Relevant bibliographies by topics / MADIX controlled radical polymerization

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Academic literature on the topic 'MADIX controlled radical polymerization'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "MADIX controlled radical polymerization"

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Etchenausia, Laura, Abdel Khoukh, Elise Deniau Lejeune, and Maud Save. "RAFT/MADIX emulsion copolymerization of vinyl acetate and N-vinylcaprolactam: towards waterborne physically crosslinked thermoresponsive particles." Polymer Chemistry 8, no. 14 (2017): 2244–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7py00221a.

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Destarac, Mathias, Wojciech Bzducha, Daniel Taton, Isabelle Gauthier-Gillaizeau, and Samir Z. Zard. "Xanthates as Chain-Transfer Agents in Controlled Radical Polymerization (MADIX): Structural Effect of the O-Alkyl Group." Macromolecular Rapid Communications 23, no. 17 (December 2002): 1049–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.200290002.

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Destarac, Mathias, Juliette Ruchmann-Sternchuss, Eric Van Gramberen, Xavier Vila, and Samir Z. Zard. "α-Amido Trifluoromethyl Xanthates: A New Class of RAFT/MADIX Agents." Molecules 29, no. 10 (May 7, 2024): 2174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29102174.

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Xanthates have long been described as poor RAFT/MADIX agents for styrene polymerization. Through the determination of chain transfer constants to xanthates, this work demonstrated beneficial capto-dative substituent effects for the leaving group of a new series of α-amido trifluoromethyl xanthates, with the best effect observed with trifluoroacetyl group. The previously observed Z-group activation with a O-trifluoroethyl group compared to the O-ethyl counterpart was quantitatively established with Cex = 2.7 (3–4 fold increase) using the SEC peak resolution method. This study further confirmed the advantageous incorporation of trifluoromethyl substituents to activate xanthates in radical chain transfer processes and contributed to identify the most reactive xanthate reported to date for RAFT/MADIX polymerization of styrene.
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Seiler, Lucie, Julien Loiseau, Frédéric Leising, Pascal Boustingorry, Simon Harrisson, and Mathias Destarac. "Acceleration and improved control of aqueous RAFT/MADIX polymerization of vinylphosphonic acid in the presence of alkali hydroxides." Polymer Chemistry 8, no. 25 (2017): 3825–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7py00747g.

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Wang, Pucheng, Jingwen Dai, Lei Liu, Qibao Dong, Hu Wang, and Ruke Bai. "Synthesis and properties of a well-defined copolymer of chlorotrifluoroethylene and N-vinylpyrrolidone by xanthate-mediated radical copolymerization under 60Co γ-ray irradiation." Polym. Chem. 5, no. 21 (2014): 6358–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4py00902a.

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Theis, Alexander, Thomas P. Davis, Martina H. Stenzel, and Christopher Barner-Kowollik. "Probing the reaction kinetics of vinyl acetate free radical polymerization via living free radical polymerization (MADIX)." Polymer 47, no. 4 (February 2006): 999–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.12.054.

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Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof. "Controlled radical polymerization." Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science 1, no. 6 (December 1996): 769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-0286(96)80101-x.

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Gaynor, Scott, Dorota Greszta, Daniela Mardare, Mircea Teodorescu, and Krzysztof Matyjaszewski. "Controlled Radical Polymerization." Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 31, no. 11 (January 1994): 1561–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10601329408545868.

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Bertin, Denis, and Bernard Boutevin. "Controlled radical polymerization." Polymer Bulletin 37, no. 3 (September 1996): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00318066.

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Zard, Samir Z. "The Genesis of the Reversible Radical Addition–Fragmentation–Transfer of Thiocarbonylthio Derivatives from the Barton–McCombie Deoxygenation: A Brief Account and Some Mechanistic Observations." Australian Journal of Chemistry 59, no. 10 (2006): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch06263.

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The observations and reasoning leading to the discovery of the degenerative transfer of xanthates and related thiocarbonylthio derivatives are briefly described. A few synthetic applications are presented, and the consequences on the emergence of the RAFT and MADIX polymerization technologies as well as some mechanistic aspects are briefly discussed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "MADIX controlled radical polymerization"

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Simms, Ryan W. "Living/controlled Polymerization Conducted in Aqueous Based Systems." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/700.

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Miguel-Arricau, Sophie. "Corrélation structure/propriété de polymères à base d'acrylamide pour des applications en récupération assistée des hydrocarbures (RAH)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2022. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04010751.

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La connaissance des propriétés physico-chimiques des solutions de polymères utilisées en récupération assistée des hydrocarbures (RAH) est essentielle pour une bonne efficience du procédé. Ces travaux avaient pour but de conforter et enrichir un modèle de viscosité universelle dépendant du paramètre de recouvrement C[η] qui permet de prendre en compte l'occupation du milieu par les chaînes macromoléculaires (concentration d'enchevêtrement critique, C*, régimes dilué et semi-dilué). Les effets des microstructures, de la taille et de la composition des polymères ont été étudiés via la synthèse d'une librairie d'échantillons par polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée (RADT/MADIX) : polyacrylamides, copolymères statistiques et asymétriques acrylamide-acrylate de sodium, polyacrylamides post-hydrolysés. Chaque polymère a été caractérisé par chromatographie d'exclusion stérique et par rhéologie capillaire dont les protocoles et techniques ont été optimisées. Les effets de la microstructure sur les propriétés physico-chimiques dimensionnelles, rhéologiques et complexantes ont été déterminés. Mes travaux de thèse doivent répondre aux deux questions principales suivantes : Quel est l'effet de la microstructure et de la dispersité du polymère sur le modèle ? Quelle(s) est (sont) la(les) limite(s) du modèle en termes d'application ? Mes travaux incluent donc l'élaboration de polymères modèles couvrant une large gamme de masses molaires (de quelques dizaines de milliers à plusieurs millions de g/mol). Les polymères modèles sont de structures variées allant d'homopolymères aux copolymères statistiques et à blocs. Après leur caractérisation complète (composition chimique et structure), les propriétés rhéologiques des solutions sont étudiées. Pour cela, mes travaux comprennent le développement, au sein du laboratoire et spécifiquement pour cette étude, d'un rhéomètre capillaire. Les résultats expérimentaux sont alors comparés au modèle établi pour les polymères industriels pour accroître le potentiel du modèle
The knowledge of the physico-chemical properties of polymer solutions for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is crucial to optimize the process. The purpose of this work was to consolidate and complete an universal viscosity model depending on C[η] parameter. The later allows taking into account the degree of interpenetration of polymer chains (critical concentration, C*, diluted and semi-diluted solutions). Various polymer parameters have been studied as the effects of microstructures, polymer size (molar mass and dispersity) as well as chemical composition. A library of polymer models was elaborated by controlled radical polymerization (RADT/MADIX). Series of polyacrylamides, statistical and asymmetric copolymers of acrylamide-sodium acrylate and post-hydrolyzed polyacrylamides were synthesized and characterized by steric exclusion chromatography and capillary rheology and the analytical protocols and techniques were optimized. The effects of the microstructure onto dimensional, rheological and complexation physico-chemical properties were determined
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Wang, Aileen Ruiling Zhu Shiping. "Diffusion-controlled atom transfer radical polymerization." *McMaster only, 2005.

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Mochizuki, Shuto. "Controlled radical polymerization in designed porous materials." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242535.

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Qi, Genggeng. "Unconventional radical miniemulsion polymerization." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26547.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Jones, Christopher W.; Committee Chair: Schork, F. Joseph; Committee Member: Koros, William J.; Committee Member: Lyon, Andrew; Committee Member: Nenes, Athanasios. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Yin, Meizhen. "Synthesis and controlled radical polymerization of multifunctional monomers." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1091453146703-47835.

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Multifunctional monomers on the basis of acryl- and methacryl derivatives were synthesized and different protective groups were used. After polymerization the protective groups were removed by different methods. Various initiators for the NMP of the monomers were synthesized and the reaction conditions were optimized. The results showed that NMP was not a suitable method for multifunctional acryl- and methacryl derivatives to achieve well-defined homopolymers, although it was successful for control of polymerization of styrene and block copolymerization of multifunctional acryl- and methacryl derivatives with alkoxyamine terminated polystyrene. The ATRP of multifunctional acrylates and methacrylates has been successfully performed, as well as the block copolymerization of multifunctional acrylates and methacrylates. Relatively low polydispersities of the corresponding polymers (PD=1.18-1.36) and reasonably high rates of polymerization could be achieved when Me6TREN and PMDETA were used as ligands. However, the ATRP of multifunctional acrylamides and methacrylamides failed. The RAFT-polymerization of styrene, acrylamide and acrylate using BDTB as a CTA and AIBN as an initiator afforded polymers with narrow molecular weight distribution (PD=1.13-1.26). A kinetic investigation and the further synthesis of block copolymers using dithioester-terminated homopolymers as macroCTAs showed that the RAFT polymerization of acrylamide M9b proceeded in a living manner. However, BDTB does not control the reaction of methacrylic monomers, such as methacrylates and methacrylamides. The bulk phase behavior of the block copolymers were examined by means of DSC and the surface behaviors of block copolymers as thin layers were examined with AFM. Two-phase transitions in the block copolymers were observed clearly by DSC, indicative of the appearance of phase separations, which were seen in an AFM image. In conclusion, multifunctional acryl- and methacryl derivatives failed to achieve well-defined homopolymers by NMP. However, this method was successful for block copolymerization of multifunctional acryl- and methacryl derivatives with alkoxyamine terminated polystyrene. Multifunctional acrylates and methacrylates were successfully homopolymerized and block copolymerized by ATRP. Multifunctional acrylates and acrylamides were suitable for homopolymerization and block copolymerization by the RAFT process. Thus far, it is difficult to homopolymerize multifunctional methacrylamides in controlled way.
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Heredia, Karina Lynn. "Synthesis of polymer bioconjugates using controlled radical polymerization." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1583873071&sid=37&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Minaux, Eric. "Controlled radical polymerization at pressures up to 2000 bar." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962677035.

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Carlmark, Anna. "Complex Macromolecular Architectures by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Fibre and Polymer Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3740.

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Controlled radical polymerization has proven to be a viableroute to obtain polymers with narrow polydispersities (PDI's)and controlled molecular weights under simple reactionconditions. It also offers control over the chain-]ends of thesynthesized polymer. Atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP) is the most studied and utilized of these techniques. Inthis study ATRP has been utilized as a tool to obtain differentcomplex macromolecular structures.

In order to elaborate a system for which a multitude ofchains can polymerize in a controlled manner and in closeproximity to one another, a multifunctional initiator based onpoly(3-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)oxetane was synthesized. Themacroinitiator was used to initiate ATRP of methyl acrylate(MA). The resulting dendritic-]linear copolymer hybrids hadcontrolled molecular weights and low PDI's. Essentially thesame system was used for the grafting of MA from a solidsubstrate, cellulose. A filter paper was used as cellulosesubstrate and the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose weremodified into bromo-]ester groups, known to initiate ATRP.Subsequent grafting of MA by ATRP on the cellulose made thesurface hydrophobic. The amount of polymer that was attached tothe cellulose could be tailored. In order to control that thesurface polymerization was -eliving-f and hence that thechain-]end functionality was intact, a second layer of ahydrophilic monomer, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, was graftedonto the PMA- grafted cellulose. This dramatically changed thehydrophilicity of the cellulose.

Dendronized polymers of generation one, two and three weresynthesized by ATRP of acrylic macromonomers based on2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid. In the macromonomerroute, macromonomers of each generation were polymerized byATRP. The polymerizations resulted in polymers with low PDI's.The kinetics of the reactions were investigated, and thepolymerizations followed first-order kinetics when ethyl2-bromopropionate was used as the initiator. In the-egraft-]onto-f route dendrons were divergently attached to adendronized polymer of generation one, that had been obtainedby ATRP.

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Aksakal, Resat. "Functional polymers via Cu-mediated radical polymerization." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2018. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/36215.

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This work reports the investigation of Cu-mediated polymerization systems and its limits, in order to obtain functional branched polymers, in particular star-shaped and graft-shaped polymers. A novel initiator structure has allowed developing a new approach to synthesise sequence controlled multiblock star polymers via Cu-mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) in water. This technique allows the preparation of pentablock star shaped polymers in just under 90 minutes of reaction time. The obtained polymers had a good agreement between theoretical and experimental molecular weights and excellent control over molecular weight distribution. Alternatively, the Cu-mediated RDRP of star polymers using a British 1 penny coin was described, displaying similar results as in the literature, providing better experimental conditions. As the copper coin was recovered unharmed, the catalyst was found to be economically very effective. Furthermore, poly(2-ethyl oxazoline) (PEtOx) was polymerized with good control and partially hydrolysed to poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) to yield PEtOx-r-PEI using a microwave reactor. The secondary amines of PEI was converted to macroinitiators, to allow the polymerization of acrylamides in aqueous medium, resulting in graft type polymers based on a poly(oxazoline) backbone with acrylamide side chains. Finally, the synthesis of carbohydrate-monomers was described, which allows to obtain monomers with a different number of carbohydrates (one, two or three). These monomers were polymerised via aqueous SET-LRP, to explore their interaction with carbohydrate binding lectins and to understand the impact on binding of carbohydrate density on polymers and polymer chain length.
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Books on the topic "MADIX controlled radical polymerization"

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Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof, ed. Controlled Radical Polymerization. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1998-0685.

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K, Matyjaszewski, American Chemical Society. Division of Polymer Chemistry., and American Chemical Society Meeting, eds. Controlled radical polymerization. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1998.

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Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof, ed. Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization. Washington, D C: American Chemical Society, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2006-0944.

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Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof, ed. Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2000-0768.

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Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof, Brent S. Sumerlin, Nicolay V. Tsarevsky, and John Chiefari, eds. Controlled Radical Polymerization: Mechanisms. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2015-1187.

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Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof, Brent S. Sumerlin, Nicolay V. Tsarevsky, and John Chiefari, eds. Controlled Radical Polymerization: Materials. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2015-1188.

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Tsarevsky, Nicolay V., and Brent S. Sumerlin, eds. Fundamentals of Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781849737425.

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Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof, ed. Advances in Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2003-0854.

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K, Matyjaszewski, American Chemical Society. Division of Polymer Chemistry, and American Chemical Society Meeting, eds. Advances in controlled/living radical polymerization. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2003.

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Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof, ed. Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization: Progress in ATRP. Washington DC: American Chemical Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1023.

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Book chapters on the topic "MADIX controlled radical polymerization"

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Ambade, Ashootosh V. "Controlled Radical Polymerization." In Metal-Catalyzed Polymerization, 161–77. Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2018.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315153919-5.

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Reynaud, Stéphanie, and Bruno Grassl. "Microwave-Assisted Controlled Radical Polymerization." In Microwave-assisted Polymer Synthesis, 131–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2014_302.

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Spanswick, James, and Bernard Pike. "Opportunities in Controlled Radical Polymerization." In ACS Symposium Series, 385–96. Washington DC: American Chemical Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1023.ch026.

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Lefay, Catherine, and Julien Nicolas. "Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization in Aqueous Miniemulsion." In Miniemulsion Polymerization Technology, 173–210. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470922354.ch7.

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Flores, Joel D., Brooks A. Abel, DeeDee Smith, and Charles L. McCormick. "Stimuli-Responsive Polymers Via Controlled Radical Polymerization." In Monitoring Polymerization Reactions, 45–58. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118733813.ch3.

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Khabibullin, Amir, Erlita Mastan, Krzysztof Matyjaszewski, and Shiping Zhu. "Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization." In Controlled Radical Polymerization at and from Solid Surfaces, 29–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2015_311.

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Tang, Huadong, Maciej Radosz, and Youqing Shen. "Controlled/"Living" Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Acetate." In ACS Symposium Series, 139–57. Washington DC: American Chemical Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1023.ch010.

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Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof. "Overview: Fundamentals of Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization." In ACS Symposium Series, 2–30. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1998-0685.ch001.

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Phan, Trang N. T., Jacques Jestin, and Didier Gigmes. "Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization from Surfaces." In Controlled Radical Polymerization at and from Solid Surfaces, 1–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2015_317.

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Cenacchi-Pereira, Ana, Eliana Grant, Franck D’Agosto, Muriel Lansalot, and Elodie Bourgeat-Lami. "Encapsulation with the Use of Controlled Radical Polymerization." In Encyclopedia of Polymeric Nanomaterials, 1–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36199-9_347-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "MADIX controlled radical polymerization"

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Yoshida, Jun-ichi, and Aiichiro Nagaki. "Flash Chemistry - Fast Chemical Synthesis in Micro Flow Systems." In ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2009-82157.

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Flash chemistry is a field of chemical synthesis where extremely fast reactions are conducted in a highly controlled manner. A key element of flash chemistry is the control of extremely fast reactions to obtain the desired products selectively. For extremely fast reactions, kinetics often cannot be used because of the lack of homogeneity of the reaction environment when they are conducted in conventional reactors such as flasks. Fast micromixing by virtue of short diffusion path solves such problems. Fast reactions are usually highly exothermic, and heat removal is an important factor in controlling such reactions. Heat transfer occurs very rapidly in micro flow systems by virtue of a large surface area per unit volume, making precise temperature control possible. Another important point is that fast reactions often involve highly unstable intermediates, which decompose very quickly, making reaction control difficult. The residence time can be greatly reduced in micro flow systems, and this feature is quite effective in controlling such reactions. The concept of flash chemistry has been successfully applied to various organic reactions for synthesis including (a) reactions in which undesired byproducts are produced in the subsequent reactions in conventional reactors, (b) highly exothermic reactions that are difficult to control in conventional reactors, and (c) reactions in which a reactive intermediate easily decomposes in conventional reactors. The concept of flash chemistry can be also applied to polymer synthesis. Cationic polymerization can be conducted with an excellent level of molecular-weight control and molecular-weight distribution control. Radical polymerization in micro flow systems leads to better molecular weight distribution control than macro batch systems. Anionic polymerization can also be carried out micro flow systems at higher temperatures than macro batch systems with high degree of molecular weight distribution control.
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Jian, Guoqing, Ashok Santra, Hasmukh A. Patel, and Ahmet Atilgan. "A Novel Star Polymer based Fluid Loss Control Additive for Non-Aqueous Drilling Fluids." In SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213791-ms.

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Abstract Non-aqueous fluids (NAF) are considered as efficient and reliable drilling fluid systems for challenging wellbore conditions, such as high-temperature drilling operations. NAFs require fluid loss control additives to reduce filtration loss into the formation with minimum filter cake thickness. Polymer developed in this work demonstrated exceptional properties such as high dispersibility, good thermal stability and low plastic viscosity, when compared with traditional natural and synthetic-based fluid loss control additives (e.g., gilsonite). We have utilized a synthetic molecular optimization process to precisely adjust the hydrophilic-lyophilic balance (HLB) by altering the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic monomers. This has allowed us to achieve an HLB that facilitates easy dispersion within NAF formulations. The star polymer was produced using a controlled/radical polymerization technique called Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer polymerization (RAFT). The properties of the NAFs, such as rheology, fluid loss, mud cake thickness, and emulsion stability, were evaluated and compared with commercially available fluid loss control additives under simulated downhole pressure and temperature conditions. The chemical structure and thermal stability of the star polymer were analyzed using spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The spectroscopic studies confirmed the formation of desired polymeric structures and the molecular weight desired. Star-polymer synthesized herein has excellent thermal stability up to 450 °F with great fluid loss control and ultrathin filter cake for NAF systems for mud weight ranging from 10 to 17 lbm/gal. The star polymer also improves emulsion stability. Plastic viscosity (PV) is usually increased with the addition of commercially available fluid loss control additives; however, star-polymer had a negligible effect on PV. Results for both diesel and mineral oil-based mud systems will be presented. High-temperature high-pressure viscometer (Fann 77) was used to study rheological properties at up to 350 °F and 10,000 psi. Our recent work has resulted in the creation of a cutting-edge star polymer (NSP) for use in the industry's next-gen high-performance fluid loss additives. The polymer network can be efficiently synthesized and scaled up for commercial production, providing engineers with an improved solution for drilling high-temperature wells (up to 350°F) with reduced plastic viscosity and increased emulsion stability, while also providing excellent fluid loss control.
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Reports on the topic "MADIX controlled radical polymerization"

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Matyjaszewski, K., S. Gaynor, D. Greszta, D. Mardare, and T. Shigemoto. Unimolecular and Bimoleculare Exchange Reactiions in Controlled Radical Polymerization. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada295862.

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Hu, S., J. H. Malpert, X. Yang, and D. C. Neckers. Exploring Chromophore Tethered Aminoethers as Potential Photoinitiators for Controlled Radical Polymerization. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada370961.

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Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof. The Importance of Exchange Reactions in Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization in the Presence of Alkoxyamines and Transition Metals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada309796.

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