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Academic literature on the topic 'Magmatisme – Tian Shan (Asie Centrale ; monts)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Magmatisme – Tian Shan (Asie Centrale ; monts)"
Ni, Xinghua. "Late Paleozoic - Early Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt : structural, metamorphic and magmatic evidence from the eastern Tianshan." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ORLE1043.
Full textAccretionary orogens forming along convergent margins are characterized by long-lived evolution and are the primary sites of continental growth on Earth. A typical convergence pattern of accretionary orogens involves complex tectonic processes, such as tectonic switching between advancing and retreating subduction, arc-arc/continent accretion, and post-collisional extension. However, elucidating the orogenic processes of ancient orogenic belts is more challenging due to extensive denudation, necessitating comprehensive knowledge on deformation, metamorphism, and magmatism.The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is a vast accretionary orogenic system within Eurasia, formed by the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean (PAO) and the convergence of the Siberian, Tarim-North China, and Baltica (East European) cratons during the Neoproterozoic to late Paleozoic. It is considered as the largest Phanerozoic accretionary orogen containing significant juvenile crust, and offers a natural laboratory to examine continental growth and orogenic processes. The eastern Tianshan in the southwestern CAOB preserves crucial records of subduction, arc-arc/continent accretion and post-collisional evolution, providing unique insights into orogenic tectonics. Nonetheless, several debates still hinder our understanding of its tectonic evolution, including issues related to the crustal basements, detailed tectonic processes, timing of the final amalgamation, and magmatic evolution.This thesis presents a multi-scale and multi-disciplinary study of the tectonic-metamorphic-magmatic evolution of the eastern Tianshan during the late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic. Firstly, the tectono-metamorphic history of the Xiaopu Metamorphic Complex (XPC) in the eastern North Tianshan has been investigated through detailed structural, metamorphic, and geochronogical analyses. Secondly, spatial and temporal constraints on the late Paleozoic tectono-magmatic evolution of the eastern North Tianshan and East Junggar have been established based on geochronological, geochemical, and isotopic data sets from both new and previous studies. Thirdly, the Triassic magmatic evolution has been built up through detailed petrographic, geochronologic, geochemical, and isotopic investigations of newly identified Triassic granitoids from the Bogda region, alongside published data from the eastern Tianshan. The main results lead to the following conclusions: 1.The basement of the eastern North Tianshan and East Junggar regions primarily comprises Neoproterozoic to Phanerozoic juvenile crust, likely with a presence of a Mesoproterozoic continental basement similar to that of the Central Tianshan Block in the Kangguer-Yamansu area. 2.Arc-arc accretion between the eastern North Tianshan and East Junggar around 340-330 Ma resulted in crustal shortening and thickening. The roll-back of the Kangguer oceanic slab between 330 and 310 Ma caused back-arc extension and crustal thinning in the Bogda-Harlik region, along with extension-related magmatism and high temperature and low pressure (HT-LP) metamorphism.3.The final amalgamation of the eastern Tianshan occurred around 300 Ma, leading to crustal thickening in the eastern North Tianshan and a magmatic lull in the East Junggar and Kangguer-Yamansu regions, as well as a sharp reduction in intermediate magmatic rocks in the Bogda-Harlik-Dananhu region.4.Following the amalgamation, the eastern North Tianshan and East Junggar evolved into a post-orogenic setting during the Permian. Localized crustal extension and exhumation, along with the formation of bimodal magmatic rocks and widespread A-type granitoids, likely occurred in association with regional transcurrent tectonics.5.During the Triassic, the magmatism diversity in the eastern Tianshan resulted from the reworking of both ancient and juvenile crust at varying depths and temperatures, with some mantle input in an intraplate setting
Morin, Julien. "The Jurassic evolution of the Tian Shan region (Central Asia) : geodynamic context and paleogeographic consequences." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1B030.
Full textThe strongly intracontinental Tian Shan region, in Central Asia represents a key area to understand the long term evolution of continents in general and Asia in particular. If its Paleozoic and Cenozoic geodynamics are well understood and characterized by a succession of orogenesis driven by accretion of continental blocks, its Mesozoic evolution remains poorly constrained. Within this largely compressive geodynamic setting, the Jurassic period corresponds to a peculiar time span dominated by widespread extension within the Caspian – Turan domain to the west and within the Siberian/Mongolian domain to the east. However, the Jurassic paleogeographic and kinematic evolution of the probable relay zone corresponding to the Tian Shan region is yet to be fully understood. To do so, we conducted sedimentological analyses within several basins associated to the Tian Shan Range and compiled previously published sedimentological data in order to characterize the evolution of the depositional environments through time as well as to document climate conditions. In parallel, we conducted geomorphological analyses and compiled both detrital geochronology and low - temperature thermochronology data to describe the paleotopographical evolution of the Tian Shan area, especially constraining the location and the timing of relief building in the range. During the Early to early Middle Jurassic, the topographic evolution of the Tian Shan Range was dominated by progressive planation of late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic relief, locally interrupted by short-lived tectonic uplift. Throughout the region, contemporaneous sedimentation was characterized by alluvial to lacustrine strata deposited under humid conditions. During this period, recurrent limited deformation events associated with strike slip and compressive tectonics occurred. To the west of the Tian Shan, the Early Jurassic Sinemurian (?) – Pliensbachian marks the onset of sedimentation, at least in the northern Yarkand-Fergana Basin. At that time, renewed activity along the Talas- Fergana/Karatau fault led to the opening of the Yarkand-Fergana Basin as a half-graben. Continuous opening of this basin occurred during the late Early – Middle Jurassic. These episodes of deformation and their timing cannot be related to the far-field effects of the Qiangtang collision but could instead, be associated to the coeval subduction-related extension affecting the Caspian – Turan domains to the west of the Tian Shan area. We propose that this extensional stress-field, induced by the Neo-Tethys subduction, played a major role in driving the late Early to early Middle Jurassic tectonic and topographic evolution of the Tian Shan region. During the late Middle to early Late Jurassic, few evidences of deformation exist in the Tian Shan or within the Caspian – Turan domains. We propose that the late Middle – early Late Jurassic corresponded to a period of relative tectonic quiescence in the area. Finally, the Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous transition was marked by a tectonic reactivation leading to the inversion of the Yarkand – Fergana Basin and to localized relief building in the Tian Shan
Heilbronn, Gloria. "Évolution paléogéographique et paléotopographique du Tian Shan Chinois au Mésozoïque." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S112/document.
Full textThe Tian Shan is an intracontinental range located in Central Asia. The structure of the range formed during the Paleozoic through the accretion of several blocks. Recently the range has been reactivated due to far-field effects of the collision between India and Asia. The topographic and tectonic evolution of the range in-between these two major relief-building phases (Late Paleozoic and Cenozoic) is still poorly understood. Two different approaches are combined in this work, in order to determine the Mesozoic topographic evolution of the area, in a qualitative way.The Late-Paleozoic range has been progressively eroded until the Upper Triassic/Lower Jurassic. Tectonic activity was relatively quiet during the Jurassic characterised by low exhumation rates. We suggest that the tectonic regime was dominated by transtension in the Tian Shan area. This period is linked to a regional peneplanation in Central Asia. At the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary, the occurrence of alluvial fan deposits shows a reactivation of the range, though not strong enough to be recorded by low-temperature thermochronology. This period is characterised by an overall extensional tectonic regime all over Central Asia, with the opening of the Caspian Basin further west. It precedes the phase of very slow exhumation that occurs during the Lower Cretaceous. From 100 Ma and during the Upper Cretaceous, the range is progressively reactivated. We suggest that this correspond to a delayed answer of the Lhassa bloc collision (140 - 120 Ma). Around 65 - 60 Ma, a new phase of rapid exhumation attests of a stronger reactivation, localised along the major faults. This is contemporary of bloc collisions along the south-west margin of Asia, such as the Kohistan Block, the Dras arc or the Afghan Block. In the Tian Shan area, the development of calcrete features in the Paleocene suggests the end of tectonic activity, before the new reactivation in the Neogene.The combination of low temperature thermochronology on the basement rocks and facies sedimentology in the various basins indicate that while during the Mesozoic, the Palaeo-Tian Shan topography generally flattens, some small-scale tectonic events driven by far-field effects of major geodynamic processes around the edges of Asia did occur. However, those tectonic movements did not induce enough exhumation to be recorded by low temperature thermochronometers. Only the sediment record allows their detection and detailed description
Guerit, Laure. "Caractéristiques morpho-sédimentaires des cônes alluviaux et reconstitution de leurs paléo-flux d'eau et de sédiments : exemples naturels du piedmont nord du Tian Shan (Xinjiang, Chine) et modélisation expérimentale." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077005.
Full textThe quantification of erosion, sediment transport and sedimentation on continental surfaces is o primary importance to understand the formation and the destruction of terrestrial relief. At the outlet of some drainage areas, the coarse part of the river sedimentary load, mainly the sediments transported as bed load, can be drop off and form alluvial fans. Located at the interface between relief submitted to erosion and areas of deposition, alluvial fans have a high archiving potential concerning the sediment transfer from the mountains to the plains. This thesis is focused on alluvial fans built by shallow gravel-bed braided rivers and aims to quantify the water fluxes, the sediment fluxes and the sediment grain sizes that form such fans Based on natural and experimental examples, it seems that fan morphology can be inverted in order to estimate these parameters. In the chinese Tian Shan, sedimentary paleofluxes can be strictly estimated for the last 300 000 years. The development of a new mode) for fans and its experimental validation allows to determine the control exerted by water and sediment fluxes on fan morphology, with substantial paleohydrology perspectives. Finally, the alluvial fan grain-size organization in active and fossil systems is described, in order to better integrate this parameter in future works
Yang, Wei. "L'évolution tectonique des chaînes du Tian Shan et Kunlun Shan occidentale contrainte par analyses magnétostratigraphiques et thermochronologiques." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S029/document.
Full textTwo critical scientific issues are adressed in the présent thesis as follows. (1) Mesozoic basin-range relationship in the northern and southern piedmonts of the Tian Shan. (2) Spatio-temporal differences in the Early Cenozoic uplift of the Tian Shan. In chapter 1, the évolution of the northern Tian Shan is investigated through U/Pb (LA-ICP-MS) dating of detrital zircons from 14 sandstone samples from a continuous series ranging in age from latest Palaeozoic to Quaternary in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin (Manasi area). In chapter 2, the still poorly constrained Mezosoic to early Cenozoic evolution of the southwestern Tian Shan piedmont is investigated using U/Pb (LA-ICP-MS) dating of detrital zircons and fission track analysis on detrital apatites. In chapter 3, we present a detailed magnetostratigraphic study from the Ulugqat area in piedmont of the Southwest Tian Shan, in order to improve understanding of the uplift and deformation history of the Southwest Tian Shan during the Cenozoic. This work enabled to show that erosion of the Paleo-Tian Shan initiated in the Middle Triassic results in the general peneplanation of the Mesozoic Tian Shan dominated by a wide drainage system and long-lasting tectonic quiescence. The northern piedmont of the Tian Shan was characterized by a post-extensional thermally subsiding basin without much tectonic activity, and the southern piedmont also experienced a general flattening of topography. During the Early Jurassic, Early Cretaceous and Late Cretaceous, three identified minor tectonic inversions and adjustments of basin-range pattern in the Tian Shan, may potentially correspond respectively to the accretions of Cimmerian, Lhasa, and Kohistan-Dras in the southern margin of the Eurasian plate. Detrital zircon U-Pb and apatite fission-track data indicate an initial late Cretaceous – Early Tertiary basin reorganization and coeval renewed erosion along the southern Tian Shan piedmont. We interpreted this late Cretacesou to Paleogene activity in STS as the initial response of the distant effects of India-Eurasia collision as previously argued. During the Late Cenozoic, the major reactivation of the Tian Shan initiated around the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene times. This is evidenced mainly from the detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology in the northern piedmont of the Tian Shan, the apatite fission-track data suggesting a possible activation of the Talas Fergana Fault between 18 and 16 Ma, the major Oligocene depositional hiatus and conspicuous increase in accumulation rates at ~ 18.5 Ma revealed by the magnetostratigraphic results in the southern piedmont of the Tian Shan