Journal articles: 'Magnetism history'

1

Baker, Bernadette. "Animal Magnetism and Curriculum History." Curriculum Inquiry 37, no. 2 (June 2007): 123–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-873x.2007.00376.x.

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Udías, S.J., Agustín. "Athanasius Kircher and Terrestrial Magnetism: The Magnetic Map." Journal of Jesuit Studies 7, no. 2 (January 29, 2020): 166–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00702002.

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Athanasius Kircher paid special attention to magnetism, more specifically terrestrial one, in his work Magnes sive de arte magnetica. Other Jesuits of his time, such as Garzoni and Cabeo, also wrote on this subject. Kircher studied in particular magnetic declination and its possible use to determine geographical longitudes. At his time, this was an important subject for long sea journeys. First, he collected a large number of observations of magnetic declination from different sources in three tables and two lists with a total of 518 values, among them forty-three made by Jesuits. Kircher proposed that a magnetic map could be made based on these observations, but he did not do it. From Kircher’s observations a map of magnetic declination has been drawn and it is presented here. Kircher discussed the causes of declination and presented a model for the origin of the magnetic field of the Earth, which differed from that proposed by Gilbert. Kircher finally considered magnetism as a cosmic force with its origin in God.

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ENEBAKK, VIDAR. "Hansteen's magnetometer and the origin of the magnetic crusade." British Journal for the History of Science 47, no. 4 (November 7, 2013): 587–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087413000903.

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AbstractIn the early nineteenth century, Norwegian mathematician and astronomer Christopher Hansteen (1784–1873) contributed significantly to international collaboration in the study of terrestrial magnetism. In particular, Hansteen was influential in the origin and orientation of the magnetic lobby in Britain, a campaign which resulted in a global network of fixed geomagnetic observatories. In retrospect, however, his contribution was diminished, because his four-pole theory inUntersuchungen der Magnetismus der Erde(1819) was ultimately refuted by Carl Friedrich Gauss inAllgemeine Theorie des Erdmagnetismus(1839). Yet Hansteen's main contribution was practical rather than theoretical. His major impact was related to the circulation of his instruments and techniques. From the mid-1820s, ‘Hansteen's magnetometer’ was distributed all over the British Isles and throughout the international scientific community devoted to studying terrestrial magnetism. Thus in the decades before the magnetic crusade, Hansteen had established an international system of observation, standardization and representation based on measurements with his small and portable magnetometers.

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Moss, D. L. "Cosmic magnetism." Endeavour 11, no. 3 (January 1987): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(87)90212-2.

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Čermáková, Lucie. "Athanasius Kircher and Vegetal Magnetism: Analogy as a Method." Early Science and Medicine 23, no. 5-6 (December 6, 2018): 487–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733823-02356p05.

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AbstractDuring the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, plants were the object of a primarily descriptive approach: naturalists were concerned mainly with collecting and classifying. When confronted with the splendour of great herbals and florilegia, one can easily overlook the works which deal with plants from a more theoretical or philosophical perspective. This paper examines a chapter on vegetal magnetism in Athanasius Kircher’s treatise Magnes sive de arte magnetica. My analysis shows how Kircher uses the analogy with magnets to describe the various features of plants. He uses analogy as an epistemological tool. In Kircher’s view, analogy is not merely an illustration, it also helps him to show how plants with all their more-or-less peculiar morphological and physiological properties can be included in the whole order of creation.

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Rosser, W. G. V. "Electricity and magnetism." Endeavour 16, no. 2 (June 1992): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(92)90013-f.

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Verschuur, Gerrit L., and Peter Day. "Hidden Attraction: The Mystery and History of Magnetism." Physics Today 47, no. 4 (April 1994): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2808474.

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Verschuur, Gerrit L., and Joseph F. Mulligan. "Hidden Attraction: The Mystery and History of Magnetism." American Journal of Physics 61, no. 11 (November 1993): 1053–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.17342.

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Opletal, Petr, Petr Proschek, Barbora Vondráčková, David Aurélio, Vladimír Sechovský, and Jan Prokleška. "Effect of thermal history on magnetism in UCoGa." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 490 (November 2019): 165464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2019.165464.

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Weiss, Benjamin P., Xue-Ning Bai, and Roger R. Fu. "History of the solar nebula from meteorite paleomagnetism." Science Advances 7, no. 1 (January 2021): eaba5967. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba5967.

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We review recent advances in our understanding of magnetism in the solar nebula and protoplanetary disks (PPDs). We discuss the implications of theory, meteorite measurements, and astronomical observations for planetary formation and nebular evolution. Paleomagnetic measurements indicate the presence of fields of 0.54 ± 0.21 G at ~1 to 3 astronomical units (AU) from the Sun and ≳0.06 G at 3 to 7 AU until >1.22 and >2.51 million years (Ma) after solar system formation, respectively. These intensities are consistent with those predicted to enable typical astronomically observed protostellar accretion rates of ~10−8M⊙year−1, suggesting that magnetism played a central role in mass transport in PPDs. Paleomagnetic studies also indicate fields <0.006 G and <0.003 G in the inner and outer solar system by 3.94 and 4.89 Ma, respectively, consistent with the nebular gas having dispersed by this time. This is similar to the observed lifetimes of extrasolar protoplanetary disks.

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Johnson, G. W. "Magnetism and magnetic materials." Endeavour 12, no. 4 (January 1988): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(88)90178-0.

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Rhee, Kun-Woo, and Hae-Woong Kwon. "Survey on Records about Magnetism in Written Korean History." Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society 22, no. 4 (August 31, 2012): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4283/jkms.2012.22.4.142.

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Durden, Mark. "Exile, the weight of history, art and transcendence: Jannis Kounellis and Takis." Journal of Greek Media & Culture 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jgmc_00009_5.

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Review of: Exile, the weight of history, art and transcendence: Jannis Kounellis and TakisJannis Kounellis: Fondazione Prada, Venezia, 11 May‐24 November 2019Takis: Sculptor of Magnetism, Light and Sound, Tate Modern, 3 July‐27 October 2019

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Metioui, Abdeljalil. "Brief Historical Review about Magnetism: From the Ancient Greeks up the Beginning of the XXth Century." Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 3, no. 9 (October 2022): 1101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37871/jbres1561.

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Magnetism is omnipresent in multiple natural and constructed phenomena we interact with daily. However, few students knew about the different explanations advanced relative to this mysterious magnetic force imperceptible by our senses before the advent of the discovery of the atomic and molecular aspects of matter. Unfortunately, the concepts associated with the study of magnetism presented in many textbooks do not consider the conceptual difficulties encountered by scientists and the false theories developed and abandoned following new experiments and theories. Towards the end of the 18th century, with the developments of classical physics, among others in mechanics, electrostatic, electricity, and measuring instruments, scientists pierced the secret of the magnet stone and the compass used in navigation for several centuries BC. On the other hand, the progress made in studying matter at the atomic scale at the beginning of the 20th century made it possible to explore the phenomenon of magnetism in greater depth and give it a quantum interpretation. It is impossible to present all the conceptual complexity concerning the development of magnetism in a few pages. Thus, we will limit to synthesizing the most discoveries related to magnetism from the ancient time, five centuries before Jesus Christ, to the beginning of the 20th century. Thus, we will mainly focus on the erroneous theories developed throughout history by renowned scientists and the conceptual difficulties related to the study of magnetism.

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Date, Muneyuki. "Recent Progress in High Field Magnetism." Australian Journal of Physics 48, no. 2 (1995): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph950187.

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Recent progress in high field magnetism performed mainly in the Research Centre for Extreme Materials, Osaka University, is reported, with a short survey of the Centre's history. The main activities are in the fields of magnetism and superconductivity where a common keyword is highly correlated electron physics. A rich variety of effects such as metamagnetism, field-induced electronic transitions etc. is summarised. High field studies are also effective in the fields of atomic and molecular sciences; for example, field-induced transparency in liquid oxygen, and diamagnetic orientation of organic and biological materials. New frontiers in high field technologies are discussed, including a highly sensitive magnetometer using the dynamical Faraday effect.

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Vacca, Valentina, Matteo Murgia, Federica Govoni, Torsten Enßlin, Niels Oppermann, Luigina Feretti, Gabriele Giovannini, and Francesca Loi. "Magnetic Fields in Galaxy Clusters and in the Large-Scale Structure of the Universe." Galaxies 6, no. 4 (December 17, 2018): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/galaxies6040142.

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The formation and history of cosmic magnetism is still widely unknown. Significant progress can be made through the study of magnetic fields properties in the large-scale structure of the Universe: galaxy clusters, filaments, and voids of the cosmic web. A powerful tool to study magnetization of these environments is represented by radio observations of diffuse synchrotron sources and background or embedded radio galaxies. To draw a detailed picture of cosmic magnetism, high-quality data of these sources need to be used in conjunction with sophisticated tools of analysis.

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Peters, C., M. J. Church, and C. Mitchell. "Investigation of fire ash residues using mineral magnetism." Archaeological Prospection 8, no. 4 (2001): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arp.171.

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18

Fryer, J. R. "Magnetism and optics of molecular crystals." Endeavour 16, no. 4 (December 1992): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(92)90053-r.

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19

Glick, David. "Hidden Attraction: The Mystery & History of Magnetism Gerrit L. Verschuur." American Biology Teacher 59, no. 7 (September 1997): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4450354.

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20

Cantor, Geoffrey. "Hidden Attraction: The History and Mystery of Magnetism. Gerrit L. Verschuur." Isis 85, no. 1 (March 1994): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/356732.

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21

HUANG, C. Y. "SOME ASPECTS OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS: A REVIEW." International Journal of Modern Physics B 02, no. 03n04 (August 1988): 355–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797928800024x.

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A brief history of the discovery of high-temperature superconductors is presented. Some salient properties (magnetism, Mössbauer effect, etc.) are reviewed. Some results obtained on recently discovered superconductors and super-high-temperature superconductors are also discussed.

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Kellman, Jordan. "Book Review: Earth's Magnetism in the Age of Sail." International Journal of Maritime History 17, no. 1 (June 2005): 366–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140501700159.

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23

Fara, Patricia. "An Atttractive Therapy: Animal Magnetism in Eighteenth-Century England." History of Science 33, no. 2 (June 1995): 127–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/007327539503300201.

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Paternò, Lucio. "The Solar Internal Rotation and its Implications." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 130 (1991): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100079604.

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AbstractThe present internal rotation of the Sun as deduced from helioseismological data has many implications which concern the location of the solar cycle dynamo mechanism, core magnetism and history of the angular momentum. These aspects and their mutual connections are briefly discussed.

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Chapman, Alison. "Size Matters: Phreno-Magnetism and Gothic Anthropology." Gothic Studies 2, no. 3 (December 2000): 328–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/gs.2.3.5.

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Falola, Toyin. "Bọlanle Awẹ: The Matriarch of Feminist History." Yoruba Studies Review 3, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.v3i2.129994.

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At the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the University of Ibadan, famous historian, Professor Bọlanle Awẹ was conferred with a well-deserved honorary doctorate degree. For both Professor Awẹ and even Nigeria’s premier university, this great honor is a fitting tribute to mark the anniversary of the institution of learning that has been central to the intellectual history of Nigeria. The University of Ibadan has done well to select Professor Awẹ for this honor. Her earnestness and intelligence are beyond doubts. There is no gainsaying disputing her warmth, her magnetism. I have known her since the 1970s—she remains consistent in the exhibition of positive values, in the promotion of Yoruba culture, and the advancement of the scholarly enterprise.

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ASHKENAZI, J., C. G. KUPER, M. REVZEN, and A. RON. "Competition between Magnetism and Superconductivitya." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 452, no. 1 (October 1985): 197–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb30010.x.

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Bataille, A. M., K. Dumesnil, A. Gukasov, and C. Dufour. "Effect of the temperature history on the magnetism of (110) europium films." Journal of Applied Physics 105, no. 7 (April 2009): 07A928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3072770.

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Sano, Yasuharu, and Hiroshi Nagano. "Early history of sudden commencement investigation and some newly discovered historical facts." History of Geo- and Space Sciences 12, no. 2 (September 15, 2021): 131–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hgss-12-131-2021.

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Abstract. The history of the research on the SC (sudden commencement) of magnetic storms before World War II is studied in this paper. Since geomagnetic research activities before World War II are still not yet fully known, this paper aims to reveal some historical facts related to SC investigation at that time. The first conclusion of this paper is the possible first discoverer of the simultaneity of SC at distant locations. We show that a Portuguese scientist had already pointed it out 16 years earlier than believed. The second conclusion is the role and activities of Aikitu Tanakadate as the reporter of the SC investigation committee of STME (Section of Terrestrial Magnetism and Electricity) and IATME (International Association of Terrestrial Magnetism and Electricity) in the IGGU (International Geodetic and Geophysical Union) or IUGG (International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics). Very little was known about his activities as the reporter of this committee. Our investigation at the Tanakadate Aikitu Memorial Science Museum disclosed how he acted and what he thought of SC, based on his frequent letters to and from other scientists. The third conclusion concerns SC research carried out by Japanese scientists during the period of the Second International Polar Year (1932–1933). Not only Tanakadate but also many other Japanese scientists participated in SC research during this international project. This formed a traditional basis of SC investigation in Japan, prompting a number of Japanese scientists to study SC after World War II.

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Herbst, Jan F. "A Focus on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials." MRS Bulletin 13, no. 6 (June 1988): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s088376940006543x.

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Research in magnetism has a long, redoubtable history, and one fundamental reason for its continuing productivity is the fact that advances are very often coupled intimately with progress in materials science. New materials, preparation methods, and characterization technique s continu e to provide opportunities for exploring magnetic phenomena in a progressively broader array of systems with a growing arsenal of analytical tools. Challenges to theory are often presented by discoveries on the experimental side, engendering constructive interaction which enhances our basic understanding of the materials and the physics controlling their properties. Technology invariably benefits from that ongoing process. The following series of five articles in this issue of the MRS BULLETIN aims at conveying the excitement and vitality of current work in magnetism and magnetic materials. Each author or set of author s has endeavored to provide a succinct overview of a specific area, and in combination the papers offer an informative (although certainly not exhaustive!) survey of this very active field.

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Roberts, G. W. "Magnetism and chronometers: the research of the Reverend George Fisher." British Journal for the History of Science 42, no. 1 (July 29, 2008): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087408001209.

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AbstractAlthough largely remembered as an astronomer, the Reverend George Fisher (1794–1873) played a significant part in studying the performance and possible improvement of marine chronometers in the mid-nineteenth century. Appointed astronomer to the Royal Navy's Arctic expedition of 1818, while on the voyage Fisher carried out research into the effects of magnetism on the accurate running of chronometers on board ship. By this time, chronometers were standard equipment on many ships and their reliability was a matter of importance to all mariners. Fisher's published findings from this research led to considerable contemporary debate, and also influenced the work of others in the field. Moreover, as papers held at the National Maritime Museum show, he carried on his chronometer research in later life, making further contributions to the subject that have remained somewhat neglected.

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Udías, Agustín. "Jesuits and the Natural Sciences in Modern Times, 1814–2014." Brill Research Perspectives in Jesuit Studies 1, no. 3 (May 17, 2019): 1–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25897454-12340003.

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Abstract After their restoration of 1814, the Jesuits made significant contributions to the natural sciences, especially in the fields of astronomy, meteorology, seismology, terrestrial magnetism, mathematics, and biology. This narrative provides a history of the Jesuit institutions in which these discoveries were made, many of which were established in countries that previously had no scientific institutions whatsoever, thus generating a scientific and educational legacy that endures to this day. The essay also focuses on the teaching and research that took place at Jesuit universities and secondary schools, as well as the order’s creation of a worldwide network of seventy-four astronomical and geophysical observatories where particularly important contributions were made to the fields of terrestrial magnetism, microseisms, tropical hurricanes, and botany.

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McConnell, Anita. "Surveying terrestrial magnetism in time and space." Archives of Natural History 32, no. 2 (October 2005): 346–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2005.32.2.346.

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Charts marked with the lines of magnetic variation have been published since Halley's Atlantic chart of 1701. It was already known that the location of the magnetic poles shifted over time, and that the north and south poles were not diametrically opposite. As more seafarers penetrated the Southern Ocean, isogons on the charts were extended southwards with greater confidence. At sea variation was measured by comparing compass direction with the Sun's midday shadow. In polar regions, where horizontal force is too weak to attract a compass needle, the location of the pole was sought by observing the inclination of a dip needle swinging in the magnetic meridian, which would hang vertically at the pole. The Fox dip circle, developed in 1834, was the first instrument capable of measuring dip and intensity at sea, and allowed James Clark Ross to predict the location of the South Magnetic Pole. In 1902 Discovery's crew landed an observatory ashore, but a trek on to the plateau failed to reach the magnetic pole. Success came in 1909 during Shackleton's Nimrod expedition, when T. Edgeworth David's party reached the zone of maximum dip. Over the following years data from photographic magnetometers recording declination, vertical and horizontal intensity were routinely made at the various national bases round Antarctica; they contributed to our knowledge of the Earth's internal magnetism and on the solar influences.

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Winckelmann, Anna. "Magnetism of Cultures: On a Book by Robert Darnton." Philosophy. Journal of the Higher School of Economics V, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 323–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2587-8719-2021-4-323-336.

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Review of: Darnton, R. 2021. Mesmerizm i konets epokhi Prosveshcheniya vo Frantsii [Mesmerism and the End of the Enlightenment in France] [in Russian]. Trans. from the English by N. Mikhaylin and V. Mikhaylin. Moskva [Moscow]: Novoye literaturnoye obozreniye.

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Paternò, L. "Internal dynamics and magnetism of the Sun." Highlights of Astronomy 10 (1995): 327–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600011382.

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The present internal dynamics and magnetism of the Sun have been determined by the initial conditions in the pre-main sequence age, by the angular momentum loss and its redistribution in the interior, and the interaction of motion with magnetic field.The history of the Sun rotation is traced back by observing the present rotation of stars with the same mass as the Sun at earlier evolutionary stages. The present angular momentum of the Sun, as deduced from its internal rotational behavior derived from helioseismological data, appears to be a small percentage of the original one contained in similar mass stars (T Tauri and α Persei). It is not easy to reconcile the sharp decrease in the surface angular velocity, which follows the α Persei phase, with the subsequent soft decrease, taking place after Pleiades phase, unless some very effective mechanism transfers angular momentum from inner to outer regions, where is lost in the solar wind. Such a mechanism is probably magnetic in origin, since purely hydrodynamic instabilities fail to transfer angular momentum at a rate sufficient to determine the presently observed flat radial gradient of the internal angular velocity.

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Josefowicz, Diane Greco. "Experience, Pedagogy, and the Study of Terrestrial Magnetism." Perspectives on Science 13, no. 4 (December 2005): 452–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/106361405775466108.

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Faivre, Antoine. "“Éloquence magique”, ou descriptions des mondes de l'au-delà explorés par le magnétisme animal: Au carrefour de la Naturphilosophie romantique et de la théosophie chrétienne (première moitié du XIXème siècle) “Magic Eloquence”, or Descriptions of the Worlds of the Beyond Explored by Animal Magnetism: At the Crossroad of Romantic Naturphilosophie and Christian Theosophy (first half of the 19th century)." Aries 8, no. 2 (2008): 191–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156798908x327339.

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AbstractThe article opens with a distinction between three kinds of “clairvoyance” phenomena. 1) A faculty of seeing/hearing things which are normally outside the reach of the clairvoyant's five senses (like being able to read sentences from a book although it is closed), but which do not extend beyond the domain of our common reality. 2) A “higher” faculty, which consists in seeing/hearing entities like spirits of the dead, angels, demons, etc., and occasionally in having a personal contact with them. 3) A “highest” faculty, of a noetic (“gnostic”) character, which extends beyond the first two and consists in being able to have acess to some sorts of “ultimate realities”: the visions thus imparted to the subject bear on ontological mysteries that concern, for example, the divine world, the cosmos, the hidden sides of Nature, etc. The author bestows the name “magic eloquence” on the narratives of visions pertaining to that third kind of clairvoyance, which are documented in the literature of Christian theosophy (see Jacob Boehme's and Swedenborg' vivions, for instance) and of animal magnetism. After presenting a few examples of magic eloquence chosen in the literature of animal magnetism in the first half of the 19the century, the article discusses the interpretations thereof put forward in the same period by a number of representatives of some German romantic Naturphilosophen who were both interested in animal magnetism and influenced by Christian theosophy. Their interpretations were based, on the one hand, upon the theosophical version of the myth of Fall and Reintegration; on the other hand, upon the “traditional” tripartition spirit/soul/body. On that basis, they constructed a series of heuristic tools successively, around notions like “ethereal light-substance”, “ganglionic system”, and Nervengeist. In the latter, they eventually came to see the cornerstone of the “physicopsycho-spiritual” structure (made of five constitutive elements) of the human being as they imagined it. Moreover, if considered as such, the Nervengeist appears to be the key for understanding the physico-spiritual procedures that undergird the production of magic eloquence. Finally, after presenting a few relevant examples in the literature of fiction inspired by animal magnetism, and some considerations devoted to the continuation of magical eloquence in later spiritual movements, the article draws a parallel between two anthropological “constructs” of the “soul” – namely, by the Naturphilosophie discussed above; and by psychoanalysis.

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Smith, Julian A. "Precursors to Peregrinus: The early history of magnetism and the mariner's compass in Europe." Journal of Medieval History 18, no. 1 (January 1992): 21–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4181(92)90016-r.

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LEE, SungBin. "Frontiers of Quantum Magnetic Materials." Physics and High Technology 31, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 2–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/phit.31.027.

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The history of magnetism goes back to earlier than 600 b.c., but only in 20th century, people have started to understand it’s origin. Although the word ‘magnet’ may sound very familiar to you, it’s quantum nature and deep physics leads us to discover amazing phenomena. This article introduces recent frontiers of magnetic materials particularly focusing on ‘magnetic frustration and quantum spin liquids’ and discuss our current understanding.

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Jackson, Roland. "John Tyndall and the Royal Medal that was never struck." Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 68, no. 2 (December 11, 2013): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2013.0063.

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Just once in its long history has a Royal Medal been awarded but not presented. John Tyndall FRS (1820–93) was the chosen recipient in 1853 for his early work on diamagnetism but declined to accept it. The story of why Tyndall felt compelled to turn down this considerable honour sheds light on the scientific politics and personal relationships of the time, on the importance given to the study of magnetism, and on Tyndall's own character and career.

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Medina, F. "Contribution of the "Institut Scientifique Chérifien" to the development of geoscientific research in Northwest Africa since its creation in 1914." History of Geo- and Space Sciences 4, no. 2 (August 16, 2013): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hgss-4-73-2013.

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Abstract. The contribution of the "Institut Scientifique Chérifien", the oldest scientific research centre in Morocco, is reviewed since its creation almost a century ago. Planned in 1914 by the French protectorate of Morocco, this institute has played, since its effective creation in 1920, an important role in the development of several geosciences in North Africa, such as meteorology and climatology, geophysics (gravimetry, magnetism and especially seismology), geomorphology, geology and oceanography. After the independence of Morocco in 1955, several activities, such as meteorology, were transferred elsewhere, but others, such as seismology and magnetism, remained important elements of the centre until recent years. In addition to the research activities, its observatories and libraries that were built during the early years are unique in Northwest Africa.

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Sander, Christoph. "Rendering Magnetism Visible: Diagrams and Experiments Between 1300 and 1700." Centaurus 64, no. 2 (August 2022): 315–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.cnt.5.131247.

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Pumfrey, Stephen. "Mechanizing magnetism in restoration England—the decline of magnetic philosophy." Annals of Science 44, no. 1 (January 1987): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00033798700200101.

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Rommevaux, Sabine. "Magnetism and Bradwardine's Rule of Motion in Fourteenth- and Fifteenth-Century Treatises." Early Science and Medicine 15, no. 6 (2010): 618–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338210x526638.

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AbstractIn his Tractatus de proportionibus, Thomas Bradwardine describes some devices consisting of a magnet and pieces of iron, in order to put his rule of motion to the test. These devices, or similar ones, are also found in the Questiones super libros Physicorum of Nicole Oresme, and in three works by Blasius of Parma, namely the Questiones de ponderibus, the Questiones super libros Physicorum and the Questiones circa Tractatum proportionum. In this paper, I describe these devices, while examining the theory of magnetism that is in use and I analyse how the arguments on magnets demarcate the field of application of the rule of motion.

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Weston, D. G. "Soil and susceptibility: aspects of thermally induced magnetism within the dynamic pedological system." Archaeological Prospection 9, no. 4 (2002): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arp.196.

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Fassbinder, Jörg W. E. "Seeing beneath the farmland, steppe and desert soil: magnetic prospecting and soil magnetism." Journal of Archaeological Science 56 (April 2015): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2015.02.023.

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Quinn, Sheila O'Brien. "How Southern New England became magnetic north: The acceptance of animal magnetism." History of Psychology 10, no. 3 (2007): 231–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1093-4510.10.3.231.

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PARÉS, J. M., A. PÉREZ-GONZÁLEZ, J. L. ARSUAGA, J. M. BERMÚDEZ DE CASTRO, E. CARBONELL, and A. I. ORTEGA. "CHARACTERIZING THE SEDIMENTARY HISTORY OF CAVE DEPOSITS, USING ARCHAEOMAGNETISM AND ROCK MAGNETISM, ATAPUERCA (NORTHERN SPAIN)." Archaeometry 52, no. 5 (August 16, 2010): 882–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2010.00533.x.

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Good, Gregory. "Follow the Needle: Seeking the Magnetic Poles." Earth Sciences History 10, no. 2 (January 1, 1991): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.10.2.jk4q1816t4536104.

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This article examines ideas about the Earth's magnetic poles up to the early 20th century. I first examine the quickening interest in Earth magnetism during the 16th and 17th centuries and lay out some parameters of discourse regarding the magnetic poles during the Scientific Revolution. Primary figures discussed include Robert Norman, William Gilbert, and Edmond Halley. I then discuss the efforts to understand the magnetic poles that came with the revival of interest in Earth magnetism in the 19th century. The central authors in this period were Christopher Hansteen, Carl Friedrich Gauss, and Edward Sabine. I omit most 20th-century events, as they are too extensive and require separate treatment. The discussion ends with Roald Amundsen and Douglas Mawson's empirical studies of the magnetic poles and the setting of the stage for 20th-century investigations.

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Crabtree, Adam, and Eberhard Bauer. "On why history is never finished: Puységur, animal magnetism, and the importance of collective scholarship." Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 58, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 232–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhbs.22171.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Magnetism history'

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