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Academic literature on the topic 'MADRL'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "MADRL"

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Ibrahim, Abdikarim Mohamed, Kok-Lim Alvin Yau, Yung-Wey Chong, and Celimuge Wu. "Applications of Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning: Models and Algorithms." Applied Sciences 11, no. 22 (November 17, 2021): 10870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112210870.

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Recent advancements in deep reinforcement learning (DRL) have led to its application in multi-agent scenarios to solve complex real-world problems, such as network resource allocation and sharing, network routing, and traffic signal controls. Multi-agent DRL (MADRL) enables multiple agents to interact with each other and with their operating environment, and learn without the need for external critics (or teachers), thereby solving complex problems. Significant performance enhancements brought about by the use of MADRL have been reported in multi-agent domains; for instance, it has been shown to provide higher quality of service (QoS) in network resource allocation and sharing. This paper presents a survey of MADRL models that have been proposed for various kinds of multi-agent domains, in a taxonomic approach that highlights various aspects of MADRL models and applications, including objectives, characteristics, challenges, applications, and performance measures. Furthermore, we present open issues and future directions of MADRL.
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Jung, Soyi, Won Joon Yun, Joongheon Kim, and Jae-Hyun Kim. "Coordinated Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Energy-Aware UAV-Based Big-Data Platforms." Electronics 10, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10050543.

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This paper proposes a novel coordinated multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) algorithm for energy sharing among multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in order to conduct big-data processing in a distributed manner. For realizing UAV-assisted aerial surveillance or flexible mobile cellular services, robust wireless charging mechanisms are essential for delivering energy sources from charging towers (i.e., charging infrastructure) to their associated UAVs for seamless operations of autonomous UAVs in the sky. In order to actively and intelligently manage the energy resources in charging towers, a MADRL-based coordinated energy management system is desired and proposed for energy resource sharing among charging towers. When the required energy for charging UAVs is not enough in charging towers, the energy purchase from utility company (i.e., energy source provider in local energy market) is desired, which takes high costs. Therefore, the main objective of our proposed coordinated MADRL-based energy sharing learning algorithm is minimizing energy purchase from external utility companies to minimize system-operational costs. Finally, our performance evaluation results verify that the proposed coordinated MADRL-based algorithm achieves desired performance improvements.
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Elhami Fard, Neshat, and Rastko R. Selmic. "Adversarial Attacks on Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning System with Time-Delayed Data Transmission." Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 11, no. 3 (August 9, 2022): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jsan11030045.

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This paper studies the gradient-based adversarial attacks on cluster-based, heterogeneous, multi-agent, deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) systems with time-delayed data transmission. The structure of the MADRL system consists of various clusters of agents. The deep Q-network (DQN) architecture presents the first cluster’s agent structure. The other clusters are considered as the environment of the first cluster’s DQN agent. We introduce two novel observations in data transmission, termed on-time and time-delay observations. The proposed observations are considered when the data transmission channel is idle, and the data is transmitted on time or delayed. By considering the distance between the neighboring agents, we present a novel immediate reward function by appending a distance-based reward to the previously utilized reward to improve the MADRL system performance. We consider three types of gradient-based attacks to investigate the robustness of the proposed system data transmission. Two defense methods are proposed to reduce the effects of the discussed malicious attacks. We have rigorously shown the system performance based on the DQN loss and the team reward for the entire team of agents. Moreover, the effects of the various attacks before and after using defense algorithms are demonstrated. The theoretical results are illustrated and verified with simulation examples.
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Chen, Jian, Liang Guo, Jie Jia, Jianhui Shang, and Xingwei Wang. "Resource Allocation for IRS Assisted SGF NOMA Transmission: A MADRL Approach." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 40, no. 4 (April 2022): 1302–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2022.3144726.

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Chen, Chen, Feng Ma, Xiaobin Xu, Yuwang Chen, and Jin Wang. "A Novel Ship Collision Avoidance Awareness Approach for Cooperating Ships Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 10 (September 25, 2021): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9101056.

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Ships are special machineries with large inertias and relatively weak driving forces. Simulating the manual operations of manipulating ships with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning techniques becomes more and more common, in which avoiding collisions in crowded waters may be the most challenging task. This research proposes a cooperative collision avoidance approach for multiple ships using a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) algorithm. Specifically, each ship is modeled as an individual agent, controlled by a Deep Q-Network (DQN) method and described by a dedicated ship motion model. Each agent observes the state of itself and other ships as well as the surrounding environment. Then, agents analyze the navigation situation and make motion decisions accordingly. In particular, specific reward function schemas are designed to simulate the degree of cooperation among agents. According to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), three typical scenarios of simulation, which are head-on, overtaking and crossing, are established to validate the proposed approach. With sufficient training of MADRL, the ship agents were capable of avoiding collisions through cooperation in narrow crowded waters. This method provides new insights for bionic modeling of ship operations, which is of important theoretical and practical significance.
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Ao, Tianyong, Kaixin Zhang, Huaguang Shi, Zhanqi Jin, Yi Zhou, and Fuqiang Liu. "Energy-Efficient Multi-UAVs Cooperative Trajectory Optimization for Communication Coverage: An MADRL Approach." Remote Sensing 15, no. 2 (January 11, 2023): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15020429.

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can be deployed as aerial wireless base stations which dynamically cover the wireless communication networks for Ground Users (GUs). The most challenging problem is how to control multi-UAVs to achieve on-demand coverage of wireless communication networks while maintaining connectivity among them. In this paper, the cooperative trajectory optimization of UAVs is studied to maximize the communication efficiency in the dynamic deployment of UAVs for emergency communication scenarios. We transform the problem into a Markov game problem and propose a distributed trajectory optimization algorithm, Double-Stream Attention multi-agent Actor-Critic (DSAAC), based on Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (MADRL). The throughput, safety distance, and power consumption of UAVs are comprehensively taken into account for designing a practical reward function. For complex emergency communication scenarios, we design a double data stream network structure that provides a capacity for the Actor network to process state changes. Thus, UAVs can sense the movement trends of the GUs as well as other UAVs. To establish effective cooperation strategies for UAVs, we develop a hierarchical multi-head attention encoder in the Critic network. This encoder can reduce the redundant information through the attention mechanism, which resolves the problem of the curse of dimensionality as the number of both UAVs and GUs increases. We construct a simulation environment for emergency networks with multi-UAVs and compare the effects of the different numbers of GUs and UAVs on algorithms. The DSAAC algorithm improves communication efficiency by 56.7%, throughput by 71.2%, energy saving by 19.8%, and reduces the number of crashes by 57.7%.
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Qiu, Tianyun, and Yaxuan Cheng. "Applications and Challenges of Deep Reinforcement Learning in Multi-robot Path Planning." Journal of Electronic Research and Application 5, no. 6 (November 30, 2021): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jera.v5i6.2809.

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With the rapid advancement of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) in multi-agent systems, a variety of practical application challenges and solutions in the direction of multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) are surfacing. Path planning in a collision-free environment is essential for many robots to do tasks quickly and efficiently, and path planning for multiple robots using deep reinforcement learning is a new research area in the field of robotics and artificial intelligence. In this paper, we sort out the training methods for multi-robot path planning, as well as summarize the practical applications in the field of DRL-based multi-robot path planning based on the methods; finally, we suggest possible research directions for researchers.
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Yan, Chao, Xiaojia Xiang, Chang Wang, Fei Li, Xiangke Wang, Xin Xu, and Lincheng Shen. "PASCAL: PopulAtion-Specific Curriculum-based MADRL for collision-free flocking with large-scale fixed-wing UAV swarms." Aerospace Science and Technology 133 (February 2023): 108091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2022.108091.

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Li, Yanlong, Lei Liang, Jielin Fu, and Junyi Wang. "Multiagent Reinforcement Learning for Task Offloading of Space/Aerial-Assisted Edge Computing." Security and Communication Networks 2022 (May 2, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4193365.

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The task offloading in space-aerial-ground integrated network (SAGIN) has been envisioned as a challenging issue. In this paper, we investigate a space/aerial-assisted edge computing network architecture considering whether to take advantage of edge server mounted on the unmanned aerial vehicle and satellite for task offloading or not. By optimizing the energy consumption and completion delay, we formulate a NP-hard and non-convex optimization problem to minimize the computation cost, limited by the computation capacity and energy availability constraints. By formulating the problem as a Markov decision process (MDP), we propose a multiagent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL)-based scheme to obtain the optimal task offloading policies considering dynamic computation request and stochastic time-varying channel conditions, while ensuring the quality-of-service requirements. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the task offloading scheme learned from our proposed algorithm that can substantially reduce the average cost as compared to the other three single agent deep reinforcement learning schemes.
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Li, Xilun, Zhan Li, Xiaolong Zheng , Xuebo Yang , and Xinghu Yu . "The Study of Crash-Tolerant, Multi-Agent Offensive and Defensive Games Using Deep Reinforcement Learning." Electronics 12, no. 2 (January 8, 2023): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12020327.

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In the multi-agent offensive and defensive game (ODG), each agent achieves its goal by cooperating or competing with other agents. The multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) method is applied in similar scenarios to help agents make decisions. In various situations, the agents of both sides may crash due to collisions. However, the existing algorithms cannot deal with the situation where the number of agents reduces. Based on the multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient (MADDPG) algorithm, we study a method to deal with a reduction in the number of agents in the training process without changing the structure of the neural network (NN), which is called the frozen agent method for the MADDPG (FA-MADDPG) algorithm. In addition, we design a distance–collision reward function to help agents learn strategies better. Through the experiments in four scenarios with different numbers of agents, it is verified that the algorithm we proposed can not only successfully deal with the problem of agent number reduction in the training stage but also show better performance and higher efficiency than the MADDPG algorithm in simulation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "MADRL"

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Rojas, Espínola Katherine. "¿Buena Madre? ¿Mala Madre? Maternidad y dependencia de drogas." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/159198.

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Magister en Psicología, mención Psicología Clínica Infanto Juvenil
El presente estudio intentó develar la maternidad en contextos de adicción, por medio de entrevistas y observaciones etnográficas de dos mujeres madres con dependencia al consumo de sustancias, que iniciaron tratamiento de rehabilitación en un Programa Ambulatorio Intensivo de la III Región de Atacama. El estudio desarrolló un diseño cualitativo, que contempló observaciones etnográficas y entrevistas en profundidad a madres, familiares y miembros del equipo de salud tratante; con el propósito de comprender las prácticas de cuidado y los discursos sobre la maternidad. Mediante las observaciones etnográficas se buscó conocer las prácticas de cuidado a sus hijos, tanto en la vida cotidiana de su hogar y como en su proceso de rehabilitación. A su vez, por medio de las entrevistas se buscó conocer sus discursos sobre la maternidad, así como la visión de quienes participan de los procesos de rehabilitación de estas mujeres (red de apoyo familiar y equipo de salud mental tratante). Los resultados sugieren que las madres experimentan la maternidad de forma compleja, reestructurando su proyecto de vida e intentando avenirse con esta nueva identidad. La maternidad es valorada por el equipo de salud, de acuerdo a los resultados de su proceso terapéutico. Las madres realizan prácticas de cuidado hacia sus hijos, incluso en períodos de consumo. El rol de la familia muestra dos aristas, como apoyo y obstaculizador para el cuidado de los hijos y el proceso de rehabilitación
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Lema, M., A. Natividad, L. Ng, M. Pinillos, and M. J. Savitzky. "Potencial de Células Madre." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/272499.

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Carvalho, José Antonio Ribeiro de. "Projeto Viva Madre Deus." Florianópolis, SC, 2001. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/80445.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio-Econômico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração.
Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-18T14:24:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-09-25T21:53:51Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 191633.pdf: 2243401 bytes, checksum: 6d76f5442cbf6ae9a40a750893c0c6de (MD5)
Estudo da gestão pública sobre a cultura popular no bairro da Madre Deus em São Luís do Maranhão, analisando a relação entre governo do Estado e comunidade ao influenciar na organização da produção cultural. Apresentando-se como uma política de intervenção populista sobre a cultura popular, visando a retroalimentação do modelo político patrimonialista ao investir na infra-estrutura física e transformar o espaço cultural em produto turístico e de manipulação ideológica dos bens culturais.
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Acosta, Campos Láyonal Germán. "Colonización intraluminar testicular de células madres germinales a partir de células madre pluripotentes obtenidas de la masa celular interna en ratones." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/3174.

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La terapia celular de células madre pluripotentes o embrionarias utilizada por la medicina regenerativa es un protocolo recientemente aplicado. Estas células, son derivadas de la masa celular interna (MCI) del estadio de blastocisto y son capaces de diferenciarse en todos los linajes celulares del cuerpo. Por otro lado, el tratamiento de enfermedades crónicas como el cáncer requiere de potentes fármacos que, en ocasiones, producen efectos no deseados. Ciclofosfamida (CP) es una droga anticancerígena alquilante que, entre otras cosas, provoca como efecto secundario infertilidad. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue revertir dicho efecto negativo, mediante terapia celular, utilizando células de la MCI al diferenciarse in vivo en células madre germinales (CMG). Se utilizaron blastocistos de ratones albinos Swiss Rockefeller obtenidos a las 90 h post cópula. La MCI fue aislada mediante inmunocirugía y luego trasplantada a los túbulos seminíferos de ratones receptores C57BL, a los que previamente se les disminuyó drásticamente la línea germinal con CP (220mg/kg pc). Los animales receptores fueron mantenidos por 35 días en un bioterio en condición estándar; luego los animales fueron sacrificados por dislocación cervical, se extrajeron los testículos para evidenciar la colonización y diferenciación de la MCI mediante cortes histológicos seriados. La evaluación comprobó colonización intraluminal y presencia de minitúbulos (2%) en el 62.5% de los receptores transplantados. Se demostró que las células de la MCI tienen la capacidad de colonizar túbulos seminíferos de ratones adultos de diferentes cepas. Palabras claves: Colonización intraluminal, Masa Celular interna, Células Madre Pluripotentes, Células Madre Germinales, Minitúbulos.
Cellular therapy with embryonic or pluripotent stem cells used by regenerative medicine is a newly implemented protocol. These cells are derived from the blastocyst stage inner cell mass (ICM) and are capable of differentiating into all the body cell lineages. On the other hand, chronic diseases treatment such as cancer requires powerful drugs that sometimes cause unwanted effects. Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an alkylating anticancer drug that, among other things, causes infertility as a side effect. The aim of this research was reverse this negative effect by cell therapy using ICM to differentiate in vivo to germ stem cell (GSC). Swiss Rockefeller albino mice blastocyst stage embryos obtained 90 hours post coitus were used. The MCI was isolated by immunosurgery and then transplanted to the seminiferous tubules of recipient mice C57BL, which were previously germ line decreased drastically with CP (220mg/kg pc). The recipient animals were kept for 35 days in standard animal room conditions, after the animals were sacrificated by cervical dislocation; testes were removed to show the ICM colonization and differentiation by serial histological sections. The evaluation found the intraluminal colonization and presence of minitubules (2%) in the transplant recipients (62.5%). It is shown that the ICM cells have the ability to colonize seminiferous tubules of adult mice of different strains. Key words: Intraluminal Colonization, Inner Cell Mass, Pluripotent Stem Cells, Germ Stem Cells, Minitúbules.
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Becerra, Ivanovic Víctor Ignacio. "Aislamiento y diferenciación hepatogénica de células madre mesenquimales obtenidas desde médula ósea fetal bovina." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/131504.

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Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Médico Veterinario
Las células madre mesenquimales (CMM) son células indiferenciadas con alta capacidad proliferativa y de diferenciación multipotente hacia líneas celulares mesodérmicas que incluyen osteocitos, condrocitos y adipocitos. Estudios recientes indican que las CMM poseen adicionalmente capacidad de diferenciación hacia linajes celulares no mesodérmicos como el hepatogénico. El objetivo del presente estudio fue inducir diferenciación in vitro hepatogénica de CMM aisladas desde médula ósea fetal bovina. Las CMM fueron aisladas en base a su adherencia al plástico desde médula ósea aspirada desde fetos bovinos (n=3) y posteriormente cultivadas in vitro bajo condiciones hepatogénicas por un periodo de 28 días. Durante este periodo se analizó la expresión de los genes hepato-específicos Albúmina (ALB) y α-Fetoproteína (α-FP), de pluripotencia NANOG y la producción de metabolitos hepáticos Glicógeno, Urea y Albúmina. El análisis por PCR cuantitativo (Q-PCR) permitió detectar un aumento (P<0,05) en la expresión de ALB y α-FP (331 y 60 veces el valor del día 0, respectivamente) en CMM diferenciadas el día 28 de cultivo. En esta etapa también se detectaron mayores (P<0,05) niveles de Albúmina (1213 versus 232,9 µg/ml del control) y Urea (8,2 versus 5,5 mg/dl del control) en cultivos de CMM diferenciadas. La presencia de la proteína α-FP y de Glicógeno también fue detectada en estas células. Estos resultados indican que las CMM aisladas desde médula ósea fetal bovina poseen potencial de diferenciación hepatogénico bajo condiciones in vitro
Financiamiento: Proyecto Fondecyt N° 11100205
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Antezana, Pierinelli Fiorenza. "Relación madre-nana desde la perspectiva de la madre: estudio de casos con madres que trabajan." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/621916.

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Explora la relación madre-nana desde la perspectiva de la madre. Se realizó un estudio de caso múltiple, en el que participaron cuatro madres trabajadoras, siendo un estudio fenomenológico. Se recogió la información a través de una entrevista conversacional, una observación libre de interacción madre-nana-bebé y una entrevista semi-estructurada. Para el análisis de resultados de los casos, la información se sistematizó en ejes temáticos que emergieron de la data, siendo los siguientes: la construcción de la identidad materna como madre que trabaja y la relación de la madre con la nana; asimismo se planteó un contenido transversal que recogió elementos del vínculo de las madres con sus propios cuidadores. Uno de los hallazgos de la investigación es la relación entre la madre y la nana, en las cuales se actualizan contenidos de la relación de las madres con sus propios cuidadores cuando era niña. Otro de los hallazgos encontrados es la nana como intermediaria en la relación del niño con la madre.
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Ouhadi, Vahid Reza. "The role of marl components and ettringite on the stability of stabilized marl." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ37010.pdf.

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Castagnino, Vera Romina. "Biogeografía de la conservación en el neotrópico : estudio del ocelote (Leopardus pardalis) en el distrito de Las Piedras, Madre de Dios, Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/6400.

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La presente investigación busca empezar a cerrar el vacío de producción científica nacional de estudios del ocelote (Leopardus pardalis) y contribuir a mejorar el actual estado de conservación de este importante meso predador. Asimismo, ya que el ocelote es una especie popular para los turistas, este animal ayudará a fomentar el turismo en el área de estudio. Se plantea al ecoturismo como una excelente alternativa para mejorar el desarrollo del distrito de Las Piedras a través de una doble función: implementación de estrategias de conservación y la creación de empleo para la población local. El área de estudio es una concesión de conservación y ecoturismo de 11,000 hectáreas pertenecientes al albergue Amazon Research and Conservation Center (ARCC). Usando una combinación de imágenes satélite y software SIG, realizamos un análisis multitemporal de la deforestación del área de estudio entre los años 2000 al 2013 y encontramos que la mayor parte de ella se encuentra al sur de la provincia de Tambopata y a lo largo de la Carretera Interoceánica. Se realizó el muestro del ocelote instalando 73 cámaras en un periodo de 7 meses (agosto 2012 – febrero 2013) divididas en 9 rondas. Se identificaron 8 ocelotes individuales de los cuales solo 3 (A1, A3 y A6) fueron recapturados en más de una ocasión. Utilizando un análisis de captura-recaptura y con las distancias entre recapturas se estimó el área de muestreo efectiva usando el método del Promedio de la Máxima Distancia Recorrida (MMDM) y ½ MMDM (con 0.4 km y 0.2 km de distancia entre recapturas, respectivamente). Los modelos dieron como resultado una densidad poblacional de 0.7 ocelotes/km2 con MMDM, y de 1.8 ocelotes/km2 con ½ MMDM. Por otro lado, usando el software PRESENCE se analizó la probabilidad de captura de las cámaras trampa. A través de un modelo constante y análisis poblacional cerrado se estimó una detección para cada ronda de 0.3 (SE 0.0567). Finalmente, con imágenes satélite analizamos la vegetación presente y evaluamos la preferencia de hábitat de los ocelotes. Encontramos que la mayoría de los felinos capturados se encuentran cerca o en un sendero turístico y que prefieren las llanuras aluviales cercanas a las riberas de los ríos y cochas, y evitan los pantanos. Concluimos que el ecoturismo, a través del monitoreo constante de la fauna silvestre, permite conocer y entender la biodiversidad la Amazonía. Se utilizó al ocelote como animal modelo ya que presenta un rol ecológico y turístico valioso. Sin embargo, también existen muchos otros animales que se pueden utilizar como emblema para promocionar el ecoturismo y promover la conservación del mismo. La metodología de cámaras trampa utilizado en el estudio puede formar parte de un modelo de conservación replicable en otras partes de la Amazonía que tengan un contexto geográfico similar. El albergue ARCC pretende presentar un modelo de monitoreo que pueda servir como guía para otras iniciativas de ecoturismo en Las Piedras y así crear un corredor ecoturístico con otros albergues asentados a lo largo del río Las Piedras.
An ecological study of the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) has not been done before in the district of Las Piedras, Peru. This investigation seeks to begin closing the gap on the scientific production of feline studies in this region and contribute to the local conservation status and population health of this important meso predator. Additionally, the ocelot being a popular specie amongst tourists, helps promote the ecolodge’s tourism. Ecotourism presents an excellent alternative to improve the development of the district of Las Piedras through a dual function: implementation of conservation strategies and the creation of employment for the local population. The study area is an 11,000 ha. conservation and ecotourism concession owned by the ecolodge Amazon Research and Conservation Center. Using a combination of satellite images and GIS software, we performed a multi-temporal analysis of deforestation in the study area from 2000 to 2013 and found that most of it is located in the southern area of Tambopata province and along the Interoceanic Highway. For the home range analysis we installed 73 cameras over a sampling period of 7 months (August 2012 - February 2013) divided into 9 rounds. In total 8 individual ocelots were identified from which only 3 (A1, A3 and A6) were recaptured on more than one occasion. Using a capture-recapture analysis along with the distances between recaptures we found the effective sampling area using the following methods: Mean Maximum Distance Moved (MMDM) and ½ MMDM (with 0.4 km and 0.2 km between recaptures, respectively). The models yielded a population density of 0.7 ocelots/km2 with MMDM, and 1.8 ocelotes/km2 with ½ MMDM. On the other hand, using the software PRESENCE we analized the camera traps capture probability. Through a constant model and a closed population analysis it was estimated that the detection for each round was 0.3 (SE 0.0567). Finally, using a combination of satellite imagery and GIS software, we analyzed the ocelot habitat and we found that these animals frequently use transects aimed for tourists, they prefer floodplains nearby banks of rivers and lakes, and that they avoid bamboo forests and swaps. We conclude that ecotourism, through constant monitoring of wildlife, can help understand and preserve biodiversity in the Amazon. We used the ocelot as a model because it has a valuable ecological and touristic role. However, there are many other animals that can be used as a symbol to promote ecotourism and promote conservation. Camera trap methodology used in this study may be part of a conservation model that can be replicable in other parts of the Amazon that have a similar geographic context. The ARCC ecolodge aims to present a monitoring model that can serve as a guide for other initiatives in Las Piedras and create an ecotourism corridor with other ecolodges settled along the river Las Piedras.
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Riesco, Vasquez Fernando Mario. "Ultraestructura de células madre de cáncer de mama triple negativo y células madre mesenquimales derivadas de tejido adiposo." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/7623.

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Determina las diferencias estructurales y ultraestructurales, entre las células madre de cáncer de mama triple negativo (CMTN) y las células madre mesenquimales derivadas de tejido adiposo. La separación de células con el fenotipo CD44+/CD24-, se realiza para las líneas celulares MDA-MB 436 y MDA-MB 231 mediante la técnica de separación inmunomagnética que emplea perlas magnéticas marcadas con monoclonales específicos para este fenotipo (Miltenyi), para lo cual utiliza el separador magnético MACS (Miltenyi) y las columnas MS (Miltenyi). Se encuentran diferencias morfológicas mediante microscopia electrónica de transmisión y microscopia electrónica de barrido entre las CMC y los otros inmunofenotipos seleccionados CD44+/CD24+ y CD44-/CD24-. Entre estas diferencias están la forma esférica y menor tamaño (13µm) de las CMC de la línea celular MDA-MB 436 en comparación a los otros inmunofenotipos. Se encuentran entre las células de la línea MDA-MB 436 que experimentan, transición de células mesenquimales a células epitelial (TME), y las células madre mesenquimales derivadas. Recomienda estudios a nivel de expresión e inmunomarcaje para corroborar la TME.
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Araya, Cordero Diego Baltazar. "Aislamiento y diferenciación adipogénica de células madre mesenquimales bovinas obtenidas desde médula ósea fetal." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/131468.

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Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Médico Veterinario
Las células madre mesenquimales (CMM) son células indiferenciadas adultas, capaces de diferenciarse hacia múltiples tipos celulares incluyendo los linajes osteogénico, condrogénico y adipogénico. Previamente se han caracterizado CMM de varias especies como la humana, murina, ovina y felina entre otras. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo el aislamiento de CMM desde médula ósea (MO) fetal bovina y la diferenciación adipogénica de CMM bajo condiciones in vitro durante 18 días. Las CMM fueron aisladas desde MO en base a su capacidad de adherencia al plástico. Las CMM fueron analizadas por PCR cuantitativo (Q-PCR) los días 0, 6, 12 y 18 para cuantificación de los genes endógenos GAPDH y β-ACTINA, de diferenciación adipogénica PPARγ-2, AP-2 y de pluripotencia NANOG. Se determinó un aumento (P<0,05) en los niveles de ARNm de AP-2 en CMM diferenciadas los días 12 y 18 de cultivo (16,4 y 17 veces la expresión del día 0 y 2,2 y 5,1 veces la expresión del día 0 en los controles sin tratamiento). La expresión de PPARγ-2 y NANOG no mostró diferencias significativas entre tratamientos o días de cultivo. La expresión de la proteína PPARγ-2 fue detectada mediante inmunofluorescencia indirecta en las CMM diferenciadas el día 18 de cultivo. La adipogénesis fue confirmada en CMM diferenciadas por medio de la detección de vacuolas lipídicas. En base a estos resultados, se puede concluir que es posible aislar CMM bovinas desde MO fetal en base a su capacidad de adherencia al plástico. Las CMM obtenidas desde MO fetal bovina poseen el potencial de diferenciación adipogénica bajo condiciones in vitro
Financiamiento: Proyecto Fondecyt 1100205
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Books on the topic "MADRL"

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Camacho, Víctor Angulo. Madre. [Peru?: s.n., 1995.

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Mefitis: Dalle madri alla madre : un tema religioso italico e la sua interpretazione romana e cristiana. Roma: Bulzoni, 2006.

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Dea madre. Milano: Electa, 2006.

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Sáenz, Félix Alvarez. Madre Sacramento. Asunción: Arandurã Editorial, 2000.

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Estrada, Rogelio Solórzano. Madre naturaleza. Caracas, República Bolivariana de Venezuela: Mélinton Salazar, Editor, 2005.

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Cento madri. Forlì: Foschi, 2009.

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Clarà, Israel. Madre tierra. Badalona: Òmicron, 2011.

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Fuente, Ana María de la., ed. Lengua madre. Barcelona: Seix Barral, 1996.

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Deledda, Grazia. La madre. [Milano]: A. Mondadori, 1988.

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Iniesta, Alberto. Madre Madrid. Albacete: [Editora Municipal], 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "MADRL"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Marl." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 445. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_7192.

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Riosmena-Rodriguez, Rafael, Viviana Peña-Freire, Daniela Basso, Nestor M. Robinson, and Gustavo Hinojosa-Arango. "Rhodolith/Maerl." In Encyclopedia of Estuaries, 504–5. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8801-4_270.

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Romo-Carmona, Mariana. "Una madre." In Compañeras: Latina Lesbians (An Anthology), Lesbianas Latinoamericanas (Expandido en Español), 185–93. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003320166-41.

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Golden, Leslie M. "A Shayna Madel." In Never Split Tens!, 13–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63486-9_2.

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Ramponi, Giorgia. "Learning in the Presence of Multiple Agents." In Special Topics in Information Technology, 93–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15374-7_8.

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AbstractReinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful tool to solve sequential decision-making problems, where a learning agent interacts with an unknown environment in order to maximize its rewards. Although most RL real-world applications involve multiple agents, the Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) framework is still poorly understood from a theoretical point of view. In this manuscript, we take a step toward solving this problem, providing theoretically sound algorithms for three RL sub-problems with multiple agents: Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL), online learning in MARL, and policy optimization in MARL. We start by considering the IRL problem, providing novel algorithms in two different settings: the first considers how to recover and cluster the intentions of a set of agents given demonstrations of near-optimal behavior; the second aims at inferring the reward function optimized by an agent while observing its actual learning process. Then, we consider online learning in MARL. We showed how the presence of other agents can increase the hardness of the problem while proposing statistically efficient algorithms in two settings: Non-cooperative Configurable Markov Decision Processes and Turn-based Markov Games. As the third sub-problem, we study MARL from an optimization viewpoint, showing the difficulties that arise from multiple function optimization problems and providing a novel algorithm for this scenario.
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Strauß, Manfred. "Deledda, Grazia: La madre." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1–2. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_3349-1.

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Tchalekian, Bruna Borba de Araujo. "Dória, Madre Cristina Sodré." In The Palgrave Biographical Encyclopedia of Psychology in Latin America, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38726-6_637-1.

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Mattei, Isis Rakia. "Yemaya Madre de Agua." In Emergent Possibilities for Global Sustainability, 219. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2016. Identifiers: LCCN 2016001739| ISBN 9781138830059 (hb) | ISBN 9781315737478 (ebook): Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315737478-33.

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"MAD3L." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 2909. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_102133.

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"madril." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 830. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_130057.

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Conference papers on the topic "MADRL"

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Chang, Hao-Hsuan, R. B. Sai Sree, Hao Chen, Jianzhong Zhang, and Lingjia Liu. "MADRL Based Scheduling for 5G and Beyond." In MILCOM 2022 - 2022 IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/milcom55135.2022.10017708.

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Lee, Heunchul, and Jaeseong Jeong. "Multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) meets multi-user MIMO systems." In GLOBECOM 2021 - 2021 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globecom46510.2021.9685914.

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Yang, Yaodong, Jianye Hao, Yan Zheng, and Chao Yu. "Large-Scale Home Energy Management Using Entropy-Based Collective Multiagent Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/89.

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Smart grids are contributing to the demand-side management by integrating electronic equipment, distributed energy generation and storage and advanced meters and controllers. With the increasing adoption of electric vehicles and distributed energy generation and storage systems, residential energy management is drawing more and more attention, which is regarded as being critical to demand-supply balancing and peak load reduction. In this paper, we focus on a microgrid scenario in which modern homes interact together under a large-scale setting to better optimize their electricity cost. We first make households form a group with an economic stimulus. Then we formulate the energy expense optimization problem of the household community as a multi-agent coordination problem and present an Entropy-Based Collective Multiagent Deep Reinforcement Learning (EB-C-MADRL) framework to address it. Experiments with various real-world data demonstrate that EB-C-MADRL can reduce both the long-term group power consumption cost and daily peak demand effectively compared with existing approaches.
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Cao, Di, Junbo Zhao, Weihao Hu, Fei Ding, Guozhou Zhang, Qi Huang, and Zhe Chen. "Decentralized Voltage Control of Large-Scale Distribution System with PVs Based on MADRL." In 2021 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm46819.2021.9638121.

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Yang, Lizhao, Kaifang Wan, Jianqiang Tang, Jinliang Li, and Junzong Chen. "Research on Online Firepower Distribution of Multi-bomb Cooperative Anti-ship Based on MADRL." In 2022 7th International Conference on Control and Robotics Engineering (ICCRE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccre55123.2022.9770241.

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Zhao, Dongyang, Liang Zhang, Bo Zhang, Lizhou Zheng, Yongjun Bao, and Weipeng Yan. "MaHRL." In SIGIR '20: The 43rd International ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in Information Retrieval. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3397271.3401170.

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Hong, Sungpack, Hassan Chafi, Edic Sedlar, and Kunle Olukotun. "Green-Marl." In the seventeenth international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2150976.2151013.

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Rahmati, Mehdi, Mohammad Nadeem, Vidyasagar Sadhu, and Dario Pompili. "UW-MARL." In WUWNET'19: International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3366486.3366533.

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Smeda, A., M. Oussalah, and T. Khammaci. "MADL: Meta Architecture Description Language." In Third ACIS Int'l Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications (SERA'05). IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sera.2005.50.

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Jaiswal, Sunil Prasad, Sungsoo Ha, and Klaus Mueller. "MADR: metal artifact detection and reduction." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Despina Kontos, Thomas G. Flohr, and Joseph Y. Lo. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2216918.

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Reports on the topic "MADRL"

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Jung, Chulmin, Sochan Jung, and Antonio Bobet. Classification of Marl Soils. West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284314286.

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Vázquez Iglesias, Lorena. Porque madre solo hay una: marcadores de células madre de cáncer de colon claves en la terapia contra el cáncer. Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular (SEBBM), March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18567/sebbmdiv_rpc.2016.03.1.

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Alfaro, Daniela, and Glenda Huerto. Mujeres castañeras: las concesiones de castaña a través de la mirada y la experiencia de las mujeres titulares en Madre de Dios, Perú. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003681.

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El estudio recoge las experiencias e impresiones de las mujeres titulares de castañas de Madre de Dios obtenidas durante el desarrollo del proyecto “Mitigación de la deforestación de las concesiones castañeras en Madre de Dios, Perú”. Para ello se realizaron 105 encuestas, 16 entrevistas y 4 grupos focales, que permitieron reunir información sociodemográfica y conocer el grado de participación de las mujeres titulares en las diferentes etapas de la cadena de aprovechamiento de castaña. Asimismo, se recogieron las percepciones de las mujeres acerca del acceso a la titularidad de las concesiones, los beneficios, desventajas y problemáticas existentes, su relación con el bosque, el rol que juegan en las etapas de la cadena de aprovechamiento, la relación que sostienen con diferentes actores y su participación política en espacios como las asociaciones de castañas, entre otros.
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Liras, Antonio. Aplicación de las células madre en la terapéutica ¿Ficción o realidad? Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular (SEBBM), January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18567/sebbmdiv_rpc.2012.01.1.

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Díaz-Flores, Ernesto. Citometría multiparamétrica y de masas: tecnología láser en busca de células madre leucémicas. Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular (SEBBM), January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18567/sebbmdiv_rpc.2013.01.1.

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McDowell, Fred. Geologic Transect Across the Northern Sierra Madre Occidental Volcanic Field, Chihuahua and Sonora, Mexico. Geological Society of America, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2007.dmch006.

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Shelton, Timothy W., and Dennis Webb. Port Isabel (GIWW) Channel Improvements at the Queen Isabella Causeway. Laguna Madre, Texas, Navigation Improvement Project. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada508606.

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Coeytaux, Francine, and Beverly Winikoff. Festejando a la madre y al bebé en el cuarentavo día el programa post-parto de Sfax, Tunicia. Population Council, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy4.1019.

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E., Perales, and Guariguata M. ¿Qué dicen los números?: Consideraciones para una simplificación normativa del aprovechamiento y transporte de la castaña en Madre de Dios. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/005546.

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Lopez, Raquel C., Emma P. Abasolo, and Rodel D. Lasco. Carbon-forestry projects in the Philippines: potential and challenges: the Quirino forest-carbon development project in Sierra Madre Biodiversity Corridor. World Agroforestry Centre, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp11056.pdf.

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