Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Magnétisme – France'
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Carporzen, Laurent Stéphane Olivier. "Magnétisme des cratères d'impact de météorite à Vredefort (Afrique du Sud) et Rochechouart (France)." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077013.
We characterise the paleomagnetism and rock magnetism of two meteorite impact craters. In Rochechouart (France; 214±8 Ma), dual polarities recorded in impact breccias have a paleomagnetic pôle statistically identical to the Manicouagan (Canada; 214±1 Ma) crater in an Upper Triassic reference frame, suggesting that both craters owe their origin to a multiple impact event. The Vredefort (South Africa; 2023±4 Ma) crater possesses multi-domain-sized Archean magnetites and a new generation of magnetite, skewed toward single domain sizes, which crystallised during the impact. For the first time in a crystalline rock, we demonstrate the presence of two Verwey transitions. One of the transitions, at ~124 K, is associated with thé Archean magnetites and thé other (~102 K) to non-stoichiometric magnetite linked to the impact. Furthermore, we observe that the Verwey transitions are modified by heating, possibly suggesting that the basement rocks have not been globally heated above ~500°C since the impact. We observe that a fraction of the rocks recorded a thermo-remanent magnetization and that some samples had been hit by lightning. However, it seems that thé magnetizations in some samples can not be explained by either type of remanent acquisition processes. For these, we propose that their intense and randomly oriented magnetizations owe their origin to a magnetic field generated by the plasma of the impact
Souque, Christine. "Magnétisme structural dans les chaînes de chevauchement-plissement : dévelopements analytiques et exemples d'utlisation dans les Corbières." Cergy-Pontoise, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CERG0155.
Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) is commonly used to define shortening directions because it is efficient even if strain is too weak to be macroscopically visible. We focus here on ASM results from an area that has endured polyphased strain, either linked to two distinct and successive shortening directions, or to succession of layer parallel shortening (LPS) and folding. In this way, a sampling has been performed in the Pyrenean foreland, in different structural positions of the Lagrasse fold (Corbières, France) and in the different sheets of the "La Cagalière" duplex, hundred of meters scale structure in the depths of the Lagrasse fold. These structures were emplaced in two successive shortening directions. Early tectonic anisotropy connected to LPS in the first direction is recorded by AMS. It is not altered by the second one and is only sheared during folding. Nonetheless, AMS is really different close to thrusts and without any simple meaning at first sight. The use of a thermic treatment on specimens from these sites allowed us to decipher the early tectonic anisotropy due to LPS. This showed us information about the first shortening direction underwent and rotations about vertical axis recorded since then. The early anisotropy is thus not erased but only masked by later crystallizations. Thermic treatment seems to be valid in different facies. By return, these results allowed us to interpret the duplex as a stopping structure of the lateral propagation of the Lagrasse fold thrust, and to chronogically place the duplex emplacement between this stopping and the sliping transfer on an out-of-sequence thrust
Kayvantash, Dariouche. "Caractérisation des particules ferrugineuses dans la Seine avec le magnétisme environnemental." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM056.
Iron and its compounds, in particular iron (hoxyhydr)oxides are ubiquitous in both nature and human activity, and are sensitive to environmental conditions. They can hence be used as environmental source and process tracers.This thesis focuses on tracing the human activities impact in the ferruginous compound of the suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the Seine River (France) using environmental magnetism tools.SPM sampling was conducted along the Seine path and its tributaries during different hydrological contexts. Magnetic properties were measured to characterize the ferruginous magnetic particles and to examine their relationship with the environment in which they have been formed.The main magnetic carrier is magnetite. It is concentrated in the fine sediment fraction and its magnetic properties can be used to trace the sediment load and hydrodynamic processes of the Seine.Increases in concentration and grain size of magnetite particles are associated to urbanization and industrial activities which are sources of anthropogenic particles. Significant variations can be observed between upstream and downstream of confluences and in the temporal scale and can be associated to hydrodynamic processes such as dilution, accretion, transport and re-suspension of the ferruginous particles
Charrasse, Fanny. "Magies de la modernité : illégitimité et légitimation du magnétisme en France et du chamanisme au Pérou." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022EHES0023.
For a long time, in industrial societies, magical practices such as shamanism, fortune-telling, spiritualism or magnetism were disqualified, even repressed, on the pretext that they were incompatible with modernity: from the point of view of an “analogic” ontology they seemed destined to disappear in western and westernized countries, because of the growing power of “naturalism”—to use the categories forged by Philippe Descola. In the past few decades, however, we can observe how these magical and traditional practices are increasingly tolerated. In some cases, they are even promoted and protected by institutional actors (for instance, in hospitals or museums). To explain this change of attitude, many researchers invoke a general cultural change. This invocation, however, not only ignores analyses of how this change is related to structural transformations of industrial societies, but also obstructs examination of how these practices have transformed. These transformations are the object of study in this PhD dissertation, which consists of two empirical case-studies: magnetism in France and shamanism in the Lambayeque region of Peru. On the basis of comparative research combining ethnography and socio-historical investigation, I analyze the significant social work, often left in the shadows by scholars studying it, that has been done in recent decades to conform these two practices to the expectations of industrial modernity—a process I call “simple modernization” and that involves their professionalization and marketization. In doing so, I show that contemporary challenges of the foundations of industrial society, through critique of the superiority granted to western (naturalist) knowledge over ancient (analogic) knowledge, is not a “return to the past” as some actors would claim, but rather a next step in the accomplishment of the project of modernity—corresponding, in this case, to the transition to reflexive modernization. The dissertation establishes the central role that the social sciences play in this process, a role of which, it is argued, they should become more aware
Poitrasson, Franck. "Apports du système radiométrique Samarium-Néodyme à la connaissance du magnétisme anorogénique intracontinental. Exemple du sud-est de la France (Corse et Estérel)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF21601.
Kayvantash, Dariouche. "Caractérisation des particules ferrugineuses dans la Seine avec le magnétisme environnemental." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM056/document.
Iron and its compounds, in particular iron (hoxyhydr)oxides are ubiquitous in both nature and human activity, and are sensitive to environmental conditions. They can hence be used as environmental source and process tracers.This thesis focuses on tracing the human activities impact in the ferruginous compound of the suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the Seine River (France) using environmental magnetism tools.SPM sampling was conducted along the Seine path and its tributaries during different hydrological contexts. Magnetic properties were measured to characterize the ferruginous magnetic particles and to examine their relationship with the environment in which they have been formed.The main magnetic carrier is magnetite. It is concentrated in the fine sediment fraction and its magnetic properties can be used to trace the sediment load and hydrodynamic processes of the Seine.Increases in concentration and grain size of magnetite particles are associated to urbanization and industrial activities which are sources of anthropogenic particles. Significant variations can be observed between upstream and downstream of confluences and in the temporal scale and can be associated to hydrodynamic processes such as dilution, accretion, transport and re-suspension of the ferruginous particles
Platevoet, Richard. "Diversité des formations pyroclastiques S. L. Du strato-volcan du Cantal (miocène ; Massif Central français) : élaboration d'une méthodologie de corrélation (dynamismes volcaniques : minéralogie ; magnétisme de roches et radiochronologie)." Lille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL10140.
Méheust, Bertrand. "La guerre du somnambulisme et de la médiumnité : la science du XIXe siècle au défi du magnétisme animal : chronique et analyse d'un choc dans la culture." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010646.
The purpose of this thesis is to describe and comment a battle of ideas which, although forgotten, played a decisive part in modern man's self understanding. That is, the controversy which fired throughout last century, between the socalled "animal magnetism" and the medical establishment. It all started with the discovery, by the marquis de puysegur, of a strange psychic state in which the people seemed to have access to unknown faculties. At stake was the problem of knowing if, and how far, the stange phenomena which occurred during the "magnetic" trance did oblige to reconsider the limits of human faculties. Puysegur's discovery started an unprecedented controversy which resulted in the working out of compromise solutions, and of new hydrid theories. And among those we have to consider psychoanalysis
Esteban, Lionel. "Anisotropies magnétique et de porosité des argilites du Callovo-Oxfordien du laboratoire souterrain de l'Andra (Meuse/Haute-Marne, Bassin de Paris)." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30270.
In order to test the feasibility of nuclear waste storage, Andra, the French Agency in charge of radioactive waste management, gave us the opportunity to study preserved specimens of Jurassic clay-rich rocks from eastern Paris Basin. These rocks, deposited during the Callovian and beginning of the Oxfordian, are dark- to light-grey marls that consist mainly in a mixture of clay, calcite and silt. Core-specimens regularly collected along the Callovo-Oxfordian formation from several vertical and oblique boreholes, were subjected to a magnetic mineralogy study, and to a petrofabric study with respect to the geographical frame, itself related to a study of the pore network. The mineralogy study helps to characterize the nature of the para- and -ferrimagnetic fractions at the origin of the magnetic susceptibility and remanence which vary according to the clay/calcite/silt ratios, the latter being mostly made of detrital grains of magnetite. In the clay-rich rocks (illite and smectites), the ferrimagnetic fraction is also made of authigenic sulfides, possibly greigite, which accompany the ubiquitous framboids of pyrite. This fraction seems to equate with the soft coercive fraction which was used to re-orient the vertical borehole cores with respect to the present magnetic north. The hard fraction equates with the iron-oxides, in agreement with the random nature of the natural remanence. Hence, the coexistence in the same sediment of iron-sulfides and iron-oxides is related to distinct origins rather than to variable conditions during sedimentation or diagenesis. .
Montagu, Sybil Gertrude de. "L'émergence de l'analyse dimensionnelle : l'analyse dimensionnelle en France et en Grande-Bretagne au XIXe siècle." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070013.
The 19th century witnessed the development of modern dimensional analysis. There had been precedents as far back as Antiquity, related to the demands of homogeneity. However, it is only in 1822 that the concept of dimension acquired its modern meaning, when in his Theorie de la chaleur Joseph Fourier (1768-1830) dissociated it from the nature of physical quantities and redefined it in terms of measurement, in the context of conversion between different Systems of units. In the early 1860s, the need to define standards of electrical measurements led James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) and Fleeming Jenkins (1833-1885) to combine some aspects of Friedrich Gauss's (1777-1855) and Wilhelm Weber's (1804-1891) work with Fourier's ideas. The latter then spread both in Great Britain and on the Continent through Maxwell's works, notably his Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism (1873). The plurality of dimensions that the different Systems of electrical units implied then led to numerous debates, both in France and in Great Britain. These often concealed deep conceptual differences regarding dimensions, as to their being related to the nature of physical quantities or to conversions. Meanwhile, various attempts to use dimensional analysis for purposes of discovery also took place - from Lord Rayleigh's (1842-1919) "method of dimensions" in Theory of sound (1877), which allowed for determining equations under some circumstances, to the Pi Theorem as it was put forward by Aimé Vaschy (1857-1899) in 1892
Chabert-Pelline, Corinne. "Géométrie et cinématique de la branche occidentale de l'Arc de Castellane (Alpes de Haute-Provence-France)." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00800341.
Lecoanet, Hélène. "Retombées métalliques sur les sols de la région Fos-Berre (Sud de la France) : Approche magnétique et géochimique appliquée à la discrimination des sources dé́mission." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30061.
The purpose of this study is to determine the relationships between magnetic particles and chemical elements for the Fos - Berre region (southern France) in order to valid an indirect approach for heavy metal contamination. The investigated zones are the Sollac-Fos steelworks, the Lafarge-Fos cement factory, and the Crau plain. Magnetic and chemical measurements were performed on various samples (aerosols, soils, water, and steel dusts). Pb and Sr isotope analyses as well as EXAFS spectroscopy were carried out in order to determine the source signature and the mineral phase carrying the heavy metals. The impact of the different emission sources on the magnetic and chemical characteristics of soils is demonstrated. For atmospheric fallout, the relalionships between magnetic parameters and heavy metals could be explained by the presence of non-totally crystallised melallic oxides and/or hydroxides. Zinc silicates are identified as well. .
Garcia, Yannick. "Variation de l'intensité du champ magnétique en France durant les deux derniers millénaires." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00648642.
Anichini, Giulia. "L’ imagerie par résonance magnétique dans la recherche fondamentale en neurosciences : ethnographie des pratiques de cartographie du cerveau à l'ère du numérique." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0669.
This thesis focuses on cartographic practices of a particular brain imaging technique: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Through an ethnographic study conducted in two sites, a fMRI shared platform and a neuroscience research organization, I studied all steps of the research process - from experimental design to the publication of results - and analyzed how images are engaged in the production of knowledge on the brain. The study of the brain morphology, which mobilizes increasingly more databases and software designed for the processing of a large number of images, poses new constraints specific to a data-driven science. I use the notion of "bricolage" to explain certain practices engaged in the production of results. This phenomenon meets productivity imperatives but it also reflects tension between two normative frameworks: the experimental method and exploration of Big Data. Part of my research is devoted to social neuroscience (the field to which some of my informants belong) and the location of functions that compose the "social brain" (Dunbar, 1998). The biological anchoring of certain mental provisionsthrough data from funzctional neuroimaging provides a legitimation of existing social order. "Moral emotions" in particular play the role of biomakers in the ceavage between the "normal" and "pathological" brain but they also participate in the construction of the "sexualized" brain
Szaniawski, Rafał. "Paléomagnétisme et tectogénése des variscides du Nord de la France et du Sud de la Belgique." Lille 1, 2004. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/9a73e9a1-132a-4ee4-9978-bc538d619607.
Brodard, Aurélie. "Caractérisation thermique de structures de combustion par les effets de la chauffe sur les minéraux : thermoluminescence et propriétés magnétiques de foyers de la grotte des Fraux (Dordogne)." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870483.
Le, Bas Jean-François. "Évaluation clinique, technique et économique d'un imageur RMN Magniscan 5000 G au Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Grenoble." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE19002.
Mathé, Vivien. "Signaux magnétiques dans les sols : potentiel de la caractérisation de la texture d'un sol par les anomalies magnétiques métriques à inframétriques : prospection dans la zone humide des marais de l'ouest de la France." La Rochelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LAROS101.
The spatial variability of the soil agronomic properties is tackled by the high resolution cartography of magnetic anomalies. This geophysical survey method was improved and tested on several sites in the western France marshlands. The implemented methodology allowed us to map, with a decimetric resolution, a signal with dynamics of a few nT. The surveys were performed on plots with various agricultural practices. It appeared that the texture of each map depends on the soil history (drains, tractor crossing). The contribution of the magnetic cartography in order to fully understand soils was then shown by the mineralogical interpretation of the magnetic anomalies. The surface signal depends on nature, contents and distribution of the ferromagnetic s. L. Phases. These parameters are microtracers of the soil properties (Eh, pH) which are modified by the agricultural activity (drainage, compaction)
Liu, Kai. "La RMN du carbone-13, outil d’analyse, étude phytochimique de Clinopodium ascendens, bupleurum fruticosum et Santolina corica." Corte, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00604114.
The structural and quantitative analysis of complex mixtures such as essential oils or extracts is commonly carried out by GC-RI, GC/MS or a combination of the se techniques. Carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy is an efficient tool for the identification of individual components, without previous separation, of essential oils. The study of the chemical composition of the essential oil associated by the antibacterial activities contributes to the development of the field of fragrance materials in Corsica. We carried out several binary mixtures containing oxygenated mono, sesqui and diterpenes. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding was responsible to the 13C NMR chemical shifts in the mixture spectrum compared with those of pure compounds. Otherwise, our results also suggested the presents of other intermolecular bond like Van der Waals bonding. The analysis of the chemical composition of the essential oil of three insular plants growing wild, Clinopodium ascendens of Madeira Island, Bupleurum fruticosum and Santolina corsica of Corsica, has been investigated using a combination of column chromatography, GC, GC/MS and I3C NMR following a methodology developed and computerized in our laboratory. - The essential oil of Clinopodium ascendens was characterised by C-3 oxygenated p¬menthane derivatives (cis and trans isopulegone, neoiso-isopulegol). - We got interested by Bupleurum fruticosum, growing wild in Corsica. Conceming the essential oil, the influence of several parameters was investigated: seasonaL variation, different aerial parts, infraspecific variability of the essential oil; oil extract by microwave apparatus. The oil of Bupleurum fruticosum from Corsica was characterised by the high content of ~-phel1andrene. - ln the essential oil of Santolina corsica we noted the occurrence of irregular mono and sesquiterpenes. Antibacterial activity was tested against six bacteria strains. An irregular monoterpene, Lyratol, was identified as main responsive of the antibacterial activity
Mfoihaya, Bédja. "Étude de l'exposition de la population française au champ magnétique 50 Hertz." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112368.
The magnetic fields (MF) at extremely low frequency (ELF) have been suspected, for around 30 years, to be responsible for several pathologies in humans, more precisely, childhood leukemia. The last collective assessment by international expert groups (WHO 2007,SCENHIR 2009) concluded that the last major questioning concerning ELF MF is the statistic correlation observed in several meta-analysis between the increase of childhood leukemia risk and a MF exposure higher than 0,4 µT in means over 24h (Ahlbom et al. , 2000), without any causal relation. To study the exposure of the French population to 50 Hz MF, two representative samples of this population (1000 adults and 1000 children) were created using random selection method. Each volunteer wore an EMDEX II measuring and recording MF during 24-hour period and progressively completed a timetable and a questionnaire containing specific information about himself and his home. When returning the measurement device, the pollster noted GPS coordinates at the front door of volunteer home, in order to identify afterwards electric networks near the home. To characterize mean exposures, nonparametric regression models were applied. They have allowed identifying among the data collected, the factors favoring a higher mean exposure. Each series of MF was then described by indicators and hierarchical clustering was applied. Three classes of exposure were defined. A logistic regression was used to identify factors favoring probability of belonging to the most exposed classes
Al-Fares, Walid. "Caractérisation des milieux aquifères karstiques et fracturés par différentes méthodes géophysiques." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20004.
Gomes, Sandrine. "Caractérisation et comprehension des processus d'hydratation des cendres volantes de centrales thermiques françaises équipées d'un système de désulfuration." Nancy 1, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1998_0246_GOMES.pdf.
Boulila, Slah. "Cyclostratigraphie des séries sédimentaires du Jurassique supérieur (Sud-Est de la France, Nord de la Tunisie) : contrôle astro-climatique, implications géochronologiques et séquentielles." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066019.
Lamarche, Geoffroy. "ANALYSE MICROSTRUCTURALE ET FABRIQUE MAGNÉTIQUE. L'EXEMPLE DES CALCSCHISTES ET DES FLYSCHS DE LA ZONE DAUPHINOISE. {ALPES FRANÇAISES}." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00452022.
Sibé, Matthieu. "L'hôpital magnétique : définition, conceptualisation, attributs organisationnels et conséquences perçues sur les attitudes au travail." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1G031.
Many contemporary findings are alarmed of the recurring discomfort of hospital human resources, especially against doctors and nurses, and consequently against risk of poor quality of care for patients. Adopting a more optimistic approach, American nursing scholars have highlighted since the 1980s, some magnet hospitals, able to attract and retain, and with good working and care conditions. This thesis aims to explore Magnet Hospital concept, to inform its definition and scope for hospital human resource management in France. According to a hypothetico-deductive approach, based on a review of the literature, the conceptualization begins with appropriation of synthetic Magnet Hospital model. Under a psychosocial perspective, our original research model focuses on perception of managerial magnetic attributes (transformational leadership, perceived empowerment of participation, collegial climate between doctors and nurses) and their consequences on positive job attitudes (satisfaction, commitment, intent to rest, emotional equilibrium work/family, perceived collective efficacy), at wards level. A quantitative methodology proceeds by a questionnaire of 8 ad hoc scales and interviews 133 doctors, 361 nurses, 362, auxiliary nurses, in 36 French medicine units. A set of structural equations modeling, according to Partial Least Squares, tests nature and intensity of direct and indirect relationships of perceived managerial magnetism. The statistical results show a good validity of constructs and a good fit of models. The major positive effect of magnetic managerial context is on perceived collective efficacy. Some professional differences exist about perceptions of composition and transmission of magnetic effects (via mediation of perceived collective efficacy), indicating the contingency of magnetism. These findings open managerial and scientific opportunities, emphasizing the interest for positive organizational approach of hospital
Aubourg, Charles. "Méthodes d'étude de la fabrique magnétique appliquées aux roches sédimentaires peu déformées : exemple des Terres Noires subalpines." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00635804.
Salis, Jean-Sébastien. "Variation séculaire du champ magnétique terrestre. Direction et Paléointensité sur la période 7.000 - 70.000 BP dans les chaînes des Puys." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1986. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675476.
Aroussi, Abdelkrim. "Détection de l’ADN de Toxoplasma gondii et évaluation des performances de deux tests sérologiques dans la viande équine vendue dans les supermarchés en France." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0026/document.
In France, some cases of severe toxoplasmosis have been linked to the consumption of horse meat that had been imported from the American continent where atypical strains of Toxoplasma gondii are more common than in Europe. Many seroprevalence studies exist in the literature but the risk assessment of T. gondii infection after horse meat consumption is impossible because of the absence of validation of serological tests and the unknown correlation between detection of antibodies against T. gondii and presence of tissue cysts. We performed magnetic capture-polymerase chain reaction (MC-PCR) to detect T. gondii DNA in 231 horse meat samples purchased in supermarkets in France and evaluated the performance and level of agreement of the modified agglutination test (MAT) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the meat juices. We also tested 196 horse sera from - institut français du cheval et de l'équitation, Chamberet, France - to assess the accuracy of ELISA, MAT and immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). The serological tests lacked sensitivity, specificity, agreement between them, and there was no correlation with the presence of T. gondii DNA in horse meat, raising concerns about the reliability of T. gondii seroprevalence data in horses from the literature. T. gondii DNA was detected in 43% of horse meat samples but the absence of strain isolation in mice from more than 100 horse meat samples suggest a low distribution of cysts in skeletal muscles and a low risk of T. gondii infection associated with horse meat consumption. However, to avoid any risk of toxoplasmosis, a thorough cooking of horse meat is recommended
Hubert, Benoît L. M. "Les stromatopores givétiens et frasniens de l'Ardenne méridionale et du Boulonnais (France et Belgique) : sédimentologie, paléobiodiversité et paléobiogéographie." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10045/document.
The Devonian stromatoporoids are developped in Ardenne mainly during the Givetian. They are also weil represented during the Frasnian. The aim of this work is to analyse the biodiversity of stromatoporoids in southem Ardenne during these two periods and to compare the result with what we know in Boulonnais. Stromatoporoids are constrained to the nature of sediments (i. e. carbonated facies). Preliminary studies of sedimentologic environments are necessary to realised an approach of biodiversity. During the Givetian, the southern Ardenne is mainly characterised by shallow water and carbonated shelves. Abundant reefs have found the best conditions for their developpment. They are distributed at different scale and at different time. Some differences are constated between Givetian and Frasnian reefs. Thus, some species seems to be more developped in restricted facies, and are predominant inside the builders. Finally, stromatoporoids of the southern Ardenne seems to have affinities with faunas distributed along the same continent (i. e. Laurentia) and also with other geographic area (Afghanistan) along the Gondwana
vanhaecke, nicolas. "Molécules froides: formation, piégeage et spectroscopie. -Accumulation de dimères de césium dans un piège quadrupolaire magnétique. -Spectroscopie par frustration de photoassociation." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004296.
Un piège quadrupolaire magnétique de 2.10^5 molécules Cs2 froides a été réalisé. Le temps de vie du piège moléculaire est de 600ms, limité par les collisions avec le gaz chaud résiduel. Les molécules piégées ont été caractérisées, ce qui a permis de déterminer la température du nuage de molécules piégé, de l'ordre de 35uK. La mise en place d'un piège dipolaire, réalisé au moyen d'un laser CO2 focalisé est également décrit.
D'autre part, une spectroscopie de photoassociation à deux photons a été réalisée. Elle a permis l'étude originale des formes de raies de cette spectroscopie, présentant de typiques profils de Fano. Grâce à la connaissance précise de ces formes de raies, plus d'une centaine d'énergies de niveaux vibrationnellement très excités de la molécules de Cs2 sont mesurés, avec une précision de l'ordre de 10MHz. Lors de l'interprétation théorique, l'énorme structure hyperfine de l'atome de césium implique la résolution d'équation de Schrödinger couplées pour des distances internucléaires supérieures à 15a0. Un modèle théorique asymptotique est donc utilisé pour ajuster les paramètres moléculaires des potentiels fondamentaux de la molécules de Cs2.
Les ajustements de ces paramètres se font au moyen d'algorithmes évolutionnaires et déterministes et sont suivis d'une étude statistique approfondie. On détermine ainsi le coefficient de Van der Waals avec une excellente précision, ainsi que pour la première fois l'amplitude de l'interaction d'échange de manière expérimentale.
Palama, Tony. "NMR-based metabolomic characterization of Vanilla planifolia." Thesis, La Réunion, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LARE0005.
Vanilla planifolia, a flowering epiphitic orchid, is the major natural source of vanilla flavour. Largely used in dairy products, beverages, bakeries and perfume, vanilla flavour is obtained after a long process: from eight to nine months after flower pollinisation, mature pods are harvested and then prepered during about one year in order to release the characteristic vanilla aroma. Nowadays, more than half vanilla pods world production comes from Madagascar. To face the concurrence, a solution could be develop higher quality pods. Selection of the most aromatic vanilla plant is then preferred. Nevertheless, amelioration program are facing up to a lack of knowledge in vanilla plant physiology. It is now essential to understand more the physiological and biochemical mechanisms implied in the aromatic production of V. planifolia pods. In this thesis, a metabolomic analysis of vanilla green pods and leaves has been performed by nuclear magnetic resonance. This technique has allowed the qualitative and quantitative analysis of primary (sugar, amino and organic acids...) and secondary metabolites (phenolic compounds...) present in vanilla plant according to various physiological conditions: developing pods, viral infection, inter-accession or seasonal variation
Pignatel, Laura. "L'émergence d'un neurodroit : contribution à l'étude de la relation entre les neurosciences et le droit." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0512.
Since 2011, law and neuroscience have had a unique relationship. The law of bioethics of July 7, 2011 makes France the first country in the world to enact, through a legislative text, the use of brain imaging techniques for legal expertise examinations. In this context, France assists to the emergence of a « neurodroit ». Translated from the English neologism « neurolaw », the neurolaw is a new medical-legal concept that incorporates neuroscience research results from brain imaging techniques into the legal process. The most well known, and the most controversial, brain imaging technique that neurolaw uses is the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique. The contribution of neuroscience to legal issues is therefore considerable : on the one hand, it uses brain imaging as evidence at trial in search of the truth, and on the other hand it legitimizes, and provides an understanding for how judicial actors and magistrates make their decisions. But beyond its uniqueness, the relationship between neuroscience and the law is still limited. While France is the only country in the world to have legislatively addressed this « neurolaw » and in theory neurolaw is useful, there is currently no use in practice. However, while the neurodroit is only at its beginning stage in France, by continuing to perfect the brain imaging techniques, and by continuing to better understand people’s behaviors, Neurolaw will soon be able to provide the possibility of a better and improved legal system
Be, Mezeme Eugène. "Contribution de la géochronologie U-Th-Pb sur monazite à la compréhension de la fusion crustale dans la chaîne varisque française et implication géodynamique." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011558.
Randon, Carine. "Conodontes du Dévonien supérieur - Carbonifère inférieur (Thaïlande, Europe) - paléontologie et implications géologiques." Lille 1, 2006. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2006/50376_2006_180.pdf.
Soriano, Alice. "Apports des sciences cognitives et de la neuroimagerie fonctionnelle à la communication anti-tabac : cas des avertissements graphiques apposés sur les paquets de cigarettes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0018.
Fighting tobacco represents one of the biggest global health challenges for public policymakers. In France, cognitive (neuro)sciences are not used to develop and test anti-tobacco strategies prior to scaling them. However they could provide valuable insights in the understanding of attentional, emotional and memorization processes at play when a person is exposed to strategies aiming at fighting tobacco consumption. Since 2011, France has been using the set of graphic warnings provided by the European Commission in combination to text warning on cigarette packets. In a series of experimental studies, funded by the Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, we used methodology from cognitive sciences (eye-tracking) and functional neuroimaging (fMRI) to investigate processes involved when smokers and non-smokers are exposed to such tobacco warnings. Tobacco warnings used in France may induce disgust or fear because some of them depict body damages caused by tobacco related diseases. In a first study, we observed the relationship between the nature of basic emotions evoked by those warnings in smokers and non smokers and the attentional and memorization processes. In a second study, we tested whether being exposed to tobacco warnings modulates the specific brain activity observed in fMRI when smokers are exposed to tobacco related images, a mechanism involved in “smoking cue reactivity”
Schnyder, Johann. "Le passage Jurassique/Crétacé : événements instantanés, variations climatiques enregistrées dans les faciès purbeckiens français (Boulonnais, Charentes) et anglais (Dorset) : comparaison avec le domaine téthysien." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-227.pdf.
Talbot, Jean-Yves. "Apport des études ASM et gravimétriques des plutons cévenols à la caractérisation structurale de l'évolution tardi-hercynienne du Massif Central." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005395.
Coppalle, Renaud. "Mise en lumière des capacités préservées d'apprentissage des personnes malades d'Alzheimer à un stade modéré à sévère à l'aide de l'art : un autre regard pour un autre accompagnement New long-term encoding in severely amnesic Alzheimer’s disease patients revealed through repeated exposureto artistic items Does multiple format presentation of songs increase encoding in patients with Alzheimer’s disease at a moderate to late stage? Preserved familiarity-based recognition for music and paintings in patients with Alzheimer’s disease at a moderate to late stage with extensive damages to the medial temporal lobe L’accompagnement des aidants depersonnes atteintes de maladies d’Alzheimerou apparentées : renouveler les approchesthéoriques de l’accompagnement en France Suivi de la situation et des ressentis des proches aidants de personnes avec maladie d’Alzheimer et troubles apparentés: Le cas particulier du confinement lié au Covid 19 Apports respectifs de la clinique et de la rechercheà la neuropsychologie Preservation of musical memory throughout the progression of Alzheimer’s disease? Toward a reconciliation of theoretical, clinical, and neuroimaging evidence Do musicians have better mnemonicand executive performance than actors? Influence of regular musical or theater practice in adults and in the elderly." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC018.
For the past 30 years, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been considered as a crippling memory disorder impairing any possibility of new learnings in declarative memory. However, in the history of neuropsychology, cases of residual encoding have been reported with amnestic patients presenting different etiologies despite showing lesions very similar to AD. Although using neutral verbal and pictural items in laboratory settings failed to report preserved learning capacities from the mild stages, we investigated how using music and other artistic items in ecological settings may reveal these capacities in AD patients at a moderate to late stage, notably by passive repeated exposition. By relying on a behavioral scale designed to study the evolution of the sense of familiarity in these patients, we were able to show and describe new learnings in this population, and inferring their nature in view of both classical and contemporary memory models. Finally, we offer suggestions to discuss how acknowledging these capacities could change the way AD is perceived, and how it could help caring for people affected by it and their familial and professional caregivers