TIC » formation.
Lussier, Anne Marie. "Les ressorts fictionnels au service du vrai : théorie et écriture romanesques dans l’oeuvre de Denis Diderot." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23803.
Full textThis thesis, which deals with the interweaving of philosophy and literature in the work of French Enlightenment thinkers, seeks to shed light on Denis Diderot’s unique contributions to philosophical reflection on the novel, as well as to the exploration of the literary resources that make it possible to delve into philosophical issues through the novel. Beginning with an examination of Diderot’s explicit theories about writing narrative fiction, it argues that the outgrowth of his materialism and the disenchantment following his attempts at theatre reform upended the aesthetic and moral basis for the initial normative framework underpinning his analysis of how fiction is ideally written and received. It goes on to examine how Diderot, as a novelist, undertook an innovative and fruitful exploration of the unsuspected philosophical resources that narrative fiction offers. The final sections are devoted to a close reading of Jacques the Fatalist and His Master, beginning with an attempt to identify the main resources it deploys to train more lucid and critical readers of fiction. The thesis then seeks to show how this knowledge base, if successfully transmitted, ultimately leads the reader to engage in a genuine dialogue with the work, both in terms of the metaphysical and ontological issues raised by Jacques’ “fatalism” and the moral issues that ensue.
Bouffard-Veilleux, Mickaël. "Le bon air et la bonne grâce : attitudes et gestes de la figure noble dans l’art européen (1661-1789)." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9230.
Full textThis thesis concerns the characteristic gestures and attitudes of the aristocratic figure in European art between 1661 and 1789. This period corresponds to the lifetime of a noble bodily ideal named “le bon air” and “la bonne grâce”, from its formulation at Louis XIV’s court and hegemonic propagation until its decline with the French Revolution. A panoply of means (exercises, orthopaedic instruments…) have been invented by the Ancien Régime society to embody a grace that should appear inborn and testify to noble birth. The dancing-master enjoyed the monopoly of inculcating this grace and elaborating it in accordance with highly aesthetic criteria. Most of the bon air and bonne grâce gestures and postures are here catalogued, described and associated with their original connotative values, showing that a deep and meticulous knowledge of body techniques can sharpen our understanding of a great proportion of Early Modern artworks. The author agues that this bodily habitus transcended every field concerned with the noble body (education, theatre, dance, opera, martial arts…) and came to infiltrate most pictorial genres, challenging age-old artistic traditions and imposing itself as a modern alternative to the grace of the Ancients. Portraiture, fashion plates, porcelain figurines, city and garden landscapes were the most affected by this phenomenon. Bonne grâce thus affirmed itself in a visual culture, which in return reinforced the very social practices that mirrored. The circular migration of aristocratic gestures between life and art caused a standardisation of both aristocratic body and figure. Within pastoral, history painting and genre scenes, the aristocratic ideal reveals itself antithetically in the figure of the peasant, the Pierrot and the Harlequin, and idealistically in those of the gallant shepherd and gallant hero. The substitution of emphatic gestures and strong facial expressions for ones based on restraint and dissimulation gave birth to a new historia that was less legible, but more subtle and suggestive, in accordance with aristocratic taste and sensibility.
Scott, Cora. "Une race qui ne sait pas mourir: une analyse de la race dans plusieurs textes littéraires québécois." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/42598.
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