Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Magnésien'
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Fremal, Yves. "Utilisation potentielle en forêt d'un nouveau type d'amendement calcaro-magnésien :la dolomie semi-décarbonatée (CaCO3 - MgO)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213092.
Full textAngeli, Nicolas. "Evolution de la composition chimique des ruisseaux vosgiens : Analyse rétrospective et effet d'un amendement calco-magnésien." Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2006_0096_ANGELI.pdf.
Full textOur work is based on (1) a functional analysis of a long term in the chemical composition of streams since fifty-years, (2) an experimental liming of catchments. The historical analysis showed an acidification and a continuous demineralization of water draining sandstone since fifty years. The acidity and the mineralization of streams draining granites rich on weatherable minerals have decreased since thirty years. In the area covered by granites rich in Na plagioclase, which is drained by many acid streams, mineralization has decreased since twenty years and Al concentration have decreased since ten years, without pH changes. The experimental input of dolomite and dolomitic limestone, gypsum and KCl has caused a sudden and durable increase in Ca, Mg and pH in the stream of granitic catchment riche in sodium plagioclase. The dynamic of chloride showed a rapid contribution of soil waters to the humid area and stream, while a small fraction has infiltrated deeper into the soil. On sandstone, except a direct effect during the flood following the liming, the increase of concentrations was very small. The majority of chloride, Ca and Mg are infiltrated deeper into the permeable sandy soils, without contributing directly to the stream flow. Hydrologic, isotopic, chemical arguments suggest that the mean residence time of water and mineral elements in catchment is of several decades This work supports the scientific material for a reasoned politic of acidity correction of stream water in the Vosges mountains
Mohamed, Ahmed Daldoum. "Rôle du facteur édaphique dans le fonctionnement biogéochimique et l'état de santé de deux pessières vosgiennes : effet d'un amendement calci-magnésien." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10345.
Full textGodart, Catherine. "Influence de l'environnement marin sur la formation du dépot calco-magnesien." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ECAP0992.
Full textLahalle, Hugo. "Conditionnement de l'aluminium métallique dans les ciments phospho-magnésiens." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOS048/document.
Full textThis work deals with the stabilization / solidification of radioactive waste using cement.More particularly, it aims at assessing the chemical compatibility between metallic aluminum and mortars based on magnesium phosphate cement. The physical and chemical processes leading to setting and hardening of the cement are first investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TGA) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P and11B MAS-NMR) arefirst used to characterize the solid phases formed during hydration, while inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy analysis (ICP-AES), electrical conductimetry and pH measurementsprovide information on the pore solution composition. Then,the corrosion of metallic aluminum in magnesium phosphate mortars is studied by monitoring the equilibrium potential and by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).Magnesium phosphate cement is prepared from a mix of magnesium oxide (MgO) and potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (KH2PO4). In the presence of water, hydration occurs according to a dissolution – precipitation process. The main hydrate is K-struvite (MgKPO4.6H2O). Its precipitation is preceded by that of two transient phases: phosphorrösslerite (MgHPO4.7H2O) and Mg2KH(PO4)2.15H2O. Boric acid retards cement hydration by delaying theformation of cement hydrates. Two processes may be involved in this retardation: the initial precipitation of amorphous or poorly crystallized minerals containing boron and phosphorus atoms, and/or the stabilization of cations (Mg2+, K+) in solution.As compared with a Portland cement-based matrix, corrosion of aluminum is strongly limited in magnesium phosphate mortar. The pore solution pH is close to neutrality and falls within the passivation domain of aluminum. Corrosion depends on several parameters: it is promoted by a water-to-cement ratio (w/c) significantly higher than the chemical water demand of cement (w/c = 0.51), and by the addition of boric acid. On the contrary, lithium nitrate, dissolved in the mixing solution, acts as a corrosion inhibitor.A 4-step mechanism makes it possible to model the impedance diagrams. The evolution of the corrosion rate and of the amount of dihydrogen released with ongoing hydration is then calculated The results are in good agreement with the experimental determination of the H2 production by aluminum sheets embedded in magnesium phosphate mortar
Rosati, Emmanuelle. "Étude de l'influence des sels de fer sur les propriétés des ciments magnésiens." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10405.
Full textCarré, Charlotte. "Rôle de la pollution par les métaux et de leur captage par un dépôt calco-magnésien formé en volume sur acier galvanisé en eau de mer." Thesis, Nouvelle Calédonie, 2017. http://portail-documentaire.unc.nc/files/public/bu/theses_unc/these_-_charlotte_carre1.pdf.
Full textThe objective of this work is to divert the well-known cathodic protection process used to prevent metal structures against marine from corrosion, in order to develop an efficient tool for metal remediation in seawater. One of the consequences of this kind of protection is the formation of the calcareous deposit on the surface of the metal. The deposit is composed of a mixture of brucite Mg(OH)2 et aragonite CaCO3 and is formed by the precipitation of calcium and magnesium ions in seawater. The idea is to trap metallic pollutant in the calcareous deposit.First, the growth of the deposit has been studied on galvanized iron wires as a function of the impressed current and physical and chemical properties of the seawater. We found that variable values of the impressed current allow to control the proportion brucite/aragonite in the deposit. Increasing experiments duration and high water stirring speed favors the aragonite, and high temperatures modify the surface properties of the calcareous deposit.In the second part the nickel and lead trapping capacity of the deposit is studied in artificial seawater. We have demonstrated that the method works, and its efficiency depends on the impressed current. Material
Aggoun, Kahina. "Renforcement de la résistance à la corrosion marine du revêtement CeO2 par dépôt calcomagnésien, calcaire et magnésien : Synthèse, caractérisations et tests de corrosion en eau de mer artificielle." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LAROS014.
Full textSince the restriction of the use of chromium (VI) based compounds by a European directive (Directive 2000/53/EC) due to its high toxicity towards the environment, the compounds based on rare earths such as cerium oxide were used a lot as alternatives to conventional Cr(VI) treatments on many metal alloys, due to their eco-friendly and comparable properties. However, CeO2 coatings are characterized by a highly porous and cracked morphology, which limits their protection in very aggressive media such as seawater. This thesis project aims to improve the corrosion resistance of these layers oxide by filling its open defects, by the formation of calcareous, calcium carbonate or magnesium hydroxide deposit obtained by cathodic electrodeposition on CeO2 layer deposited on a low alloyed steel. Surface analyses permitted to identify the morphological and structural properties of these mixed layers as well as their chemical composition. While the immersion tests in artificial seawater have determined the marine anticorrosion performances of the deposits. The mixed coating Mg(OH)2/CeO2 has shown a particular interest against the marine corrosion of steel, by the dissolution of the brucite layer which combine both passive and active protection true the formation of Aragonite inside and above the ceria layer and the steel passivation
Arruda, Cezar Carvalho de. "Processos de hidroxilação do óxido de magnésio (MgO): sínter e magnésia cáustica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18158/tde-14072014-112443/.
Full textThe use of MgO in refractories is restrict due to the easy reaction with water forming magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2). Its lower density causes compressive stresses that can crack their structure. On the other hand, for applications such as the production of flame retardant agents for polymer composites and pH correcting of contaminated soil, this reaction is necessary. Empirical observations in the literature have shown that different sources of MgO have district levels of chemical reactiveness. The present study analyzed the main structural differences between the two main sources of MgO (magnesia sinter and caustic magnesia): particle morphology, density and specific surface area. The mechanisms of hydroxylation of these raw materials in aqueous suspensions and their effects were followed by hydroxylation tests, X-ray diffraction, ionic conductivity, density, specific surface area and scanning electron microscopy. They were associated with the physical characteristics morphological, chemical of these MgO sources. The impact of external variables (e.g., heat release during the reaction or the sample volume), that was not yet completely understood, was also evaluated through temperature measurements carried out in situ and hydroxylation degree accessed by thermogravimetry. The effects of samples volume and solid concentration in aqueous suspension were also investigated. The results showed that differences between the ambient temperature and reaction inside sample temperature can affect the kinetics of hydroxylation of the material. The samples volume and solids concentration can also enhance significantly the effects of heat release and generate gradients of hydroxylation. It was also found out that the morphology and the amount of Mg(OH)2 formed can change depending on the precursor and on the time-temperature conditions.
Rousseau, Christelle. "Étude du dépôt calco-magnésien formé sous protection cathodique : influence des sédiments marins en eau de mer naturelle, influence des argiles en eau de mer artificielle, impact environnemental de l'utilisation d'anodes sacrificielles." Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN2001.
Full textIn marine environment, protection against corrosion is generally applied by cathodic protection. This technique induces the formation of an insulating deposit, named calcareous deposit, which improves protection efficiency. But, the tests realised in natural sea water indicate that the calcareous deposit formation is highly delayed when marine sediments are present, whereas the energy required for the cathodic protection are reduced. This delay might be explained by sediments presence that reinforces the Mg deposit, which initializes the calcareous deposit formation. The influence of three clays (main sediments constituents) on calcareous deposit formation in artificial sea water was studied. The results obtained depend on the clay’s nature. The affinity of montmorillonite for Mg2+ delays calcareous deposit formation by in situ Mg deposit reinforcement. Kaolinite favours this Mg deposit too and prevents the calcium carbonate deposition. Finally, the affinity of chlorite for Ca2+ speeds up the calcareous formation. Investigations in semi natural conditions show that the sacrificial anodes used induces zinc sea water contamination. The solubilized zinc can be transferred to surface sediments, which then become a secondary pollution source, as the sorbed labile zinc can be mobilized to sea water
Paula, Gustavo Rocha de. "Efeito da calcinação da magnésia precipitada sobre o processamento de cimentos de fosfato de magnésio." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/702.
Full textUniversidade Federal de Sao Carlos
It is great the interest for materials synthesized at room temperature because they represent an alternative for the current problems of energy. The class of magnesia phosphate cements belongs to this group, being mouldable ceramics that combine low density and good mechanical strength in a short period of time. The main disadvantage of these materials resides in their cost, even high if compared to Portland cement. The calcination stage of the magnesium oxide (MgO), necessary due to the high reactivity of that oxide with phosphates, is especially costly, besides the need of the addition of retardants to increase the setting time of these cements. The present work aimed to study forms of increasing the setting time of these cements and to evaluate alternatives to decrease the calcination temperature of MgO powders. Techniques such as X ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, Hg porosimetry, He picnometry, and analyses of particle size distribution, specific surface area, apparent density and compression strength were used for the characterization of the calcined MgO powders and the cements. In a scientific-technological point of view, the main contribution of this work was the use of both liquid phase former additives and the microwave radiation for the calcination of MgO. In these conditions powders with appropriate particle size distributions and low specific surface areas were produced, which led to cements with longer reaction time and high mechanical strength. The microwave assisted calcination of MgO powders at 900 oC, with microwave absorbing raw materials, resulted in cements with superior properties when compared to those ones produced with powders calcined in conventional furnaces at 1100 oC. Another advantage was a heating rate five times faster and the temperature dwell four times shorter than those ones used in conventional firing. Such facts demonstrate the promising use of additives and the microwave firing to decrease the temperature of calcination of MgO and optimize the properties of magnesia phosphate cements.
É grande o interesse por materiais sintetizados a temperatura ambiente, pois representam uma alternativa para os atuais problemas de energia. Deste grupo faz parte a classe dos cimentos de fosfato de magnésio, cerâmicas moldáveis que combinam baixa densidade e boa resistência mecânica em curtos intervalos de tempo. A principal desvantagem destes materiais reside em seu custo, ainda elevado se comparado ao cimento Portland. A etapa de calcinação do óxido de magnésio (MgO), necessária devido a elevada reatividade desse óxido com fosfatos é sobretudo onerosa, sem falar da necessidade da adição de retardantes afim de aumentar o tempo de pega destes cimentos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos estudar formas de se aumentar o tempo de pega destes cimentos, e avaliar alternativas para se diminuir a temperatura de calcinação do MgO. Para tanto foram utilizadas as técnicas de difratometria de raios X, espectroscopia de infravermelho, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, porosimetria de Hg, picnometria de He, e medidas de distribuição de tamanhos de partículas, área superficial específica, densidade aparente e resistência mecânica a compressão para caracterização dos pós de MgO e dos cimentos. Sob o ponto de vista cientifico-tecnológico, a principal contribuição deste trabalho foi o emprego tanto de aditivos formadores de fase líquida quanto do forno de microondas para a calcinação do MgO. Nessas condições foram obtidos pós com adequada distribuição de tamanhos de partículas e baixa área superficial, que levaram a cimentos com maior tempo de reação e alta resistência mecânica. A calcinação do MgO em microondas à 900 oC, na presença de matérias primas absorvedoras desta radiação, resultou em cimentos com propriedades superiores aos obtidos com pós calcinados em forno convencional em temperaturas da ordem de 1100 oC. Outra vantagem foi a utilização de uma taxa de aquecimento cinco vezes maior e um tempo de patamar quatro vezes menor comparada à queima convencional. Tal fato vem a demonstrar o uso promissor da aditivação e da queima em forno de microondas para a diminuição da temperatura de calcinação do MgO e otimização das propriedades dos cimentos de fosfato de magnésio.
Court, Mélanie. "Étude des cycles du Ca et Mg dans cinq hêtraies du nord de la France et des modifications induites par un amendement calco-magnésien : utilisation combinée des approches élémentaires et isotopiques (δ26/24Mg, δ44/40Ca et 87Sr/86Sr)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0248/document.
Full textIn France, many forest ecosystems grow on acidic and nutrient poor soils. In numerous cases, the chemical fertility of forest soils is slowly degrading due to increasing external pressures (e.g. decreasing atmospheric inputs, increasing biomass exportations) and is a growing concern in the international forest community. Forest management often must resort to restauration/remediation practices to ensure the sustainability of the ecosystem. Forest liming with a carbonate product is a known practice to reduce soil acidity, globally improve the ecosystem functioning and compensate nutrient losses caused by biomass harvest and exportation. However, our understanding of the effects of liming on magnesium and calcium biogeochemical processes and cycling in forest ecosystems is still incomplete. This study focuses on the fate of magnesium and calcium originating from the dissolution of liming products in the soils and trees of five beech forests located in Northern France over a period up to 45 years. In order to do so, “conventional” total-element approaches were combined with a multi-isotopic approach (26/24Mg, 44/40Ca et 87/86Sr). At all five sites, the data measured in control plots throughout the study period suggest that the exchangeable pools of nutrient cations in the soil has decreased over the last several decades and that this trend, together with the low chemical fertility level of the soil, was reflected in foliar nutrition (Ca, Mg, K, P). Compared to the control plots, soil exchangeable pools of Mg and Ca in the 0-40cm layer in the limed plots increased during the first decade after liming but differences were no longer observable in soil pools after 20 to 30 years. However, the effect of liming on tree nutrition was still observed after 40 years, most probably because the biological cycling of these elements was enhanced by the lime input. The ecosystem response to the lime input varied between sites depending on the nature of the liming product (CaCO3 or Ca-MgCO3) and the initial chemical fertility level of the soil, the poorest sites showing the strongest responses. The natural variations of Mg, Ca and Sr isotopic ratios combined with conventional approaches highlight the importance of the BIO component of the biogeochemical cycling of Mg and Ca in the studied low chemical fertility beech forests. These isotopic tools also enabled to show the long-lasting incorporation of the Mg and Ca released from the liming product in the biological cycle and highlight the changes in the biogeochemical functioning of these forest ecosystems after the liming operation
De, Campos Matthieu. "Valorisation de matière faiblement radioactive comme réactif dans la synthèse de matrices cimentaires." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R016.
Full textIn the context of pressurized water nuclear reactors (PWRs), fuel fabrication generates low-level radioactive materials in the form of low-reactivity and relatively dense metal oxides. These materials, in the form of aggregates, are currently stored pending their reuse in nuclear fuel or in alternative solutions. This thesis studies their valorization as additives in the synthesis of cement matrices (pastes and mortars), for the development of shielding materials against ionizing radiation, such as γ rays. The state of the art (Chapter I) focuses on the generation of this weakly radioactive material in the French nuclear fuel cycle, on the photon-matter interactions, on cementitious matrices, and on the use of radioactive materials in cementitious matrices. The experimental work has required to develop miniaturized physico-chemical characterization methods adapted to radioactive materials (Chapter II), in order to compare them with formulations using non radioactive analogs. For the development of cement-based materials, a magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC) and a pure Portland cement are used. Workability, setting time, mechanical compressive strength, dimensional stability, homogeneity of the microstructure and temperature resistance are optimized. For MKPC pastes, the mechanical strength depends on the MgO/KH2PO4 molar ratio (Chapter III). In order to optimize the integration of the dense metal oxides, MKPC are formulated at stoichiometry, although this composition, without additives, is characterized by significant swelling. The addition of powdered mineral additives (fly ash, dense metal oxides) enabled to inhibit swelling and avoid phase segregation. With Portland cement, the incorporation of metal oxides is performed on mortars, with a granular skeleton (Chapter IV), and it is carried out in two ways: either as a supplement to an optimized formulation, or by volume replacement of the fine parts of the granular skeleton. In both cases, compressive strengths are obtained with values above 50 MPa at 28 days, and a good resistance to temperatures up to nearly 250°C. A third incorporation method is possible, which requires the synthesis of cement/metal oxide granules. The fifth and last chapter compares the mechanical and shielding performances of cement matrices incorporating the dense metal oxides. It also quantifies the interactions of these metal oxides with the environment (by reactivity experiments in contact with cementitious waters at ambient temperature and pressure or beyond, and leaching tests). Depending on the performance of the two types of cement matrices developed, different uses are possible, e.g. waste encapsulation or structural and temperature resistant materials
Musella, Riccardo. "Ab initio simulations of MgO and MgSiO3 for planetary modelling." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC052.
Full textThe interiors of exosolar planets represent a new fertile field at the interface of planetary science, high pressure physics and astronomy. The observations seem to indicate that rocky planets are the most numerous. Nevertheless, with the current technology, Earth-like planets are still hardly detectable and only new scientific programs could bring enough accuracy to obtain an unbiased sample of Earth-like objects. At present time, the characterized exoplanets more similar to the Earth are massive rocky planets, dubbed super-Earths. In this thesis, we have studied MgO, MgSiO3 and Fe compounds which are the main constituents of the deep interiors of massive rocky planets and possibly of cores of giant planets. The thermodynamic conditions inside these objects are very challenging to reproduce in laboratory; numerical simulations are sometimes the only available tool to explore the phase diagram of the minerais at such extreme conditions. We used ab initio molecular dynamics to provide data on MgO (up to pressure -10 TPa) and MgSiO3 (up to pressure -2 TPa) such as the equation of state, the melting line, the metallization etc. . . For Fe we used the orbital free molecular dynamics in order to extend the iron melting line up to -100 TPa. Our ab initio EOS tables obtained for MgO and MgSiO3 could be used to improve the models of massive exoplanets including aspects such as the influences of phase transitions, of time-evolution and a complete description of the thermal state. Also, the melting lines calculated for MgO, MgSiO3 and Fe may have a strong impact on these models. What language could be considered as their own? For them, when did French cease to be a foreign language ? More generally, what remains of an author who has chosen to express himself in another language?
Auclerc, Apolline. "Impact d'amendements calco-magnésiens sur la diversité des macroinvertébrés de sols forestiers et sur certains processus fonctionnels associés. Cas du massif vosgien (nord-est, France)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0056/document.
Full textThe use of liming (Ca-Mg) on acidified forest can be interesting to counteract soil acidification and loss of nutrients caused by decades of acid atmospheric deposition. In this context, the aims of this work were to assess liming effect on (i) taxonomical diversity and community structure of soil macro-invertebrates and on (ii) two associated functional processes related to earthworms: soil structuration and humus evolution. The PhD project was realised in three sites from the Vosges mountains (North-eastern, France): two forest mountain catchments (one lying on sandstone and the other on granite) limed in 2003 and the public hill forest of Humont at a lower altitude limed in 1991 and 2008. Results showed that 4 years after liming in mountain forest, the total abundance of macro-invertebrates decreased, while the species richness were similar. However, the community structure strongly differed, and less than 50% of the species were common to limed and control sites. Moreover, 43 species appeared to be indicators of liming. Predator taxa abundance decreased whereas the detritivorous were favoured by lime addition. The in vitro experiments showed a positive effect of liming on soil structuration by earthworm activities (cast production and burrowing activities). In the Humont forest, liming at medium-term (4 years) and long term (20 years) have an important effect on the Aporrectodea velox population, an endemic vosgian species. Related to its high biomass, this increase strongly improved soil physicochemical parameters such as soil structure and humus morphology
Xavier, Patrick. "Le magnésium dans l'organisme." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11035.
Full textOlivier, Caroline. "Magnésium, allergie et système immunitaire." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P105.
Full textBegon, Eric. "Magnésium et grossesse : étude bibliographique." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF13049.
Full textALMEIDA, FILHO AMERICO de. "Elaboração e estudos de recristalização de ligas alumínio-magnésio-tório e alumínio-magnésio-nióbio." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2005. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11345.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
Bussière, Françoise. "Magnésium et activation des cellules inflammatoires." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CLF1PP10.
Full textLaveissière-Despetis, Florence. "Etude d'une matrice magnésie pour composite à renfort fibreux tridimensionnel." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20080.
Full textGalicia, Aguilar Gonzalo. "Etude par spectroscopie d'impédance globale et locale de la corrosion du magnésium et des alliages de magnésium AZ91." Paris 6, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01378620.
Full textWe have studied the microstructure influence on the corrosion behavior of two kinds of AZ91 magnesium alloy. The same qualitative electrochemical response has been explained taking into account that electrochemical techniques used (chronopotentiometry, voltametry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) involve a global answer of the whole surface metal. To overcome this problem, local electrochemical techniques have been used particularly local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In order to carry out local electrochemical measurements, a home-made probe has been developed in our laboratory. The local electrochemical impedance diagrams and global impedance diagrams obtained for pure magnesium and for AZ91 alloy presented the same shape as a function of electrolyte type, concentration, pH and immersion time. Thus, it was assumed that the magnesium matrix of the magnesium alloys corrodes first. The experimental results obtained with the SECM technique shown that the metallic surface is cover by a partially protector film. From global and local electrochemical results a kinetic model was proposed to explain the corrosion process of magnesium pure and its alloys
Kowalczyk, Kathy. "Polycondensation de l'acide diamidophosphorique : application à la formulation d'un nouveau ciment par réaction acide-base." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD453.
Full textForget, Mathilde. "Laminage asymétrique de l'alliage de magnésium AZ31." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00930193.
Full textBlaquiere, Colette. "Optimisation de l'absorption gastro-intestinale du magnésium." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30225.
Full textDomain, Véronique. "Le magnésium et ses utilisations en thérapeutique." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2PE70.
Full textGenin, Clément. "Cathodic Protection of carbon steel in the tidal zone : involved mechanisms." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LAROS028.
Full textThis PhD work focuses on understanding the mechanisms involved in cathodic protection (CP) in tidal zones (vertical zone between high tide and low tide levels). In 2015 a study by led by Ph. Refait et al. highlighted the unexpected persistence of CP even during emerged periods, which theoretically should not occur because of seawater withdrawal. Understanding the mechanisms involved in this spread-out CP could ultimately contribute to diminish the environmental impact of production and maintenance of structures such as offshore wind turbines. An initial study, covering the entire height of the La Rochelle commercial port tidal zone, showed that CP could be considered effective up to 45% of immersion rate (i.e. 74% of the tidal zone height). On the other hand, a study carried out at LaSIE laboratory aimed to investigate the behavior of steel during ebb tides in a more fundamental way. To this purpose, samples were set horizontally under thin layers of seawater (1 mm or 5 mm) and polarised under conditions of sufficient protection (-950 mV/Ag/AgCl3M) and insufficient protection (-750 mV/Ag/AgCl3M). Insufficient protection led to the formation of a thick layer of aragonite overlying a thin residual corrosion products layer. In addition, a thin layer of seawater enhances the protective character of the deposit formed under sufficient CP (-950 mV/Ag/AgCl3M). Furthermore, in the last research axis mentioned here, the evolution of CP parameters was monitored for 16 months of tidal cycles. For short periods (8 days), CP remained effective up to 40 % of immersion rate, while the entire column was protected for longer times (180 days). Finally, the persistence of CP in tidal zone is multifactorial. It depends on tidal amplitude, exposure time and immersion rate. Its effectiveness has been demonstrated to be valid up to 45% immersion, for extended tidal zones
Amorim, Aline Guimarães. "Magnésio na dieta de praticantes de musculação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9132/tde-29012015-154119/.
Full textThe study evaluated the magnesium comsuption in body building\'s diet (n = 15) according to the new Dietary Reference Intakes (IDRs). Magnesium\'s food sources also were identified of the studied group and in marathon runners\' diet of the same age, so they could be reproduced and analyzed in its total magnesium content. This way, the obtained results in laboratory could becompared with the ones found in food composition tables, also conducting the validity of total magnesium\'s determination methodology . The magnesium dietary consumption (average±standard deviation) was 323±115 mgMg/d and 115±26 mgMg/1000kcal in the the 19-30 year-old group and 345±110 mgMg/d and 110±18 mgMg/1000kcal in the 31 to 50 year-old group, without significant differences among the studied groups. In this scenario, 5 body building athletes had the minimum probability of 70% of adequate magnesium\'s usual ingestion, while 6 showed at least 70% of minimum probability of inadequate magnesium\'s usual ingestion. Should be done a better dietary contribution of the mineral in question, emphasizing a larger food consumption with higher magnesium content. The main boby builders\' Mg food sources were banana, steak, cooked potato, cooked spinach, bean, semi-skimmed milk and oat flakes. Also, for the marathon runners these were represented by banana, com flour, oat bran, bean, steak, cooked fish, okra, chocolate powder, whole-meal bread and cassava. The calibration curve found for magnesium was linear (r = 0,9999), presenting DL and QL O, 15±0, 17 and 0,48±0,55 mgMg/mL In total magnesium determination the certified reference material (NIST) and secundary reference material (AIN93G) presented a variation coefficient (c.v.) of 4,4 and 3,2%, respectively. Even so, the obtained concentration in the NIST reference material was significantly smaller (p <0,05) than the expected value. The analyzed foods had c.v. below the established limit (10%). In the AIN93G reference material and in the oat bran no matrix\'s interference were observed . The total magnesium content found in the analyzed brands of mineral water ranged from 0,5 to 1,2 mgMg/100g. In spite the values above the expected ones, the water doesn\'t contribute with the dietary consumption of magnesium above 7% of EAR, considering the ingestion of 2 liter/d of water. Among the foods submitted to cooking process, okra, spinach, cassava and bean had significant differences (p <0,05) among raw and processed forms. The corn flour, oat bran, whole-meal bread and chocolate powder\'s brands analyzed are different from the expected values, probably due to the different origin of the foods found in the used composition tables.
Berninger, Ulf-Niklas. "Etude de la réactivité des carbonates de magnésium." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30329.
Full textThis thesis presents a systematic study on the reactivity of Mg-carbonates. The equilibrium constant of hydromagnesite was determined in closed-system reactors as a function of temperature (22.5-75°C) and pH (8.6-10.7). The effect of aqueous Ca on the growth kinetics of magnesite at 100°C and pH ~ 7.7 was determined using hydrothermal atomic force microscopy and hydrothermal mixed-flow reactors. Both, the advancement rates of obtuse steps and the growth kinetics of magnesite are not significantly influenced by the concentration of aqueous Ca. Furthermore, the solubility of dolomite was determined from 50-175°C using a hydrogen concentration cell. The value of the solubility product of the reaction CaMg(CO3)2 = Ca2+ + Mg2+ + 2CO32- derived from this study is nearly equal to that predicted by SUPCRT92 at 200ºC but about one order of magnitude higher at 50°C, suggesting that dolomite is somewhat less stable than previously assumed
Hacquart, Romain. "Sites de surface des fumées d'oxyde de magnésium." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066568.
Full textKlingler, Christine. "Aspects actuels des médicaments à base de magnésium." Strasbourg 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR10655.
Full textKnepper, Viviane. "Approches récentes dans le traitement de l'insuffisance cardiaque." Strasbourg 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR10653.
Full textSun, Hui. "Développement d'une méthode microspectrophotométrique destinée à la mesure des concentrations ioniques cytoplasmiques sur cellule unique et étude physico-chimique des colorants microinjectés dans les myoballs de rat pour la détermination précise du pH et du magnésium libre cytoplasmiques." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1T189.
Full textGomez, Jussara. "A infusão simultânea de sulfato de magnésio durante a reposição de potássio ajuda na correção do potássio sérico?" reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/14049.
Full textRifai, Farah. "Immobilisation de déchets magnésiens dans un matériau alcali-activé : étude expérimentale et numérique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLN043/document.
Full textThe operation phase of the first generation of nuclear reactors in France has generated magnesium and graphite long lived low-level wastes (LLW-LL). Their conditioning in a hydraulic binder matrix is being addressed. In order to study the behavior of these packages, several coupled mechanisms have to be considered: the magnesium alloy can corrode within the encapsulating matrix, especially when galvanic coupling with the graphite occurs. The corrosion of the metal results in the development of corrosion products. The growth of corrosion products around the metal and the restriction of the hydraulic binder’s delayed strains may lead to the generation of internal stresses. The verification of certain safety requirements (dimensional stability of the package and low hydrogen production) is therefore essential. It requires the development of a numerical model able to predict the behavior of these packages.In particular, a sodium hydroxide activated blast furnace slag mortar is being addressed. It belongs to the family of alkali-activated materials for which the modelling of ageing behavior is rarely approached. Hence, the construction of the numerical model involves a large experimental campaign covering the thermo-chemo-mechanical behavior of the alkali-activated mortar and the corrosion of magnesium in hydraulic binders. Meso-scale homogenization calculations are undertaken in order to determine upscaled properties of the mix (matrix + wastes) and carry out simulations on the scale of the packages.Regarding the first experimental study axis, a relatively low hydration heat is measured. This is beneficial with respect to the internal stress generated from the self-restriction of the thermal strains within massive structures.Nevertheless, the materials undergoes a particular autogenous shrinkage strains showing an increase even at long term. However, its basic creep strains are shown to be important which could result in stress relaxation and avoids damage related to shrinkage restriction.Regarding the metal’s corrosion behavior in the alkali-activated mortar, it is compared to the one in two different ordinary Portland cement (OPC) based mortars. Microscopic observations are conducted on samples especially designed to monitor the galvanic corrosion of the alloy. They show the aggressiveness in OPC mortars (localized corrosion manifested by holes and layered microstructure) against limited homogeneous corrosion in alkali-activated mortar. Additionnaly, corrosion kinetics are determined using different experimental methods: mass loss and electrochemical measurements. The complementary results of these two types of measurements also show a low corrosion in the alkali-activated slag mortar with a passive state of the metal achived at 6 months of embedment. This advantage of slag mortar is explained by a high electrical resistivity with respect to OPC mortars, determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.Finite element simulations are performed using Cast3m software on meso-scale in order to evaluate the mechanical effect of the corrosion layer development on the surrounding matrix. The corrosion kinetics of the alloy, the nature of corrosion products and their mechanical properties identified using SEM/EDS and nano-indentation techniques are implemented. The calculations indicate low stress generation in the alkali-activated mortar
Beloeil, Brigitte. "Le métabolisme du magnésium et sa pathologie en pédiatrie." Nantes, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NANT436P.
Full textBasson, Frédéric. "Déformation de l'orientation cube dans des alliages aluminium-magnésium." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG4211.
Full textPinho, Ricardo José da Cruz Alves de. "Propriedades do supercondutor cerâmico diboreto de magnésio-MgB2." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/2569.
Full textO presente trabalho é um estudo de algumas propriedades eléctricas e magnéticas fundamentais do composto supercondutor binário intermetálico diboreto de magnésio-MgB2 produzido pelos métodos de prensagem isostática a quente-HIP de pó comercial de MgB2 e sinterização reactiva de pós de Mg e B-SR. O estudo das propriedades eléctricas consistiu na medição da resistência em função da temperatura- R(T) e da tensão em função da corrente para várias temperaturas fixas-V(I) utilizando o método padrão dos quatro contactos que permitiram obter parâmetros como a temperatura crítica Tc, com valores típicos de ≈35-37K, e a largura de transição ΔTc. A partir das medidas V(I) determinou-se a sua densidade de corrente crítica-JC. O estudo das propriedades magnéticas consistiu na medida da magnetização (M) em função do campo (H) e da temperatura e da susceptibilidade magnética χ=M/H em função da temperatura-χ(T) após arrefecimento em campo nulo. Foram realizados ciclos de histerese na fase supercondutora (T≤35K).A JC magnética foi determinada a partir do modelo do estado crítico. Os valores de JC típicos de transporte situam-se entre ≈7-15 A/cm2 para T=13K e são muito inferiores aos valores de Jc(T) magnético, que variam entre ≈ 0.5 e 4x106 A/cm2 para T=10K. Os valores máximos obtidos de Jc(H) são de ≈105-106 A/cm2. O comportamento quantitativo e qualitativo de Jc(T) e Jc(H) magnético bem como o dos parâmetros obtidos das medidas R(T) é semelhante ao reportado na literatura. Pelo contrário, os valores de Jc de transporte são cerca de 5-6 ordens de grandeza inferiores possivelmente devido à existência de “weak-links” nas fronteiras de grão. Os resultados das medidas χ(T) indicam uma Tc≈37K, em acordo com as medidas de transporte, e que a maior parte do volume das amostras (≈90%) se encontra no estado supercondutor. Observou-se também que as propriedades magnéticas variam com as dimensões das amostras (descontando os efeitos da desmagnetização). Este comportamento é uma consequência da existência de supercorrentes de blindagem em diferentes escalas de comprimento devido à existência de vazios e regiões não supercondutoras no interior das amostras. Os valores do campo de irreversibilidade-Hirr a 20K variam entre ≈35 kOe e 55 kOe. Estes resultados são também semelhantes aos tipicamente reportados. Não foi possível tirar conclusões relativamente ao campo crítico superior Hc2 devido às limitações no campo máximo alcançável nas medidas magnéticas. Os dados experimentais sugerem que embora o cerne das amostras se encontre na sua maior parte no estado supercondutor a ligação entre os grãos é ainda deficiente. ABSTRACT: The present work focus on the electric and magnetic properties of the intermetalic binary superconducting compound magnesium diboride-MgBB2. produced by the methods of hot isostatic pressing-HIP of commercial MgB2 powder and reactive sintering of Mg and B powders-SR.The study of the electric properties consisted on the measurement of the resistance as a function of temperature- R(T) and the voltage as a function of the current fo B r some fixed temperatures- V(I) using the standard 4-point probe technique. From these measurements parameters like the critical temperature-Tc, with typical values between 35-37K, and the transition width-ΔTc were obtained. From the V(I) measurements the critical current density-Jc was determined. The study of the magnetic properties consisted on the measurement of the magnetization (M) as a function of the magnetic field (H) and temperature and of the magnetic susceptibility χ=M/H as a function of temperature, after zero field cooling procedure. Hysteresis cycles were performed in the superconducting phase (T≤35K). The magnetic Jc was determined using a critical state model. The transport Jc values obtained are ≈7-15 A/cm2 for T=13K and the magnetic Jc values ≈ 0.5 a 4x106 A/cm2 for T=10K. The maximum Jc(H) values are ≈105- 106 A/cm2. The quantitative and qualitative behaviour of both Jc(T) and Jc(H) as well as the parameters obtained from the R(T) measurements are similar to the usually reported for HIPed samples. In contrast the transport Jc values are 5-6 orders of magnitude lower possibly because of the existence of weak-links on the grain boundaries. The results of the χ(T) measurements indicated a Tc≈37K, in agreement with the transport measurements, and that most of the samples volume (≈90%) is in the superconducting state. It was observed that the magnetic properties depend on the sample dimensions (besides demagnetising effects). This behaviour is a consequence of magnetic screening in different length scales due to the existence of voids and non superconducting regions inside the samples. The Hirr values at 20K are between ≈35 kOe and 55 kOe.These results are also similar to the usually reported.No conclusions were reached regarding the upper critical field-Hc2 due to limitations in the maximum applied field obtainable. The experimental data indicate that most of the bulk of the samples becomes superconducting but the linking between the grains is still deficient.
Carvalho, Maria Arlete Carneiro Ribeiro de. "Cimentos de fosfato de magnésio: consolidação e caracterização." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/11786.
Full textA reação entre o óxido de magnésio (MgO) e o fosfato de monoamónio (MAP), à temperatura ambiente, origina os cimentos de fosfato de magnésio, materiais caracterizados pela sua presa rápida e pelas excelentes propriedades mecânicas adquiridas precocemente. As propriedades finais são dependentes, essencialmente, da composição do cimento (razão molar magnésia:fosfato e utilização de retardantes de presa) mas também são influenciadas pela reatividade da magnésia utilizada. Neste trabalho, a reação foi caracterizada através do estudo da influência da razão molar MgO:MAP (variando de 1:1 até 8:1), da presença e teor de aditivos retardantes (ácido bórico, ácido cítrico e tripolifosfato de sódio) e da variação da área superficial específica da magnésia (conseguida por calcinação do óxido), no tempo de presa, na temperatura máxima atingida e nas fases cristalinas finais formadas. A reação de presa pode ser comparada à hidratação do cimento Portland, com a existência de 4 estágios (reação inicial, indução, aceleração e desaceleração), com a diferença que estes estágios ocorrem a velocidade muito mais alta nos cimentos de fosfato de magnésio. Este estudo foi realizado utilizando a espetroscopia de impedâncias, acompanhada pela monitorização da evolução de temperatura ao longo do tempo de reação e, por paragem de reação, identificando as fases cristalinas formadas. A investigação do mecanismo de reação foi complementada com a observação da microestrutura dos cimentos formados e permitiu concluir que a origem da magnésia usada não afeta a reação nem as propriedades do cimento final. A metodologia de superfície de resposta foi utilizada para o estudo e otimização das características finais do produto, tendo-se mostrado um método muito eficaz. Para o estudo da variação da área superficial específica da magnésia com as condições de calcinação (temperatura e tempo de patamar) usou-se o planeamento fatorial de experiências tendo sido obtido um modelo matemático que relaciona a resposta da área superficial específica da magnésia com as condições de calcinação. As propriedades finais dos cimentos (resistência mecânica à compressão e absorção de água) foram estudadas utilizando o planeamento simplex de experiências, que permitiu encontrar modelos que relacionam a propriedade em estudo com os valores das variáveis (razão molar MgO:MAP, área superficial específica da magnésia e quantidade de ácido bórico). Estes modelos podem ser usados para formular composições e produzir cimentos com propriedades finais específicas.
The reaction between magnesium oxide (MgO) and mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), at room temperature, produces magnesium phosphate cements, which are characterized by rapid setting and excellent early mechanical properties. The final properties depend, essentially, on the cement composition (magnesia:phosphate molar ratio and use of set retardants) but are also affected by the reactivity of the used magnesia. In this work, the reaction was characterized by studying the effect of the MgO:MAP molar ratio (varied between 1:1 and 8:1), the presence and content of retarding additives (boric acid, citric acid and sodium tripoliphosphate) and the changes in the magnesia specific surface area (carried out by calcination of the oxide), on the setting time, maximum temperature reached and developed crystalline phases. The setting reaction can be compared to the hydration of Portland cement, with four stages (initial reaction, induction period, acceleration and deceleration), but these stages are much faster in magnesium phosphate cements. This study was carried out by impedance spectroscopy, while monitoring the temperature changes during the reaction and, by arresting the reaction, the crystalline phases formed. The investigation of the reaction mechanism was complemented with the observation of the hardened cements microstructure and led to the conclusion that the origin of the magnesia used does not affect the reaction nor the final cement properties. The response surface methodology was used to study and optimize the final product characteristics, and found to be a very efficient method. To study the changes of the magnesia specific surface area with the calcination conditions (temperature and soaking time), a factorial design of experiments was used, which enabled the calculation of a mathematical model relating the magnesia specific surface area with the calcination parameters. The cement final properties (compressive strength and water absorption) were studied using a simplex design of experiments, which enabled the calculation of models relating the particular property with the values of the variables (MgO:MAP molar ratio, magnesia specific surface area and boric acid content). Such models can be used to formulate the composition most adequate to produce a cement with specified properties.
Oliveira, Rodrigo Monteiro. "Estudo teórico de nanoestruturas de óxido de magnésio." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2014.
Find full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociências e Materiais Avançados, 2014.
Através da utilização de Métodos de Primeiros Princípios baseados na Teoria do Funcional da Densidade (DFT) foram avaliadas propriedades estruturais e eletrônicas de nanoestruturas de óxido de magnésio (MgO), nas fases cristalinas Rock Salt e Wurzita. Para a execução deste trabalho, calcularam-se as estruturas Rock Salt e Wurzita no material bulk, otimizando o parâmetro de rede que foi utilizado na montagem das nanoestruturas, nanoos da fase Rock Salt (Pequeno e Médio) e Wurzita (Pequeno, Médio e Grande). Após a relaxação das estruturas foram determinadas as bandas de energia, densidade de estados eletrônicos, densidade de estados eletrônicos projetada por orbital e densidade parcial de cargas para cada um dos nanoos.
Through the use of First Principles Methods based on Density Functional Theory, electronic properties of nanostructures of magnesium oxide (MgO) were evaluated in the crystalline phases Rock Salt and wurtzite. For the execution of this work, were calculated structures Rock Salt and wurtzite in bulk material, thus targeting the lattice parameter which were used in the mounting of nanostructures, nanowires phase Rock Salt (Thin and Medium) and wurtzite (Thin, Medium and Large). After the relaxation of the structures, energy bands, density of electronic states, electronic density of states projected by orbital and partial charge density for each of the nanowires were made. Nanowires evaluation allowed the observation of the quantum connement eect with decreasing size of the nanostructures.
Adrian, Markus. "Influence du magnésium alimentaire sur le vieillissement cardiovasculaire du rat." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESAA006.
Full textHypertension is a factor of risk for cardiovascular diseases. Age is associated to alterations of the blood pressure. The hypotensive effect of magnesium has been recognized for a long time. We have studied the influence of the nutritive magnesium contribution on the evolution of vascular morphology with age, on the vasoconstriction, on the composition out of collagen and elastin fibers in the wall and on the oxidative stress, that are able to explain the negative correlation observed between the magnesium contribution and the increase in the blood pressure. The consequences of a magnesium deficiency are an external hypertrophic remodelling of the artery of resistance with an increase in the relation media/lumen, a reduction in the relation elastin/collagen in the aorta, and an increase in various parameters of the oxidative stress. A magnesium supplementation minimized these observed effects. At large, these observations suggest that magnesium deficiency deteriorates the vascular integrity by an exaggeration of the oxidative stress and can, thus, answer the pathology of arterial hypertension
Boukef, Elgolizi Habib. "Dérivés du magnésium : utilisations en synthèse chimique et dans le domaine pharmaceutique." Strasbourg 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR15088.
Full textPrévost, Sylvie Françoise. "Etude expérimentale de l'absorption in vitro du magnésium chez le rat." Strasbourg 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR15064.
Full textCommin, Loreleï. "Assemblage des alliages de magnesium laminés à chaud par soudage friction malaxage et soudage laser : approche expérimentale vers une compréhension des propriétés mécaniques." Paris, ENSAM, 2008. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004253.
Full textThe challenges of weight reduction in aerospace industry have drawn considerable interest in magnesium alloys technologies. Assessing the efficiency of new joining techniques, such as Laser Beam Welding and Friction Stir Welding is then required. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between welding parameters and the resulting microstructure and mechanical properties. It was part of the AEROMAG European Project whose objective was the use of wrought Magnesium alloys in aeronautics. Friction Stir Welds and Laser Beam (Nd:YAG and CO2) Welds were processed using 2 mm thick hot rolled plates of AZ31, AZ61 and WE43 Magnesium alloys. The process window for LBW and FSW was determined. The weld characterisation was focused on AZ31 alloy. A relationship between welding parameters, the temperatures undergone and the weld microstructure was established for each process. FSW induced microstructural changes and complex residual stress distribution, which have a primary influence in FSW mechanical properties. The influence of texture evolution and precipitation evolution on LBW mechanical properties was also determined. Localisation features similar to shear bands were observed in both LBW and FSW. FSW resulted in a dramatic loss in mechanical properties, which could not be recovered after heat treatments, whereas LBW presented after heat treatment mechanical properties similar to those of the base metal. A comparison was made with precipitation hardenened alloys (AZ61 and WE43) mechanical properties. Finally, the potentiality of replacing aluminium alloys with these magnesium alloys was studied
Chapuis, Adrien. "Étude des mécanismes contrôlant la déformation du magnésium à chaud." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00611616.
Full textAmira, Sofiene. "Influence of microstructure on corrosion behaviour and mechanical properties of some creep resistant magnesium alloys." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25123/25123.pdf.
Full textPouillier, Édouard. "Rupture intergranulaire induite par l'hydrogène dans les alliages d'aluminium-magnésium." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00711202.
Full textBéliveau, Rachèle. "L’entraînement, l’alimentation et le magnésium sérique de joueuses de volleyball." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7906.
Full textAttari, Nordine. "Etude en fatigue oligocyclique multiaxiale d'un alliage de magnésium GA3Z1." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPL010N.
Full textTran, Ngoc Anh. "Nouveaux électrolytes et cathodes organiques pour les batteries au Magnésium." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI073.
Full textThe objectives of this thesis are, on the one hand, to develop new electrolytes by the design of new non-hazardous magnesium salts or by the use of aromatic additives such as anthracene and, on the other hand, to synthesize an organic polymer with redox properties suitable for its use as a positive electrode in magnesium batteries. The first methodology was the synthesis of several magnesium salts obtained by the reaction of substituted phenol or thiophenol with the tetrahydroborate anion. The best results were obtained with the salt obtained by the reaction of thiophenol and tetrahydroborate. The impact of this new salt on the improvement of the Mg/electrolyte interface was characterized by chronoamperometry and impedance spectroscopy measurements. In addition, the performance of full cell Mg/Mo6S8 was evaluated, a capacity of 75 mAh/g was obtained after 20 cycles, with a weak polarization of the Mg electrode. The second methodology several π-rich compounds were used. The best promising molecule is the 2-(tert-butyl)anthracene with an improvement in the Mg plating/stripping process reversibility. The second part of this thesis will present the electrochemical performance of organic material using as positive electrode for both lithium and magnesium batteries. Polybenzoquinonedisulfide (PBQDS) was synthesized with very high yield in a green and easy way. After the particle size reduction using ball milling technique, the discharge capacity reaches a stable value of 140 mAh/g at C/20 in sulfolane based electrolyte. In Mg cell, even if similar capacity is obtained in the first cycles, a large capacity fading is observed associated with the trapping of Mg2+ in the active material, due to strong oxygen/Mg2+ interaction. The use of solvation additive (crown ether) in the electrolyte mitigates partially this behaviour, given some interesting leads of improvement