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Journal articles on the topic 'Magnetotelluric studies'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Gokarn, S. G., C. K. Rao, B. P. Singh, and P. N. Nayak. "Magnetotelluric studies across the Kurduwadi gravity feature." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 72, no. 1-2 (July 1992): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(92)90049-2.

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2

Unsworth, Martyn. "Magnetotelluric Studies of Active Continent–Continent Collisions." Surveys in Geophysics 31, no. 2 (November 24, 2009): 137–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-009-9086-y.

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3

Chen, Kai, Sheng Jin, and Ming Deng. "Multifunction waveform generator for EM receiver testing." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 7, no. 1 (January 29, 2018): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-7-11-2018.

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Abstract. In many electromagnetic (EM) methods – such as magnetotelluric, spectral-induced polarization (SIP), time-domain-induced polarization (TDIP), and controlled-source audio magnetotelluric (CSAMT) methods – it is important to evaluate and test the EM receivers during their development stage. To assess the performance of the developed EM receivers, controlled synthetic data that simulate the observed signals in different modes are required. In CSAMT and SIP mode testing, the waveform generator should use the GPS time as the reference for repeating schedule. Based on our testing, the frequency range, frequency precision, and time synchronization of the currently available function waveform generators on the market are deficient. This paper presents a multifunction waveform generator with three waveforms: (1) a wideband, low-noise electromagnetic field signal to be used for magnetotelluric, audio-magnetotelluric, and long-period magnetotelluric studies; (2) a repeating frequency sweep square waveform for CSAMT and SIP studies; and (3) a positive-zero–negative-zero signal that contains primary and secondary fields for TDIP studies. In this paper, we provide the principles of the above three waveforms along with a hardware design for the generator. Furthermore, testing of the EM receiver was conducted with the waveform generator, and the results of the experiment were compared with those calculated from the simulation and theory in the frequency band of interest.

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4

Young, Charles T., John R. Booker, Ricardo Fernandez, George R. Jiracek, Mario Martinez, James C. Rogers, John Stodt, Harve S. Waff, and Phillip E. Wannamaker. "Verification of five magnetotelluric systems in the mini‐EMSLAB experiment." GEOPHYSICS 53, no. 4 (April 1988): 553–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442487.

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Given the degree of complexity of modern magnetotelluric (MT) instrumentation, comparison of the total performance for two or more systems is an important verification test. This paper compares the processed data from five MT systems which were designed and constructed separately, and which employ different electrode types, electrode separations, magnetometers, and methods of signal processing. The comparison shows that there is a high degree of agreement among the data from the different systems. The study also demonstrates the compatibility and reliability of the MT systems employed as part of EMSLAB Juan de Fuca (Electromagnetic Sounding of the Lithosphere and Asthenosphere Beneath the Juan de Fuca Plate). This project, proposed by a consortium of institutions, involves not only magnetotellurics studies but also studies of magnetic variation, on land and on the sea bottom. The project calls for the real‐time MT systems to occupy stations along segments of a profile in Oregon. A composite profile will be created from the segments. Prior to commencing the main MT profiling phase, one week was set aside in August, 1984, for all groups to record and process MT data sequentially at six sites in diverse geologic terrains; this experiment was called mini‐EMSLAB.

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5

Lantu, Syamsuddin, and A. Hardianti Yunus. "KARAKTERISASI ZONA RESERVOAR CEKUNGAN BULA MALUKU DENGAN METODE ELEKTROMAGNETIK MAGNETOTELLURIK." JURNAL GEOCELEBES 1, no. 1 (May 17, 2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/geocelebes.v1i1.1777.

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AbstrakTelah dilakukan penelitian dengan metode elaktromagnetik tellurik untuk karakterisasi zona reservoir hidrokarbon di daerah Bula Kabupaten Seram bagian timur, propinsi Maluku. Ditinjau dari tektonik lempeng , daerah ini merupakan cekungan sedimen yang kaya akan hidrokarbon. Metode yang digunakan untuk identifikasi potensi cekungan sedimen tersebut digunakan metode elektromagnetik magnetotellurik untukkarakterisasi sifat listrik sedimen yang terdapat pada cekungan teresbut. Tujuan utama penelitian adalah identifikasi zona reservoar potensial didaerah ini. Analisis dan interpretasi pengolahan data berupa model 1D yang menampilkan jumlah lapisan tiap titik pengukuran dan model 2D yang menampilkan struktur resistivitas bawah permukaan. Dari hasil analisa dan interpretasi model diperoleh bahwa zona reservoar berada pada kedalaman 2500 – 4000 meter pada rentan nilai resistivitas 32-1024 Ohmmeter didukung dengan adanya manifestasi minyak bumi di permukaan, informasi geologi daerah penelitian dan informasi dari penelitian sebelumnya.Kata Kunci : Cekungan Sedimen, Hidrokarbon, Magnetotellurik, ReservoarAbstractThe research have been realize with using the electromagnetic telluric for reservoir characterization of hydrocarbon. The Research area is located in Bula Seram which is the eastern part of Maluku Province. Base on map of the tectonic plate Seram island, area is sedimentary basins that is potential of hydrocarbons. The method used to predict the potential of sedimentary basins that magnetotelluric method to identificate of reservoir zone. This study uses secondary data of MT with two line, each line consisting of seven measurement points. The processed data shows 1D model that display the number of layers for each measurement points and 2D model that display the structure of subsurface resistivity. Analysis and interpretation model showed that the reservoir zone is located in a depth of 2500 - 4000 meter with resistivity values is about 32-1024 Ohmmeter supported by manifestation of oil on the surface, the geological information area of research and information from previous studies. Key word : Sedimentary Basin, Hidrocarbon, Magnetotelluric, Reservoir

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6

Chen, C. S., F. Hsieh, D. Zuo, J. Li, Lin Lin, and G. Xie. "Magnetotelluric Modelling and Inversion For Earthquake Studies in Taiwan." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2003, no. 1 (April 2003): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2003_3demab003.

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7

Gokarn, S. G., Gautam Gupta, Shipra Dutta, and Nitu Hazarika. "Geoelectric structure in the Andaman Islands using magnetotelluric studies." Earth, Planets and Space 58, no. 2 (February 2006): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bf03353386.

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8

Gokarn, S. G., C. K. Rao, and Gautam Gupta. "Crustal structure in the Siwalik Himalayas using magnetotelluric studies." Earth, Planets and Space 54, no. 1 (January 2002): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bf03352418.

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9

Gokarn, S. G., C. K. Rao, Gautam Gupta, B. P. Singh, and M. Yamashita. "Deep crustal structure in central India using magnetotelluric studies." Geophysical Journal International 144, no. 3 (March 2001): 685–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246x.2001.01355.x.

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10

de Lugão, Patricia Pastana, Emanuele Francesco LaTerra, Berthold Kriegshäuser, and Sergio L. Fontes. "Magnetotelluric studies of the Caldas Novas geothermal reservoir, Brazil." Journal of Applied Geophysics 49, no. 1-2 (January 2002): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0926-9851(01)00097-0.

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11

Pospeeva, E. V., and V. V. Potapov. "The results of magnetotelluric studies on the profile of the Kuray depression – lake Teletskoye." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 929, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/929/1/012026.

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Abstract The results of magnetotelluric studies (MTS) conducted in the western part of the Mountainous Altai region on the profile of the Kurai depression – lake Teletskoye are presented. The profile intersects two large tectonic units – the Mountainous Altai and Teletskaya, bounded by regional tectonic suturs of the Teletsko-Bashkausskiy, Northern Sayans, Shapshalskiy and other faults. The obtained data indicate a fairly fractional recent block divisibility of the Earth’s crust of the Mountainous Altai territory. It is shown that according to the characteristics of the electrical resistivity distribution within the studied profile, large blocks are distinguished that differ sharply in the features of the composition and structure of the Earth’s crust, as well as the manifestation intensity of deep processes. The sections constructed from magnetotelluric data allow us to trace the behavior of the main neotectonic disturbances, which are marked by subvertical zones with abnormally low resistivity values (1-5 Ohm·m).

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12

Mekkawi, M., and A. Saleh. "Case studies of magnetotelluric method applied to mapping active faults." Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica Hungarica 42, no. 4 (December 2007): 383–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/ageod.42.2007.4.2.

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13

Bubnov, Valeriy P., Andrey G. Yakovlev, Elena D. Aleksanova, Denis V. Yakovlev, Mark N. Berdichevsky, and Pavel Yu Pushkarev. "Magnetotelluric studies of the East-European Craton and adjacent regions." Acta Geophysica 55, no. 2 (November 29, 2006): 154–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11600-006-0034-7.

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14

Belyavsky, V. V. "The use of invariant MTS curves in deep magnetotelluric studies." Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth 43, no. 3 (March 2007): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1069351307030081.

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15

Wu, Chaofeng, Xiangyun Hu, and Guiling Wang. "Magnetotelluric studies in the Zhangzhou Basin geothermal zone, southeastern China." Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition 93, S1 (May 2019): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1755-6724.14088.

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16

Mohan, Kapil, B. K. Rastogi, and Peush Chaudhary. "Magnetotelluric studies in the epicenter zone of 2001, Bhuj earthquake." Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 98 (February 2015): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.10.019.

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17

Lagios, E., A. Tzanis, N. Delibasis, J. Drakopoulos, and G. K. J. Dawes. "Geothermal exploration of kos island, Greece: Magnetotelluric and microseismicity studies." Geothermics 23, no. 3 (June 1994): 267–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505(94)90004-3.

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18

Hill, Graham J. "On the Use of Electromagnetics for Earth Imaging of the Polar Regions." Surveys in Geophysics 41, no. 1 (September 12, 2019): 5–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-019-09570-8.

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Abstract The polar regions are host to fundamental unresolved challenges in Earth studies. The nature of these regions necessitates the use of geophysics to address these issues, with electromagnetic and, in particular, magnetotelluric studies finding favour and being applied over a number of different scales. The unique geography and climatic conditions of the polar regions means collecting magnetotelluric data at high latitudes, which presents challenges not typically encountered and may result in significant measurement errors. (1) The very high contact resistance between electrodes and the surficial snow and ice cover (commonly MΩ) can interfere with the electric field measurement. This is overcome by using custom-designed amplifiers placed at the active electrodes to buffer their high impedance contacts. (2) The proximity to the geomagnetic poles requires verification of the fundamental assumption in magnetotellurics that the magnetic source field is a vertically propagating, horizontally polarised plane wave. Behaviour of the polar electro-jet must be assessed to identify increased activity (high energy periods) that create strong current systems and may generate non-planar contributions. (3) The generation of ‘blizstatic’, localised random electric fields caused by the spin drift of moving charged snow and ice particles that produce significant noise in the electric fields during periods of strong winds. At wind speeds above ~ 10 m s−1, the effect of the distortion created by the moving snow is broad-band. Station occupation times need to be of sufficient length to ensure data are collected when wind speed is low. (4) Working on glaciated terrain introduces additional safety challenges, e.g., weather, crevasse hazards, etc. Inclusion of a mountaineer in the team, both during the site location planning and onsite operations, allows these hazards to be properly managed. Examples spanning studies covering development and application of novel electromagnetic approaches for the polar regions as well as results from studies addressing a variety of differing geologic questions are presented. Electromagnetic studies focusing on near-surface hydrologic systems, glacial and ice sheet dynamics, as well as large-scale volcanic and tectonic problems are discussed providing an overview of the use of electromagnetic methods to investigate fundamental questions in solid earth studies that have both been completed and are currently ongoing in polar regions.

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19

Boerner, D. E., J. A. Wright, J. G. Thurlow, and L. E. Reed. "Tensor CSAMT studies at the Buchans Mine in central Newfoundland." GEOPHYSICS 58, no. 1 (January 1993): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443342.

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A novel application of the tensor controlled source audio‐magnetotelluric (CSAMT) method was part of a multidisciplinary geophysical study of an existing mine site at Buchans, Newfoundland. The orthogonal components of the horizontal electromagnetic fields used for magnetotelluric and CSAMT interpretation of the earth’s conductivity structure were found to be inappropriate at Buchans because of strong scattering in the electric fields. Instead, the length of the major axes of the electric and magnetic field polarization ellipses and the vertical magnetic field were used as data. The data from two bipole sources demonstrate that the bulk response of the earth in the vicinity of Buchans is predominantly one‐dimensional (1-D). These data were inverted to layered earth models with a first‐order correction for electric field distortions. The parameter space considered during the inversion was contracted substantially by incorporating the vertical magnetic field data and by using depths to interfaces as determined by reflection seismic data. The model resulting from the inversions is essentially a two‐layered earth with an increase in resistivity between 1000–1400 m depth. The contrast in the electrical properties is interpreted to be coincident with the Powerline Fault, a floor thrust of a duplex structure with significant out‐of‐sequence movement. Hence, the thrusting may have caused the emplacement of older fractured, and locally mineralized rocks over younger more competent (resistive) ones.

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20

Parr, R. S., and V. R. S. Hutton. "Magnetotelluric studies in and adjacent to the Northumberland Basin, Northern England." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 81, no. 1-4 (December 1993): 43–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(93)90123-q.

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21

Wei, W. "Detection of Widespread Fluids in the Tibetan Crust by Magnetotelluric Studies." Science 292, no. 5517 (April 27, 2001): 716–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1010580.

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22

Pospeeva, E. V., and V. V. Potapov. "Deep Structure of the Junction Zones of the Chuya Tectonic Depression and Its Mountainous Frame in Gorny Altai according to Magnetotelluric Studies." Russian Geology and Geophysics 62, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 474–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/rgg20194078.

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Abstract ––Results of magnetotelluric studies (MTS) carried out along the SW–NE and W–E profiles across the Chuya depression are used to demonstrate the deep geoelectric structure of its internal field and the zones of transition to the northern (Kurai Ridge) and southern (South Chuya Ridge) mountainous frames. The Chuya depression is an area with small-block structure, with its axial part comprised of the thinnest sedimentary deposits (450–650 m). The key sites of the zones of transition from this depression to the Kurai and the South Chuya ridges manifest a complete geoelectric section of sedimentary deposits with a total thickness of 1000–1200 m. Subvertical conductive heterogeneous beds of abnormally low (<5 Ohm∙m) specific resistivity are mapped in the section of the sedimentary cover and the Paleozoic basement. They mark neotectonic faults and nodes of their intersection with the Paleozoic and Mesozoic faults. The kinematic parameters of the faults determined from the magnetotelluric data are generally consistent with the data of morphotectonic and geological studies.

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23

Kong, Wenxin, Changhong Lin, Handong Tan, Miao Peng, Tuo Tong, and Mao Wang. "The Effects of 3D Electrical Anisotropy on Magnetotelluric Responses: Synthetic Case Studies." Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 23, no. 1 (March 2018): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/jeeg23.1.61.

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Using the staggered-grid finite difference method, a numerical modeling algorithm for a 3D arbitrary anisotropic Earth is implemented based on magnetotelluric (MT) theory. After the validation of this algorithm and comparison with predecessors, it was applied to several qualitative and quantitative analyses containing electrical anisotropy and a simple 3D prism model. It was found that anisotropic parameters for ρ 1 , ρ 2 , and ρ 3 play almost the same role in affecting 3D MT responses as in 1D and 2D without considering three Euler's angles α S , α D , and α L . Significant differences appear between the off-diagonal components of the apparent resistivity tensor and also between the diagonal components in their values and distributing features under the influence of 3D anisotropy, which in turn help to identify whether the MT data are generated from 3D anisotropic earth. Considering the deflecting effects arising from the inconsistency between the anisotropy axes and the measuring axes, some strategies are also provided to estimate the deflecting angles associated with anisotropy strike α S or dip α D , which may be used as initial values for the 3D anisotropy inversion. [Figure: see text]

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24

Begum, S. Kareemunnisa, and T. Harinarayana. "Basement Configuration from Magnetotelluric Studies in Bhuj Earthquake Epicentral Zone, Gujarat, India." Open Journal of Earthquake Research 05, no. 03 (2016): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojer.2016.53015.

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25

Patro, Prasanta K., and T. Harinarayana. "Deep geoelectric structure of the Sikkim Himalayas (NE India) using magnetotelluric studies." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 173, no. 1-2 (March 2009): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2008.10.011.

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26

Beamish, D., and J. M. Travassos. "Magnetotelluric studies from two contrasting Brazilian basins: a reassessment of old data." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 81, no. 1-4 (December 1993): 261–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(93)90135-v.

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27

Patro, Prasanta K. "Magnetotelluric Studies for Hydrocarbon and Geothermal Resources: Examples from the Asian Region." Surveys in Geophysics 38, no. 5 (September 2017): 1005–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-017-9439-x.

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28

Türkoğlu, Erşan, Martyn Unsworth, and Dinu Pana. "Deep electrical structure of northern Alberta (Canada): implications for diamond exploration." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 46, no. 2 (February 2009): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e09-009.

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Geophysical studies of upper mantle structure can provide constraints on diamond formation. Teleseismic and magnetotelluric data can be used in diamond exploration by mapping the depth of the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary. Studies in the central Slave Craton and at Fort-à-la-Corne have detected conductors in the lithospheric mantle close to, or beneath, diamondiferous kimberlites. Graphite can potentially explain the enhanced conductivity and may imply the presence of diamonds at greater depth. Petrologic arguments suggest that the shallow lithospheric mantle may be too oxidized to contain graphite. Other diamond-bearing regions show no upper mantle conductor suggesting that the correlation with diamondiferous kimberlites is not universal. The Buffalo Head Hills in Alberta host diamondiferous kimberlites in a Proterozoic terrane and may have formed in a subduction zone setting. Long period magnetotelluric data were used to investigate the upper mantle resistivity structure of this region. Magnetotelluric (MT) data were recorded at 23 locations on a north–south profile extending from Fort Vermilion to Utikuma Lake and an east–west profile at 57.2°N. The data were combined with Lithoprobe MT data and inverted to produce a three-dimensional (3-D) resistivity model with the asthenosphere at 180–220 km depth. This model did not contain an upper mantle conductor beneath the Buffalo Head Hills kimberlites. The 3-D inversion exhibited an eastward dipping conductor in the crust beneath the Kiskatinaw terrane that could represent the fossil subduction zone that supplied the carbon for diamond formation. The low resistivity at crustal depths in this structure is likely due to graphite derived from subducted organic material.

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29

Pospeeva, Elena, and Vladimir Potapov. "DEEP STRUCTURE OF SOUTH-EASTERN PART OF THE WEST SIBIRIAN PLATE AND IN THE SALAIR ACCORDING TO MAGNETOTELLURIC SOUNDINGS." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 2 (2019): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-2-2-80-86.

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The first results of magnetotelluric studies carried out on the profile of v. Talmenka – Leninsk-Kuznetsky (South-Eastern part of the West Siberian plate and Salair) are considered, the main features of the distribution of deep electrical conductivity in the two main geological structures of the study area: the South-Eastern part of the West Siberian plate and the Salair zone are shown.

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30

Pospeeva, E. V., F. I. Zhimulev, I. S. Novikov, and V. V. Potapov. "The deep structure of the Salair fold-cover structure according to magnetotelluric studies." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 929, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/929/1/012027.

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Abstract The results of magnetotelluric studies (MTS) performed within the Salair cover-folded structure on two profiles are considered: the Zabrodino village – the Rodnikovy village (1) and the Smaznevo village – the Kotino village (2). The profiles are oriented crosswise along the main structures and intersect Salair and the western part of the Kuznetskiy trough. The analysis of the obtained data showed that a subhorizontal underlying conducting zone is distinguished in the Earth’s crust of the Salair fold-cover structure, such zone is typical for intracontinental orogens. The zone is considered as a deep separation failure. The nature of the electrical resistance values distribution confirms the presence of the Salair thrust on the Kuznetskiy deflection. The Alambay ophiolite zone on the geoelectric section corresponds to a highly gradient region, indicating the suture zone of this structure. High resistivity values in the northern part of the Khmelevskoy trough are associated with the widespread development of granitoid massifs that are not covered by erosion.

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31

Rao, C. K., S. G. Gokarn, and B. P. Singh. "Upper Crustal Structure in the Torni-Purnad Region, Central India Using Magnetotelluric Studies." Journal of geomagnetism and geoelectricity 47, no. 4 (1995): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5636/jgg.47.411.

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32

Bastani, Mehrdad, Alireza Malehmir, and Alexandros Savvaidis. "Combined use of controlled-source and radio-magnetotelluric methods for near surface studies." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2015, no. 1 (December 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2015ab255.

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33

Harinarayana, T., K. K. Abdul Azeez, K. Naganjaneyulu, C. Manoj, K. Veeraswamy, D. N. Murthy, and S. Prabhakar Eknath Rao. "Magnetotelluric studies in Puga valley geothermal field, NW Himalaya, Jammu and Kashmir, India." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 138, no. 3-4 (December 2004): 405–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.07.011.

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34

Gupta, Gautam, S. G. Gokarn, and B. P. Singh. "Thickness of the Siwalik sediments in the Mohand-Ramnagar region using magnetotelluric studies." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 83, no. 3-4 (June 1994): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(94)90090-6.

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35

Harinarayana, T., K. Naganjaneyulu, and B. P. K. Patro. "Detection of a collision zone in south Indian shield region from magnetotelluric studies." Gondwana Research 10, no. 1-2 (August 2006): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2005.12.006.

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36

García, Xavier, and Alan G. Jones. "A new methodology for the acquisition and processing of audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) data in the AMT dead band." GEOPHYSICS 70, no. 5 (September 2005): G119—G126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2073889.

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Distant lightning activity, the natural energy source for the audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) method, has a signal minimum between 1 and 5 kHz, the so-called AMT dead band. The energy in this band exhibits both diurnal and annual variation; magnetic-field amplitudes during the daytime are often well below the noise levels of existing sensors (coil magnetometers), thus reducing the effectiveness of the method for quantitative high-resolution studies of near-surface targets. To overcome this deficiency, we propose a hybrid acquisition and processing methodology based on combining the telluric-telluric (T-T) and telluric-magnetotelluric (T-MT) methods in this frequency range. Our method records the telluric channels at several sites and at base and remote reference stations during the day and records the full magnetotelluric (MT) components at the base and remote stations only during the night. Applying a tensor multiplicative relationship between these responses, we obtain the T-MT AMT transfer functions for the sites; these transfer functions can represent a reasonable approximation of the real AMT impedance tensors. To test the approach, a T-MT experiment was carried out in Sudbury, northern Ontario, during summer 2000. We compare the processed daytime data using the conventional MT approach to those obtained from our T-MT approach. The results demonstrate that our method can determine high-quality estimates in the dead band, although the estimates can be severely affected by noise.

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37

Stewart, Ian C. F., Thomas C. Connally, and Jeffrey H. Copley. "Stratigraphic Interpretation of Magnetotelluric Data in Central Saudi Arabia." GeoArabia 1, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia010152.

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ABSTRACT The pre-Khuff interval of the Paleozoic sediments in central Arabia is poorly defined by conventional seismic techniques, although this layer has significant potential for hydrocarbon exploration. Model studies indicated that magnetotelluric methods could outline the regional changes expected in the pre-Khuff in the area, which are largely dependent on the topography of the Precambrian basement. The Hercynian orogenic event created an extensive block-faulted terrane of half-grabens and horsts. The Hercynian structural relief was infilled in the Permo-Carboniferous and faulting reactivated in Triassic and later time, but the relationship between pre-Khuff and post-Khuff structure was impossible to understand using seismic data alone. In this survey of almost 500 magnetotelluric (MT) stations, essential control on the shallower section was provided by seismic interpretations, in addition to well log data for depths and resistivities. The MT method was very successful in confirming the presence of significant pre-Khuff section over some basement structures, as well as defining areas where the section is thin or absent which may be suitable for further exploration for stratigraphic traps.

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Prystai, A. M., and V. O. Pronenko. "Improving of electrical channels for magnetotelluric sounding instrumentation." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 4, no. 2 (July 30, 2015): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-4-149-2015.

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Abstract. The study of the deep structure of the Earth's crust is of great interest for both applied (e.g. mineral exploration) and scientific research. For this the electromagnetic (EM) studies which enable one to construct the distribution of electrical conductivity in the Earth's crust are of great use. The most common method of EM exploration is magnetotelluric sounding (MT). This passive method of research uses a wide range of natural geomagnetic variations as a powerful source of electromagnetic induction in the Earth, producing telluric current variations there. It includes the measurements of variations of natural electric and magnetic fields in orthogonal directions at the surface of the Earth. By this, the measurements of electric fields are much more complicated metrological processes, and, namely, they limit the precision of MT prospecting. This is especially complicated at deep sounding when measurements of long periods are of interest. The increase in the accuracy of the electric field measurement can significantly improve the quality of MT data. Because of this, the development of a new version of an instrument for the measurements of electric fields at MT – both electric field sensors and the electrometer – with higher levels relative to the known instrument parameter level – was initiated. The paper deals with the peculiarities of this development and the results of experimental tests of the new sensors and electrometers included as a unit in the long-period magnetotelluric station LEMI-420 are given.

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Prystai, A. M., and V. O. Pronenko. "Improving of electrical channels for magnetotelluric sounding instrumentation." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions 5, no. 1 (April 2, 2015): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gid-5-63-2015.

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Abstract. The study of deep structure of the Earth's crust is of great interest for both applied (e.g. mineral exploration) and scientific research. For this the electromagnetic (EM) studies which enable to construct the distribution of electrical conductivity in the Earth's crust are of great use. The most common method of EM exploration is magnetotelluric sounding (MT). This passive method of research uses a wide range of natural geomagnetic variations as a powerful source of electromagnetic induction in the Earth, producing there telluric currents variations. It includes the measurements of variations of natural electric and magnetic fields in orthogonal directions at the surface of the Earth. By this, the measurements of electric field are much more complicated metrological process, and namely they are limiting the precision of MT prospecting. This is especially complicated at deep sounding when measurements of long periods are of interest. The increase of the accuracy of the electric field measurement can significantly improve the quality of MT data. Because of this the development of new version of instrument for the measurements of electric field at MT – both electric field sensors and the electrometer – with higher relative to the known instruments parameters level were initiated. The paper deals with the peculiarities of this development and the results of experimental tests of the new sensors and electrometer included as a unit in the long-period magnetotelluric station LEMI-420 are given.

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Clowes, Ron M. "Initiation, development, and benefits of Lithoprobe — shaping the direction of Earth science research in Canada and beyondThis article is one of a series of papers published in this Special Issue on the theme Lithoprobe — parameters, processes, and the evolution of a continent.Lithoprobe Contribution 1480." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 47, no. 4 (April 2010): 291–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e09-074.

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Lithoprobe is Canada’s national, collaborative, multidisciplinary, Earth science research project established to develop a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of northern North America. It is regarded internationally as one of the most successful national geoscience projects ever undertaken. Part of Lithoprobe’s success derives from its history and organizational structure. A one-year Phase I program (1984–1985) was highly successful. Phases II to V carried the project forward until 2005, when funding terminated. Lithoprobe was organized as a decentralized research network of multidisciplinary scientific studies and collaborating scientists. About 1500 scientific publications were generated. Lithoprobe’s legacy also includes economic and social benefits. New and improved understanding of Earth history provides petroleum and mining companies with an enhanced knowledge base. Lithoprobe demonstrated the applicability of high-resolution seismic reflection studies to mineral exploration. Development of a portable seismic refraction recorder and a long-period magnetotelluric system led to technology transfer to Canadian companies. Very high-resolution seismic reflection studies, applied first by Lithoprobe, are proving effective for exploration for uranium deposits in Saskatchewan. In the cratonic areas of Canada, Lithoprobe seismic and magnetotelluric studies have provided significant new information relevant to exploration for diamonds. On the west coast of Canada, Lithoprobe studies provided data and a framework for better understanding the mega-thrust earthquake hazard in the region. Lithoprobe established a highly effective public outreach strategy that involved the print and electronic media as well as material for educational purposes. Unequivocally, Lithoprobe has enhanced the already strong reputation of the Earth sciences in Canada.

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Logvinov, I. M., and V. N. Tarasov. "Meridional heterogeneities (according to magnetotelluric studies) on the territory of the Dnieper-Donets Basin." Reports of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, no. 8 (August 22, 2017): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/dopovidi2017.08.057.

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Evans, Rob L., Alan D. Chave, and John R. Booker. "On the importance of offshore data for magnetotelluric studies of ocean-continent subduction systems." Geophysical Research Letters 29, no. 9 (May 2002): 16–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001gl013960.

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Becken, Michael, and Oliver Ritter. "Magnetotelluric Studies at the San Andreas Fault Zone: Implications for the Role of Fluids." Surveys in Geophysics 33, no. 1 (December 1, 2011): 65–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-011-9144-0.

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Harinarayana, T., K. K. Abdul Azeez, D. N. Murthy, K. Veeraswamy, S. P. Eknath Rao, C. Manoj, and K. Naganjaneyulu. "Exploration of geothermal structure in Puga geothermal field, Ladakh Himalayas, India by magnetotelluric studies." Journal of Applied Geophysics 58, no. 4 (April 2006): 280–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2005.05.005.

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Lin, Wule, Bo Yang, Bo Han, and Xiangyun Hu. "A Review of Subsurface Electrical Conductivity Anomalies in Magnetotelluric Imaging." Sensors 23, no. 4 (February 6, 2023): 1803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23041803.

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After 70 years of development, magnetotelluric (MT), a remote sensing technique for subsurface electrical resistivity imaging, has been widely applied in resource exploration and the deep tectonic evolution of the Earth. The electrical resistivity anomalies and their quantitative interpretation are closely related to or even controlled by the interconnected high-conductivity phases, which are frequently associated with tectonic activity. Based on representative electrical resistivity studies mainly of the deep crust and mantle, we reviewed principal electrical conduction mechanisms, generally used conductivity mixing models, and potential causes of high-conductivity including the saline fluid, partial melting, graphite, sulfide, and hydrogen in nominally anhydrous minerals, and the general methods to infer the water content of the upper mantle through electrical anomaly revealed by MT.

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Kushnir, Anton, Tatiana Burakhovych, Volodymyr Ilyenko, and Bogdan Shyrkov. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(31)2021, no. 2(31) (December 29, 2021): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.02.092.

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In order to study the deep structure of the southwestern Ukrainian Carpathians, where the Carpathian conductivity anomaly is located, in 2015 and 2020, modern synchronous magnetotelluric studies were carried out on the profiles of Mukachevo-Skole, Seredne-Borynya and Karpatsky at twenty-three points and the spatiotemporal distribution and the electric field on the Earth's surface, which can be used to assess the conductivity and geoelectrical structure of the region, was obtained. Processing of experimental data was performed using the software PRC_MTMV, which provides a common noise-canceling impedance estimation for synchronous magnetotellurical recordings. Curves of apparent electrical resistivity (amplitude values and phases of impedance) from 10 to 10000 s were obtained reliably. A joint analysis of the apparent resistivity and impedance phases and the formal interpretation of the deep magnetotellurical sounding curves using the Niblett transformation indicate the presence of the spatially inhomogeneous conductor both in the earth's crust and in the upper part of the upper mantle. The chain of local conductive sections in the earth's crust coincides with the axial part of the Carpathian conductivity anomaly. High conductivity of the upper mantle was recorded in the Ukrainian Carpathians from the Transcarpathian Depression to the Skiba cover. It is shown that it is not a homogeneous layer, there is a general deepening of the upper edge to the northeast from 40-60 km (Transcarpathian depression) to 90-100 km (Krosno cover). Sharp deepening along the Porkulets and Dukla covers is revealed. Information about the existence of a deep conductor and its parameters should be the basis for quantitative interpretation and construction of the 3D deep geoelectrical model.

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Kellett, R. L. "New constraints on the geometry of the Lac Bouchette gabbro – anorthosite from magnetotellurics and magnetics." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 32, no. 9 (September 1, 1995): 1365–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e95-110.

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A cross section of the resistivity structure through the Lac Bouchette gabbro–anorthosite provides a new image of the thin-skinned geometry of an allochthonous terrane in the western Grenville Province of Canada. Two-dimensional inversion of high-frequency magnetotelluric soundings and magnetic modelling indicate that the gabbro–anorthosite is a 1.5 km thick slice bounded by conductive thrust faults. Graphite, which is present at the margins of the gabbro–anorthosite and in the metasedimentary Réservoir Cabonga terrane to the south, is the most likely source of the enhanced electrical conductivity in the fault zones. The southern margin of the gabbro–anorthosite dips at about 15° to the south beneath the Réservoir Cabonga terrane. The gabbro–anorthosite can be divided into a highly magnetic gabbroic body in the south, a less magnetic metagabbro in the north, and a thin anorthositic lense in the centre. The combination of closely spaced magnetotelluric soundings and magnetic modelling provides independent constraints for gravity and seismic reflection studies in progress. The geometry of the Lac Bouchette gabbro–anorthosite, revealed by this geophysical study, supports a hypothesis that some gabbro–anorthosites behave as competent blocks adjacent to the major tectonic boundaries of the Grenville Province.

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Jones, Alan G., and John H. Foster. "An objective real‐time data‐adaptive technique for efficient model resolution improvement in magnetotelluric studies." GEOPHYSICS 51, no. 1 (January 1986): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442043.

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A scheme is described whereby the error associated with the least well‐resolved model eigenparameter in a magnetotelluric survey is reduced by focusing data collection on a specific range of frequencies. The scheme also gives a quantitative estimate of the statistical error associated with the least well‐resolved model parameter, and thus provides an objective criterion to the operator regarding when to cease data collection at that location. The scheme is based on a linearization of the relationship between variations in the model parameters and the changes thereby introduced to the computed response function. The matrix of partial derivatives describing this linearization is factored orthogonally by a singular value decomposition. The scheme is illustrated by applying it to a synthetic data set. Also, the algorithm has been coded in Basic on an HP9845 and employed in the field. An example is given of its field operation in a sedimentary basin environment.

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Ajithabh, K. S., and Prasanta K. Patro. "Crustal deformation in Volcanic covered area as inferred from magnetotelluric studies: An example from India." Journal of Geodynamics 145 (May 2021): 101840. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2021.101840.

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Vaittinen, K., T. Korja, P. Kaikkonen, I. Lahti, and M. Yu Smirnov. "High-resolution magnetotelluric studies of the Archaean-Proterozoic border zone in the Fennoscandian Shield, Finland." Geophysical Journal International 188, no. 3 (January 4, 2012): 908–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2011.05300.x.

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