Journal articles on the topic 'Magnetic prospecting – Data processing'
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1
Li, Feng, and Guo Wenjian. "Analysis on data processing of three-component magnetic survey in well." International Journal of Geology 1, no. 1 (July 21, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26789/ijg.2016.004.
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the three-component magnetic survey in well, as an important means in the geological prospecting, plays an important complementary role in geological magnetic survey data. During the data process of three-component magnetic survey, the drilling technology, instruments of three-component magnetic survey in well as well as performance and precision of the gyroscope inclinometer should be considered synthetically, and the appropriate data processing method should be selected according to the different trajectory feature of borehole, in order to improve the accuracy of data interpretation.
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Dransfield, Mark. "Searchlights for gravity and magnetics." GEOPHYSICS 80, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): G27—G34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2014-0256.1.
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The development of mental schemata is important in developing an understanding of physical phenomena and processes. Gravitational and magnetic fields are often visualized by geophysicists as equipotential surfaces (for gravity) and field lines (for magnetics). In these cases, the schemata treat the geology as the source of the field. In seismic and electromagnetic prospecting, one instead visualizes a field that is emitted by the instrument. Example schemata are traveling wavefronts (seismic) and smoke rings (electromagnetic induction in the dissipative limit). I carried this instrument-focused conceptualization over to potential field prospecting by a schema, which envisages the instrument as a probe, illuminating the earth in a manner analogous to a searchlight. Different potential-field instruments (potentiometers, gravimeters, magnetometers, and gradiometers) each have different beam characteristics and consequently illuminate the earth in different ways. This schema provides a new way of visualizing potential fields in prospecting with applications in instrument development, data acquisition and processing, and interpretation.
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Liu, Qiang, and Run Min Peng. "Application of High-Precision Magnetic Survey to the Investigation of Mineral Resources in Halaganlawusu Area, Inner Mongolia." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 2001–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.2001.
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In this paper 1:10 000 high-precision magnetic survey work has been done using GSM-19T proton magnetometer in Halaganlawusu area. There were data processing including gridding, filtering, reduction to the pole, continuation, derivation, and so on. By precise interpretation and inference with magnetic anomaly, the distribution characteristics of basic rock mass was found out. According to the magnetic survey data and geological research, fitting-inversion of measured magnetic section P1, P2 were done. It preliminarily concluded the distribution characteristics of underground ore rock mass and achieved the effect of the geophysical prospecting.
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Li, Jian Hua, Pin Rong Lin, Fu Sheng Shi, and Cai Jun Zheng. "Study on Magnetic Induced Polarization Technology and Instruments." Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (July 2013): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.100.
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In order to solve the difficult-ground areas of electromagnetic prospecting, we study magnetic induced polarization technology and instruments. Adopting the techniques such as GPS synchronization, CPLD(Complex Programmable Logic Device), digital PWM(Pulse-Width Modulation) constant current, VHDL(Very high speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language) programming, a magnetic induced polarization instruments have been developed, which include transmitter, receiver, and three components magnetic field compensator. Instruments have functions such as high-power constant-current supplying, frequency-selective anti-interference receiving, GPS high-precision synchronizing, and amplitude-frequency response of magnetic sensor is flat. Using gradient configuration to obser the original data include magnetic field strength, magnetic polarization rate, phase, and get the magnetometric resistivity, the percent frequency efficiency by the further processing. For magnetic induced polarization instruments, we develop performance testing and the field experiments.
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Liang, Shengjun, Siyuan Sun, and Hongfei Lu. "Application of Airborne Electromagnetics and Magnetics for Mineral Exploration in the Baishiquan–Hongliujing Area, Northwest China." Remote Sensing 13, no. 5 (February 27, 2021): 903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13050903.
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Airborne electromagnetics is an effective and efficient exploration tool in shallow mineral exploration for its high efficiency and low cost. In 2016, airborne electromagnetic and airborne magnetic surveys have been carried out at the border of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Gansu Province, the Northwest China. With an integrated system, the airborne electromagnetics and airborne magnetic data were collected simultaneously by AreoTEM-IV system from Aeroquest International Limited in Vancouver, BC, Canada, and the CS3 Cesium Vapor magnetometer from Scintrex in Concord, ON, Canada. About 3149 line-km of both data with 250 m line space were acquired. After data processing, the comprehensive analysis and interpretation of resistivity and magnetic anomalies has been carried out to infer lithological structure and outline the potential ore deposits. Verified by the ground surveys, seven outlined anomalies are consistent with the known ore sites, and one new gold deposit and several mineralization clues were found. The prospective reserves of gold are expected to exceed 10 tons. Besides, some prospecting target areas were outlined as the possible locations of copper–nickel deposits. The successful case shows the airborne magnetic data accords with geological structures, and the airborne electromagnetic method is effective in finding metal mineral resources, which can help to quickly identify potential ore targets with no surface outcrop.
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Zligostev, I. N., M. I. Epov, and A. V. Savluk. "On the measurement of the magnetic induction vector with the use of a three-component magnetometer placed on a mobile carrier." Russian Journal of Geophysical Technologies, no. 4 (March 11, 2022): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18303/2619-1563-2021-4-47.
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The article describes the use of a vector ferromagnetic magnetometer placed on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). It is shown that solving inverse problems of magnetic prospecting for a vector aeromagnetic survey makes it possible to identify areas with different magnetization. We present a simple, based on standard libraries, software product for processing primary data of three-component fluxgate magnetometers, which allows correctly selecting the magnetic induction vector components when performing magnetic UAV surveys. To build maps, a method for graphical display of a vector field is proposed. On the example of a man-made object, we demonstrate that vector fields measured at different heights provide significantly more information than conventional electromagnetic induction measurements.
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Bescoby, David J., Gavin C. Cawley, and P. Neil Chroston. "Enhanced interpretation of magnetic survey data from archaeological sites using artificial neural networks." GEOPHYSICS 71, no. 5 (September 2006): H45—H53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2231110.
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The use of magnetic surveys for archaeological prospecting is a well-established and versatile technique, and a wide range of data processing routines are often applied to further enhance acquired data or derive source parameters. Of particular interest in this respect is the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict source parameters such as the burial depths of detected features of interest. Within this study, ANNs based upon a multilayer perceptron architecture are used to perform the nonlinear mapping between buried wall features detected within the magnetic data and their corresponding burial depth for surveys in the ancient city of Butrint in southern Albania, achieving a greater level of information from the survey data. Suitable network training examples and test data were generated using forward models based upon ground-truth observations. The training procedure adopts a supervised learning routine that is optimized using a conjugate gradient method, while the learning algorithm also prunes network elements to prevent overregularization by reducing model complexity. Data processing was further enhanced by introducing rotational invariance using Zernike moments and by utilizing the combined output of a number, or committee, of networks. When applied to a section of survey data from Butrint, the ANN routine successfully predicted the burial depth of a number of detected wall features, with an rms error on the order of [Formula: see text], and provided a coherent map of the buried building foundations. The neural network approach offered advantages in terms of efficiency and flexibility over more conventional data-inversion techniques within the context of the study, giving fast solutions for large, complex data sets while having high noise tolerance.
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Liu, Yan-Xu, Wen-Yong Li, Zhi-Yuan Liu, Jia-Wei Zhao, An-Qi Cao, Shan Gao, Li-Jie Wang, and Cheng Yang. "Occurrence Characteristics of Magnetite and Aeromagnetic Prospecting Northeast of Hebei Province." Minerals 12, no. 9 (September 14, 2022): 1158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12091158.
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The occurrence characteristics of magnetite and the methods to quickly and effectively explore are important topics for ore prospecting in the new era. Taking northeast of Hebei Province of China as an example, this article aimed at an important strategic mineral of magnetite, then discussed its distribution characteristics and aeromagnetic exploration methods of it. First of all, we discuss the occurrence characteristics of sedimentary metamorphic and magmatic magnetite. Then, using the latest high-precision aeromagnetic data, combined with the geological outcrops, known iron deposits, ground magnetic surveys, and verification, we studied the relationship between the aeromagnetic anomalies and iron deposits through potential field conversion processing of the reduction to the pole, vertical derivative, upward continuation and residual anomaly, and the forward modeling and inversion methods of 2.5 D optimization fitting. Next, we summarize the metallogenic conditions and attributes of aeromagnetic prospecting and make magnetite predictions. In addition, it has suitable magnetite prospecting potential in the Laochenjia, Dabai, Jiuwuying, Beierying, Sidaogoumen, and Wuyingzi aeromagnetic anomaly regions. In conclusion, these regions have aeromagnetic anomalies with high amplitudes, large scales, and favorable metallogenic backgrounds for magmatic rocks, strata, and structures caused by concealed magnetite. In addition, they have great prospecting potential. Eventually, we hope this research method in this article can provide a reference for magnetite exploration in other areas with similar geological conditions.
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Grassi, Sabrina, Gabriele Morreale, Rosa Lanteri, Angelo Gilotti, Federico Latino, Saro Di Raimondo, and Sebastiano Imposa. "Integration of Geophysical Survey Data for the Identification of New Archaeological Remains in the Subsoil of the Akrai Greek Site (Sicily, Italy)." Heritage 6, no. 2 (January 24, 2023): 979–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage6020055.
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For more than a decade now, geophysical prospecting has been considered an integral part of archaeological research; the ability to quickly investigate large areas and locate objects buried in the ground without directly interacting with it is a key feature that makes such surveys essential for identifying and locating, with good accuracy, buried archaeological remains. In this study, two extensive magnetic and electromagnetic surveys were carried out in two different areas of the Akrai archaeological site, where given the distribution of archaeological remains already found at the site, it was likely that additional buried remains were present. The surveys were performed using a proton precession magnetometer and a multifrequency electromagnetic device with a frequency range of 2.5–250 kHz. By processing the data, the vertical magnetic gradient and electrical conductivity maps were obtained. Furthermore, 3D models of electrical conductivity distribution were reconstructed. On comparing the results, it was notable that many anomalies characterized by low vertical gradient values were identified within areas characterized by low electrical conductivity values. These anomalies detected by both surveys can be associated with good probability with buried archaeological remains made up of limestones. In fact, they exhibit shapes and sizes comparable to those of the wall remains already found at the site.
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Dorney, Timothy D., William W. Symes, and Daniel M. Mittleman. "Multistatic Reflection Imaging with Terahertz Pulses." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 13, no. 02 (June 2003): 677–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156403001855.
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Recent advances in the technique of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy have led to the development of the first fiber-coupled room-temperature broadband terahertz sources and detectors. The fiber coupling permits the repositioning of the emitter and receiver antennas without loss of temporal calibration or alignment, thus enabling multistatic imaging. We describe a new imaging method which exploits this new capability. This technique emulates the data collection and image processing procedures developed for geophysical prospecting. We use a migration procedure to solve the inverse problem; this permits us to reconstruct the location, shape, and refractive index of targets. We show examples for both metallic and dielectric model targets, and we perform velocity analysis on dielectric targets to estimate the refractive indices of imaged components. These results broaden the capabilities of terahertz imaging systems, and also demonstrate the viability of the THz system as a test bed for the exploration of new seismic processing methods.
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Pickartz, Natalie, Wolfgang Rabbel, Knut Rassmann, Robert Hofmann, René Ohlrau, Martin Thorwart, Dennis Wilken, Tina Wunderlich, Mykhailo Videiko, and Johannes Müller. "Inverse Filtering of Magnetic Prospection Data—A Gateway to the Social Structure of Cucuteni–Tripolye Settlements?" Remote Sensing 14, no. 3 (January 20, 2022): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14030484.
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Magnetic mapping is a common method for investigating archaeological sites. Typically, the magnetic field data are treated with basic signal improving processing followed by image interpretation to derive the location and outline of archaeological objects. However, the magnetic maps can yield more information; we present a two-step automatized interpretation scheme that enables us to infer the social structure from the magnetic map. First, we derive the magnetization distribution via inverse filtering by assuming a constant depth range for the building remains. Second, we quantify the building remains in terms of their total magnetic moment. In our field example, we consider this quantity as a proxy of household prosperity and its distribution as a social indicator. The inverse filtering approach is tested on synthetic data and cross-checked with a least-squares inversion. An extensive modeling study highlights the influence of depth and thickness of the layer for the filter construction. We deduce the rule of thumb that by choosing a rather too deep and too thick a layer, errors are smaller than for layers too low and too thin. The interpretation scheme is applied to the magnetic gradiometry map of the Chalcolithic Cucuteni–Tripolye site Maidanetske (Ukraine) that comprises the anomalies of about 2300 burned clay buildings. The buildings are arranged along concentric ellipses around an inner vacant space and a vacant ring. Buildings along this ring corridor have increased total magnetic moments. The total magnetic moment indicates the remaining building material and therefore the architecture. Lastly, architecture can reflect economic or social status. Consequently, the increased magnetic moment of buildings along the ring corridor indicates a higher economic or social status. The example of Maidanetske provides convincing evidence that the inversion of magnetic data and the quantification of buildings in terms of their magnetic moments enables the investigation of the social structure within sites.
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Madeira, Thiago José Augusto, Maria Silvia Carvalho Barbosa, and Antonino Juarez Borges. "INTERPRETATION OF MAGNETIC DATA BASED ON EULER DECONVOLUTION: ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN HOST GOLD STRUCTURE IN THE NORTHEASTERN PORTION OF THE QUADRILÁTERO FERRÍFERO, MG, BRAZIL." Revista Brasileira de Geofísica 33, no. 3 (September 15, 2015): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.22564/rbgf.v33i3.938.
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ABSTRACT. The study of the geometry and kinematics of deep geological structures, bearing mineralization, has advanced greatly by the aggressive progress of geophysical techniques over the last decades. The gold mineralization located in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero has its genesis controlled by shear zones. The geophysical analysis (aeromagnetic and aero-electromagnetic) by means of two-dimensional magnetic data inversion profiles (Euler deconvolution) and later interpolation, provided the 3D configuration of a tectonic-structural geological model, explaining the spatial configuration of lithostratigraphic and structural units, and kinematics features of the main shear zone mineralized in gold in the northeastern portion of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero. The processing of airborne geophysical magnetic data of the Rio das Velhas Project provided the generation of inversion profiles with outputs up to 5000 m deep, opening new windows for gold prospection at the surroundings of the main gold mineralized structure in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero. The integration of geological, geophysical data and field observations was essential for the final results of this work.Keywords: South America, mineral prospecting, Euler deconvolution.RESUMO. O estudo da geometria e cinemática de estruturas geológicas de alta profundidade, portadoras de mineralizações, tem sido cada vez mais viabilizado pelo avanço agressivo das técnicas geofísicas nas últimas décadas. As mineralizações de ouro localizadas no Quadrilátero Ferrífero têm a sua gênese controlada por zonas de cisalhamento. A análise geofísica (magnetometria e eletromagnetometria de dados aerolevantados) através de perfis de inversão bidimensionais (deconvolução de Euler) e posterior interpolação, possibilitou a configuração 3D de um modelo geológico tectono-estrutural, que permitisse uma análise e sugestão descritiva da configuração espacial de unidades litoestratigráficas, estruturais e cinemática da principal zona de cisalhamento mineralizada em ouro do nordeste do Quadrilátero Ferrífero. O processamento de dados magnetométricos aerogeofísicos do Projeto Rio das Velhas possibilitou a geração de perfis de inversão com respostas de até 5000 m de profundidade, abrindo novas janelas para a prospecção de ouro nas adjacências da principal estrutura mineralizada em ouro do Quadrilátero Ferrífero. A integração de dados geológicos, aerogeofísicos e de observações de campo foi fundamental para os resultados finais deste trabalho.Palavras-chave: América do Sul, prospecção mineral, deconvolução de Euler.
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Andrew, John A., Duncan M. Edwards, Robert J. Graf, and Richard J. Wold. "Empirical observations relating near‐surface magnetic anomalies to high‐frequency seismic data and Landsat data in eastern Sheridan County, Montana." GEOPHYSICS 56, no. 10 (October 1991): 1553–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442966.
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Our empirical synergistic correlations of aeromagnetic and seismic data and a Landsat lineament interpretation revealed lineations on the magnetic map that have expression on seismic sections. We observed a conjugate set of northwest‐southeast and northeast‐southwest trending magnetic lineaments (zones which offset and truncate near‐surface magnetic anomalies). We believe these OZs (offset zones) represent lateral faults in a wrench‐fault system. Lateral offsets appear to be 100s of meters to a few kilometers (fractions of a mile to a few miles). We observed a direct correlation between OZs and vertical faults in seismic data. Faults on seismic sections extend from near the surface to near the seismic basement. The faults are most pronounced in the Upper Cretaceous reflectors and seem to disappear with depth. Fault throws are inconsistent (reversing throw across faults). OZs trend northeast‐southwest in the north half of the study area and both northeast‐southwest and northwest‐southeast in the south half. The OZ direction of northeast‐southwest in the north half of the survey is confirmed with seismic data. The northwest‐southeast seismic line contains numerous faults and the northeast‐southwest seismic line contains few faults. Most northeast‐southwest faults do not appear to reach seismic basement and are not seen in an interpretation of the magnetic basement. In two cases, northwest‐southeast OZs and correlative Landsat lineaments coincide with mapped magnetic basement faults. These magnetic basement faults can be seen in seismic data too. Faults trending northwest‐southeast may represent Precambrian faults reactivated during the Laramide Orogeny. Movement along these faults possibly generated the northeast‐southwest faults. Most oil fields have an associated near‐surface magnetic anomaly. Other near‐surface magnetic anomalies occur over obvious, untested (in 1985), seismic character or amplitude anomalies in seismic events which correlate with producing intervals in the oil fields. This synergistic correlation is the most important single observation from our study. Different data types and interpretation techniques identified the same geologic trends and prospective geographical areas. This fundamentally important information is often lost in bickering over which filter or processing technique to use or in arguments over which data type is “more important” than others. Further, if the synergistic correlation of data types were not done, the importance of the anomalous features in each individual data type may not have been recognized.
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Kowalik, W. S., and W. E. Glenn. "Image processing of aeromagnetic data and integration with Landsat images for improved structural interpretation." GEOPHYSICS 52, no. 7 (July 1987): 875–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442358.
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Digital image processing of aeromagnetic data from three mineral prospects significantly improved the existing structural interpretations that were made from contour maps of the aeromagnetic data. Useful image‐processing techniques include (1) presentation as small‐scale, gray‐level images, (2) local contrast enhancement, (3) artificial illumination, and (4) directional filtering. Digital processing also enables direct comparison between Landsat data and aeromagnetic data. Interpretations were improved by the study of the integrated data sets. Images of aeromagnetic data from one prospect in a Precambrian granite‐greenstone terrane show major folds and faults that were not previously recognized from contour maps of the aeromagnetic data. A Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) image shows the subtle surface expression of two folds. The newly identified structures point to additional prospective ground in the search for volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the area. Aeromagnetic data from a second prospect are complicated by a young, north‐south striking, strongly magnetic, diabase dike swarm. Directional filtering and artificial illumination of the aeromagnetic data effectively remove the response of the dikes and enhance the earlier structural and lithologic features. The combined interpretation of illuminated aeromagnetic and registered Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images for a third prospect added several significant faults that were previously unrecognized from separate interpretations of contour maps of aeromagnetic data and the Landsat image.
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Ananyev, V. V., G. S. Grigoryev, and G. D. Gorelik. "Physical modeling of the Bazhenov formation in combination with CSEM and seismic methods." E3S Web of Conferences 266 (2021): 07003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126607003.
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To predict the properties of the Bazhenov formation and to identify the areas in which oil deposits are localized the use of electrical prospecting methods is promising. The main goal of the current research is to evaluate the effectiveness of using Controlled Source Electro Magnetics (CSEM) exploration for the area forecast of the properties of the Bazhenov formation. The main objectives of physical modeling in this research are: Creation of an isotropic physical model corresponding to the electrical and elastic parameters of the section of the studied area, and performing 3D modeling on it with survey parameters that reproduce real seismic and CSEM surveys To convince that the contrast of the elastic properties and the ratio of the resistivity of the target interval of the Bazhenov formation and overlying rocks in the created physical model corresponds to the real petrophysical characteristics of the section of the studied area; Obtaining initial data for testing algorithms for synchronous inversion of seismic + electric and testing various approaches to processing and interpretation of CSEM and 3D seismic data.
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Soulaimani, Ayoub, Saïd Chakiri, Saâd Soulaimani, Ahmed Manar, Zohra Bejjaji, Abdelhalim Miftah, Mohammed Amine Zerdeb, Yaacoub Zidane, Mustapha Boualoul, and Anselme Muzirafuti. "Semi-Automatic Image Processing System of Aeromagnetic Data for Structural and Mining Investigations (Case of Bou Azzer Inlier, Central Anti-Atlas, Morocco)." Applied Sciences 12, no. 21 (November 7, 2022): 11270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122111270.
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Numerical analysis of geophysical data to uncover Precambrian belts and probably to enclose mineral deposits is becoming once more communal in mining activity. The method is founded on typifying zones branded to comprehend deposits and looking for analogous areas. The proposed work outlines a semi-automatic image processing system for the structural and mining investigation of the Bou Azzer inlier, which varies from preceding approaches as it is centered only on aeromagnetic data. The aeromagnetic signature of what seem to be geologically expressive features are pursued within the aeromagnetic items. Cobalt and associated mineralizations in the Bou Azzer inlier are recognized to arise nearby main crustal discontinuities revealing as significant shear zones, which turn act as drains for mineralizing fluids. Mineralization occurs in sectors of structural complexity beside the shear zones. Developing towards the semi-automatic uncovering of such regions, the furthermost prospective extents are those everywhere inferred structural complexity occurs next to the regions of magnetic discontinuity. The proposed method is mainly based on the approach developed by the center for exploration targeting. The study was led by means of aeromagnetic data from the Bou Azzer inlier, which is considered one of the most productive and prospective regions for minerals and base metal mineralization in Morocco. The combined results obtained from geological and geophysical data prove that prospective areas have a dominant trend of NNE-SSW, NW-SE, NNW-SSE, E-W, and NE-SW directions. The CET Grid and Porphyry Analyses show that the probable porphyry mineral deposit locations mainly concentrated in the center of inlier, the Foum Zguid dyke, and northern and eastern part, which correspond to the Bou Azzer ophiolitic complex and platform deposits of the Lower Neoproterozoic Tachdamt-Bleïda.
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Wang, Nan, and Qiming Qin. "Natural Source Electromagnetic Component Exploration of Coalbed Methane Reservoirs." Minerals 12, no. 6 (May 28, 2022): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12060680.
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As an environmentally friendly and high-calorific natural gas, coalbed methane (CBM) has become one of the world’s most crucial unconventional energy sources. Undoubtedly, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on reservoir exploration methods to ensure high and stable CBM production in the development stage. However, current methods have disadvantages such as high cost, complex devices, and poor terrain adaptability, and therefore they are unsuitable for reasonable monitoring of CBM reservoirs. In contrast, electromagnetic prospecting methods are increasingly widely employed in the rapid delineation of conductive distributions, contributing a lot to in-situ reservoir interpretation. Furthermore, a natural source Super-Low Frequency electromagnetic component method (i.e., the SLF method for short) has been proposed and applied with high potential in a CBM enrichment area, Qinshui Basin, China. In this paper, this method is thoroughly discussed. The magnetic component responses of the SLF method can be used as the characteristic responses of subsurface layers, and the forward modeling algorithms using the finite element method have been successfully developed and verified. On this basis, the direct depth transformation and one-dimensional nonlinear regularization inversion algorithms of the magnetic component responses are proposed for geo-object interpretation. With the help of the empirical mode decomposition (EMD), an SLF data processing workflow is demonstrated theoretically and practically, which is integrated into a portable instrument. The instrument’s ability to identify the low-resistivity reservoirs and their surrounding rocks has been proved by field survey. The extraction of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) anomalies also helps to refine the reservoir interpretation with higher accuracy. A joint comparative inversion test between the SLF method and the audio-magnetotelluric method (AMT) is also addressed, demonstrating that the SLF method is reliably applicable in the field survey of CBM reservoirs. A preliminary statistical analysis shows that the depth resolution of CBM reservoirs can reach the order of tens of meters. Therefore, the SLF method is expected to become one of the most potential options for in-situ CBM exploration with a cost-effective interpretation capability.
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Liu, Luming, and Haibin Qu. "Recent advancement of chemical imaging in pharmaceutical quality control: From final product testing to industrial utilization." Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 13, no. 01 (October 24, 2019): 1930014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793545819300143.
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Chemical imaging (CI) possesses a strong ability of pharmaceutical analysis. Its great strength relies on the integration of traditional spectroscopy (one dimension) and imaging technique (two dimensions) to generate three-dimensional data hypercubes. Data pre-processing or processing methods are proposed to analyze vast data matrixes and thereby realizing different research objectives. In this review paper, various pharmaceutical applications of quality control over the past few years are summed up in two groups of final product test and industrial utilization. The scope of “quality control” here includes traditional analytical use, process understanding and manufactural control. Finally, two major challenges about undesirable sample geometry and lengthy acquisition time are discussed for prospective commercial or industrial application.
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Redlich, R., C. Bürger, K. Dohm, D. Grotegerd, N. Opel, D. Zaremba, S. Meinert, et al. "Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on amygdala function in major depression – a longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging study." Psychological Medicine 47, no. 12 (April 11, 2017): 2166–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291717000605.
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BackgroundElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most effective treatments for severe depression. However, little is known regarding brain functional processes mediating ECT effects.MethodIn a non-randomized prospective study, functional magnetic resonance imaging data during the automatic processing of subliminally presented emotional faces were obtained twice, about 6 weeks apart, in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) before and after treatment with ECT (ECT, n = 24). Additionally, a control sample of MDD patients treated solely with pharmacotherapy (MED, n = 23) and a healthy control sample (HC, n = 22) were obtained.ResultsBefore therapy, both patient groups equally showed elevated amygdala reactivity to sad faces compared with HC. After treatment, a decrease in amygdala activity to negative stimuli was discerned in both patient samples indicating a normalization of amygdala function, suggesting mechanisms potentially unspecific for ECT. Moreover, a decrease in amygdala activity to sad faces was associated with symptomatic improvements in the ECT sample (rspearman = −0.48, p = 0.044), and by tendency also for the MED sample (rspearman = −0.38, p = 0.098). However, we did not find any significant association between pre-treatment amygdala function to emotional stimuli and individual symptom improvement, neither for the ECT sample, nor for the MED sample.ConclusionsIn sum, the present study provides first results regarding functional changes in emotion processing due to ECT treatment using a longitudinal design, thus validating and extending our knowledge gained from previous treatment studies. A limitation was that ECT patients received concurrent medication treatment.
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Cunha, Alan De Souza, Fábio Andre Perosi, Luiz Fernando Braga, Leandro Barros Adriano, Marlon Cabrera Hidalgo-Gato, Victor Pereira do Couto, and Daniel Santos da Silva. "AIRBORNE GRAVITY GRADIOMETRY SURVEY IN THE SOUTHEASTERN PORTION OF PIMENTA BUENO GRABEN IN PARECIS BASIN: INTEGRATED 2D FORWARD MODELING AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN DEFINING A NEW STRUCTURAL FRAMEWORK." Revista Brasileira de Geofísica 33, no. 1 (November 19, 2015): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22564/rbgf.v33i1.605.
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ABSTRACT. Airborne geophysical surveys are widely used in geological prospecting of hydrocarbon reservoirs. The efficiency and acquisition speed of these methods in covering large areas accredit them as a key tool for any exploration project where there are sparse technical data available to support the exploratory decisions. Among the airborne geophysical methods, potential methods, namely, gravity and magnetics are the most spread in oil & gas projects of this nature. Such methods are used to support the generation of regional geological knowledge and also in detailed approaches, integrated with seismic, geochemical and well data. The objectives of this work were to describe the FalconTM Airborne Gravity Gradiometry System, explaining acquisition and processing steps, and crosscheck the results of its application in the southeastern portion of the Parecis Basin with two proposed models for the structural genesis and evolution proposed by the academy. Throughout the integration of the airborne gravity gradiometry and magnetic data along 2D seismic section it was possible to infer the geometry of the Pimenta Bueno Graben. While many works have mapped basement depth about 7,000 m, the current modeling shows basement deeper than 10,000 m.Keywords: airborne gravity gradiometry, 2D forward modeling, Parecis Basin, FalconTM, tectonic framework.RESUMO. Levantamentos aerogeofísicos são amplamente utilizados na prospecção geológica de reservatórios de hidrocarbonetos. A eficiência e a velocidade de aquisição desses métodos na cobertura de grandes áreas os credenciam como uma ferramenta fundamental para qualquer projeto de exploração onde há poucos dados técnicos disponíveis para apoiar as decisões exploratórias. Dentre os métodos geofísicos aéreos, os potenciais gravimétricos e magnetométricos são os mais utilizados em projetos da natureza de prospecção de óleo e gás. Tais métodos são utilizados para apoiar a geração de conhecimento geológico regional e também em abordagens de detalhe, integrados com seções sísmicas, dados geoquímicos e de poço. Este trabalho pretende apresentar o Sistema FalconTM de Gravimetria Gradiométrica, descrevendo suas etapas de aquisição e processamento, e interpretação dos resultados de sua aplicação na porção sudeste da Bacia do Parecis, em confronto com dois modelos propostos para a gênese e evolução estrutural da Bacia. Através da integração dos dados de gravimetria gradiométrica com dados magnéticos extraídos ao longo da secção sísmica 2D foi possível inferir a geometria detalhada do graben de Pimenta Bueno. Enquanto trabalhos anteriores mapearam a profundidade do embasamento em cerca de 7.000 metros, uma modelagem 2D direta e vinculada mostra que o mesmo pode alcançar, de forma localizada, profundidades maiores que 10.000 metros.Palavras-chave: gravimetria gradiométrica aérea, modelagem direta 2D, Bacia dos Parecis, FalconTM, arcabouc¸o tectônico.
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McDonald, Brenna C., Susan K. Conroy, Tim A. Ahles, John D. West, and Andrew J. Saykin. "Alterations in Brain Activation During Working Memory Processing Associated With Breast Cancer and Treatment: A Prospective Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 20 (July 10, 2012): 2500–2508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.38.5674.
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Purpose To prospectively examine alterations in working memory (WM) –associated brain activation related to breast cancer and treatment by using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Patients and Methods Patients treated with chemotherapy (CTx+; n = 16) or without chemotherapy (CTx−; n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 15) were scanned during an n-back task at baseline (after surgery but before radiation, chemotherapy, and/or antiestrogen treatment), 1 month after completion of chemotherapy (M1), and 1 year later (Y1), or at yoked intervals for CTx− and controls. SPM5 was used for all image analyses, which included cross-sectional between-group and group-by-time interaction and longitudinal within-group analyses, all using a statistical threshold of 0.001. Results At baseline, patients with cancer showed increased bifrontal and decreased left parietal activation compared with controls. At M1, both cancer groups showed decreased frontal hyperactivation compared with controls, with increased hyperactivation at Y1. These cross-sectional findings were confirmed by group-by-time interaction analyses, which showed frontal activation decreases from baseline to M1 in patients compared with controls. Within-group analyses showed different patterns of longitudinal activation change by treatment group (CTx+ or CTx−), with prominent alterations in the frontal lobes bilaterally. Conclusion Significant frontal lobe hyperactivation to support WM was found in patients with breast cancer. Superimposed on this background, patients showed decreased frontal activation at M1, with partial return to the previously abnormal baseline at Y1. These functional changes correspond to frontal lobe regions where we previously reported structural changes in this cohort and provide prospective, longitudinal data that further elucidate mechanisms underlying cognitive effects related to breast cancer and its treatment.
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Collorone, Sara, Ferran Prados, Marloes HJ Hagens, Carmen Tur, Baris Kanber, Carole H. Sudre, Carsten Lukas, et al. "Single-subject structural cortical networks in clinically isolated syndrome." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 26, no. 11 (July 24, 2019): 1392–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458519865739.
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Background: Structural cortical networks (SCNs) represent patterns of coordinated morphological modifications in cortical areas, and they present the advantage of being extracted from previously acquired clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. SCNs have shown pathophysiological changes in many brain disorders, including multiple sclerosis. Objective: To investigate alterations of SCNs at the individual level in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), thereby assessing their clinical relevance. Methods: We analyzed baseline data collected in a prospective multicenter (MAGNIMS) study. CIS patients ( n = 60) and healthy controls ( n = 38) underwent high-resolution 3T MRI. Measures of disability and cognitive processing were obtained for patients. Single-subject SCNs were extracted from brain 3D-T1 weighted sequences; global and local network parameters were computed. Results: Compared to healthy controls, CIS patients showed altered small-world topology, an efficient network organization combining dense local clustering with relatively few long-distance connections. These disruptions were worse for patients with higher lesion load and worse cognitive processing speed. Alterations of centrality measures and clustering of connections were observed in specific cortical areas in CIS patients when compared with healthy controls. Conclusion: Our study indicates that SCNs can be used to demonstrate clinically relevant alterations of connectivity in CIS.
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Bergeret, Sébastien, Mathieu Queneau, Mathieu Rodallec, Brigitte Landeau, Gaël Chetelat, Young T. Hong, Julien Dumurgier, et al. "Brain Glucose Metabolism in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy." Stroke 52, no. 4 (April 2021): 1478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.120.032905.
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Background and Purpose: The in vivo diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is currently based on the Boston criteria, which largely rely on hemorrhagic features on brain magnetic resonance imaging. Adding to these criteria 18 F-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography, a widely available imaging modality, might improve their accuracy. Here we tested the hypothesis that FDG uptake is reduced in posterior cortical areas, particularly the primary occipital cortex, which pathologically bear the brunt of vascular Aβ deposition. Methods: From a large memory clinic database, we retrospectively included all patients in whom both brain magnetic resonance imaging and FDG positron emission tomography had been obtained as part of routine clinical care and who fulfilled the Boston criteria for probable CAA. None had a history of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. FDG data processing involved (1) spatial normalization to the Montreal Neurology Institute/International Consortium for Brain Mapping 152 space and (2) generation of standardized FDG uptake (relative standardized uptake value; relative to the pons). The relative standardized uptake value data obtained in 13 regions of interest sampling key cortical areas and the cerebellum were compared between the CAA and age-matched control groups using 2 separate healthy subject databases and image-processing pipelines. The presence of significant hypometabolism (2-tailed P <0.05) was assessed for the bilaterally averaged regions-of-interest relative standardized uptake values. Results: Fourteen patients fulfilling the Boston criteria for probable CAA (≥2 exclusively lobar microbleeds) were identified. Significant hypometabolism ( P range, 0.047 to <0.0001) consistently affected the posterior cortical areas, including the superior and inferior parietal, primary visual, lateral occipital, lateral temporal, precuneus, and posterior cingulate regions of interest. The anterior cortical areas were marginally or not significantly hypometabolic, and the cerebellum was spared. Conclusions: Supporting our hypothesis, significant glucose hypometabolism predominantly affected posterior cortical regions, including the visual cortex. These findings from a small sample may have diagnostic implications but require replication in larger prospective studies. In addition, whether they generalize to CAA-related symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage warrants specific studies.
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Tsivouraki, B., and G. N. Tsokas. "Wavelet transform in denoising magnetic archaeological prospecting data." Archaeological Prospection 14, no. 2 (2007): 130–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arp.289.
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Khesin, B. E., and L. V. Eppelbaum. "Near‐surface thermal prospecting: Review of processing and Interpretation." GEOPHYSICS 59, no. 5 (May 1994): 744–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443632.
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Temperature measurements at shallow depths (up to 3 m) contain useful information about features of the geological structures in the areas under investigation; however, the noise caused by seasonal temperature variations and terrain relief effects may significantly distort the observed temperature field. Therefore, procedures are developed for the calculation and removal of these noise sources: (a) seasonal variations are first eliminated by a procedure using repeated observations; (b) terrain relief corrections are calculated by a correlation technique, which facilitates the identification of anomalies associated with concealed geological features. Essential similarities between thermal and magnetic prospecting make it possible to apply to thermal prospecting modifications of the rapid methods of characteristic points and tangents developed for magnetic prospecting. These methods are applicable to conditions of inclined relief, arbitrary magnetization polarization), and an unknown level of the normal field. The methods can be used to locate disturbing bodies by their associated temperature anomalies. Interpretation is made possible by approximating bodies by a dipping thin sheet or a horizontal circular cylinder. The interpretation results obtained both on models and polymetallic (Greater Caucasus) and oil and gas (Middle Kura Depression) deposits testify to the accuracy and reliability of these methods. These methods were also used successfully for interpretation of temperature anomaly over underground cavity in Cracov (Poland).
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INOUE, Makoto, Masaaki OHTEKI, Akira IWAMATSU, and Shuichiro YOKOTA. "Automatic Observation System of Electrical Prospecting and Its Data Processing." Geoinformatics 2, no. 1 (1991): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.6010/geoinformatics1990.2.1_65.
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Boué, Pierre, Philippe Roux, Michel Campillo, and Benoit de Cacqueray. "Double beamforming processing in a seismic prospecting context." GEOPHYSICS 78, no. 3 (May 1, 2013): V101—V108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0364.1.
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The use of larger numbers of sensors is becoming more common at the large, continental scale for deep-structure imaging in seismology, and at a smaller scale with exploration geophysics objectives. Seismic arrays require array processing from which new types of observables contribute to a better understanding of the wave propagation complexity. From among these array processing techniques, this study focuses on a way to select and identify different phases between two source-receiver arrays based on the double beamforming (DBF) method. At the exploration geophysics scale, the goal is to identify and separate low-amplitude body waves from high-amplitude dispersive surface waves. A synthetic data set from a finite-difference time-domain simulation is first used to validate the array processing method. From directional information obtained with DBF, and due to the double-plane wave projection, it is demonstrated that surface and body waves can be extracted with a higher efficacy compared to classical beamforming even at short offset. A seismic prospecting data set in a laterally heterogeneous medium is then investigated. This data set is a high-resolution survey which provides a perfect control on source and receiver arrays geometry. The separation between the direct surface and body waves is observed after DBF and ray bending is discussed from the additional azimuthal information.
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Jia, Zhuo, and Jian Min Zhang. "The Application of High-Density Resistivity Method to the Evaluation on the Stability of Gongchangling Open Pit's Slope." Applied Mechanics and Materials 686 (October 2014): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.686.327.
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High-density resistivity method is a new, efficient electrical prospecting method, which can complete a two-dimensional (vertical and horizontal) prospecting process, possesses certain imaging functions for the geo-electric structure, and integrates electric profiling method with electric sounding method together. In this paper, the basic principle, data processing, and result explanation and inference of high-density resistivity method are introduced by taking the application of high-density resistivity method to the prospecting project in the slope of Gongchangling Open Pit, Liaoyang. The result of the prospecting result map analysis showed that the prospecting result was basically in line with the actual situation and proved the great significance of high-density resistivity method to the evaluation on the slope stability of Gongchangling open pit.
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Bobrovsky, V. V., and P. V. Ilyichev. "Peculiarity of the use of pseudonoise signals in electrical prospecting equipment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 929, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/929/1/012020.
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Abstract The article provides a practical assessment of the effectiveness of the use of electrical prospecting equipment with pseudonoise sounding signals based on the results of field experiments with a new electrical prospecting measuring complex developed at the Scientific Station of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Two main sources of interference are considered, limiting the possibilities of effective use of pseudonoise signals in electrical prospecting equipment: “structural disturbances”, manifested in the process of correlation processing of recorded signals and interference, the source of which is an industrial power network with a frequency of 50 Hz. Methods of reducing the influence of the above noises on the sounding curve obtained during data processing are considered using specially developed algorithms for eliminating “structural disturbances” and suppressing residual noise and interference.
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Duong, Tin Quoc Chanh, Dau Hieu Duong, Van Thanh Nguyen, and Thuan Van Nguyen. "The continuous wavelet transform in processing data of high frequency electromagnetic prospecting." Science and Technology Development Journal 19, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v19i2.806.
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Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), a high frequency electromagnetic prospecting method (10 to 3000 MHz) has been rapidly developed in recent decades. With many advantages such as non-destructive, fast data collection, high precision and resolution, this method is a useful means to detect underground targets. It is currently used in the research of studying the shallow structure for examples: forecast landslide, subsidence, mapping urban underground works, traffic, construction, archaeology and other various fields of engineering, GPR data processing is becoming increasingly urgent. Wavelet transform is one of the new signal analysis tools, plays a vital role in numerous domains like image processing, graphics, data compression, gravitational, electromagnetic and geomagnetic data processing, GPR and some others. In this study, we used the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and multiscale edge detection (MED) with the wavelet functions which were appropriately selected to determine underground targets. The accuracy of this technique was tested on some theoretical models before being applied on experimental data. The obtained results showed that this was a feasible method that could be used to detect the size and position of the anomaly objects.
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Xie, Fei, Jian Hua Wang, and Yun Cheng Wang. "Obstacle Detection of Autonomous Land Vehicles for Geological Prospecting." Advanced Materials Research 774-776 (September 2013): 1573–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.774-776.1573.
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The paper mainly introduces the method of obstacle detection of autonomous land vehicle for geological prospecting. According to the categories and characteristic of obstacles, choosing the applicable sensor is the fundamental of accurately detecting obstacles. Data processing, including information collection, information processing and collecting characteristic parameter obstacle, is the difficulty for accurately detecting obstacles.
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Miao, Jin Xiang, Cai Xia Li, Jin Qu, Xin Chen, Hong Wang, and Qin Chang Song. "3D Geological Modeling (Deposit Scale) for Granite Rock-Mass in Yuku Area, Luanchuan, China." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.92.
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In order to find out the spatial shape of a granite rock-mass, three kinds of data can be used:1) The exploration data (drilling data, geological profile data, geological boundaries and so on); 2) The ridge extension line data applied to speculate the concealed granite rock-mass based on low magnetic-anomaly zone (△T≤50nT) from high-precision magnetic-prospecting and Controlled-Source Audio-Frequency Magnetotelluric (CSAMT) results; 3) The other interpolated data of concealed granite rock-mass boundary on CSAMT comprehensive prospecting profile. With these data, a simulating 3D model of the granite rock-mass can be established to provide basic data for prospecting deep concealed porphyry-polymetallic ore deposits.
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Levashov, S., M. Yakymchuk, and I. Korchagin. "EXPERIENCE OF MOBILE GEOPHYSICAL TECHNOLOGIES APPLICATION DURING HYDROCARBON ACCUMULATIONS PROSPECTING AND EXPLORATION IN THE COLLECTORS OF NON-TRADITIONAL TYPE." Ukrainian Geologist, no. 3(43) (October 10, 2013): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.53087/ug.2013.3(43).245590.
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The results of experimental application of frequency-resonance method of the remote sensing (RS) data processing and interpretation and geoelectric methods of forming short-pulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEF) and vertical electricresonance sounding (VERS) for the hydrocarbon (HC) accumulations prospecting in unconventional reservoirs (shale, and coal-bearing crystalline rocks, tight sandstones, etc.) are analyzed. It is shown that the method of remote sensing data processing allow to detect and map operatively the anomalies of «reservoir of gas (oil)» type in collectors of various types. These anomalies may be connected with «sweet spots» areas, within which there is a high likelihood of industrial inflow of hydrocarbon receiving. The anomalies of «reservoir of gas (oil)» type can also be detected and mapped by the areal FSPEF method survey. The bedding depths and thicknesses of the anomalous polarized layers (APL) of «gas (oil)» type are determined by VERS sounding. Practical application of the mobile technologies at different stages of hydrocarbon accumulations prospecting in various types reservoirs will accelerate and optimize the exploration process in general and significantly reduce the number of prospecting, exploration and production wells.
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Benetti-Pinto, Cristina Laguna, Ticiana Aparecida Alves de Mira, Daniela Angerame Yela, Cassia Raquel Teatin-Juliato, and Luiz Gustavo Oliveira Brito. "Pharmacological Treatment for Symptomatic Adenomyosis: A Systematic Review." Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 41, no. 09 (September 2019): 564–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1695737.
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Objective To assess the efficacy of non-surgical treatment for adenomyosis. Data Sources A search was performed by two authors in the Pubmed, Scopus, and Scielo databases and in the grey literature from inception to March 2018, with no language restriction. Selection of Studies We have included prospective randomized studies for treating symptomatic women with adenomyosis (abnormal uterine bleeding and/or pelvic pain) diagnosed by ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. Data Collection Studies were primarily selected by title and abstract. The articles that were eligible for inclusion were evaluated in their entirety, and their data was extracted for further processing and analysis. Data Synthesis From 567 retrieved records only 5 remained for analysis. The intervention groups were: levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS)(n = 2), dienogest (n = 2), and letrozole (n = 1). Levonorgestrel intrauterine system was effective to control bleeding when compared to hysterectomy or combined oral contraceptives (COCs). One study assessed chronic pelvic pain and reported that LNG-IUS was superior to COC to reduce symptoms. Regarding dienogest, it was efficient to reduce pelvic pain when compared to placebo or goserelin, but less effective to control bleeding than gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog. Letrozole was as efficient as GnRH analog to relieve dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia, but not for chronic pelvic pain. Reduction of uterine volume was seen with aromatase inhibitors, GnRH analog, and LGN-IUD. Conclusion Levonorgestrel intrauterine system and dienogest have significantly improved the control of bleeding and pelvic pain, respectively, in women with adenomyosis. However, there is insufficient data from the retrieved studies to endorse each medication for this disease. Further randomized control tests (RCTs) are needed to address pharmacological treatment of adenomyosis.
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Chen, Ling, Yan Zhou, and Wei Zhang. "Extraction of Prospecting Information for Sedimentary-Metamorphic Type Iron Deposit Based on Ziyuan-3 Satellite Data — Taking Xinjiang Taxkorgan Area as an Example." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 1365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.1365.
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In this study, the significance and content of prospecting information of sedimentary-metamorphic type iron deposit are expounded. Ziyuan-3 high spatial resolution satellite data are used to extract the prospecting information of sedimentary-metamorphic type iron deposit in taxkorgan area in Xinjiang. By using the pertinent methods of image processing, the information of ore-bearing bed, ore-control structures have been extracted, and based on the ferric altered mineral spectrum characteristics, the ratio method also has been used to extract iron mineral anomalies in study area. Based on the ore-control structure, ore-bearing rocks and ferric anomalies information, 2 remote sensing prospecting targets have been circled. Our research have laid foundation for the evaluation of mineral resources in this region, and also broadened the thinking for domestic high resolution image scale application in geology and mineral resources.
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Lu, Ning, Guixiang Liao, Yongzai Xi, Hongshan Zheng, Fang Ben, Zhiqiang Ding, and Liming Du. "Application of Airborne Magnetic Survey in Deep Iron Ore Prospecting—A Case Study of Jinling Area in Shandong Province, China." Minerals 11, no. 10 (September 26, 2021): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11101041.
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With the increasing demand for mineral resources, there is an inevitable trend to carry out deep prospecting in existing old mines to find a second or even third mining space. Deep prospecting is also an affordable and practical way to prolong the lives of mines and provide a sustainable supply of mineral resources. The magnetic survey is arguably the most effective method for iron ore prospecting. In this paper, a high resolution airborne magnetic (HRAM) survey for deep iron prospecting in the Jinling iron ore cluster (JIOC) was carried out in 2018, which renewed the field magnetic data of the JIOC obtained in the 1980s. From previous studies, almost all iron deposits in the JIOC are spatially distributed in the contact zone between the intrusive rocks and the surrounding rocks. The key prospecting areas were inferred by delineating intrusive rock boundaries via boundary enhancement and edge detection methods, and one of the areas was verified by drilling.
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Moskalenko, A. N., A. O. Chechetkin, A. S. Filatov, E. Yu Fedotova, R. N. Konovalov, and S. N. Illarioshkin. "Clinical and neuroimaging study of patients with Parkinson’s disease using transcranial sonography and neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging." Russian neurological journal 27, no. 6 (January 10, 2023): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/2658-7947-2022-27-6-32-40.
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Background. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases and aff ects 1% of the population above 60 years. The leading pathological features of PD include degeneration of neuromelanin (NM) containing dopaminergic neurons and iron deposition in the substantia nigra (SN) of the midbrain. Various neuroimaging methods sensitive to NM and iron can be clinically important for diagnosing and monitoring disease progression. Examples of such neuroimaging methods include transcranial sonography (TCS) and neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI) fi rst and foremost.Aims. To compare the diagnostic signifi cance and eff ectiveness of TCS and NM-MRI in diff erentiating patients with PD from the norm and to elucidate the magnetic resonance- (MR-) morphological representation of the hyperechogenicity (HE) on midbrain during TCS by NM-MRI.Material and methods. 40 patients with PD were included in the main group, and 20 healthy volunteers of gender and age comparable with the main group were included in the control group. In the case of HE detection during TCS, this area was manually traced and automatic calculated. NM-MRI images were pre-processed using image processing program Image-J (USA) with subsequent automatic calculation of SN area. Based on the data obtained, clinical, demographic and neuroimaging correlations were estimated.Results. The sensitivity and specifi city of TCS in diff erentiating PD from the norm were 70 and 100% respectively, the sensitivity and specifi city of NM-MRI were 90.0 and 92.5% respectively. An analysis of the relationship between the HE area and the area of the SN according to NM-MRI data on the ipsilateral side showed a noticeable inverse correlation (for the right side: ρ = –0.606, p < 0.001; for the left side: ρ = –0.550; p < 0.001). Thus, in the case of an increase in the HE area, a decrease in the area of SN measured using NM-MRI is expected.Conclusion. TCS and NM-MRI are reliable biomarkers allowing highly eff ective diff erentiation of PD from normal. The pathophysiological and neuroimaging correlates of PD changes in neurodegenerative process remain not completely clear and require further clarifi cation in multicenter prospective studies.
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Orlando, Luciana, and Francesco Soldovieri. "Two different approaches for georadar data processing: A case study in archaeological prospecting." Journal of Applied Geophysics 64, no. 1-2 (March 2008): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2007.10.002.
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Eppelbaum, Lev V. "Review of Processing and Interpretation of Self-Potential Anomalies: Transfer of Methodologies Developed in Magnetic Prospecting." Geosciences 11, no. 5 (April 29, 2021): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11050194.
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The self-potential (SP) method is one of the most inexpensive and unsophisticated geophysical methods. However, its application is limited due to the absence of a reliable interpreting methodology for the complex geological-environmental conditions. To exclude disturbances appearing in the SP method, a few ways for their removal (elimination) before quantitative analysis are presented. A brief review of the available interpretation methods is included. For the magnetic method of geophysical prospecting, special quantitative procedures applicable under complex physical-geological environments (oblique polarization, uneven terrain relief and unknown level of the normal field), have been developed. The detected common peculiarities between the magnetic and SP fields make it possible to apply the advanced procedures developed in magnetic prospecting to the SP method. Besides the reliable determination of the depth of anomalous targets, these methodologies enable the calculation of the corrections for non-horizontal SP observations and to determine the orientation of the polarization vector. For the classification of SP anomalies, is proposed to use a new parameter: the ‘self-potential moment’. The quantitative procedures (improved modifications of characteristic point, tangent techniques and the areal method) including the determination of the SP vector and SP moment, have been successfully tested on models and employed in real situations in mining, archaeological, environmental and technogenic geophysics. The obtained results indicate the effectiveness of the presented methodologies.
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Bembel, S. R., V. G. Kobzov, R. M. Bembel, and F. Z. Khafizov. "FEATURES OF THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF SEDIMENTARY COVER OF FROLOVSKAYA MEGADEPRESSION DERIVED FROM THE RESULTSOF GENERALIZATION OF GEOLOGICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL DATA." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 5 (October 30, 2018): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2018-5-7-16.
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The article is devoted to the features of the geological structure of Jurassic-Cretaceous deposits of Frolovskaya megadepression. These features are derived from the results of the generalization of the materials of regional seismic profiles, maps of gravity and magnetic prospecting, drilling data. The main petroleum prospects are associated with Jurassic deposits and pre-Jurassic basement. We conclude that it is necessary to intensify further researches with carrying out the entire complex of geophysical methods, including magnetic and gravity prospecting with an increased density of observations.
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Kasyanova, N. A. "Ways to improve the reliability of interpreting the results of geophysical surveys performed for the local forecast and prospecting for solid minerals: a geodynamic approach." Proceedings of higher educational establishments. Geology and Exploration 63, no. 4 (October 12, 2021): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-4-73-79.
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Background. The geodynamic approach is effectively used in regional forecasting and prospecting works. However, its application for local forecasting and prospecting for solid minerals is limited and sometimes impossible. One of the key problems of local forecasting and prospecting for minerals (solid, liquid, gaseous) is the presence of non-standard (flickering) geophysical anomalies, which complicates the interpretation of the results of geophysical surveys performed at different times at different stages of geological exploration. The article is devoted to clarifying the possibility of using geodynamic research in local forecasting and prospecting for solid minerals on the basis of attracting the latest scientific knowledge from the field of studying the spatio-temporal patterns of the development of modern geodynamic processes and their influence on the Earth’s geophysical fields. Aim. To increase the reliability of interpreting the results of geophysical surveys performed for local forecasting and prospecting for solid minerals.Materials and methods. The research was carried out on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of literature data, fund materials and the results of many years of the author’s own research in the fields of modern geodynamics and prospecting and exploration geodynamics. The initial data were based on the monitoring data of various Earth’s geophysical fields (deformation, seismic, and surface magnetic).Results. A geodynamic reason for the appearance of flickering anomalies in the Earth’s geophysical fields (in particular, magnetic) has been established, and a mechanism for their formation under the influence of modern geodynamic processes has been proposed. The possibility of using the geodynamic approach in the prospecting for solid minerals has been expanded, and ways to increasing the efficiency of local searches have been proposed.Conclusions. The research demonstrates the possibility of using geodynamic studies in local prospecting for solid minerals, which helps to increase the reliability of the results of interpretation of geophysical survey data, and, as a result, to reduce the overall financial and time costs involved with searching for mineral deposits.
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Ciminale, M., and M. Loddo. "Aspects of magnetic data processing." Archaeological Prospection 8, no. 4 (2001): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arp.172.
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Levashov, S. P., M. A. Yakymchuk, and I. M. Korchahin. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(11)2011, no. 2(11) (September 20, 2011): 164–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2011.02.164.
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The results of experimental approbation of geoelectric methods of forming short-pulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEF) vertical electric-resonance sounding (VERS) and the technology of satellite data processing and interpretation for the "direct" prospecting the ore minerals and water-bearing reservoirs are analyzed.
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Kharitonov, Andrey L. "Geological and geophysical analysis of morphological structures of the central type in the Eastern European platform territory and its connection with hydrocarbon fields." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Earth Sciences 21, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-7663-2021-21-1-65-72.
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Correlative interrelation of hydrocarbon field arrangement and morphological structures of the central type is revealed. Possible natural mechanisms of morphological structures formation of the central type are considered. By results of geological and geophysical interpretation of magnetic prospecting, gravity prospecting, heat floor data the deep structure of these morphological structures is shown.
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Daniels, J. K., K. Hegadoren, N. J. Coupland, B. H. Rowe, R. W. J. Neufeld, and R. A. Lanius. "Cognitive distortions in an acutely traumatized sample: an investigation of predictive power and neural correlates." Psychological Medicine 41, no. 10 (March 4, 2011): 2149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711000237.
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BackgroundCurrent theories of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) place considerable emphasis on the role cognitive distortions such as self-blame, hopelessness or preoccupation with danger play in the etiology and maintenance of the disorder. Previous studies have shown that cognitive distortions in the early aftermath of traumatic events can predict future PTSD severity but, to date, no studies have investigated the neural correlates of this association.MethodWe conducted a prospective study with 106 acutely traumatized subjects, assessing symptom severity at three time points within the first 3 months post-trauma. A subsample of 20 subjects additionally underwent a functional 4-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan at 2 to 4 months post-trauma.ResultsCognitive distortions proved to be a significant predictor of concurrent symptom severity in addition to diagnostic status, but did not predict future symptom severity or diagnostic status over and above the initial symptom severity. Cognitive distortions were correlated with blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal strength in brain regions previously implicated in visual processing, imagery and autobiographic memory recall. Intrusion characteristics accounted for most of these correlations.ConclusionsThis investigation revealed significant predictive value of cognitive distortions concerning concurrent PTSD severity and also established a significant relationship between cognitive distortions and neural activations during trauma recall in an acutely traumatized sample. These data indicate a direct link between the extent of cognitive distortions and the intrusive nature of trauma memories.
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Benech, Christophe, Alain Tabbagh, and Guy Desvignes. "Joint inversion of EM and magnetic data for near‐surface studies." GEOPHYSICS 67, no. 6 (November 2002): 1729–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1527074.
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Magnetic and electromagnetic measurements are influenced by magnetic susceptibility and, thus, are widely used in geophysical surveys for archeology or pedology. To date, the data inversion is performed separately. A filtering process incorporating both types of data is presented here. After testing the algorithm with synthetic data, the algorithm is used in several case studies in archeological prospecting. This approach presents two advantages: establishing the presence of remanent magnetizations (viscous or thermoremanent), and achieving more refined depth analysis of the anomaly.
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Beiranvand Pour, A., M. Hashim, and M. Pournamdari. "CHROMITITE PROSPECTING USING LANDSAT TM AND ASTER REMOTE SENSING DATA." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-2/W2 (October 19, 2015): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-2-w2-99-2015.
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Studying the ophiolite complexes using multispectral remote sensing satellite data are interesting because of high diversity of minerals and the source of podiform chromitites. This research developed an approach to discriminate lithological units and detecting host rock of chromitite bodies within ophiolitic complexes using the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) satellite data. Three main ophiolite complexes located in south of Iran have been selected for the study. Spectral transform techniques, including minimum noise fraction (MNF) and specialized band ratio were employed to detect different rock units and the identification of high-potential areas of chromite ore deposits within ophiolitic complexes. A specialized band ratio (4/1, 4/5, 4/7) of ASTER, MNF components and Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) on ASTER and Landsat TM data were used to distinguish ophiolitic rock units. Results show that the specialized band ratio was able to identify different rock units and serpentinized dunite as host rock of chromitites within ophiolitic complexes, appropriately. MNF components of ASTER and Landsat TM data were suitable to distinguish ophiolitic rock complexes at a regional scale. The integration of SAM and Feature Level Fusion (FLF) used in this investigation discriminated the ophiolitic rock units and prepared detailed geological map for the study area. Accordingly, high potential areas (serpentinite dunite) were identified in the study area for chromite exploration targets.The approach used in this research offers the image processing techniques as a robust, reliable, fast and cost-effective method for detecting serpentinized dunite as host rock of chromitite bodies within vast ophiolite complexes using ASTER and Landsat TM satellite data.
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Herwanger, Jörg, Hansruedi Maurer, Alan G. Green, and Jürg Leckebusch. "3-D inversions of magnetic gradiometer data in archeological prospecting: Possibilities and limitations." GEOPHYSICS 65, no. 3 (May 2000): 849–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444782.
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A vertical‐gradient magnetic system based on optically pumped Cesium sensors has been used to map subtle magnetic anomalies across infilled pit houses and ditches at a medieval archeological site in northern Switzerland. For estimating the locations and dimensions of these features from the recorded data, we have designed and implemented an appropriate inversion scheme. Tests of this scheme on realistic synthetic data sets suggested that suitable minimum magnetic susceptibility contrasts and smoothing parameters for the inversion may be directly extracted from the data. Inversions with minimum magnetic susceptibility contrasts generated causative bodies with maximum plausible sizes. By using higher magnetic susceptibility contrasts, a complete suite of models that matched the data equally well was produced. To constrain better the magnetic susceptibility constrast within a selected area of the archeological site, shallow samples of topsoil and sediment were analyzed in the laboratory. An inversion based on the measured magnetic susceptibility contrast yielded reliable estimates of the locations, 3-D geometries, and sizes of two small pit houses. The depth extent of one pit house was subsequently verified by shallow drilling. We concluded that inversions of vertical‐gradient magnetic data constrained by magnetic susceptibility or shallow borehole information are rapid and inexpensive means of providing key knowledge on the depth distribution of inductively magnetized bodies.
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Irnaka, Theodosius Marwan, Wahyudi Wahyudi, Eddy Hartantyo, Adien Akhmad Mufaqih, Ade Anggraini, and Wiwit Suryanto. "SEISGAMA: A Free C# Based Seismic Data Processing Software Platform." International Journal of Geophysics 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2913591.
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Seismic reflection is one of the most popular methods in geophysical prospecting. Nevertheless, obtaining high resolution and accurate results requires a sophisticated processing stage. There are many open-source seismic reflection data processing software programs available; however, they often use a high-level programming language that decreases its overall performance, lacks intuitive user-interfaces, and is limited to a small set of tasks. These shortcomings reveal the need to develop new software using a programming language that is natively supported by Windows® operating systems, which uses a relatively medium-level programming language (such as C#) and can be enhanced by an intuitive user interface. SEISGAMA was designed to address this need and employs a modular concept, where each processing group is combined into one module to ensure continuous and easy development and documentation. SEISGAMA can perform basic seismic reflection processes. This ability is very useful, especially for educational purposes or during a quality control process (in the acquisition stage). Those processes can be easily carried out by users via specific menus on SEISGAMA’s main user interface. SEISGAMA has been tested, and its results have been verified using available theoretical frameworks and by comparison to similar commercial software.
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Yan, Jiayong, Xiangbin Chen, Guixiang Meng, Qingtian Lü, Zhen Deng, Guang Qi, and Hejun Tang. "Concealed faults and intrusions identification based on multiscale edge detection and 3D inversion of gravity and magnetic data: A case study in Qiongheba area, Xinjiang, Northwest China." Interpretation 7, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): T331—T345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2018-0066.1.
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Qiongheba is a polymetallic ore concentration area located in the east margin of the Junggar Basin in Xinjiang, Northwest China. Because all three main types of metal deposits (porphyry-type copper, skarn-type iron-copper, and structural altered rock-type gold deposits) in this area are controlled strictly by fault structures and intrusions buried under the Quaternary sediments, the detection of concealed faults and intrusions is of great significance for mineral prospecting. We aim to make clear the faults and intrusions based on the high-precision gravity and magnetic data set. First, multiscale edge detection of gravity and magnetic data is used to distinguish and divide the faults system. Second, 3D recognition of concealed intrusions combining with 3D inversion and multiscale edge detection of gravity and magnetic is carried out to construct the 3D formation of concealed intrusions. Last, seven prospecting targets are proposed based on our research and existed regional geologic and geochemical information, and two of them have been confirmed to be rich in polymetal (Cu-Fe-Mo-Au in the Layikeleke deposit and Cu in the Baxi deposit) by drilling. Our research results not only proved the effectiveness of the combination method of 3D inversion and multiscale edge detection of gravity and magnetic data in the prospecting of concealed faults and intrusions, but they also provide abundant information for mineral exploration prediction in the Qiongheba area.