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Journal articles on the topic 'Magnitude-Frequency Curve'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Sung, J. H., E. S. Chung, and K. S. Lee. "Development of streamflow drought severity- and magnitude-duration-frequency curves using the threshold level method." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 12 (2013): 14675–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-14675-2013.

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Abstract. This study developed a comprehensive method to quantify streamflow drought severity and magnitude based on a traditional frequency analysis. Two types of curve were developed: the streamflow drought severity-duration-frequency (SDF) curve and the streamflow drought magnitude-duration-frequency (MDF) curve (e.g., a rainfall intensity-duration-frequency curve). Severity was represented as the total water deficit volume for the specific drought duration, and magnitude was defined as the daily average water deficit. The variable threshold level method was introduced to set the target ins

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Kusumastuti, D. I., I. Struthers, M. Sivapalan, and D. A. Reynolds. "Threshold effects in catchment storm response and the occurrence and magnitude of flood events: implications for flood frequency." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, no. 5 (2006): 3239–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-3-3239-2006.

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Abstract. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the effects of selected catchment storage thresholds upon runoff behaviour, and specifically their impact upon flood frequency. The analysis is carried out with the use of a stochastic rainfall model, incorporating rainfall variability at intra-event, inter-event and seasonal timescales, as well as infrequent summer tropical cyclones, coupled with deterministic rainfall-runoff models that incorporate runoff generation by both saturation excess and subsurface stormflow mechanisms. Changing runoff generation mechanisms (i.e. from subsurface flow t

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Kusumastuti, D. I., I. Struthers, M. Sivapalan, and D. A. Reynolds. "Threshold effects in catchment storm response and the occurrence and magnitude of flood events: implications for flood frequency." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 4 (2007): 1515–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-1515-2007.

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Abstract. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the effects of selected catchment storage thresholds upon runoff behaviour, and specifically their impact upon flood frequency. The analysis is carried out with the use of a stochastic rainfall model, incorporating rainfall variability at intra-event, inter-event and seasonal timescales, as well as infrequent summer tropical cyclones, coupled with deterministic rainfall-runoff models that incorporate runoff generation by both saturation excess and subsurface stormflow mechanisms. Changing runoff generation mechanisms (i.e. from subsurface flow t

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4

Shu, Mengying, Bijie Yang, Mingyang Yang, Ricardo F. Martinez-Botas, and Kangyao Deng. "Investigation on the unsteadiness of centrifugal compressor exposed to pulsating backpressure." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 235, no. 8 (2021): 2212–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407020984593.

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Centrifugal compressor is exposed to pulsating backpressure due to the movement of intake valves in internal combustion engine. The performance of compressor deviates from the steady performance map, which affects the matching between turbocharger and engine. The behavior of compressor system at pulsation conditions are investigated via an in-house developed 1D unsteady code validated by experimental results. The influence of pulse frequency, magnitude and compressor characteristic curve on the compressor transient responses, including filling-emptying effect and wave dynamics, are analyzed. R

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Xu, Lan Shu, Yi Cheng, Yu Yu Li, and Rui Li. "Study of Errors on Larch Wood Pyrolysis Kinetic Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 1096 (April 2015): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1096.243.

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Errors was generate when use integral methods to calculate pyrolysis kinetic. It was analyzed by considered the effects of methods and reaction orders. A α-T curve was established for the error discussion depending on basic kenotic theory. For analysis methods, both single curve and multiple curve methods can obtain reliable activation energy values (≤3%), but the error of frequency factor was significant (up to 40%). Frequency factor is sensitive to intercept changing and is also to reaction order. Magnitude error could show if reaction order deviates to true value.

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Song, Lei, JoAnn McGee, and Edward J. Walsh. "Development of Cochlear Amplification, Frequency Tuning, and Two-Tone Suppression in the Mouse." Journal of Neurophysiology 99, no. 1 (2008): 344–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00983.2007.

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It is generally believed that the micromechanics of active cochlear transduction mature later than passive elements among altricial mammals. One consequence of this developmental order is the loss of transduction linearity, because an active, physiologically vulnerable process is superimposed on the passive elements of transduction. A triad of sensory advantage is gained as a consequence of acquiring active mechanics; sensitivity and frequency selectivity (frequency tuning) are enhanced and dynamic operating range increases. Evidence supporting this view is provided in this study by tracking t

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Şenol, Bilal, and Uğur Demiroğlu. "Fractional order proportional derivative control for first order plus time delay plants: achieving phase and gain specifications simultaneously." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 41, no. 15 (2019): 4358–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331219857397.

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The aim of the method in this paper is to achieve desired gain and phase specifications for robustness and performance of first order plus time delay plants. The previously proposed method “frequency frame”, implemented for tuning fractional order proportional integral controllers, is applied on such plants controlled with a fractional order proportional derivative controller. Four specifications of gain and phase are considered in the Bode plot inspired from an ideal system. The frame is drawn enclosing the magnitude and phase curves limited by gain and phase crossover frequencies. Then, the

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8

Guthrie, R. H., and S. G. Evans. "Magnitude and frequency of landslides triggered by a storm event, Loughborough Inlet, British Columbia." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 4, no. 3 (2004): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-4-475-2004.

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Abstract. One hundred and one landslides were documented across 370km2 following a rainstorm that swept the British Columbia coastline on 18 November 2001. Despite the regional nature of the storm, the landslides were spaced close together, even within the study area. Landslide clustering is attributed to high intensity storm cells too small to be recorded by the general hydrometric network. The evidence nicely corroborates previous historical studies that reached similar conclusions, but against which there was no modern analog analyzed for coastal British Columbia. Magnitude-cumulative frequ

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9

Al-Gburi, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah, Zahriladha Zakaria, Norhanani Abd Rahman, Syah Alam, and Maizatul Alice Meor Said. "A Compact and Low-Profile Curve-Feed Complementary Split-Ring Resonator Microwave Sensor for Solid Material Detection." Micromachines 14, no. 2 (2023): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14020384.

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A compact and low-profile curve-feed complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) microwave sensor for solid material detection is presented in this article. The curve-feed CSRR sensor was developed based on the CSRR configuration with triple rings (TRs) designed together, utilizing a high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) microwave studio. The designed curve-feed CSRR sensor resonates at 2.5 GHz, performs in transmission mode, and senses shift in frequency. Four varieties of the sample under tests (SUTs) were simulated and measured. These SUTs are Air (without SUT), Roger 5880, Roger 4350, FR

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Yin, Yilin, Zhenghong Yang, and Meilun Shi. "Analytical Expression of Complex Modulus for Viscoelastic Material." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 12, no. 05 (2020): 2050048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825120500489.

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Transfer functions in the linear dynamic system theory are applied to characterize dynamic mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials. Correlation between transfer functions and typical rheological models and fractional derivative ones are briefly introduced. The transfer function of a rheological model may be expressed in terms of multiplication of factored polynomials. The frequency–response data are presented in the form of a Bode plot of magnitude, from which a transfer function can be established. The characteristic times can be conveniently identified via the corner frequencies of a

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11

Li, Dajun, Aihua Weng, Yue Yang, Song Han, and Yu Tang. "Magnitude-phase Relationship behind Controlled-source Electromagnetic Field Revealed by Nyquist Diagrams." Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 22, no. 4 (2017): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/jeeg22.4.365.

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We present a means of processing data from frequency-domain controlled-source electromagnetic method observations via a Nyquist diagram. For a controlled-source electromagnetic field in the frequency domain, the x component of the electric field and the y and z components of the magnetic fields were chosen for discussion. Typical 1-D models and a 3-D model, which have a single anomalous body embedded in a half space, have been used to calculate the complex electromagnetic fields. The corresponding Nyquist diagrams have been plotted and analyzed. The diagrams can reveal the magnitude-phase freq

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12

Struthers, I., and M. Sivapalan. "Theoretical investigation of process controls upon flood frequency: role of thresholds." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, no. 5 (2006): 3279–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-3-3279-2006.

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Abstract. Traditional statistical approaches to flood frequency inherently assume homogeneity and stationarity in the flood generation process. This study illustrates the impact of heterogeneity associated with threshold non-linearities in the storage-discharge relationship associated with the rainfall-runoff process upon flood frequency behaviour. For a simplified, non-threshold (i.e. homogeneous) scenario, flood frequency can be characterised in terms of rainfall frequency, the characteristic response time of the catchment, and storm intermittency, modified by the relative strength of evapor

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Struthers, I., and M. Sivapalan. "A conceptual investigation of process controls upon flood frequency: role of thresholds." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 4 (2007): 1405–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-1405-2007.

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Abstract. Traditional statistical approaches to flood frequency inherently assume homogeneity and stationarity in the flood generation process. This study illustrates the impact of heterogeneity associated with threshold non-linearities in the storage-discharge relationship associated with the rainfall-runoff process upon flood frequency behaviour. For a simplified, non-threshold (i.e. homogeneous) scenario, flood frequency can be characterised in terms of rainfall frequency, the characteristic response time of the catchment, and storm intermittency, modified by the relative strength of evapor

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14

Zhang, Xiang, Wu, et al. "Finite Element Simulation Study of Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Tensile High-Volume Fraction SiCp/Al Composite." Materials 12, no. 23 (2019): 3841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12233841.

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Silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite (SiCp/Al) has been widely used in the military and aerospace industry due to its special performance; however, there remain many problems in the processing. The present paper introduces an ultrasonic vibration tensile apparatus and a composite tensile specimen and performs Abaqus finite element simulation on high-volume SiCp/Al. The results show that the stress-strain curve increases linearly during conventional tensile strength; the intermittent vibration tensile strength is similar to the full course vibration tensile strength: Th

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15

Liu, Yang, Liming Wu, Tianqi Sun, et al. "A Comprehensive Comparison of Period Extraction Algorithms for Asteroids with Long Term Observation." Universe 7, no. 11 (2021): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe7110429.

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The light curve period of an asteroid plays an important role in determining the rotation period, the collision evolution and the YORP effect. There are many period extraction algorithms used to find the light curve period of asteroids with long term observation, which are mainly based on the frequency, time and time–frequency domains. This paper presents a comprehensive and unparalleled comparison of the popular algorithms based on the DAMIT (Database of Asteroid Models from Inversion Techniques) data set to show the statistical results. Considering the quoted period, absolute magnitude, diam

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16

Nowicka, Barbara. "Estimation of the Degree of Extremality of High-Water Flows in Selected Rivers in Poland in 1971–2006." Miscellanea Geographica 14, no. 1 (2010): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2010-0015.

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Abstract The paper presents the results of estimation and comparison of risk of extreme floods on rivers of various hydrological regime. The hypothesis that extreme events occur with the same frequency in all rivers was rejected. The limit between extreme and common floods on 30 rivers from different geographical regions of Poland was defined on the basis of standardized flow-duration curve in 1971-2006. These analyses resulted in designing five curve groups. Four measures of flood magnitude have been proposed. The time distribution of extreme events during the last decades was estimated for t

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17

Chen, Guang Chao, B. Li, Yu Mei Tong, Fan Xiu Lu, and Jin Hyo Boo. "Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Boron-Oxygen-Nitrogen Film as Buffer Layer." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 2586–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.2586.

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BON film was fabricated as buffer layer by radio frequency plasma enhanced metal-organic chemical vapor deposition with 100 kHz frequency and trimethyl borate precursor. The typical binding energy of each element is 191.5 eV of B1s, 399.4 eV of N1s, and 531.2 eV of O1s in the films detected by XPS. HRTEM showed the film contained amorphous composition and nano-sized crystalline particles. Electrical properties of films were characterized by I–V curve. The order-magnitude of electric conductivity was measured as several tens (·cm)-1. The hardness of BON film was ~ 10 GPa.

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18

Kawazumi, Hirofumi, and Edward S. Yeung. "Resonant Cell Laser-Based Photoacoustic Densitometer for Thin-Layer Chromatography." Applied Spectroscopy 42, no. 7 (1988): 1228–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702884430074.

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Photoacoustic spectroscopy was applied to the in situ densitometry of thin-layer chromatographic plates. Fast laser-scanning detection with signal enhancement was demonstrated at a resonant frequency of the cell. The use of phase difference between signal and background provided higher signal-to-noise ratios. Detection limit for Orange G was 170 pg, and the analytical curve was linear over three orders of magnitude.

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19

Grover, Patrick L., Donald H. Burn, and Juraj M. Cunderlik. "A comparison of index flood estimation procedures for ungauged catchments." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 29, no. 5 (2002): 734–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l02-065.

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Flood frequency analysis is used by water resources professionals to estimate the probability of exceedence associated with a flood of a given magnitude. The estimation of flood frequencies is important because they are used in the planning and design of hydraulic structures, in flood-plain management, and in reservoir operation. The index flood method is commonly used to develop a flood frequency curve that relates flood magnitude to flood rarity. This method involves scaling a dimensionless flood frequency curve by the index flood. The index flood is a middle-sized flood for which the mean o

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20

Fuzessery, Z. M., and J. C. Hall. "Role of GABA in shaping frequency tuning and creating FM sweep selectivity in the inferior colliculus." Journal of Neurophysiology 76, no. 2 (1996): 1059–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.76.2.1059.

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1. We examined the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition in shaping excitatory tuning curves and creating selectivity for frequency-modulated (FM) sweeps in 29 neurons in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICC) of the pallid bat, with the use of single-unit recording coupled with the iontophoretic application of bicuculline methiodide (BIC), an antagonist of GABAA receptors. 2. BIC increased response magnitude 2 to 6 times over pretreatment levels in > 80% of neurons tested, and converted > 50% of nonmonotonic intensity-rate functions to monotonic or pla

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21

Zhan, Tianyi, Jiali Jiang, Jianxiong Lu, Yaoli Zhang, and Jianmin Chang. "Frequency-dependent viscoelastic properties of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) under hygrothermal conditions. Part 1: moisture adsorption." Holzforschung 73, no. 8 (2019): 727–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2018-0208.

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AbstractTo elucidate the frequency-dependent viscoelasticity of wood under a moisture non-equilibrium state, changes in stiffness and damping as a function of frequency were investigated during the moisture adsorption process. The moisture adsorption processes were carried out at six temperatures (30–80°C) and three relative humidity levels (30, 60 and 90% RH). During the moisture adsorption process, the wood stiffness decreased, and damping increased with the increment of moisture content (MC). Regardless of the moisture adsorption time, the wood stiffness increased, and damping decreased wit

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22

Sun, Yanwei, Qingyun Li, Furong Yu, Mingwei Ma, and Cundong Xu. "Assessing Hydrological Performances of Bioretention Cells to Meet the LID Goals." Sustainability 15, no. 5 (2023): 4204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054204.

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BRCs (bioretention cells), one of many low-impact development (LID) practices, are increasingly utilized to lessen the amount of runoff while simultaneously improving the runoff quality. Because the goal of BRCs and LID designs, in general, is to mimic or replicate the pre-development hydrology, it is critical to evaluate the hydrologic and ecologic performances of the BRC facility from the perspective of replicating the pre-development hydrology. The metrics developed in this study were intended to represent the hydrologic regime including the runoff volume control metrics, peak flow frequenc

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23

Tadmor, Y., and D. J. Tolhurst. "The effect of threshold on the relationship between the receptive-field profile and the spatial-frequency tuning cure in simple cells of the cat's striate cortex." Visual Neuroscience 3, no. 5 (1989): 445–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800005940.

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AbstractIt is believed that spatial summation in most simple cells is a linear process. If this were so, then the Fourier transform of a simple cell's line weighting function should predict the cell's spatial frequency tuning curve. We have compared such predictions with experimental measurements and have found a consistent discrepancy: the predicted tuning curve is much too broad. We show qualitatively that this kind of discrepancy is consistent with the well-known threshold nonlinearity shown by most cortical cells. We have tested quantitatively whether a response threshold could explain the

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Shih, I., A. L. Li, W. W. Lam, C. X. Qiu, L. Ngo Phong, and B. Tremblay. "Low-frequency noise in RF-sputtered Pb-doped 2223 phase BiSrCaCuO thin films." Canadian Journal of Physics 72, no. 5-6 (1994): 270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p94-040.

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Noise measurements were carried out on RF-sputtered Pb-doped 2223 phase BiSrCaCuO superconducting thin films. No definite relationship between noise and bias current was observed in the superconducting state, however, a square-current dependence of noise was found in the normal state. The magnitude of the noise in the BiSrCaCuO films at room temperature was one to five orders of magnitude larger than that in a normal metal. Near the tail of the resistance transition, noise peaks were observed that were 3–12 K below the maximum of the derivative resistance–temperature curve. Noise dependence on

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25

Basso, S., G. Botter, R. Merz, and A. Miniussi. "PHEV! The PHysically-based Extreme Value distribution of river flows." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 12 (2021): 124065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac3d59.

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Abstract Magnitude and frequency are prominent features of river floods informing design of engineering structures, insurance premiums and adaptation strategies. Recent advances yielding a formal characterization of these variables from a joint description of soil moisture and daily runoff dynamics in river basins are here systematized to highlight their chief outcome: the PHysically-based Extreme Value (PHEV) distribution of river flows. This is a physically-based alternative to empirical estimates and purely statistical methods hitherto used to characterize extremes of hydro-meteorological v

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Bloot, S., J. R. Callingham, and B. Marcote. "Radio modelling of the brightest and most luminous non-thermal colliding-wind binary Apep." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 509, no. 1 (2021): 475–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2976.

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ABSTRACT Apep is the brightest and most luminous non-thermal colliding-wind binary by over an order of magnitude. It has been suggested from infrared observations that one of the Wolf–Rayet stars in Apep is launching an anisotropic wind. Here we present radio observations of Apep from 0.2 to 20 GHz taken over 33 yr. The spectrum reveals an extremely steep turnover in the flux density at low frequencies, where the flux density decreases by two orders of magnitude over only 325 MHz of bandwidth. This exponential decline is best described by free–free absorption, with a turnover frequency at 0.54

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27

Martin, Louis. "Holocene sea-level history along eastern-southeastern Brazil." Anuário do Instituto de Geociências 26 (January 1, 2003): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11137/2003_0_13-24.

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Relative sea-level curves have been delineated for several sectors of the Brazilian coast. In order to have homogeneous and consistent curves, very short segments of the coastline with the same framework are considered. To minimize systematic errors tied to the particular nature of an indicator, we use the maximum number of different indicators available from former positions of relative sea level. These sea-level curves show that, during the last 7000 years, the central Brazilian coast has been subjected to a submergence phase which lasted until 5100 14C yr BP (5600 cal yr BP), followed by a

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28

Kreyling, Juergen, Rhena Schumann, and Robert Weigel. "Soils from cold and snowy temperate deciduous forests release more nitrogen and phosphorus after soil freeze–thaw cycles than soils from warmer, snow-poor conditions." Biogeosciences 17, no. 15 (2020): 4103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4103-2020.

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Abstract. The effects of global warming are most pronounced in winter. A reduction in snow cover due to warmer atmospheric temperature in formerly cold ecosystems, however, could counteract an increase in soil temperature by reduction of insulation. Thus, soil freeze–thaw cycles (FTCs) might increase in frequency and magnitude with warming, potentially leading to a disturbance of the soil biota and release of nutrients. Here, we assessed how soil freeze–thaw magnitude and frequency affect short-term release of nutrients in temperate deciduous forest soils by conducting a three-factorial gradie

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29

Kim, Chulhee, D. H. McNamara, Kent A. Feltz, and C. G. Christensen. "A Photometric and Spectrographic Study of SX Phœnicis." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 139 (1993): 380–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100117968.

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AbstractNew simultaneous photometric (uvbyβ) and spectrographic observations of SX Phe are described. Analysis of the light variation frequency spectrum is performed and the oscillation modes are investigated. After separating the light curves and radial velocity curve, atmospheric and physical parameters corresponding to each different oscillation mode were determined. Intrinsic (b – y), m1, and c1 values used in conjunction with a model-atmosphere grid yield a mean effective temperature < Teff > = 7590K, a mean surface gravity, < logg > = 4.02, and [Fe/H]= -0.47 for the first per

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Alifov, A. A. "About mixed forced, parametric and self-oscillations by limited excitation and delayed elasticity." PNRPU Mechanics Bulletin, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/perm.mech/2020.3.02.

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Mixed forced, parametric, and self-oscillations are considered if there is a delay in the elastic force in the system. A dynamic model is a friction self-oscillation system describing the frictional self-oscillations that occur in many technical systems for various purposes (metal-cutting machines, textile equipment, brakes and a number of other engineering objects). The operation of the system is supported by the energy source of limited power. For the analysis we used the method of straight linearization which is easier than the known methods of analysis of nonlinear systems, has no time-con

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Allaire, P. E., R. L. Fittro, E. H. Maslen, and W. C. Wakefield. "Measured Force/Current Relations in Solid Magnetic Thrust Bearings." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 119, no. 1 (1997): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2815537.

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When magnetic bearings are employed in a pump, compressor, turbine, or other rotating machine, measurement of the current in the bearing coils provides knowledge of the forces imposed on the bearings. This can be a significant indicator of machine problems. Additionally, magnetic bearings can be utilized as a load cell for measuring impeller forces in test rigs. The forces supported by magnetic bearings are directly related to the currents, air gaps, and other parameters in the bearings. This paper discusses the current/force relation for magnetic thrust bearings. Force versus current measurem

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Galiatsatou, Panagiota, and Christos Iliadis. "Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves at Ungauged Sites in a Changing Climate for Sustainable Stormwater Networks." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (2022): 1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031229.

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Intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves representing the variation of the magnitude of extreme rainfall events with a return period and storm duration are widely used in hydrologic infrastructure design, flood risk management projects, and climate change impact studies. However, in many locations worldwide, short-duration rainfall-observing sites with long records do not exist. This paper introduces a new methodological framework for extracting IDF curves at ungauged sites transferring information from gauged ones with a relatively homogeneous extreme rainfall climate. This methodology is gr

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Kusumastuti, Cilcia, Prasetio Sudjarwo, Marvin Christhie, and Timotius Krisna. "Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) Curve and the Most Suitable Method to Determine Flood Peak Discharge in Upper Werba Sub-Watershed." Civil Engineering Dimension 21, no. 2 (2019): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/ced.21.2.70-75.

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Design flood is one of the important factors for flood risk assessment and water infrastructures planning and development in a certain location. There are several methods to estimate it, one method which has been commonly and widely use is using flood frequency analysis. This research aims to develop Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves in Upper Werba Sub-Watershed, West Papua Province, Indonesia, to estimate design rainfall intensity. The design rainfall intensity is used to estimate peak of flood discharge using Rational Formula in the sub-watershed. Other methods, i.e. Soil Conservatio

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Peng, Li En, and Rui Guo. "Transmission Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Front Suspension LCA Bushing." Advanced Materials Research 605-607 (December 2012): 1249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.605-607.1249.

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This paper simplified the wheel-Lower Control Arm-frame system into a two DOFs vibration system and analyzed its transmission characteristics by modeling the LCA rubber bushing in Kelvin-Voigt model, Zener model and Berg model, respectively. The results show that the system with Berg model shows obvious amplitude-dependent characteristics. Its magnitude and frequency at the peak of the transmission curve change as the excitation amplitude changes. The system with Kelvin-Voigt model or Zener model shows none amplitude-dependent characteristics. It’s more effective and more exact to model the LC

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Doi, Manh Van, and Jongho Kim. "Addressing Climate Internal Variability on Future Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves at Fine Scales across South Korea." Water 13, no. 20 (2021): 2828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13202828.

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Designing water infrastructure requires information about the magnitude and frequency of upcoming rainfall. A limited range of data offers just one of many realizations that occurred in the past or will occur in the future; thus, it cannot sufficiently explain climate internal variability (CIV). In this study, future relationships among rainfall intensity (RI), duration, and frequency (called the IDF curve) are established by addressing the CIV and tail characteristics with respect to frequency. Specifically, 100 ensembles of 30-year time series data were created to quantify that uncertainty.

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Doi, Manh Van, and Jongho Kim. "Addressing Climate Internal Variability on Future Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves at Fine Scales across South Korea." Water 13, no. 20 (2021): 2828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13202828.

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Designing water infrastructure requires information about the magnitude and frequency of upcoming rainfall. A limited range of data offers just one of many realizations that occurred in the past or will occur in the future; thus, it cannot sufficiently explain climate internal variability (CIV). In this study, future relationships among rainfall intensity (RI), duration, and frequency (called the IDF curve) are established by addressing the CIV and tail characteristics with respect to frequency. Specifically, 100 ensembles of 30-year time series data were created to quantify that uncertainty.

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Jeng, Fuh-Cherng, Brandie Nance, Karen Montgomery-Reagan, and Chia-Der Lin. "Exponential Modeling of Frequency-Following Responses in American Neonates and Adults." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 29, no. 02 (2018): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.16135.

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AbstractThe scalp-recorded frequency-following response (FFR) has been widely accepted in assessing the brain’s processing of speech stimuli for people who speak tonal and nontonal languages. Characteristics of scalp-recorded FFRs with increasing number of sweeps have been delineated through the use of an exponential curve-fitting model in Chinese adults; however, characteristics of speech processing for people who speak a nontonal language remain unclear.This study had two specific aims. The first was to examine the characteristics of speech processing in neonates and adults who speak a nonto

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Pailoplee, Santi, and Chitti Palasri. "CU-PSHA: A MATLAB Software for Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 08, no. 04 (2014): 1450008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431114500080.

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In this study, an open source MATLAB software, called CU-PSHA, is developed in order to analyze probabilistic earthquake hazards. This software aims to provide a user friendly and flexible tool for evaluating reliable earthquake hazard estimates. With the CU-PSHA, the probability of distances between the earthquake sources and the study site can be estimated. Two choices for the estimation of earthquake frequency–magnitude distribution, the exponential magnitude distribution and the characteristic earthquake models, are provided. Some strong ground–motion attenuation models are available for b

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Darmayadi, Danna, and Iman Satyarno. "Finite element modeling of masonry wall with mortar 1pc : 4 lime : 10 sand under lateral force." MATEC Web of Conferences 258 (2019): 05019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925805019.

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This paper gives a detailed presentation of three-dimensional Finite Element Model that has been constructed for Masonry Wall under lateral force by using Abaqus software. This research aimed to investigate the behavior of Masonry Walls under lateral force and developed load-displacement curve. From the result that The numerical model using the Abaqus Software can represent the load-displacement curve of Masonry Walls due to lateral forces, Numerical Results with the Abaqus Software obtained that the magnitude of the load on condition of Plastic is 82.13 KN and experimental results obtained of

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Steele, A. W., and G. M. Hieftje. "A Modulated Sample-Introduction System for ICP-Atomic Emission Spectrometry." Applied Spectroscopy 40, no. 8 (1986): 1127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702864507710.

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A modulated sample-introduction device for use in inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry has been constructed and evaluated. With this device, the flow of aerosol to the excitation source is modulated by applying at a specific frequency a pressure pulse to the nebulizer chamber; the use of frequency-selective detection then permits efficient signal recovery. Unfortunately, background emission from the ICP was also found to be modulated at the sample-introduction frequency; the magnitude of background modulation depends on the depth of sample modulation and the types of spectral featu

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Layton, H. E., E. Bruce Pitman, and Leon C. Moore. "Spectral properties of the tubuloglomerular feedback system." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 273, no. 4 (1997): F635—F649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1997.273.4.f635.

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A simple mathematical model was used to investigate the spectral properties of the tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) system. A perturbation, consisting of small-amplitude broad-band forcing, was applied to simulated thick ascending limb (TAL) flow, and the resulting spectral response of the TGF pathway was assessed by computing a power spectrum from resulting TGF-regulated TAL flow. Power spectra were computed for both open- and closed-feedback-loop cases. Open-feedback-loop power spectra are consistent with a mathematical analysis that predicts a nodal pattern in TAL frequency response, with no

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Jia, J. H., J. Y. Du, Y. Wang, and H. X. Hua. "Investigation of the wall friction in the pipe induced by the oscillating flow." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 222, no. 3 (2008): 387–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes730.

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The wall friction induced by the oscillating flow of the fractional derivative Maxwell viscoelastic fluid in the pipe is investigated. The velocity and the shear stress solutions of the flow are solved. The friction is derived from the shear stress expression and analysed by numerical simulation. From analysis, it is found that the friction amplitude exhibits resonance-like phenomena. Moreover, the number of the resonance-like peaks, the enhancement magnitude, and the resonance-like frequency of the same order vary with the pipe radius and rheological parameters of fluids. When the radius over

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Kaida, Hideki, and Naoto Kihara. "FRAGILITY EVALUATION METHODOLOGY FOR TSUNAMI-BORNE DEBRIS IMPACT." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 28, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.currents.9.

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In the safe design and risk assessment of structures in coastal area, it is important to consider tsunami-borne debris impact. Recently, probabilistic analysis has become the preferred form of analysis because of the large aleatory and epistemic uncertainties associated with tsunami effects, which are not captured in deterministic scenario-based assessments. By performing both a probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment (PTHA) and a tsunami fragility assessment (TFA) on structures, their annual failure frequency can be determined. The TFA involves evaluation of the response (e.g. debris impact f

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Orem, Caitlin A., and Jon D. Pelletier. "Constraining frequency–magnitude–area relationships for rainfall and flood discharges using radar-derived precipitation estimates: example applications in the Upper and Lower Colorado River basins, USA." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 11 (2016): 4483–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4483-2016.

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Abstract. Flood-envelope curves (FECs) are useful for constraining the upper limit of possible flood discharges within drainage basins in a particular hydroclimatic region. Their usefulness, however, is limited by their lack of a well-defined recurrence interval. In this study we use radar-derived precipitation estimates to develop an alternative to the FEC method, i.e., the frequency–magnitude–area-curve (FMAC) method that incorporates recurrence intervals. The FMAC method is demonstrated in two well-studied US drainage basins, i.e., the Upper and Lower Colorado River basins (UCRB and LCRB, r

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Orem, C. A., and J. D. Pelletier. "Constraining frequency-magnitude-area relationships for precipitation and flood discharges using radar-derived precipitation estimates: example applications in the Upper and Lower Colorado River Basins, USA." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 12, no. 11 (2015): 11739–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-11739-2015.

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Abstract. Flood-envelope curves (FEC) are useful for constraining the upper limit of possible flood discharges within drainage basins in a particular hydroclimatic region. Their usefulness, however, is limited by their lack of a well-defined recurrence interval. In this study we use radar-derived precipitation estimates to develop an alternative to the FEC method, i.e. the frequency-magnitude-area-curve (FMAC) method, that incorporates recurrence intervals. The FMAC method is demonstrated in two well-studied U.S. drainage basins, i.e. the Upper and Lower Colorado River basins (UCRB and LCRB, r

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JI, XU, and ERKAN OTERKUS. "Physical mechanism of ice/structure interaction." Journal of Glaciology 64, no. 244 (2018): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2018.5.

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ABSTRACTTo obtain the effect of velocity and structural natural frequency (structural stiffness) on ice failure, an extended dynamic Van der Pol-based single degree-of-freedom ice/structure interaction model is developed. Three basic modes of response were reproduced: intermittent crushing, frequency lock-in and continuous crushing. Further analysis on the physical mechanism of ice/structure interaction is presented on the basis of feedback mechanism and energy mechanism, respectively. Internal effect and external effect from ice and structure were both explained in the feedback branch. Based

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Ortega, J. A., and G. Garzón. "A contribution to improved flood magnitude estimation in base of palaeoflood record and climatic implications – Guadiana River (Iberian Peninsula)." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 9, no. 1 (2009): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-229-2009.

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Abstract. The Guadiana River has a significant record of historical floods, but the systematic data record is only 59 years. From layers left by ancient floods we know about we can add new data to the record, and we can estimate maximum discharges of other floods only known by the moment of occurrence and by the damages caused. A hydraulic model has been performed in the area of Pulo de Lobo and calibrated by means of the rating curve of Pulo do Lobo Station. The palaeofloods have been dated by means of 14C y 137Cs. As non-systematic information has been used in order to calculate distribution

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Zhu, Kaiguang, Zining Yu, Chengquan Chi, Mengxuan Fan, and Kaiyan Li. "Negentropy anomaly analysis of the borehole strain associated with the <i>M</i><sub>s</sub> 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 26, no. 4 (2019): 371–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-26-371-2019.

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Abstract. A large earthquake of 8.0 magnitude occurred on 12 May 2008, 14:28 UTC, with the epicentre in Wenchuan. To investigate the pre-earthquake anomalous strain changes, negentropy is introduced to borehole strain data for three locations, approximated by skewness and kurtosis, revealing the non-Gaussianity of recorded fluctuations. We separate the negentropy anomalies from the background by Otsu's method and accumulate the anomaly frequency on different scales. The results show that the long-term cumulative frequency of negentropy anomalies follows a sigmoid behaviour, while the inflectio

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Herrera, Michael A., Istvan Szunyogh, and Joseph Tribbia. "Forecast Uncertainty Dynamics in the THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE)." Monthly Weather Review 144, no. 7 (2016): 2739–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-15-0293.1.

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Abstract This paper employs local linear, spatial spectral, and Lorenz curve–based diagnostics to investigate the dynamics of uncertainty in global numerical weather forecasts in the NH extratropics. The diagnostics are applied to ensembles in the THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE). The initial growth of uncertainty is found to be the fastest at the synoptic scales (zonal wavenumbers 7–9) most sensitive to baroclinic instability. At later forecast times, the saturation of uncertainties at the synoptic scales and the longer sustainable growth of uncertainty at the large scales le

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Ibenbrahim, Aomar, James Ni, Stephen Salyards, and Inayat M. Ali. "Induced Seismicity of The Tarbela Reservoir, Pakistan." Seismological Research Letters 60, no. 4 (1989): 185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.60.4.185.

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Abstract Earthquakes with local magnitudes from 0.0 to 4.9 recorded by the Tarbela seismic network, in Pakistan, between 1973 and 1982 have been used to study the reservoir-induced seismicity. A comparison between the pre-impounding and the post-impounding seismicity shows a dramatic decrease in the latter. The sharp decrease in seismicity is not related to the reservoir filling since it started two months before the first impounding and affected a very large area extending more than 100 km away from the reservoir. Statistical analyses of the distributions of earthquakes that occurred within t

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