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Journal articles on the topic 'Macruronus novaezelandiae'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

LESLIE, ROBIN W., OFER GON, and GAVIN GOUWS. "The taxonomic status of the South African straptail, Macruronus capensis Davies, 1950 (Pisces, Gadiformes, Macruronidae)." Zootaxa 4374, no. 1 (January 17, 2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4374.1.5.

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The first record of the straptail fish, genus Macruronus, from South Africa was based on a single specimen captured off the Atlantic Cape coast and described as a new species, M. capensis Davies 1950. Davies did not examine specimens of the other extant nominal species in the genus, but based his conclusions solely on references to the original descriptions of M. novaezelandiae (Hector 1870) and M. magellanicus Lönnberg 1907. We show that all of the characters used by Davies (1950) to distinguish M. capensis from its congeners are in fact shared by the other nominal species of this genus. We also present molecular evidence from a Macruronus specimen recently caught off South Africa to support the conclusion that M. capensis is a junior synonym of M. novaezelandiae.

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2

Fenton, GE, DA Ritz, and SA Short. "210Pb/226Ra Disequilibria in Otoliths of Blue Grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae; Problems associated with Radiometric ageing." Marine and Freshwater Research 41, no. 4 (1990): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9900467.

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Otoliths from blue grenadier (Macruronus novaezelandiae), which had been aged previously by annuli analysis, were analysed for the naturally occurring radionuclides 210Pb and 226Ra in an attempt to independently verify their age. However, the radiometric technique could not be applied to determine age because the results showed that 226Ra was not incorporated at a constant rate throughout the life of M. novaezelandiae. Uptake of 226Ra was greater in juveniles than in adult fish. This was probably due to the juvenile phase inhabiting inshore/estuarine waters.

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3

Jones, J. B. "Net damage injuries to New Zealand hoki,Macruronus novaezelandiae." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 27, no. 1 (March 1993): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1993.9516542.

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4

Bulman, CM, and SJM Blaber. "Feeding ecology of Macruronus novaezelandiae (Hector) (Teleostei : Merlucciidae) in south-eastern Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 37, no. 5 (1986): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9860621.

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The diet and feeding ecology of the demersal merlucciid M. novaezelandiae from three areas of the upper continental slope (420-550 m) of south-eastern Australia are described. The food consists almost entirely of mesopelagic fauna. The major prey are myctophid fish Lampanyctodes hectoris, other fishes, natant decapods, euphausiids and squid. Energy values of major prey items were determined by bomb calorimetry. Although euphausiids occur frequently in the diet, fish make up 90% of the energy intake. There is little regional variation. M. novaezelandiae undertakes diel vertical migrations that are similar to those of its prey, bringing it within 50 m of the surface at night. There is a seasonal trend towards cannibalism by adults on juveniles.

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5

Jay, C. V. "Structure and volume of the hoki,Macruronus novaezelandiae(Merlucciidae), swimbladder." Journal of Fish Biology 43, no. 4 (October 1993): 633–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1993.tb00446.x.

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6

Murdoch, Robin C. "Diet of hoki larvae (Macruronus novaezelandiae) off Westland, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 24, no. 4 (December 1990): 519–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1990.9516443.

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7

Gauldie, R. W., I. F. West, and G. Coote. "Periodic changes in the chemistry of the otolith of Macruronus novaezelandiae." Journal of Applied Ichthyology 9, no. 3-4 (November 1993): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.1993.tb00390.x.

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8

Irianto, Hari Eko, Carmen C. Fernandez, and G. J. Shaw. "IDENTIFICATION OF VOLATILE FLAVOUR COMPOUNDS OF HOKI (Macruronus novaezelandiae) AND ORANGE ROUGHY (Hoplostethus atlanticus) OILS." Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology 9, no. 2 (December 7, 2014): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/squalen.v9i2.105.

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Identification of volatile flavour compounds of hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) and orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) oils has been carried out. Flavour compounds were extracted by a purging system and collected using a porous polymer Tenax TA trap. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify the volatile flavour compounds. The predominant compounds contributing to the volatile flavour of hoki oil were methyl ethyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate and 1,1-dimethylethyl-2-propionic acid. Meanwhile, the main volatile flavour components of orange roughy oil were toluene, cyclohexane, 1,1-dimethylethyl-2-methyl propionic acid and tetrachloroethane.

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9

Hallett, Ian C., and H. Allan Bremner. "Fine structure of the myocommata-muscle fibre junction in hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae)." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 44, no. 3 (1988): 245–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740440306.

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10

Murdoch, Robin C., and Bruce E. Chapman. "Occurrence of hoki(Macruronus novaezelandiae)eggs and larvae in eastern Cook Strait." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 23, no. 1 (March 1989): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1989.9516341.

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11

Kloser, Rudy J., Tim E. Ryan, Gavin J. Macaulay, and Mark E. Lewis. "In situ measurements of target strength with optical and model verification: a case study for blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 9 (July 25, 2011): 1986–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr127.

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Abstract Kloser, R. J., Ryan, T. E., Macaulay, G. J., and Lewis, M. E. 2011. In situ measurements of target strength with optical and model verification: a case study for blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1986–1995. In situ measurements of target strength (TS) of isolated fish surrounding dense schools need to be representative of the schooling fish to calculate their echo-integrated biomass. Using synchronous optical and acoustic measurements from a pelagic fishing net, the standard length (81 cm, n = 128), tilt-angle (−9°), and net-disturbed in situ TS (−34.4 dB) of Australian Macruronus novaezelandiae (blue grenadier) were confirmed at depth. In situ drift experiments of assumed undisturbed but dispersed blue grenadier recorded a mean TS of −31.8 dB (CI −33.1 to −30.9 dB) with attributed fish standard lengths of 83 cm (s.d. 7.5 cm) and weight 2.5 kg. Modelling the gasbladder showed that uncertainties in fish length, orientation, and gasbladder size could explain the differences observed. Blue grenadiers have negative buoyancy because the cavity size of their gasbladder is smaller than the volume of gas required for neutral buoyancy at depth. For the same species and length, New Zealand hoki weigh less and have smaller gasbladders than Australian blue grenadier, suggesting a conversion factor of 1.10 in length for comparative measurements. Net-attached acoustic and optical measurements indicate that model and drift in situ measurements are biased high by 2.9 and 1.0 dB, respectively. Net-attached acoustic and optical measurements are a cost-effective method of monitoring TS routinely at depth for changes in species length and weight.

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12

West, I. F., and R. W. Gauldie. "Determination of Fish Age Using 210Pb: 226Ra Disequilibrium Methods." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 2333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f94-236.

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Previous workers have used disequilibrium in the 210Pb: 226Ra ratio in fish otoliths to estimate the age of four teleost species: Hoplostethus atlanticus, Macruronus novaezelandiae, Sebastes diploproa, and Sebastes mentella. We argue that uncontrollable errors due to degassing of intermediate 222Rn from otoliths, unknown sources and sinks of 210Pb and 226Ra, possible changes in the ratio with which these isotopes are accreted to the otolith over the life of the fish, contamination by 210Po, difficulties in obtaining otolith cores, and the dependence of the estimated radiometric ages on the mass growth-in-time model usually adopted for otoliths can invalidate the application of disequilibrium techniques to fish age estimation.

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13

Francis, R. I. C. Chris, Mark G. Hadfield, Janet M. Bradford‐Grieve, James A. Renwick, and Philip J. H. Sutton. "Links between climate and recruitment of New Zealand hoki(Macruronus novaezelandiae)now unclear." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 40, no. 4 (December 2006): 547–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2006.9517444.

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14

MACDONALD, GRANT A., JOHN LELIEVRE, and NEIL D. C. WILSON. "Effect of Frozen Storage on the Gel-forming Properties of Hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae)." Journal of Food Science 57, no. 1 (January 1992): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb05427.x.

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15

Punt, A. E., D. C. Smith, R. B. Thomson, M. Haddon, X. He, and J. M. Lyle. "Stock assessment of the blue grenadier Macruronus novaezelandiae resource off south-eastern Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 52, no. 4 (2001): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99136.

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The fishery can be divided into two subfisheries (‘spawning’ and ‘non-spawning’). Commercial catch rates for the ‘non-spawning’ subfishery declined from the late 1980s to 1997, whereas those for the ‘spawning’ subfishery exhibit no obvious temporal trend. An ‘Integrated Analysis’ assessment, of the feasibility of reconciling these differing trends, uses catch (landed and discarded), catch rate, length-at-age, and catch-at-age data and estimates of absolute abundance based on the egg-production method. It emphasizes uncertainty due to model assumptions and the data included in the assessment. Use of the discard data allows more precise estimation of the magnitude of recent recruitments. Spawning biomass is estimated to have declined from a peak in 1989–91 to 1999 although fishing mortality has consistently been <6%for each subfishery. One main reason for the reduction in population size is the weakness of year-classes spawned from 1988 to 1993. Differences in catch rates between the two subfisheries can therefore be explained by interactions between the components of the population harvested by the two ‘subfisheries’, and the trends in year-class strength. A risk analysis is used to evaluate the consequences of different future levels of harvest for different assessment assumptions. Overall, the spawning biomass is predicted to increase over the next five to ten years as a result of the strong 1994 and 1995 year-classes, although the extent of this increase remains uncertain.

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16

Mohtar, Nor Fazliyana, Conrad O. Perera, and Yacine Hemar. "Chemical modification of New Zealand hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) skin gelatin and its properties." Food Chemistry 155 (July 2014): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.01.043.

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17

Livingston, M. E., and K. A. Schofield. "Stock discrimination of hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae, Merlucciidae) in New Zealand waters using morphometrics." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 30, no. 2 (June 1996): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1996.9516708.

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18

Schofield, Kathy A., and Mary E. Livingston. "Ovarian development and the potential annual fecundity of western stock hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae)." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 32, no. 1 (March 1998): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1998.9516814.

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19

Ramshaw, John A. M., Jerome A. Werkmeister, and H. Allan Bremner. "Characterization of type I collagen from the skin of blue grenadier (Macruronus novaezelandiae)." Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 267, no. 2 (December 1988): 497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(88)90056-2.

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20

Piasente, M., I. A. Knuckey, S. Eayrs, and P. E. McShane. "In situ examination of the behaviour of fish in response to demersal trawl nets in an Australian trawl fishery." Marine and Freshwater Research 55, no. 8 (2004): 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf04054.

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In situ examination of the behaviour of fish was undertaken with underwater cameras positioned on demersal trawl gear used by Australia’s South East Trawl Fishery. Blue grenadier (Macruronus novaezelandiae), pink ling (Genypterus blacodes) and whiptails (Coelorinchus spp.) swam in an anguilliform mode whereas other species displayed a carangiform swimming mode. Tiger flathead (Neoplatycephalus richardsoni) and ocean perch (Heliocolenus spp.) were active in response to the approaching trawl net compared with the generally passive activity of whiptails, New Zealand dory (Cyttus novaezelandiae), and jackass morwong (Nemadactylus macropterus). However, when in the body of the trawl, gemfish were active while ocean perch, whiptails and New Zealand dory were generally passive. Some blue grenadier, ocean perch and whiptails escaped capture by passing through open meshes in the trawl mouth, whereas tiger flathead passed under the ground gear. In the trawl body, small numbers of blue grenadier passed through open meshes in the top panel whereas numerous spotted warehou swam faster than the towing speed, presumably escaping capture by swimming forwards and out of the trawl. Interspecific behavioural variation in escape response could be utilised to design more efficient trawl gears.

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21

Kenchington, TJ, and O. Augustine. "Age and growth of blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae (Hector), in south-eastern Australian waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 38, no. 5 (1987): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9870625.

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Blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae, from south-eastern Australian waters were aged, using their otoliths (whole and in transverse thin sections). The greatest recorded age was 25 years. A double blind test showed that the recorded ages were sufficiently reproducible to use in fitting growth curves (Index of Average Percent Error: 8%), but not sufficiently so to assign individuals to particular year-classes. Von Bertalanffy growth curves were fitted to both length and weight data. For males, Lt = 90.7 (1 - exp[-0.256(t + 1.21)]} and Wt = 2.62 (1 - exp[-0.277(t + 1.39)]}3. For females, Lt = 99.3 {l - exp[-0.203(t + 1.48)]} and Wt = 4.16{1 - exp[-0.157(t + 2.93)]}3. L is the length in centimetres, W is the weight in kilograms and t is the age in years. A comparison with length-frequency modes validated the growth curves for immature fish, but no validation was possible for the adults. The $exes have qignificantly different growth patterns. Their growth parameters are typical of those of commercially exploited, temperate gadoid fishes and show no modification for the deep-water zone inhabited by blue grenadier.

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22

Miller, Matthew R., Nigel B. Perry, Elaine J. Burgess, and Susan N. Marshall. "Regiospecific Analyses of Triacylglycerols of Hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) and Greenshell™ Mussel (Perna canaliculus)." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 88, no. 4 (October 15, 2010): 509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11746-010-1690-y.

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23

Punt, André E., and David C. Smith. "Assessments of species in the Australian South East Fishery can be sensitive to the method used to convert from size-to age-composition data." Marine and Freshwater Research 52, no. 4 (2001): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99129.

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Information about the age-structure of the catch is one of the primary inputs to many of the methods of stock assessment currently applied to SEF species. Two methods for calculating the catch-, mean length-, and mean mass-at-age matrices from the data collected from the fishery are outlined. These methods are illustrated by applying them to data for blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae, and eastern school whiting, Sillago flindersi. The assessment and risk analysis results for blue grenadier are highly sensitive to the choice of method, whereas those for eastern school whiting are not. It is recommended that a method that allows for inter-annual variation in mean length- and hence mass-at-age should be the standard for SEF stock assessments but that sensitivity to alternative methods needs to be examined routinely.

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24

Cumming, Hall, and Hofman. "Isolation and Characterisation of Major and Minor Collagens from Hyaline Cartilage of Hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae)." Marine Drugs 17, no. 4 (April 12, 2019): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17040223.

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The composition and properties of collagen in teleost (bony fish) cartilage have never been studied. In this study, we aimed to identify and characterise all collagen species in the nasal cartilage of hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae). Four native collagen species were extracted using two techniques, and isolated with differential salt precipitation. We were able to assign the identity of three of these collagen species on the basis of solubility, SDS-PAGE and amino acid analyses. We found that hoki cartilage contains the major collagen, type II, and the minor collagens, type IX and type XI, which are homologous to those found in mammal and chicken cartilage. Using these extraction protocols, we also isolated a full-length type IX collagen from cartilage for the first time. In addition, we detected a 90 kDa, highly glycosylated collagen that has not been identified in any other species. For each isolate, structural and biochemical characterisations were performed using circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses, and the thermal denaturation properties were determined. Our results showed that the properties of hoki cartilage-derived collagens are similar to those of collagens in mammalian cartilage, indicating that teleost cartilage could provide biological ingredients for the development of biomaterials to treat cartilage-related illnesses.

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25

Ryder, John M., Dorian N. Scott, and Graham C. Fletcher. "The Effects of On-Board Handling and Frozen Storage on Gaping in Hoki(Macruronus novaezelandiae)." Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology 6, no. 2 (March 11, 1997): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j030v06n02_04.

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26

McClatchie, S., M. Pinkerton, and M. E. Livingston. "Relating the distribution of a semi-demersal fish, Macruronus novaezelandiae, to their pelagic food supply." Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 52, no. 8 (August 2005): 1489–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2005.02.007.

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27

Gauldie, R. W., I. F. West, and G. Coote. "Seasonal and environmental codes in the chemistry of the scales of the hoki Macruronus novaezelandiae." Tissue and Cell 23, no. 4 (January 1991): 489–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-8166(91)90007-g.

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28

Kalish, J. M., J. M. Johnston, D. C. Smith, A. K. Morison, and S. G. Robertson. "Use of the bomb radiocarbon chronometer for age validation in the blue grenadier Macruronus novaezelandiae." Marine Biology 128, no. 4 (June 26, 1997): 557–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050121.

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29

Merts, I., E. D. Bickers, and T. Chadderton. "Application and testing of a simple method for predicting chilling times for hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae)." Journal of Food Engineering 78, no. 1 (January 2007): 162–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.09.020.

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30

Gunn, JS, BD Bruce, DM Furlani, RE Thresher, and SJM Blaber. "Timing and location of spawning of Blue Grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae (Teleostei: Merlucciidae), In Australian Coastal Waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 40, no. 1 (1989): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9890097.

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The geographical distribution and ages of larvae of the blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae, based on ichthyoplankton surveys in southern Australian waters in 1984 and 1985, indicate that the species spawns primarily off the west coast of Tasmania in winter, and may spawn on a lunar cycle. Winter spawning off Tasmania is also suggested by adult gonad morphology: gonado-somatic indices peaked in winter, and mature and spent individuals were collected off the west coast of Tasmania. Small numbers of larval blue grenadier were also collected off north-eastern Tasmania, suggesting the occurrence of small-scale and sporadic spawning in that area. The date of first spawning differed by a month between 1984 and 1985, and was apparently related to broad-scale interannual differences in the oceanography of southern Australian waters. Use of oceanographic features to retrocast spawning dates for blue grenadier suggests that shifts in the date of first spawning of approximately one month are common in this species.

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31

Hofman, Kathleen Anne, and Marcus Newberry. "Thermal Transition Properties of Hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) and Ling (Genypterus blacodes) Skin Collagens: Implications for Processing." Marine Drugs 9, no. 7 (June 28, 2011): 1176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md9071176.

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32

Milton, DA, and JB Shaklee. "Biochemical genetics and population structure of blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae (Hector) (Pisces : Merluccidae), from Australian waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 38, no. 6 (1987): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9870727.

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Spatial and temporal variation in allele frequencies at 10 polymorphic loci were investigated in blue grenadier from Australian waters. Little geographic differentiation was found among three major regions. Nearly all of the detectable variation (>99%) was found within samples, while variation between samples taken at the same locality accounted for most of the remaining variation (0.8%). Blue grenadier were polymorphic at 22% of the 46 loci initially screened (P0.99= 0.22). Overall mean heterozygosity was 0.068�0.018. This value is considerably higher than has previously been reported for this species. Almost 700 fish were aged and typed for genetic variation. Fourteen age-classes (0+: 2-14+ years old) were compared. Little genetic difference was observed among age-classes within regions, or in the overall sample. A significant difference was found between sexes at the Est-l locus; this was due to an increase in males homozygous for the Est-l104 allele in the eastern Tasmanian sample taken during August 1984. The same sample displayed a significant shift in allele frequency at the Sod locus. This sample was taken during the spawning season of blue grenadier on the west coast of Tasmania and may provide circumstantial evidence of differential spawning migration by fish with particular genotypes from eastern Tasmania to the west coast. Comparisons of samples from Australian waters with a sample of fish from New Zealand showed significant heterogeneity at 6 of the 11 loci polymorphic in the two areas. The observed differentiation indicates that blue grenadier from New Zealand are genetically isolated from those of Australia. However, the apparent genetic homogeneity observed among the Australian samples suggests that, in the absence of indications to the contrary, blue grenadier stocks throughout south-eastern Australia can be treated for management purposes as part of a single, interbreeding unit.

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33

MACDONALD, G. A., J. LELIEVRE, and N. D. C. WILSON. "Strength of Gels Prepared from Washed and Unwashed Minces of Hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) Stored in Ice." Journal of Food Science 55, no. 4 (July 1990): 976–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb01578.x.

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34

Horn, Peter L., and K. J. Sullivan. "Validated aging methodology using otoliths, and growth parameters for hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) in New Zealand waters." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 30, no. 2 (June 1996): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1996.9516705.

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35

Livingston, Mary E. "Links between climate variation and the year class strength of New Zealand hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) Hector." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 34, no. 1 (March 2000): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2000.9516915.

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36

Bull, B., and M. E. Livingston. "Links between climate variation and year class strength of New Zealand hoki(Macruronus novaezelandiae): An update." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 35, no. 5 (December 2001): 871–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2001.9517049.

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37

Murdoch, R. C., and B. Quigley. "Patch study of mortality, growth and feeding of the larvae of the southern gadoid Macruronus novaezelandiae." Marine Biology 121, no. 1 (December 1994): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00349470.

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38

O'Driscoll, Richard L. "Estimating uncertainty associated with acoustic surveys of spawning hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) in Cook Strait, New Zealand." ICES Journal of Marine Science 61, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 84–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2003.09.003.

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Abstract Eleven acoustic surveys carried out between 1991 and 2002 provided estimates of the relative abundance of spawning hoki in Cook Strait, New Zealand. The precision and bias of each survey were estimated using a new Monte Carlo simulation method, which combined uncertainties associated with survey timing, sampling error, detectability, species composition, target strength, calibration coefficients, and missing strata. Because hoki have a long spawning season (more than 2 months) with turnover of fish in the survey area, survey timing was the most important source of uncertainty. Uncertainty was reduced by having a number of sub-surveys (snapshots) over a 4–6 week period, centred on the middle date of the spawning season. The other major source of uncertainty was the occurrence of 40–70% of hoki in mixed species: “hoki fuzz” marks. The acoustic analysis assumed all acoustic backscatter from hoki marks was hoki, so the presence of other species caused a positive bias in relative-abundance indices. The magnitude of this bias differed between years because the proportion of hoki in the “fuzz” marks was variable. There was additional uncertainty from the variability in the species composition of mixed marks that affected survey precision. The abundance indices were corrected for estimated bias, and the estimate of precision, expressed as the coefficient of variation or c.v., was applied to weight the results from each acoustic survey in the assessment model used to set commercial-catch limits.

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39

Kämpf, J. "Phytoplankton blooms on the western shelf of Tasmania: evidence of a highly productive ecosystem." Ocean Science Discussions 11, no. 5 (September 15, 2014): 2173–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-2173-2014.

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Abstract. Analyses of >10 years of satellite-derived ocean-color data reveal the existence of a highly productive ecosystem on the west Tasmanian shelf. A closer event-based analysis indicates that the nutrient supply for this system has two different dynamical origins: (a) wind-driven coastal upwelling and (b) river plumes. During austral summer months, the west Tasmanian shelf forms a previously unknown upwelling center of the "Great South Australian Coastal Upwelling System", presumably injecting nutrient-rich water into western Bass Strait. Surprisingly, river discharges render the study region productive during other seasons of the year, except when nutrient-poor water of the South Australian Current reaches the region. Overall, the west Tasmanian shelf is more phytoplankton-productive than the long-known coastal upwelling along the Bonney Coast. The existence of phytoplankton blooms during the off-upwelling-season may explain the wintertime spawing aggregations of the blue grenadier (Macruronus novaezelandiae) and the associated regionally high abundance of Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus).

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Castillo-Jordán, Claudio, Neil L. Klaer, Geoffrey N. Tuck, Stewart D. Frusher, Luis A. Cubillos, Sean R. Tracey, and Michael J. Salinger. "Coincident recruitment patterns of Southern Hemisphere fishes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 73, no. 2 (February 2016): 270–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0069.

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Three dominant recruitment patterns were identified across 30 stocks from Australia, New Zealand, Chile, South Africa, and the Falkland Islands using data from 1980 to 2010. Cluster and dynamic factor analysis provided similar groupings. Stocks exhibited a detectable degree of synchrony among species, in particular the hakes and lings from Australia, New Zealand, Chile, and South Africa. We tested three climate indices, the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO), Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), to explore their relationship with fish stock recruitment patterns. The time series of IPO and SOI showed the strongest correlation with New Zealand hoki (blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae) and Australian jackass morwong (Nemadactylus macropterus) (r = 0.50 and r = –0.50), and SAM was positively related to Australian Macquarie Island Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) (r = 0.49). Potential linkages in recruitment patterns at sub-basin, basin, and multibasin scales and regional and global climate indices do account for some of the variation, playing an important role for several key Southern Hemisphere species.

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O'Driscoll, Richard L. "Determining species composition in mixed-species marks: an example from the New Zealand hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) fishery." ICES Journal of Marine Science 60, no. 3 (January 1, 2003): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1054-3139(03)00034-1.

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Abstract A model-based method has been developed for partitioning acoustic backscatter from mixed-species marks. This method uses catch-composition data to partition the echo integral, but allows for differences in trawl catchability and acoustic vulnerability between species. It was applied to estimate the biomass of New Zealand hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) from trawl and acoustic surveys on the Chatham Rise and Campbell Plateau in 2001. Mixed-species layers containing up to 20 different species were present in both survey areas. A total of 224 bottom-trawl surveys (123 on Chatham Rise and 101 on Campbell Plateau) were carried out to determine the species composition and relative densities. Simultaneous acoustic recordings made during each of these trawls were used to estimate vulnerability ratios for the two methods, i.e. acoustic as opposed to trawl surveys, (acoustic:trawl) by non-negative, least-squares minimization. The best-fit model for each survey attributed 14–22% of the backscatter in mixed layers within 10 m of the bottom to hoki. This produced hoki biomass estimates 1.3–1.8 times higher than the standard approach, which divides the echo integral in proportion to the catch assuming equal trawl catchability. The precision of the estimated acoustic:trawl vulnerability ratios depended on the contrast in trawl catch composition, and the ratios for the same species differed between areas. A major problem on the Chatham Rise was the acoustic contribution of small mesopelagic species, which are not caught by the bottom trawl. Despite these difficulties, the model-based approach has good potential for determining the biomass of the target species in a mixed-species mark when the different species cannot be discriminated acoustically.

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BREMNER, H. ALLAN, and IAN C. HALLETT. "Muscle Fiber?Connective Tissue Junctions in the Fish Blue Grenadier (Macruronus novaezelandiae). A Scanning Electron Microscope Study." Journal of Food Science 50, no. 4 (July 1985): 975–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1985.tb12993.x.

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Mohtar, Nor Fazliyana, Conrad Perera, and Siew-Young Quek. "Optimisation of gelatine extraction from hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) skins and measurement of gel strength and SDS–PAGE." Food Chemistry 122, no. 1 (September 2010): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.02.027.

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Kurtovic, Ivan, Susan N. Marshall, Xin Zhao, and Benjamin K. Simpson. "Purification and properties of digestive lipases from Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and New Zealand hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae)." Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 36, no. 4 (February 9, 2010): 1041–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10695-010-9382-y.

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Hamer, Paul A., Jodie Kemp, Simon Robertson, and Jeremy S. Hindell. "Multiple otolith techniques aid stock discrimination of a broadly distributed deepwater fishery species, blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae." Fisheries Research 113, no. 1 (January 2012): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2011.08.016.

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Kalish, JM, ME Livingston, and KA Schofield. "Trace elements in the otoliths of New Zealand blue grenadier (Macruronus novaezelandiae) as an aid to stock discrimination." Marine and Freshwater Research 47, no. 3 (1996): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9960537.

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Blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae, or hoki as it is known in New Zealand, spawns at two distinct localities off New Zealand. Earlier research on morphometrics and on age and growth suggested that these spawning localities are used by two discrete stocks; however, the research was not conclusive. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) was used to analyse trace elements in otoliths from adult blue grenadier collected at the two spawning sites. Before analysis, portions of otoliths formed during juvenile and adult life were isolated and these segments were analysed separately. With a cross-validation procedure (jackknife), it was possible to classify correctly 100% of the samples in relation to age (juvenile v. adult). On the basis of the jackknifed discriminant functions, classifications of blue grenadier in relation to sex or capture locality were not significantly different from random. The results are not definitive in determining stock structure of New Zealand blue grenadier but do provide insight into the application of otolith trace element chemistry in studies of stock structure.

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Bruce, Barry D., Scott A. Condie, and Caroline A. Sutton. "Larval distribution of blue grenadier (Macruronus novaezelandiae Hector) in south-eastern Australia: further evidence for a second spawning area." Marine and Freshwater Research 52, no. 4 (2001): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99171.

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Small numbers of blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae, larvae were found in coastal waters off eastern Victoria and southern New South Wales in August 1993. This is the first record of larval blue grenadier from mainland Australian waters. It is considerably further north than previous records of larvae and remote from the single known spawning ground off western Tasmania. Larvae were aged between 17 and 36 days and were largely confined to an inshore northward flowing water mass. Back calculated spawning dates indicated that larvae from eastern Victoria/southern NSW were spawned earlier than larvae collected during the same period off western and southern Tasmania. Otolith increment widths were significantly wider in larvae caught in eastern Victoria/southern NSW suggesting that they experienced faster growth and development conditions than the Tasmanian larvae. Three-dimensional modelling of circulation and particle advection suggested that the source of eastern Victoria/southern NSW larvae was most likely eastern Bass Strait. These data suggest that there is a second, albeit limited, spawning area for blue grenadier in south-eastern Australia.

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Karlsdottir, Magnea G., Kolbrun Sveinsdottir, Hordur G. Kristinsson, Dominique Villot, Brian D. Craft, and Sigurjon Arason. "Effects of temperature during frozen storage on lipid deterioration of saithe (Pollachius virens) and hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) muscles." Food Chemistry 156 (August 2014): 234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.01.113.

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Wimalaratne, Sajith K., Ronald J. Wong, and Bronwen G. Smith. "A Preliminary Study of the Nuclear Basic Proteins from Hoki [Macruronus novaezelandiae(Hector) (Merlucciidae)] Milt, an Underutilized Resource." Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology 17, no. 4 (October 27, 2008): 404–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10498850802369203.

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Murdoch, Robin C., Ruoquan Guo, and Ann McCrone. "Distribution of hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) eggs and larvae in relation to hydrography in eastern Cook Strait, September 1987." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 24, no. 4 (December 1990): 529–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1990.9516444.

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