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Academic literature on the topic 'Magnesium alloys Surfaces'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Magnesium alloys Surfaces"

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Xu, Jinkai, Qianqian Cai, Zhongxu Lian, Zhanjiang Yu, Wanfei Ren, and Huadong Yu. "Research Progress on Corrosion Resistance of Magnesium Alloys with Bio-inspired Water-repellent Properties: A Review." Journal of Bionic Engineering 18, no. 4 (July 2021): 735–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42235-021-0064-5.

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AbstractThanks to its excellent mechanical properties, magnesium alloys have many potential applications in the aerospace and other fields. However, failure to adequately solve corrosion problems of magnesium alloy becomes one of the factors restricting its wide use in many industrial fields. Inspired by nature, researchers designed and fabricated bio-inspired water-repellent (superhydrophobic and slippery liquid-infused porous surface) surfaces with special wetting properties by exploring the surface microstructures of plants and animals such as lotus leaf and nepenthes pitcher, exhibiting excellent corrosion-resistant performance. This article summarizes the research progress on corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys with bio-inspired water-repellent properties in recent years. It mainly introduces the corrosion reasons, types of corrosion of magnesium alloys, and the preparation of magnesium alloys with bio-inspired water-repellent properties to improve corrosion resistance. In particular, it is widely used and effective to construct water-repellent and anti-corrosion coating on the surface of magnesium alloy by surface treatment. It is hoped that the research in this review can broaden the application range of magnesium alloys and provide a powerful reference for the future research on corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys.

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Doskočil, Leoš, Pavlína Šomanová, Jiří Másilko, Martin Buchtík, Michaela Hasoňová, Lukáš Kalina, and Jaromír Wasserbauer. "Characterization of Prepared Superhydrophobic Surfaces on AZ31 and AZ91 Alloys Etched with ZnCl2 and SnCl2." Coatings 12, no. 10 (September 27, 2022): 1414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12101414.

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Superhydrophobic surfaces were prepared using a two-step method that involved the etching of AZ31 and AZ91 magnesium alloys and then modifying the etched alloys with stearic acid. Magnesium alloys etched with ZnCl2 and SnCl2 exhibited surfaces roughened with micro- and nanoscale hierarchical structures consisting of two chemically distinct regions (Zn/Zn(OH)2 or Sn/SnO2 and Mg(OH)2). An optimum etching time of ten minutes was chosen for both etchants. Superhydrophobic surfaces with the highest contact angle were prepared when stearic acid reacted with the etched alloys at 50 °C for 4 h. Stearic acid was bound as zinc stearate and magnesium stearate on Mg alloys etched with ZnCl2 and SnCl2 solutions, respectively. The superhydrophobic process on AZ31 alloys etched with ZnCl2 and SnCl2 improved the corrosion resistance in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution compared to bare AZ31 alloy, with the use of ZnCl2 etchant leading to better results. An improvement in the corrosion resistance of AZ91 alloy was observed when the stearic-acid-modified AZ91 alloy was etched with SnCl2. In contrast, the use of ZnCl2 etchant to pretreat AZ91 alloy resulted in a significant deterioration in corrosion properties compared to bare AZ91 alloy. The microstructure of the Mg alloy had an impact on the etching and modification process. On the basis of the findings, a characterization of the chemistry of etching magnesium alloys and the formation of superhydrophobic surfaces was proposed. Magnesium alloys were prepared with superhydrophobic surfaces, incorporating antibacterial metals, features which may increase their potential for use in medical applications.

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Gu, Ting Ting, Hong Qi Xia, Li Xin Liu, Jing Liu, Ting Qi, Hong Yang Zhao, and Zhi Gang Fang. "Electrochemical Behavior of AZ Magnesium Alloy Containing Rare Earth Element." Materials Science Forum 750 (March 2013): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.750.60.

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The electrochemical behavior of a new magnesium alloy (AZ61) containing rare earth elements-cerium (Mg-Al-Zn-Mn-Ce alloys) was investigated in 3% NaCl electrolyte using electrochemical methods such as linear sweep voltammetry, Tafel curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the surface morphologies of magnesium and its alloys. The results shows that compared with that of the most commonly used Mg alloy–AZ61, the cerium containing magnesium alloy exhibited higher electrochemical activity, and higher corrosion resistance. The electrochemical activity of Mg-Al-Zn-Mn-Ce was higher than that of Mg and Mg-Al-Zn-Mn-Ce alloys in 3% NaCl. The corrosion resistive order decreased in the following sequence: Mg-Al-Zn-Mn-Ce > Mg-Al-Zn-Mn > Mg. The electrolytes favored anodic magnesium oxidation, but the alloying element of Ce facilitated the formation of dense passive films on alloy surfaces.

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Zainal Abidin, Nor Ishida, Darren Martin, and Andrej Atrens. "Magnesium Corrosion in Different Solutions." Materials Science Forum 690 (June 2011): 369–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.690.369.

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The corrosion mechanism of Mg alloys in Hank’s solution was elucidated by comparing the corrosion of typical Mg alloys (AZ91, ZE41 and Mg2Zn0.2Mn) and high purity Mg in Hank’s solution at room temperature and in 3% NaCl saturated with Mg(OH)2. Corrosion was characterised by the evolved hydrogen and the surfaces after the immersion tests. Corrosion in Hank’s solution was weakly influenced by microstructure in contrast to corrosion in the 3% NaCl solution, where second phases cause strong micro-galvanic acceleration. This is attributed to the formation of a more protective surface film in Hank’s solution, causing extra resistance between the alpha-Mg matrix and the second phase. The incubation period in Hank’s solution was alloy dependent.

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Emelyanenko, Alexandre M., Alexander G. Domantovsky, Valery V. Kaminsky, Ivan S. Pytskii, Kirill A. Emelyanenko, and Ludmila B. Boinovich. "The Mechanisms of Antibacterial Activity of Magnesium Alloys with Extreme Wettability." Materials 14, no. 18 (September 21, 2021): 5454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185454.

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In this study, we applied the method of nanosecond laser treatment for the fabrication of superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic magnesium-based surfaces with hierarchical roughness when the surface microrelief is evenly decorated by MgO nanoparticles. The comparative to the bare sample behavior of such surfaces with extreme wettability in contact with dispersions of bacteria cells Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was studied. To characterize the bactericidal activity of magnesium samples with different wettability immersed into a bacterial dispersion, we determined the time variation of the planktonic bacterial titer in the dispersion. To explore the anti-bacterial mechanisms of the magnesium substrates, a set of experimental studies on the evolution of the magnesium ion concentration in liquid, pH of the dispersion medium, surface morphology, composition, and wettability was performed. The obtained data made it possible to reveal two mechanisms that, in combination, play a key role in the bacterial decontamination of the liquid. These are the alkalization of the dispersion medium and the collection of bacterial cells by microrods growing on the surface as a result of the interaction of magnesium with the components of the buffer solution.

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Meng, Lingjie, Xuhui Liu, Li Liu, Qingxiang Hong, Yuxin Cheng, Fei Gao, Jie Chen, Qiuyang Zhang, and Changjiang Pan. "Comparative Investigation of the Corrosion Behavior and Biocompatibility of the Different Chemical Conversion Coatings on the Magnesium Alloy Surfaces." Metals 12, no. 10 (September 30, 2022): 1644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12101644.

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Due to their good biodegradability and biocompatibility, magnesium alloys are widely favored as the potential candidate for the biodegradable cardiovascular stent. However, the rapid degradation and the limited biocompatibility in vivo remain the main bottlenecks that inhibit their clinical applications. The construction of the chemical conversion coating on the magnesium alloy surface represents one of the effective strategies to control the degradation rate and enhance the biocompatibility. In the present study, the different chemical conversion layers were prepared on the magnesium alloy surface by chemical conversion treatment, including sodium hydroxide (NaOH), hydrofluoric acid (HF), phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and phytic acid (C6H18O24P6) treatment, and the corrosion behaviors and biocompatibility of the chemical conversion layers were comparatively investigated in detail. The results showed that the different chemical treatments can produce the different conversion layers on the magnesium alloy surfaces with a variety of physicochemical characteristics, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, and all treatments can enhance the corrosion resistance to varying degrees. The hydrophilicity and corrosion resistance of the sodium hydroxide-treated magnesium alloy were the best among all the materials. Although the hydrofluoric acid-treated magnesium alloy had produced a hydrophobic coating, the corrosion resistance still needed to be improved. Magnesium alloys treated by sodium hydroxide showed a selective promotion of albumin adsorption, while the other samples simultaneously promoted albumin and fibrinogen adsorption. For the blood compatibility, the hemolysis rates of all of the treated materials were reduced to below 5%. The samples treated by phytic acid had the smallest hemolysis rate, and the NaOH-treated magnesium alloy had the least amount of platelet adhesion and activation. An appropriate microenvironment for cell growth could be achieved by the chemical conversion treatment, according to the results of the endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation, and the NaOH-treated surface showed the best endothelial cell growth behaviors among all of the samples. In summary, the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the magnesium alloy were significantly improved by the sodium hydroxide treatment, and thus this treatment can be used as a pretreatment for the surface modification of the magnesium alloy in order to further enhance the biocompatibility when used as the cardiovascular implants.

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Zhang, Qianqian, and Huichen Zhang. "Corrosion resistance and mechanism of micro-nano structure super-hydrophobic surface prepared by laser etching combined with coating process." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 66, no. 3 (May 7, 2019): 264–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-07-2018-1964.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of micro-nano mixed super-hydrophobic structure on corrosion resistance and mechanism of magnesium alloys. Design/methodology/approach A super-hydrophobic surface was fabricated on AZ91 and WE43 magnesium alloys by laser etching and micro-arc oxidation (MAO) with SiO2 nanoparticles coating and low surface energy material modification. The corrosion resistance properties of the prepared super-hydrophobic surfaces were studied based on polarization curves and immersion tests. Findings Compared with bare substrates, the corrosion resistance of super-hydrophobic surfaces was improved significantly. The corrosion resistance of super-hydrophobic surface is related to micro-nano composite structure, static contact angle and pretreatment method. The more uniform the microstructure and the larger the static contact angle, the better the corrosion resistance of the super-hydrophobic surface. The corrosion resistance of super-hydrophobic by MAO is better than that of laser machining. Corrosion of super-hydrophobic surface can be divided into air valley action, physical shielding, pretreatment layer action and substrate corrosion. Originality/value The super-hydrophobic coatings can reduce the contact of matrix with water so that a super-hydrophobic coating would be an effective way for magnesium alloy anti-corrosion. Therefore, the corrosion resistance properties and mechanism of the prepared super-hydrophobic magnesium alloys were investigated in detail.

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Emelyanenko, Kirill A., Alexander G. Domantovsky, Elizaveta V. Chulkova, Alexandre M. Emelyanenko, and Ludmila B. Boinovich. "Thermally Induced Gradient of Properties on a Superhydrophobic Magnesium Alloy Surface." Metals 11, no. 1 (December 27, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11010041.

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Fabrication of superhydrophobic coatings for magnesium alloys is in high demand for various industrial applications. Such coatings not only extend the service life of metal structures, but also impart additional useful functional properties to the coated surface. In this study, we show that nanosecond laser processing of long, thin stripes of magnesium alloys followed by the deposition of a hydrophobic agent onto the magnesium oxide layer is a simple, convenient, and easily reproducible method for obtaining superhydrophobic surfaces with property gradient along the sample. The mechanism of the gradient in wettability and electrochemical properties of the magnesium alloy surface is discussed based on the high-temperature growth of magnesium oxide and its following degradation. The latter is related to the development of internal stresses and the formation of cracks and pores within the oxide layer at prolonged exposure to high temperatures during the interaction of a laser beam with the substrate. The effect of heating during laser processing of magnesium materials with limited sizes on the protective properties of the forming coatings is elucidated.

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Çakır, Orhan. "Wet etching of AZ31B magnesium alloy with nitric acid." Emerging Materials Research 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.21.00015.

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Wet etching is a micromachining process in which a material is immersed in liquid chemicals or etchants to remove unwanted sections from the surface. The process is generally known as cost-effective, reliable and suitable for high-production environments. Magnesium alloys are presenting a strong popularity in recent years since it is one of the lightest engineering alloys. Hence, the micromachining of these materials is becoming an important research area. One of the promising methods is wet etching. In this experimental study, two different concentrations (10 and 20 ml) of a nitric acid solution are used at room temperature. The wet etching characteristics of a selected magnesium alloy is determined by analysing the thickness reduction and surface roughness as well as colour degradation on the machined surfaces.

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Ji, Yang, Mengdie Hou, Jin Zhang, Tianlin Wang, Can Cao, Huazhe Yang, and Xiaodong Zhang. "Surface Modification of WE43 Magnesium Alloys with Dopamine Hydrochloride Modified GelMA Coatings." Coatings 12, no. 8 (July 29, 2022): 1074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12081074.

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As biodegradable medical implants, magnesium alloys have attracted great concerns due to their desirable biological and mechanical performances. Nevertheless, the overfast degradation rate of magnesium alloys makes it difficult to make full use of their potential in medical sciences. Therefore, it is a hot issue to control the degradation rate and functionalize the magnesium alloys via surface modifications. Herein, methacrylate gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel was adopted as coatings on the surface of WE43 magnesium alloys to control the degradation behaviors of magnesium alloys. Inspired by mussels, dopamine (DOPA) hydrochloride was adopted to modify GelMA to further functionalize the coatings. The compositions, swelling properties, degradation behaviors, and morphologies of samples were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and immersion test. It was shown that GelMA-DOPA composites could be obtained and the swelling and degradation behaviors of magnesium alloys could be controlled by adjusting the compositions of GelMA and DOPA. Furthermore, the GelMA-DOPA hydrogel coatings can be tightly bonded to the Mg alloys.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Magnesium alloys Surfaces"

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Wong, Hoi-man, and 黃凱文. "Surface modification of biodegradable metallic material." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41290689.

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Tang, Caixian. "Soldering in magnesium high pressure die casting and its preservation by surface engineering." Swinburne Research Bank, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/22747.

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Thesis (PhD) - Swinburne University of Technology, Industrial Research Institute Swinburne - 2007.
[A thesis submitted] for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Industrial Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology - 2007. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. 154-167).

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Baliga, Chaitanya B. "Bulk and surface studies of rapidly solidified Mg Al alloys." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1990. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843174/.

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The effect of aluminium additions on the structure and morphology of the corrosion products formed on the surfaces of rapidly solidified Mg-Al alloy splats immersed at room temperature in a solution of 3%NaCl saturated with Mg(OH)2; has been studied under different analytical techniques. The adverse effect of contamination from copper particles during processing on the corrosion behaviour of the alloys is also highlighted. Aluminium additions were beneficial to the corrosive behaviour of the alloys with a marked improvement in their anti-corrosion resistance occurring in alloys containing more than 10 wt.% Al. This is attributed to the presence of aluminium ions in the prior oxide/hydroxide in the surface of the alloy. The thickness of the latter decreased with enrichment of aluminium ions and was 10-50nm for the Mg-16Al alloy splats as compared with 200nm for the Mg-3.5Al alloy splats. Hydromagnesite (3MgCO3. Mg(OH)2. 3H2O) formed as an overlayer on the surface of the alloy splats depending on the handling conditions. For the Mg-10Al and Mg-16Al alloy splats an admixture of a high temperature spinel (MgA12O4) in perlclase (MgO) and/or brucite (Mg(OH)2) was detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It Is proposed that in the corrosive environment the Al3+ ions on the surface compete successfully with the chlorine ions for the anodic sites on the surface and anchor the growth of the layered brucite structure by the formation of a compound belonging to the pyroaurite-sjogrenite group of compounds. Hydroxyl ions, water, chlorine ions and carbonate ions are incorporated in The interlayers of the layered brucite structure. The formation of a double hydroxide with an acicular morphology and a structure close to that of hydrotalcite-manasseite (Mg6A12(OH)16. CO3. 4H2O) has been supported by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), XPS, XRD, multi-element mapping by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) analyses on the corroded splats. A growth mechanism is proposed on the basis of the structural chemistry, surface morphology and crystal structure of the corrosion products. The implications of this work for the design of Mg base alloys with improved corrosion properties are also discussed. The selected alloying elements are in excellent agreement with those selected from other studies on the development of corrosion resistant Mg alloys.

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Wong, Hoi-man. "Surface modification of biodegradable metallic material." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41290689.

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Xin, Yunchang. "Degradation mechanism and surface modification of biomedical magnesium alloy /." access full-text access abstract and table of contents, 2010. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/thesis.pl?phd-ap-b30011723f.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2010.
"Submitted to Department of Physics and Materials Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Includes bibliographical references.

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KUPFER, JOHN CARLTON. "A SEARCH FOR CHANGES IN THE BAND STRUCTURE OF EXTREMELY STRAIN-FREE MAGNESIUM-CADMIUM CRYSTALS AS A FUNCTION OF ALLOYING, IN THE DILUTE LIMIT (DE HAAS-VAN ALPHEN, FERMI SURFACE)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187953.

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We report here a study of a specific doublet of de Haas-van Alphen frequencies in pure Mg and very dilute Mg(Cd) alloys with the magnetic field aligned with the c-axis. The work involved three stages. First, the use of extremely strain-free crystals, temperatures down to 40 millidegree Kelvin, large amplitude modulation, and the fast Fourier transform allowed the components of this doublet to be well resolved. This resolution allowed measurement of the changes in the cross-sectional area as a function of magnetic field orientation to verify the assignment of this doublet to the cap and monster arm junction at the top of the Brillouin zone. Third, with the magnetic field aligned with the c-axis, the splitting of this doublet offered a direct and sensitive indication of any symmetry breaking changes in the 0001 Fourier component of the ionic lattice potential in Mg upon the introduction of Cd. C. B. Friedberg's analysis of his electron interference lineshape data from the quantum interferometer in Mg had indicated that the energy of this band gap should increase by 40% with the introduction of 15 ppm Cd. Our data indicate that any change in the energy of the band gap must be at least three orders of magnitude smaller than that indicated by Friedberg. Our data are, in fact, consistent with there being no changes in the electronic band structure or the Fermi surface of Mg(Cd) alloys (with up to 0.02% (At) Cd), from that of pure Mg.

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Diplas, Spyridonas. "Bulk surface studies of vapour deposited Mg-V and Mg-Zr alloys." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1998. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844498/.

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Mg-V and Mg-Zr alloys with nominal compositions 1, 6, 17.5, 27 wt% V and 2, 8.6 and 10.6 wt% Zr respectively were produced by PVD. All deposits exhibited compositional inhomogeneity, columnar microstructures and a strong basal texture. The solid solubilities of V and Zr in Mg were extended approximately to 17 wt% V and 10 wt% respectively. Grain refinement occurred with increasing solute content. The solid solution break up temperature decreased as the V and Zr content in the alloys increased. Pure V precipitated when the extended solid solubility of was exceeded. Both c and a lattice parameters, as well as the c/a ratio decreased with increasing V content in the Mg-V alloys. The slight increase of the a-lattice parameter and the decrease of the c one led to a decrease of the c/a ratio with increasing Zr additions in the Mg-Zr alloys. The air-formed oxide on the surfaces of the Mg-V alloys consisted predominantly of hydromagnesite at the outermost surface with Mg(OH)2 in excess of MgO underneath. No evidence of V oxide in the surface film was found. Magnesium oxide was also found between the grains of the deposits. The air-formed oxide on the surfaces of the Mg-Zr alloys consisted of ZrO2, MgO and possibly Zr sub-oxide. The presence of the oxides beween the columnar grains gave rise to graded metal/oxide interfaces. The outermost surfaces of the Mg-Zr alloys were similar to the Mg-V ones. Analysis of changes of the Auger parameters of the Mg-V and Mg-Zr alloys was also undertaken in order to investigate the electronic changes that take place upon alloying Mg with V and Zr. Charge transfer between 0.09 and 0.11 electrons/atom from Mg to V as well as changes in the V d charge were calculated by measuring the Mg and V Auger parameters and using the charge transfer model of Thomas and Weightman. Electron transfer between 0.02 and 0.03 electrons/atom from Mg to Zr was also found to occur upon alloying Mg with Zr. The electron transfer has been related to changes in crystal structure. The Mg-V and Mg-Zr alloys were examined after immersion in 3 wt% NaCl solution for 5 and 15 minutes, 9 hours and 7 days. The dramatic increase in the corrosion rate of the Mg-V alloys was attributed to the precipitation of pure V. The unsatisfactory corrosion performance of the Mg-V alloys was attributed to the absence of compositional uniformity through the thickness of the Mg-V deposits and the low thermodynamic stability of the corrosion products in the saline environment. Hydromagnesite at the outermost surface and Mg(OH)2, MgO and V2O4 in the bulk of the corrosion layer were the corrosion products. MgH2 and areas enriched in metallic V within the bulk of the corrosion products were also detected. The low corrosion rates of the Mg-Zr alloys, the lowest ever reported for Mg alloys, were attributed to the nature of the corrosion products and particularly the Zr contribution. The corrosion products were enriched in Zr, and were non-porous and in many cases well adherent. X-ray and electron diffraction suggested the existence of only Mg(OH)2 and MgO in the corrosion products, indirectly implying the participation of zirconium oxide/hydroxide in an amorphous/nanocrystalline state. Surface analysis indicated that a Zr oxide coexisted with Mg(OH)2 and MgO below a magnesium carbonate overlayer and also suggested the existence of Zr hydrous oxide (hydroxide). The repetition of the substrate pattern, as well as the fact that Zr hydroxide was replaced with ZrO2 and Zr sub-oxide as the metal-oxide interface was approached, implied a corrosion mechanism involving inwards diffusion of the anionic species.

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Bhat, Panemangalore Devadas. "Development of magnesium-based alloys for biomedical applications." Thesis, Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R002.

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Étant donné leur capacité à se dégrader à l'intérieur du corps, les implants biodégradables ont fait l'objet de nombreuses recherches médicales. Parmi tous les matériaux, c'est le magnésium, un élément indispensable du corps humain, qui conduit aux résultats les plus favorables car son module d'Young est similaire à celui de l'os. De ce fait, les méthodes adoptées afin d'améliorer le comportement du magnésium pur vis-à-vis de la corrosion sont les suivantes: a)Ajout d'éléments d'alliage comme le zinc, le calcium et l'erbium (Mg-2Zn-2Er, Mg-2Zn-0.6Ca-1Er, etc.) pour contrôler le comportement de dégradation b) Procédés secondaires tels que l'extrusion pour modifier sa microstructure c)Revêtements de surface à base de fluorure pour mieux protéger la surface. La première partie de cette thèse porte sur la caractérisation microstructurale d'alliages. La caractérisation microstructurale révèle la présence de MgZn2, de phases W (Mg3Zn3Er2) et i (Mg3Zn6Er) dans différents alliages. L'évaluation des propriétés mécaniques a révélé une augmentation des propriétés de traction et de compression des alliages ternaires et quaternaires par rapport aux alliages de Mg et de Mg-2Zn. Ces propriétés mécaniques améliorées sont attribuées à une réduction de la taille des grains, à la présence d'atomes de soluté et à des phases secondaires. Mg-2Zn-2Er et Mg-3Zn-0.5Er présentaient une résistance à la corrosion améliorée en raison de la microstructure à granulométrie fine et d'une répartition uniforme des phases secondaires. La viabilité cellulaire a été améliorée avec l'épaisseur du temps de revêtement et ces alliages pourraient servir de candidats potentiels pour d'autres tests in vivo
With the ability to bio-degrade and thereby reducing the stress-shielding effect, biodegradable implants are of great importance in medical research. Among all the materials, magnesium is the one which shows promising results being bio-degradable and with the properties comparable with its young's modulus to that of bones. In the present study, the approaches adopted to improve the mechanical and corrosion behaviors of pure magnesium using carefully chosen: (a) Alloying elements like zinc, calcium and erbium (Mg-2Zn-2Er, Mg-2Zn-0.6Ca-1Er, etc.) to control the degradation behavior (b) Secondary processes like extrusion to alter and improve the microstructure (c) Surface treatments like fluoride coatings to further protect the surface to resist the rapid dissolution. The first part of this thesis focuses on the microstructural characterization of as-DMDed and as-extruded alloys. The microstructural characterization (XRD and TEM) reveals the presence of MgZn2, W-phase (Mg3Zn3Er2) and i-phases (Mg3Zn6Er) in different alloys. The mechanical property assessment revealed an increment in the tensile and compressive properties of ternary and quaternary alloys as compared to pure Mg and Mg-2Zn binary alloy. These values are attributed to a reduction in grain size, presence of solute atoms and secondary phases. Mg-2Zn-2Er and Mg-3Zn-0.5Er showed enhanced corrosion resistance due to the fine grain sized microstructure and a uniform distribution of secondary phases. The cell viability values were enhanced with increased coating time and it was found that these alloys could serve as potential candidates for further in-vivo tests to establish their applicability

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Reis, Bárbara Araújo dos. "Avaliação das propriedades de superfície de ligas de titânio anodizadas com elementos bioativos /." Araraquara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153482.

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Orientador: Luis Geraldo Vaz
Resumo: O titânio comercialmente puro e suas ligas vêm sendo amplamente utilizados para confecção de implantes dentários e ortopédicos devido à adequada resistência mecânica, resistência à corrosão e biocompatibilidade. Entretanto, para aprimorar o tratamento com o uso de implantes, novas ligas e novos tratamentos de superfície vêm sendo pesquisados. A técnica de funcionalização de superfície, baseada em processos úmidos, é amplamente utilizada para desenvolver superfícies a base de óxido de titânio que induza e aumente a osseocondução. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a superfície de discos de Ti-6Al-4V e Ti-35Nb-7Zr-Ta após anodização para funcionalização com íons cálcio (Ca) e fósforo (P) ou fluoreto e dopagem com magnésio (Mg++) em diferentes condições experimentais, sendo a liga Ti-6Al-4V utilizada como controle. As ligas foram analisadas antes e após a realização dos tratamentos (anodização e dopagem), para avaliação das propriedades de superfície- composição química, energia livre de superfície (ELS), morfologia/ topografia e rugosidade média (Ra). Para interpretação dos resultados referentes a ELS e Ra foi aplicado teste estatístico por um operador cego, de acordo com o tipo de distribuição e nível de significância de 5%. As micrografias obtidas demonstraram que a anodização com Ca e P propiciou a formação de superfícies com poros interconectados e a anodização com ácido fluorídrico (HF) resultou em superfícies com formação de nanotubos. Todos íons adicionados ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Commercially pure titanium and its alloys have been widely used in the manufacture of dental and orthopedic implants due to adequate mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. However, to improve the treatment with the use of implants to optimize osseointegration, new alloys and new surface treatments have been researched. The surface functionalization technique, based on wet processes, is widely used to develop titanium oxide based surfaces that induce and increase osseoconduction. The aim of this study was to characterize the surface of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-35Nb-7Zr-Ta discs after anodization for functionalization with calcium ions (Ca) and phosphorus (P) or fluoride and doping with magnesium (Mg ++) in different experimental conditions. The Ti-6Al-4V alloy was used as a control. The alloys were analyzed before and after the treatments (anodization and doping), to evaluate the surface properties - chemical composition, surface free energy (ELS), morphology / topography and medium roughness (Ra). For the interpretation of the ELS and Ra results, a statistical test was applied according to the type of distribution and level of significance of 5%. The obtained micrographs showed that the anodization with Ca and P allowed the formation of surfaces with interconnected pores and the anodization with hydrofluoric acid resulted in surfaces with formation of nanotubes. All ions added to the electrolytes were incorporated into the samples, detected by ELS. The roughn... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Kecik, Deniz. "Ab Initio Design Of Novel Magnesium Alloys For Hydrogen Storage." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609722/index.pdf.

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A candidate hydrogen storing material should have high storage capacity and fast dehydrogenation kinetics. On this basis, magnesium hydride (MgH2) is an outstanding compound with 7.66 wt % storage capacity, despite its slow dehydriding kinetics and high desorption temperature. Therefore in this study, bulk and surface alloys of Mg with improved hydrogen desorption characteristics were investigated. In this respect, formation energies of alloyed bulk MgH2 as well as the adsorption energies on alloyed magnesium (Mg) and MgH2 surface structures were calculated by total energy pseudopotential methods. Furthermore, the effect of substitutionally placed dopants on the dissociation of hydrogen molecule (H2) at the surface of Mg was studied via Molecular Dynamics (MD). The results displayed that 31 out of 32 selected dopants contributed to the decrease in formation energy of MgH2 within a range of ~ 37 kJ/mol-H2 where only Sr did not exhibit any such effect. The most favorable elements in this respect came out to be
P, K, Tl, Si, Sn, Ag, Pb, Au, Na, v Mo, Ge and In. Afterwards, a systematical study within adsorption characteristics of hydrogen on alloyed Mg surfaces (via dynamic calculations) as well as calculations regarding adsorption energies of the impurity elements were performed. Accordingly, Mo and Ni yielded lower adsorption energies
-9.2626 and -5.2995 eV for substitutionally alloyed surfaces, respectively. MD simulations presented that Co is found to have a splitting effect on H2 in 50 fs, where the first hydrogen atom is immediately adsorbed on Mg substrate. Finally, charge density distributions were realized to verify the distinguished effects of most 3d and 4d transition metals in terms of their catalyzer effects.

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Books on the topic "Magnesium alloys Surfaces"

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Surface engineering of light alloys: Aluminium, magnesium and titanium alloys. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2010.

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Dong, Hanshan. Surface Engineering of Light Alloys: Aluminium, Magnesium and Titanium Alloys. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2010.

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Riley, Alano. Magnesium Alloys: Corrosion and Surface Treatments. Scitus Academics LLC, 2017.

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Magnesium Alloys - Corrosion and Surface Treatments. InTech, 2011.

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Czerwinski, Frank, ed. Magnesium Alloys - Corrosion and Surface Treatments. InTech, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/1427.

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Surface Modification of Magnesium and its Alloys for Biomedical Applications. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2013-0-16447-1.

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Surface Modification of Magnesium and its Alloys for Biomedical Applications. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2013-0-16448-3.

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T. S. N. Sankara Narayanan, Min-Ho Lee, and Il-Song Park. Surface Modification of Magnesium and Its Alloys for Biomedical Applications: Modification and Coating Techniques. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2015.

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T. S. N. Sankara Narayanan, II-Song Park, and Min-Ho Lee. Surface Modification of Magnesium and Its Alloys for Biomedical Applications : Volume II: Modification and Coating Techniques. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2015.

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T. S. N. Sankara Narayanan, Min-Ho Lee, and Il-Song Park. Surface Modification of Magnesium and Its Alloys for Biomedical Applications: Biological Interactions, Mechanical Properties and Testing. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Magnesium alloys Surfaces"

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Saji, Viswanathan S. "Superhydrophobic Surfaces by Conversion Coatings." In Conversion Coatings for Magnesium and its Alloys, 395–411. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89976-9_18.

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Dong, Xuecheng. "Surface Treatments for Magnesium Alloys." In Handbook of Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, 3031–54. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4670-4_49.

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Dong, Xuecheng. "Surface Treatments for Magnesium Alloys." In Handbook of Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, 1–21. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4976-7_49-1.

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Guerci, G., C. Mus, and Kevin Stewart. "Surface Treatments for Large Automotive Magnesium Components." In Magnesium Alloys and their Applications, 484–91. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607552.ch77.

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Kutschera, U., and R. Galun. "Wear Behaviour of Laser Surface Treated Magnesium Alloys." In Magnesium Alloys and their Applications, 330–35. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607552.ch52.

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Dobrzański, Leszek A. "Effect of Heat and Surface Treatment on the Structure and Properties of the Mg-Al-Zn-Mn Casting Alloys." In Magnesium and Its Alloys, 91–202. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2020] | Series: Metals and alloys: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351045476-5.

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Gadow, R., F. J. Gammel, F. Lehnert, D. Scherer, and J. I. Skar. "Coating System for Magnesium Diecastings in Class A Surface Quality." In Magnesium Alloys and their Applications, 492–98. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607552.ch78.

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Virtanen, Sannakaisa, and Ben Fabry. "Corrosion, Surface Modification, and Biocompatibility of Mg and Mg Alloys." In Magnesium Technology 2011, 409–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48223-1_77.

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Virtanen, Sannakaisa, and Ben Fabry. "Corrosion, Surface Modification and Biocompatibility of Mg and Mg Alloys." In Magnesium Technology 2011, 409–12. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118062029.ch77.

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Hilpert, Matthias, and Lothar Wagner. "Effect of Mechanical Surface Treatment and Environment on Fatigue of Wrought Magnesium Alloys." In Magnesium Alloys and their Applications, 463–68. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607552.ch74.

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Conference papers on the topic "Magnesium alloys Surfaces"

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Yayoglu, Yahya E., Nathan D. Gallant, Ryan Toomey, and Nathan B. Crane. "Effects of Laser Ablation Parameters to Pattern High Purity Magnesium Surfaces." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11810.

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Abstract Magnesium and magnesium-based alloys have relatively low weight and desirable mechanical properties for many applications in multiple industries including aerospace and automotive. In the past decade, due to its biocompatible nature, the medical field has expressed significant interest in magnesium for biodegradable implant applications. However, utilization of magnesium-based alloys in surgical implant applications is strictly limited by magnesium’s high vulnerability to corrosion causing premature disintegration inside the human body. Hydrophobic (non-wetting) behavior of metal surfaces has been proven to be beneficial for corrosion protection in academic literature. One way of achieving hydrophobic and super-hydrophobic surfaces on metal surfaces without using non-biocompatible coatings is creating uniform microstructures that would alter the wetting characteristics of the surface. This work focuses on creating uniform pillar shaped micro-patterns on smooth pure magnesium surfaces by utilizing a picosecond laser (λ = 355 nm). The study reports the effects of average laser power, partial laser beam overlap and number of laser scans on the height, steepness, roughness of the resultant micro-pillars. Information gathered from this study could be useful in creating more complex or finer micro-structures on magnesium and its alloys to alter their wetting or corrosion characteristics using laser ablation which is a fast, repeatable and an un-convoluted process.

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Fialkova, Svitlana, Honglin Zhang, Zhigang Xu, and Jagannathan Sankar. "Effect of Sample Preparation on Volta Potential Measurements of Plastically Deformed Mg-Al Alloys." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11783.

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Abstract The low corrosion resistance of Mg alloys is the major challenge that slows down the actual application of these lightweight materials. Magnesium has a more negative standard reduction potential than common alloying elements — aluminum and zinc. The formation of local galvanic couples was reported in AZ31-AZ91 alloys due to precipitation of secondary phases, and it was suggested that these galvanic couples provided initiation sites for localized pitting corrosion. Scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) technique is a precise tool to study the Volta potential distribution on surfaces. Since the lateral resolution of SKPFM maps can reach several nanometers, the technique can be used to detect the deformation-induced formation of nano-particles and phases nucleates. However, the precision of the measurements is affected by several factors: tip-sample distance, humidity, the roughness of the surface and tip characteristics, i.e. tip radius, conductivity, and stiffness. Taking into account that magnesium surface is commonly covered by the self-forming oxide layer, which is reducing electrical sensitivity of the tip, the sample preparation and handling can be considered the major factor that affects the quality of measurements by SKPFM. The aim of our work was to investigate different alternative sample preparation methods for SKPFM and to compare the results (Volta potential maps and topography) with the optical, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy maps. The samples were prepared by mechanical polishing, mechanical polishing followed by chemical etching and mechanical polishing followed by ion-milling. For our study, we used a laboratory hot-rolled magnesium-aluminum alloy samples and analysis were focused on typical metallurgical features: surface topography, intermetallic nano-particules and phases nucleates, grain boundary precipitates and grain boundaries.

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Harooni, Masoud, Fanrong Kong, Blair Carlson, and Radovan Kovacevic. "Mitigation of Pore Generation in Laser Welding of Magnesium Alloy AZ31B in Lap Joint Configuration." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89073.

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Magnesium, as the lightest structural metal, has been widely used in the automotive and aerospace industries. Porosity is the main issue in the welding of magnesium alloys and can be caused by surface coatings, hydrogen gas, pre-existing porosity, the collapse of an unstable keyhole and vaporization of alloying elements. In this study, the effect of the oxide layer on pore generation in the welding of AZ31B-H24 magnesium alloy is investigated. A fiber laser with a power of up to 4 kW is used to weld samples in a lap joint configuration. Two groups of samples are studied: as received (AR) surfaces (where an oxide layer remains on the surface) and treated surfaces. The surface treatment includes two techniques: mechanical removal (MR) and the use of a plasma arc (PA) as a preheating source. Also, a separate set of experiments are designed for preheating samples in a furnace in order to investigate whether the pore mitigation effect of a plasma arc is caused by preheating. Observations include a weld bead profile achieved through optical microscopy, chemical compositions tested by Electron Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), and mechanical properties measured with a tensile test. The results obtained show that the preheating effect of a plasma arc procedure can effectively mitigate pore generation. The tensile-shear results reveal that PA samples have a higher strength than other groups of samples.

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Salahshoor, M., and Y. B. Guo. "Effects of Surface Integrity on In-Vitro Corrosion of Biodegradable Magnesium-Calcium Orthopedic Implants." In ASME 2011 6th Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/biomed2011-66003.

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Biodegradable magnesium-calcium (MgCa) alloys are capable of gradually dissolving and becoming absorbed in the human body after implantation. The critical issue that hinders the application of MgCa implants is their fast corrosion rate in human body fluids. A promising approach to tackle this issue is to tailor surface integrity of orthopedic implants for tuning the corrosion kinetic. The synergistic dry cutting and burnishing is used in this study to modify surface integrity of MgCa0.8 (wt%) implants for controlled corrosion performance. The effects of cutting speed and rolling force, as key parameters in the synergistic dry cutting-finish burnishing, on the electrochemical responses of the processed surfaces are investigated in the simulated body fluid (SBF). Potentiodynamic polarization curves are measured, and morphology and elemental composition of corroded surfaces are studied utilizing scan electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.

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Peng, Fei, Can Yang, Chunbo Li, Huan Yang, and Xiao-Hong Yin. "Material Dependent Laser-Induced Patterns for Metal-Plastic Hybrids Directly Jointed Using Injection Molding." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24540.

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Abstract In the present work, the nanosecond-pulsed laser micro machining was applied to induce surface patterns with three different metals (i.e., titanium, aluminum as well as magnesium alloys) for producing metal-plastic hybrid (MPH) joints by injection molding. Specifically, laser variables such as the scanning speed, laser frequency, and scan repetition were altered to obtain different surface patterns. The surface morphologies were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). It’s found from SEM observations that due to the thermal ablation of the laser, micro patterns such as grooves and protrusions exist on all metal surfaces. However, distinct morphologies can be seen for different metals, with the most variable microstructures for the titanium alloy. Moreover, the surface wettability to the distilled water for all metal surfaces was examined with a contact angle measuring instrument. It’s shown that the contact angle characterizing the surface hydrophilicity is not necessarily related to process condition but surface morphologies. The tensile tests of the injection molded MPH joints showed that the titanium alloy surfaces with bumpy morphology facilitated forming micro-scale mechanical interlocking between the metal and the plastic, leading to enhanced MPH joint strength.

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Fialkova, Svitlana, Zhigang Xu, Devdas Pai, and Jagannathan Sankar. "Scanning Kelvin Probe Microscopy Study of Mg-Zn-Ca Alloys." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72285.

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This study focused on understanding the interactions between alloying elements in a magnesium (Mg) matrix and the effect of the alloying elements on corrosion behavior of Mg-alloys. The development of atomic force microscope (AFM) techniques has enabled the evaluation of physical and chemical properties of surfaces at the sub-micron level. Scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) is particularly useful for studying localized corrosion phenomena of alloys. SKPFM generates a map of the potential distribution across a sample with a resolution of probe tip radius, nowadays ranging from 5 to 30 nm. Furthermore, the open circuit potential of various pure metals in solution is linearly related to the Volta potential value measured in air immediately after exposure to corrosive media. SKPFM is a useful tool to practically assess the nobility of a surface. This technique has been applied to the heterogeneous microstructure of Mg-Zn-Ca-RE (RE = Zr, Nd, Ga) alloys and provided clear evidence regarding the shape, position, compositional inhomogeneities and local practical nobility of intermetallic particles. Correlation between the measured potential distribution and the reactivity of these particles has been shown. Atomic force lithography (AFL, scratching with the hard tip) is a controlled method for local disruption of the protective oxide film that naturally formed on an Mg-surface in air. Combining SKPFM and AFL, the stability of the passive film and the tendency for stabilization of localized corrosion can be monitored. In addition, the lateral imaging capabilities of the AFM provide an approach to study the role of different microstructural features such as grain boundaries and impurities in the process of inducing localized corrosion.

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Albinmousa, Jafar, Hussain Al-Dakheel, Idris Temitope, Jihad Al-Sadah, and Raashid Muhammad. "Fatigue Crack Analysis of Magnesium ZK60 V-Notched Specimen Using X-Ray Tomography." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24562.

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Abstract Magnesium alloys are attractive lightweight structural materials that have the potential to be used in aerospace, automotive and medical industries. However, fatigue is a major cause of failure in structural components. It is also known that notches, which are unavoidable, have a detrimental effect on fatigue resistance. Fatigue damage is associated with the formation of crack(s). Therefore, it is necessary to understand the fatigue crack growth behavior for better design analysis. In this research, a V-notched specimen machined from ZK60 magnesium extrusion is tested under cyclic axial loading. Fatigue experiment was performed under completely reserved force-controlled loading with an amplitude of 12 kN and under standard laboratory conditions. The fatigue test was interrupted 14 times in order to perform ex-situ x-ray tomographic analysis using the Nikon XTH 225 ST system. The sample failed after 184,005 cycles. A gray-level thresholding process was performed using MATLAB on the selected slices to convert each pixel to either white or black color. Then, these slices were stacked using imaging software to make 2D representations of the crack surface at different cycles. As a result, the areas of the crack surfaces were measured for all scans. The result suggests an exponential relationship between the crack surface area and the number of cycles.

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Nagapillai Durairaj, Senthil Ram, Thulasirajan Ganesan, and Praveen Chakrapani Rao. "Vibration Analysis on Magnesium Alloy Housing and Analysis of Resonant Frequency on the Housing between Magnesium and Aluminium Alloy." In International Conference on Advances in Design, Materials, Manufacturing and Surface Engineering for Mobility. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-28-1969.

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Majumdar, Bhaskar, Rolf Galun, and Barry Leslie Mordike. "Excimer laser treatment of magnesium alloy surface." In ICALEO® 2000: Proceedings of the Laser Materials Processing Conference. Laser Institute of America, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5059457.

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Cai, Qianqian, Jinkai Xu, Zhongxu Lian, Zhanjiang Yu, Huadong Yu, and Jian Li. "Superhydrophobic magnesium alloy surface with corrosion resistance." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3m-nano49087.2021.9599746.

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Reports on the topic "Magnesium alloys Surfaces"

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Liventseva, Hanna. THE MINERAL RESOURCES OF UKRAINE. Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Geólogos, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21028/hl.2022.05.17.

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Ukraine is one of the leading countries of the world in a wide range of minerals. Although it covers only 0.4% of the Earth’s surface, contains about 5% of the world’s mineral resources. It ranks top-10 of the world for several raw materials (metallic and non-metallic) such as titanium, ball clays, Fe-Mn & Fe-Si-Mn alloys and gallium. Lithium, graphite or magnesium, among others, are also present in Ukraine. The abundance and diversity of minerals and metals is due to the complexity and variety of the Ukrainian geology. This article presents the main metallic and non-metallic mineral resources of Ukraine and its geological context.

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