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Journal articles on the topic 'Magnetic article imaging'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 21 December 2024

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1

Taha, Dalya Mahmood, Ahmed Thaer Abdulqader, Abbas Maan Hadi Al-Khawaja, and Hayder Adeeb Mousa. "Review article about Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 2, no. 5 (September 1, 2024): 530–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2024.2(5).51.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique that uses a magnetic field and computer-generated radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues in your body. MRI is a noninvasive way for a medical professional to examine the organs, tissues and skeletal system. It produces high-resolution images of the inside of the body that help diagnose a variety of conditions. Because MRI doesn’t use X-rays or other radiation, it’s the imaging test of choice when people will need frequent imaging for diagnosis or treatment monitoring, especially of their brain.

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Anpalakhan, Shaemala, Anna Beattie, and Catriona Bhagra. "Critically appraising a cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging article." British Journal of Hospital Medicine 78, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): C14—C17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2017.78.1.c14.

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Kanda, Tomonori, Aki Miyazaki, Feibi Zeng, Yoshiko Ueno, Keitaro Sofue, Takaki Maeda, Munenobu Nogami, Kazuhiro Kitajima, and Takamichi Murakami. "Magnetic resonance imaging of intraocular optic nerve disorders: review article." Polish Journal of Radiology 85, no. 1 (2020): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2020.93364.

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Scholtz, L., A. Sarkin, and Z. Lockhat. "Current clinical applications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging : review article." Cardiovascular Journal Of Africa 25, no. 4 (September 2, 2014): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5830/cvja-2014-021.

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Ng, Kwan-Hoong, Oliver Faust, and Rajendra Acharya U. "RETRACTED ARTICLE: Health Effects and Safety of Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Journal of Medical Systems 36, no. 5 (March 30, 2010): 3387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10916-010-9460-9.

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Vallett, Dave. "Magnetic Current Imaging Revisited." EDFA Technical Articles 16, no. 4 (November 1, 2014): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.edfa.2014-4.p026.

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Abstract Magnetic current imaging provides electrical fault isolation for shorts, leakage currents, resistive opens, and complete opens. In addition, it can be performed nondestructively from either side a die, wafer, packaged IC, or PCB. This article reviews the basic theory and attributes of MCI, describes the types of sensors used, and discusses general measurement procedures. It also presents application examples demonstrating recent advancements and improvements in MCI.

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Alonazi, Batil. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis." International Journal of Biomedicine 12, no. 1 (March 10, 2022): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21103/article12(1)_ra4.

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The purpose of this article was to evaluate the diagnostic and screening effectiveness of breast MRI (BMRI) protocols for detecting breast cancer. The current review was based on prior research published in English databases such as PubMed and ScienceDirect in scientific articles published between 2010 and 2020 with the keywords "breast cancer MRI," "diagnostic," "dense breast," "risk factors," and "imaging." BMRI is the most sensitive imaging modality for detecting breast cancer. Annual BMRI is recommended for screening women who are at high risk for breast cancer in addition to mammography. Abbreviated MRI, with shorter image acquisition and interpretation times, increases the availability of breast MRI and reduces the costs. Unenhanced MRI parameters such as DWI are under investigation to be added to abbreviated MRI protocols. It seems feasible to offer a cost‐effective screening breast DCE‐MRI to a broader population.

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Bagnenko, S. S. "Comment to the Article „Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hoffa’s Fat Pad“." Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia 25, no. 2 (July 16, 2019): 141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21823/2311-2905-2019-25-2-141-142.

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Safarpour Lima, Zeinab, Mohammad Reza Ebadi, Ghazaleh Amjad, and Ladan Younesi. "Application of Imaging Technologies in Breast Cancer Detection: A Review Article." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 5 (March 15, 2019): 838–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.171.

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One of the techniques utilised in the management of cancer in all stages is multiple biomedical imaging. Imaging as an important part of cancer clinical protocols can provide a variety of information about morphology, structure, metabolism and functions. Application of imaging technics together with other investigative apparatus including in fluids analysis and vitro tissue would help clinical decision-making. Mixed imaging techniques can provide supplementary information used to improve staging and therapy planning. Imaging aimed to find minimally invasive therapy to make better results and reduce side effects. Probably, the most important factor in reducing mortality of certain cancers is an early diagnosis of cancer via screening based on imaging. The most common cancer in women is breast cancer. It is considered as the second major cause of cancer deaths in females, and therefore it remained as an important medical and socio-economic issue. Medical imaging has always formed part of breast cancer care and has used in all phases of cancer management from detection and staging to therapy monitoring and post-therapeutic follow-up. An essential action to be performed in the preoperative staging of breast cancer based on breast imaging. The general term of breast imaging refers to breast sonography, mammography, and magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) of the breast (magnetic resonance mammography, MRM). Further development in technology will lead to increase imaging speed to meet physiological processes requirements. One of the issues in the diagnosis of breast cancer is sensitivity limitation. To overcome this limitation, complementary imaging examinations are utilised that traditionally includes screening ultrasound, and combined mammography and ultrasound. Development in targeted imaging and therapeutic agents calls for close cooperation among academic environment and industries such as biotechnological, IT and pharmaceutical industries.

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Klein, Hans-Martin. "Low-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging." RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren 192, no. 06 (May 12, 2020): 537–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1123-7944.

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Background For more than two decades, the focus of technological progress in MRI was restricted to systems with a field strength of 1.5 T and higher. Low- and mid-field MRI systems, which offer some specific advantages, are vanishing from the market. This article is intended to initiate a re-evaluation of the factor ‘field strength’ in MR imaging. Method Literature review was carried out using MEDLINE database (via Pubmed) over a time span from 1980 to 2019 using free-text and Medical Subject headings (MeSH). Article selection was based on relevance and evidence. Results and Conclusion Low-field MR systems are meanwhile rare in clinical imaging. MRI systems with a lower field strength provide a reduced signal-noise ratio (SNR) and spectral differentiation. However, these systems offer a variety of advantages: Shorter T1 relaxation, better T1 contrast, fewer metal artifacts, reduced susceptibility and chemical shift artifacts, fewer dielectric effects, better tissue penetration, less RF-power deposition, fewer ‘missile effects’, reduced effect on biomedical implants such as shunt valves, less energy and helium consumption. If we free ourselves from the constraints of high-field strength, we are able to offer multiple medical, economic and ecologic advantages to our patients. The development of high-quality low-field MRI is possible and necessary. Key Points: Citation Format

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Moussali, Nadia, Omar Amriss, and Naima Elbenna. "Indications of magnetic resonance imaging." Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2012): 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.48087/bjmstf.2015.2221.

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L’imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) est une révolution dans le domaine de l’imagerie médicale. Une imagerie en coupe qui explore l’ensemble du corps humain en utilisant des séquences morphologiques et dynamiques permettant non seulement de situer la lésion mais d’approcher son origine histologique grâce aux nouvelles séquences dites métaboliques. Le but de cet article est d’énumérer les principales indications de l’IRM selon l’organe exploré. La liste des indications ne peut être exhaustive : l’IRM bénéficie de travaux de recherche qui élargissent son champ d’application, chaque jour.

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Orozco, Antonio. "Magnetic Current Imaging in Failure Analysis." EDFA Technical Articles 11, no. 4 (November 1, 2009): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.edfa.2009-4.p014.

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Abstract Magnetic current imaging is a proven fault-isolation technique. Its unsurpassed sensitivity and resolution coupled with the fact that magnetic fields are unaffected by packaging and die materials make it a valuable FA tool for a wide variety of ICs and devices. This article reviews the basic measurement physics of magnetic current imaging, describes the general implementation, and presents several practical examples of its use.

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Razavi, Reza, and Edward Baker. "Magnetic resonance imaging comes of age." Cardiology in the Young 9, no. 5 (September 1999): 529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951100005503.

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MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE heart started in the 1970's, over the subsequent 25 years, enormous advances have been made in both the hardware and software of magnetic resonance imaging machines so that we can now obtain fast, detailed and accurate images of the heart and great vessels. In chronological terms, therefore, we can say that cardiac magnetic resonance imaging has come of age. In this article we will highlight some of the clinical applications of different magnetic resonance imaging techniques, as well as some recent developments. We will demonstrate that, in clinical investigation of congenital heart disease, magnetic resonance imaging has truly come of age.

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Abouelatta, Mahmoud Mostafa, Osama El Saied Shalaby, Amr Mahmoud Awara, Don Osami Kikkawa, and Mohammed Ashraf Eldesouky. "Review article: Diagnosis and management of enlarged extraocular muscles." Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology 14, no. 2 (November 8, 2022): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/tjo.tjo-d-22-00085.

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Abstract Extraocular muscle (EOM) enlargement may be due to a variety of causes. These causes can be classified in three ways: according to pathogenesis and histopathological features, according to the site, and according to the clinical features. Diagnosis of the cause is dependent upon history, clinical examination, and investigations. Imaging with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging and muscle biopsy is typically necessary to make the correct diagnosis. Treatment of the patient must be directed toward the specific cause. This review emphasizes important clinical and pathological guidelines for appropriate diagnosis and treatment of patients with EOM enlargement.

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Hylton, Nola. "Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging As an Imaging Biomarker." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 20 (July 10, 2006): 3293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.06.8080.

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Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is being used in oncology as a noninvasive method for measuring properties of the tumor microvasculature. There is potential for DCE-MRI to be used as an imaging biomarker to measure antiangiogenic effects of cancer treatments. This article reviews the general methodology for performing DCE-MRI and discusses existing data and challenges to applying DCE-MRI for treatment response assessment in clinical trials.

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Wróblewski, Przemysław, and Waldemar Smolik. "DEVELOPMENT OF MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES TOMOGRAPHY IN NUCLEAR AND MEDICAL ELECTRONICS DIVISION." Informatics Control Measurement in Economy and Environment Protection 7, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 125–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.4600.

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In this article summary of all accomplishments of Nuclear and Medical Electronics Division in the field of Magnetic Nanoparticles Imaging. Magnetic Nanoparticles Imaging is a new tomographic and molecular imaging method that employs superparamagnetic nanoparticles as the tracer. This article includes the most importuned definition regarding this technique, its most interesting features, as well as report about research conducted in the Division in prospect to advance this imaging method in Poland.

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Sunil, Ashwadhi, Karthikeyan M.K, Rajakumar ., Vinoth Kumar ., and Vivekanandhan Umapathy. "ESTROGEN AND IDIOPATHIC CONDYLAR RESORPTION IN ORTHODONTICS-A REVIEW ARTICLE." Thai Moogambigai Journal Of Periodontics and Dental Science 2, no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37841/tmjpds_2021_v2_i4_01.

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Idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) is a condition with no specific cause. Condylar resorption occurs more frequently in women because of the pathogenesis of sex hormones. Cone-beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are vital imaging methods for diagnosis of Idiopathic condylar resorption.The symptoms of ICR overlap with osteoarthritis, inflammatory arthritis, physiologic resorption/remodeling, congenital disorders affecting the mandible.Thus a thorugh medical and physical history is essential in understanding the pathogenesis of idiopathic condylar resorption.Idiopathic condylar resorption can be active or passive.. This review provides an early glimpse of low estrogen and idiopathic condylar resorption.

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R., Kumar H. "Acute Appendicitis in Pregnancy: Update on Management: Narrative Review Article." South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences 6, no. 03 (June 12, 2024): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36346/sarjams.2024.v06i03.007.

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Acute appendicitis in pregnancy is a condition that is challanging to diagnose and treat.The common investigations like full blood count and C.reactive protein are not useful and imaging modalities are restricted to ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging due to the risk of ionizing radiation exposure to the fetus.Early diagnosis and treatment is essential to prevent complications.The surgical treatment is by open or laparoscopic appendectomy.There is a trend towards laparoscopic appendectomy and so we have conducted this review article to look at the diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis in pregnancy.

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Vanderby, Sonia, Juan Nicolás Peña-Sánchez, Neil Kalra, and Paul Babyn. "Finding the Truth in Medical Imaging: Painting the Picture of Appropriateness for Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Canada." Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 66, no. 4 (November 2015): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carj.2015.05.002.

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Background Questions about the appropriateness of medical imaging exams, particularly related to magnetic resonance exams, have arisen in recent years. However, the prevalence of inappropriate imaging in Canada is unclear as inappropriate exam proportion estimates are often based on studies from other countries. Hence, we sought to compare and summarize Canadian studies related to magnetic resonance imaging appropriateness. Methods We completed a systematic literature search identifying studies related to magnetic resonance appropriateness in Canada published between 2003 and 2013. Two researchers independently searched and evaluated the literature available. Articles that studied or discussed magnetic resonance appropriateness in Canada were selected based on titles, abstracts, and, where necessary, full article review. Articles relating solely to other modalities or countries were excluded, as were imaging appropriateness guidelines and reviews. Results Fourteen articles were included: 8 quantitative studies and 6 editorials/commentaries. The quantitative studies reported inappropriate proportions of magnetic resonance exams ranging from 2%-28.5%. Our review also revealed substantial variations among study methods and analyses. Common topics identified among editorials/commentaries included reasons for obtaining imaging in general and for selecting a specific modality, consequences of inappropriate imaging, factors contributing to demand, and suggested means of mitigating inappropriate medical imaging use. Conclusions The available studies do not support the common claim that 30% of medical imaging exams in Canada are inappropriate. The actual proportion of inappropriate magnetic resonance exams has not yet been established conclusively in Canada. Further research, particularly on a widespread national scale, is needed to guide healthcare policies.

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Crim, Julia R., Andrea Cracchiolo, Lawrence W. Bassett, Leanne L. Seeger, Charles A. Soma, and Anne Chatelaine. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Hindfoot." Foot & Ankle 10, no. 1 (August 1989): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110078901000101.

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This article demonstrates normal anatomy of the foot and ankle as visualized with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the sagittal, axial, and coronal planes. Additionally, selected cases chosen from our experience with more than 100 clinical scans are shown to highlight the primary areas in which we have found MRI to be clinically useful: bone marrow abnormalities, especially osteomyelitis and osteonecrosis, soft tissue injuries and masses, and cases in which metallic fixators make CT evaluation problematic.

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Yrjänä, S. K., J. Tuominen, and J. Koivukangas. "Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging in neurosurgery." Acta Radiologica 48, no. 5 (June 2007): 540–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841850701280858.

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Intraoperatively magnetic resonance (MR)-guided neurosurgical operations have been done since 1996, mostly for brain tumors. Several different concepts for intraoperative MRI procedures using low-, middle-, and high-field MR scanners have been reported from pioneering neurosurgical centers. In this article, we present the different solutions used in these centers from a practical point of view. More thoroughly, we present our own concept and experience of 160 craniotomies since 1999 in an operation theater equipped with a low-field (0.23T) scanner, which can be turned on and off during surgery.

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Bakenecker, Anna C., Mandy Ahlborg, Christina Debbeler, Christian Kaethner, Thorsten M. Buzug, and Kerstin Lüdtke-Buzug. "Magnetic particle imaging in vascular medicine." Innovative Surgical Sciences 3, no. 3 (October 9, 2018): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iss-2018-2026.

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AbstractMagnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a new medical imaging technique that enables three-dimensional real-time imaging of a magnetic tracer material. Although it is not yet in clinical use, it is highly promising, especially for vascular and interventional imaging. The advantages of MPI are that no ionizing radiation is necessary, its high sensitivity enables the detection of very small amounts of the tracer material, and its high temporal resolution enables real-time imaging, which makes MPI suitable as an interventional imaging technique. As MPI is a tracer-based imaging technique, functional imaging is possible by attaching specific molecules to the tracer material. In the first part of this article, the basic principle of MPI will be explained and a short overview of the principles of the generation and spatial encoding of the tracer signal will be given. After this, the used tracer materials as well as their behavior in MPI will be introduced. A subsequent presentation of selected scanner topologies will show the current state of research and the limitations researchers are facing on the way from preclinical toward human-sized scanners. Furthermore, it will be briefly shown how to reconstruct an image from the tracer materials’ signal. In the last part, a variety of possible future clinical applications will be presented with an emphasis on vascular imaging, such as the use of MPI during cardiovascular interventions by visualizing the instruments. Investigations will be discussed, which show the feasibility to quantify the degree of stenosis and diagnose strokes and traumatic brain injuries as well as cerebral or gastrointestinal bleeding with MPI. As MPI is not only suitable for vascular medicine but also offers a broad range of other possible applications, a selection of those will be briefly presented at the end of the article.

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Yu, Joseph S., and Kenneth M. Vitellas. "The Calcaneus: Applications of Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Foot & Ankle International 17, no. 12 (December 1996): 771–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110079601701211.

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The calcaneus is the largest bone in the foot and is an important primary weightbearing structure. Pathologic processes that affect this bone may manifest in a variety of clinical presentations, including pain, abnormal motion, instability, or fracture. The purpose of this article is to present a pictorial essay of the wide spectrum of pathologic entities that may affect the calcaneus, emphasizing applications of magnetic resonance imaging and characteristic magnetic resonance features of these processes.

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Perovitch, M., S. Perl, and H. Wang. "Current advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in spinal cord trauma: review article." Spinal Cord 30, no. 5 (May 1992): 305–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sc.1992.74.

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Morishita, Y., H. Hymanson, M. Miyazaki, HH Zhang, W. He, G. Wu, MH Kong, and JC Wang. "Review Article: Kinematic Evaluation of the Spine: A Kinetic Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 16, no. 3 (December 2008): 348–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/230949900801600316.

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Kadirhan, Ozlem, and Erdem Fatihoglu. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Mayer–Rokitansky– Kuster–Hauser Syndrome: A Review Article." Current Research in MRI 1, no. 2 (November 15, 2022): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/currresmri.2022.221117.

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Madias, John E. "Letter by Madias Regarding Article, “Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Takotsubo Syndrome”." Circulation 147, no. 18 (May 2, 2023): 1414–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.122.063167.

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Pabuşçu, Yüksel, Cem Tayfun, Bahri Üstünsöz, M. Ali Yinanç, Taner Üçöz, and Erkin Oğur. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Spinal Dysraphism." European Journal of Therapeutics 5, no. 2 (June 1, 1994): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.58600/eurjther.1994-5-2-1077-arch.

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Spinal Dysraphism is a term that contains a lot of congenital developmental anomalies. it causes serious neurologic signs such as weakness and paralysis of extremities, mixion and defecation incontinance with esthetic losses such as scoliosis, back mass, hair type hypertrichosis in median back area. in this study, the diagnostic value of MRI in spinal dysraphism of 38 patients is discussed. Not: Bu makale dergimizin 1993 yılı 2. sayısında yayınlanmıştır, ancak, baskı hatası nedeniyle bu sayıda yeniden yayınlanması uygun bulunmuştur. https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther-199342-1100-x Note: This article was published in the 2nd issue of our journal in 1993, however, due to a printing error, it was deemed appropriate to republish it in this issue. https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther-199342-1100-x

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Chen, Yongsheng, E. Mark Haacke, and Jun Li. "Peripheral nerve magnetic resonance imaging." F1000Research 8 (October 28, 2019): 1803. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.19695.1.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used extensively in revealing pathological changes in the central nervous system. However, to date, MRI is very much underutilized in evaluating the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This underutilization is generally due to two perceived weaknesses in MRI: first, the need for very high resolution to image the small structures within the peripheral nerves to visualize morphological changes; second, the lack of normative data in MRI of the PNS and this makes reliable interpretation of the data difficult. This article reviews current state-of-the-art capabilities in in vivo MRI of human peripheral nerves. It aims to identify areas where progress has been made and those that still require further improvement. In particular, with many new therapies on the horizon, this review addresses how MRI can be used to provide non-invasive and objective biomarkers in the evaluation of peripheral neuropathies. Although a number of techniques are available in diagnosing and tracking pathologies in the PNS, those techniques typically target the distal peripheral nerves, and distal nerves may be completely degenerated during the patient’s first clinic visit. These techniques may also not be able to access the proximal nerves deeply embedded in the tissue. Peripheral nerve MRI would be an alternative to circumvent these problems. In order to address the pressing clinical needs, this review closes with a clinical protocol at 3T that will allow high-resolution, high-contrast, quantitative MRI of the proximal peripheral nerves.

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MacMillan, Bryce, Emil Veliyulin, Clevan Lamason, and Bruce J. Balcom. "Quantitative magnetic resonance measurements of low moisture content wood1This article is a contribution to the series The Role of Sensors in the New Forest Products Industry and Bioeconomy." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 41, no. 11 (November 2011): 2158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x11-081.

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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging are well established analytical tools with ever-increasing ranges of application. They are, however, generally underutilized in the areas of forestry and wood science. This is in part due to the complex nature of wood and wood–water interactions and also to the need of wood scientists for quantitative measurements of moisture content, fluid flow, wood structure, etc. Furthermore, magnetic resonance instruments have historically been large, sophisticated, and expensive and not generally compatible with wood production facilities. In this paper, we discuss the limitations of magnetic resonance to applications such as wood and describe how, with recent developments in magnetic resonance imaging technology, these limitations can be overcome. We highlight our own work with quantitative moisture content measurements and outline progress in the development of simpler, lightweight, and mobile magnetic resonance instruments. These are promising devices for routine portable magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging, with the potential to finally extend these powerful techniques to the world of foresters and wood scientists.

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Lombardi, Pamela, James C. Carr, Bradley D. Allen, and Robert R. Edelman. "Updates in Magnetic Resonance Venous Imaging." Seminars in Interventional Radiology 38, no. 02 (June 2021): 202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1729152.

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AbstractFor years, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has been a leading imaging modality in the assessment of venous disease involving the pelvis and lower extremities. Current advancement in noncontrast MRA techniques enables imaging of a larger subset of patients previously excluded due to allergy or renal insufficiency, allowing for preintervention assessment and planning. In this article, the current status of MR venography, with a focus on current advancements, will be presented. Protocols and parameters for MR venographic imaging of the pelvis and lower extremities, including contrast and noncontrast enhanced techniques, will be reviewed based on a recent literature review of applied MR venographic techniques. Finally, several disease-specific entities, including pelvic congestion and compression syndromes, will be discussed with a focus on imaging parameters that may best characterize these disease processes and optimize anatomical planning prior to intervention.

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Maheshwari, Ekta, Gitanjali Bajaj, Kedar Jambhekar, Tarun Pandey, and Roopa Ram. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Rectal Cancer." Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology 02, no. 01 (June 2019): 018–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1683772.

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AbstractHigh-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a pivotal role in the pretreatment assessment of primary rectal cancer. The success of this technique depends on obtaining good-quality high-resolution T2-weighted images of the primary tumor, orthogonal to rectal lumen. The goal of magnetic resonance staging is to identify patients who will benefit from neoadjuvant therapy prior to surgery to minimize postoperative recurrence and planning of optimal surgical approach. MRI also facilitates optimal identification of important prognostic factors, which improves both treatment selection and posttreatment follow-up. The objective of this article is to review the existing literature and provide a concise update on various aspects of rectal cancer imaging, discuss the current role of advanced imaging techniques such as diffusion-weighted and perfusion imaging in the evaluation of rectal cancer, and to assess response to therapy.

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Bonde, Apurva, Eduardo Andreazza Dal Lago, Bryan Foster, Sanaz Javadi, Sarah Palmquist, and Priya Bhosale. "Utility of the Diffusion Weighted Sequence in Gynecological Imaging: Review Article." Cancers 14, no. 18 (September 15, 2022): 4468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14184468.

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Functional imaging with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a complementary tool to conventional diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging sequences. It is being increasingly investigated to predict tumor response and assess tumor recurrence. We elucidate the specific technical modifications of DWI preferred for gynecological imaging, including the different b-values and planes for image acquisition. Additionally, we discuss the problems and potential pitfalls encountered during DWI interpretation and ways to overcome them. DWI has a wide range of clinical applications in malignant and non-malignant gynecological conditions. It provides supplemental information helpful in diagnosing and managing tubo-ovarian abscess, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, adnexal torsion, and dermoid. Similarly, DWI has diverse applications in gynecological oncology in diagnosis, staging, detection of recurrent disease, and tumor response assessment. Quantitative evaluation with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurement is being increasingly evaluated for correlation with various tumor parameters in managing gynecological malignancies aiding in preoperative treatment planning. Newer advanced DWI techniques of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and whole body DWI with background suppression (DWIBS) and their potential uses in pelvic nerve mapping, preoperative planning, and fertility-preserving surgeries are briefly discussed.

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Baz, R., and Cristina-Mădălina Deacu. "Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of perianal fistulas." ARS Medica Tomitana 22, no. 2 (May 1, 2016): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arsm-2016-0020.

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Abstract MRI has become the method of choice for evaluating perianal fistulae due to its ability to display the anatomy of the sphincter muscles orthogonally, with good contrast resolution. In this article we give an outline of the classification of perianal fistulae and present a pictorial assay of sphincter anatomy and the MRI findings in perianal fistulae. This study is based on a retrospective analysis of 21 patients with a clinical diagnosis of perianal fistula.

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Bolog, Nicolae, and Gustav Andreisek. "Getting Started with Magnetic Resonance Neurography." Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology 22, no. 03 (May 23, 2018): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1641576.

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AbstractThis article provides a review of magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) and how to get started. It explains step by step how to establish MRN at an institution: how to set up MRN protocols, how to train technicians, what a report needs to contain, and how relevant findings should be communicated to the referring physician. Advanced imaging techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging are only briefly discussed at the end of the article because most of those techniques are difficult for beginners and are still not considered standard in the clinical routine.

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Wagle, Pratik, Lakshmi Ananthakrishnan, and Christopher Coppa. "Imaging of Liver Metastases." Digestive Disease Interventions 01, no. 03 (September 2017): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1607434.

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AbstractThe evaluation of liver metastases using computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT) is discussed in this article. PET-MR and multienergy CT are newer techniques gaining appeal in the assessment of liver metastases and have also been reviewed.

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Rajiah, Prabhakar, and Milind Y. Desai. "Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging – Role and Applications." European Cardiology Review 8, no. 1 (2012): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/ecr.2012.8.1.17.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an important imaging modality in the non-invasive evaluation of cardiovascular diseases because of technological advances that facilitate the rapid acquisition of high-quality images. MRI is considered the gold standard in the evaluation of myocardial function. The good spatio-temporal resolution, wide field-of-view and multiplanar reconstruction capabilities of MRI make it ideal for the evaluation of the anatomy of the heart and great vessels. In this article, we discuss the current role and applications of cardiovascular MRI.

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Sorensen, A. Gregory. "Magnetic Resonance As a Cancer Imaging Biomarker." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 20 (July 10, 2006): 3274–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.06.6597.

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Cancer is a diverse disease with many manifestations. Magnetic resonance (MR) has a wide range of sensitivities, and therefore has often been used to study cancer in humans in numerous different ways, most typically with MR spectroscopy and MR imaging. This article is not an exhaustive catalog of the use of MR in cancer, but will briefly highlight some of the many promising MR methods that have been developed, proposed, or used to focus on the problem of detecting and characterizing cancer, its treatments, and adverse effects.

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Upadhyaya, Vaishali, Divya Narain Upadhyaya, Adarsh Kumar, Ashok Kumar Pandey, Ratni Gujral, and Arun Kumar Singh. "Magnetic resonance neurography of the brachial plexus." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 48, no. 02 (May 2015): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.163045.

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ABSTRACTMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is being increasingly recognised all over the world as the imaging modality of choice for brachial plexus and peripheral nerve lesions. Recent refinements in MRI protocols have helped in imaging nerve tissue with greater clarity thereby helping in the identification, localisation and classification of nerve lesions with greater confidence than was possible till now. This article on Magnetic Resonance Neurography (MRN) is based on the authors’ experience of imaging the brachial plexus and peripheral nerves using these protocols over the last several years.

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Gilard, Martine, Mourad Mejri, Pennec Pierre-Yves, and Jacques Boschat. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Interventional Cardiologist." Interventional Cardiology Review 4, no. 1 (2009): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/icr.2009.4.1.26.

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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has evolved over the last few years into a valuable tool for the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular diseases. Late gadolinium-enhanced MRI and stress myocardial perfusion MRI have been shown to be useful in detecting infarct tissue and in predicting myocardial viability and patient prognosis. The strengths of MRI lie in its ability to comprehensively image cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, viability and physiology in ‘one-stop testing’ and to provide high-quality diagnostic information without the need for radiation. This article summarises the current clinical applications of MRI in interventional cardiology.

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Schrag, Benaiah D., Xiaoyong Liu, Jan S. Hoftun, Peter L. Klinger, T. M. Levin, and David P. Vallett. "Quantitative Analysis and Depth Measurement via Magnetic Field Imaging." EDFA Technical Articles 7, no. 4 (November 1, 2005): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.edfa.2005-4.p024.

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Abstract Magnetic field imaging is proving to be a valuable tool for semiconductor failure analysts and test engineers. One of its main advantages is that it does not require sample preparation or deprocessing because magnetic fields pass through most materials used in ICs and device packages. This article discusses the theory and practical limitations of magnetic field imaging and demonstrates its use in mapping current density and determining the location and depth of current-carrying conductors.

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Taylor, Sarah E. "Imaging modalities for the equine distal limb." UK-Vet Equine 8, no. 3 (May 2, 2024): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ukve.2024.8.3.113.

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There has been huge investment in computed tomography machines and standing equine magnetic resonance imaging systems across the UK in recent years, with several practices now offering both imaging modalities. It can be difficult to determine which of these imaging modalities is best for imaging the equine distal limb without a good understanding of how each of the imaging systems work practically, and which specific tissues are better evaluated using computed tomography compared to magnetic resonance imaging. It is often not known which tissue is injured when selecting an imaging modality to use. All standing systems, be it magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography, are affected by patient motion, which can be markedly reduced by the use of general anaesthesia. This article describes the practical features of some of the various systems available for standing distal limb magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, and advises on case selection for each modality.

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Sarvazyan, A., V. Egorov, J. S. Son, and C. S. Kaufman. "Article Commentary: Cost-Effective Screening for Breast Cancer Worldwide: Current State and Future Directions." Breast Cancer: Basic and Clinical Research 1 (January 2008): BCBCR.S774. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/bcbcr.s774.

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Affordability of healthcare is highly limited by its skyrocketing cost. Access to screening and diagnostic medical equipment and medicine in developing countries is inadequate for the majority of the population. There is a tremendous worldwide need to detect breast cancer at its earliest stage. These needs must be balanced by the ability of countries to provide breast cancer screening technology to their populations. We reviewed the diagnostic accuracy, procedure cost and cost-effectiveness of currently available technique for breast screening and diagnosis including clinical breast examination, mammography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, biopsy and a new modality for cancer diagnostics termed elasticity imaging that has emerged in the last decade. Clinical results demonstrate that elasticity imaging even in its simplest and least sophisticated versions, like tactile imaging, has significant diagnostic potential comparable and exceeding that of conventional imaging techniques. In view of many countries with limited resources, effective yet less expensive modes of screening must be considered worldwide. The tactile imaging is one method that has the potential to provide cost-effective breast cancer screening and diagnostics.

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Welker, Kirk, and Mai-Lan Ho. "Pediatric Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Clinical Applications." Journal of Pediatric Neurology 16, no. 02 (July 20, 2017): 078–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1604216.

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AbstractTask-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is an imaging technique based on blood oxygenation level-dependent imaging. Maps of brain activation are generated during the performance of designated tasks involving eloquent functions, such as motor, sensory, visual, auditory, and/or language. Optimal performance of fMRI in children requires consideration of multiple psychological and physiological parameters. Also, a solid technical understanding is needed for appropriate study design, implementation, processing, and interpretation. In this article, the authors review the key principles of fMRI technique, study design, data processing, and interpretation. The important clinical applications in the pediatric population will be highlighted, accompanied by example cases from their institution.

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Seetharam, Karthik, and Stamatios Lerakis. "Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: the future is bright." F1000Research 8 (September 13, 2019): 1636. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.19721.1.

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Over the last 15 years, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has progressively evolved to become an indispensable tool in cardiology. It is a non-invasive technique that enables objective and functional assessment of myocardial tissue. Recent innovations in magnetic resonance imaging scanner technology and parallel imaging techniques have facilitated the generation of T1 and T2 parametric mapping to explore tissue characteristics. The emergence of strain imaging has enabled cardiologists to evaluate cardiac function beyond conventional metrics. Significant progress in computer processing capabilities and cloud infrastructure has supported the growth of artificial intelligence in CMR imaging. In this review article, we describe recent advances in T1/T2 mapping, myocardial strain, and artificial intelligence in CMR imaging.

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Wirasasmita, Dewi A., Gatot Abdurrazak, and Ahmad Yani. "Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Choledochal Cyst." International Journal of Infertility & Fetal Medicine 11, no. 1 (2020): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1200.

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ABSTRACT Choledochal cysts (CCs) are rare congenital anomaly with characterized dilatation of intra- or extrahepatic biliary duct or both. Prenatal diagnosis is increasing due to high resolution of ultrasound (US) and ultrafast sequences of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing better delineation of the cyst to the adjacent structure. Considering the additional value of the fetal MRI report is still infrequent to confirm the CC case, we therefore report the type I of CC, which was previously diagnosed as a cystic biliary atresia (CBA) from US result. Postnatal MRI and histopathology prove it. How to cite this article: Wirasasmita DA, Abdurrazak G, Yani A. Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Choledochal Cyst. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2020;11(1):27–29.

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Bobek-Billewicz, Barbara, Gabriela Stasik-Pres, Anna Hebda, Krzysztof Majchrzak, Wojciech Kaspera, and Marek Jurkowski. "Original article Anaplastic transformation of low-grade gliomas (WHO II) on magnetic resonance imaging." Folia Neuropathologica 2 (2014): 128–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/fn.2014.43784.

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Maksimovic, R. M., B. A. Banko, and J. P. Milovanovic. "Imaging of larynx: Diagnostic value of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 56, no. 3 (2009): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci0903039m.

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Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are enabling more precise diagnosis and treatment planning in patients with diseases of the larynx. The aim of this article is to describe the role of these methods in assessment of the laringeal diseases and key local anatomic characteristics important for spread of the disease. CT and MRI have a valuable contribution to the staging of the tumors due to the possibility to show the relationship to the ventricular complex, involvement of the subumucosal spaces, defining craniocaudal and anterposterior extension, laringeal cartilage invasion, as well as regional lymph node metastases.

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Hochhegger, Bruno, Vinícius Valério Silveira de Souza, Edson Marchiori, Klaus Loureiro Irion, Arthur Soares Souza Jr., Jorge Elias Junior, Rosana Souza Rodrigues, et al. "Chest magnetic resonance imaging: a protocol suggestion." Radiologia Brasileira 48, no. 6 (December 2015): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2014.0017.

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Abstract In the recent years, with the development of ultrafast sequences, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been established as a valuable diagnostic modality in body imaging. Because of improvements in speed and image quality, MRI is now ready for routine clinical use also in the study of pulmonary diseases. The main advantage of MRI of the lungs is its unique combination of morphological and functional assessment in a single imaging session. In this article, the authors review most technical aspects and suggest a protocol for performing chest MRI. The authors also describe the three major clinical indications for MRI of the lungs: staging of lung tumors; evaluation of pulmonary vascular diseases; and investigation of pulmonary abnormalities in patients who should not be exposed to radiation.

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Groudeva, V., and А. Partenova. "Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy – contribution of magnetic resonance imaging." Bulgarian Cardiology 30, no. 2 (September 4, 2024): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/bgcardio.30.e128352.

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the most common form of cardiomyopathies. It is characterized by primary hypertrophy, disorganization, and fibrosis of the myocardium. These morphological characteristics determine the applicability and significance of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of these patients. Cardiac magnetic resonance helps the diagnostic process by identifying hypertrophic segments, which are less accessible by echocardiography ensures more precise measurements of wall thickness and differentiates HCM from other causes of left ventricular hypertrophy. The method allows for not only qualitative but also quantitive evaluation of focal and diffuse fibrosis which plays an important role in evaluation of patients’ prognosis and follow up. The aim of this article is to review the role of cardiac magnetic resonance in the diagnosis of HCM, demonstrating different forms and their typical morphological features, as well as to demonstrate the role of the method in the differential diagnosis of myocardial hypertrophy.

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